Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume VI, Soviet Union

249. Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Tarnoff) to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs (Brzezinski)¹

Washington, December 31, 1979

SUBJECT

• U.S. Soviet Relations and Afghanistan

In accordance with the NSC request, I attach the Department’s papers on U.S. Soviet relations and Afghanistan for Wednesday’s² NSC meeting.

Peter Tarnoff ³

Executive Secretary

Attachments:

Tab 1—Afghanistan: Steps in the Framework of U.S. Soviet Relations.⁴

Tab 2—Possible U.S. Actions.

Tab 3—Possible Soviet Reactions.

Tab 2

Paper Prepared in the Department of State⁵

Washington, December 31, 1979

CONTENTS

	PAGE
I.	U.S. Unilateral Actions	1
A.	Political	1
1.	Withdraw SALT II from Senate Consideration	1
2.	Announce Review of other Bilateral Arms Control Negotiations	:ad 1
3.	Presidential Statement on US-Soviet Relations	1
4.	Recall Ambassador Watson	1
5.	Restrict Social and Official Contacts with Soviet Officials	:ad 1
6.	Force Reduction in Soviet Diplomatic Staff in US	2
7.	Suspend Preparations for Opening of Consulates General in Kiev and New York	:ad3
8.	Expel Soviet Intelligence Agents	3
9.	Raise Level of Human Rights Criticism	4
10.	Step Up RL/RFE, VOA Broadcasts	5
11.	Publicize Soviet Role in Afghanistan	5
12.	Delay Recognition of Karmal Regime: Suspend/Break Relations	:ad 6
13.	Other Bilateral Political Measures	6
a.	Cancel Consular Review Talks	6
b.	Reimpose Travel Ban on Soviet NY Advance Party	:ad 7
c.	Refuse/Delay Visas for Official Soviet Visitors	7
d.	Reduce Soviet Media Representation in US	7
e.	Defer Exchange Agreement Negotiations/Cancel or Reduce US Participation	:ad 8
f.	Cancel/Reduce US Participation in Selected Exchanges	:ad 9
g.	Olympics	10
h.	Harassment	11
B.	Military	11
1.	US Military Alert	11
2.	Increase US Permanent Military Presence in Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf	:ad 11
C.	Economic	12
1.	Abandon Efforts to Secure Soviet MFN	12
2.	Grain Sales	12
3.	Postpone Joint Commercial Meeting	13
4.	Postpone Business Facilitation Talks	13
5.	Postpone Civil Aviation Talks	14
6.	Tighten US Export Controls	14
7.	Limit Soviet Commercial Expansion in US	15
8.	Suspend Soviet Fishing in US Zones	15
II.	US Multilateral Actions	17
A.	Publicity	17
1.	Urge UK, FRG, and France to increase broadcasts to Muslim countries and Soviet Central Asia.	:ad 17
2.	Daily circular to UN and others on status of the occupation.	:ad 17
3.	Continue world wide demarches, urging others to take actions complementing our unilateral initiatives.	:ad 17
1.	Seek Security Council Resolution	17
2.	Special UNGA	17
C.	Economic Actions	18
1.	Consultations with others to reinforce U.S. unilateral moves.	:ad 18
2.	Tighten COCOM restraints on USSR/loosen on China.	:ad 18
3.	Increased economic assistance to countries in region (FY 80 supplemental and FY 81 incremental)	:ad 18
4.	Urge IFI’s and countries with assistance programs to Afghanistan to terminate such assistance.	:ad 18
D.	Arms Control	18
1.	CSCE/CDE/CBM’s	18
2.	MBFR	19
3.	CTB	19
4.	CW	19
E.	Afghanistan	19
1.	Withdraw Embassy and urge others to follow suit.	19
2.	Supply insurgents.	19
F.	Regional Security	20
1.	Accelerate process of increasing US presence and acquisition of base rights.	:ad 20
2.	Increase US arms supplies to Soviet periphery.	20
G.	Other Concerned Countries	20
1.	Yugoslavia	20
2.	Romania	20
3.	Turkey	20
H.	China	20
1.	Increased political ties	20
2.	Increased military ties	20

[Omitted here is the body of the paper.]

1. Source: Department of State, Office of the Secretariat Staff, Special Adviser to the Secretary (S/MS) on Soviet Affairs Marshall Shulman—Jan 21, 77–Jan 19, 81, Lot 81D109, Box 17, Afghan-US Steps. Secret; Nodis. Cleared by Paul Kreisberg (S/P), Jerome Kahan (PM), and McCall.
2. January 2, 1980.
3. Bremer signed for Tarnoff above Tarnoff’s typed signature.
4. Tabs 1 and 3 are attached but not printed.
5. Secret; Sensitive; Nodis.