Public Diplomacy
181. Draft Staff Study Prepared in the General Accounting Office
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Bureau of Information, Office of Information Resources, Library Programs Division, Special Collections Branch, Office of the Historical Librarian, Subject Files, 1953–1999, Entry P–195, Box 2, USICA/Investigations and Studies, GAO Report—Some Issues Facing the ICA, Leslie Brady, Sept. 1979. No classification marking. In a November 23 letter to Reinhardt, Staats indicated that the General Accounting Office had been developing an “inventory of issues facing” ICA following its establishment and that GAO had planned to examine these “problems and issues.” “However,” Staats concluded, “after careful consideration of how to best do this, we have decided to wait until the Agency has had further time to solve some of these issues. We do not plan, therefore, to proceed further on the subject at this time.” (National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Reports and Studies, 1953–1998, Entry A–1 1070, Box 95, General Accounting Office Report, 1977)
182. Action Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Research, Directorate for Programs, International Communication Agency (Burnett) to the Associate Director for Programs (Schneidman) and the Deputy Associate Director for Programs (Winkler)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research, Special Reports, 1953–1997, Entry P–160, Box 40, S–15–79. No classification marking. Drafted by Reddy. Printed from an uninitialed copy.
183. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the Associate Director for Programs (Schneidman)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Subject Files, 1953–2000, Entry A–1 1066, Box 39, Research, General, 1979–1983. No classification marking.
184. Research Memorandum Prepared in the Office of Research, Directorate for Programs, International Communication Agency
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research and Media Reaction, Research Memoranda, 1963–1999, Entry P–64, Box 36, M–53–79. No classification marking. Prepared by Jocelyn Greene (PGM/REU).
185. Letter From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to all ICA Public Affairs Officers
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Subject Files, 1953–2000, Entry A–1 1066, Box 52, Educational Exchanges, Educational and Cultural Affairs, 1978–1985. No classification marking. Sent to all country and branch PAOs and Washington personnel at the supervisory level.
186. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 40, Cuba: 9/1–12/79. Secret. A notation in an unknown hand at the top of the memorandum reads: “Staff—Pastor.” Pastor sent a copy of the memorandum to Brzezinski under a November 1 covering memorandum, commenting “I understand from ICA it is partially OBE’ed. With regard to the Alvin Ailey tour, ICA is still trying to determine whether the Cubans will accept our conditions. The Cubans had initially wanted to control the tour and use it for propaganda purposes, but we vetoed that. With regard to the art exhibit, we have agreement in principle with the Cubans.” (Ibid.)
187. Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Tarnoff) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 46, Latin America: 10/15–31/79. Confidential. Tabs 1–5 are attached but not printed. A notation in an unknown hand at the bottom of the first page of the memorandum reads: “will send some analysis by Tues.”
188. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 10, International Communication Agency: 9–12/79. No classification marking. On November 4, the U.S. Embassy in Tehran was seized and Americans were taken hostage.
189. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Subject File, Box 9, Board for International Broadcasting (RFE, RL, VOA): 5/79–1/80. Confidential.
190. Memorandum From Secretary of State Vance to President Carter
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 46, Latin America: 10/15–31/79. Confidential. Printed from an unsigned copy. There is no indication that the President saw the version of the memorandum printed here.
191. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to President Carter
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 6, Caribbean: People-to-People, 11/79. Unclassified with Confidential attachment. Although the memorandum is undated, Brzezinski wrote “Nov. 16 ‛79” in the top right-hand corner of the memorandum.
192. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 10, International Communication Agency: 9–12/79. Confidential.
193. Foreign Opinion Note Prepared in the Office of Research, Directorate for Programs, International Communication Agency
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research, Foreign Opinion Notes, 1973–1989, Entry P–118, Box 2, N–25–79. No classification marking. Prepared by Crespi.
194. Memorandum From James Rentschler of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 10, International Communication Agency: 9–12/79. Confidential. Sent for information. Copies were sent to Hunter, Sick, and Griffith. Rentschler wrote “Jim” next to his name in the “from” line. Gates initialed the top right-hand corner of the memorandum. Brzezinski wrote in the top-right hand corner of the memorandum: “Develop with GS RH a memo to ICA from me along p. 2 ZB.” An unknown hand wrote “12/4/79” next to Brzezinski’s notation. According to an attached NSC Correspondence Profile, Brzezinski “noted” the memorandum on December 4. (Ibid.) The signed version of the memorandum Brzezinski requested is printed as Document 195.
195. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 10, International Communication Agency: 9–12/79. Confidential. A copy was sent to Vance. The copy received in the Department of State is in the National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, P800010–1755. Rentschler sent a copy of the memorandum to Brzezinski under a December 11 covering memorandum, indicating that the memorandum had been reviewed by both Hunter and Sick and included “pertinent language” proposed by Henze. A stamped notation indicates that Brzezinski signed the memorandum to Reinhardt on December 12. (Ibid.)
196. Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Tarnoff) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Country File, Box 46, Latin America: 12/79–1/80. Confidential.
197. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to Secretary of State Vance, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (McIntyre), Director of Central Intelligence Turner, the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt), and the Chair of the Board for International Broadcasting (Gronouski)
Source: Carter Library, Brzezinski Donated Material, Subject File, Box 31, [Meetings—SCC 225: 12/11/79]. Confidential.
198. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to President Carter
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 6, Caribbean: People-to-People, 12/79. No classification marking. Sent for information. The President wrote “Zbig J” in the top right-hand corner of the memorandum. Pastor sent the December 13 memorandum to Brzezinski under a December 13 covering memorandum, requesting that he sign it. (Ibid.) In a handwritten note, December 13, the President instructed Pastor: “Give me a brief assessment of progress on our Caribbean project.” (Ibid.)
199. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, White House Central Files, Subject File, Federal Government, Voice of America, Executive, Box FG–218, FG 298–1 1/1/79–12/31/79. No classification marking. Bray initialed for Reinhardt. A stamped notation reads: “ZB has seen.” None of the tabs referenced in the memorandum are attached. An attached NSC Correspondence Profile indicates that copies were sent for information to Hunter, Henze, and Thornton and that the “5 tabs of news reporting on file” were in the NSC Secretariat for review. (Ibid.) The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in late December 1979. In a December 28 note to Reinhardt, Brzezinski wrote: “I have reviewed your December 28 report of VOA coverage of the Afghanistan coup and Iran. Keep up the good work. However, as I am sure you agree, much more is needed.” (Ibid.)
200. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Agency File, Box 10, International Communication Agency: 1–4/80. Confidential. Brzezinski wrote Henze’s and Sick’s initials in the top right-hand corner of the memorandum. An unknown hand wrote in the top right-hand corner: “1/5 ZB requests your immediate reaction.” Henze sent a copy of the memorandum to Brzezinski under a January 8 covering note, in which he assessed Reinhardt’s memorandum and expressed his own reservations about ICA efforts, suggesting that the NSC Staff might initiate an “independent evaluation” of ICA’s performance. Brzezinski approved this recommendation. Henze sent both the note and the memorandum to Dodson under a January 9 covering note, which reads: “Note ZB’s approval of the actions I suggested in the final paragraph of the attached memorandum on ICA, etc. This means that we have the go-ahead to organize a consultants’ survey of ICA. Who do we have on our list that we could use?” (Ibid.)
201. Briefing Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Moose) to the Deputy Secretary of State (Christopher)
Source: Department of State, Office of the Counselor, International Sports and International Sporting Events, 1980–1983, Lot 87D241, Muhammed Ali Trip. No classification marking. Drafted by Bandler. An unknown hand initialed for Moose. Also scheduled for publication in Foreign Relations, 1977–1980, vol. XXV, United Nations; Global Issues.
202. Memorandum From the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, White House Central Files, Subject File, Federal Government, Voice of America, Box FG–219, FG 298–1 2/1/80–2/15/80. No classification marking.
203. Address by the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Office of the Director, Biographic Files Relating to USIA Directors and Other Senior Officials, 1953–2000, Entry A–1 1069, Box 25, John E. Reinhardt, Speeches, 1980. No classification marking. Reinhardt spoke before a meeting of the National Council for International Visitors. His address is entitled “The Future of Public Diplomacy.”
204. Research Note Prepared in the Office of Research, Associate Directorate for Programs, International Communication Agency
Source: National Archives, RG 306, Office of Research and Media Reaction, Research Memoranda, 1963–1999, Entry P–64, Box 36, M–4–80. No classification marking. Prepared by Crespi.
205. Memorandum From the Acting Director of the International Communication Agency (Bray) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: National Archives, RG 59, Central Foreign Policy File, P800065–2473. Confidential. A copy was sent to Vance.
206. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to the Director of the International Communication Agency (Reinhardt)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 16, Cuba: Broadcasting (Cuba and Caribbean), 12/79–12/80. Secret. A copy was sent to Muskie. Additional documentation on the Cuban refugee problem is scheduled for publication in Foreign Relations, 1977–1980, vol. XXIII, Mexico, Cuba, and the Caribbean.
207. Memorandum From the Acting Director of the International Communication Agency (Bray) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 16, Cuba: Broadcasting (Cuba and Caribbean), 12/79–12/80. Confidential. Cohen initialed for Bray. A copy was sent to Muskie. Gates initialed the top right-hand corner of the memorandum. Brzezinski wrote “RP need your recomm. ZB.” Attached as Tab II to a June 13 memorandum from Pastor to Brzezinski, in which Pastor recommended that Brzezinski sign a memorandum to Bray regarding the recommendations made in Bray’s June 6 memorandum. The memorandum from Brzezinski to Bray is attached to Pastor’s June 13 memorandum as Tab I and is printed as Document 208. The memorandum printed here is also scheduled for publication in Foreign Relations, 1977–1980, vol. XXIII, Mexico, Cuba, and the Caribbean.
208. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski) to the Deputy Director of the International Communication Agency (Bray)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Staff Material, North/South Pastor Files, Country Files, Box 16, Cuba: Broadcasting (Cuba and Caribbean), 12/79–12/80. Confidential. Attached as Tab I to Pastor’s June 13 memorandum to Brzezinski (see footnote 1, Document 207).
209. Information Memorandum Prepared by the Associate Director for Educational and Cultural Affairs, International Communication Agency (Ilchman)
Source: National Archives, RG 306, USIA Historical Collection, Subject Files, 1953–2000, Entry A–1 1066, Box 178, Books, Children, Books and Broadcasting for Children, 1979. No classification marking. Ilchman sent the memorandum to Reinhardt, Bray, Cohen, Pistor, Roth, Hackley, PGM/RL, Nalle, Marcy, Hopper, Inman, ECA/E, and ECA/PPE.
210. Memorandum From Steven Larabee of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Deputy Assistant for National Security Affairs (Aaron)
Source: Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Subject File, Box 9, Board for International Broadcasting (RFE, RL, VOA): 2–9/80. Confidential. Sent for action. Also printed in Foreign Relations, 1977–1980, vol. XX, Eastern Europe, Document 79. Aaron sent a copy of the memorandum to the President under an August 20 memorandum; the President initialed this memorandum. (Carter Library, National Security Affairs, Brzezinski Material, Subject File, Box 9, Board for International Broadcasting (RFE, RL, VOA): 2–9/80)