Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume
XXXIV, Energy Diplomacy and Global Issues
Index
-
Abram, Morris B., 575, 587–588
- Abu Dhabi, 338–339, 341, 343, 349, 397, 475
- Acheson, Dean, 4
- Aden, 318
-
Agger, Donald G., 233–234
- Akins, James E., 387n
, 390n
, 399–400n
, 404n
, 416, 442n
, 462n
, 470n
- Alam, Amir Asadullah, 318, 398
- Alexander, George H., 326n
- Algeria, 339, 380,
383–386, 417, 448–450, 475
- Allen, Francis O., 557n
- Allen, Ward P., 199n
, 201n
, 205, 320–321, 585n
- Alsop, Joseph, 449
- Amstutz, J. Bruce, 208n
, 216n
, 224n
, 226–227n
- Amuzegar (Iran), 394n
- Ansary, Hushang, 392–393
- Apartheid (see also
Human rights issues), 560, 579
- Apollo program (see also
Space exploration programs), 145
- Arab Federation of Petroleum Workers, 337
- Arab-Israeli crisis. See Six-Day War.
- Aram, Abbas, 342, 356
- Aramco. See under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues)
- Arif, Col. Abdel Salam Mohammed, 379
-
Armstrong, C. Willis,
222n
, 370n
, 467n
- Ashmore, Harry, 481
- Auger, Pierre, 80
- Australia, 92n
, 203
- Austria, 126, 333
- Aziz, Mustafa Abdul, 362–363
- Bader, Henri, 5n
- Bahrain, 376, 426,
475
- Baker, Howard, Jr., 299
-
Ball, George W., 3n
, 125–127,
216–217, 244n
, 247n
, 258n
, 326–329,
484–485
- Ballough, Harding W., 42n
- Baraclough, William G., 39n
- Barger (Aramco), 321–322, 411
- Barnett, Robert, 201n
, 478n
, 490
-
Bator, Francis M., 289n
- Battle, Lucius D., 301n
, 303, 376,
407–408, 421n
, 470–471n
, 472–473
-
Bazzaz, Abdul Rahman al-, 320, 338, 369
- Beal, William, 521n
, 552n
-
Beckett, J. Angus,
334–338, 420, 427, 459
- Beckler, David, 10n
, 24n
, 37n
- Beigel, Edgar J., 125n
, 216n
, 222n
- Belaid, Abdelessam, 384
- Belgium, 92n
, 434, 451
-
Bell, David E., 261, 288
- Belman, Murray, 201n
, 385–386,
541n
- Ben Artzi, Gen., 313
- Ben-Gurion, David, 287
- Benjamin, Robert, 487
- Bennsky, George M., 330n
, 333n
- Beshore, Margaret E., 73n
- Bilder, Richard B., 557n
- Binaghi, Walter, 523n
, 538–539,
564–565, 572n
- Bitker, Bruno V., 575, 584
-
Black, Eugene R., 207
- Blackiston, Slator C., 317n
, 318, 324n
, 326n
-
Blagonravov, Anatoli A., 64–65, 130–131
- Blake, Eugene Carson, 508
- Blau, Clarence I., 561n
- Bogart, P., 216n
-
Bohlen, Charles E., 208–209n
- Boon, Hendrik, 22
- Bordelon, Monsignor Marvin, 507–509
- Bowdler, William, 159n
-
Bowie, Robert R., 10n
, 14n
, 23
- Bowles, Chester, 494
- Boyd, Alan S., 208–209
- Boyle, Robert P., 566n
- Brand, Robert A., 191n
-
Brenchley, T. Frank,
318
- Brewer, William D., 407–408, 462n
- Bromell, William B., 344n
- Brosio, Manlio, 75
- Brougham, R. I., 367, 410–411, 431–432, 463
- Brown, Carol, 194n
- Brown, Elizabeth Ann, 566n
, 568n
- Brown, George, 356
- Brown, Robert L., 197n
- Bruce, Robert, 94n
, 292n
, 410n
, 519n
, 547n
, 551n
- Buehler, Jordan, 191n
- Buffum, William B., 568n
, 573n
-
Bundy, McGeorge,
54, 55n
, 56n
, 134, 141–142, 146n
, 151–152,
236–237, 246–247, 253–255, 256n
, 288–289,
293n
, 298–299,
452n
, 461–462,
482n
, 483, 484n
, 486–489
-
Bunker, Ellsworth,
274, 290, 305
- Bushong, Jacquelin H., 130n
- Califano, Joseph A., Jr., 130n
, 146n
, 210n
, 278–279,
281n
, 300, 483
- Canada, 72, 120,
552–554
-
Caradon, Lord,
567–568, 571
- Carter, Gil, 158n
-
Carter, William T., 171–172
-
Cary, Charles,
224–225, 523n
-
Cash, Harvey,
403
- Castro, Fidel, 544–545
- Caswell, A., 222n
-
Cater, Douglass,
147–148, 258n
, 281n
, 482n
, 492–494,
501n
, 510, 514–517
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 452–456
- Chaffee, Roger, 113
- Chaplin, Maxwell, 372n
, 426n
, 526n
, 533n
, 583n
- Charyk, Joseph, 125–126, 128, 130n
- Chase, Gordon, 484n
, 488n
, 490
- Chase, Milton, 306n
- Chayes, Abram, 125–128, 131
- Chernyakov (USSR), 284
- Childs, Timothy W., 308n
-
Claxton, Philander P., 494n
, 495–498,
501n
, 502–504,
510–512, 514–517, 519n
- Cleveland, Harlan, 478–480, 555–556
- Cleveland, Robert G., 585n
- Cleveland, Stanley, 125n
, 226
- Colombia, 530
- Communication Satellite Coordination Committee, 151–153
- Communication satellite issues:
- African nations, assistance for, 144,
146–147
- Channel allocation, 131
- Communication Satellite Coordination Committee, 151–153
- Communications Satellite Act of 1962, 132, 138, 149, 157,
159, 173
- Communications Satellite Conference, 134–135
- Department of Defense-Comsat memorandum of intent, 124–134
- Early Bird communications satellite, 144, 159
- Earth station ownership formula, 174
- Earth stations, establishment in less-developed nations, 146–147, 150, 153–155, 158–164, 168–171, 173,
179
- Educational potential, 171–172
- European position, 134–135, 144
- European-U.S. cooperation:
- British position, 123, 135n
- Channel rental, 123
- European Conference on Satellite Communication, 120–124
- European position, 135, 165–167
- French position, 123n
- German position, 167
- Technology transfer issue, 165–167
-
FCC jurisdiction issue, 155–157
- French position, 13, 173
- Global vs. regional approach, 173–179, 183–184
- International cooperation, 137–138, 167
- International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (INTELSAT):
- Australian position, 203
- British position, 204
- Earth stations, 158–164, 168–171, 173, 179
- European position, 186, 203–204
- Financing, 169–170, 177, 179
- French position, 186, 191–192
-
INTELSAT II Pacific
satellite, 170
-
ITU membership requirement,
200, 203
- Italian position, 186
- Latin American position, 203
- Membership, 160, 162, 200–203
- Procurement processes, 186
- Soviet position, 187–190, 192–193, 204
- Swedish position, 204
- TRW construction contract, 156–157
- UN proposal, 204
-
Katzenbach Committee of 1963-1964, 151–153
- Medium-altitude random orbit system, 128–129
-
NASA required services, 145–146
- NSC Action Memoranda:
- No. 252, 124n
- No. 338, 143, 165, 176n
- No. 338, revised, 180–182
- No. 342, 153–154, 158–159, 168, 171
- Project Symphonie plan, 185n
- Soviet Union, 121, 123, 130–131, 148n
- Intersputnik organization proposal, 194–200, 204
- Molniya satellite communications system, 118, 173, 187–189
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 123–124, 130–131, 172,
187–190,
192–193
- Technology assistance policy, 137–143, 146–147, 150,
163–164,
181–182
- Technology compatibility, 167
- Technology transfer, 165–167
- UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space,
194n
- Communications Satellite Corporation (Comsat), (see also Communication satellite issues), 122–123, 126–134
- Concorde. See Supersonic transport
development.
- Congress, U.S., 201n
- Hijacking of commercial aircraft, 520
- Legislation:
- Communications Satellite Act of 1962, 132, 138, 149, 157, 159, 173
- Defense Production Act of 1950, 424, 426n
, 440
- P.L. 87–197 air piracy law, 520
- Saline Water Conversion Act of 1965, 249
- Population growth issues, 479, 485, 491–493, 504–505, 512
- Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 585–586
- Tokyo Convention ratification, 531,
534–535
- Water desalination, 256, 282, 300,
303–305,
312
- Connor, John T., 12
- Conrad, Charles, 74
- Constable, Peter D., 73n
- Cook, Philip R., 41n
- Cooper, Gordon, 74
- Cooper, Richard, 247n
- Costa Rica, 561–562
- Cottam, Howard, 429n
, 432
- Couve de Murville, Maurice, 208n
- Cox, Robert G., 464
- Creel, Robert C., 216n
- Crockett, William, 244n
- Crooker, John H., 231–232
- Crowley, Edwin D., 334n
, 442n
, 446n
- Crump, John, 524n
, 551n
- Cuba, hijacking of commercial aircraft, 525n
, 527, 529,
532, 533n
, 535–536,
539, 545–552
- Czechoslovakia, 198, 200n
-
Davies, Rodger P., 308n
, 324n
, 326n
, 370n
, 381, 410n
, 462, 470n
- Davis, Nathanial, 464n
- Davis, Richard H., 73n
- Dean, Jonathan, 14n
- Dean, Sir Patrick, 299–300, 374–378
- Debré, Michel, 44
- Dell, Edmund, 21–22
- Desalination. See
Water desalination .
- Dick, Edison W., 386
- Dinsmore, L., 324n
, 411, 470n
- Dixon, Sir Pierson, 208n
- Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., 116n
, 197–198,
285, 514
- Dorticos, Osvaldo, 536
- Dowell, Robert, Jr., 399n
, 400n
- Doyle, Stephen E., 201n
- Draper, Gen. William H., Jr., 477
- Dryden, Hugh, 45–46,
56, 64–66, 131
- Dubs, Adolph, 194n
- Dux, M. J., 468n
- Early Bird communications satellite (see also Communication satellite issues), 144,
159
- Edgar, William F., 73n
- Edmunds, Lester E., 41n
- Edwards, Robert H., 573n
- Egypt. See United Arab Republic.
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 292–297, 477
- Eliot, Theodore, 352n
, 359n
, 373n
, 375–376,
382n
, 387n
, 399n
, 414n
- Ende (FCC), 130n
, 194n
- Enders, Thomas O., 334n
, 405n
, 406n
, 446n
- Energy problems. See
Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues.
- Enke, Stephen, 226–228, 482n
-
Ensor, Andrew,
324n
, 332, 333n
, 334n
, 449
- Enthoven, Alain C., 221n
- Eqbal, 394n
- Erhard, Werner, 12, 81–82
- Eshkol, Levi, 235–236, 313
- Eskimos, 578, 581
- European Conference on Satellite Communication, 120–124
- European Launcher Development Organization (ELDO), 90–98, 92n
- European Space Research Organization (ESRO), 72, 79–80, 82–84, 105
-
Faber, Richard,
92–93, 135n
- Fahd bin Abdul Aziz, Prince, 411
- Faisal ibn Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, King, 321–322, 421n
- Fallah, Reza, 414–415
- Fanfani, Amintore, 3n
, 16, 22–23, 37, 97n
-
Fearnley, John T., 357–358
- Feehan, Harry, 528n
, 533n
, 537–538n
, 540n
- Feldman, Mark, 537n
, 540–541n
, 547n
, 551–552n
- Feldman, Myer, 240–242
- Findlay, Luke W., 118, 385–386, 424–425
- Fischli (Switzerland), 549n
, 551–552
- Fitzgerald, John F., 524n
, 526n
, 530, 532–533, 538n
, 541n
, 547n
, 550n
, 551n
, 552n
- Flores, Carillo, 528n
- Folmar, L. W., 403
- Foreign Petroleum Supply Committee, 417
- Foster, John S., 86n
, 104n
- France:
- Algeria, relations with, 339, 448–450
- Anti-contraceptives legislation, 515
- Communication satellite issues, 13,
123n
, 127, 173, 175–176, 186,
191–192
- European Launcher Development Organization, assessment, 92n
- Oil embargo crisis, 427–428, 433–434, 439,
442–443,
445–450
- Oil Emergency London Advisory Committee, 425
- Petroleum issues, 339–340, 372–373, 381–382
- Population growth issues, 515
- Project Symphonie plan, 185n
- Soviet Union, relations with, 340
- Space exploration programs, 72, 75, 78–80
- Supersonic transport development, 208n
, 209–212, 219, 225–226
- Technology gap issues, 2, 13, 35–37, 43–44
- Water desalination research, 307
- Frank, Eugene, 191n
- Frank, Richard A., 530, 533n
- Freeman, Christopher, 1n
- Freeman, James B., 73n
-
Fried, Edward R., 26n
, 359–360n
, 416–419
- Friedman, Alvin, 125–126
-
Frutkin, Arnold,
80–84, 94n
, 96, 97n
, 105
-
Fulbright, J. William,
305
- Funk, Howard V., Jr., 585n
- Funseth, Robert L., 566n
, 573n
- Ganley, Oswald H., 14n
, 39n
- Gardner, Richard, 135n
, 478n
, 491, 517,
569–570
- Gatch, John N., Jr., 344n
-
Gaud, William S., 308n
, 511, 519n
-
Gazdik, Julian,
523, 525–527, 530, 532–533, 536
- Gemini space program, 70, 73–74, 113–114
- George, Scott, 61n
, 164n
- Germany, Federal Republic of:
- Communication satellite issues, 72,
167
- European Launcher Development Organization, 90, 92n
- Gelensburg Oil Company takeover, 403–404
- Human rights issues, 573
- Oil embargo crisis, 442–443, 445–446, 450,
451n
, 468–469
- Project Symphonie plan, 185n
- Space exploration programs, 81–83, 88, 106
- Technology gap issues, 23, 25, 35
- Water desalination research, 307
- Giraud (France), 427–428
- Glenn, John, 73
- Goddard, Robert, 68
-
Goldberg, Arthur,
115n
, 488
-
Goldstein, Ernest,
510n
, 575
- Goodby, James E., 85n
- Goodpaster, Gen. Andrew, 292–293
-
Gordon, Kermit,
239–241
- Gotzlinger, Leopold, 183n
- Grant, Lt. Gen. J., 208n
, 326n
- Gravatt, Joan S., 566n
, 573n
- Greece, 23, 170,
245, 434, 451
- Green, James F., 585n
- Gregory (UK), 420
- Gremillion, Monsignor Joseph, 507–509
- Grewe, Wilhelm, 23
- Grey, Robert, 183n
- Grissom, Virgil, 113
- Gromyko, Andrei, 66, 116, 123
-
Gruening, Ernest,
479
-
Halaby, Najeeb,
206, 208, 212, 213n
, 216–219
- Halsted, Ann Roosevelt, 585n
- Hamilton, Edward, 159n
-
Hammarskjold, Knut,
521–523, 527–536, 539–540, 543
- Hammond, R. Philip, 287–288
- Handley, William J., 372–373
- Hare, Raymond A., 352n
, 359n
- Hargrove, John L., 573n
- Harmel, Pierre, 13, 37
- Harrar, George, 287
-
Harriman, W. Averell,
61n
, 274, 324n
, 394
- Harris poll, 462
-
Harrison, Sir Geoffrey,
317–320, 322, 352–353
-
Hart, Parker T., 321–324
- Hartman, Arthur, 39n
- Hathaway, William D., 303n
- Held, C., 438n
, 462n
- Heller, Walter, 240, 305
- Helms, Jesse, 452n
- Henry, David H., 73n
- Herzog, Yaacov, 313
- Hickenlooper, Bourke, 504
- Higgins, Peter, 73n
- Hijacking of commercial aircraft:
- Canadian diplomatic role, 552–554
- Chicago Convention of 1944, 520
- Colombian position, 530
- Congressional position, 520
- Cuba-U.S. bilateral agreement, 547–552
- Cuban hijackings, 520, 524–533, 539–547
- Cuban position, 525n
, 527, 529, 533n
, 535–536, 539, 545–547, 549
- El Al hijacking to Algeria, 529
- Extradition issue, 530, 532, 542–543, 546,
549n
- International Air Transport Association, 521–523, 525–526, 528–532, 534–535, 538–540, 543
- Jurisdiction issue, 520
- Mexico and, 527–528, 531, 533–534, 537–538, 546–547
- Passenger repatriation, 545–546
- P.L. 87–197 air piracy law, 520
- Refugee Airlift Agreement, 532
- Reward deterrent, 527n
, 530–532
- Tokyo Convention, 520–522, 530,
534–535,
542
- Venezuelan position, 530
- Hilliker, Grant G., 324n
- Holifield, Chet, 126, 128–130
- Hollomon, J. Herbert, 66n
- Holum, Kenneth, 241, 246, 250n
-
Hornig, Donald F., 66, 89, 104n
, 132–133,
513
- Technology gap, 1–2, 4–5, 10–13, 19–21, 24–26, 28–29, 36–39, 42
- Water desalination, 237–238, 242,
251–253,
258n
, 275–276, 278–279, 281–282, 285n
, 293–294, 295n
, 298, 300–301, 305
- Houghton, Robert B., 370n
, 372n
-
Hoveyda, Amir Abbas,
341–342, 350–351, 389, 414–415
- Huffcutt, Gordon L., 185n
- Hughes, Thomas L., 57–61, 187–190, 383–384, 412–413, 544
- Human rights issues:
- African states position, 560
- American Indians’ treaty rights, 578,
581
- Anti-Semitism, 556, 588
- Apartheid, 560, 579
- Conference on Human Rights, Tehran, 1968, 558, 568, 575
- Costa Rican position, 561–562
- Department of Defense employment policies, 578, 581
- Freedom of speech, 555–556
- Human Rights Advisory Services Program, 558
- Immigration policies, U.S., 576–577, 581
- International Civil Aviation Organization meeting, 560, 564–565, 571–574
- International Human Rights Year, 557–560
- Mexican-American treaty rights, 577–578, 581, 583
- Philippines position, 562
- Poor People’s Campaign, 576–582
- Portugal, exclusion from ICAO
meeting, 560, 564–566, 571–574
- Portuguese colonies in Africa, 579
- Poverty marchers, 583
- Presidential Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 585–586
- President’s Commission for the Observance of Human Rights, 584–586
- Race discrimination, 555–556, 560,
588
- Racist nations, U.S. relations with, 576, 579
- Refugees, 585–586
- Religious freedom, 556
- Slavery, abolition of, 558
- South Africa, 560, 564–565, 571–574, 579–580
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo grievances, 577–578, 581, 583
- Tunisian position, 566n
- Turkish position, 561–562
- UN Commissioner on Human Rights, proposed, 569–570
- UN Commission on Human Rights, 555,
587–588
- UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination, 555
- UN International Conference on Human Rights, 567–568, 570–571, 574–575
- UN International Human Rights Year, 561–563, 557–560
- UN Resolutions:
- White House Conference on the Advancement of Human Rights, 584–585
-
Humphrey, Hubert H.:
- Population growth issues, 480–481, 500,
505–509
- Space exploration programs, 63, 67–69, 83n
, 85–89,
98n
, 111–113, 164–165
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 116–119
- Supersonic transport development, 229–231
- Technology gap issues, 12
-
Hyde, Rosel H., 156, 205
-
Idris, King, 457
- India, 494
- Indonesia, 347–348, 417
- Inoue (Japan), 36
- International Air Transport Association (IATA), 521–523, 525–526, 528–535, 538–540, 543
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 560, 564–565, 571–574
- International Cooperation in Space, 80
- International Human Rights Year, 557–560
- International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (INTELSAT). See under Communication satellite issues.
- International Telecommunications Union (ITU), 200, 203
- Intersputnik proposal (see also Space exploration proposals), 194–200, 204
- Iran (see also
Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza Shah; Iran and Iranian
subheadings under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues), 318–319
- Abu Dhabi, 338–339, 349, 397
- British position, 329, 352–358, 374, 376–378, 387
- Earth station establishment, 170
- Economic situation, 350, 355–356, 393
- Export-Import Bank aid, 360n
- Kharg Island, 341
- Oil embargo crisis, 473
-
OPEC membership, 322–323
- Romania, relations with, 341, 350–351
- Saudi position, 367
- Six-Day War, 382n
- Soviet Bloc, relations with, 350–351
- U.S. military assistance, 360
- Iraq (see also Iraq and Iraqi subheadings under Oil
embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues),
318, 338–339
- Kharg Island, 341
- Kurdish question, 338–339, 366
- Kuwait, threat to, 318
- Law 80, 324–325, 329, 379–380
- Law 97, 380–382
-
OAPEC membership, 475
- Political situation, 365–366, 409
- Soviet Union, relations with, 397
- Iraq Oil Company, 321n
, 368
- Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC). See under
Petroleum issues.
- Israel (see also Six-Day War), 417
- Dimona nuclear project, 290
- Hijacking of El Al plane, 529
- Nuclear desalination project, see under Water
desalinization.
- Italy, 3n
, 6–8, 16, 21–22, 35, 72, 92n
, 96n
, 186, 307
- Jacobs, George R., 379–380, 404n
- Jacobsen, Jake, 486
- Jacquet (France), 213n
, 216, 218–219
- Japan, 36, 434,
439, 511, 516
-
Jenkins, Roy,
211, 213n
, 216, 218–219, 222n
-
Jernegan, John D., 240n
, 324n
, 329
- Jha, L. K., 494
- John XXIII, Pope (see also
Papal encyclicals), 480, 502
-
Johnson, Charles E., 54, 55n
, 108n
, 114–115,
147–148, 151–152n
, 159n
, 164–165,
194n
, 216n
, 246–247,
253n
, 254–255,
258n
, 260–262,
288–289, 300
-
Johnson, John A., 131, 205
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 62, 585–586
- Communication satellite issues, 124–125, 128–130, 135, 141–148, 155–157, 171,
173, 180–184, 187, 199–200, 202
- European-U.S. cooperation, 104–107
- Human rights issues, 575–578, 585n
, 587–588
- Mexican-Americans, 581, 583
- Oil embargo crisis, 461–462
- Petroleum issues, 332
- Population growth issues, 480, 482, 483n
, 484–490, 497–498, 501,
510–514,
517–518
- Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, 585–586
- Six-Day War, 453–454
- Space exploration programs, 45–49, 54–56, 63–66, 73–74, 81–83, 100n
, 117
- Supersonic transport development, 207,
220, 230–231
- Technology gap issues, 4–5, 8–9, 19–21, 24–34, 37–39
- Water desalination, 239–240, 259,
261, 279–280
- Congressional resolution, 303–305
- Economic feasibility, 309n
- Eisenhower initiative, 200–294
- Israel nuclear project, 235–236, 275–276, 298–299, 301n
, 305, 310–314
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 235–238
- UAR-Israel project, 262–271
- Water for Peace program, 272,
276–277, 278n
, 281, 285–286, 288
- World food problem, 513
-
Johnson, U. Alexis,
86n
, 91–92n
, 93, 94n
, 95, 100n
, 125n
, 165, 176n
, 271n
- Johnstone, Jack R., 573n
- Jordan (France), 427–428
- Jordan, 423
- Jorden, William, 159n
- Joyce, James W., 5–8,
100n
, 247–250
- Jurgensen (France), 44
- Justice Department anti-trust suit against oil companies, 322
- Kahan, Jerome H., 90n
- Katz, Abraham, 194n
-
Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 39–41, 435–436
- Keeney, Spurgeon, 4n
, 94n
, 108n
, 114–115,
246, 254
-
Keldysh, M., 65–66, 74
-
Kelly, John M., 331–332, 470n
- Kennan, George, 206
- Kennedy, John F., 45n
, 73, 117, 149, 207, 477
- Kerrigan, William M., 14n
, 39n
- Kharg Island, 341
-
Khrushchev, Nikita S., 58, 60, 73, 236
- Kinsolving, Lucien L., 370n
, 372n
- Kiselyak, Charles A., 547n
- Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 112n
- Kling (FRG), 468–469
- Knight, William E., 208n
-
Kohler, Foy,
116n
, 123, 242,
283, 285n
- Komarov, Vladimir, 114
- Komer, Robert W., 147, 151–152n
, 247, 253–254, 261, 263n
, 482–483
- Korea, 170–171
- Korry, Edward M., 144
- Kosygin, Aleksey, 192, 292, 510, 514
- Kotschnig, Walter M., 271n
- Kovach, Eugene, 5n
- Kreogh, Peter, 579n
- Kretzmann, Edwin M., 61n
, 63
- Krimer, William D., 115n
- Ku’baazi, 457
- Kurdish people, 338–339, 366
- Kuwait (see also
under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues):
- Latin America, 203, 442–443, 580
- Lattes, M., 43
- Lattu, Adm., 416
- Lebanon, 453, 455
- Leddy, Raymond G., 222n
- Lee, Phil, 478n
, 517
- LeFevre, Theodore, 13
- Lesh, Donald R., 39n
- Levy, Walter, 375, 377, 405–406n
, 435–436
- Libya (see also
under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues), 340, 397, 408
- Lieblich, William C., 583n
- Lightner, E. Allan, Jr., 271n
- Long, Richard G., 208n
- Lorenz, Joseph P., 194n
- Losada, Benito Paul, 464
- Lowenfeld, Andreas F., 324n
-
Loy, Frank E., 94n
, 155, 158,
164n
, 178n
, 183n
, 185n
, 194n
, 198, 199n
, 205
- Hijacking of commercial aircraft, 521–523, 525–533, 537n
, 538n
, 541, 547n
, 550n
, 551n
, 552n
- Water desalination, 222–225, 227–228, 231–234
- Luppi, Hobart, 222n
- Luzio, Frank di, 303
- Maaziq, Hussain, 430, 457
- MacArthur, Douglas II, 196–197
- Mackey, Cecil, 208
- Makhus (Syria), 369n
- Malmborg, Knute, 399n
, 538n
, 541n
- Mann, Thomas, 155, 223, 244n
, 247n
, 331
- Manned Orbital Research Laboratory, 99, 110
- Mansfield, Mike, 282n
- Margolies, Daniel F., 24n
- Marks, Leonard H., 86, 125–127, 148–151, 154–155, 205
- Marshall, Burke, 569–570
- Maxwell, Gen. Jewell C., 227–229
- McAvoy, Paul W., 306n
- McClelland, Donald H., 401n
, 404n
- McCloy, John J., 421
- McCone, John, 452–456
-
McCormack, James,
205, 282n
- McDivitt, James, 73
-
McGhee, George C., 445–446, 451n
, 459n
- McGrath, John B., 467n
- McKee, William F., 223, 229–230
- McKillop, David H., 566n
-
McNamara, Robert,
85n
, 86, 101, 112, 129, 133–134, 210n
, 261
- McNaughton, John T., 210n
, 221n
- Meadows, John, 521n
, 534n
, 540n
- Means, John E., 557n
, 561n
- Meehan, Francis J., 404n
- Mendelsohn, Allan J., 530, 534n
- Mexico, 245, 249,
259
- Hijacking of commercial aircraft, 527–528, 531, 533–534, 537–538, 546–547
- Mexican-American treaty rights, 577–578, 581, 583
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo grievances, 577–578, 581, 583
-
Meyer, Armin H., 341–343, 349–351, 353n
, 354n
, 361n
, 375–376,
389–390, 395–399
- Meyers, Howard, 90n
- Middle East Emergency Committee, 425
-
Miller, William K., 194n
, 201n
- Milner, James W., 73n
, 87n
- Mobil, 383–386
- Molkenboer, 336–337
- Molniya satellite communications system, 118,
173, 187–189
- Mondello (Italy), 6
- Monsma, George N., 573n
- Moore, Hugh, 499
-
Moore, J. Cordell,
332, 334, 424–425, 426n
, 433, 439n
, 446n
, 474
- Moose, Richard M., 73n
- Morgan, Thomas E., 305
- Monroney, A.S. Mike, 207
- Morris, Robert J., 42n
, 94n
- Morris, Willie, 355–358
- Mosasdeq, Mohammed, 350n
-
Moses, Henry,
381, 409n
- Moyers, Bill, 12, 146n
, 482n
, 494
- Muhieddin, Zakaria, 362
- Mulligan, John P., 377n
-
Murphy, C. H., Jr., 326–327
- Murray, Percival, 90n
- Murrow, Edward R., 206
-
Muusa, Khalifah,
430, 437–438, 469
- Myerson, Jacob M., 14n
- Nasher, Ray, 493n
- Nason, Rachel, 567n
, 568n
, 569n
- Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 330–331, 418–419
- National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) (see also
Petroleum issues), 320–321, 359–361, 368
- National Security Council Action Memoranda (NSAM):
- No. 252, 124n
- No. 285, 54–56
- No. 338, 143,
165, 176n
- No. 338, revised, 180–182
- No. 342, 153–154, 158–159, 168, 171
- No. 344, 230–231
- No. 345, 4n
- No. 354, 104–105
- No. 357, 9
- Nehmer, Stanley, 331
- Nelson, Thomas E., 158n
, 178n
, 199n
, 201n
- Nesbitt, Trevanion H.E., 81n
, 89n
, 91n
, 96n
, 125n
, 164n
, 185n
, 194n
- Netherlands, 22, 90n
, 92n
, 96, 381, 434
- Neuman, Robert H., 399n
- Newberry, Daniel O., 354n
-
Newman, Joseph K., 185n
- Newton, David G., 407n
, 470n
- Nickerson, Al, 461
- Nigeria, 147, 335–336, 417
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also
under Technology gap issues), 8, 13, 75–77, 80
- Novak, Alan, 301n
- O’Brien, Lawrence, 130n
-
Ockrent, Roger,
1–2
- O’Connell, Gen. James D., 104n
, 132–136,
142–143, 146–147, 151–152, 155–157, 158n
, 159n
, 163–166,
173–180, 205
- Oil embargo crisis, 1967 (see also Petroleum
issues; Six-Day War), 379, 416–421, 423–424, 467–468, 470–471
- Algeria, 426 428–429, 437, 448–449
- Apportionment issue, 445–446, 448
- Arab Heads of State conference, September 1967, 469–470
- Arab Oil Ministers meeting, Baghdad, 436–438, 467
- Arab Oil Ministers resolutions for embargo, 422
- Aramco, 419–421, 423, 431–432, 461–463, 470
- Bahrain, 426
- Belgian position, 434, 451
- British position, 423, 427
- CIA briefing, 452–456
- Defense Production Act of 1950, 424,
426n
, 440
- Department of Defense alternative sourcing, 416n
- Emergency Petroleum Supply Committee, 474
- Esso affiliates, 428–429
- Foreign Petroleum Supply Committee, 416n
, 424–425, 445–446, 447
- French position, 427–428, 433–434, 439,
442–443,
445–450
- German concerns, 442–443, 445–446, 450,
451n
, 468–469
- Greek position, 434, 451
- Gulf of Aqaba sovereignty, 422
- Gulf of Aqaba transit arrangement, 454, 456
- Iran, 473
- Iraq, 422–423, 426, 431–432, 453, 457–458, 464,
469, 473
- Japanese position, 434, 439
- Kuwait, 423–424, 426, 470
- Labor strikes, 431–433, 457
- Lebanese position, 423, 453, 455,
470, 473
- Libya, 424, 426, 430–431, 436–438, 444,
454–455,
457–458,
459–460,
469–470,
473
- Middle East Emergency Committee, 425
- Netherlands position, 434
-
OECD Oil Committee, 420, 424–425, 427–428, 433–435, 439–441, 447–451, 458–459, 465–466, 474
- Oil companies attempts to influence Western governments at request
of producers, 423, 425, 431–433, 436–438, 440,
443n
, 445, 448, 458–459, 461–462, 466–467
-
OPEC summit meeting, 472–473
- Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, 475–476
- Pipelines, effect on, 416, 418, 426
- Portuguese position, 451
- Post-crisis studies, 470–472
- Resumption of exports, 429–430, 459–460, 469–470
- Saudi Arabia, 423, 431–433, 453, 462–463, 464,
466–467,
469–470,
473
- Swedish position, 434
- Syria, 453
- Texas and Louisiana East Coast allowables, 455–456
- Turkish position, 451
- U.S. concerns about emergency, 426,
452–456
- U.S. response to European concerns, 445–448, 452–456, 467–468
- Venezuelan position, 464, 472–473
- Western organization to deal with crisis, 424–425
- World supplies, 416–419, 435–436, 442–443, 445–446, 474
- Oil Supply Advisory Committee, 425
- O’Leary, John F., 334n
- Oliver, Covey T., 541–544
-
Oliver, John G., 326n
, 333n
, 346–349,
352n
, 359n
, 370n
, 373n
, 375, 377n
, 387n
, 399n
, 404n
, 416–419,
424n
, 438–439n
, 446n
, 474n
- Ordaz, Diaz, 546
- Organization of African Unity, 560
- Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), 407–408, 475–476
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 15–16
- Industry Advisory Group, 424–425, 439–442, 448,
465–466
- Oil Committee Small Group, 336–337
- Science Ministers Conference, 1–2, 35–37, 40
- Science Policy Committee, 13
- Special Committee for Oil, 420, 424–425, 427–428, 433–435, 439–441, 447–451, 458–459, 465–466, 474
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) (see also
Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues), 337
-
Aramco position, 323–324
- Austrian position, 333
- British position, 317–322, 337
- Discounts, tax free, 346–349
- Establishment of, 315
- European position, 333, 326
- Iranian membership, 322–323
- Iraq Petroleum Company position, 321n
- Kuwaiti position, 326
- Negotiations with oil companies, 312n
, 321–322, 326, 340
- Prices, 319, 347–348
- Production programming, 348–349
- Resolutions 71 and 72, 346–349
- Saudi position, 322–323, 472–473
- Tax liabilities reference prices, 347
- U.S. position, 319–320, 322–323, 333,
337, 344–346
- Venezuelan position, 472–473
- Ortona, Egidio, 126–127
-
Osborne, Stanley De J., 207
- Outer space. See Space.
-
Owen, Henry,
61, 107–108, 112, 193
- Packard, Robert F., 103n
, 112n
-
Page, Howard,
342
- Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza Shah, 342–343, 349–351, 356, 360, 382–383, 388,390, 394–398, 405, 414
- Pakistan, 170–171
- Papal Commission on Justice and Peace, 500,
507
- Papal encyclicals:
-
Parkhurst, George,
402–403
- Parra, Alirio A., 464
- Patman, Joseph E., 164n
, 178n
, 446n
- Pauker, John, 519n
- Paul VI, Pope, 518–519
- Pelcovits, Nathan, 557n
- Pendleton, John, 419, 462
- Percival, Leroy F., 14n
, 81n
, 91n
, 96n
, 439n
, 467n
- Perry, Jack R., 42n
- Persons, Edward B., 557n
- Peterson, Dean F., 279, 286n
, 306n
, 308n
- Petree, Richard, 510n
- Petroleum issues (see also
Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries; Six-Day War):
- Abu Dhabi, 338–339, 343, 349, 397,
475
- Aden, 318
- Algeria, 339, 380, 383–386, 417,
475
- Arab Federation of Petroleum Workers, 337
- Arab nationalism and, 338
- Aramco, 320–321, 367, 374, 400,
410–411
- Bahrain, 376, 475
- British-U.S. consultation and coordination, 315–320, 331–332, 334–340, 354–358
-
ENI, possible entry into market,
325, 380
-
ERAP, possible entry into market,
380
- Esso and Mobil affiliates in Algeria, 383–384
- Financing the international oil industry, 340
- French policy, 339–340
- Indonesia, 347–348, 417
- Iran, 417–418
- Iranian Government (NIOC)-Consortium negotiations and settlement, 320–322, 339, 343,
349–361,
367–368,
374
- Iranian Government-Consortium differences about production, 341–343, 373–378, 382–383, 387–407, 412–415
- Iraq:
- Offshore concession bidding, 326–327
- Political situation and oil policy, 408–409
-
OAPEC membership, 475
- Soviet interest in oil, 397
- Iraq Oil Company, 320n
, 321n
, 368
- Iraq Petroleum Company, see Iraqi Government-IPC dispute below;
- Syrian Government-IPC dispute
below
- Iraqi Government-IPC dispute over
concessions, 324–325, 328–329, 338–339, 379–382
- Kharg Island, 341
- Kuwait, 343, 349, 397
- Labor issues, 337
- Libya, 340, 397, 408, 417–418, 460
- Maintenance of oil supplies, Western concerns, 318–319, 334–335, 374–376, 387–389, 391–393
- Nationalizations, 329, 330–331, 369n
, 383–386, 419–420
- Natural gas pipeline, 395
- Nigerian production, 335–336, 417
- North Sea production, 335
-
OECD Oil Committee and, 336–337, 386
- Offshore concession bidding, 326–327
- Oil companies’ position, 316, 398–406
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, 315, 317–320, 333,
337, 344–349
- Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, 407–408, 475–476
- Persian Gulf security, 401–402, 404–405
- Romania, 341, 350–351
- Saudi Arabia, 348, 349, 397,
364n
, 370n
- State-Interior Departments, dispute over U.S. policy, 331–332
- Socony Mobil affiliates in Syria, 330–331
- Syria, 330–331, 475
- Syrian Government-IPC dispute,
362–366,
368–373,
376
- United Arab Republic, 363, 417, 475
- Petroleum Security Subcommittee, 417
-
Peyrefitte, M. Alain,
13, 96
- Philippines, 396, 562
- Piercy, George, 403
- Pineau, Roger, 557n
-
Piret, Edgar L., 42n
, 191n
- Plimpton, Calvin, 421
-
Pollack, Herman,
39, 68–70n
, 81–88, 91n
, 92–93, 94n
, 98n
, 100n
, 112, 165,
240, 242, 244–246, 247n
, 258–262,
271–273, 284–285, 308n
- Pompidou, Georges, 208n
- Poole, Richard A., 519n
- Poor People’s Campaign, 576–582
- Popper, David H., 575
- Population growth issues, 495–498
- Anti-contraceptives legislation, French, 515
- Birth control, 477, 482, 495n
, 499
- British position, 516
- Bureau of the Budget position, 488n
, 489, 517n
- Congressional position, 479, 485, 491–493, 504–505, 512
- Family planning programs, 479, 494, 504–505, 512,
518–519
- Fertility research grant, 477
- French position, 515
- Indian position, 494
- Interdepartmental Working Group on Population Matters, 497
- International Cooperation Year, 484n
, 485–486
- Japanese position, 511, 516
- Pacem in Terris conference, 480–481
- Papal Commission on Justice and Peace, 500, 507
- Papal encyclicals:
- Population growth vs. production acceleration, 482
- Presidential Commission on Population, 478–480, 517–518
- Research, 477, 483
- UN position, 495n
, 501, 516n
- Vatican and Catholic position, 480n
, 495n
, 499–500, 502–509, 512,
518–519
- White House Conference on International Cooperation, 484–489, 491–493
- World Leaders’ Statement on Population, 494–495, 501–502, 510–512, 514–517
- Portugal, 451, 560, 564–566,
571–574
- Post, Richard StF., 334n
, 438n
-
Powell, A. Barry,
319–320
- Pratt, N. K., 475n
- Pridham (UK), 571
- Prill (FAA), 209, 211–212
- Project Orion, 61–62
- Project Symphonie plan, French-German, 185n
- Puhan, Alfred, 442n
- Qatar, 318, 475
- Quesada, Gen. Peter, 210–211
- Radius, Walter A., 194n
- Rambin, Howard, 461
- Ramey, James T., 241, 246, 250n
, 279, 288
- Ranger VII moon shot, 70
- Ravenholt, Reinert T., 510n
-
Razzaq, Arif Abdul,
409
-
Read, Benjamin H., 103, 200–201, 584–585
- Refugees (see also
Human rights issues), 585–586
- Revelle, Roger, 238n
-
Richardson, E.R., 561–563, 567n
, 574
-
Rielly, John E., 480–481, 499, 505–507
-
Rockefeller, John D., III, 478–480, 494–495, 501–502, 510–511, 514–515, 517n
- Rockefeller, Laurence, 517n
- Rockwell, Stuart W., 352n
, 355–358,
359n
, 399n
, 472–473
- Rogers, William D., 439n
, 446n
, 478n
- Rogerson, Francis M., 557n
- Romania, 341, 350–351
- Rooney, John J., 305
- Rosa, Joseph, 13, 247n
- Rosenberg, Martin, 73n
-
Rostow, Eugene,
435n
, 460n
, 470n
, 471
-
Rostow, Walt,
4–8, 50n
, 61, 68n
, 103, 107–108, 159n
, 194n
, 197–198,
199n
, 201, 442–443, 491–493, 584–585
- Petroleum issues, 352–353, 361,
387–389,
401–406,
410
- Water desalination, 265–271, 275–276, 279–282, 285–286, 288–289, 291–293, 298n
, 299–309, 311
- Rothschild, Edmund de, 292n
, 294n
- Rouhani, Fuad, 317–318
- Rowen, Henry, 253n
- Rubinacci (Italy), 35
- Rueda, Richard, 537n
-
Rusk, Dean,
104–107, 210n
, 421, 426
- Communication satellite issues, 152,
175–176,
187–190,
199–203
- European launcher development crisis, 91–93, 95, 97n
- Hijacking of commercial aircraft, 534,
541–547
- Human rights issues, 555–556, 566n
, 576–583
- Petroleum issues, 372–375, 383–384, 412–415
- Population growth issues, 478–480, 487,
494–498,
501–504,
510–512,
517–519
- Space exploration programs, 46, 55n
, 57–63,
66–67n
, 69, 72, 98n
, 100n
, 106, 108n
, 111–116, 119
- Technology gap issues, 3, 6, 27–28
- Water desalination, 258–260, 269,
304–305,
308–309
- Salans, Carl F., 386
- Salmon, William C., 244n
, 247n
, 250n
, 258n
- Sarabhai, 196–197
- Saudi Arabia (see also
under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues), 348, 364n
, 367, 370n
, 410–411
- Iranian position, 349, 397
-
OPEC participation, 322–323, 472–473
- Six-Day War, 419–421, 421n
, 462–463
- United Arab Republic, relations with, 420
- Water desalination, 259–260
- Saunders, Harold, 271, 274, 292n
, 299–303,
306n
, 310–314,
489
- Sayre, Robert, 526n
- Schaetzel, J. Robert, 91–92n
, 226–227
- Schiller, Karl, 442–443, 451n
- Schnee, Alexander, 201n
, 534n
- Schoellhorn (FRG), 443
-
Schultze, Charles,
253n
, 255–258,
266n
, 278n
, 285n
, 492–493
-
Schuman, Maurice,
35
- Scientific and technology related issues. See Technology gap issues.
- Scott, Joseph W., 552n
-
Seaborg, Glenn T., 89, 237, 239n
, 242–244,
250–251, 255, 283, 288–291, 300, 309n
-
Seamans, Dr. Robert C., 112
- Sedov, 117–118
- Seidenman, Neil, 26n
- Sergiechuk, 187–188
- Sherman, Norman, 69n
- Shriver, Sargeant, 42n
, 518
- Shuler, Robert L., 334n
- Silberstein, Joseph A., 178n
- Sinclair Oil Company, 327
-
Sisco, Joseph J., 258n
, 489, 557n
, 567n
, 568, 573n
- Six-Day War (see also Oil embargo
crisis, 1967), 423
- American University position, 421
- Arab demands for Israeli withdrawal, 432, 462
- Gulf of Aqaba transit arrangement, 454, 456
- Iranian position, 382n
- UAR provocation, 418–420
- Saudi position, 419–421, 462–463
- Syrian position, 419
- U.S. position, 453–454, 461–462
- Smith, Bromley, 73n
, 288n
- Smith, Michael E., 72n
, 96n
- Smith, Robert, 279
- Smythe, Hugh H., 369n
- Sneider, Richard, 176n
, 178n
- Sober, Sidney, 334n
- Sobotka, Clement, 524n
- Solomon, Anthony M., 135n
, 155, 178–179, 194n
, 201–203,
331–332, 346–349, 352n
, 359–360n
, 361, 377–381, 387–389, 392–393, 424n
, 435–436,
439n
, 446n
, 460n
, 534–535,
550–551
- South Africa, 414, 560, 564–565, 571–574, 579–580
- Soviet Bloc, 341, 350–351, 367, 397
- Soviet Union:
- Communication satellite issues, 121,
123–124,
128, 130–131, 148n
, 172, 187–190, 192–193, 204
- Oil, Middle East, interest in, 350–351, 397
- Intersputnik organization proposal, 194–200, 204
- Molniya satellite communications system, 118, 173, 187–189
- Soviet Bloc oil pricing, 351
- Space exploration programs, 57–61, 63–65, 78
-
NASA-Soviet Academy of
Science agreements, 47–49
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 45–49, 52–55,
58–59, 64–65, 73–74, 107–109, 115–118
- Soyuz 1 disaster, 113–114
- Space biology and medicine, 64–65
- Space Treaty, 118
- VOSKHOD–1 manned flight, 70
- Supersonic transport development, 206
- Syria, relations with, 419
- Water desalination, 235–240, 242,
243n
, 283–285, 292n
- Space exploration programs (see also
Communication satellite issues), 102
- Anti-satellite capability, 51
- Apollo program, 145
- Atlas-Centaur system, 102
- Atlas Standard Launch Vehicle, 102
- British position, 70
- British-U.S. cooperation, 72
- Canadian-U.S. cooperation, 72
- Committee on National Security Policy Planning report, 50–54
- Communication satellites, 53, 59, 99, 101
- ComSat corporation, 88
- Disarmament, 53, 59–61
- Echo II satellite, 47, 56, 117
- European launcher development crisis, 90–98, 100–107
- European-U.S. cooperation, 70, 75, 81–84, 109–110, 114–115
- Blue Streak technology sharing, 96
- British position, 106
- Department of Defense position, 86n
- Erhard communiqué, 72, 75, 79,
81–82
- European launcher development crisis and, 90–98
- European position, 106–107
- European Space Research Organization, 72, 79–80, 82–84, 105
- Nuclear weapons deployment, 51–52, 60
- French position, 75, 78–80
- French-U.S. cooperation, 72
- Funding, 113–114
- Gemini disaster, 113–114
- Gemini manned flights, 70, 73–74
- German position, 106
- German-U.S. cooperation, 72, 88
- International cooperation, 49, 52–53, 71, 80
- Italian-U.S. cooperation, 72
- Jupiter probe, 81–82, 105
- Lunar exploration, 45, 47, 52–53, 57–58, 99
- Manned Orbital Research Laboratory, 99,
110
- Meteorology, 51, 59
- Military implications, 46, 50–52, 110
-
NASA position, 115, 117–118
-
NASC meetings, 67–69
- National defense communications satellite system, 181–182
- NATO role, 75–77, 80
- NSC Action Memoranda:
- Nuclear weapons deployment, 85n
, 101
- Post-Apollo program, 98–99, 107–114
- Project Orion, 61–62
- Public relations, international, 70–71
- Ranger VII moon shot, 70
- Reconnaissance satellites, 60
- Soviet policy, 57–61
- Soviet Soyuz 1 disaster, 113–114
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 45–49, 52–55, 58–59, 63–65, 73–74, 107–109, 115–118
- Gemini launch invitation, 73–74
- Mars missions, 65
- Molniya communications satellite system, 118
-
NASA-Soviet Academy of
Science agreements, 47–49
- Space biology and medicine, 64–65
- Space Treaty, 118
- Soviet VOSKHOD–1 manned flight, 70
- Space law issues, 59–60
- UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 64
- UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space,
194n
, 196
- UN General Assembly Resolution 1884 (VIII), 60n
- U.S. program, concerns re, 61–63
- Spaey (Belgium), 21–22
- Spain, 245
- Sparkman, John J., 534
- Spielman, Herbert, 333n
- Springer, James Van R., 194n
- Springsteen, George S., 5n
, 14n
, 178n
, 201n
, 442n
- Stabler, Wells, 547n
-
Starbird, Alfred D., 128, 158
- Starkey, Joseph F., 222n
, 334n
- Stevenson, Adlai, 561–563
-
Stewart, Sir Michael,
97n
, 378
- Stibravy, William J., 567n
- Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 284
-
Stoltenberg, Gerhard,
12, 35, 92, 96
- Strauss, Adm. Lewis J., 292n
, 294n
, 295–297,
299
- Stromayer, James, 474n
-
Strong, Robert,
328–329
- Styles, Michael, 231n
, 537–538n
, 540n
, 552n
- Suer, Rene, 191
- Suez crisis of 1957, 425
- Sulzberger, Cyrus, 293
- Supersonic transport development:
- Airworthiness standards, 216n
- Anglo-French consortium, 207–208, 209–212
- Costs, 228, 230
- Engines, 212
- Environmental considerations, 218–220
-
FAA airworthiness certification,
222–224
- Fare cost, 232
- Financing, 207
- International aviation, political implications, 231–232
- Marketability, 222n
, 223
- NSC Action Memorandum No. 344, 230–231
- Sonic boom issue, 213, 218–220, 233–234
- Soviet program, 206
- Technical problems, 207
- Tripartite talks (FAUSST
group), 213–217, 224–225, 228–229
- U.S.-Anglo-French consortium cooperation, 215–217, 221–222
- U.S. prototype, 218, 228–230
- Sweden, 126, 204,
434
- Symmes, Harrison M., 326n
- Syria (see also Syria and Syrian subheadings under Oil embargo crisis, 1967; Petroleum issues), 338, 419
-
OAPEC membership, 475
- Socony Mobil subsidiaries, nationalization of, 330–331
- Six-Day War, 419, 423
- Terrorist training, 405
-
Talbot, Phillips,
317, 319–320, 330–331
-
Talib, Naji,
370–371, 379
- Tariki, Abdullah, 325
- Technology gap issues:
- Aeronautics industry, 25
- Belgian position, 2, 13, 22, 27, 36–37
- Brain drain, 1–2, 11
- British position, 13, 16, 22, 24–25, 37
- Commercial Technical Advisory Board, 40
- Computer technology, 4–5, 25, 28–29, 43
- Department of Defense procurement policy, 38, 40
- Education expansion, 24
- Euratom cooperation, 15, 17
- European mission proposal, 24
- European position, 1–2, 13, 22–28, 30–31, 35–37, 40
- European-U.S. cooperation, 7–8, 11–12
- Fanfani proposal, 3n
, 6–8,
15–16,
21–22
- French position, 2, 13, 35–37, 43–44
- German position, 23, 25, 35
- Greek position, 23
- Interdepartmental Committee on the Technology Gap, 9–13, 20–21, 26, 28–34, 37–44
- Italian position, 3n
, 6–8,
16, 21–22, 35
- Japanese position, 36
- Marshall Plan for technology, 3n
, 15
-
NASA Technology Utilization
Program, 5
- Nationalism, influence of, 25
- Netherlands position, 22
- North Atlantic Council meeting, 21–23, 27–28
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization:
- Computer center proposal, 4–5
- Conference of National Armaments Directors, 17–19
- Role, 13–19, 22
- NSC Action Memorandum No. 357, 9
- Nuclear energy cooperation, 15, 17
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 13, 15–16, 35–37, 40
- Research and development, 2, 10–11, 24, 36
- Science Ministers Conference, 1–2
- Space exploration cooperation, 15, 17
- Special Working Group establishment, 23
- State Technical Service Program, 5
- Technological Information Service, 5
- U.S. position, 14–16, 28–34
- World trade balance, 3
- Thant, U, 483n
, 495n
, 516n
- Thompson, George, 92–93, 247n
, 258n
, 284–285,
514
-
Thompson, Llewellyn,
73n
, 243n
, 244n
- Thomson, George, 95, 568
- Tiger, M. Gordon, 326n
- Tijerna, Reies Lopez, 583
- Torbert, Horace G., Jr., 308n
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 577–578, 581, 583
- Tree, Marietta, 561n
, 562–563
- Trenary, Mark B., 557n
-
Trezise, Philip H., 41n
, 447n
, 451
- Tunisia, 235, 566n
- Turkey, 170, 451,
561–562
- Twinam, Joseph W., 344n
- Tyler, William R., 61n
-
Udall, Stewart,
237, 239n
, 243n
, 250–251,
255, 259, 260n
, 271, 285n
, 300, 309n
, 332, 411,
426, 479, 518
- UN Commission on Human Rights, 555, 587–588
- UN Commissioner on Human Rights proposal, 569–570
- UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 64
- UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 194n
, 196
- UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,
555
- UN International Conference on Human Rights, 567–568, 570–571, 574–575
- UN International Human Rights Year, 557–560, 561–563
- UN International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium, 204
- United Arab Republic, 330–331, 338, 363, 417, 420, 475
- Desalination project, 241, 245, 262–271, 289–291, 294n
, 295–297
-
OAPEC membership, 475
- Six-Day War, 419, 423
- Terrorist training, 405
- United Kingdom (see also British-U.S. consultation and coordination under
Petroleum issues):
- Blue Streak technology sharing, 96
- Common Market entry, 20
- Communication satellite issues, 123,
127, 135n
, 144, 185–186, 204
- East of Suez military withdrawal, 401,
404
- Human rights issues, 567–568, 570–571, 573
- Nuclear power plants, 307
- Oil embargo crisis, 423, 427
- Oil Emergency Advisory Committee, 425
- Population growth issues, 516
- Space exploration programs, 70, 72
- Supersonic transport development, 208,
209n
, 211–213, 218–219, 225–227
- Technology gap issues, 13, 16, 22, 24–25, 37
- Water desalination, 292n
, 299–300
- United Nations (see also UN headings):
- Nuclear weapons deployment in space, 60
- Population growth issues, 477, 479, 483n
, 495n
, 501, 516n
- Resolutions:
- General Assembly Resolution 1884 (XVIII), 60n
- General Assembly Resolution 1904 (XVIII), 555
- General Assembly Resolution 1961 (XVIII), 563n
- General Assembly Resolution 2081 (XX), 563n
- Resolution on Population, 501
- Security Council Resolution 242, 405n
- Uquaily, Ghanum, 409
- Vaky, Viron, 541n
, 547n
, 550–551,
551n
, 552n
- Valenti, Jack, 251–253, 255–258, 298, 301n
- Van Nort, Leighton, 478n
, 510n
- Vance, Cyrus, 124–125, 130n
, 210n
-
Vanden Boeynants, Paul,
27–28, 36
- Vatican:
- Papal Commission on Justice and Peace, 500, 507
- Papal encyclicals:
- Venezuela, 347–348, 391, 464, 472–473,
530
- Vergnaud (France), 209, 226–227
- Vietnam War, oil supplies, 452
-
Vinson, Fred,
543n
- Voge, Jean Paul, 191
-
Volio, Jimenez Fernando,
561–562
- Vonier, John W., 344n
- Wacrenier, M., 44
- Wagner, Joseph J., 566n
, 573n
- Waldheim, Kurt, 194n
, 196–197
- Walsh, John, 3n
, 301n
, 377n
- Warner, Rawleigh, 330–331
- Warvariv, Constantine, 557n
- Water desalination, 235–236
-
AID position, 257
-
AEC role, 237, 243n
, 289–291, 309n
, 311
- Baker resolution, 300, 303–305
- British position, 292n
, 299–300
- Budget, 239, 241, 246–247
- California pilot plant, 300, 302, 307
- Capacity, 238, 245, 252, 296
- Committee on Foreign Desalting Programs, establishment, 242–244
- Congressional position, 256, 282, 300,
303–305,
312
- Consortium proposal, 307
- Economic feasibility, 238, 249, 262,
266–267,
270, 287–288, 296–297, 304, 306,
309n
, 311
- Eisenhower initiative, 200–297
- Expanded program proposal, 248, 250n
, 251–253
- Financing and budgetary issues, 246–248, 253–257, 272–273, 277, 282n
, 296, 307
- First International Conference on Desalting, 255, 258–259
- Food factories concept, 287, 294, 300–301
- Greece, 245
- IAEA role, 263n
, 267–268, 276
- International cooperation, 247–250, 255–260
- International Symposium on Desalting, 248, 250
- International Water For Peace Conference, 277, 281–282, 284–287
- Investment commitment, 245–246
- Israeli nuclear project, 235–236, 241,
244–245,
249, 252, 261, 267–270, 276, 287,
289–291,
294n
, 295–299, 301–302, 308–314
- Italian position, 307
- Mexico, 241, 245, 249, 259
- Nuclear proliferation issue, 256, 263
- Nuclear reactors, 237–238
- Nuclear safeguards, 267–268, 276,
290, 296, 301–302
- Oak Ridge demonstration project, 300,
302–303
- Research and development budget, 238,
246
- Rothschild proposal, 200–300, 292n
, 294n
- Saline Water Conversion Act of 1965, 249
- Saudi Arabian agreement, 259–260
- Soviet-U.S. cooperation, 235–240, 242,
243n
, 283
- Spain, 245
- Technology, 238n
, 245, 248–249, 251–252, 256, 259,
280, 306–307
- Tunisia, 235
- UAR project, 241, 245, 262–271, 289–291, 294n
, 295–297
- UAR-Israel project, 274
- U.S.-Mexican desalting agreements, 241
- Water for Peace program, 271–273, 276–279, 281–282, 284–289, 290,
292n
- Water for Peace program. See under Water desalination
.
- Watson, Barbara, 135–136, 146n
, 524n
- Watson, Marvin, 24n
-
Wattari, Abdul Aziz,
320–321, 409
-
Webb, James E., 12, 45n
, 46–49, 56, 63–66, 69n
, 73–75, 86, 89, 91–92, 112, 166, 196, 200
- Weinberg, Alvin, 287–288, 294
-
Welch, Leo,
125
-
Welsh, Edward C., 54, 67–68, 85, 87–89, 112, 114, 116–119, 130n
, 167n
- White, Edward, 73, 113
- Widenor, William C., 569n
-
Wiesner, Jerome,
89, 262–264
- Wilkes, John, 247n
- Wilkins, Roy, 575
- Williams, Franklin H., 563, 569–570
- Williams, Margaret H., 585n
- Williams, Thomas, 521n
- Wilson, Harold, 13, 37, 208n
, 292n
, 516n
- Wilson, Henry, 282
- Wilson, Thomas W., 73n
- Wollam, Park, 537n
, 540n
- Wolle, William D., 326n
, 328n
-
Woods, George D., 305–314
- Woodward, Robert F., 286n
, 298, 301n
, 303
- Wriggins, Howard, 159n
-
Wright, Sir Denis,
375n
, 376
- Wright, Marian, 341, 582n
- Wright, Robert, 475n
- Wynne, Hugh, 430
- Ximenes, Vicente, 581
-
Yamani, Ahmad Zaki,
364n
, 367, 408n
, 419–420,
423, 431–433, 462–463, 466–467, 469, 473, 475–476
- Zjilstra (Netherlands), 511
- Zu’bi (Syria), 369
- Zwick, Charles E., 305