Index

• Abbott, Douglas C., 801–802, 820, 832–833
• Acheson, Dean G.:
  • British financial crisis, 654–655, 787, 790–793, 795–799, 801–803, 806n , 820, 826n , 832–839, 841n , 845, 847–848, 850
  • Council of Europe, 317–318
  • European Recovery Program, 238, 374, 378, 380, 382–383, 391, 394–395, 399, 409, 411, 412n , 415, 421–468 passim, 714
  • France: Economic and political situation, 633, 635, 646, 651, 661, 668, 689; U.S. policy, 626, 642, 656, 660–661, 663–665
  • German question, 442n , 447n
  • Iceland, U.S. and North Atlantic security interests in, 314n
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 528, 530, 534–538, 551–552, 554, 556–557, 562, 564, 569, 571, 579–586, 591–602, 604–607, 610
  • Italian relations with Yugoslavia, 503
  • Labor movement in Italy, U.S. interest in the formation of non-Communist, 704, 711
  • Meeting of U.S. ambassadors at Paris, 469–472, 478, 496
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 41–44, 46–48, 50–51, 60–68, 73–74, 76–77, 81–89, 91, 93, 102–110, 114–145 passim, 151–179 passim, 185–187, 189–194, 201–203, 205, 209–214, 217–222, 224, 233–237, 239, 242–244, 248, 253–255, 261–297 passim, 307–309, 318–329, 345–346, 350–353, 362–366
  • Secretary of State, appointment as, 4n
  • Sovereignty in Western Europe, question of merger of, 472
  • Soviet atom bomb, 473n
  • Spanish question, 723–749 passim, 753–754, 756, 758–759, 762–763, 766, 768
  • Trieste question, 497–525 passim
  • U.S. military assistance program, 48, 112, 136, 146, 165, 183–184, 194–197, 224, 229, 248, 250–251, 258–261, 267–269, 288, 294–301, 304–305, 310, 341, 351–352, 360–362, 364–365, 660–661, 670–671, 681
  • Western European Union, 44–45, 48, 53, 60, 64, 101, 106–107, 110–113, 310–311, 339, 342, 344–346, 348–349, 371
• Achilles, Theodore C., 1, 23–24, 69, 107–108, 113, 121, 135n , 198, 255, 267, 271, 291, 311, 325–326, 328, 356, 434n , 504, 522n , 583–584, 666n , 758, 763–765, 849n
• Adenauer, Konrad, 487
• Afanasyev, Sergey Alekseyevich, 53, 91
• Afghanistan, 560–561
• Africa, 451, 528, 549, 584, 605, 717, 832
• Agriculture, (U.S.) Department of, 832
• Airey, Gen. Terence, 500–507
• Aklilou, Abte Wold, 588
• Ala, Hussein, 62n
• Alaska, 5, 14, 194, 205
• Alessandrini, Adolfo, 580
• Alexander, Albert V., 138–139, 358
• Algeria (see also under NATO ), 541
• Allen, George V., 725–726
• Alphand, Hervé 410, 654, 667, 677n
• Alsop, Joseph W., Jr., 338n , 666
• Alsop, Stewart J. O., 338n , 666
• American Federation of Labor (A.F. of L.), 707, 710–711
• American Republics (see also Latin American subheadings under Italian colonies, etc., and Spain), 158, 172–173; 185, 207–208, 731, 733, 738
• Anderson, Hans, 202–203, 225, 271
• Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 542–543, 553, 555, 575, 582, 585, 596–597, 602
• Angola, 716–717
• Ansiaux, Hubert, 385–387, 395n
• Antonini, Luigi, 705
• Arab states (see also under Italian colonies, etc.; Cyrenaica, Libya, and Tripolitania), 733
• Arce, José, 723–724
• Argentina, 560, 589, 723, 729, 836
• Army, (U.S.) Department of the, 294, 505
• Atherton, Ray, 743
• Atomic energy, U.S. development of, 617
• Atomic weapons: Soviet production of, 429, 473–475, 477, 480, 761; stockpiling of bombs, 263; utilization of, 263, 357, 363–364, 776
• Attlee, Clement R., 138, 452n , 465, 790, 801, 840–841
• Austin, Warren R., 237, 497, 551, 586–588, 591, 593, 602–605, 737–739
• Australia, 290, 560, 606, 724, 784, 809, 814
• Austria, 241, 378–379, 386, 397, 616, 773
• Austrian peace treaty, 499–500, 508
• Azores: Strategic importance of, 313; U.S. military facilities in, 201, 238n , 239, 242–243; utilization during World War II, 275; war fears, 292
• Baldanzi, George, 705
• Baldwin, Charles F., 500–502, 504, 511–514, 515n
• Bang-Jensen, Povl, 1–3, 198, 206, 210, 271
• Bao Dai, 495–496
• Baraibar, Gérman, 753–754
• Barbour, Walworth, 504
• Barclay, Roderick E., 271, 325, 758
• Bartlett, Frederic P., 59
• Baruch, Herman B., 163, 165–166, 178–179, 225, 233, 258, 303–304, 635
• Barzani, Mustafa, 235
• Baumgartner, Wilfrid, 643, 680
• Bay, C. Ulrick, 6–7, 34–36, 51, 60–62, 91–94, 121–122, 145–146, 303–304
• Beam, Jacob D., 265, 267
• Bear Island, strategic importance of, 98, 100
• Bebler, Aleš 517, 519, 521–525
• Bech, Joseph, 271, 285, 306
• Bech-Friis, Johan H., 36n , 37
• Belgian Congo, 14, 43, 617
• Belgium (see also Belgian Congo and Benelux and under NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union):
  • Agreements with the United States: American dead in World War II, Jan. 17 and 31, 617; surplus property settlement, May 12, 617
  • Dollar transfers from the United Kingdom, 809
  • Economic and commercial negotiations with France, Italy, and the Netherlands, 656–658, 666
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560
  • Political situation, 409, 411–412, 415–416, 425, 431, 436, 447
  • U.S. export controls program, 476n , 480n
• Bell, Harry H., 831
• Benediktsson, Bjarni, 22, 68, 84, 202–206, 225–229, 233n , 236–237, 248, 271, 285, 314
• Benelux (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg): Belgian credits to, 406; ECA aid for, 238; exchange convertibility with France and Italy, proposed, 349, 419, 423, 490–491; meeting, 238; progress, 458; U.S. export controls program, 483; U.S. policy 343, 666
• Bérard, Armand, 4, 271, 291
• Berkner, Lloyd V., 830
• Berlin: ECA assistance for western sectors of, question of, 487; inclusion of western sectors in the Federal Republic of Germany, question of, 486–487; U.S. policy, 473, 486
• Berlin blockade by the Soviet Union, 94, 481, 485, 808; U.S. airlift, 162, 481, 486
• Bermuda, 158–159
• Berthoud, Eric A., 442
• Bevin, Ernest: Anglo-American-Canadian financial talks, 655; British financial crisis, 790–793, 795–796, 800, 805–806, 832, 842; Council of Europe, 418, 443; European Recovery Program, 137, 349, 371–372, 416, 418, 425–456 passim, 465; German question, 447n ; Indonesian question, 260; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 526–529, 536–538, 545, 552–554, 556–557, 559–560, 562, 565, 567n , 584, 593, 596–601, 603–604, 606, 610; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 44, 48, 159, 209–210, 270–271, 273, 275, 278, 280, 285, 307, 317, 322, 325–326, 339; Scandinavian union, attitude toward, 71; security of Greece, Turkey, and Iran, 175–177; Spanish question, 723–724, 730, 734, 758–759; Trieste question, 519; U.S. military assistance program, 136–137, 147, 163, 165–166, 178–179, 183, 224–225, 229–232, 245, 247, 310, 365; Western European Union, 42, 44–45, 290, 306–307, 310–311, 339, 346–348, 372, 433
• Bidault, Georges, 677, 678n , 680
• Bigart, Homer, 752
• BillOtte, Gen. Pierre, 294–295
• Bingham, George B., 443, 444n , 464, 647–653, 671–673, 675, 677n , 678–680, 686–689
• Bissell, Richard M., 377–580, 383, 408, 412–418, 471, 643, 688, 806n
• Blackley, Travers Robert, 528, 567
• Blaine, James G., 258
• Blanco, Carrero, 755
• Bliss, Don G., 59, 806n
• Blum, Robert, 677
• Boheman, Erik C., 27, 37, 63, 89–90
• Bohlen, Charles E., 3–5, 48n , 64, 66, 68–73, 79, 83, 102n , 105, 108–109, 113–115, 193, 198–206, 210, 225, 227, 255–257, 271, 291, 472, 478–479, 482, 493, 681–682, 725–727, 740–742
• Bolivia, 560, 742, 749
• Bonbright, James C. H., 320, 721
• Bonesteel, Charles H., 3d, 15–16, 58, 136, 184, 244–245, 305, 472, 482–483, 491
• Bonnet, Henri, 3–5, 29, 31–34, 76–77, 83–87, 107–108, 120–121, 123–125, 127, 129–135, 151–152, 155–156, 159–161, 167, 169, 171–173, 185–188, 192, 214–215, 219–222, 245n , 265, 271, 285, 307, 309, 318, 338–339, 475, 654, 663–666
• Bonsal, Philip W., 136, 165, 178, 244, 375, 408, 454–455
• Bouzanquet, 668–669
• Boyd, John Gordon, 519–520
• Bradley, Gen. Omar N., 294, 308, 357–358
• Bray, William H., 830–832
• Brazil, 560, 606, 733, 742, 747, 749, 757
• Bream, Gray, 198, 206, 225
• Brewster, Owen, 259, 269
• British Commonwealth, 90, 158, 168, 173, 185, 338–340, 347–350, 364, 371, 392, 433, 437–438, 469, 471, 484, 491, 493, 664, 724, 730–731, 790–817 passim, 829 854
• British Empire, 437, 485, 493, 815
• Brittain, Sir Henry, 57
• Bromley, T. E., 210–211
• Brooks, James R., 650
• Brace, David K. E., 56, 303–304, 306, 342–344, 431, 437, 442–443, 464, 472, 474n , 479, 491, 494–496, 512n , 630, 637–638, 641–643, 645–646, 649, 651–652, 661–670, 677–678, 680–682, 689–691
• Bruce, Howard, 388
• Brussels Pact. see Western European Union.
• Bryn, Dag, 69, 71, 102, 105–106
• Budget, (U.S.) Bureau of the, 150
• Bulleri, Romolo, 705, 708
• Burma, 417, 560, 608
• Buset, Max, 432
• Butrick, Richard P., 22, 68
• Butterworth, W. Walton, 725
• Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, 560, 742
• Byington, Homer M., 504n
• Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 497
• Caeiro da Matta, José, 19–20, 179–180, 201, 243, 271, 274–277, 285, 714
• Caffery, Jefferson, 42–43, 45–46, 53, 56, 122, 124n , 146–150, 225, 233, 266, 288–289, 459n , 626–638, 640, 646n , 721
• Caine, Sir Sidney, 781
• Canada (see also under NATO , Spain, and United Kingdom): British financial crisis, effect of, 787, 789–790, 811, 814, 821; economic and financial assistance to the United Kingdom, 485, 784;Italian colonies, disposition of former, 154, 560; Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614; U.S. Canadian Joint Defense Board, 316; U.S. export control program, 350; Western European Union, relationship to, 471
• Canham, Erwin B., 739
• Canini Giovanni, 704–705, 708, 710
• Cannon, Cavendish, 512n , 516n , 517–518, 521n
• Cappelleti, Alessandro, 705, 708
• Carinthia, Yugoslav claim to, 508, 512n
• Carmognola, Luigi, 705
• Carter, Pat, 246
• Castellani, Vittorio, 501–503, 511
• Castro, Fernandez, 464, 467
• Catalano, Felice, 612
• Cattani, Attilio, 410
• Cavour, Count Camillo Benso di, 519
• Ceylon, 528
• Chapin, Selden, 463
• Chase National Bank, 729
• Chauvel, Jean, 53, 123
• Cherrière, Maj. Gen. Paid, 681
• Chile, 560, 738
• China, 218, 560
• Chinese Communists, 477, 495, 690
• Chipman, Norris B., 635n
• Christelow, Allan, 781
• Clacton International Socialist Conference, 704
• Clark, Clyde L., 768–771
• Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 305
• Clemens, George, 673
• Clutton, George L., 526, 528, 566–567, 581–582, 587, 602–604, 610–612
• Cochin China, 495–496
• Cochran, H. Merle, 260, 268–269
• Cohen, Benjamin V., 425, 738–739
• Collier, Sir Laurence, 36, 51, 60
• Collisson, Norman H., 389, 407
• Colombia, 560, 608, 742, 749
• Combined Chiefs of Staff (U.S.–U.K.), 108, 120, 256, 263, 294
• Commerce, (U.S.) Department of, 421, 832
• Committee for European Economic Cooperation, 448
• Communist Information Bureau (Com-inform): Break with Tito and the Yugoslav Communist Party, 473, 477, 494n , 516, 522; France, policy toward, 669; Trieste Communist Party, domination of, 500, 505; Warsaw Conference (1947), 636
• Communist International (Comintern), 636–637, 691
• Congress (U.S.): Brewster amendment, 259, 269; British financial crisis, 795, 799, 832; Economic Cooperation Administration, 370, 483; European exchange rates, 382; European Recovery Program, 409–436 passim, 445, 466, 471, 489–490, 492–493, 656–658, 759, 826; Foreign Assistance Act, 376; House Foreign Affairs Committee, 113, 174, 642; Indonesian question, 251, 259, 269; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 529–530, 533; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 33, 47, 73; 77, 81, 103–104, 119, 147, 266, 298, 308, 307, 309, 311, 363–365; Senate, 103, 107, 109, 113–114, 132, 135, 152, 158–159, 162, 190, 198, 281n , 289, 303, 309, 311; Senate Appropriations Committee, 760n ; Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 73, 75–76, 80, 82, 110, 114, 117, 153, 172n , 174, 177, 186, 296, 303, 832; Spanish question, 746, 759; U.S. budget, 668; U.S. military assistance program, 16, 49–50, 55, 58, 71, 106, 111–112, 147, 140–150, 163, 208, 212–213, 259, 266–267, 287–289, 295–296, 298–299, 302–303, 309, 312–313, 318, 320–321, 324, 326, 429, 478, 627, 635, 640, 642, 830; war powers, 103–104, 109, 205, 248; Western European Union, 253, 656–657
• Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 707, 710–711
• Connally, Tom, 64, 73–74, 84–86, 108–110, 114–115, 117, 128n , 141–142, 298, 339, 746
• Conolly, Adm. Richard L., 118–119, 234, 244, 640
• Consultative Council of Foreign Ministers. see under Western European Union.
• Corsica, 151
• Costa Rica, 219, 560
• Council of Europe: Assembly, 102; Belgian participation, 297, 418, 438; British participation, 297, 339–340, 347, 372, 418, 443, 652; Committee of Ministers, 102, 339, 346, 372, 418, 438; Consultative Assembly, 317, 347, 372, 438; Danish participation, 297; development of, 40–41, 45, 48, 60, 101, 306, 372, 465, 467; French participation, 297, 548, 652, 664; Irish participation, 292, 297; Italian participation, 144, 297, 349; Luxembourg participation, 297; meetings, 147, 418, 424, 441, 443; members, 297; Netherlands participation, 297; Norwegian participation, 297; President, 431; seat of, 102; statute, May 5, 297, 347; Swedish participation, 297; U.S. policy, 343, 470, 473, 483, 490, 664, 666; West German participation, question of, 490
• Council of Foreign Ministers (CFM): Austrian question, 473n ; Germany, 473n ; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 563; meeting at Paris, 306, 395n , 556n , 745n , 784n ; Soviet position, 808; Trieste question, 508; union of British and Italian Somaliland, proposed, 576
• Couve de Murville, Maurice, 271, 320, 425
• Cripps, Sir Stafford, 59, 138, 165–166, 225, 326, 346, 369–371, 375–376, 380–381, 392, 394–395, 399–402, 411n , 416, 425, 430–432, 434n , 435, 437–438, 440–442, 451n , 456, 461–462, 464–466, 468n , 655, 659, 784, 786, 788, 790–793, 799–802, 805, 810, 820, 832–833, 839–840, 849, 852
• Cuba, 560
• Culbertson, Paul T., 727–730, 735n , 744n , 745–747, 750–753, 759–762, 763n , 766–771
• Cumming, Hugh S., 37
• Cyrenaica. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Czechoslovakia, 292, 483, 498, 560, 619, 773
• Da Costa Leite, João Pinto, 401n , 714
• Dahomey, 676
• Dalla Chiesa, Enzo, 705, 708
• Dalton, Hugh, 41–42
• D’Andrea, Alfredo, 708
• Danvilla, Julio, 754
• D’Aragona, Ludovico, 704n , 705
• Daridan, Jean, 670–671
• de Faria, Antonio, 271, 714
• Defense, (U.S.) Department of (National Military Establishment), 9–10, 15, 111–112, 300, 314–315, 317, 324, 351, 450, 640, 661, 670, 725–726, 731, 830, 832
• De Gasperi, Alcide, 7–9, 23, 323–324, 329, 349–350, 509n , 511, 526, 550–551, 565, 566n
• De Gaulle, Charles, 288–289, 630–633
• De Margerie. see Jacquin de Margerie.
• Denfeld, Adm. Louis, 10–13, 95–97
• Denmark (see also Greenland and Scandinavia and under ECA , ERP , NATO , OEEC , Spain, and United Nations): British oil companies, activities of, 846; Communist Party, 619, 621; Export–Import Bank loan, 622; German refugees in Denmark and South Schleswig, consultations regarding disposition of, 624–625; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560, 606; neutrality of, 619–620, 624; Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614; strategic importance of, 619; Sweden, relations with, 3, 21, 25–26; trade with Poland and the Soviet Union, 623; U.S. arms, request for, 619–620, 624; U.S. export control program, 476n , 623; U.S. policy, 618–624
• Dennett, Raymond, 421
• Devinat, Paul, 633–634, 651–652
• Dickinson, Edward T., 402, 667
• Dimitrov, Gheorghi, 637
• Dominican Republic, 560, 613
• Don Juan, 754–756, 760, 767–771
• Donnelly, Col. C. H., 352
• Double taxation agreements, 703, 713
• Douglas, Lewis W.: British financial crisis, 784–790, 792–793, 795–797, 800, 802–805, 850–852; European Recovery Program, 391–394, 397n , 430–431, 433–434, 435–437, 443, 448n , 451–454, 465; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 554–556, 566–567, 569–571, 581–582, 603, 605, 607; meeting of U.S. ambassadors, 472, 474–475, 477–478, 482–485, 489, 491, 493; Trieste question, 509n ; U.S. military assistance program, 110, 112, 136–139, 146, 163, 165–166, 179, 183–184, 195, 224–225, 229–233, 244–253, 258, 267–268, 295–296, 301–304, 310, 322, 635; Western European Union, 9, 59, 101–102, 106, 107n , 310–311, 342, 344, 348, 371
• Dowling, Walter C., 23, 253, 532
• Dulles, John Foster, 544–551, 556–557, 638, 738, 739n
• Dunham, William B., 731n , 735n , 753–754, 758n , 763–765
• Dunn, James Clement: Devaluation of the British pound, Italian reaction to, 842n ; European Recovery Program, 434n , 437; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 550, 562, 564–566; Italian relations with Yugoslavia, 503–504; labor movement in Italy, U.S. interest in the formation of a non-Communist, 704–705, 706n , 711; meetings of U.S. ambassadors, 472, 474–475, 488–489; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 7–8, 18, 144, 323n , 329; Trieste question, 509n , 512n , 515–520, 524n ; U.S. military assistance program, 303–304; Western European Union, 343–344, 349–350
• Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), 241, 444
• Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, 389, 412, 414, 419, 679, 836
• Economic Cooperation Administration (EGA) (see also ERP and under OEEC ): Benelux, aid for, 238; Berlin, question of assistance for western sectors of, 487; British position in ECA program, 344, 369, 372, 411n , 745, 784–785, 790, 793, 795, 799, 802, 809, 813, 815–816, 819, 836, 839, 844, 852; counterpart funds, utilization of, 637, 640–641, 643–645, 647–653, 671–674, 678–680, 682–686, 688–689; Danish cooperation, 622, 624; economic objectives, 667, 807–808, 815; French policy, 642–643, 745; German problem, 470; Iceland, aid for, 693, 697–699, 701; Italian non-Communist labor movement, interest in, 710; meeting of European Mission Chiefs, Oct. 20, 426–429, 473; missions in individual countries, 56, 374, 644, 647–653, 667, 671n , 672–674, 676, 682, 685n , 688–689, 707, 715, 717, 806; Netherlands, aid for, 238, 259, 269; Office of the Special Representative in Europe (OSR), 15, 54, 112, 257, 373, 375–376, 380n , 387n , 388n , 397, 402, 404, 407–408, 411–412, 428, 440, 445–447, 456–458, 468n , 638–639, 641, 651, 674, 677, 686, 841, 844; overseas territories, questions regarding ECA assistance for, 672–673, 675–677, 686–688, 716–717; Portugal, aid for, 238n ; 714–715; U.S. export control program, 482; U.S. military assistance program, coordination of ECA program with, 112, 147, 225, 295, 300, 367–368, 661, 667
• Ecuador, 560
• Eden, Anthony, 841n
• Egypt, 14, 392, 417, 529–531, 533, 545, 560, 831
• Eisenhower, Gen. of the Army Dwight D., 294
• El Salvador, 560
• Ely, Gen. Paul R., 670–671
• Erhardt, John G., 464
• Eritrea. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Erkin, Feridun C., 117–120, 234–235, 359–360
• Ethiopia. see under Italian colonies, etc. Eritrea and Italian Somaliland.
• European Recovery Program (ERP, Marshall Plan) (see also ECA and OEEC ): Benelux attitude toward, 238; bilateral agreements, 380, 385, 454, 778; British role, 137, 367, 369n , 372, 390, 410, 435, 784, 795; Communist opposition to, 669; counterpart funds, utilization of, 628, 637–638; Danish participation, 624; French participation, 627–628, 663, 688–689; Iceland, assistance to, 696, 698–699; Irish attitude, 292; Italian participation, 367; Norwegian role, 70; offshore procurement, 207, 397, 826; Portuguese attitude, 715, 718; rearmament of Western Europe, coordination of plans concerning, 14–17, 49–50, 54–57, 106, 149–150, 195, 257–258, 267–268, 367–368; Soviet opposition to, 52, 390, 439; Spanish participation, question of, 722, 728, 732, 734, 737, 759, 762, 765; Swedish attitude, 777–779; Trieste, assistance to Anglo-American zone of, 505; U.S. policy, 78, 240–241, 251–252, 259–260, 268, 297, 299, 339, 362, 365, 374–376, 388, 390–391, 398, 414, 426, 471, 478, 489, 491–492, 544, 627, 647, 656, 677, 772, 783–784, 789, 797, 827, 832, 849
• Evatt, Herbert, 734n
• Export-Import Bank of Washington, 622, 730, 735–736, 744–746, 750, 762–766
• Fales, Herbert P., 90
• Fanfani, Amitori, 708
• Far East, 256, 474, 480, 489, 494, 806, 831–832
• Faravelli, Giuseppe, 705
• Faroe Islands, defense and security of, 21, 25, 69, 194
• Faure, Edgar, 643
• Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany): Allied High Commission, 454, 486, 488; Berlin, relationship to, 486–487; British policy, 487, 660; coal exports, pricing of, 475, 662–664, 843; decartelization program, 454; devaluation of the German mark, 338, 475, 662–664, 843; discrimination problem, 473; dismantling problem, 473, 487–488, 490, 660; dumping problem, 473; economic policies, 659; establishment of, 485–486; French policy, 470, 472, 487–488, 662–664, 843; Government, 486; Social Democrats, 487; Soviet atomic bomb explosion, reaction to, 475; U.S. policy, 469–471, 487–488
• Federal Reserve Bank, 658
• Federal Reserve Board, 373n
• Federal Reserve system, 832
• Fezzan. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Figueiredo, José Duarte, 271
• Finland, 36, 63, 89, 98, 122, 774–775
• Finletter, Thomas K., 56, 59, 258, 370, 390–391
• Flückiger, Col. Hermann, 499, 505
• Foley, Edward H., 803, 845, 847
• Foreign Assistance Act, 376
• Foreign Assistance Correlation Committee (FACC), 16, 110, 184, 195–197, 257, 295, 301, 304–305, 341, 639, 667–668, 748–749
• Foreign Assistance Steering Committee (FASC), 14n 16, 54, 112, 247, 301, 304–305
• Forrestal, James V., 10, 14, 16, 37, 39n , 49, 95, 100, 112–413, 161, 636
• Forslev, Maj. Gen. C. C. J., 206
• Foster, William C., 349, 385–387, 389, 408, 450–451, 464, 651n , 653, 661, 673–674, 682–686, 688n , 806n , 845, 847
• France (see also French subheadings under individual countries and subjects):
  • Agreements with the United States: Maritime claims and litigation, Mar. 14, 691; settlement of certain financial claims and accounts, Mar. 14, 691
  • Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens (CFTC), 668
  • Confédération Générale des Cadres (CGC), 668
  • Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT), 479, 668
  • Council of the Republic, 107, 318, 320
  • Devaluation of the French franc (1948), 842, 848
  • Economic and commercial negotiations with Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands, 656–658, 666, 680
  • Economic and financial stabilization programs, 480, 627–652 passim, 661–663, 668, 678–680, 682–686
  • Economic Cooperation Administration program for imports for French West Africa, 672–673, 675–677, 686–688
  • Elections, 634–635
  • Exchange convertibility with Italy and Benelux, 349, 419, 423, 490–491
  • Force Ouvriére (FO), 668–669
  • Germany, policy toward, 109, 253, 266, 339, 345, 487, 490, 659–660, 664–665
  • Italy, customs union with, 253, 349, 458, 548
  • National Assembly, 107. 147, 320, 479, 626, 628, 636, 646, 651, 667
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Political parties: Communists, 303, 479–480, 627, 633–634, 636–637, 665, 668–669, 689–691, 722, 814; Gaullists, 665; Independents, 646; Mouvement Republicain Populaire (MRP), 632; Radical Socialists, 632; Rassemblement du Peuple Francais (RPF), 632; Socialists, 632, 634
  • Political situation, 415, 630–637, 646, 661–662, 665, 668–669, 671n , 672, 689–691
  • Soviet policy, 627, 636–637
  • Swiss loan, 678
  • Trade policies, 655
  • United Kingdom, policy toward, 475
  • United States: Export control program, 350, 476, 480, 482; loan, 632, 638–639, policy toward, 338–339, 345, 663–666; stockpiling program, French interest in, 655
• Franco, Francisco, 721–770 passim Franco, Nicolas, 254–255, 747
• François-Poncet, André, 488, 662
• Franks, Sir Oliver S., 29–33, 77–79, 84, 87, 114–115, 127, 130–132, 151–178 passim, 185–187, 189–191, 210, 215–218, 220–222, 271, 285, 325, 346, 360–362, 365, 435, 441, 447, 528–531, 538, 593n , 596–602, 604, 758, 797, 832
• French Guinea, 676
• French Indochina, 296, 480, 494–496, 571, 626, 644–645, 660, 669, 683, 689–690
• French Morocco, 541, 676, 691
• French Niger, 676
• French North Africa, 560–571, 574, 581, 584, 676
• French Sudan, 676
• French Union, 495–496
• French West Africa, 672–673, 675–677, 686–688
• Gaither, Brig. Ridgely, 502
• Galloway, William J., 271, 315, 451, 681–682
• Garrett, George A., 15n
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), conference at Annecy, 391n , 623
• George, Walter F., 128, 141, 162
• German Democratic Repulic (East Germany), 343, 475, 477, 486, 488–489, 690
• Germany (see also Berlin, Berlin blockade, etc., Federal Republic of Germany, and German Democratic Republic): Anglo-American zones of occupation (Bizonia), 659; British policy, 290, 345; division of, 473; French policy, 109, 253, 266, 339, 345, 487, 490, 659–660; French zone of occupation, 624; Soviet policy, 262, 489, 690, 773; Soviet zone of occupation, 199, 778; U.S. policy, 109, 202, 345, 473, 507; unity of, 486–487, 489
• Gibraltar, 32
• Glendinning, C. Dillon, 781
• Gomez, Trifon; 740–742, 767
• Gordon, Lincoln, 408, 426, 428–429
• Gorizia, Yugoslav claim to, 508, 522–523
• Grant, Col. Walter, 294
• Greece (see also under NATO , OEEC , and Western European Union): British military forces in, 162; British policy, 557; civil war, 473, 476; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560; security of, U.S. policy regarding, 13, 24, 27, 46, 103, 175–178, 209–210, 233, 235–236, 244, 270–271, 529; Soviet pressure on, 94, 235, 270, 477, 499; United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans (UNSOOB), 477; U.S. economic and military assistance, 117n , 207, 234, 297–299, 478, 831; U.S. military forces in, 162; Yugoslav policy, 512n
• Greene, Joseph N., 504, 507–508, 519–522, 568
• Greenland: Danish sovereignty over, 621–622; defense and security of; 21, 25–26, 69, 77, 82, 84, 88, 97–100, 109, 128, 194, 200–201, 205, 211, 621–622; purchase by the United States, question of, 621; strategic importance of, 313, 618, 621; U.S. military base rights land facilities, 98, 101, 200–201, 211–212, 621
• Gronchi, Giovanni, 705
• Gros, André, 681
• Gross, Ernest A., 16, 48–50, 58–59, 71, 102n , 105, 174, 194, 198–199, 206–210, 212–213, 236–237, 245n , 271, 626, 725, 820n
• Grotewohl, Otto, 690
• Gruber, Karl, 464
• Gruenther, Maj. Gen. Alfred M., 121, 255, 301, 319, 670
• Guatemala, 560, 608
• Guidotti, Gastone, 271, 337, 518, 546
• Guindey, Guillaume, 654
• Gunneng, Arne, 69
• Gutt, Camille, 382, 397–398, 424, 656–657
• Haile Selassie I., 575, 587–588, 594, 596, 603
• Haiti, 559–560
• Halaby, N. E., 356–358
• Hall, Robert, 781
• Hall, William O., 121
• Hall-Patch, Sir Edmund L., 410, 431–432, 453
• Hare, Raymond A., 554
• Harmony, Col. John W., 319
• Harriman, W. Averell: British financial crisis, 786n , 791–793, 795, 797n , 799, 802, 805, 843; European Recovery Program, 367–408 passim, 415–467 passim, 641–642, 645, 654, 658–659, 673, 677–678, 680, 714–719; meeting of U.S. ambasadors, 472, 474, 478–479, 481–483, 489–491, 493–494; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 350; U.S. military assistance program, 14–16, 56, 59, 106, 113, 136–139, 146, 148–150, 163, 165–166, 184, 225, 233, 244–249, 258, 266–267, 296, 301–304, 310, 342, 634
• Harvey, Sir Oliver Charles, 442, 842
• Hebard, William B., 781
• Hedtoft, Hans Christian, 63, 140–141
• Henderson, Alexander I., 16
• Henderson, J. N., 271
• Hensel, H. Struve, 506
• Hickerson, John D., 1–3, 23–25, 39n , 40n , 48n , 66, 68–69, 72, 79, 84, 90–£l, 102n , 113, 120–121, 134–135, 154, 157–158, 167, 173–174, 176–177, 188, 193, 198–205, 210, 221–222, 225–229, 236, 253–255, 271, 291, 504–507, 630, 721, 725, 730–735
• Hiiss, Abdulla, 583
• Hirschfeld, H. M., 410–411
• Ho Chi Minh, 495
• Hoffman, Paul G., 14, 16, 257, 301, 304, 342, 350, 367–369, 373–374, 377–380, 383–385, 395–397, 400–401, 407–409, 412–418, 421, 425–429, 436–469 passim, 637–643, 647–650, 654–660, 671–673, 675–678, 686, 688, 791, 795–796, 803, 826n , 832
• Hoge, Maj. Gen. William M., 507n , 513–514
• Holmes, Julius C., 9, 44–45, 56, 244, 304–306, 339–342, 360, 364–365, 429, 463–464, 526–528, 610–611, 663, 665, 705n , 839–843
• Honduras, 560
• Hong Kong, 806, 831
• Hoyer-Millar, Sir Frederic. see Millar, Sir Frederic Hoyer.
• Huebner, Lt. Gen. C. R., 244, 247–248, 301–304
• Hulley, Benjamin M., 1, 24, 27n , 69, 88–89, 102n , 135n , 193, 198, 202–203, 210, 225 236
• Humelsine, Carlisle H., 177–178, 820n
• Huse, Robert, 639, 647, 688
• Hvass, Frants, 193, 198, 206, 210, 271
• Iceland (see also under NATO , OEEC , and Spain):
  • Communist coup d’état, threat of, 313–315
  • Communist party, 695–696, 698, 700–701
  • ECA and ERP assistance, question of, 693, 696–699, 701
  • Economic situtation, 696–697
  • Foreign troops or military bases during peacetime, opposition to, 314, 695
  • ICAO assistance, 700
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Strategic position of, 228, 813, 693–694, 697
  • Trade relations with: Czechoslovakia, Germany, and the United Kingdom, 697; Italy, 699; Soviet Union, 698; Spain, 697–699
  • U.S. air base facilities at Keflavik airfield, 228, 693–696, 700–701
  • U.S. policy, 693–702
• India, 290, 417, 495, 528, 560, 586, 589–591, 597, 606, 717, 726, 784, 806, 809, 811, 814, 850
• Indonesian question, 163, 165–166, 178–179, 224, 230, 238, 246, 251–252, 259–261, 267–269, 296, 549–550
• Inönü, Ismet, 118–119
• Inter-American Defence Board, 219
• Inter-American system, 169
• International Authority for the Ruhr, 488
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 802–803, 828
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), 700, 776
• International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, 770
• International Monetary Fund, 344, 379, 382–383, 387, 397–398, 469, 490, 623, 656–657, 777, 782–784, 792, 802–803, 823, 827–829, 844
• International Refugee Organization, 776
• International Trade Organization, 381, 387, 469, 777; Charter, 375, 445, 454, 460–461, 623, 778, 834
• Inverchapel, Lord Archibald Clarkr Kerr, 433
• Iran: Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560, 606; security of, U.S. declaration regarding, 175–178, 209–210, 233, 235–236, 244, 270–271; Soviet pressure on, 65, 94, 210, 233, 235–236, 270
• Iraq, 529, 560, 586, 589–591, 613, 831
• Ireland (see also under ERP , NATO , OEEC , and Western European Union): Double taxation convention with the United States, Sept. 13, 703; partition question, 15, 90–91, 292–293
• Israel (see also Palestine question), 560
• Italian colonies, disposition of former:
  • Argentine policy, 589
  • Asiatic bloc, policy of, 558–559, 561, 573, 584, 587, 606
  • Bevin-Sforza agreement, 552–554, 559–560, 567n
  • British policy, 476, 489, 526, 528, 539, 542–543, 551–552, 554–556, 559–560, 565, 569, 580–593, 596, 604–607, 613, 806
  • Cyrenaica: Arab position, 541, 558, 587; British military bases in, 529, 547, 564, 573, 598, 602, 609; British policy, 526, 554, 556–557, 562, 564–565, 581–582, 584, 605–607, 610; British trusteeship, proposed, 529–537, 540, 542–543, 547, 550–552, 558–559, 563, 573, 580; French policy, 526; independence, proposed, 541, 554, 556n 557, 565, 580, 584, 605–607, 610; Italian policy, 540, 547, 562, 569, 580, 584, 610; U.S. policy, 531–532, 534, 536, 540, 551–552, 556–557, 559, 562–563, 579, 585, 593
  • Eritrea: British policy, 527–528, 565, 575, 582, 587, 596–597, 599–604, 610–611; cession of Western province to Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, proposed, 542–543, 553, 563, 568, 575, 577, 582, 585, 596–597, 602; Egyptian policy, 575; Ethiopia, proposed cession to, 527–528, 534, 539–540, 542–543, 547–548, 551–553, 560, 563–565, 568, 574–612 passim; French policy, 527; independence, proposed, 580, 582, 584–587, 590–591, 594–595, 602–603; Italian policy, 527–528, 539, 547–548, 558, 579–580, 584, 587, 591, 595, 610–611; multiple trusteeship, proposed, 539, 547; Soviet policy, 586, 591; United Nations Commission of Inquiry, 597, 599–601, 603, 606, 608, 613; United Nations trusteeship, proposed, 586, 590–591; U.S. military facilities in, 574–575, 578; U.S. policy, 532, 540, 553, 558, 563, 568, 574–575, 577, 584–587, 594, 596, 600–603, 606, 608
  • Fezzan, proposed French trusteeship for, 526, 530–531, 533–534, 536, 540, 543, 547, 550–551, 553, 563–564, 567, 569, 573–574, 580–581, 585, 605
  • Four Power Commission (1948), 583
  • French position, 526, 533, 539, 558–560, 565, 580–581, 613
  • Indian interest, 542, 586, 589–591, 597, 606
  • Iraqi interest, 542, 560, 586, 589–591, 598
  • Italian position, 539–542, 546–551, 558, 560, 564–565, 568–569, 579–581, 593–595
  • Italian Somaliland: Advisory Council, 608; British policy, 526, 556, 575–578, 582, 604, 611–612; British trusteeship, proposed, 578–579, 582; Colombian role, 608; Egyptian policy, 606, 608; Ethiopia, proposed cession to, 548, [Page 865] 588, 612; French policy, 526, 545; Greater Somaliland, proposed, 556, 575–576, 578, 584; independence, proposed, 564, 585–586, 591, 608; Italian trusteeship, proposed, 527, 534, 539–540, 542–543, 545, 551–553, 558, 560n , 563–564, 568, 575–579, 582–585, 587–589, 591–592, 594, 603, 606, 608, 611–612; Philippine policy, 608; political situation, 582–583; Soviet policy, 586; trusteeship agreement, 613; United Nations General Assembly resolution concerning, 608, 611–613; United Nations trusteeship, proposed, 534, 542, 578–579, 586; U.S. policy, 532, 534, 540, 553, 558, 563, 568, 575–579, 584–586, 592, 594, 602, 612–613
  • Latin American position, 542, 558–560, 565, 570, 581, 588, 591–592, 594–595, 600, 603, 606
  • Liberian position, 589, 591
  • Libya (see also Italian colonies: Cyrenaica, Fezzan, etc., and Tripolitania): Advisory Council, proposed, 568, 574, 577, 579, 585, 590, 593, 607, 610; Arab position, 545, 563, 573, 591–592, 606; British position, 474, 485, 531, 533–534, 536–537, 544–546, 558, 563, 566–573, 576–577, 581, 593, 598–599, 602, 604–607; Egyptian position, 533, 535–536, 558, 563, 568, 573–574, 576–577, 607; foreign troops and bases, Soviet proposal for withdrawal of, 590; French policy, 533–534, 536, 558, 563, 568–571, 573–574, 576–577, 607, 609–610; independence, proposed, 474, 529, 534, 537, 540–543, 545, 551–553, 559–593 passim, 607–608; Italian policy, 533–534, 541–542, 550, 568, 577, 580n , 584, 607, 609–610; multiple trusteeship, proposed, 531, 533–534, 536–537, 546, 558–559; Pakistani policy, 607; Soviet policy, 570, 573, 586, 589–590; strategic importance of, 570, 572–574, 577; United Nations Commission, proposed, 599–600; United Nations Commissioner for, 607–608, 610; United Nations General Assembly considerations, 474, 485, 526, 533–534, 542, 551, 564, 567, 569–570, 572–574, 577, 585, 589, 593, 605–609; United Nations trusteeship, proposed, 593; U.S. policy, 532–534, 536–538, 540–541, 551–553, 558, 561, 563–564, 568, 572–574, 576–577, 579, 585–586, 592–595, 598–603, 605, 607, 609–610; U.S. trusteeship, proposed, 534
  • Pakistani proposals, 586
  • Soviet position, 542, 559–561, 589, 605, 734
  • Tripolitania: Advisory Council, proposed, 553, 563, 581, 584; Arab position, 541, 553; British administration, 534, 536; 553, 563, 582, 605; British policy, 526–530, 533, 537, 550, 556, 567, 584, 605; Egyptian interest, 529–531, 553, 563; French policy, 526–527, 529–531, 545, 553, 563; independence, proposed, 533, 541, 580, 584, 609; Iraqi interest, 529; Italian trusteeship, proposed, 526–585 passim, 606, 610; Lebanese interest, 529; multiple trusteeship, proposed, 530–531, 533, 536, 553; Pakistani, interest, 529; Soviet policy, 530, 533; United Nations General Assembly considerations, 527, 529, 540, 584–585; United Nations trusteeship, proposed, 530; U.S. air base facilities at Wheelus Field, 529, 564, 573, 609; U.S. policy, 527, 534, 541, 549–551, 553–554, 558, 563, 565, 579, 584–585, 593; U.S. trusteeship, proposed, 529–530, 532–533, 537, 541, 556; Uruguayan proposal, 553–554
  • United Nations General Assembly considerations, 539–613 passim, 806
  • U.S. policy, 474, 528, 534–585 passim, 591–608
• Italy (see also Italian colonies, etc., and Italian subheadings under individual countries and subjects):
  • Confederazione Generate Italiana del Lavoro (CGIL), 704n , 705n , 708–710
  • Council of Ministers, 593
  • Customs Union with France, 253, 349, 458, 548
  • Devaluation of the Italian lira, 476
  • Economic and commercial negotiations with Belgium, France, and the Netherlands, 656–658, 666, 680
  • Exchange convertibility with France and Benelux, 349, 419, 423, 490–491
  • Federazione Italiana del Lavoro (FIL), 708–711
  • Government, 8–9, 18, 23, 29–30, 32, 39, 41, 43, 48, 125–126, 144–145, 155–156, 173, 253, 323, 346, 349, 475–476, 488, 497, 501, 503, 511, 514–516, 519–522, 524, 526–529, 540, 542, 546–547, 549–550, 558, 565–566, 569, 575–576, 578–580, 594, 600, 610
  • Greece, relations with, 476
  • Labor movement in, U.S. interest in the formation of a unified non-Communist, 704–711
  • Libera Confederazione Generate Italiana dei Lavoratori (LCGIL), 704n , 708–711
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Peace treaty, implementation or revision of, 18, 24, 30–31, 41, 43, 183, 142–143, 156, 222, 319, 497, 504–507, 510, 512n , 514–516, 520, 523, 548, 555–556, 562–563, 567, 581, 607
  • Political parties: Christian Democrats, 708–710; Communists, 254, 303, 476, 637, 704n , 707, 709, 814; Nenni Socialists (see PSI ); Partito Socialista dei Lavoratori (PSLI) (Saragat Socialists), 704–705, 708–710; Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI) (Nenni Socialists), 167, 704, 708–709; Republicans, 704n , 708, 710–711; Saragat Socialists (see PSLI); Socialists (see PSI and PSLI)
  • Soviet atom bomb explosion, reaction to, 475
  • Strategic importance of, 13, 143–144
  • Supreme Council of Defense, 323n
  • U.S. export control program, 350, 476, 480n , 482
  • U.S. policy, 144–145
  • Yugoslavia: Fisheries convention with, Apr. 13, 503–504, 517; naval agreement with, 504; policy toward Italy, 253, 475–476; relations with, 503–504; trade agreement with, 476, 504, 516–518
• Ivory Coast, 676
• Jacquin de Margerie, Roland, 566
• Japan, 455, 477
• Japanese peace treaty, 477
• Jebb, Sir Hubert Miles Gladwyn, 44–45, 48, 183, 271, 289–291, 325, 326n , 365, 758
• Jellicoe, Earl George Patrick John Rushworth, 504, 507, 508n , 521n
• Jernegan, John D., 117–118, 120, 209–210, 234n , 359
• Jessup, Philip C., 265, 267, 269, 325, 423n , 425–426, 588–589, 594–602, 605, 738, 758, 820n
• Jester, Perry N., 672
• Johnson, Louis A., 301, 304, 308, 322–323, 357–358, 362–364, 640n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): French desire to be included on the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 294; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 10–13, 40, 120–121, 315–317, 319, 322–323, 325–328; Scandinavian defense pact, military and security implications of, 95–101; Tripolitania, strategic importance of, 529; U.S. military assistance program, 37, 39n , 668; U.S. military base rights, 37–38, 39n ; U.S. representative on the Military Committee on the Western European Union, 110
• Jones, Edgar, 781
• Jones, George L., 554
• Jonsson, Emil, 202–203, 205–206, 225, 236
• Jonsson, Eysteinn, 202–203, 225, 227–229, 236
• Joyce, Robert P., 472, 494, 504, 506
• Judd, Walter H., 500n
• Juin, Gen. Alphonse, 108, 121
• Kardelj, Edvard, 521n
• Katz, Milton, 257–258, 375, 395n , 408–412, 464–467, 468n , 677
• Kauffmann, Henrik de, 1n , 17, 88, 134, 140, 157, 193, 198, 200–201, 206, 208, 210, 271, 285, 625
• Kennan, George F., 289, 301, 725–726, 820, 830, 847n
• Kenney, W. John, 443, 450, 454, 460–462, 464, 843–844
• Kenya, 578
• Kibler, Maj. Gen. A. Franklin, 57, 322
• Kirk, Adm. Alan G., 13–14, 40–41, 43–44, 60, 64, 124, 165–166, 225, 233, 238, 258, 343–344, 369n , 423, 437, 472, 476–478, 481–482, 489, 635
• Kjoelsen, Commodore Frits Aage Hammer, 206, 209
• Kohler, Foy D., 26n , 51–53, 65–66, 235–236, 499–500
• Kopper, Samuel K. G., 554
• Korea: Defense of South Korea, U.S. responsibility for, 24, 27, 46; Soviet policy, 235
• Kurds, 235
• Labor, (U.S.) Department of, 832
• Labouisse, Henry R., Jr., 48n , 380–381, 397n , 439, 845–847
• Lacoste, Robert, 650
• Landon, Maj. Gen. Truman H., 301
• Lane, Thomas A., 704–705
• Lange, Halvard Manthey, 7, 35–36, 51, 60–62, 65–73, 76–77, 79, 83, 91, 94, 102, 104–105, 109, 121–146 passim, 157, 271, 275–276, 280, 285, 464, 467, 723
• Latin America. see American Republics; and under Italian colonies, etc., and Spain.
• League of Nations, 620
• Leahy, Fleet Admiral William D., 38
• Lebanon, 529, 560
• Le Gallais, Hugues, 30, 34, 80–81, 127, 151, 155, 158–160, 186, 190, 217, 221, 271, 285
• Lemnitzer, Maj. Gen. Lyman L., 16, 105, 206, 212
• Lend-Lease, 361
• Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 690
• Leopold III, King of the Belgians. 412, 431–432, 436
• Le Rougetel, Sir John H., 210, 233
• Liberia, 560, 589, 591
• Libya. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Lie, Trygve, 511n , 514, 592
• Lippmann, Walter, 104
• Lodge, Henry Cabot, 142
• Lombardo, Ivan Matteo, 704n , 705, 709
• Longman, Tremper, 460
• Loridan, Walter, 40–41, 43, 60, 271
• Lovett, Robert A., 4–40 passim, 48, 141, 369, 526, 704
• Luciolli, Mario, 271, 319, 579–581
• Luxembourg (see also Benelux and under NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union), 560
• Macao, 720
• MacArthur, Douglas, 2d, 356–358, 423, 426n , 473, 494, 681, 758n
• MacBride, Seán, 15n , 292–293, 441, 464
• MacVeagh, Lincoln, 10–20, 179–182, 237–239, 242–243, 254–255, 714–715, 754
• Maddox, Maj. Gen. Ray T., 255
• Makiedo, Sergiye, 514, 515n
• Makins, Sir Roger M., 57, 138, 325, 369
• Malaya, 246, 811, 831
• Mallaby, Howard G. C., 307
• Mallet, Sir Victor Alexander Louis, 507n , 508, 562, 565
• Malta, 32, 853
• Mangano, Philip A., 504
• Manzini, Raimondo, 532
• Marjolin, Robert E., 422–423, 432, 453, 456, 463, 658
• Marras, Gen. Efisio Luigi, 319, 346
• Marsal, Conde de, 763–765
• Manshall George C., 9, 15n , 70, 72, 108, 117, 139, 141, 294, 306, 372, 433, 435, 727, 730, 732, 734
• Martin, Edwin M., 351, 849n
• Martin, William McC., 781, 783, 796, 806n
• Martino, Enrico, 517
• Marvel, Josiah, 6, 17, 20–22, 46–47, 139–140, 200
• Massigli, René, 340, 474, 842–843
• Mates, Leo, 508–509, 521
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 5, 25–27, 36–37, 63, 463
• Mauretania, 676
• Mayer, René, 672
• McCarran, Patrick A., 761
• McCloy, John J., 343–344, 350, 434n , 437, 447–448, 454, 459n , 473–475, 485–488, 494, 659, 663, 665
• McCormack, John W., 298
• McCullough, James A., 383, 781, 784
• McGhee, George C., 325, 596–600, 604, 609n
• McNeil, Hector, 447, 544, 546, 556, 596–608
• Meade, C. A. Gerald, 531–534, 536, 538
• Mediterranean (see also under NATO ): Fact, proposed, 117, 119–120, 125, 142, 234, 517; security of, question of, 13–14, 30, 43, 142
• Meeting of U.S. ambassadors in Europe at Paris, Oct. 21–22, 469–496
• Meisdalshagen, Olav, 401n
• Merrell, George R., 582–583
• Mesta, Perle, 463
• Mexico, 560
• Military assistance program (U.S.) for countries participating in NATO and Western European Union: Belgian role, 148, 251–252, 267–268; bilateral, agreements, 351–352, 360–362, 364–365, 668, 671; British role, 136–139, 146–147, 163, 165–166, 224–225, 220–232, 247, 251–252, 268, 295–296, 360–362, 364–365; Brussels Pact Foreign Ministers meeting at London and request for U.S. miliary assistance, 183, 195, 224–225, 229–233, 245–248, 285–288; Canadian role, 138, 311–313; Danish role, 206–208, 212–213, 288, 362; development of, 1, 16–17, 37–39, 48–50, 54–59, 71, 100 103–104, 106, 110–113, 136–139, 148, 194, 206–209, 231–232, 240–241, 245–253, 257–261, 267–269, 287–288, 294–307, 300–310, 323, 339, 341–342, 351–352, 389, 427, 473, 478, 490, 494, 634, 660–661, 748–749, 816, 820n , 831; equality of treatment principle, 246, 251–253; European Correlation Committee, 244–250, 301–306, 310–311, 341–342; French role, 146–150, 230, 232, 251–252, 266, 288–289, 294–296, 318n , 320–321, 362, 626–629, 634–635, 630–642, 660–661, 667–668, 748; Italy, negotiations with, 240, 288, 341, 362; Luxembourg role, 148, 251–252; mutual aid principle, 231–232, 241, 249, 286–287, 300, 360, 362, 626, 667, 671; Netherlands role, 148, 163, 165–166, 178–179, 194–195, 224, 230, 246, 251–253, 258–261, 267–269; Norwegian role, 208, 240, 288, 362, 774; OEEC relationship, 248, 380; Portuguese role, 249n ; reciprocal aid principle, 138–139, 147, 149, 230–232, 249, 251; Spain, noninclusion of, 734, 748–749, 762
• Millar, Sir Frederic Hoyer, 32, 70–80, 187, 214n , 245n , 271, 200, 346–348, 504, 790n
• Millard, Hugh, 303–304, 399–400, 411–412, 415–416, 423, 431–433, 437–438, 454, 842n
• Mitterand, François, 633
• Moch, Jules, 672
• Moens de Fernig, 409
• Molotov, Vyacheslov Mikhailovich, 435
• Mondello, Mario, 271
• Monnet, Jean, 444n , 463, 643–644, 648
• Montana, Vanni, 706
• Montgomery, Field’ Marshal the Viscount Bernard Law, 64, 165
• Moose, James S., 531–532, 596–602
• Moreland, William Dawson, 673
• Moreno, Andreas, 744
• Morgenstierne, Wilhelm Munthe de, 24–25, 61–62, 66, 69, 123, 135, 151, 158, 160–163, 167, 174, 217, 220–222, 271, 285
• Morocco. see French Morocco.
• Morrison, Herbert S., 138, 400, 852
• Mozambique, 717
• Munitions Board, 113
• Murphy, Robert D.; 265, 453–456, 462–464, 467n , 468n
• Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949 (MDAF), 341, 351, 360–362, 366
• Myrdal, Gunnar, 848
• National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems, 195, 379, 382, 398, 419–421, 637–638, 649–650, 682, 684–685, 718, 744, 797
• National Military Establishment. see Defense, (U.S.) Department of.
• National Security Council: Italian colonies, disposition of former, 529, 563–564, 571–579; Italy, U.S. policy toward, 143; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 10, 95, 98, 324; Southeast Asia, U.S. policy toward, 496; Spain, U.S. policy toward, 731; strategic importance of Greenland, Iceland, and the Azores, 313; U.S. and North Atlantic security interests in Iceland, 313–315; U.S. base negotiations with Denmark and Norway, 98–99; U.S. representation on the Military Committee of Western European Union, 110
• Near and Middle East, 244, 256, 270, 290, 340, 831–832
• Nenni, Pietro, 523, 708
• Nerva, Marques de, 763, 766
• Netherlands (see also Indonesian question and under ECA , NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union):
  • Agreements with the United States: Relief supplies and packages for the Netherlands, Jan. 17, 712; U.S. Educational Foundation in the Netherlands, May 17, 712
  • Economic and commercial negotiations with Belgium, France, and Italy, 656–658, 680
  • Economic Cooperation Administration aid, 238, 259
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 561
  • U.S. export control program, 476n , 480n
  • U.S. policy, 549–550
• Netherlands East Indies. see Indonesian question.
• New Zealand, 560, 724
• Newfoundland, 614
• Nicaragua, 219, 560
• Nicholson, Kenneth J., 653
• Nielsen, Sivert A., 69, 271
• Nitze, Paul H., 15–17, 48n , 54–59, 626, 806n , 820n
• Nolting, Frederick E., 258
• Norstad, Gen. Lauris, 255–256
• North Africa (see also NATO : Algeria, etc.), 565–566, 576
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also Military Assistance Program, etc.):
  • Algeria, question regarding inclusion of, 5, 14, 27–28, 32–33, 77, 86–87, 107, 114, 129, 131, 151, 283
  • Belgian role, 1n , 4, 13–14, 30–32, 34, 41n , 43–44, 55, 81, 83–84, 87, 124, 127–129, 133–134, 141, 151, 155, 158–159, 167, 186, 190–192, 217, 220–221, 233, 242, 261, 271, 275–276, 279–280, 284, 329, 335–336, 350, 357, 412
  • Benelux role, 4, 238, 268, 291
  • British role, 1n , 4–5, 29–33, 39, 42, 44, 52, 77–80, 84, 87, 120, 122, 127, 130, 132–133, 141, 151, 153–154, 157–159, 162, 167, 170–173, 175, 185–187, 189, 191, 198, 202, 209–210, 215–218, 221–222, 233, 242, 256–257, 261–264, 271, 273–275, 278, 280, 284–285, 290–291, 315, 319, 322, 324–326, 328–330, 334–336, 345, 347, 357, 359–362, 537, 791
  • Brussels Pact countries, participation by the, 1, 29, 40–41, 81, 100, 145, 324 358
  • Canadian role, 1, 4, 14, 30, 32–34, 77, 80–81, 84–87, 126–127, 133, 141, 145, 151, 153–155, 157–162, 167, 169–174, 186–187, 190, 192, 216–217, 220–224, 233, 257, 261, 266, 268, 271, 278, 284, 291, 302, 311–312, 315–317, 329, 335–336, 350
  • Communist opposition to, 669
  • Council, 256, 266, 268, 272–273, 283, 291, 317, 321, 324, 326, 330–332, 337, 351–352, 363–366
  • Danish participation, question of, 1–3, 5–7, 13, 15n , 17, 21–22, 25–27, 30–31, 34–36, 46–47, 51, 61, 63, 66, 71–72, 74–78, 80–84, 96–98, 100–101, 109, 122, 127–128, 134, 139–140, 144, 152–153, 157, 164, 173–174, 176–177, 186, 193–194, 198–201, 207–214, 223, 233n , 234, 271–273, 278–279, 285, 329, 335–336, 357, 363, 620, 624, 773–775
  • Defense Committee, 4, 12–13, 31, 49, 108, 120, 161–162, 199–200, 204–205, 223, 257, 263, 266, 268, 272–274, 291, 318n , 319, 322, 324, 329, 332–333, 336–338, 345, 351–352, 357, 362n , 365
    • Military Committee, 330, 333–334, 336, 352–353, 357–358, 362n , 363; Executive Committee, 315–316, 319, 323n ; regional planning [Page 869] groups, 319–346 passim, 353–354, 358; Standing Committee, 325–326, 328, 330, 333–336, 358; Steering Committee, 257, 315, 319, 322, 323n
    • Military Production and Supply Board, 352, 362n
    • Report on strategic concept for the defense of the North Atlantic area, 352–358, 362, 366
  • Defense Financial and Economic Committee (DFEC), 326, 352
  • Defense Ministers, meeting of, 356–358, 362–364
  • Draft treaty, Dec. 24, 1948, 4
  • Duration of treaty, 27, 33–34, 104, 180–181, 237–239, 242
  • Foreign Ministers, conference at Washington of, Apr. 2, 271–281
  • French role, 1n , 3–5, 14, 29, 31–34, 41n , 44, 52, 56, 76–77, 83–84, 86–87, 114, 120–145 passim, 151–152, 155–156, 159–161, 167, 169, 171–173, 185–188, 192, 214–215, 219–224, 233–234, 242, 247, 256–257, 261–264, 271, 273, 277–278, 280–281, 284–285, 288–289, 291, 306–307, 315, 318–322, 325–326, 328–330, 334–336, 345, 358, 546, 634, 667–668
  • Greece, question regarding inclusion of, 14, 29–30, 32, 43, 142, 144
  • Icelandic participation, question of, 1, 13, 15n , 22, 50, 68, 84, 97, 109, 122, 136, 144, 164, 173–174, 176–177, 186, 202–206, 214, 223, 225–229, 233n , 234, 236–237, 248, 271, 285, 313–315, 329, 336, 693, 695–696, 701
  • Iranian participation, question of, 29, 62
  • Irish participation, question of, 1, 13, 15, 90–91, 122, 136, 144, 154, 192, 292–293
  • Italian participation, question of, 2–44 passim, 53, 62, 87, 104, 122–126, 128–130, 132–137, 141–145, 151–156, 164, 166–167, 173–174, 176–177, 186, 188, 216, 222–223, 233–234, 253–254, 264, 271, 273, 277, 280, 285, 319–320, 322–326, 328–329, 336–338, 345–346, 357, 545–546, 548, 550, 562
  • Luxembourg role, 1n , 30, 34, 80–81, 118, 127, 141, 151, 155, 158–160, 186, 190, 217, 221, 233, 242, 261, 271, 284–285, 329, 335
  • Mediterranean area, question regarding inclusion of, 12, 14, 43
  • Netherlands role, 1n , 28–30, 32–34, 75–76, 82–84, 87, 118, 120–127, 132, 134–135, 141, 151–153, 158, 160–163, 167, 169–170, 185, 188, 214–215, 220–222, 233, 242, 259, 261, 268, 271, 284–285, 322, 329, 335–336, 350, 357
  • Norwegian participation, question of, 1, 5–7, 13, 15n , 17, 21–22, 24–27, 30–31, 34–36, 46–47, 51, 53, 60–109 passim, 121–167 passim, 173–174, 186–191, 206–209, 220–222, 233, 271, 275–276, 280, 285, 329, 335–336, 357–358, 620, 773–775
  • Portuguese participation, question of, 1, 13, 15n , 19–20, 122, 126, 136, 144, 152, 164, 173–174, 176–177, 179–182, 186, 188, 201–202, 223, 233n , 234, 237–239, 242, 254–255, 264, 271, 274–277, 285, 329, 336, 715
  • Production and Supply Board, 322, 324
  • Scandinavian countries, question regarding participation of, 620
  • Soviet attitude, 51–53, 60–61, 63, 65–66, 69–70, 72, 74–75, 91–94, 98, 123, 145–146, 153, 164, 171, 217, 224, 235, 238, 261–265, 277–280, 281n , 734
  • Spanish participation, question of, 13, 19–20, 29, 181–182, 243, 255, 732, 734, 739, 748, 762
  • Swedish participation, question of, 2, 5–7, 13, 17, 21, 36, 61–62, 66, 69–71, 76–78, 80, 84, 100, 350, 775, 779
  • Swiss attitude, 350
  • Territorial scope, 11–12, 14, 25, 28–30, 75, 86–87
  • Treaty signed at Washington, Apr. 4, 281–285, 331, 338–340, 353–354, 364, 478, 482, 490–491, 808
  • Turkey, question regarding inclusion of, 14, 29–30, 32, 43, 117–120, 142, 144, 234–235
  • United Nations, relationship to the, 29, 33–34, 74, 83, 85, 92, 114–116, 119, 167–172, 185, 188–191, 193, 202, 214–221, 223, 230, 261–265, 279, 281–284, 353
  • U.S. military base rights, question of, 37–39, 49, 139, 104, 201, 204, 231, 295, 622, 670–671, 681–682
  • U.S. policy, 1–2, 8–15, 19, 27–28, 31–34, 40–42, 48, 50, 62, 70–71, 73–74, 77, 81–82, 84–88, 102–106, 113–116, 122–124, 128–136, 141–145, 151–152, 156–159, 161–164, 166–174, 185–192, 198–205, 211–214, 217–219, 221–222, 224, 233–235, 240–243, 248, 255–285 passim, 291, 302–346 passim, 362–364, 434, 469, 471 [Page 870] 473, 478, 482–483, 494, 533, 666–668, 733, 738, 819
  • Vandenberg Resolution (Senate Resolution 239, 80th Congress), June 11, 1948, 24–25, 27, 35, 46, 73, 81, 113, 147, 286, 297, 774
  • Washington exploratory talks on security: Ambassadorial meetings, 3–4, 27–34, 73–88, 123, 125–135, 141, 151–163, 166–174, 185–192, 213–224; International Working Group (Party), 4n , 160–162, 191, 223–224; report on, 10–11; Washington paper, Sept. 9, 1948, 4n , 133; Working Group (Party), 320–321, 323n , 325, 327, 330–337, 350, 352
• Norway (see also under ERP , NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union):
  • Agreements with the United States respecting: Double taxation, June 13, 713; relief supplies and packages for Norway, Oct 31, 713; U.S. Education Foundation in Norway, May 25, 713
  • Foreign military bases in peacetime, question of, 83, 92–93, 105, 146
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560, 606, 608
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Soviet pressure on, 123–124, 139, 145–146
  • Soviet proposal for nonaggression pact, 72–73, 91, 93–94, 122, 124, 128, 146, 187–190
  • Sweden: Arms for Norway, 3, 26, 79; defense of Norway, 25–26; policy toward Norway, 21
  • U.S. export control program, 350, 476n
• Nunan, Sean, 15, 90–91
• Nuveen, John, 454–455, 464
• Nygaard, Eigil, 186–189, 191, 271
• Ockrent, Roger, 455
• Ohly, John H., 9–10
• Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) (see also ERP ):
  • Anglo-American zones of occupation in Germany (Bizonia), participation of, 386, 397
  • Austrian role, 241, 386, 397
  • Belgian role, 241, 269, 369–370; 375, 384–387, 397–424 passim, 431–432, 438, 453, 455–456, 459, 462, 464–465, 796
  • Benelux role, 437
  • British role, 241, 340, 347, 369–453 passim, 460–466, 468n , 470–471, 473, 489–491, 494, 496, 652, 655, 659, 661, 717, 793, 799, 808
  • Committee of Nine, 369–370, 373
  • Commodity, import requirements, 429
  • Conditional aid, 403–407
  • Consultative Group, 346, 374–375, 380–381, 394, 401–403, 406, 427, 441, 449–450, 452, 455, 459, 464, 467–468
  • Convertibility of currencies, problems regarding, 383–384, 387, 395–398, 403–404, 406, 419n , 490–491, 798–799
  • Council of Ministers, 241, 346–347, 369–370, 373, 375, 380–381, 397, 400, 402–403, 405–407, 411, 427, 429–432, 438, 440–442, 445, 449–450, 456–457, 459, 461, 464, 467
  • Counterpart funds, utilization of, 427, 446, 461
  • Customs union, proposed, 778
  • Danish role, 241, 386, 622, 624
  • Director General, proposed appointment of, 412n , 415–416, 422–423, 425, 430–432, 434–436, 441–443, 447–450, 452–456, 459, 464–468
  • Dollar deficit problem, 421, 448, 454, 470, 798
  • Drawing rights, questions regarding transferability of, 383–384, 386–387, 395–397, 399, 403–407, 440, 447, 457–458, 461, 799
  • Dual price problem, 460–462, 490, 659, 717
  • ECA role, 184, 241, 257, 378–430 passim, 438–439, 443–451, 456–458, 461–462, 472–473, 490, 622, 645, 657–659, 777, 799
  • European exchange rates, 377–379, 382–383, 391–394, 397–400, 404, 413–414, 420–421, 423, 427, 439, 449
  • ERP program, 184, 449, 661
  • Executive Committee, 375, 377, 380–381, 401, 446, 457, 459
  • Foreign exchange liberalization pool ($150 million), utilization of, 657–658
  • French role, 241, 370n , 371, 375, 379–380, 386, 397, 400–401, 404–405, 407, 410, 419, 421–422, 425, 437, 441, 443, 461, 463–467, 470, 652, 657, 659, 661, 664, 680, 686, 796
  • Greek role, 241, 386, 397
  • Icelandic role, 241
  • International cartels, questions regarding possible reestablishment, 443–446, 454
  • Intra-European trade and payments programs, 112, 149, 196–197, 249, 258, 287, 344, 347, 372–374, 377n , 382–387, 394–423 passim 439–440, 445–446, 449, 457–458, 461, 470, 657–658, 662, 778, 782, 784, 796–798, 835
  • Irish role, 241, 292, 441
  • Italian role 241, 371, 380, 386, 410, 410, 437, 465, 407, 548, 842n
  • Luxembourg role, 241, 397
  • Military expenditures, nonuse of ECA funds for, 389
  • Multilateral trade policies, proposals regarding, 376–377, 381, 383, 386–387, 392, 398, 400–402, 406, 419n , 449, 461
  • Netherlands role, 241, 380, 386, 397, 405, 407, 410–411, 427, 441, 446
  • Norwegian role, 241, 386, 397, 427, 465, 467
  • Overseas territories, development of, 450–451
  • Participating countries, 343, 381, 385, 387–391, 396–397, 400–405, 407n , 413–415, 419–420, 427–428, 436–467 passim, 492, 794, 797–798, 808, 814–815, 817–819, 826–827, 829
  • Payments Committee, 385–387, 396–397 401–403
  • Portuguese role, 241, 386, 408, 411, 465, 467, 716
  • Restrictive business and trade policies, question of, 375–376, 378, 381, 388, 391–394, 401, 404, 406, 413, 419–420, 423, 439–440, 443, 445–446, 448, 454–455, 457–458, 490–491, 657, 659, 662, 686, 798, 814–815, 818
  • Scandinavian role, 371, 441, 462
  • Secretariat, 408, 418, 465
  • Secretary-General, 376, 407, 450, 465, 467
  • Swedish role, 241, 377, 380, 386, 407, 777
  • Swiss role, 241, 380, 386, 307, 410–411
  • Turkish rote, 241, 380, 386, 408
  • U.S. economic assistance, allocation of, 408–411, 416–418, 449, 461–462, 490, 658, 661, 718
  • U.S. policy, 206–208, 241, 338, 343, 373–374, 380–405 passim, 412–473 passim, 485, 489–491, 654–655, 659, 664, 666–667, 798–799, 808, 839
  • West German participation, 241, 394, 427, 461, 488, 659
• Pacciardi, Randolfo, 337
• Pakistan, 529, 56, 586, 607–608, 717
• Palestine question (see also Israel), 44, 206, 392, 541, 540, 557, 560, 603
• Palmer, Joseph, 558–561, 583
• Palutan, Dr. Gioacchino, 502
• Pan American Union, 45
• Panama, 560
• Panyushkin, A., 261
• Paraguay, 560
• Parodi, Alexandre, 721
• Parri, Enrico, 708, 711
• Parsons, Col: F. G. A., 502–504
• Pasqualini, Giovanni, 708
• Pastore, Giulio, 704, 708, 710–711
• Patten, David L., 714–715, 718
• Peake, Sir Charles, 508–510, 510
• Pearson, Lester B., 154, 150–160, 223; 271, 278, 284, 312, 832
• Pella, Giuseppe, 464, 467
• Pelt, Adrian, 608
• Penney, José Campbell, 528
• Pereira, Pedro Theotónio, 237n 238, 242, 271, 285
• Perkins, George W., 315–317, 324, 342–344, 356, 421–423, 433–434, 453, 469–496 passim, 522–525, 579, 604, 756–758, 805
• Peru, 560, 742, 749
• Petsche, Maurice, 147, 400–402, 407, 424, 642–645, 648n , 649–650, 654–660, 662, 665, 671n , 672, 678–680, 682–684, 686, 842
• Peurifoy, John E., 48n , 725
• Pflimlin, Pierre, 651, 653
• Philippines, 208, 560–561, 570, 608, 613
• Pieck, Wilhelm, 488, 690
• Pierce, Sydney, 845
• Pleven, René, 358
• Point Four Program, 544, 573, 584, 810
• Poland, 483, 560, 623, 733, 737n , 742–743, 778
• Policy Planning Staff of the Department of State, 478, 822–830
• Portugal (see also Azores and under ERP , NATO , OEEC , and Western European Union): Agreement with the United States respecting settlement of certain war claims against the United States, Oct. 3, 1947, Feb. 21, May 3 and 20, and Aug. 4, 1949, 720; ECA assistance, 238n , 714–715, 717; Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614; overseas colonies, development of, 716–717, 710; Soviet Union, attitude toward, 716
• Potsdam Conference (1945), 265
• Prebensen, Per Preben, 61
• President’s committee for financing foreign trade, 836
• Prieto, Indalecio, 767
• Queuille, Henri, 147, 628–652 passim, 661–665, 668n , 669, 671n , 672
• Radford, Vice Adm. Arthur W., 118, 234
• Ramadier, Paul, 147, 643
• Randall, Sir Alec Walter George, 6, 36
• Randall, Harold M., 763
• Rasmussen, Gustav, 5, 17, 21, 36, 46, 140, 157, 164, 103–104, 108–201, 206–214, 271–273, 278–280, 285
• Rau, Sir Benegal, 597
• Raynor, G. Hayden, 425, 721–724, 735n
• Reams, Robert B., 508–509, 521, 524n
• Reciprocal trade agreements act, 837
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 668
• Reed, Charles S., 258
• Reed, Horace G., 400–401, 641–645
• Reina, Antonio, 740
• Renaud, Pierre J. M., 681
• Rendel, Sir George William, 369n
• Reston, James B., 107, 145
• Reuchlin, O., 271
• Reynaud, Paul, 641–643, 646
• Robertson, Sir Brian Hubert, 487
• Robertson, Norman A., 789–790
• Robinson, Virginia Mae, 673
• Rocchi, Appio Claudio, 705, 710–711
• Rocheta, Manuel, 271
• Rogers, R. L., 271
• Romita, Giuseppe, 705, 709–710
• Ronald, Sir Nigel, 19–20, 179–180, 201–202, 237, 239
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 716
• Roosevelt, Mrs. Franklin D., 737–738
• Roseman, Alvin J., 121
• Ross, John C., 602, 604–605
• Rostow, Gene, 847–849
• Routledge, R. J., 513–514
• Rowan, Sir Leslie, 845, 847n
• Ruhr, 488–489
• Rumbold, Sir Anthony, 508n 509n
• Rusk, Dean, 113, 209, 324, 338, 359–360, 530, 532–534, 536–537, 539–542, 552–553, 568–569, 580, 604, 725, 730, 735n , 750n , 754, 820n , 847n
• Saadawi, Beshir, 535
• Saint Laurent, Louis Stephen, 789
• Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, 239, 242–243, 714–719
• Sale, William B., 539, 546
• Saltzman, Charles E., 725
• Santa Cruz, Hernán, 738
• Saragat, Giuseppe, 7–8, 23, 704, 708–709
• Satterthwaite, Joseph C., 118, 175–176, 209n , 210n , 234n , 328, 528–532, 536–538, 725
• Satterthwaite, Livingston L., 90, 325, 371, 423n , 583, 758, 805–806, 849–850
• Saudi Arabia, 560
• Sayed Idriss, 535, 554–557, 562, 564, 567, 572, 579, 581, 598, 605–607, 609–610
• Scandinavia (see also under NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union): Customs union, proposed, 622–623, 778; economic cooperation committee, 778; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 587; meeting of prime, foreign, and defense ministers at Karlsbad, Sweden, Jan. 5–6, 6–7, 17, 20–22, 25–26, 35; neutrality, 25, 35–36, 61, 67, 78–80, 83, 88–89, 96, 98–101, 104, 620; Scandinavian (Nordic) defense pact, negotiations concerning, 6–7, 17, 20–22, 24, 27, 34–36, 46–47, 51–52, 61–105 passim, 124, 128, 139, 193, 620, 774–775; solidarity of, 21, 67, 71, 74–75, 88; Soviet attitude, 51–52, 69–70, 98; Soviet domination over, U.S. policy regarding possibility of, 98–99, 101
• Schuman, Robert: Customs union between France and Italy, 253; devaluation of British pound, 842; economic and political situation in France, 631, 652, 679; European Recovery Program, 370, 409, 422–425, 440–443, 464–467, 680; French Foreign Minister, 678n ; German question, 447n , 659–660; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 526–528, 544–546, 548, 557; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 123, 185, 214, 265–266, 271, 273, 277–278, 280–281, 285, 291, 306–307, 309, 318, 321, 338–339; Spanish question, 721, 730, 734; U.S. Military Assistance Program, 146–148, 165–166, 230, 232, 245, 247n , 266, 306, 634–635; U.S. policy toward France, 654–655, 660, 665–666; Western European Union, 45, 53, 59, 306
• Schweitzer, Pierre Paul, 672
• Senegal, 676
• Seyfert, Conrad, 271
• Sforza, Count Carlo, 7–8, 18, 233–234, 253–254, 271, 273–274, 277, 280, 285, 319, 323n , 324–326, 328–329, 337, 349, 442, 508, 510, 512n , 518–519, 521, 524, 526–527, 545–554, 559–560, 562, 564–568, 583–585, 588, 593–595
• Sheppard, William J., 356
• Shuckburgh, Charles A. E., 339–340, 841–842
• Shukry, Fuad, 535
• Siam, 560
• Silone, Ignazio, 709
• Silvercruys, Baron Robert, 13, 30–32, 34, 81, 83, 87, 124, 127–129, 133–134, 151, 155, 158–159, 186, 190–191, 217, 220–221, 271, 284, 423
• Simonini, Alberto, 704–705
• Singapore, 831
• Skylstad, Rasmus I. B., 51, 60, 121–122
• Smith, Kingsbury, 65n , 189
• Snow, William P., 311–313
• Snoy et d’Oppuers, Jean-Charles, 411, 658
• Snyder, John W., 382, 394–395, 642, 654–657, 718, 790–793, 795–797, 799–802, 806n , 820, 826n , 832–833
• Somaliland, British, 575, 578, 584
• Somaliland, French, 584
• Somaliland, Italian. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Souers, Sidney W., 10, 563, 571
• South Schleswig, 624–625
• Southard, Frank A., 382, 783n
• Southeast Asia, 246, 290, 495–496, 605, 811
• Soviet Union (see also Soviet subheadings under individual countries and subjects): Atomic bomb, production of, 429, 473–475, 477, 480, 761; peace offensive, 635–636
• Spaak, Paul-Henri, 40, 43–44, 64, 124, 165–166, 230–232, 238, 245, 267–269, 271, 275–277, 279, 284, 291, 307, 317–318, 344, 369–371, 380, 395–447 passim, 456, 459, 462–464, 467–468, 490, 738, 842n
• Spain (see also under ERP , NATO , and Western European Union):
  • Aircraft engines, proposed sale by the United States of, 725–726
  • Anarchists, 769
  • Argentine policy, 723–724, 729
  • Army role, 729, 741, 752, 756, 760, 770–771
  • Australian policy, 724
  • Barcelona Traction Company, protests regarding bankruptcy of, 764
  • Belgian policy, 722, 724, 738, 764n
  • Bolivian policy, 742, 749
  • Brazilian policy, 733, 742, 747, 749, 757
  • British oil companies, activities of, 846
  • British policy, 723–724, 730–731, 742–743, 745, 747, 752–753, 757–759, 761–762
  • Byelorussian policy, 742
  • Canadian policy, 724, 764n
  • Catholic Church role, 729, 750n , 752, 755
  • Chase National Bank loan, 729
  • Chiefs of diplomatic missions, proposed return of, 721–750 passim, 756–759
  • Chilean policy, 738
  • Colombian policy, 742, 749
  • Comité Interior de Coordinación (CTC), 759–760, 767, 769–771
  • Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), 767
  • Danish policy, 723
  • Economic and financial situation, 729–730, 736, 741, 751–752, 755–756, 760, 764, 770
  • Exile groups, activities of, 740–742, 756, 766–768
  • Export-Import Bank loan, proposed, 730, 735–736, 744–746, 750, 762–766
  • Falange party, 729, 755–756
  • French policy, 721–722, 724, 730–731, 743, 745, 747, 752–753, 757, 761–762
  • Government, 728–733, 736–737, 744, 747, 749, 754, 758, 762, 764–766
  • Iceland, relations with, 697–698, 723
  • International convention on economic statistics (1928), accession to, 723
  • Latin American resolution, 742–743, 747, 749
  • Luxembourg policy, 723
  • Monarchists, 740–741, 755, 760, 767, 769, 771
  • Netherlands policy, 722–723
  • New Zealand policy, 724
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Norwegian policy, 723
  • Peruvian policy, 742, 749
  • Polish resolution, 733, 737n , 742–743, 747
  • Political situation, 727–730, 740–742, 751–757, 759–761
  • Religious minorities, treatment of, 750
  • Scandinavian policy, 723
  • Socialists, 767, 769
  • Soviet policy, 732–734, 742
  • Strategic importance of, 725–726, 761
  • Swedish policy, 723
  • Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation with the United States, proposed, 736–737
  • Union of South African policy, 724
  • United Nations: General Assembly considerations, 721–759 passim; membership, question of, 728, 734; resolution on Spain (1946), 721, 728, 731–734, 737n , 738, 740–743, 749, 757–759, 761, 769; specialized agencies, question of Spanish admission to, 721–724, 728, 731–734, 737n , 739–741, 758
  • United States: Economic assistance, question of, 728, 735–737, 741, 760, 762, 764–766; military assistance, question of, 734, 748–749; military bases, question of, 665; naval squadron, visit by, 760; policy toward Spain, 725–769 passim
  • Yugoslav policy, 742
• Sparks, Edward J., 164n , 303–304, 624
• Spiegel, Harold, 781
• Spitzbergen: Defense and security of, 5, 69, 88, 103, 229; strategic importance of, 98–101
• Stafford, Frank E., 582–583, 604
• Stalin, Iosif Vissaroniovich, 65, 189, 229, 477, 479, 500, 635–637, 689–690
• Stefánsson, Stefan J., 68n
• Sterling area, 347, 373, 382, 392, 396, 404, 410, 413–415, 418n , 419–420, 484, 652, 785–788, 793–838 passim, 846–847
• Stewart, Michael N. F., 581–582
• Stikker, Dirk U., 163, 165–166, 178–179, 195, 230, 232, 245, 258–261, 269, 271, 285, 291, 307, 401, 441–442
• Stone T. A., 271
• Strang, Sir William, 339–340, 842
• Strategic materials, U.S. program for stockpiling of, 361, 655–656, 788, 809, 818, 821, 835–836
• Struble, Rear Adm. Arthur D., 255
• Suances Fernández, Juan Antonio, 729n , 751n
• Suez Canal, 831
• Surrey, Walter S., 69, 206, 365n , 661
• Sweden (see also Scandinavia and under ERP , NATO , OEEC , Spain, and Western European Union):
  • Agreement with the United States respecting quantitative import restrictions and deferment of payments extending the agreement of June 24, 1947, June 27, 779
  • Arms purchases from the United States, question of, 37, 726, 774–775
  • Denmark: Swedish arms for, 3, 26; Swedish defense of, 25–26; Swedish policy, 21, 212
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560
  • Neutrality, 17, 25, 47, 62, 67, 96–97, 99, 620, 772–775
  • Norway: Swedish arms for, 3, 26, 79; Swedish defense of, 25–26; Swedish policy, 21
  • Soviet Union: Loan to (1946), 778–779; policy toward, 98, 773, 779
  • Strategic location, 773, 779
  • Trade with Eastern Europe, 778
  • United Nations, policy toward, 773, 775–776
  • U.S. export control program, negotiations concerning, 778
  • U.S. policy, 772–779
• Switzerland (see also under NATO and OEEC ): Agreement with the United States respecting settlement of certain war claims, Oct. 21, 780; dollar transfers from the United Kingdom to, 809; France, loan to, 678
• Syria, 529, 560
• Taft, Orray, 535–536, 567n
• Taft, Robert, 642, 761
• Taggart, Joseph H., 301–305
• Tan Malakka, 260
• Tarchiani, Alberto, 8, 18, 23–24, 28–29, 31, 39, 125–126, 253, 271, 285, 328, 524, 539–542, 546, 551, 566n , 568–569, 580, 583–584, 593–594
• Tariff Commission (U. S.), 832
• Taylor, Wayne C., 421, 446
• Taymans, Roger, 167, 271
• Tebbit, D. C., 532, 580n
• Thomas, Norman, 706–707
• Thompson, Llewellyn E., Jr., 315, 325, 356, 434n , 514n , 753–754, 758, 845, 849n
• Thorez, Maurice, 633, 636–637, 689–690
• Thorp, Willard L., 397n , 725–726, 735n , 781, 783–784, 793–796, 847n
• Thors, Olafur, 68
• Thors, Thor, 202–203, 225, 228, 236, 271, 285
• Tito, Marshal (Josip Broz), 473–480, 494–523 passim, 690n , 726
• Tizard, Sir Henry, 450
• Tobin, Irwin M., 706–707
• Togliatti, Palmiro, 523
• Togo, 676
• Tomlinson, William M., 642, 653–654
• Torp, Oscar, 66, 69, 102
• Trans Jordan, 545, 831
• Treasury, (U.S.) Department of the, 373n , 382–383, 391, 397n , 412, 444n , 638, 643, 645, 658, 783–784, 790, 795, 820, 822n , 830–831, 846–847, 852
• Treaties, conventions, agreements, etc. (see also under NATO and individual countries):
  • Agreement between the United States and Iceland respecting U.S. utilization of Keflavik airport (1946), 204–205, 693–695, 701–702
  • Agreement between the United States and Sweden respecting quantitative import restrictions and deferment of payments (1947), 779
  • Agreement between the United States and Switzerland respecting air transport services (1945) and amendment, May 18, 1949, 780
  • Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom respecting ferrous scrap (1948) and amendment, July 1, 1949, 853
  • Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom respecting U.S. Educational Commission in the United Kingdom (1948) and amendment, Feb. 25 and Mar. 5, 1949, 853
  • Agreement between the United States-and the United Kingdom respecting leased naval and air bases (1941) and amendment, Sept. 19, 1949, 853
  • Agreements between the United States and the United Kingdom respecting fusion of American and British zones of occupation in Germany (1946) and amendment, Mar. 81, 1949, 853
  • Air transport agreement between the United States and Iceland (1945), 700
  • Anglo-Argentine Trade agreement (1948), 784
  • Anglo-French-Turkish alliance (1939). 118, 350–360
  • Anglo-German naval treaty (1985), 848n
  • Bretton Woods agreements, 834
  • Brussels treaty (1948), 1, 33, 104, 139, 181, 267, 285–287, 340, 347, 349, 358, 372, 435, 666, 808
  • Defense agreement between the United States and Iceland (1941), 693–694, 696; agreement terminating (1946), 693
  • Defense of Greenland agreement between the United States and Denmark (1941), 21–22, 200, 211, 618, 621
  • Economic cooperation agreements With: France (1948), 647, 679, 686; Iceland, 699; Sweden (1948), 778; United Kingdom (1948), 347
  • Financial agreement between Canada and the United Kingdom, 655
  • Financial agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom (1945), 401n , 421, 655, 783, 794
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) (1947), 387, 420, 460, 469, 483, 623, 666, 777, 844
  • Inter-American Treaty (Rio) (1947), 52, 76, 85, 109, 158, 172, 219–220, 314, 359
  • International convention on economic statistics (1928), 723,
  • Italian peace treaty. see under Italy and Trieste.
  • Multilateral agreement on telecommunications between the United States and British Commonwealth governments (1945) and agreement replacing, Aug. 12, 1949, 854
  • North Atlantic weather stations, multilateral agreement regarding, 615
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, Feb. 8, 614
  • Organization for European Economic Cooperation convention (1948), 345, 347, 405, 434, 441, 448–450, 452, 456, 465–467, 470, 489
  • Potsdam agreements (1945), 52, 265
  • Reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Sweden (1935), 777–778
  • Treaty between the Soviet Union and Finland (1948), 774
  • Treaty of alliance between France and the Soviet Union (1944), 265, 278
  • Treaty of alliance between France i and the United Kingdom (1947), 139
  • Treaty of alliance between Portugal and the United Kingdom, 182, 202, 274–275
  • Treaty of alliance between the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union (1942), 265
  • Treaty of friendship and nonaggression between Spain and Portugal (1939), 181, 202, 239, 243, 254–255, 274–276; additional protocol (1940), 181, 254, 274, 276
  • Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation between the United States and Italy (1948), 737
  • Treaty of Rapallo between Germany and the Soviet Union (1922), 307n
  • United Nations Charter (1945), 2, 17, 29, 34, 52, 74, 83, 92, 105, 114–116, 122, 145–146, 163, 167–172, 178, 187–190, 193–195, 202, 214–221, 223, 252, 263–265, 279, 281–282, 284, 286, 353, 552, 555, 774, 834
  • Yalta agreement (1945), 52, 265
• Tremelloni, Roberto, 709
• Trieste (see also under United Nations: Security Council):
  • Allied Military Government, 501–503, 505, 507, 514–515, 522–523
  • Anglo-American military forces in, 162, 223, 499–500, 506, 509–510, 524n
  • Anglo-American zone of occupation (Zone A), 498, 508, 510, 512–515, 522
  • Border incidents, 513–514
  • British position, 497, 509n , 510, 514, 519–520, 521n
  • Communist party, 500, 505
  • ECA assistance, 505
  • Elections, 500–503, 505–506
  • French position, 497, 510, 512, 520
  • Governor, proposed appointment of a, 497–499, 505, 518n
  • Italian peace treaty clauses pertaining to, 41, 43, 497–498, 505, 507, 510, 512n , 514–516, 520, 523
  • Italian position, 497–524 passim
  • Permanent statute, 502
  • Problem of, 154, 254
  • Return to Italy, proposed, 497–498, 499n , 502n , 506, 508–510, 512, 520, 523, 524n
  • Soviet position, 497–499, 505–506, 509–510, 518, 520, 523
  • U.S. policy, 497–525
  • Yugoslav military forces in, 500, 510
  • Yugoslav policy, 499n , 506–512, 514–516, 510–520, 522–524
  • Yugoslav zone of occupation (Zone B), 497–498, 506–509, 511–512, 514–521
• Trieste Boundary Commission, 587
• Trinidad, 853
• Tripolitania. see under Italian colonies, etc.
• Truman, Harry S.: Address to Congress, Mar. 17, 1948, 139, 240, 286; atomic bombs, control over use of, 364; British financial crisis, 790, 795; budget message, Jan. 11, 24; double taxation convention with Norway, 713; European Recovery Program, 395, 439, 826; Iceland, U.S. and North Atlantic security interests in, 314n ; inaugural address, Jan. 20, 292, 727; Ireland, double taxation convention with, 703; Italian colonies, [Page 876] disposition of former, 552–554, 571; Italy, U.S. policy toward, 143; meeting of U.S. ambassadors in Europe at Paris, 496; message to Congress regarding economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey, Mar. 12, 1947, 117–118; message of Oct. 29, 1948, 234; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 114–115, 117, 125, 128, 140–142, 151–152, 159, 172n , 174, 177–178, 270–271, 284n , 285–289, 313; Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, proclamation of, 614; Point Four Program, 819; Soviet atomic bomb explosion, 473n ; Soviet Union, U.S. policy toward, 716; Spain, U.S. policy toward, 731, 735n , 740, 750, 753–754; U.S. military assistance program, 16, 61n , 110, 112, 296–299, 303n , 309, 313, 341, 365n , 366, 635, 641–642; Western European Union, 286
• Truman Doctrine. see U.S. economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey.
• Tunisia, 526, 541
• Turkey (see also under NATO , OEEC , and Western European Union): Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560, 563, 574, 606; security of, U.S. declaration regarding, 13, 24, 27, 46, 103, 118–120, 175–178, 209–210, 233, 235–236, 244, 270–271, 359–360, 529; Soviet pressure, 234, 270, 359; U.S. economic and military assistance, 117n , 207, 234, 297–299, 831; U.S. policy, 218, 359–360, 726
• Turner, Robert K., 421
• Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 499, 560
• Undén, Bo Östen, 37
• Unger, Leonard, 328, 504, 506, 583, 758
• Union of South Africa, 560, 608, 724, 809, 814
• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. see Soviet Union.
• United Kingdom (see also British sub-headings under individual subjects and countries):
  • Agreement with United States respecting passport visa fees as applied to Malta, Oct, 81 and Dec. 12, 853–854
  • Anglo-American-Canadian financial talks at London, July 8–10, 408, 410, 789–797, 799–803, 834
  • Anglo-American-Canadian financial talks at Washington, Sept. 7–12, 340, 348–349, 408, 410, 416, 422, 425, 654–656, 662, 664–666, 800–832 passim; joint communiqué, Sept. 12, 833–839
  • Anglo-Argentine trade agreement (1948), 784
  • Canadian loan, 485, 784, 794, 837
  • Continuing consultations regarding financial situation, 838, 845–847
  • Convertibility question, 781–782, 799
  • Devaluation of the British pound, 438, 484–485, 781, 785, 794, 800–802, 808–810, 812–814, 822–823, 825, 839–841, 843–844, 850; Belgian reaction, 842n ; French reaction, 475, 646, 652, 662, 668–669, 841–843, 848–849; Italian reaction, 476, 489, 842n ; U.S. position, 783, 786, 788, 791–792, 795–796, 799, 823–825, 827–828, 847–848
  • Dollar drain, 782, 784, 790–824 passim, 834, 836–838, 846, 847n
  • Exchange rate question, 781–782, 784, 810–811, 813
  • Financial agreement with the United States (1945), questions regarding implementation of, 783, 794–795, 798–799, 828, 837
  • Financial crisis, 483–485, 491–492; U.S. concern regarding, 781–852
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), member of, 420
  • Imperial preferences, 815
  • Import restrictions for dollar area, 794–795, 797–799, 801–802, 810–811, 813, 815, 820, 828, 834, 837
  • Military commitments, possible curtailment of, 806, 830–832, 849–850
  • Nondiscrimination question, 781–782
  • Northwest Atlantic fisheries convention, 614
  • Trade with the United States, 417–418
  • U.S. export control program, 350, 476, 480n , 482
  • U.S. military bases in the, 665
• United Nations:
  • Atomic energy question, 776
  • British policy, 246
  • Danish policy, 620
  • Disarmament question, 776
  • Dispute between Costa Rica and Nicaragua, 219
  • General Assembly: Agenda, 806; interim committee, 608, 613; meetings, 223–224, 331, 537–539, 620, 665n , 806, 841n ; Spanish question (see under Spain: United Nations); Yugoslav candidacy for Security Council seat, 748n
  • Iceland, security of, 314
  • Italian membership, question of. 254
  • NATO relationship. see under NATO .
  • Norwegian policy toward, 92
  • Portuguese attitude toward, 181
  • Security Council: Authority of, 29; Indian membership on, question of, 806; Indonesian question, 163, 166, 178–179, 194–195, 246, 251–252, 267; Italian colonies, question regarding disposition of former, [Page 877] 591; Italian membership in the United Nations, question of, 254; NATO relationship, 85, 115–116, 168–172, 185, 191, 193, 214–220, 264, 282–283; Trieste question, 254, 497–501, 505–507, 510–511, 515, 518–519; veto question, 170–171, 216; Yugoslav membership on, question of, 477–478
  • Soviet policy, 52, 773
  • Special Committee on the Balkans, (UNSCOB), 477
  • Swedish attitude, 773
  • Trusteeship Council, 533–534, 542, 551–552, 579, 591–592, 606, 608, 611–612
  • U.S. policy, 666, 727, 749
• U.S.-Canadian Joint Defense Board, 316–317
• U.S. economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey (Truman Doctrine), 117–118, 207, 234, 297–299, 478, 831
• U.S. export controls for trade with Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, 350–351, 473, 476–477, 480–483, 494, 623, 778
• Upper Volta, 676
• Uranium, U.S. procurement from Belgian Congo of, 617
• Uruguay, 553–554, 560, 846
• Vaes, Robert, 271
• Valentine, Alan, 258
• Van Kleffens, E. N., 28–34, 75–76, 82–84, 87, 126–127, 132–135, 151–153, 158, 160–163, 167, 169–170, 185, 188, 190, 192, 214–215, 220–222, 258, 260, 271 285
• Van Royen, J. Herman. 260, 268–269
• Van Zeeland, Paul, 423–425, 431–432, 436, 440, 442, 452–456, 459, 462, 464–465, 467–468
• Vandenberg, Arthur H., 64, 73–74, 84–86, 108–110, 114, 128n , 141, 298, 530, 746
• Vandenberg Resolution. see under NATO .
• Vanoni, Ezio, 401n
• Venezia Giulia, 518
• Venezuela, 560
• Vernon, Raymond, 803
• Viet-Nam, 495
• Viglianesi, Italo, 708
• Vilfan, Joza, 511n
• Vreede, C., 271
• Vyshinsky, Andrey Yanuaryevich, 477–478
• Wadsworth, George, 118n
• Wainhouse, David W., 589–591
• Wallner, Woodruff, 473
• Wapler, Arnauld, 338, 663–664
• War: Danger of, 36, 53, 71, 228, 238, 252, 292, 302, 635–636, 669, 773, 775; declaration of, 2, 17, 69, 103; state of, 12, 21, 25, 70, 80, 82, 96, 98–100, 104, 198, 253, 357
• Washington, S. Walter, 727–729, 756, 766–767
• Webb, James E.: British financial crisis, 784, 806n , 820–821, 841, 845, 847; European Recovery Program, 397–399, 434, 439; France, economic and political situation in, 661; France, U.S. policy toward, 663, 665–666; Italian colonies, disposition of former, 556–557, 562–564, 593n , 596–602, 606, 609–610; Italian labor movement, U.S. interest in formation of non-Communist, 706; meeting of U.S. ambassadors in Europe at Paris, 474n , 496; North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 48n , 113–115, 301, 324, 337–338; Spanish question, 725–726, 735n , 745, 749–750; U.S. military assistance program, 301, 303n , 304, 351, 639–640, 667–668; Western European Union, 342
• Wedemeyer, Lt. Gen. Albert C., 294–295
• West, George L., 306–307
• West Germany. see Federal Republic of Germany and West German sub-headings under Council of Europe, OEEC , and Western European Union.
• Western European Union (see also military assistance program, etc.):
  • Algeria, question regarding inclusion of, 33
  • Belgian position, 40–41, 43, 58, 60, 64, 102, 197, 285, 307, 343–344, 412, 433
  • British position, 41, 44–46, 48, 58–60, 102, 197, 285, 289–291, 306–307, 339–340, 343, 345–350, 361, 371–372, 414–415, 433, 435, 470, 473, 483–485, 487–489, 491–493, 791
  • Brussels Pact, 101–102
  • Chiefs of Staff Committee, U.S. representation on, 9, 107n , 111–113, 247
  • Communist threat, 473, 475
  • Consultative Council of Foreign Ministers. 183, 195, 224–225, 229–233, 245–248, 306–307, 310–311, 346–347, 424, 635n
  • Danish role, 102
  • Defense Ministers, 111, 150, 230
  • Equality of sacrifice problem, 196–197
  • European assembly, proposed, 41, 45–46, 48, 53
  • European conference, proposed, 41, 45
  • Financial and Economic Committee (WUFEC), 54, 58–59, 183–184, 667; U.S. representation, 106–107, 112
  • Finance Ministers, 667
  • Five-power study group on European federation, 40, 42
  • French position, 41–43, 45–46, 48, 53, 58–59, 102, 197, 285, 306–307, 343–345, 433, 483, 492, 526, 664, 667–668
  • Greek participation, question of, 53, 433
  • Irish participation, question of, 102
  • Italian participation, question of, 5, 7–9, 13, 18, 23, 28, 40, 42, 45, 48, 60, 102, 343–344, 349–350, 433, 488–489, 545
  • Luxembourg position, 102, 285, 433
  • Military Committee, 4, 45, 53–54, 64, 87, 120, 147, 230, 263, 322; U.S. representation, 9, 107n , 110
  • Military Committee on Equipment and Armaments, 9
  • Military Supply Board (WUMSB), 15–17, 53–54, 305, 322; U.S. representation, 110–113
  • Netherlands position, 58, 102, 285, 344, 433
  • Norwegian position, 102
  • Participating countries, 41, 45, 112, 230
  • Permanent Commission of the Consultative Council, 9, 41–42, 44–45, 48, 53, 60, 64, 101–102, 132, 139, 152, 154, 156–158, 161–162, 183, 245–246; U.S. representation on, 310–311
  • Portuguese participation, question of, 433
  • Rearmament program, 14–17, 55–58, 106, 111–112, 138, 224, 368–369, 490
  • Scandinavian participation, question of, 42, 45, 48, 60, 433
  • Soviet attitude, 51–52
  • Spanish participation, question of, 350, 433, 748
  • Status of military personnel of participating countries, 681–682
  • Subversive Activities Committee, 53
  • Swedish participation, question of, 60, 102
  • Turkish participation, question of, 53
  • U.S. policy, 9, 20, 48, 250–253, 304, 307, 310–311, 339–340, 343–345, 348–349, 414–415, 429, 434, 469, 473, 478, 496, 664
  • West German participation, question of, 41, 102, 290, 307, 343, 345, 350, 433, 470–471, 473, 483, 486–488, 491–493
• Westphalinger, Col. Henry R., 57–58
• Wiley, John C., 210, 233
• Willoughby, Woodbury, 391n
• Wilson-Smith, Sir Henry, 781–783
• Winspeare, G. V., 509n
• Wood, C. Tyler, 439, 673n , 688n
• Wooldridge, Adm., 225–226, 228
• World Federation of Trade Unions, 669
• Wright, A. L. 271
• Wright, Michael, 554–556, 569n
• Wrong, H. Hume, 30, 32–34, 80, 84–87, 126–127, 133–134, 151, 153–155, 157–162, 167, 169–174, 186–187, 190, 192, 216–217, 220–223, 271, 284, 311–313, 315–317, 832
• Xanthaky, Theodore A., 714–719, 754–756
• Yalta Conference (1945), 265
• Yemen, 560
• Yugoslavia (see also under Trieste):
  • Carinthia, Yugoslav claim to, 508, 512n .
  • Gorizia, Yugoslav claim to, 508, 522–523
  • Greece, policy toward, 512n
  • Italian colonies, disposition of former, 560
  • Italy: Commercial agreement with, 476, 504, 516–518; fisheries convention with, Apr. 13, 503–504, 517; naval agreement with, 504; relations with, 504
  • Soviet Union, break with, 473, 477–479, 494, 499–500, 512n , 522; British attitude, 474; French reaction, 475, 480, 690n ; Italian attitude, 475–476; U.S. policy, 478–479
  • Spain, policy toward, 742
  • United Nations Security Council, candidacy for seat on, 477–478
  • U.S. policy, 498, 509