I enclose herewith a copy of a telegram from Ambassador Winant,
outlining the present status of the work of the European Advisory
Commission. There is likewise enclosed a copy of the draft protocol
regarding the zones of occupation in Germany and the administration
of “Greater Berlin” which is referred to in Ambassador Winant’s
telegram.
[Enclosure 1]
The Ambassador in the United Kingdom
(
Winant
) to the Secretary
and Under Secretary of
State
secret
u.s urgent
niact
London
, September 9, 1944.
7430. Personal and secret to the Secretary and Under
Secretary.
This morning Ambassador Gousev told me that as Chairman of the
European Advisory Commission he was calling a meeting for Monday
afternoon. We have already forwarded the draft surrender
terms,2 which have been
accepted without conditions by the U.S. and USSR Governments and
by the British subject to conditions which, I have been informed
by Mr. Eden, will be cleared. Gousev told me that he is now in a
position to agree to recommend acceptance by the EAC of the German protocol covering
zones, leaving in blank the designation [Page 386] of the U.S. and U.K. zones with the
understanding that the U.S. Government and the U.K. Government
will decide on their respective zones and areas of occupation in
Germany and Berlin.3 That means
that this document will have received informal clearance in all
other respects from the three governments and is recommended by
the Commission.
We will have before us this week officially the question of
control machinery, basic proclamations and orders, as well as
the protocol on Austria in which I have already gotten agreement
for tripartite control with U.S. participation limited to a
small contingent force. We are now analyzing the recommendations
of the other Allied Governments with respect to the treatment of
Germany. You are also aware of our work on the Bulgarian
armistice terms; we are proceeding to formulate the terms for
Hungary.4
I would greatly appreciate your getting this message to the
President together with a copy of the German protocol.
Draft Protocol on the Zones of Occupation in
Germany and the Administration of Greater Berlin
secret
P9/26/44
[
London
,] 3rd August,
1944.
Draft Protocol Between the
Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the
United Kingdom and the United States of America, on the
Zones of Occupation in Germany and the Administration of
Greater Berlin (as Amended at the
Meeting Held on 2nd August,
1944)
The Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the
United States of America have reached the following agreement
with regard to the execution of Article 11 of the Instrument of
Surrender of Germany:—
1. Germany, within her frontiers as they were on the 31st
December, 1937, will, for the purposes of occupation, be divided
into three [Page 387] zones, one
of which will be allotted to each of the three Powers, and a
special Berlin area, which will be under joint occupation by the
three Powers.
2. The boundaries of the three zones and of the Berlin area, and
the allocation of the three zones as between the U.S.S.R., the
U.K. and the U.S.A. will be as follows:—
|
Eastern Zone (as shewn on the annexed map
“A”)6
|
The territory of Germany (including the province
of East Prussia) situated to the East of a line
drawn from the point on Lübeck Bay where the
frontiers of Schleswig–Holstein and Mecklenburg
meet, along the western frontier of Mecklenburg to
the frontier of the province of Hanover, thence,
along the eastern frontier of Hanover, to the
frontier of Brunswick; thence along the western
frontier of the Prussian province of Saxony to the
western frontier of Anhalt; thence along the western
frontier of Anhalt; thence along the western
frontier of the Prussian province of Saxony and the
western frontier of Thuringia to where the latter
meets the Bavarian frontier; thence eastwards along
the northern frontier of Bavaria to the 1937
Czechoslovakian frontier, will be occupied by armed
forces of the U.S.S.R., with the exception of the
Berlin area, for which a special system of
occupation is provided below. |
|
North-Western Zone (asshewn on the annexed map
“A”) |
The territory of Germany situated to the west of
the line defined above, and bounded on the south by
a line drawn from the point where the western
frontier of Thuringia meets the frontier of Bavaria;
thence westwards along the southern frontiers of the
Prussian provinces of Hessen–Nassau and Rheinprovinz
to where the latter meets the frontier of France
will be occupied by armed forces of [blank.] |
|
South-Western Zone (as shewn on the annexed map
“A”) |
All the remaining territory of Western Germany
situated to the south of the line defined in the
description of the North-Western Zone will be
occupied by armed forces of [blank.]
The frontiers of States (Länder) and Provinces within Germany,
referred to in the foregoing descriptions of the
zones, are those which existed after the coming
into effect of the decree of 25th June, 1941
(published in the Reichs-gesetzblatt, Part I, No. 72, 3rd
July, 1941).
|
|
Berlin Area (as shewn on the annexed map
“B”) |
The Berlin area (by which expression is
understood the territory of “Greater Berlin” as
defined by the Law of the 27th April, 1920) will
be jointly occupied by armed forces of the
U.S.S.R., U.K. and U.S.A. assigned by the
respective Commanders-in-Chief. For this purpose
the territory [Page 388] of “Greater Berlin” will be
divided into the following three parts:—
North-Eastern part of “Greater
Berlin” (districts of Pankow, Prenzlauerberg,
Mitte, Weissensee, Friedrichshain, Lichtenberg,
Treptow, Kopenick) will be occupied by the forces
of the U.S.S.R.
North-Western part of “Greater
Berlin” (districts of Reinickendorf, Wedding,
Tiergarten, Charlottenburg, Spandau, Wilmersdorf),
will be occupied by the forces of [blank.]
Southern part of “Greater
Berlin” (districts of Zehlendorf, Steglitz,
Schoneberg, Kreuzberg, Tempelhof, Neukolln) will
be occupied by the forces of [blank.]
The boundaries of districts within “Greater
Berlin” referred to in the foregoing descriptions,
are those which existed after the coming into
effect of the decree published on 27th March, 1938
(Amtshlatt der Reichshauptstadt
Berlin No. 13 of 27th March, 1938, page 215).
|
3. The occupying forces in each of the three zones into which
Germany is divided will be under a Commander-in-Chief designated
by the Government of the country whose forces occupy that
zone.
4. Each of the three Powers may, at its discretion, include among
the forces assigned to occupation duties under the command of
its Commander-in-Chief, auxiliary contingents from the forces of
any other Allied Power which has participated in military
operations against Germany.
5. An Inter-Allied Governing Authority (Komendatura) consisting of three Commandants,
appointed by their respective Commanders-in-Chief, will be
established to direct jointly the administration of the “Greater
Berlin” Area.
6. This Protocol has been drawn up in triplicate in the Russian
and English languages. Both texts are authentic. The Protocol
will come into force on the signature by Germany of the
Instrument of Unconditional Surrender.
Lancaster
House, London, S.W.1.
3rd August, 1944.
