United States Representation in the United Nations System, 1951 1
Missions
Mission at the Headquarters of the United Nations
The United States is represented by a permanent mission at the headquarters of the United Nations in New York. Under the direction of the representative of the United States to the United Nations, the mission carries out the instructions of the President, as transmitted by the Secretary of State, in United Nations bodies at the headquarters of the United Nations. It also serves as the channel of communication [Page 3] between the Department of State and the United Nations organs, agencies, and commissions at the headquarters and the delegations of other nations to the United Nations located in New York. It is a base of operations for the United States delegation to the General Assembly when the Assembly meets in New York.
The structure, organization, and functions of the United States mission to the United Nations have been determined in the main by the following factors:
- 1.
- The requirements of the United Nations Charter and the resolutions of the organs of the United Nations, the General Assembly in particular.
- 2.
- The provisions of the United Nations Participation Act as amended by Public Law 341 of the Eighty-first Congress.
- 3.
- Executive Order 10108, which superseded Executive Order 9844.
- 4.
- Location of the headquarters of the United Nations in the United States and the consequent need for the United States to assume the responsibilities of “host government.”
- 5.
- The fact that the United States, in consequence of its leadership role in the United Nations, is represented on all organs and virtually all commissions and committees of the United Nations.
The chief of the mission is the United States representative to the United Nations, who, by statute, is the United States representative in the Security Council. He is assisted by a deputy representative of the United States to the United Nations, who, by statute, is deputy United States representative in the Security Council. There is also a second deputy representative in the Security Council. Other principal officers of the mission are the United States representatives on the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council.
During 1951 the chief of the mission served, with the assistance of deputies, as United States representative in the Atomic Energy Commission, in the Commission for Conventional Armaments, and in the following Committees of the General Assembly: The Interim Committee, the Collective Measures Committee, and the Committee on Additional Measures. The Disarmament Commission, established under a General Assembly resolution of January 11, 1952, supersedes the Atomic Energy Commission and the Commission for Conventional Armaments. The United States representative and a deputy representative have been designated to serve on this Commission.
The main source of policy guidance and strategical direction for the conduct of the United States participation in the United Nations is necessarily the Department of State. The mission, however, has a staff consisting of a small number of advisers and a secretariat under a secretary-general and a deputy secretary-general. The advisers assist the United States representative in (1) planning the tactical pursuit of United States policy objectives in the light of the political and [Page 4] parliamentary situations in United Nations organs and bodies; (2) consultation, negotiation, and liaison with other delegations and the United Nations Secretariat. The secretariat of the mission assists the United States representative in (1) the coordination of the above activities; (2) the provision of necessary research, reference, reporting, and communications services; (3) the discharge of the responsibilities of the United States as “host government,” in particular those arising from the headquarters agreement between the United States and the United Nations (Public Law 357, 80th Cong.) and the International Organizations Immunities Act (Public Law 291, 79th Cong.), which deal inter alia with relations of the United Nations, its officials, and delegation members with Federal, State, and local authorities; and (4) the administration and management of the United States mission.
Other United States Missions
In addition to the United States mission to the United Nations during 1951 the United States maintained several special missions in order to participate effectively in the work of certain bodies of the United Nations which did not have headquarters in the United States.
During 1951 a permanent resident delegation to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe was maintained at Geneva. It worked with the Commission and its committees in efforts to readjust the production and distribution of coal, electric power, lumber, steel, and other commodities for the purpose of assisting the economic reconstruction of Europe. United States representatives were also sent to the meetings of the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, and the Economic Commission for Latin America.
Special missions also were maintained during 1951 to make possible effective participation in the work of certain field missions and specialized agencies of the United Nations. United States representatives served, for example, with the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, the United Nations Commission for Indonesia (until April 1951), the United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans, the Advisory Commission of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, and the United Nations Council for Libya. The work of these bodies is described in the text of this report.
During 1951 there was at Geneva a United States representative for specialized agency affairs, charged with maintaining liaison for the United States with the International Refugee Organization, the International Labor Organization, and the World Health Organization, as well as with various other United Nations bodies in Europe. A special United States mission, the office of the United States representative [Page 5] to the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization, was maintained at Montreal. Liaison was also maintained with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) through a counselor on UNESCO affairs stationed at the American Embassy at Paris.
United States Representatives to the United Nations, Its Organs, Subsidiary Bodies, and the Specialized Agencies
United States representative and chief of United States mission to the United Nations
Warren R. Austin
Deputy United States representative
Ernest A. Gross
the general assembly
Sixth Regular Session, Paris, November 6, 1951
Representatives
Dean G. Acheson, Secretary of State, Chairman of Delegation
Warren R. Austin
Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt
Congressman Mike J. Mansfield
Congressman John M. Vorys
Philip C. Jessup*
Alternate representatives
Benjamin V. Cohen
John Sherman Cooper
Ernest A. Gross†
Miss Anna Lord Strauss
Channing H. Tobias
Interim Committee of the General Assembly
Representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representatives
Charles P. Noyes (resigned April 8, 1951)
James N.Hyde
William O. Hall (appointed January 11, 1952)
Committee on Information From N on-Self-Governing Territories
Representative
Benjamin O. Gerig
[Page 6]the security council
Representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representatives
Ernest A. Gross
John C. Ross
united nations atomic energy commission (aec)
Representative
Warren R. Austin
Acting deputy representative
John C. Ross
commission for conventional armaments ( cca )
Representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representative
Frank C. Nash
disarmament commission
(superseded AEC and CCA January 11, 1952)
Representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representative
Benjamin V. Cohen
military staff committee
Representatives:
Army: Lt. Gen. W. D. Crittenberger, U.S.A.
Navy: Vice Adm. B. H. Bieri, U.S.N. (resigned May 15, 1951)
Vice Adm. Oscar C. Badger, U.S.N. (resigned May 13, 1952)
Vice Adm. Arthur D. Struble, U.S.N. (appointed May 14, 1952)
Air Force: Lt. Gen. H. R. Harmon, U.S.A.F.
Deputy representatives
Army: Col. C. P. Townsley, U.S.A.
Navy: Capt. W. A. Riley, U.S.N.
Air Force: Col. L. H. Rodieck, U.S.A.F.
the economic and social council
Representative
Isador Lubin
Deputy representatives
Leroy D. Stinebower (resigned March 14, 1952)
Walter M. Kotschnig
[Page 7]Commissions of the Economic and Social Council and United States. Representatives
Social: Arthur J. Altmeyer
Narcotics: Harry J. Anslinger
Transport and Communications (not to convene until 1953): George P. Baker
Fiscal (not to convene until 1953): Edward F. Bartelt
Population (not to convene until 1953): Philip M. Hauser (resigned June 1951)
Status of Women: Mrs. Olive Remington Goldman
Economic, Employment and Development Commission (discontinued until December 31, 1954): Leroy D. Stinebower (resigned March 14, 1952)
Statistical: Stuart A. Rice
Human Rights: Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt
Regional Commissions of the Economic and Social Council
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East
United States representative (eighth session)
Merrill C. Gay
Alternate United States representative (eighth session)
Walter M. Kotschnig
Economic Commission for Europe
United States representatives
Milton Katz (resigned August 15, 1951)
William H. Draper (seventh session)
Alternate representatives
Paul R. Porter (seventh session)
Robert E. Asher (seventh session)
Economic Commission for Latin America
United States representative
Claude G. Bowers
Acting representative (fourth session)
Merwin L. Bohan
the trusteeship council
United States representative
Francis B. Sayre
Deputy representative
Benjamin Gerig
international children’s emergency fund
United States representative, Executive Board
Katharine F. Lenroot
[Page 8]Alternate
Frances K. Kernohan
special committees and commissions of the general assembly
Generai Assembly: United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans (terminated February 5, 1952)
United States representative
Jefferson Patterson
General Assembly: United Nations Collective Measures Committee
United States representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representative
Harding F. Bancroft
General Assembly: United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine
United States representative
Ely E.Palmer
Acting deputy representative
James W. Barco
General Assembly: United Nations Peace Observation Commission
United States representative
Ernest A. Gross
General Assembly: Balkan Subcommission of the Peace Observation Commission
United States representative
Ernest A. Gross
General Assembly: United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
United States representative, Advisory Commission
John B. Blandford, Jr. (resigned June 30, 1951)
Robert B. Macatee, acting (August 31, 1951 to February 20, 1952)
Edwin A. Locke, Jr., representative (appointed February 21, 1952)
General Assembly: United Nations Council for Libya (1951)
United States representative
Lewis Clark
General Assembly: Additional Measures Committee
United States representative
Warren R. Austin
Deputy representative
Ernest A. Gross
[Page 9]General Assembly: Advisory Committee to the Agent General of the United Nations Korean Reconstruction Agency
United States representative
Isador Lubin
Deputy representative
Graham R. Hall
specialized agencies of the united nations
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
United States member, FAO Council
Clarence S. McCormick (June 1951 meeting)
Stanley Andrews (November 1951 meeting)
Alternate United States member
Fred J. Rossiter
Associate United States members
John W. Evans (June 1951 meeting)
Francis Linville (November 1951 meeting)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
United States Governor, Board of Governors
John W. Snyder
Alternate United States Governor
James E. Webb
United States Executive Director
William McC. Martin, Jr.
Alternate United States Executive Director
John S. Hooker
International Civil Aviation Organization
United States representative to the Council
Paul A. Smith
Alternate United States representative on the Council and United States representative on the Air Transport Committee
Norman P. Seagrave
Alternate United States representative on the Council and United States member on the Air Navigation Commission
Claude H. Smith
International Labor Organization
Representative of the Government of the United States to the Governing Body of the International Labor Office
Philip M. Kaiser
Arnold Zempel, substitute
International Monetary Fund
United States Governor, Board of Governors
John W. Snyder
[Page 10]Alternate United States Governor
James E. Webb
United States Executive Director
Frank A. Southard, Jr.
Alternate United States Executive Director
John S. Hooker
International Telecommunication Union
United States representative. Administrative Council
Francis Colt de Wolf
Alternate United States representative, Administrative Council
Harvey B. Otterman
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
American member in personal capacity on Executive Board (elected by organization itself)
Luther H. Evans
Universal Postal Union
United States member, Executive Liaison Committee
John M. Redding
Alternate United States member, Executive Liaison Committee
John J. Gillen
World Health Organization
United States member, Executive Board
Dr. H. van Zile Hyde
World Meteorological Organization
United States representative, Executive Council, and president
Francis W. Reichelderfer
- Source text is from United States Participation in the united Nations: Report by the President to the Congress for the Year 1951 (Department of State Publication 4583, Washington, 1952), pp. 316–323.↩
- Mr. Jessup served as a representative in the absence of the Secretary of State. [Footnote in the source text.]↩
- Mr. Gross served as an alternate representative in the absence of the Secretary of State. [Footnote in the source text.]↩