Historical Documents - Office of the Historian

Aaron, David L., Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Adams, Brock, Secretary of Transportation from January 23, 1977, until July 20, 1979
Albright, Madeleine, Congressional Relations Officer, National Security Council Staff, from March 1978 until January 1981
Alexander, Clifford L., Jr., Secretary of the Army
Allen, James B., Senator (D-Alabama) until June 1, 1978
Andrus, Cecil D., Secretary of the Interior
Aragon, Joseph, Special Assistant to the President from January 1977 until January 1979
Armao, Robert F., Chief Aide to Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran
Atwood, J. Brian, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations and Legislative Officer for Atomic Energy, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Legal Adviser, from 1977 until 1979; Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations from August 3, 1979, until January 14, 1981
AuCoin, Walter (“Les”), member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Oregon)

Baker, Howard H., Jr., Senator (R-Tennessee); Senate Minority Leader
Barkley, Richard C., Special Assistant to Ambassador at Large Ellsworth Bunker from 1974 until 1977
Bauman, Robert E., member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-Maryland); Ranking Minority Member, Panama Canal Subcommittee
Bayh, Birch, Senator (D-Indiana); Chairman, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence from January 4, 1977, until December 16, 1980
Barletta, Nicolás Ardito, Panamanian Minister of Planning and Economic Policy
Beckel, Robert G., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations from March 1977 until December 1977; Special Assistant to the President, White House Congressional Liaison Office, from January 1978
Becker, John P., Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State
Bell, Griffin B., Attorney General from January 26, 1977, until July 19, 1979
Bell, S. Morey, Director, Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Relations, Department of State
Bellmon, Henry L., Senator (R-Oklahoma)
Bennet, Douglas J., Jr., Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations from March 18, 1977, until August 2, 1979; thereafter Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development
Berger, Samuel R., member, Policy Planning Staff, Department of State
Biden, Joseph R., Jr., Senator (D-Delaware)
Blumenthal, W. Michael, Secretary of the Treasury from January 23, 1977, until July 19, 1979
Bonior, David E., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Michigan)
Borg, C. Arthur, Special Assistant to the Secretary and Executive Secretary, Department of State, until April 15, 1977; thereafter Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Vienna
Bowdler, William G., U.S. Ambassador to South Africa until April 19, 1978; Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from April 24, 1978, until December 17, 1979; Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs from December 17, 1979, until January 16, 1981
Bowen, David, member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Mississippi)
Boyd, Aquilino Edgardo, Panamanian Foreign Minister until February 1977
Bremer, L. Paul, III, Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Oslo until 1979; thereafter Deputy Executive Secretary of the Department of State
Brizill, Dorothy A., Special Assistant to Deputy Secretary of State Christopher from 1977 until 1979
Brooke, Edward W. III, Senator (R-Massachusetts) until January 3, 1979
Brooks, Elmer T., Colonel, USAF; Military Assistant to Secretary of Defense Brown
Brown, George S., General, USAF; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from July 1, 1974, until June 20, 1978
Brown, Harold, Secretary of Defense
Brzezinski, Zbigniew K., Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Bunker, Ellsworth, U.S. Ambassador at Large until June 30, 1978, Department of State
Burdick, Quentin N., Senator (D-North Dakota)
Bushnell, John A., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs
Butler, Landon, Deputy Assistant to the President from 1977 until 1979; Deputy to the White House Chief of Staff from 1979 until 1981
Byrd, Harry F., Senator (I-Virginia)
Byrd, Robert C., Senator (D-West Virginia); Senate Majority Leader

Calderón, Jamie Arias, Panamanian lawyer and negotiator
Califano, Joseph A., Jr., Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from January 25, 1977, until August 3, 1979
Campbell, Alan K., Director, Office of Personnel Management from January 2, 1979, until January 20, 1981
Cannon, Howard, Senator (D-Nevada)
Carrington, Peter, British Foreign Secretary from May 1979
Carter, James Earl, Jr., (“Jimmy”), President of the United States
Carter, J. Hodding, III, Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs and Department of State Spokesperson from March 25, 1977, until June 30, 1980
Case, Clifford P., Senator (R-New Jersey) until January 3, 1979
Castro Ruz, Fidel, Premier of Cuba
Christopher, Warren M., Deputy Secretary of State
Chester, Geraldeen, Attorney-Adviser, Office of the Assistant Legal Adviser for Inter-American Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State
Chiles, Lawton, Senator (D-Florida)
Church, Frank, Senator (D-Idaho)
Claytor, W. Graham, Jr., Deputy Secretary of Defense from August 24, 1979, until January 16, 1981
Clift, A. Denis, member, National Security Council staff, from 1974 until 1977; thereafter Assistant to the Vice President for National Security Affairs
Contreras, Armando, Lieutenant Colonel, GN; GN Representative, Panamanian negotiating team
Cooper, Richard N., Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs
Cranston, Alan, Senator (D-California)
Cronkite, Walter, anchor, CBS Evening News
Curtis, Carl T., Senator (R-Nebraska)
Cutter, Curtis, Legislative Officer, Inter-American Affairs, Bureau of Congressional Relations, Department of State

Danforth, John C., Senator (R-Missouri)
DeConcini, Dennis W., Senator (D-Arizona)
Denend, Leslie G., member, Global Issues Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from July 1977 until June 1979; Special Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security affairs from January 1980 until January 20, 1981
Derwinski, Edward, member, U.S. House of Representative (D-Illinois)
Dodson, Christine, Deputy Staff Secretary, National Security Council, from January 1977 until May 1977; thereafter Staff Secretary, National Security Council
Dole, Robert, Senator (R-Kansas)
Dolvin, Welborn G., Lieutenant General, USA; Department of Defense Representative for Panama Canal Treaty Affairs
Dornan, Robert, member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-California)
Duncan, Charles W., Jr., Deputy Secretary of Defense from January 31, 1977, until July 26, 1979

Eastland, James O., Senator (D-Mississippi) until December 27, 1978
Eizenstat, Stuart E., President’s Assistant for Domestic Affairs and Policy and Executive Director of the Domestic Council
Escobar Betancourt, Rómulo, Principal Panamanian Negotiator, Panama Canal Treaty

Ford, Charles R., Deputy and Acting Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works until 1978; thereafter Executive Assistant and Staff Director to the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
Ford, Gerald R., President of the United States from August 9, 1974, until January 20, 1977
Ford, Wendell H., Senator (D-Kentucky)
Francois-Poncet, Jean, French Minister of Foreign Affairs

Ghotbzadeh, Sadegh, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Iran from November 29, 1979, until August 1980
Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry, President of France
Glenn, John H., Jr., Senator (R-Ohio)
Goldsmith, Sydney, Operations Center, Executive Secretariat, Office of the Secretary, Department of State
Goldwater, Barry, Senator (R-Arizona); Chairman, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, from January 5, 1981, until October 12, 1984
Gonzalez, Raymond E., Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Panama City, until 1978; thereafter U.S. Ambassador to Ecuador
Gonzalez, Rodrigo “Rory”, aide and confidant of Torrijos
Gonzalez-Revilla, Nicolas, Panamanian Ambassador to the United States until February 1977; thereafter Panamanian Foreign Minister
Grove, Brandon H., Jr., Acting Inspector General of the Department of State and the Foreign Service from May 1978 until July 1978; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs from 1979 until 1980
Granum, Rex, White House Deputy Press Secretary
Guthrie, Donald K., Congressional Affairs Adviser, Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State

Haahr, James C., Director, Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State
Habib, Philip C., Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs from July 1, 1976, until April 1, 1978
Hansell, Herbert J., Legal Advisor of the Department of State from April 8, 1977, until September 20, 1979
Hatch, Orrin, Senator (R-Utah)
Hatfield, Mark, Senator (R-Oregon)
Hayakawa, Samuel, Senator (R-California)
Heinz, Henry John, III, Senator (R-Pennsylvania)
Helms, Jesse A., Senator (R-North Carolina)
Hemenway, Brewster R., Director, Office of Central American Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State, from January 1979 until July 1980
Hodges, Kaneaster, Jr., Senator (D-Arkansas) from December 15, 1977
Hodges, Luther H., Jr., Under Secretary of Commerce from 1979 until 1980; Deputy Secretary of Commerce from 1980 until 1981
Hoinkes, Mary E., Assistant Legal Adviser for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State
Holbrooke, Richard C., Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs
Holcolmb, M. Staser, Rear Admiral, USN; Military Assistant to Secretary of Defense Brown
Hollings, Ernest F. (“Fritz”), Senator (D-South Carolina)
Holloway, James L., III, Admiral, USN; Chief of Naval Operations from 1974 until 1978
Hornblow, Michael, Acting Staff Secretary, National Security Council staff, from January until May 1977; thereafter Country Officer, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Department of State
Hubbard, Carroll, member, U.S. House of Representatives, (D-Kentucky); Chairman, Panama Canal Subcommittee
Huddleston, Walter, Senator (D-Kentucky)
Humphrey, Hubert H., Jr., Senator (D-Minnesota) until his death on January 13, 1978
Hutcheson, Richard, White House Staff Secretary
Hyland, William G., member, National Security Council staff

Inderfurth, Karl F. (“Rick”), Special Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs from January 1977 until April 1979; Deputy Staff Director, Senate Foreign Relations Committee, from 1979 until 1981
Inouye, Daniel K., Senator (D-Hawaii)

Jackson, Henry M. (“Scoop”), Senator (D-Washington)
Javits, Jacob K., Senator (D-New York)
Jones, David C., General, USAF; Chief of Staff, USAF, from 1974 until 1978; Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff from June 21,1978, until June 18,1982
Jordan, Hamilton, Assistant to the President from 1977 until July 1979; White House Chief of Staff from July 1979 until June 1980
Jorden, William J., U.S. Ambassador to Panama from April 17, 1974, until August 25, 1978

Katz, Julius L., Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs until November 1979
Kissinger, Henry A., former Secretary of State and Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Knoche, Enno H., Deputy Director, Central Intelligence Agency, from July 7, 1976, until August 1, 1977; Acting Director from January 20, 1977, until March 9, 1977
Komer, Robert W., Under Secretary of Defense for Policy
Kozak, Michael G., Attorney-Adviser, Office of the Assistant Legal Adviser for Inter-American Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State, until 1978; thereafter Assistant Legal Adviser for Inter-American Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State
Kreps, Juanita Morris, Secretary of Commerce from January 23, 1977, until October 4, 1979

Lakas Bahas, Demetrio Basilio, President of Panama from December 19, 1969, until October 11, 1978
Laxalt, Paul, Senator (R-Nevada)
Levin, Carl, Senator (D-Michigan) from January 3, 1979
Lewis Galindo, Gabriel, Panamanian Ambassador to the United States; Panamanian Ambassador at Large
Linowitz, Sol M., Panama Canal Treaty Co-Negotiator from February 10, 1977, until August 10, 1977, Department of State
Lipshutz, Robert J., White House Counsel
Long, Russell, Senator (D-Louisiana)
López-Portillo, Jose, President of Mexico from December 1976 until November 1982
Luers, William H., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs until 1977; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs from 1977 until 1978; Ambassador to Venezuela from October 9, 1978

Manfredo, Fernando, Minister to the President of Panama
Mansfield, William H., III, Office of Environmental Affairs, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
Massey, Donald F., Assistant Legislative Counsel, Office of Legislative Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency
Matsunaga, Spark, Senator (D-Hawaii)
McAfee, William, Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
McAuliffe, Dennis P., Lieutenant General, USA; Commander in Chief, United States Southern Command from 1975 until 1979; Administrator, Panama Canal Commission from 1979
McClellan, John L., Senator (D-Arkansas) until November 28, 1977
McCloskey, Paul N., Jr, member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-California)
McCullough, David, Historian and author
McGiffert, David E., Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
McGovern, George, Senator (D-South Dakota)
McIntyre, James T., Jr., Deputy Director, Office of Management and Budget, from February 1977 until September 1977; thereafter Director
McIntyre, Thomas J., Senator (D-New Hampshire) until January 3, 1979
Meany, William George, President of the AFL–CIO to 1979
Melcher, John, member, U.S. House of Representatives until 1977; Senator (D-Montana) from 1977.
Metcalf, Lee, Senator (D-Montana) until January 12, 1978
Metzenbaum, Howard, Senator (D-Ohio)
Mondale, Walter F. (“Fritz”), Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate
Morgan, Robert B., Senator (D-North Carolina)
Moore, Frank, Assistant to the President for Congressional Liaison
Moss, Ambler H., Jr., Special Assistant to Sol M. Linowitz in 1977; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations from 1977 until 1978; U.S. Ambassador to Panama from September 1978
Murphy, Daniel J., Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
Murphy, John M. (“Jack”), member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-New York)
Muskie, Edmund S., Secretary of State from May 8, 1980, until January 18, 1981

Noriega, Manuel, Lieutenant Colonel, GN; Panamanian Intelligence Chief, GN
Nunn, Samuel, Jr., Senator (D-Georgia)
Nutting, Wallace, Lieutenant General, USA; Commander in Chief, United States Southern Command, from October 1, 1979

Oberstar, James L., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Minnesota)
Okita, Saburo, Foreign Minister of Japan from November 1979
O’Neill, Thomas Phillip (“Tip”), Jr., member, U.S. House of Representatives, (D-Massachusetts); Speaker of the House of Representatives
Orfila, Alejandro, Secretary General, Organization of American States
Owen, Henry D., Ambassador at Large and Coordinator for Economic Summit Affairs from 1978, Department of State

Packman, Martin, Deputy Director for Research, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
Parfitt, Harold R., Major General; USA; Governor of the Panama Canal Zone from 1975 until 1979
Pastor, Robert A., member, Latin American/Caribbean, North/South Cluster, National Security Council Staff
Patton, David W., Lieutenant Colonel, USA; Chief of the Operations and Training Division, United States Southern Command
Percy, Charles H., Senator (R-Illinois)
Perez, Carlos Andres, President of Venezuela
Pezzullo, Lawrence A., Bureau of Congressional Relations, Department of State, in 1977; U.S. Ambassador to Uruguay from 1977 until 1979; U.S. Ambassador to Nicaragua from 1979
Pinochet, Augusto, President of Chile
Popper, David H., Deputy for Panama Canal Treaty Affairs, Office of the Secretary, until 1978; thereafter Special Representative of the Secretary for Panama Treaty Affairs, Department of State
Powell, Jody, White House Press Secretary
Precht, Henry, Deputy Director, Office of Security Assistance and Sales, Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, Department of State, in 1977; Deputy Director, Regional Affairs, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Department of State, in 1978; thereafter Director, Office of Iranian Affairs, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Department of State
Press, Frank, Special Adviser to the President for Science and Technology and Director, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, from June 1, 1977
Pritchard, Joel, member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-Washington)

Randolph, Jennings, Senator (D-West Virginia)
Raphel, Arnold L., member, Policy Planning Staff, Department of State, from 1978 until 1979; Special Assistant to the Secretary of State from 1979
Read, Benjamin H., Deputy Under Secretary of State for Management (title changed to Under Secretary of State for Management in October 1978)
Reagan, Ronald, U.S. President-elect in 1980
Ribicoff, Abraham A., Senator (D-Connecticut) until January 3, 1981
Riegle, Donald W. Jr., Senator (D-Michigan)
Rogers, Bernard W., General, USA; Army Chief of Staff until June 21, 1979; thereafter Supreme Allied Commander, NATO
Roth, William V., Jr., Senator (R-Delaware)
Royo, Aristides, Panamanian Minister of Education; President of Panama from October 11, 1978

Sarbanes, Paul S., Senator (D-Maryland)
Sasser, James, Senator (D-Tennessee)
Saunders, Harold H., Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, until April 10, 1978; thereafter Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs
Schecter, Jerrold, member, Press and Congressional Liaison Office, National Security Council Staff; Press Officer and Associate Press Secretary from January 1977 until February 1980
Schmitt, Harrison, Senator (R-New Mexico)
Sebastian, Peter, Deputy Executive Secretary, Department of State
Smith, William Y., General, USAF; Assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff until 1979; thereafter Chief of Staff for Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers, Europe
Snyder, Marion Eugene (“Gene”), member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-Kentucky)
Solarz, Stephen J., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-New York)
Solomon, Anthony M., Under Secretary of the Treasury for Monetary Affairs from March 1977 until March 1980; New York Federal Reserve Bank President from April 1980
Somoza Garcia, Anastasio, President of Nicaragua
Smith, Neal, member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Iowa)
Sparkman, John J., Senator (D-Alabama); Co-Chairman, Senate Foreign Relations Committee until January 3, 1979
Spear, Moncreiff J., Deputy Coordinator for Human Rights, Office of the Deputy Secretary of State, until mid-1977; member, Panama Canal Treaty Task Force, from mid-1977 until 1979
Spiegel, John W., Special Assistant to Deputy Secretary of State Christopher from 1978
Stennis, John C., Senator (D-Mississippi)
Stone, Richard, Senator (D-Florida)
Strauss, Robert S., Special Representative for Trade Negotiations from 1977 until 1979; Personal Representative of the President from April 1979
Stroessner, Alfredo, President of Paraguay

Tack, Juan, Foreign Minister of Panama from 1969 until 1976; Chief Panamanian Negotiator for the Panama Canal Treaties from 1970 until 1976
Talmadge, Herman, Senator (D-Georgia)
Tarnoff, Peter R., Special Assistant to the Secretary and Executive Secretary, Department of State
Taylor, T. Elkin, Chief, Political Section, U.S. Embassy in Panama City until 1979; thereafter Legislative Management Officer for Inter-American Affairs, Bureau of Congressional Relations, Department of State
Thatcher, Margaret, British Prime Minister from 1979
Thomson, Robert, White House Congressional Liaison Aide
Thurmond, James Strom, Senator (R-South Carolina)
Todman, Terence A., Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs until June 1978; Ambassador to Spain from July 20, 1978
Torrijos Herrera, Omar, General, GN; Military leader of Panama
Tower, John, Senator (R-Texas)
Trudeau, Pierre, Prime Minister of Canada
Turner, Stansfield, Admiral, USN; Director of Central Intelligence
Twaddell, William H., Special Assistant to Secretary of State Vance until 1979

Vaky, Viron P. (“Pete”), Ambassador to Venezuela until June 24, 1978; Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs from July 18, 1978, until November 30, 1979
Vance, Cyrus R., Secretary of State from January 23, 1977, until April 20, 1980
Vargas, Felix C., Special Assistant to Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Newsom

Waldheim, Kurt Josef, United Nations Secretary-General
Warren, Charles, Chairman, Council on Environmental Quality, from 1977 until 1979
Weicker, Lowell P., Senator (R-Connecticut)
Wells, William W., Deputy Director for Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
Wilson, Louis H., Jr., General, USMC; Commandant of the Marine Corps until June 1979
Wyrough, Richard R., Deputy Country Director and Senior Treaty Affairs Adviser, Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State, in 1977; thereafter Deputy Director, Office of Panamanian Affairs, Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State

Young, Andrew J., U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations from January 30, 1977, until September 23, 1979

Zablocki, Clement J., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Wisconsin)
Zorinsky, Edward, Senator (D-Nebraska)

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume XXIX, Panama

Persons