Soviet Union, October 1986–January 1989
31. Minutes of a National Security Planning Group Meeting
Source: Reagan Library, 1987 SYS 4 RWR INT 40151–40200. Top Secret; [codeword not declassified]. [The text was redacted in the version of the document on file.] The meeting took place in the White House Situation Room.
32. Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs (Schifter) to Secretary of State Shultz
Source: Department of State, C. Max Kampelman Files, Lot 89D56, Box 2, Human Rights. Confidential. Drafted by Schifter. Copies were sent to Ridgway, Solomon, Abramowitz, Derwinski, Kampelman, and Adelman.
33. Memorandum From Barry Kelly of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) and the President’s Deputy Assistant for National Security Affairs (Powell)
Source: Reagan Library, 1987 SYS 4 RWR INT 40151–40200. Secret. Sent for action. A stamped notation on the memorandum indicates Powell saw it.
34. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, Ermarth Files, Chron Files March-April 1987 (2). Secret. Sent for information. Prepared by Ermarth. A copy was sent to Bush. Reagan initialed the memorandum in the upper right-hand corner. A stamped notation on the memorandum also indicates that the President saw it. Ermarth sent a copy of the memorandum to Carlucci under an April 6 covering memorandum requesting that Carlucci send the memorandum to Reagan “with the NSPG package” or prior to the April 7 NSPG meeting. (Ibid.) For the minutes of the NSPG meeting, see Document 35.
35. Electronic Message From Fritz Ermarth of the National Security Council Staff to Sandra Kelly of the National Security Council Staff
Source: Reagan Library, Linhard Files, SecState Moscow Trip: April 13–16, 1987 (1) NSPG—April 7, 1987. Secret. An unknown hand wrote in the top right-hand corner of the messages: “Fritz’s Points.” The meeting took place in the White House Situation Room from 11:08 a.m. to 12:08 p.m. Reagan, Bush, Craig Fuller, Shultz, Ridgway, Nitze, Rowny, Lehman, Weinberger, Ikle, Crowe, Moellering, Adelman, Gates, Douglas George, Meese, James Baker, Martin, Miller, Graham, Duberstein, Howard Baker, Carlucci, Linhard, and Ermarth attended. (Reagan Library, President’s Daily Diary) The full minutes of the meeting are in Reagan Library, Executive Secretariat, NSC: National Security Planning Group (NSPG) Records, 1981–1987, NSPG 0151 04/07/1981 (1).
36. Telegram From the Consulate in Frankfurt to the Department of State
Source: Reagan Library, Ermarth Files, Secretary Shultz’s Moscow Trip April 1987 Pre-Trip Background Material (9). Secret; Immediate; Nodis. Shultz later wrote in his memoirs that the cable was hand-delivered from Moscow to Frankfurt as a result of security concerns at the Embassy in Moscow and that he received it on April 9. (Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph, p. 883)
37. Letter From President Reagan to Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev
Source: Reagan Library, Executive Secretariat, NSC Head of State Correspondence File, U.S.S.R.: General Secretary Gorbachev (8790364) (#1). No classification marking. Shultz handed the letter to Gorbachev in Moscow on April 14, see Document 42.
38. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis. Drafted by Parris. This one-on-one conversation was preceded by a plenary session in which Shevardnadze greeted Shultz and went over the schedule for the latter’s stay in Moscow. See Document 39. Prior to arriving in Moscow, Shultz stopped in Helsinki. At the conclusion of his meetings, Shultz traveled to Brussels to brief the North Atlantic Council before returning to the United States.
39. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis. Drafted by Simons; cleared by Graze and Pascoe. The meeting took place in the Foreign Ministry Guest House. For Shultz and Shevardnadze’s “one-on-one” conversation, which took place prior to this conversation, see Document 38.
40. Telegram From Secretary of State Shultz’s Delegation to the Department of State and the White House
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Immediate; Nodis. Drafted by Kamman.
41. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis. Drafted by Combs; cleared by Graze and Pascoe. The meeting took place in the Kremlin. In Secto 6015, April 14, Shultz conveyed to Reagan his meeting with Ryzhkov, noting, “I think his remarks reveal that he understands the essence of his country’s current economic woes, even if he may be overly optimistic about the prospects for overcoming them.” (Ibid.)
42. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S–IRM Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis. Drafted by Simons; cleared by Graze and Pascoe.
43. Telegram From Secretary of State Shultz to the Department of State and the White House
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis; Niact Immediate. Sent Immediate for information to Brussels.
44. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Sensitive; Nodis. Drafted by Parris. All brackets are in the original. The meeting took place in the Foreign Ministry Guesthouse.
45. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Sensitive; Nodis. Drafted by Stafford; cleared by Graze. The meeting took place in the Foreign Ministry Mansion.
46. Memorandum of Conversation
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow Trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret. Drafted by Zarechnak. A stamped notation indicates that Levitsky saw it. The meeting took place in the Foreign Ministry Mansion.
47. Telegram From Secretary of State Shultz to President Reagan
Source: Department of State, Executive Secretariat, S/S Records, Memoranda of Conversations Pertaining to United States and USSR Relations, 1981–1990, Lot 93D188, Moscow trip—Memcons 4/12–16/87. Secret; Nodis. Sent for information to the Department of State. The telegram was sent from the Secretary’s aircraft en route to Brussels from Moscow.
49. Memorandum From Barry Kelly of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci)
Source: Reagan Library, 1987 SYS 4 RWR INT 40201–40225. Secret. Prepared by Collins and Major. Stamped notations indicate that Carlucci and Powell saw the memorandum.
50. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, Frank Carlucci Files, Howard Baker (03/27/1987–04/28/1987). Confidential. Sent for information. Copied to Howard Baker and Shultz.
51. Note From Ambassador-at-Large Nitze and the Counselor of the Department of State (Kampelman) to Secretary of State Shultz
Source: Department of State, Ambassador Nitze’s Personal Files 1953, 1972–1989, Lot 90D397, July 1982. Secret; Sensitive.
52. Memorandum of Conversation Between the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) and the Soviet Ambassador (Dubinin)
Source: Reagan Library, Frank Carlucci Files, Howard Baker (04/29/1987–06/23/1987). Confidential. Drafted by Carlucci on May 18. Copies were sent to Ermarth and Linhard. There is no indication where this conversation took place.
53. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, 1987 SYS 4 RWR INT 40301–40325. Secret. Copied to Howard Baker. A stamped notation indicates that Reagan saw the memorandum on May 29. Reagan initialed the top right-hand corner of the memorandum.
55. Memorandum From Secretary of State Shultz to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, Ermarth Files, Subject File, Soviet: Six Months. Secret; Sensitive. Shultz handed a copy of this memorandum to Reagan during their June 26 meeting, which took place from 1:17 until 1:41 p.m. at the White House and which Reagan, Shultz, Bush, Howard Baker, Duberstein, and Carlucci attended. (Reagan Library, President’s Daily Diary) Notes from this conversation are in the Reagan Library, Carlucci Files, Secretary Shultz (05/29/1987–08/13/1987) [Meetings with the President—notes].
56. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the Soviet Union
Source: Department of State, Central Foreign Policy File, D870687–0263. Secret; Niact Immediate; Exdis; Immediate. Drafted by H. Lampert (IO); cleared by W. Courtney (NSC), G. Kulick (IO/UNP), Simons, R. Mueller (S/S), M. Creekmore (NEA), and in substance by N. Smith (IO) and D. Goodman (IO); approved by Armacost. Sent Immediate for information to Paris, London, Beijing, Baghdad, and USUN. For Gorbachev’s response, see Document 59.
57. Memorandum From the Counselor of the Department of State (Kampelman) to Secretary of State Shultz
Source: Reagan Library, Shultz Papers, 1987 July 1 Mtg. w/the PRES. Secret; Sensitive.
58. Memorandum for the Record
Source: Reagan Library, Carlucci Files, Memos for the Record 1987. Secret.
59. Letter From Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, Executive Secretariat, NSC, Head of State Correspondence File, U.S.S.R.: General Secretary Gorbachev (879073). No classification marking. Printed from an unofficial translation. Levitsky sent the translation and the Russian-language copy of the letter to Carlucci under cover of a July 18 memorandum, in which he explained that Dubinin handed the letter to Armacost. An attached NSC Correspondence Profile indicated that Carlucci sent the letters to Reagan on July 20 and that the President “noted” the letters on July 21. Telegram 222128 to Moscow, July 18, provided the Embassy with an English version of Gorbachev’s letter to Reagan and reported on Armacost’s meeting with Dubinin. (Department of State, Central Foreign Policy File, [no film number])
60. Memorandum From the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Carlucci) to President Reagan
Source: Reagan Library, Ermarth Files, Chron Files, July-August 1987 (2). Secret. Sent for information. Copies were sent to Bush and Baker. Reagan initialed the top right-hand corner of the memorandum. A stamped notation on the memorandum indicates that Reagan saw it on July 21.