147. Letter From the Ambassador in Libya (Tappin) to the Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs (Allen)

Source: Department of State, S/P–NSC Files: Lot 62 D 1. Top Secret; Official–Informal.

148. Letter From the Acting Secretary of State to the Secretary of Defense (Wilson)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/11–1255. Secret.

149. Despatch From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 601.6173/11–3055. Secret.

150. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/1–1956. Secret; Niact. Also sent to Benghazi.

151. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/1–1956. Secret; Priority. Received at 2:32 p.m. on January 19. Repeated to London, Paris for Knight and Wallner, Rome for Maffitt, Cairo, Rabat for the 17th Air Force, Wiesbaden for Tunner, Bonn, Ankara, Baghdad, Beirut, Benghazi, Damascus, Amman, Tel Aviv, and Jidda.

152. Memorandum of a Conversation, Tripoli, January 22, 1956

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/1–2556. Secret. Drafted by Nes. Enclosure to despatch 262, January 25. The substance of this discussion was also transmitted in telegram 368, January 24. (Ibid., 773.5–MSP/1–2456)

153. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/1–2656. Repeated to Benghazi and by pouch to London and Paris.

154. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/2–756. Secret. Repeated to London, Paris, and Benghazi.

155. Memorandum From the Representative at the United Nations (Lodge) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 711.56373/3–556. Top Secret. Enclosure to a letter from Lodge to Dulles. Lodge, who had been to Libya to inspect U.N. technical assistance activities, sent copies of this memorandum to George Allen and Francis Wilcox. Two days earlier he had addressed a letter on the same subject to the President. (Ibid., 611.73/3–356) On March 5, he sent a memorandum on the subject of a “Proposed United States Reaction to New Soviet Tactics to Penetrate Africa by Technical, Economic and Political Means,” advocating the necessity of occasional “flashy” projects to produce good will. Further, he insisted on the importance of speed in providing aid and thought long-term arrangements a wiser and cheaper course to follow. Although he did not expect them to concur, he suggested that the Soviets be invited to join with the United States in multilateral aid programs under U.N. auspices. (Eisenhower Library, Whitman File, Administration Series, Lodge, Henry Cabot 1956)

In a memorandum for the President from the Acting Secretary dated March 13, Lodge’s suggestions were considered and substantial agreement was expressed with the points he made. The value of “impact” projects and the wisdom of long-term arrangements were recognized. The Acting Secretary promised to consider an approach to the Soviets, but also expressed interest in studying the desirability of U.S. participation in multilateral programs. (Department of State, FOA–ICA Files: Lot 61 A 32, Near East and Africa)

156. Letter From the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Murphy) to the Ambassador to Libya (Tappin)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/3–1356. Secret. Tappin was in Washington for consultation.

157. Memorandum of a Conversation, Tripoli, March 22, 1956, 3:30 p.m.

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/3–2456. Secret. Drafted by Nes. Enclosure to despatch 327, March 24.

158. Memorandum of a Conversation, Tobruk, April 5, 1956

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 873.482/4–1082. Secret. Drafted by Davies. Enclosure 1 to despatch 346, April 10. Enclosure 2, not printed, was a memorandum of Part II of the conversation, which considered the Near Eastern and North African situations and radio communication equipment.

159. Letter From Prime Minister Bin Halim to the Ambassador in Libya (Tappin)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 661.73/5–756. Enclosure to despatch 378, May 7.

160. National Intelligence Estimate

Source: Department of State, INR–NIE Files. Secret. Files of National Intelligence Estimates, Special Estimates, and Special National Intelligence Estimates, retained by the Directorate for Regional Research, Bureau of Intelligence and Research.

National Intelligence Estimates (NIE’s) were high-level interdepartmental reports presenting authoritative appraisals of vital foreign policy problems. NIE’s were drafted by officers from those agencies represented on the Intelligence Advisory Committee (IAC), discussed and revised by interdepartmental working groups coordinated by the Office of National Estimates of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), approved by the IAC, and circulated under the aegis of the CIA to the President, appropriate officers of cabinet level, and the National Security Council. The Department of State provided all political and some economic sections of NIE’s.

According to a note on the cover sheet, “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and The Joint Staff. Concurred in by the Intelligence Advisory Committee on 19 June 1956. … The Atomic Energy Commission Representative to the IAC and the Assistant Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, abstained, the subject being outside of their jurisdiction.”

161. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 873.20/11–2356. Secret; Eyes Only; Niact.

162. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/12–1756. Secret; Noforn. Drafted by Palmer, approved by Murphy, and cleared by Gray. Repeated to London and Paris for Knight and Wallner.

163. Letter From the Ambassador in Libya (Tappin) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs (Palmer)

Source: Department of State, AF/AFS Files: Lot 62 D 406, Miscellaneous. Secret; Official–Informal.

164. Letter From the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Murphy) to the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Gray)

Source: Department of State, AF/AFI Files: Lot 62 D 406, Miscellaneous. Secret. Drafted by Palmer and attached to a memorandum from Rountree to Murphy dated January 5.

165. Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/1–1557. Secret; Priority; Noforn. Repeated to Tripoli.

166. Memorandum of a Conversation, Tripoli, March 15, 1957

Source: Department of State, S/P–NSC Files: Lot 62 D 1, North Africa (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, NSC 5614, 5614/1). Secret. No drafting information is given on the source text. Attached as Tab F to Document 19.

167. Telegram From the Embassy in Turkey to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 120.1580/3–2157. Secret; Priority. Repeated to Tripoli, Cairo, Tehran, London, Karachi, Paris, New Delhi, Rome, Addis Ababa, Amman, Athens, Baghdad, Damascus, Kabul, Jidda, Khartoum, Rabat, Tel Aviv, Tunis, and Beirut. Regarding Richards’ mission, see Document 17.

168. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 120.1580/3–2257. Secret; Priority. Repeated to Tehran, Karachi, Wiesbaden for General Tunner, and Paris for Knight and Wallner.

169. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.41/4–2557. Secret. Repeated to London.

170. Memorandum of Discussion at the 321st Meeting of the National Security Council, Washington, May 2, 1957

Source: Eisenhower Library, Whitman File, NSC Discussions. Top Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by Gleason on May 2.

171. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.73/5–457. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to London. Drafted by Palmer.

172. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs (Rountree) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/5–2657. Confidential. Drafted by McClelland.

173. National Security Council Report

Source: Department of State, S/S–NSC Files: Lot 63 D 351, NSC 5716 Series. Secret.

174. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.00/9–2657. Secret; Priority. Repeated to London, Paris to pass to SHAPE for Knight and West, Bonn to pass to Wiesbaden for CINCUSAFE, Cairo, and Benghazi.

175. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/9–2157. Secret. Repeated to London.

176. Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5–MSP/10–1157. Secret. Repeated to London and Benghazi.