Index
References are to document numbers
- Abel, Iorwith W., 215
- Ad Hoc Interagency Group on Critical Imported Materials, 260
- Ad Hoc Interagency Group on International Cooperation in Agriculture, 252
- Africa, 31, 138
- African Development Bank, 242
- African Development Fund, 243, 303
- Agency for International Development (AID), 109, 247, 258, 264, 301, 303
- Agnew, Spiro, 160, 172, 187
- Agreements, international:
- Agreements with the United States:
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933), 162
- Agricultural Development Fund, 278
- Agriculture (see also
Export controls; Grain
reserves; Less-developed countries; Stockpiles; Multilateral trade
negotiations agriculture discussions):
- Commodities:
- Agreements on, 50, 52, 149, 286, 287, 292
- Common Fund, 151, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308
- Critical imports of, 255, 260, 261
- Excess production of, 43
- Exporters of, 291
- French position, 43, 50, 52
- Initiatives on, 286, 290, 296, 301
- Integrated Commodity Program proposal, 301, 306, 309
- LDC production of, 149
- Rambouillet discussion of, 124
- Soviet bloc nations’ trading roles in, 246
- U.N. position, 43
- U.S.–EEC conflict over arrangements for, 245
- U.S. long-term contractual arrangements, 234
- U.S. policy on, 287, 290, 292, 293, 295, 305
- Financing for development of, 310
- Food prices, 258
- Foreign policy decisions on, 58
- International cooperation in, 245, 246, 252, 256
- Protectionism, 123, 162, 166
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit on, 143
- Trade Negotiating Committee discussions on, 193, 203, 204, 205
- Wheat cartel proposal, 38, 41, 124
- World Food Conference, 230, 251, 256, 262, 263
- Commodities:
- Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act (1973), 162
- Agriculture, U.S. Department of (USDA):
- Aichi Kiichi, 5, 13, 21, 57
- Aiken, George, 169, 187, 216
- Aircraft, 10
- Alaska oil pipeline, 124
- Albert, Carl, 169, 187, 189, 196, 197, 201, 212
- Algeria, 94, 124, 286, 300, 304
- Alkhimov, Vladimir S., 163, 186
- Allende, Salvador, 26
- Alumina, 260, 261
- American Farm Bureau, 263
- American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO), 153, 158, 183, 192, 194, 236
- American selling price, 37, 162
- Amitay, Morris, 218
- Anderson, John, 187
- Anderson, Robert, 63, 243
- Andreotti, Giulio, 152
- Anemia, 310
- Angola, 149
- Anti-dumping policies, 104, 130, 153
- Anti-Semitism, 169
- Anti-trust investigations, 135
- Apel, Hans, 89, 122, 148, 151, 235
- Arab League, 135
- Arends, Leslie, 187
- Argentina, 38, 41, 173, 225, 262
- Armstrong, Anne, 172, 187
-
Ash, Roy L., 77, 162, 181,
187
- Critical imported commodities, 255
- Export controls, 172
- International cooperation in agriculture, 246
- International Development Association, 243
- International monetary system reform, 16, 17
- P.L. 480 food aid, 253, 263, 264, 265, 266, 276, 281, 282
- Soames-Nixon meetings, 160
- Troika meetings, 59
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development, 257
- World Food Conference, 269, 271, 273, 274, 277, 280
- Asia, 31
- Asian Development Bank, 149, 242, 243, 244, 303
- Atherton, Alfred L., Jr., 63
- Atlantic Charter, 58
- Australia:
- Bauxite production in, 260
- Commodities, 124, 149, 173, 245, 290
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 300
- Economic role of, 58
- Food Exporters Group proposal, 280
- International monetary system reform, 40
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 225, 230, 232, 234
- Protectionism, 123
- Stockpiles, 262, 301, 310
- U.S. imports of critical commodities from, 260
- Auto efficiency standards, 124
- Auto imports, 123, 130, 239, 240
- Azores Agreement, 247
- Bahr, Egon, 109, 140, 292
- Balabanis, Gordon, 129
- Balance of payments:
- British position, 122
- Dollar devaluation and, 162
- French-U.S. talks, 41
- FRG position, 44, 148
- FRG–U.S., 3, 5
- IMF actions on, 64
- Italian position, 148
- Japan-U.S., 3, 4, 5
- LDCs, 125, 129
- Offset payments, 52, 201
- Oil crisis and, 209
- Soviet bloc, 125
- Surcharge/quota imposition and, 168
- U.S. position, 37, 39, 147, 148, 160, 161
- Bananas, 124, 290, 307
- Bangladesh:
- Bank of England, 134
- Bank of France, 40, 41, 127, 130
- Bank for International Settlements (BIS), 32, 35, 127
- Bank of Italy, 131
- Barber, Anthony, 7, 10, 16, 17, 23, 52
- Barbian, Paul, 117
- Barnum, James, 280
- Barraclough, William, 228
- Barré, Raymond:
- Bauxite, 124, 260, 261, 287, 307
- Bechtel Corporation, 135
- Beef, 162
- Belgium:
- Bell, Richard E., 77, 262, 280
- Benedick, Richard, 254
- Bennett, Douglas, 89
- Bennett, Jack F., 9, 60, 61, 65
- Bennett, Wallace F., 187, 208, 221
- Biemiller, Andy, 158
- Birnbaum, Phil, 262
- Birnberg, Richard, 263
- Blindness, 310
- Boeker, Paul H., 63, 114, 116, 284, 286
- Boerma, Addeke H., 259
- Boerner, Michael, 224
- Bolivia, 185, 247
- Boumedienne, Houari, 292
- Brandt, Willy:
- Brazil:
- Bauxite production in, 260
- Commodities, 149
- Economic development in, 242, 258
- Economic role of, 58
- Food reserves, 262
- IFC aid to, 298
- International monetary system reform, 40
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 234
- Tokyo Declaration (1973), 185
- United States, relations with, 300
- U.S. imports from, 238, 239, 240
- U.S. protectionism and, 130, 235, 238, 239
- U.S. trade disputes with, 234
- Breeder reactors, 124
- Bremer, L. Paul, 116, 270
- Brennan, Peter J., 162, 181, 215
- Bretton Woods system, 122, 123
- Brezhnev, Leonid:
- Bribery, 138, 140, 147, 149, 309
- Bridgewater, Bernard A., 178, 204, 247, 253, 262
- British Commonwealth Heads of Government meeting, Kingston (May 1975), 124
- British Leyland, 123
- Brock, William, III, 187
- Brooks, Ronald, 47, 154, 160, 204
- Brown, Lester, 310
- Brunet, Jean-Pierre, 40
- Brungart, Robert, 203
- Brunthaver, Carroll, 162, 166, 247
- Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN), 162
- Bryant, Ralph, 60, 62, 76, 81
- Buffer stocks. See Stockpiles Buffum, William B., 263, 278, 299
- Bull, Stephen B., 169
- Burden sharing, 262, 263, 271
- Burke-Hartke Bill (1973), 153, 154, 159, 162, 168, 200
- Burke, James, 154
-
Burns, Arthur, 9, 85, 294
- Consortium loans to Italy, 138
- Exchange rates, 126, 140
- Export controls, 172
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Gold:
- Demonetization of, 70
- EEC Zeist proposal, 63, 65
- Ending of U.S. restraints on sales of, 75, 76
- FRG–U.S. talks on, 89
- Government purchases of, 86, 87, 90, 97, 98, 127
- Martinique summit, 79, 81
- Negotiation of new agreement on, 55, 66, 67, 68, 72
- Sales of, 54
- Termination of 1968 agreement on, 56
- Treasury’s shift in position on, 84
- International monetary system reform, 1, 2, 3, 16, 17, 32, 34, 99
- Monetary supply, 122
- Stockpiles, 293
- Trade Act (1974), 161
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development, 257
- U.S. economic recession, 94
- Bush, George H.W., 131
- Butler, Malcolm, 240, 288
- Butter, 304
-
Butz, Earl, 77, 204, 226
- Critical imported commodities, 255
- Export controls, 170, 172, 180
- Food reserves, 259, 263, 265, 289
- International cooperation in agriculture, 246, 256
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 181, 233, 235
- P.L. 480 food aid, 265, 266, 275, 276, 281, 285
- Trade Act (1974), 193
- World Food Conference, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 276, 280
- Byrd Amendment to Defense Procurement Authorization Bill (1972), 210
-
Callaghan, James, 82
- British economic recession, 94, 135, 136
- East-West trade, 149
- Economic recovery, 148
- Energy, 147, 149
- Inflation, 147, 148
- North-South relations, 147
- Political weakness of, 147
- As Prime Minister, 235
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 139, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 122
- Substitution accounts, 146
- Cambodia, 247, 262
- Camp David conference on inflation (Sept. 1974), 218
- Canada:
- Agricultural exports, 43
- Commodities, 124, 149, 173, 245, 290
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 300
- Exchange rates, 123, 126
- Food Exporters Group proposal, 280
- Food reserves, 262, 263, 301, 310
- Inflation, 147, 148
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 200, 225, 230, 232, 234
- Nationalism in, 149
- Protectionism, 162, 232
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 138, 139
- Rambouillet Economic Summit participation, 102, 103, 105, 106, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115
- Trade statistics, 37
- United States, relations with, 41, 58, 165
- U.S. imports from, 238, 239, 260, 261
- Wheat Board, 162
- Wheat cartel proposal, 38, 41
- Wheat sales by, 253, 280
- Canned hams, 121
- Cannon, James A., III, 99, 294
- Capital flows, 5, 12, 59, 107, 109, 147
- CARE, 247
- Carlson, James, 99
- Cartels, 124, 223, 260, 286, 306
- Carter, James Earl, Jr., 152
- Casey, William J., 3, 28, 54, 178, 191, 204
- Castor Oil, 130, 239
- Ceaucescu, Nicolae, 211
- Central bank placement problem, 32
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 260
- Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), 139
- Ceramic tableware, 240
- Chad, 303
- Charter of Economic Rights and Duties, 286
- Cheese, 235
- Cheney, Richard, 99, 139, 270, 271, 294, 296
- Chicken war, 238
- Chile:
- China, People’s Republic of:
- Agricultural imports, 43
- Downey’s release by, 187
- Economic role of, 58
- Food reserves, 262, 263, 271, 278
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 125
- IMF/IBRD membership for, 43, 53, 58
- International trade in agricultural products, 246
- Nixon visit, 156
- U.S. export controls, 173, 175
- U.S. imports from, 239
- U.S. trade agreements with, 153
- Wheat sales to, 38, 177
- World Food Conference, 251
- China, Republic of:
- Chrome, 211
- Chromium, 260
- Church, Frank F., 140, 144
- Citrus fruits, 178, 239
- Clappier, Bernard, 107, 109
- Clark, Richard C., 275, 276, 281
- Clark, William, Jr., 235
- Clean floats, 5
- Clements, William, 260
- Coal, 124
- Cobalt, 260
- Cocoa, 124, 291, 307
- Coffee, 124, 291, 307
- Cognac, 239
- Colby, William E., 246, 255
- Cole, Kenneth R., Jr., 77, 164, 187, 255, 256, 266, 274
- Collums, Haley, 135, 136, 140, 144
- Colombia, 185
- Colombo, Emilio, 122, 148
- COMECON, 41, 43, 125
- Commerce, U.S. Department of:
- Committee on Reform of the International Monetary System (C–20):
- Commodities. See Agriculture; Grain reserves; Stockpiles; Wheat Commodity agreements, 50, 52, 149, 286, 287, 292
- Commodity consultations, 305
- Commodity Credit Corporation, 162, 252, 253
- Commodity initiatives, 286, 290, 296, 301
- Commodity policy, 287, 290, 292, 293, 295, 305
- Commodity Policy Coordinating Committee, 305, 307
- Common Fund, 151, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308
- Compensatory finance, 290, 305
- Computers, 58
- Conable, Barber, Jr., 187, 194
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC) (1975–1977):
- Agreements, 300
- Debt rescheduling, 143
- Energy Commission, 138, 309
- Energy price increases, 119, 124
- Final meeting of, 149, 309
- Grain reserves, 267, 270, 271
- International monetary system reform, 129
- International Resources Bank, 302, 305
- Preparatory meeting for, 235
- Stockpiles, 149
- Trudeau as co-chair of, 147
- UNCTAD Nairobi meeting, 304
- Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), 45, 200
- Congress, Acts of (see also
P.L. 480
; Trade Act (1974)):
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933), 162
- Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act (1973), 162
- Burke-Hartke Bill (1973), 153, 154, 159, 162, 168, 200
- Byrd Amendment to Defense Procurement Authorization Bill (1972), 210
- Energy Independence Act (1975), 124
- Export Administration Act, 170, 174
- Export Control Act (1949), 206
- Export-Import Bank Authorization Bill (1974), 210
- Farm bill (1973), 153
- Fur embargo, 178
- Interest Equalization Tax legislation, 178
- Johnson Act (1934), 178
- Meat Import Act (1964), 239
- Tariff Act (1930), 153
- Trade Expansion Act (1962), 178
- Trading with the Enemy Act (1917), 170, 174
- Webb-Pomerene Act (1918), 168
- Congress, U.S.:
- Administration liaison actions, 235
- Bribery, 149
- Critical imported commodities, 260
- Debt rescheduling, 306
- East-West trade, 149
- Export controls, 174
- Foreign aid, 297
- Generalized System of Preferences, 236
- IMF Articles of Agreement ratification by, 128
- International Development Association financing, 242
- International monetary system reform, 3
- Minimum safeguard price (MSP), 116
- Private ownership of gold, 39, 55, 65, 80
- Protectionist bias of, 153
- Security assistance cuts by, 114
- Soviet MFN status, 163, 182, 187
- Trade, 149
- UNCTAD Nairobi meeting, 301
- Connally, John B., Jr., 31, 161, 172
- Connor, James, 99
- Conservation programs, 120, 124
- Consultative Group on Food Production and Investment (CGFPI), 310
- Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), 310
- Cook, Richard, 161, 164, 169
- Cooke, Terence J. Cardinal, 279
- Coombs, 32
-
Cooper, Charles, 39, 204, 297
- Commodities, 293
- Currency crisis, 46, 47, 49
- Export controls, 174, 175, 176, 177, 180
- International cooperation in agriculture, 245
- International Development Association replenishment, 243
- P.L. 480 reductions, 247, 253
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 93, 114, 116
- Trade Act (1974), 192
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development, 257, 258
- World Food Conference, 251, 262
- Copper, 124, 149, 260, 287, 301, 307
- Corman, James C., 186
- Corn, 177, 180, 247, 263, 264, 266
- Cost of Living Council, 170
- Cotton, 162, 247, 253, 307
- Cotton, Norris, 187
- Cottonseed, 46, 49, 50, 170
- Cotton yarns, 130, 239
- Council of Economic Advisors (CEA), 264
- Council on International Economic Policy (CIEP):
- Agriculture in multilateral trade negotiations, 166
- Critical imported commodities stockpiles, 260
- Elimination of, 167
- Food reserves, 259, 263, 267, 270, 271
- Grain reserves, 284, 288
- Import quotas, 177
- International cooperation in agriculture, 245, 256
- Meetings, 178, 204
- P.L. 480 food aid, 264
- Trade Act (1974), 202
- World Food Conference, 262, 267
- Council on International Policy Study Memorandum 33, 255, 260, 261
- Countervailing duties, 123, 130, 153, 178, 202, 235, 239
- Couve de Murville, Maurice, 81
- Cranston, Alan, 235
- Critical imported commodities, 255, 260, 261
- Crosland, Anthony, 148
- Cross, Sam Y., 5, 40, 61, 104, 127
- Cuba, 149, 185
- Currency (see also International monetary system reform):
- Czechoslovakia, 294
- Dairy products, 162
- Dale, Francis L., 227, 229
- Dam, Kenneth, 164, 178, 183, 204
- Davignon, Étienne, 116
- Davis, Jeanne, 169, 284
- Deal, Timothy, 240
- Debt, 58, 301, 304
- Debt rescheduling, 143, 306, 309
- Declaration of Tokyo (1973), 123, 125, 147, 185, 200, 203, 224, 236
- De Clercq, Willy, 61
- Defense, U.S. Department of, 52, 160, 260
- Deficiency payments, 166
- De Gaulle, Charles, 42
- Denmark, 22, 32, 35, 40, 95, 146
-
Dent, Frederick, 162, 181, 226
- Commodity policy, 295
- Critical imported commodities, 255, 260
- European economic recession, 131
- Export controls, 170, 172, 180
- Import quotas, 130, 131
- International cooperation in agriculture, 256
- Multilateral trade negotiations:
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 140
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 114, 116
- Trade Act (1974), 178, 204, 206, 239
- Visit to Moscow (Sept.–Oct. 1973), 191
- World Food Conference, 262
- Dent, John Herman, 140
- Den Uyl, Joop, 138
- Détente:
- Development assistance, 58, 83, 309
- Dinitz, Simcha, 211
- Dirty float, 5
- Disaster relief, 251
- Dispute resolution, 149
- Dobbins, James, 117, 118, 119, 120
- Dobrynin, Anatoly, 168, 169, 191, 196, 197, 207, 210, 211, 215
- Downey, John, 187
- Duisenberg, Willem Frederik, 63, 64, 109
- Dumping, 104, 121, 123, 130, 153, 235, 239, 240
- Dunham, Richard, 99
- Dunlop, John:
- Dunn, John M., 114, 116, 262, 289, 297
- DuSault, Phil, 262
- Dutton, William, 37
- Eagleburger, Lawrence, 63
- Earnings stabilization, 290, 293, 295, 298, 309, 310
- Eastern Europe (see also individual countries):
- East-West trade:
- East-West Trade Board, 239
- Easum, Donald, 63
- Eberle, William, 162, 181, 204
- Economic development assistance, 83, 309
- Economic interdependence, limits to, 58
- Economic Policy Board:
- Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), 149, 278
- Economic Stabilization Program Phase IV, 46, 48, 49, 176
- Economic stimulus measures, 95, 138
- Economic stockpiles, 260, 261, 286, 290
- Ecuador, 185, 239
- Egypt, 189, 258, 262
- U.S. economic aid to, 263, 264, 280, 309
- Ehrlichman, John, 4, 9, 12, 157, 163, 164, 194
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 243
- Eisenhower, Julie, 256
- Elections:
- Electronic products, 239
- Eliot, Theodore, 166
- Elizabeth II, Queen, 122
- Ellerman, A. Denny, 264, 282
- Ely, Michael, 301
- Embargoes, 260
- Emminger, Otmar, 109
- Employment upgrading mechanisms, 153
- Enders, Thomas O., 99, 117
- Energy (see also Oil):
- Energy Independence Act (1975), 124
- Equilibrium systems, 17
- Erb, Richard, 204
- Escovar Salom, Ramon, 304
- Eurodollars, 32
- European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (FEOGA), 166
- European Economic Community (EEC) (see also individual countries):
- 113 Committee, 203
- Agricultural exports, 43
- Banning of hard wheat exports by, 180
- As commodity exporter, 290
- Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), 28
- Coordination in approaches to LDCs, 306
- Deficiency payments, 166
- Economic independence from the United States, 58
- Energy cooperation, 124
- Enlargement of, 22, 40, 159
- Exchange rates, 126
- Food Exporters Group proposal, 280
- Food reserves, 262, 263
- Free trade agreement with Sweden, 40
- Gold, 54, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68
- Joint float agreement (Mar. 1973), 32, 35
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 153, 203, 224, 225, 226, 230
- Oil crisis, 5
- Preferential trading arrangements, 156, 159
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit and, 138, 143
- Reverse preferences with LDCs, 38
- Surcharges on imports, 40
- Tariff and nontariff practices in, 29, 37, 162
- United States, relations with, 29, 30, 45, 165, 234
- U.S. export controls, 173, 175
- U.S. position, 162
- U.S. protectionism in, 238
- U.S. view of, 147, 156, 159
- Wheat sales, 253
- European economic recession (see also U.S. economic recession; specific countries):
- European integration:
- European Security Conference, 16
- Europe’s role in the world, 38
- Exchange rates:
- Agreements on, 126, 127, 128, 129
- British position, 108
- Capital flows and, 107, 109
- Currencies’ fall in value, 130
- Europe, 160
- Flexibility in system of, 58
- French position, 98, 101, 114, 121, 123, 131
- French-U.S. discussion of, 40, 41, 42, 107, 126
- Instability in, 107, 112
- Japan, 123, 126, 146, 160
- U.S. position, 3, 98, 101, 112, 114
- Volatility in, 146
- Export Administration Act, 170, 174
- Export Control Act (1949), 206
- Export controls:
- Export-Import Bank, 104, 168, 183, 186, 195, 260, 261
- Export-Import Bank Authorization Bill (1974), 210
- Exports (see also Export controls):
- Expropriation of foreign-owned property, 58, 121
- Fairbanks, Richard, 256
- Famine, 309, 310
- Federal Reserve, 86
- Feed grains, 170
- Feldman, Mark, 263
- Fellner, William J., 67
- Ferrochrome, 260
- Fertilizer, 267, 280
- Feuerbach, Ludwig, 310
- Fiji, 304
- Financial Support Fund, 133, 134, 135, 142, 148
- Finlandization, 45
- FitzGerald, William G.H., 26
-
Flanigan, Peter, 155, 181, 183, 186, 203,
208, 260
- Agriculture as multilateral trade negotiations topic, 165, 166
- Balance of payments, 3
- CIEP elimination, 167
- Critical imported commodities, 255
- Export controls, 172
- Gold, 54, 66, 67
- International cooperation in agriculture, 256
- International Development Association, 243
- International monetary system reform, 1
- MFN option paper, 167, 169
- Mills visits with, 161, 163
- Nixon-Pompidou meeting (Reykjavik, May–June 1973), 39
- North-South relations, P.L. 480 food aid, 253
- Soames-Nixon meetings, 159, 160
- Trade Act (1974):
- Administration’s objectives in Senate for, 204
- Arguments in favor of, 153
- Description of, 168
- Dobrynin discussion with, 196, 197
- Effect of failure to pass, 200
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 188, 190
- Role in, 194
- Schedule for hearings on, 163, 164
- Status in committee of, 178
- Timing for House action on, 189, 198, 199, 201
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development, 257
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 43, 124, 251, 254, 262, 278, 310
- Food Aid Convention, 253
- Food Exporters Group proposal, 280
- Food for Peace Program. See P.L. 480
- Food policy, 256, 310
- Food prices, 258
- Food production, 251, 256, 310
- Food reserves. See Grain reserves; Stockpiles.
- Food security, 230, 310
- Ford, Betty, 218
-
Ford, Gerald R., 226
- Balance of payments, 148
- Bribery, 149
- Commodities, 292, 294
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 300
- East-West trade, 125, 149, 150
- Economic development assistance, 83, 309
- Energy, 112, 124, 147, 149
- European economic recession, 131
- Exchange rates, 98, 123, 128
- Four-power secret meeting of Finance Ministers, Paris (Oct. 1976), 151
- Giscard correspondence, 100, 105, 110, 117, 237
- Gold:
- Grain reserves, 291
- Import quotas, 131
- Inflation, 147, 148
- International Fund for Agricultural Development, 293, 298
- International Monetary Fund:
- International monetary system reform, 98, 99
- International Resources Bank, 302, 303
- Investment, 147, 149
- LDCs, 294
- London Economic Summit (May 1977), 152
- Miki correspondence, 100, 117
- Moro correspondence, 100, 108, 117
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 149, 231, 232, 236, 237, 241
- New York City debt crisis, 109, 123
- North-South relations, 149, 150
- Oil prices, 124
- Protectionism, 122
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit:
- Rambouillet Economic Summit:
- Canadian participation, 103, 105, 106, 110, 111, 113, 115
- Carlton Group preparatory meeting, 119
- Communiqué for summit, 124
- Discussions at, 122, 123, 124, 125
- Italian participation in, 103, 105, 108
- Joint announcement of, 102
- Planning meetings for, 103
- Preparation for, 116
- Shultz discussions in Europe, 102
- U.S. goals for, 121
- Schmidt correspondence, 89, 100, 108, 117, 137
- Schmidt meeting (July 1975), 94
- Soviet MFN status, 169
- Trade, 123, 149
- Trade Act (1974):
- Administration discussions with Sen. Jackson, 210, 211, 215, 216, 220, 221
- Draft of language for granting MFN status, 213, 214
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 191
- International trade as impacted by, 240
- Passage and signing of, 223
- Principles of agreement on proposed waiver of, 222
- Schedule for hearings on, 161
- Three letters issue, 217, 218, 219
- U.S. trade policy and, 239
- Trudeau correspondence, 114
- UNCTAD Nairobi meeting, 147
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 296, 298
- Uranium enrichment, 292
- U.S. economic recession, 82, 94
- Visits:
- Wilson correspondence, 82, 100, 108, 111, 116, 117
- World Food Conference, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272
- Fosdick, Dorothy, 207, 217, 218
- Fourcade, Jean-Pierre, 79, 114, 125, 148
- Four-power secret meeting of Finance Ministers, Paris (Oct. 1976), 151
- Fox, Lawrence A., 178, 204, 262
- France:
- Article 24:6 negotiations, 49
- Bank loans to Soviet Bloc nations, 149
- Commodities, 43, 50, 52, 149
- East-West trade, 125, 149
- Economic situation, 91, 131, 135
- Economic stimulus measures, 95
- Elections (Mar. 1973), 7, 16, 24, 26, 31
- Elections (May 1974), 63, 64, 65
- Elections (Mar. 1977), 121
- European economic recession, 96, 123
- European integration, 17, 45, 69
- Exchange rates, 40, 41, 42, 98, 101, 107, 114, 121, 123, 126, 130, 131, 146
- Federal Republic of Germany, relations with, 7
- Finance ministers meeting (Nov. 1973), 57
- Gold:
- International monetary system reform, 10, 26, 43, 49, 50
- Japan, relations with, 38
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 112, 123, 224, 236, 237
- Oil price pressure on, 64, 80
- Political parties, 24, 26, 121, 147
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 136, 138, 139, 142, 147
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 93, 103, 105, 107, 111, 115, 120, 121
- Unemployment, 91, 148
- United States, relations with, 52, 128, 129
- U.S. imports from, 238
- Wheat cartel proposal, 38, 41
- Frank, Charles, 286
- Frelinghuysen, Peter, 216
- Friderichs, Hans, 34, 94
- Friedersdorf, Max, 99, 187
- Fruits and vegetables, 162
- Fukuda Takeo, 146
- Fulbright, J. William, 216
- G–10 meetings, 83, 85, 126
- Gammon, Samuel, 182, 260
- Gardner, Stephen, 280, 297
- Garment, Leonard, 187, 189, 194
- Garten, Jeffrey, 286, 301
- Gehlhoff, Walter, 94
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):
- Agriculture, 162, 193
- Articles of Agreement, 178, 185, 232
- Committee on Trade in Industrial Products (CTIP), 165
- Critical imported commodities issues in, 260
- Dispute resolution, 149
- Domestic International Sales Corporation (DISC) provisions, 239
- FRG position, 122
- Institutional reform of, 232
- International economy as market economy, 58
- Kennedy Round, 123
- Meetings:
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 153
- People’s Republic of China’s role in, 125
- Safeguard system, 36, 185
- Self-sufficiency in food and fuels, 58
- Soviet role in, 125
- Tariffs on aircraft imports, 10
- Tokyo Round, 123, 125
- Trade Act, 38, 202
- Trade liberalization, 149
- Trade Negotiating Committee, 185, 193, 203, 204, 205, 224, 229, 230
- U.S. position, 28
- Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), 157, 168, 200, 223, 234, 236, 239, 301
- General Services Administration (GSA), 260
- Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, 94, 109, 122, 148, 304
- Gentlemen’s Agreement on Export Credits, 125
- Gergen, David, 50, 243
- Germany, Democratic Republic of, 262
- Germany, Federal Republic of (FRG):
- Balance of payments with the United States, 3, 5
- Bank loans to Soviet Bloc nations, 149
- Commodities, 149, 304
- Coordination in approaches to LDCs, 306
- East-West trade, 125, 148, 149
- Economic recession in, 91, 94
- Economic stimulus measures, 95
- Elections (Oct. 1976), 138, 147
- Exchange rates, 123, 126
- Finance ministers meeting (France, Nov. 1973), 57
- France, relations with, 7
- French view of, 38
- GNP decrease in, 122
- Gold, 44, 56, 60, 61, 63, 86, 88, 89, 95, 98
- Import quotas, 130
- Integrated Commodity Program proposal, 309
- International monetary system reform:
- Loans to Italy, 75
- Offset payments, 201
- Political parties, 26, 147, 212
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 137, 142
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 95, 103, 105, 109, 120, 121, 292
- Raw materials as lacking in, 124
- Shultz visit, 133, 134, 135, 137
- Socialism in, 294
- Soviet agreement on emigration with, 211
- Unemployment, 122, 148
- U.S. imports from, 238
- Gerrymandering, 26
- Gerstacker, Carl, 160
- Gierek, Edward, 148
-
Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry:
- Commodity agreements, 292
- East-West trade, 125, 149
- Economic recovery, 148
- Election as President of France, 65
- Energy, 124, 147
- European economic recession, 135
- European integration, 69
- Exchange rates, 109, 121, 123, 130, 131
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Ford correspondence, 100, 105, 110, 117, 237
- GATT meeting, Tokyo (Sept. 1973), 42, 123
- Gold, 38, 39, 42, 68, 78, 79
- Inflation, 148
- International Energy Conference, 294
- International monetary system reform, 7, 10, 26, 34, 48
- Italian financial aid needs, 148
- Kissinger meeting (July 1973), 49
- London Economic Summit (May 1977), 152
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 123
- New York City debt crisis, 123
- North-South relations, 147
- Political weakness of, 147
- Pompidou-Nixon meeting in Reykjavik (May–June 1973), 42
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 136, 138, 141, 147, 148
- Rambouillet Economic Summit:
- Shultz meetings, 40, 48, 102
- Tokyo Declaration, 236
- U.S. economic recession, 91, 92, 94
- U.S.-French relations, 52
- Visits:
- Glitman, Maynard, 224, 229
- Global Information and Early Warning System, 310
- Gold (see also
International monetary system reform):
- Demonetization of, 61, 63, 68, 70, 78, 98, 101, 128, 129
- EEC Zeist proposal, 63, 64, 65, 68
- French revaluation of reserves, 97
- French-U.S. agreement on, 126
- French-U.S. talks on, 10, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41
- FRG–U.S. talks on, 89
- Government purchases of:
- IMF account for LDCs funded by sales of, 83, 85, 87, 98, 101, 108, 121, 124, 128, 129
- Interim Committee meeting on, 100, 101
- Negotiation of new agreement on, 55, 62, 66, 67, 68, 69, 72, 73, 83, 85
- 1968 agreement on, 56, 81
- Pricing of:
- Private ownership, 3
- Soviet-U.S. talks on, 36
- Special Drawing Rights as replacement for, 69
- Treasury shift in position on, 84
- Two-tier market in, 3
- U.S. actions on, possible, 60
- U.S. negotiating options on, 61
- U.S. sales of, 44, 46, 54, 60, 61, 62
- Gold, Joseph, 126
- Gold, Ruth, 306
- Goldfinger, Nat, 158
- Golf carts, 238
- Gompert, David, 270
- Goodman, Richard, 178, 204, 229
- Gorog, William, 303
- Grain deficits, 310
- Grain reserves (see also Agriculture; Stockpiles):
- Gray, James, 124
-
Greenspan, Alan, 77, 86, 87
- Commodities, 292, 294
- Economic recovery, 144
- European economic recession, 131, 133, 134
- Government purchases of gold, 89, 90
- Grain reserves, 289, 290
- Import quantitative restrictions, 130
- International monetary system reform, 99
- P.L. 480 food aid, 266, 276
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 134, 135, 136, 140, 145, 147, 150
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 114, 116
- Trade Act (1974), 161
- U.S. economic recession, 94
- World Food Conference, 269, 273, 274, 280
- Greenwald, Joseph A., 140, 180, 238, 245, 306
- Griffin, Robert, 187
- Gromyko, Andrei, 63, 210, 215, 219
- Group of 77, 124, 149, 286, 299, 301, 304
- Guenther, Kenneth, 224, 228
- Guinea, 260
- Gundelach, Olav, 236
- Gunning, David M., 178
- Guyana, 140, 304
- “Gymnich Encyclical,” 149
- Haferkamp, Wilhelm, 148
- Haig, Alexander M., Jr.:
- Haldeman, H.R., 9, 160
- Ham, 121, 235, 236, 238
- Hamilton, Lee, 114
- Handbags, 130, 239
- Hannah, John, 263, 293
- Hansen, Roger, 183
- Harlow, Bryce, 187, 201
- Harriman, W. Averell, 279
- Hartke, Rupert Vance, 154
- Hartman, Arthur, 94, 111, 115
- Hartmann, Robert, 99
- Hatfield, Mark O., 275, 276, 285
- Havana Charter, 123
- Hayes, Alfred, 16, 17
- Hays, Wayne, 144
- Head, Ivan, 115
- Healey, Denis, 122, 140, 148, 151, 235
- Heath, Edward:
- Heller, Walter, 161
- Helsinki Conference (1975), 95
- Hendrix College, 157
- Hesburgh, Theodore, 279
- Hijzen, Theodore, 203, 227, 229, 236
- Hillenbrand, Martin, 9, 34, 37, 94
- Hinton, Deane R., 178, 204
- Hiss, Dieter, 103
-
Hormats, Robert D., 1, 78, 89
- Commodity policy, 290, 293, 295
- Currency crisis, 49
- European economic recession, 131
- Four-power secret meeting of Finance Ministers (Paris, Oct. 1976), 151
- Grain reserve negotiations, 284
- Import quotas, 130
- International monetary system reform, 1
- P.L. 480 food aid, 283, 285
- Protectionism, 236
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 136, 140, 141, 144, 145
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 112, 114, 116
- Shultz-Giscard meeting (Reykjavik, May 1973), 40
- Trade Act (1974), 212
- World Food Conference, 270, 271, 273, 280
- Horticulture, 162
- Hosomi Takashi, 5, 21
- House of Representatives, U.S.:
- Hullin, Tod, 163
- Humphrey, Hubert H., 216, 259, 265, 275, 276, 281, 284
- Hungary, 294
- Hunt, Sir John, 112, 118, 119, 120
- Hyland, William G., 63
- Imports:
- Inamura Koichi, 5, 13, 21
- India, 124
- Indochina, 94, 242, 243, 253, 258, 264, 282
- Indonesia, 160
- Inflation:
- Breakdown of Bretton Woods system due to, 122
- Camp David conference on (Sept. 1974), 218
- Canada, 147, 148
- Food productivity levels and, 256, 310
- France, 122
- FRG position, 44, 148
- Growth of domestic liquidity and, 98
- Iran’s effect on, 148
- Italy, 122, 147, 148
- Japan, 122, 147
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit on, 141, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit on, 104, 117, 122
- Saudi Arabia’s effect on, 148
- United Kingdom, 122, 147, 148
- U.S. actions to control, 44, 46
- U.S. position, 46, 147, 148
- Ingersoll, Robert S., 77
- Insurance, 241
- Integrated Commodity Program proposal, 301, 306, 309
- Intellectual property, 301
- Interamerican Conference proposal, 304
- Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), 242
- Interior, U.S. Department of, 260
- International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (World Bank) (see also International Development Association):
- International Development Association (IDA) (see also International Bank of Reconstruction and Development; Less-developed countries; North-South relations), 40, 53
- International economic policy, 309
- International Energy Agency (IEA), 119, 121, 124, 147, 149, 293
- International Energy Conference, Paris (Apr. 1975), 291
- International Fertilizer Supply Scheme (IFSS), 310
- International Finance Corporation (IFC), 242, 298
- International food policy, 256, 310
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), 310
- International Food Review Group, 273, 274, 277, 278, 280, 284, 288, 289
- International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), 293, 298, 310
- International Grains Arrangement (1967), 162
- International Labor Conference, Geneva (June 1975), 294
- International Monetary Fund (IMF):
- Agreement on strengthening of, 59
- Articles of Agreement:
- Balance of payments lending fund, 64
- British standby borrowing from, 151
- Compensatory Financing Facility, 146, 305
- Currency rules of, 40
- Development Committee, 83, 85, 87, 128
- Development Security Facility, 121, 126
- General arrangements to borrow (GAB), 142, 146, 148, 151
- FRG–U.S. talks on, 9
- Gold:
- Abolition of official price for, 101
- Demonetization of, 78, 98, 101
- French position on sales of, 81
- LDC account funded by sales of, 83, 85, 87, 98, 101, 108, 121, 124, 128, 129
- Pricing of, 55, 56, 61, 66, 72, 73, 81, 86
- Proposed understanding on, 85
- U.S. position on sales of, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 72
- Interim Committee, 98
- International monetary system reform, 3, 40
- Joint float agreement (Mar. 1973), 32, 35
- Liberalization of compensatory financing mechanism, 297
- Meetings, 95, 151, 153
- Mexican loans from, 151
- Oil facility, 83
- Oil producers aid fund, 258
- People’s Republic of China’s role in, 43, 53, 58
- Quotas, 83, 87, 95, 97, 101, 108
- Romanian membership, 43, 125
- Soviet membership in, 41, 43, 58
- Stockpiles financed by, 290
- Third Window proposal, 83
- Trade talks linked to, 185
- Veto requirement reduction, 101, 108
- World Food Conference and, 278
- International Monetary Group (IMG), 127
- International monetary system reform (see
also
Currency; Gold):
- Agreement on, Jamaica (Jan. 1976), 128, 129, 142, 145, 147, 301
- Background of, 39
- British-FRG talks, 15, 16, 34, 37
- British position, 22, 27
- British-U.S. talks, 2
- Capital controls, elimination of, 5, 12
- Currency crisis, 21, 22, 25, 44, 47
- Change to multipolar system, 58
- Convertibility, 40, 41, 42, 57
- Dollar devaluation, 12, 16, 41, 162
- Dollar overhang, 29
- Dollar speculation, 14
- Europe as affected by, 49
- Foreign policy importance of intervention in, 46, 49
- G–10 communiqué, 32, 34
- Japanese currency revaluation, 3, 5, 11, 13, 26, 40
- Paris meeting (Mar. 1973), 32
- Undervaluation of the dollar, 48, 49
- U.S. discussions on, 16, 17, 24, 26
- U.S. position, 18, 19, 20, 23, 46, 49, 52
- Currency reserves composition, 29
- EEC–U.S. differences over, 31, 33
- European integration and, 17
- French position, 43, 49, 50
- French-U.S. talks, 26, 32, 36, 38, 39, 47, 48, 91, 92
- FRG-French talks, 6, 10
- FRG position, 6, 16, 25, 26, 44
- FRG–U.S. talks, 25, 27, 30, 37
- International concertation of economic action, 95
- Italian position, 27
- Japanese position, 21
- Japanese-U.S. balance of payments, 3, 4, 5
- LDC positions, 129
- Ministerial discussions on, 201
- Outline of Reform draft, 65
- Pace of, 1
- Planning for, 3, 5, 16, 17, 28, 29, 31
- U.S. negotiating strategies for, 52, 98, 99
- U.S. proposals for, 7, 8
- U.S. view of European role in, 16, 17, 18, 19
- International Resources Bank (IRB), 143, 149, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 309
- International Trade Commission, 130, 238, 239
- International Wheat Agreement (1971), 162, 230
- International Wheat Council (IWC), 162, 230, 233, 234, 278, 310
- Investment:
- Iran, 83, 94, 124, 148, 300
- Iraq, 124, 304
- Ireland, 22, 32, 40, 224
- Iron blue pigments, 240
- Iron ore, 260, 287, 307
- Irwin, John N., II, 40, 45, 48
- Israel:
- Italy:
- Bribery, 140, 147
- Commodities, 149
- Currency float, 33
- Dual-exchange system, 2
- East-West trade, 104, 112, 119, 121, 125, 149
- Economic recession in, 69, 94, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 309
- European integration, 17
- Exchange rates, 123, 130, 146
- FRG loans to, 75
- Gold, 56, 60, 61
- International financial aid to, 75, 138, 145, 146, 147, 148, 151
- International monetary system reform, 27
- Oil price pressure on, 64
- Political parties, 94, 103, 121, 130, 131, 136, 138, 139
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 102, 103, 105, 108, 111, 121
- As socialist, 294
- Special Drawing Rights, 109
- Two-tier gold market, 3
- Unemployment, 122
- U.S. imports from, 130, 238, 239
- Jackson, Henry M.:
- Jackson, John, 178, 202, 207
- Jackson-Vanik Amendment. See under Trade Act
- Jamaica, 260
- Japan:
- Agricultural imports, 43, 239
- Balance of payments with the United States, 3, 4, 5
- Bribery, 140, 147
- Coal exports, 114
- Commodities, 149, 245
- Currency revaluation, 3, 5, 11, 13, 26, 40
- East-West trade, 149
- Energy shortages, 124
- Exchange rates, 123, 126, 146, 160
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- As food aid donor, 251, 310
- Food reserves, 262, 263, 310
- France, relations with, 38
- Gold, 60, 63, 86
- Inflation, 122, 147
- International monetary system reform, 5, 17, 21, 36, 40
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 112, 121, 147, 149, 153, 200, 225, 232, 234
- Nixon China visit, 156
- As part of U.S. bloc, 30
- Political parties, 121, 147
- Protectionism in, 160, 238
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 11, 96, 103, 120, 121
- Tariff and nontariff practices in, 162
- Unemployment in, 122
- U.S. export controls, 173, 175
- U.S. import quotas on products of, 130, 168
- U.S. imports from, 234, 238, 239, 240, 260
- U.S. negotiating leverage with, 165
- U.S. trade balance with, 41
- Wheat sales to, 38, 235
- Javits, Jacob K.:
- Jayne, Edward, 178, 204
- Jenkins, Kempton, 263
- Jobert, Michel, 38, 41, 42, 45, 49
- Johnson Act (1934), 178
- Johnson, Gale, 181
- Johnson Group, 166
- Joint economic commissions, 309
- Joint Export Associations, 168
- Joint float agreement (Mar. 1973), 32, 35
- Joint floats, 16, 17, 22, 24, 25, 27, 32, 35, 94
- Jones, Jerry, 69, 74, 77, 222
- Jordan, 247
- Justice, U.S. Department of, 174
- Jute, 307
- Kames, Gerald, 303
- Karth, Joseph, 202
- Katz, Julius L., 77, 245, 252, 278, 286, 290, 295
- Kearns, Henry, 186
- Kehrli, Bruce A., 161
- Kelly, William B., Jr., 224, 229
- Kendall, Donald, 160, 186
- Kennedy, Richard T., 169, 245, 247, 264, 273, 282
- Kennedy Round, 37, 149, 160, 166, 224, 225, 253
- Kirkland, Lane, 158
-
Kissinger, Henry A., 2, 6, 9, 87, 117,
162, 181, 183, 187, 260
- Administration’s Congressional liaison actions, 235
- Commodities, 255, 286, 294, 296
- Commodity policy, 290, 292, 293, 295
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 300
- East-West Trade, 149, 150
- Energy, 124, 293
- European economic recession, 131, 133, 134
- European integration, 17, 33, 69
- Exchange rates, 129
- Export controls, 171, 174, 176, 177, 180
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Giscard meeting (July 1973), 49
- Gold, 61, 63, 79
- Grain reserves, 284, 288, 289, 291
- IMF trust fund proposal, 83
- Import quotas, 131
- International cooperation in agriculture, 245,
256
- International Development Association, 242, 243, 248
- International economic policy actions and issues, 309
- International Finance Corporation, 298
- International food policy, 310
- International monetary system reform:
- Japan as seen by, 17, 38
- Luxembourg, 144
- MFN option paper, 169
- Middle East, 124
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 235, 236, 237
- North-South relations, 149, 150, 295
- OAS speech (Apr. 1974), 258
- Pompidou-Nixon meeting, Reykjavik (May–June 1973), 38, 39, 41, 42, 50
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit:
- Rambouillet Economic Summit:
- Agreement on approach to, 104
- Canadian participation in, 103, 106, 111, 115
- Carlton Group preparatory meeting on, 118, 119
- Discussions at, 122, 125
- French-U.S. talks on, 107
- FRG–U.S. talks on, 109
- Initial discussions on, 96
- Italian participation in, 103
- Joint announcement of, 102
- Preparation for, 114, 116, 235
- Scenario for, 112
- Shultz discussions in Europe, 102
- U.S. goals for, 121
- Solidarity Fund, 83
- Soviet MFN status, 167, 168
- Trade Act (1974):
- Administration conflicts over strategy on, 194, 195
- Administration discussions with Sen. Jackson, 210, 211, 214, 220, 221, 223
- Bipartisan leadership breakfast discussion on, 216, 218
- Credits to Soviet Union, 198
- Draft of language for granting MFN status, 214
- Eberle’s request for guidance on, 212
- Effect of failure to pass, 200
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 178, 182, 184, 186, 188, 190, 191, 207, 208
- Scenario for, 197
- Three letters issue, 217, 218, 219
- Timing for House action on, 189, 192, 198, 199, 201
- UNCTAD Nairobi meeting, 301, 303, 304, 306
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development speech, 257, 258, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299
- U.S.-EEC-Japanese economic relationship, 58
- U.S. Special Fund for LDCs, 257
- U.S. as world leader, 150
- Visits:
- Africa (Apr.–May 1976), 303, 304
- Alexandria, Jerusalem (Aug. 1975), 236
- Bonn (May 1975), 292
- Bonn (July 1975), 94
- Damascus, Jerusalem (May 1974), 208
- Europe (July 1975), 92
- Europe (May 1976), 136, 139
- Geneva (Apr. 1974), 63
- Iran (Nov. 1974), 280
- Japan (Feb. 1973), 3
- Japan (Nov. 1974), 278
- Latin America (June 1976), 140
- Martinique (Dec. 1974), 80
- Middle East (Aug.–Sept. 1975), 296, 298
- Paris (May 1973), 38
- Paris (June 1973), 41
- Paris (Oct. 1973), 248
- Paris (May 1975), 87
- Paris (May 1976), 136
- Paris (June 1976), 136
- Reykjavik (June 1973), 41
- Rome (Nov. 1974), 273
- Santiago (June 1976), 304
- Tokyo (Oct. 1975), 111
- Turkey (May 1975), 290
- Washington Energy Conference, 59
- Wheat cartel proposal, 38, 41
- World Food Conference, 251, 256, 263, 267
- Klasen, Karl, 44, 56, 86, 89
- Korea, Republic of:
- Korologos, Tom, 169, 187
- Kosciusko-Morizet, Jacques, 103, 138
- Kosygin, Alexei, 149, 191
- Kubisch, Jack, 63
- Kudirka, Simas, 216
- Kuriyama Shigemitsu, 5
- Kuwait, 124
- Labor unions, 148, 153
- Labor, U.S. Department of, 236
- Laffer, Arthur, 94
- Laird, Melvin, 201
- Lakeland, Pete, 218
- Lardinois, Pierre, 176, 263
- Larosiere, Jacques de, 107, 109, 114, 127
- Latin America, 31, 157, 159, 200, 234
- Law of the Sea, 304, 309
- Lazarus, Steven, 186
- Lead, 260, 287
- Le Duc Tho, 41
- Lehman, John, 169
- Less-developed countries (LDCs) (see also
Agriculture; International
Development Association; North-South
relations):
- Arms sales to, 148
- Balance of payments deficits in, 125, 129
- Commodities, 149, 245, 294, 309
- Commodity agreements, 286, 287
- Developed country coordination in approaches to, 306, 309
- Dollar as reserve asset, 129
- Externalizing economic failure in, 258
- Financial deficits of, 122
- Food production in, 43, 251, 310
- Generalized preferences for, 157, 168, 200, 223, 234, 236, 239, 301
- Gold reserves, 63, 67
- IMF account funded by gold sales for, 83, 85, 87, 98, 101, 108, 121, 124, 128, 129
- Investment in raw materials promoted in, 290, 302
- Multilateral trade talks and, 185, 232, 239, 301
- OPEC alliance, 300, 301, 309
- Private bank loans to, 109
- Reverse preferences, 38
- Service sector in, 241
- Soviet bloc aid to, 149
- Super tranche proposal, 142, 148
- Swap network proposal, 297
- U.S. economic aid to, 309
- U.S. export controls, 173
- U.S. leadership role in, 112
- U.S. Special Fund for, 257
- Washington Energy Conference role of, 59
- Levi, Edward, 144
- Lewis, Samuel, 262, 306
- Libya, 124, 304
- Lockheed bribery scandal, 140, 147
- Lome Convention (1975), 124, 287
- London School of Economics, 294
- London Times, 306
- Long, Olivier, 203, 227, 229, 236
- Long, Russell B., 187, 208, 211, 212, 216, 222
- Lord, Winston, 260
- Luxembourg, 32, 35, 95, 144, 149
- Luyten, Paul, 224
- Lynn, James T., 86, 289, 291, 294
- MacAvoy, Paul, 297
- Macdonald, David R., 236
- Macdonald, Donald S., 148
- MacEachen, Allan J., 148, 149
- Mahgreb, 37
- Mailliard, William, 187
- Malaysia, 149, 239
- Mali, 303
- Malmgren, Harald B., 40, 204, 224, 226, 227, 229, 262, 267, 280
- Malnutrition, 310
- Managed floats, 104
- Manganese, 260
- Manila Declaration, 149
- Mansfield, Michael J., 169, 211, 212, 216, 221
- Marei, Sayed Ahmed, 263, 278
- Market intervention, 257
- Marsh, John O., Jr., 89, 99, 186, 214
- Martin, Edwin, 259, 262, 263, 278, 310
- Martinique summit, 78, 79, 80, 81, 224
- Martin, William McChesney, Jr., 5
- Mauritania, 303
- Maw, Carlyle E., 63, 263
- McCloskey, Robert, 63
- McFarlane, Robert, 284
- McGovern, George, 265, 266
- McNamara, Robert, 40, 242, 243, 248, 249, 250, 278
- Meany, George, 3, 158, 194, 215
- Meat, 239, 307
- Meat Import Act (1964), 239
- Media, 42, 112, 122, 144
- Meet the Press, 163
- Mercury, 260
- Mexico:
- Michel, Robert, 187
- Middle East, 124, 258, 264, 282
-
Miki Takeo, 94, 96
- Bribery, 147
- Economic recovery, 148
- Energy, 124, 147, 149
- European economic recession, 134
- Exchange rates, 123
- Ford correspondence, 100, 117
- GATT’s Tokyo Round, 123
- Inflation, 147
- Investment, 149
- Multilateral Trade Negotiations, 149
- Multinational corporation code of conduct, 149
- North-South relations, 123, 147, 149
- Political weakness of, 147
- Protectionism, 123
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 139, 140, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 104, 112, 121, 122, 123, 124
- Trade, 104, 112, 147, 149
- Visit to United States (Aug. 1975), 124
- Milligan, Robert S., 262
- Mills, Wilbur:
- Minerals development, 260, 261, 298
- Minimum safeguard price (MSP), 112, 114, 116, 121, 124
- Mitchell, Sir Derek, 119, 120, 143
- Mitterand, François, 147
- Miyazawa Kiichi, 122, 125, 148, 304
- Moersch, Karl, 6
- Mondale, Walter, 235
- Monetary supply, 122
- Morgan, Thomas E., 183, 186, 216
-
Moro, Aldo, 75
- Balance of payments, 148
- Bribery, 147
- Commodity prices, 124
- East-West trade, 104, 112, 119, 121, 125, 149
- Economic recovery, 148
- Energy, 147, 149
- Exchange rates, 108, 123
- Ford correspondence, 100, 108, 117
- Inflation, 147, 148
- North-South relations, 147
- Political weakness of, 147
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, statements at, 139, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 103, 105, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125
- Resignation and reinstatement of, 131
- Trade issues, 123, 149
- Morris, Robert, 178, 204, 262, 278, 286
- Morton, Rogers C.B., 99, 255, 294
- Most Favored Nation (MFN) status:
- Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 236, 293, 294, 295, 298, 299
- Multi-Fiber Arrangement, 239
- Multilateral trade negotiations agriculture discussions, 162, 185
- Multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) (see also
Multilateral trade negotiations agriculture
discussions):
- Agreement for start of, 153
- Agriculture Group, 193, 230, 233
- “Agriculture in the MTN” paper (USDA), 162, 165, 166
- Canadian position, 200, 225, 230
- Cereal grains group, 227, 228
- Deadline for completion of, 149, 150
- Early decisions in, 239
- Export controls’ effect on, 175
- Export of U.S. jobs by, 160
- Food reserves and, 268, 310
- French position, 112, 123
- French-U.S. disagreements in, 236
- GATT institutional reform, 232
- Japanese position, 112, 121, 147, 149
- LDCs and, 185, 232, 239, 301
- Nontariff Measures (NTM) Group, 230, 233
- Protectionism and, 235, 236, 237
- Services and, 241
- Supply access agreements, 295
- Tariff Group, 230, 233
- Trade Act impact on, 193, 226
- U.S.–EEC disagreement on talks on agriculture in, 203, 224
- U.S. negotiating objectives, 162, 231, 232, 234
- U.S. negotiating options and procedures, 162, 226, 231
- U.S. position, 117, 122, 123, 147, 181, 185
- Multinational corporations, 58, 124, 140, 149, 155, 306
- Mushrooms, 239
- Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR), 16, 149, 169
- National Advisory Council, 242
- National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), 279
- Nationalism, 149
- National Security Council (NSC), 188, 260, 264, 307
- National Security Study Memorandum 187 , 245, 246, 251, 252
- National Security Study Memorandum 197 , 255, 260, 261
- National Security Study Memorandum 206 , 261
- Natural gas, 124
- Nelson, Gaylord, 235
- Nelson, James, 37
- Nessen, Ronald, 99, 294
- Netherlands:
- New Economic Policy, 3, 156
- New international economic order, 149, 257, 293, 294, 299, 306, 309
- New York City debt crisis, 109, 123
- New York Times, 58, 106, 169, 223, 275, 285
- New Zealand, 123, 149
- Nickel, 260
- Niehuss, John, 178, 204
- Niger, 303
-
Nixon, Richard M., 34
- Asian Development Bank, 242, 243, 244
- Balanced budget, 48
- Brandt correspondence, 6, 9, 15, 16, 18, 31
- Critical imported commodities, 255
- Economic reform process, 153
- Export controls, 46, 59, 171, 172, 174
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Gold, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71
- Heath correspondence, 19, 22, 23
- International Development Association, 242, 243, 248
- International monetary system reform:
- MFN status, 187
- Mills meetings, 155, 157
- North-South relations, 253, 259, 265
- Pompidou correspondence, 43, 47, 50, 51
- Pompidou meetings:
- Price controls, 174, 175
- Resignation of, 210
- Soames meetings, 159, 160
- Tanaka correspondence, 19
- Term as president, 38
- Trade Act (1974):
- Description of, 168
- Dissatisfaction with, 188
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 186
- Labor reaction to proposals for, 158
- Schedule for hearings on, 161, 163
- Senatorial discussion with, 208
- Status in committee of, 179
- Submission to Congress of, 169
- Timing for House action on, 198, 201
- Veto threat, 206
- Troika Meetings, 59
- Visits:
- Washington Energy Conference, 59
- Wheat cartel proposal, 38, 41
- Noebel, Hans H., 6
- Non-fat dried milk, 155
- Non-fuel minerals, 287, 290
- Nontariff barriers (NTBs), 40, 185, 232
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 16, 58, 139, 200
- North-South relations (see also
International Development Association; Less-developed countries; P.L.
480
; United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development):
- African Development Fund, 303
- Commodity agreements, 286
- Commodity consultations, 305
- Food aid, 279, 280
- French-U.S. talks on, 138
- Grain reserves, 263
- International cooperation in agriculture, 245, 246, 252, 256
- International Resources Bank, 149, 302, 303, 304, 305
- Investment in LDC raw materials, 291, 302
- Multilateral trade negotiations and, 185, 239, 301
- New international economic order, 149, 257, 293, 294, 299, 306, 309
- Non-fuel minerals, 287, 290
- P.L. 480 reductions, 247, 253
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit on, 138, 141, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150
- Sahel development, 303
- Technology transfer, 301, 304
- UNGA session on raw materials and development, 257, 258, 262, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 117, 286, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 306
- U.S. position, 126, 309
- World Food Conference, 230, 251, 256, 262, 263
- Norway, 234
- Nuclear energy, 124, 149
- Nuclear fusion, 124
- Nutrition, 310
- Office of Management and Budget (OMB), 253, 260, 263, 264, 284, 303
- Offset payments, 52, 201
- Ogilvie, Donald, 280
- Ohira Masayoshi, 38, 122, 123, 148
- Oil (see also
Energy):
- Alaska pipeline, 124
- Arab embargo on the United States, 195
- Balance of payments and, 209
- British production, 94, 122, 124, 149
- Export guarantees, 124
- Foreign policy decisions on, 58
- French deficit from imports of, 64, 80
- IMF oil facility, 83
- Minimum safeguard price (MSP) for, 112, 114, 116, 121, 124
- Post-Mideast War oil crisis, 5, 209
- Price increases, 64, 80, 119, 124
- Producers aid fund, 258
- Production levels, 124, 309
- U.S. cost for imports of, 260
- U.S.–EC deficits with producers of, 61, 82, 112, 122
- U.S. strategic stockpile program, 124
- Oil shale, 114, 124
- Okinawa Reversion Agreement (1971), 5
- Okun, Arthur, 161
- O’Neill, Thomas, 169, 216
- Orderly Marketing Agreements, 240
- Organization of American States (OAS), 258, 304
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD):
- Critical imported commodities issues in, 260
- Economic Committee, 176
- Economic Policy Committee, 114
- Executive Committee, 209
- International cooperation in agriculture, 252
- International Energy Agency, 87
- Investment, 149
- Investment Guidelines, 309
- Joint float agreement (Mar. 1973), 32, 35
- Meetings:
- Ministerial Council, 209
- Safety Net Solidarity Fund, 83
- Trade pledge, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 209, 239
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 87, 95, 121, 149
- Confrontation with, possible, 94
- Dialogue with oil-consuming nations, 124
- Food aid from, 310
- GSP for non-embargoing members of, 239
- IFAD proposal by, 298
- LDC alliance, 300, 301, 309
- Meetings, 149
- Price manipulation by, 112, 309
- Trade Act preference ineligibility, 223
- Trade surplus in, 148
- United States, relations with, 309
- World Food Conference, 278
- Ortiz, Frank, 117
- Ortoli, François-Xavier, 144, 159
- Ossola, Rinaldo, 119
- Ostpolitik, 149
- Overseas Development Council, 310
- Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), 260, 261
- Paarlberg, Daniel, 262
- Packard, David, 160
- Pahlavi, Shah Mohammad Reza, 94, 280
- Pakistan, 124, 242, 247, 257, 262, 310
- Palm oil, 239
- Panama, 239
- Paris Club, 143
- Parker, Daniel, 262, 279
- Parsky, Gerald:
- Passman, Otto, 242, 243, 250
- Patent law, 301
- Pauls, Rolf, 15
- Pazdral, Nuel, 88
- Peanuts, 162
- Pearce, William, 178, 186, 187, 194, 202, 204
- Perez, Carlos Andres, 94
- Perle, Richard, 186, 207
- Peru, 160, 185, 258
- Pettis, Jerry L., 186
- Philippines, 149, 162, 173
- Phosphates, 124, 307
- Pickering, Thomas, 182, 247
- Pierre-Brossolette, Claude, 40, 92, 114
- Pineau, Julienne L., 17
- P.L. 480, 162, 171, 176, 177, 246
- Placke, James, 278, 284
- Platinum, 260
- Poats, Rutherford M., 133, 135, 136
- Pöhl, Karl-Otto, 34, 37, 94, 104
- Poland:
- Political parties:
-
Pompidou, Georges:
- Agricultural commodities, 52, 176
- Balance of payments, 41
- FRG-French relations, 7
- Gold, 8, 41, 54
- International monetary system reform, 3, 26, 36, 41, 43, 47
- Irwin’s view of, 45
- Nixon correspondence, 43, 47, 50, 51
- Nixon meetings:
- As Prime Minister, 38
- Reelection of, 31
- Shultz meetings, 32
- U.S. view of, 167
- Porter, Roger B., 89, 99, 140, 144, 294
- Portugal, 64, 103, 123, 134, 247, 293, 309
- Poverty, 310
- Preeg, Ernest, 58, 140, 144, 224, 293
- Preferences:
- Prepcon I, 124
- Price controls, 124, 174, 175
- Price gouging, 260
- Price increases:
- Price management, 166
- Price supports, 263, 309
- Primary products, 124
- Private education, 157
- Private enterprise, 257
- Pronk, Jan P., 299, 306
- Property tax, 157
- Propps, Herbert, 204
- Protectionism, 104, 121, 122
- Agricultural, 123, 162, 166
- British position, 160, 235
- Canada, 162, 232
- Election years, 238
- European Community, 162
- Import quotas, 83, 87, 95, 97, 98, 101, 108, 130, 131, 162, 165, 168, 177, 238
- Italian position, 149
- Japan, 162, 238
- Japanese position, 147, 149
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 235, 236, 237
- United States, 130, 162, 235, 238, 239
- U.S. Congress and, 153
- Proxmire, William, 140
- Puerto Rico, 138
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit (June 1976):
- Balance of payments, 148
- British position, 142
- Canadian participation in, 138, 139
- Declaration of, 306
- Dutch position, 143
- EEC and, 138, 143
- Federal Republic of Germany position, 137, 142
- Ford introductory speech, 147, 148
- French position, 136, 138, 139, 142, 147
- Inflation, 141, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149
- Italian participation in, 138, 139, 142
- Post-summit Cabinet meeting on, 150
- Pre-summit deputies meeting, 141, 142
- Rambouillet Economic Summit and, 304
- Super tranche proposals, 142, 148
- Supplemental credit, 147
- Talking paper on, 138
- Topics for, 138, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150
- U.S. preparations for, 140, 144, 145, 146, 147
- U.S. proposals for, 133, 134, 135, 139, 140
- Quantitative Restrictions (QRs), 40
- Rabin, Yitzhak, 211
- Rabot, Louis-George, 236
- Rahal, Abdellatif, 257
- Rambouillet Economic Summit (Nov. 1975):
- Agreement on approach to, 104
- British position, 120
- Canadian participation in, 102, 103, 105, 106, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115
- Carlton Group preparatory meeting on, 117, 118, 119, 120, 124
- Communiqué for Summit, 122
- Declaration of Rambouillet, 125, 147
- Economic expansion goals, 119
- Follow-on consultative mechanisms, 121, 131
- French position, 93, 120
- French-U.S. talks for, 107
- FRG position, 95, 120, 292
- FRG–U.S. talks for, 109
- Italian participation, 102, 103, 105, 108, 111, 121
- Japanese position, 96, 120
- Joint announcement of, 102, 106
- Media publicity, 112, 122
- Multilateral trade negotiations as affected by, 237
- OECD participation in, 115
- Planning meetings for, 103, 104, 114, 116
- Pressures for, 98
- Procedures for, 104
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit and, 304
- Scenario for, 112
- Shultz discussions in Europe, 102
- Substantive issues for discussion:
- East-West trade, 104, 112, 119, 121, 125
- Economic outlook in each country, 104, 112, 117, 119
- Energy, 104, 112, 114, 117, 119, 121, 124
- Inflation, 104, 117, 122
- Monetary issues, 104, 112, 117, 119, 121, 123
- North-South relations, 104, 112, 117, 119, 121, 123, 124
- Trade, 104, 112, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123
- U.S. goals for, 117, 121
- U.S. preparation for, 104, 114, 116, 235
- Ramsbotham, Peter E., 82, 235
- Raoul-Duval, Michael, 140
- Raw materials, 260
- Ray, Elizabeth, 144
- Ray, J.E., 225
- Renner, John, 178, 204
- Reserve indicators, 40
- Resource transfers, 310
- Reuss, Henry, 86, 87, 126
- Reverse preferences, 37, 38
- Reynolds, John, 55
- Rhodesia, 211, 260, 309
- Rhodes, John, 216
- Ribicoff, Abraham A., 163, 168, 169
- Rice, 177, 247, 264, 266, 281, 282, 285, 310
- Richardson, Elliot L., 150, 160, 238, 241
- Rinfret, Pierre, 161
-
Robinson, Charles W., 226, 237, 284, 301
- Commodities, 293
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 235, 300, 302
- European economic recession, 133, 134
- International economic policy actions and issues, 309
- International Resources Bank, 302
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 134, 135, 136, 140, 144, 145
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 114, 116
- UNCTAD Nairobi meeting, 304
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 296, 297
- U.S. protectionism, 235, 236
- Rockefeller, David, 124
- Rockefeller, Nelson A., 215
- Rodman, Peter, 111, 116
- Rogers, William D., 308
- Rogers, William P., 162, 181
- Romania:
- Rubber, 149, 260, 307
- Rumor, Mariano, 103, 108, 122, 148
- Rumsfeld, Donald, 99, 232, 270, 275, 292, 294, 296
- Rural development, 124
- Rush, Benjamin, 266
- Rush, Kenneth:
- Ryukyu Islands, 5
- Sadat, Anwar, 280
- Safeguard system, 36, 185
- Sahel, 251, 303
- Sakharov, Andrei, 183, 186
- Sanne, Carl-Werner, 37, 94
- Sasaki Tadashi, 3
- Saudi Arabia, 94, 124, 148, 300, 309
- Sauvagnargues, Jean, 79, 103, 122, 124, 138, 139, 148
- Scali, John, 257, 259
- Schiller, Carl, 123
- Schlesinger, James R., 52, 160, 187, 255, 292
- Schmidt, Carl W., 236
-
Schmidt, Helmut:
- Balance of payments, 148
- Commodities, 149, 150, 292
- Deutschemark revaluation, 44
- East-West trade, 125, 148, 149
- Economic recession and recovery in Europe, 134, 135, 148
- Election as Chancellor of, 65
- Energy, 124, 147
- European economic stimulus measures, 95
- European integration, 69
- Exchange rates, 108, 123
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Ford correspondence, 89, 100, 108, 117, 137
- Ford meeting (July 1975), 94
- FRG economic recession, 95, 96
- FRG loans to Italy, 75
- Gold, 54, 56, 68, 80
- IMF meeting, Nairobi, 143, 147, 149
- Inflation, 147, 148
- International concertation of economic action, 95
- International Monetary Fund quotas, 95
- International monetary system reform:
- New York City’s debt crisis, 109, 123
- North-South relations, 123, 124, 147
- Offset payments, 52
- On oil producers, by country, 124
- Political weakness of, 147
- Protectionism, 123, 235
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 136, 137, 139, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit:
- Special drawing rights, 124, 126
- Trade, 147
- U.S. economic recession, 92
- U.S. growth rate, 236
- U.S. view of, 167
- Visits:
- Wage/price restraints, 148
- Schneebeli, Herman, 169, 186
- Schubert, Richard, 178
- Schueler, Manfred, 94
- Schuh, Edward, 289
- Schweiker, Richard, 215
- Schweitzer, Pierre-Paul, 10
- Scissors and shears, 239
- Scott, Hugh, 169, 187, 216, 221
-
Scowcroft, Brent, 9, 89, 111,
117, 183, 208, 222, 237, 247, 290
- Commodities, 260, 261, 292, 294
- Conference on International Economic Cooperation, 300
- European economic recession, 96, 131
- Exchange rates, 108
- Export controls, 171, 173, 174
- Four-power secret meeting of Finance Ministers, Paris (Oct. 1976), 151
- FRG–U.S. talks, 94
- Gold, 79, 100, 108
- Grain reserves, 288, 291
- Import quotas, 130
- International cooperation in agriculture, 252, 256
- International Monetary Fund, quotas, 101
- International monetary system reform, 6, 21, 34, 36, 47, 98
- London Economic Summit (May 1977), 152
- North-South relations, P.L. 480 food aid, 265, 266, 275, 276, 282
- Protectionism, 238
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit:
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 102, 103, 104, 108, 115, 121
- Soames-Nixon meetings, 160
- Soviet MFN status, 167, 169
- Trade Act (1974):
- Administration conflicts over strategy on, 195
- Administration discussions with Sen. Jackson, 211, 215, 220, 221
- Bipartisan leadership breakfast discussion on, 216
- Credits to Soviet Union, 198
- Draft of language for granting MFN status, 214
- Eberle’s request for guidance on, 212
- Effect of failure to pass, 200
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 182, 184, 187, 188, 190
- International trade as impacted by, 240
- Three letters issue, 217, 218
- Timing for House action on, 189, 192, 199, 201
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 296, 298
- World Food Conference, 251, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 149
- Seevers, Gary, 77, 170, 174, 178, 231, 262, 274
-
Seidman, L. William, 77, 86, 87, 89
- Commodities, 293, 294
- Common Fund proposal, 307, 308
- European economic recession, 131
- Government purchases of gold, 88, 90
- Grain reserves, 227, 289, 291
- International monetary system reform, 99
- International Resources Bank, 302
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 225, 226, 234, 237
- P.L. 480 food aid, 276
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 104, 114, 116, 121, 235
- Trade Act (1974), 231
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 296
- World Food Conference, 268, 269, 271, 273, 274, 280
- Self-sufficiency, 58
- Senate, U.S.:
- Senegal, 303
- Senior Interagency Committee, 247
- Services, 241
- Shanahan, Eileen, 163
- Sharp, Wayne, 228
- Shields, Roger E., 262
- Shoes, 130, 238, 239, 240
- Shrimp, 130, 239, 240
-
Shultz, George P., 2, 4, 22, 162, 183, 204
- Asian Development Bank, 242, 243, 244
- CCC credits, 253
- Commodity policy, 292
- Critical imported commodities, 255
- European economic recession, 134, 135
- Exchange rates, 42
- Export controls, 59, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 177, 180
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- GATT meeting, Tokyo (Sept. 1973), 181, 185
- Giscard meetings, 40, 48, 102
- Gold, 54, 56, 69
- International cooperation in agriculture, 246, 256
- International Development Association, 242, 243, 248, 254
- International monetary system reform:
- British-U.S. talks, 23
- Convertibility, 41, 42, 57
- Currency crisis, 23, 24, 26, 32, 33, 34, 46, 52
- Dollar devaluation, 12
- French-U.S. talks, 10, 36
- FRG position, 6
- FRG–U.S. talks, 9, 30, 32, 37
- IMF meeting, Nairobi, 53, 243
- Joint float agreement (Mar. 1973), 35
- Ministerial discussions on, 201
- Pace of, 1
- Planning for, 3, 7, 16, 28, 29
- U.S.-European differences, 31
- U.S. view of European role in, 17
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 181, 193
- Pompidou-Nixon correspondence, 50, 51
- Pompidou-Nixon meeting, Reykjavik (May–June 1973), 39, 42
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 134, 135, 136, 140, 145
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 96, 102, 103, 117
- Resignation as Treasury Secretary, 63
- Soames-Nixon meetings, 160
- Soviet MFN status, 167, 169
- Tax reform legislation, 164
- Trade Act (1974):
- Administration conflicts over strategy on, 194
- Administration’s objectives in Senate for, 204
- Credits to Soviet Union, 198
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 186
- Import surcharges, 161
- Labor reaction to proposals for, 158
- Nixon-Mills talks, 157
- Proposed outline for, 154
- Scenario for, 197
- Schedule for hearings on, 163
- Status in committee of, 178, 179, 182
- Timing for House action on, 156, 199, 201
- Troika Meetings, 59
- UNGA special session on raw materials and development, 257
- U.S. Special Fund for LDCs, 257
- Visits:
- Washington Energy Conference, 59
- Silveira, Antonio Azeredo da, 235, 304
- Simonsen, Mario Henrique, 235
-
Simon, William E., 65, 86
- Administration’s Congressional liaison actions, 235
- Commodities, 150, 151, 292, 293, 294
- East-West trade, 150
- European economic recession, 131, 132
- Exchange rates, 98
- Export controls, 172
- Four-power secret meeting of Finance Ministers (Paris, Oct. 1976), 151
- Gold:
- EEC Zeist proposal, 63, 64, 65
- Ending of U.S. restraints on sales of, 75, 76, 77
- French-U.S. talks on, 76, 79
- FRG–U.S. talks on, 89
- Government purchases of, 87, 88, 90, 98
- Interim Committee meetings on, 100
- Martinique summit, 79
- Negotiation of new agreement on, 67, 68, 69, 72, 73
- Special Drawing Rights as replacement for, 69
- Grain reserves, 289, 291
- IBRD, 303
- Import quotas, 131
- International Finance Corporation, 298
- International Monetary Fund, 83, 87, 98, 128
- International monetary system reform, 32, 33, 35, 36, 52, 98, 99
- International Resources Bank, 305
- Investment, 149
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 225, 235, 236
- New York City debt crisis, 109
- North-South relations, 151, 263, 265, 276
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 140, 144, 148, 149, 150
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 93, 107, 109, 121, 122
- Solidarity Fund for economic development, 83
- Trade Act (1974), 156
- UNGA Seventh Special Session, 297
- U.S. economic recession, 94
- Visits:
- World Food Conference, 268, 274
- Sisal, 307
- Sisco, Jean, 63
- Sisco, Joseph, 63
- Smithsonian Agreement (1971), 3, 5, 6, 10, 16, 37, 39, 153, 160
- Soames, Sir Christopher:
- Socialism, 291, 293, 294
- Solidarity Fund, 83
- Solomon, Tony, 186
-
Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, 22, 49, 94, 115, 116,
183
- Administration’s Congressional liaison actions, 235
- European economic recession, 135
- Gold, 63
- International monetary system reform, 32, 34, 36, 37, 39, 47
- Multilateral trade negotiations, 123
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 136, 140, 144
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 102, 103, 104, 114, 117, 235
- Soames-Nixon meetings, 159, 160
- Trade Act (1974):
- Treasury Undersecretary appointment for, 167
- South Africa:
- Soviet Union (see also
Jackson-Vanik
Amendment under
Trade Act (1974)):
- Agricultural imports, 36, 43, 148
- Balance of payments with the United States, 125
- Dairy exports, 43
- Demolition of Moscow art exhibit, 215
- Dissidents in, 182, 183
- Economic problems in, 149
- Economic role of, 58
- Eximbank loans to, 168, 183, 186, 195
- Food imports, 310
- Food reserves, 262, 263, 271
- FRG agreement on immigration with, 211
- Gas and oil exports to the United States, 36, 125, 235
- Gold production, 36, 61
- Grain production increases in, 310
- Grain reserves negotiations, 234
- IMF/IBRD membership for, 41, 43, 58
- International monetary system role for, 50, 51
- International trade in agricultural products, 246
- Jewish emigration:
- Administration differences over, 188
- Administration discussions with Jackson on, 207, 210, 211, 215, 216, 220, 221, 223
- Assurances on, 210
- Ford-Republican Congressional leadership meeting on, 187
- Jackson’s requirements for, 213, 214, 216
- Javits formula, 163, 167, 168
- Jewish opposition to Soviet MFN, 184, 186, 216
- Mills’s approach to, 163, 183
- Principles for acceptance of, 207
- Soviet position, 191
- White House decisions on, 169, 190
- Lend-lease payments, 195
- Loan credits to, 140, 149, 150
- Most Favored Nation status, 36, 153, 163, 167, 168, 182, 184, 186, 187, 188, 210, 213, 216
- Trade Act credits, 187, 189, 194, 195, 197, 198, 206, 215
- United States, relations with, 36, 309
- U.S. export controls, 173, 175
- U.S. imports of critical commodities from, 260
- U.S. long-term contractual arrangements on imports with, 234
- Wheat sales to, 38, 104, 125, 140, 148, 177, 235, 276
- World Food Conference, 251
- Soybeans, 46, 49, 50, 170, 176, 177, 178, 264
- Spain:
- Special Drawing Rights (SDRs):
- AID link with, 109, 301
- British position, 109
- As dollar replacement as principle reserve asset, 129
- EEC linkage with gold, 60, 61
- French position, 148
- French-U.S. talks on, 39, 40, 41, 42
- FRG position, 126
- Gold replaced by, 69
- Group of Twenty agreement on, 59
- Italian position, 109
- LDCs, 121, 124
- Method of generation of, 63
- Special Rural Development Fund, 310
- Springsteen, George S., 63
- Sri Lanka, 149
- Stabex, 287
- Staden, Berndt von, 94, 103, 108
- Stainless steel flatware, 239, 240
- Steel, 121, 123, 130, 140, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240
- Stein, Herbert, 162, 181, 204
- Sternfeld, Reuben, 178, 204
- Stockpiles (see also
Agriculture; Grain
reserves):
- CIEC discussions, 149
- Common Fund proposal, 151, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308
- Critical imported commodities, 255, 260, 261
- Economic, 260, 261, 286, 290
- Food, 251, 252, 259, 262, 263, 265, 268, 275, 278, 310
- French proposal, 176
- Integrated Commodity Program proposal, 301, 306, 309
- Non-fuel minerals, 287, 290
- U.S. position, 293, 295, 297
- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 149, 169
- Styx missile, 160
- Substitution accounts, 146
- Suchman, Peter, 182
- Sudan, 247, 310
- Sugar, 162, 290, 307
- Sukarno, 160
- Supply disruptions, 260
- Supreme Court, U.S., 235
- Swap arrangements, 44
- Sweden, 40, 123, 146, 238, 239, 300
- Switzerland:
- Synthetic fuels, 124
- Syria, 189, 208, 265
- Taiwan. See China, Republic of.
- Tanaka Kakuei, 3, 4, 13, 20, 94
- Tannanbaum, Marc H., 279
- Tariff Act (1930), 153
- Tariffs:
- Tar sands, 124
- Taxation:
- Tea, 124, 307
- Technological cooperation, 309
- Technology transfer, 301, 304
- Textiles, 123, 239
- Textile Trade Policy Group, 239
- Thailand, 247
- Thorn, Gaston, 143, 144
- Thurmond, Strom, 187
- Timber, 307
- Timmons, William E., 169, 187, 243
- Tin, 124, 260, 287, 307
- Tobacco, 162, 178, 266
- Tokyo Declaration (1973), 123, 125, 147, 185, 200, 203, 224, 236
- Toumayan, Alex, 41
- Tower, John, 187
- Trade (see also
East-West trade; Multilateral
trade negotiations):
- Canadian statistics, 37
- Export-Import Bank as affected by, 104
- Liberalization of, 149, 185
- OECD pledge, 112, 113, 117, 121, 122, 123, 209, 239
- Pending issues at end of Ford administration on, 309
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit on, 138, 145
- Rambouillet Economic Summit on, 104, 112, 116, 117, 119, 121, 123
- Reform of system of, 185
- Trade Act (1974):
- Adjustment assistance, 155, 204
- Administration conflicts over strategy on, 194, 195
- Administration’s objectives in Senate for, 202, 204
- AFL–CIO opposition to, 183, 192, 194
- Arguments in favor of, 153
- British position, 123, 159
- Countervailing duty amendments to, 202, 235
- Credits to Soviet Union, 187, 189, 194, 195, 197, 198, 206, 215
- Description of, 168
- Effect of failure to pass, 200
- Emigration link to MFN for Soviets, 178, 182, 183, 184, 186, 188, 190, 191, 207, 208
- Export-Import Bank as affected by, 104
- French position, 40
- GATT revisions in, 202
- House passage of, 202
- International trade as impacted by, 240
-
Jackson-Vanik Amendment, 125, 149
- Bipartisan leadership breakfast discussion on, 216, 218
- Compromise proposal on, 183
- Introduction of, 167, 183
- Jackson-administration discussions, 207, 210, 211, 214, 215, 216, 220, 221, 223
- Jackson’s draft of language for, 213, 214
- Modified version of, 188
- Pettis-Corman compromise, 178, 186
- Popular support for, 178
- Three letters issue, 217, 218, 219
- Waivers to, 222, 239
- White House views on, 167, 189, 194
- Karth Amendment, 202
- Latin American position, 235, 258
- Multilateral trade negotiations and, 193, 226
- Nixon veto threat, 206
- Options for, 183, 186, 210
- Passage and signing of, 223
- Proposed outline for, 154
- Protectionism and, 104, 123, 131, 235, 236
- Report to House floor of, 188
- Scenario for, 197
- Schedule for hearings on, 161, 163, 164
- Section 103 , 224, 227, 233
- Section 135 , 224
- Section 301 , 239
- Senators’ talks with Nixon on, 208
- Services, 241
- Status in committee of, 49, 178, 179, 182
- Submission to Congress of, 169
- Timing for House action on, 156, 189, 192, 194, 196, 198, 199, 201
- U.S. trade policy and, 239
- Worker assistance, 202
- Trade Expansion Act (1962), 178
- Trade Policy Committee, 231, 233
- Trade policy proposals, 58
- Trades Union Congress (TUC), 148
- Trading with the Enemy Act (1917), 170, 174
- Treasury, U.S. Department of:
- Common Fund proposal, 307
- Countervailing duties, 235
- Critical imported commodities stockpiles, 260, 261
- Dollar stabilization actions by, 49
- Gold, 63, 68, 84
- Government purchases of, 86, 87, 88, 90, 97
- Grain reserves negotiations, 284
- IMF Development Security Facility, 126
- P.L. 480 food aid, 263, 264
- Protectionism, 238
- Special Drawing Rights, 129
- Special Fund for aid, 27
- Wheat price increases, 281
- World Food Conference, 251
- Trilateral Charter, 58
-
Trudeau, Pierre Elliot:
- Bribery, 149
- CIEC co-chair position, 147
- East-West trade, 149
- Energy, 147, 149
- Ford correspondence, 114
- Inflation, 148
- Investment, 147
- North-South relations, 147
- Political weakness of, 147
- Puerto Rico Economic Summit, 139, 147, 148, 149
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 110, 114, 115
- Wage-price restraints, 147
- World Food Conference follow-up, 278
- Truman, Edwin, 81, 85, 126, 127
- Trust Fund (IMF), 83, 84, 126, 127, 128, 129, 146
- Tungsten, 260
- Turkeys, 239
- Turner, William, 209
- Ullman, Al, 178, 182, 183, 184, 186, 189, 194, 197
- Unemployment:
- Unemployment compensation, 168
- United Arab Emirates (UAE), 124
- United Kingdom (UK):
- Bank loans to Soviet Bloc nations, 149
- Beef prices, 162
- Commodity agreements, 286
- Currency float, 33
- East-West trade, 125, 149
- EC membership for, 22, 40
- Economic recession in, 94, 96, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 309
- Economic stimulus measures, 95
- European integration, 17, 22
- Exchange rates, 3, 108, 123, 126, 146, 151
- Finance ministers meeting, France (Nov. 1973), 57
- Gold, 56, 60, 61, 63, 86
- IMF standby loan to, 151
- Import controls, 104
- International monetary system reform, 1, 23
- National Development Council, 122
- Oil production, 94, 122, 124, 149
- Political parties, 147
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 103, 120, 121
- Saudi loans to, 94
- Socialism, 294
- Substitution account, 146
- Two-tier gold market, 3
- Unemployment in, 148
- U.S. economic aid to, 146
- U.S. economic recession, 82
- U.S. imports from, 238
- United Nations (UN), 258
- Economic Commission for Latin America, 144
- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 310
- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (see also North-South relations), 124, 129, 252, 306
- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), 278
- United Nations General Assembly (UNGA),
124, 236, 251, 278
- Declaration and Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, 257
- Seventh Special Session on International Development Strategy for the Second UN Development Decade, 117, 286, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 306
- Sixth Special Session on raw materials and development, 257, 258, 263, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299
- United Nations World Food Conference. See World Food Conference, Rome (1974)
- United States-European Community-Japanese economic relationship, 58
- Upper Volta, 303
- Uranium enrichment, 124, 292
- U.S. economic recession (see also European economic recession):
- U.S. Steel, 235, 238
- Uyl, Joop den, 138, 293
- Vanadium, 260
- Vanik, Charles, 169, 186, 221
- Van Lennep, Emiel, 114, 239
- Vastine, Robert, 297
- Vegetable oils, 307
- Venezuela, 94, 124, 185, 239
- Vietnam, Republic of:
- Vietnam War, 156
- Vogelgesang, Sandra, 310
- Volcker, Paul A., 53, 60, 204
- Volpe, John A., 140
- Voluntary restraint agreements (VRAs), 239
- Wage increases, 134
- Wage/price change reporting, 3
- Wage/price restraints, 147, 148
- Waggoner, Joe, 189
- Waldheim, Kurt, 257
- Wallich, Henry C., 63, 65, 79, 81, 84, 126, 127
- Warren, Jack, 103
- War on Waste, 279
- Washington Energy Conference (Feb. 1974), 59
- Washington Post, 140
- Waste, 279
- Watergate, 39, 46
- Webb-Pomerene Act (1918), 168
- Weintraub, Sidney, 61
- Wellenstein, Edmund, 236
- Well, Guenther van, 94
- Wheat:
- Canadian sales of, 253, 280
- Cartel proposal, 38, 41, 124
- EEC’s banning export of, 180
- Export controls, 170, 177, 180, 264
- International Grains Arrangement (1967), 162
- International Wheat Agreement (1971), 162, 230
- International Wheat Council (IWC), 162, 230, 233, 234, 278, 310
- Japanese purchases of, 38, 235
- Nationally-held reserves of, 310
- People’s Republic of China’s purchases of, 38, 177
- P.L. 480 budget for 1975, 253, 264
- Price increases, 180, 264, 281
- Reduced stocks of, 247, 253, 281, 282
- Soviet purchases of, 38, 104, 125, 140, 148, 177, 235, 276
- U.S. aid to Egypt, 280
- U.S. import quotas on, 162
- Wickel, James J., 5
- Widman, F. Lisle, 93
- Williams Commission, 166
-
Wilson, Harold:
- British economic recession, 94, 96
- East-West trade, 125
- Energy, 124
- Ford correspondence, 82, 100, 108, 111, 116, 117
- Import controls, 104
- North-South relations, 104, 121, 124
- Protectionism, 123
- Rambouillet Economic Summit, 102, 122, 123, 124, 147
- Resignation of, 135
- U.S. economic recession, 82
- Visit to Washington (Jan. 1974), 82
- Wines, 162
- Wire, 239, 240
- Withholding taxes, 29
- Witteveen, H. Johannes, 64, 66, 86, 126, 134, 258
- Woodbury, Wendell, 306
- Worker retraining, 168, 202
- World Bank Group (see also International Bank of Reconstruction and Development; International Resources Bank), 302
- World Food Authority, 262
- World Food Bank, 251
- World Food Conference, Rome (1974):
- Achievements of, 278
- Agricultural Development Fund, 278
- Economic Policy Board and, 267, 268, 269, 273
- Follow-up to, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 280
- Grain reserves, 230, 288
- Importance of food aid in, 280
- Kissinger speech, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 275
- OPEC role, 278
- People’s Republic of China’s role in, 251
- Preparatory meetings, 259, 267
- Questions for focus of, 251
- Secretary of State’s meeting on, 263
- Soviet role in, 251
- Status of U.S. policy development for, 267
- U.S. position, 252, 256, 262, 263, 264, 310
- World Food Council, 278, 310
- World Health Organization (WHO), 310
- Worthington, Howard, 77, 263, 280
- Year of Europe, 46
- Yeo, Edwin, III, 99
- Yeutter, Clayton, 77, 228, 236, 262
- Yom Kippur War (1973), 124, 189
- Yoshida Taroichi, 146
- Yoshino Bunroku, 304
- Yugoslavia, 294
- Zaire, 309
- Zambia, 149
- Zarb, Frank, 99, 114, 116, 118, 294
- Zhou Enlai, 211
- Ziegler, Ron, 169, 187
- Zijlstra, Jelle, 55, 63
- Zinc, 260, 287