Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1921, Volume I
800.01 M 31/13
The Ambassador in France (Wallace) to the Secretary of State
[Received March 16.]
Sir: I have the honor to enclose herewith for your confidential information copy of the League of Nations document No. 135 regarding “B” Mandates, …
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I have [etc.]
League of Nations Document No. 135 Regarding “B” Mandates
ANNEX A: [DRAFT OF THE] BRITISH MANDATE FOR EAST AFRICA
(Submitted for approval)
The Council of the League of Nations
Whereas by Article 119 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany signed at Versailles on June 28th, 1919, Germany renounced in favor of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers all her rights, over her oversea possessions, including therein German East Africa; and
Whereas the Principal Allied and Associated Powers agreed that in accordance with Article 22, Part 1 (Covenant of the League of Nations) of the said Treaty a mandate should be conferred upon His Britannic Majesty to administer part of the former colony of German East Africa, and have proposed that the mandate should beformulated in the following terms; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has agreed to accept the Mandate in respect of the said territory and has undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in accordance with the following provisions;
Hereby approves the terms of the Mandate as follows:—
Article 1
The territory over which a mandate is conferred upon His Britannic Majesty (hereinafter called the Mandatory) comprises that part of the territory of the former colony of German East Africa situated to the east of the following line:—
From the point where the frontier between the Uganda Protectorate and German East Africa cuts the River Mavumba a straight line in a south-easterly direction to point 1640, about 15 kilometres south-south-west of Mount Gabiro;
[Page 122]Thence a straight line in a southerly direction to the north shore of Lake Mohazi, where it terminates at the confluence of a river situated about 2½ kilometres west of the confluence of the River Msilala;
If the trace of the railway on the west of the River Kagera between Bugufi and Uganda approaches within 16 kilometres of the line defined above, the boundary will be carried to the West, following a minimum distance of 16 kilometres from the trace, without, however, passing to the West of the straight line joining the terminal point on Lake Mohazi and the top of Mount Kivisa (point 5100), situated on the Uganda–German East African frontier about 5 kilometres south-west of the point where the River Mavumba cuts this frontier;
Thence a line south-eastwards to meet the southern shore of Lake Mohazi;
Thence the watershed between the Taruka and the Mkarange and continuing southwards to the north-eastern end of Lake Mugesera;
Thence the median line of this Lake and continuing southwards across Lake Sake to meet the Kagera;
Thence the course of the Kagera downstream to meet the western boundary of Bugufi;
Thence this boundary to its junction with the eastern boundary of Urundi;
Thence the eastern and southern boundary of Urundi to Lake Tanganyika.
The line described is shown on the attached British 1:1,000,000 map, G.S.G.S. 2932, Sheet Ruanda and Urundi.15a
Article 2
Boundary Commissioners shall be appointed by His Britannic Majesty and His Majesty the King of the Belgians to trace on the spot the line described in Article 1 above.
In case any dispute should arise in connection with the work of these Commissioners, the question shall be referred to the Council of the League of Nations, whose decision shall be final.
The final report by the Commissioners shall give the definite description of this boundary as it has been actually demarcated on the ground; the necessary maps shall be annexed thereto and signed by the Commissioners. The report, with its annexes, shall be made in triplicate; one copy shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations, one shall be kept by the Government of His Majesty the King of the Belgians, and one by the Government of His Britannic Majesty.
[Page 123]Article 3
The Mandatory shall be responsible for the peace, order and good government of the territory, and shall undertake to promote to the utmost the material and moral well-being and the social progress of its inhabitants. The Mandatory shall have full powers of legislation and administration.
Article 4
The Mandatory shall not establish any military or naval bases, nor erect any fortifications, nor organise any native military force in the territory except for local police purposes and for the defence of the territory.
Article 5
The Mandatory
- (i)
- Shall provide for the eventual emancipation of all slaves, and for as speedy an elimination of domestic and other slavery as social conditions will allow;
- (ii)
- Shall suppress all forms of slave trade;
- (iii)
- Shall prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labour, except for essential public works and services, and then only in return for adequate remuneration;
- (iv)
- Shall protect the natives from abuse and measures of fraud and force by the careful supervision of labour contracts and the recruiting of labour;
- (v)
- Shall exercise a strict control over the traffic in arms and ammunition and the sale of spirituous liquors.
Article 6
The Mandatory shall in the framing of laws relating to the holding or transference of land take into consideration native laws and customs, and shall respect the rights and safeguard the interests of the native population.
No native land may be transferred, except between natives, without the previous consent of the public authorities, and no real rights over native land in favour of non-native[s] may be created except with the same consent.
The Mandatory will promulgate strict regulations against usury.
Article 7
The Mandatory shall secure to all nationals of States Members of the League of Nations the same rights as are enjoyed in the territory by his own nationals in respect to entry into and residence in [Page 124] the territory, the protection afforded to their person and property, the acquisition of property, movable and immovable, and the exercise of their profession or trade, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Further, the Mandatory shall ensure to all nationals of States Members of the League of Nations, on the same footing as to his own nationals, freedom of transit and navigation, and complete economic, commercial and industrial equality; provided that the Mandatory shall be free to organise essential public works and services on such terms and conditions as he thinks just.
Concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory shall be granted by the Mandatory without distinction on grounds of nationality between the nationals of all States Members of the League of Nations, but on such conditions as will maintain intact the authority of the local government.
The rights conferred by this Article extend equally to companies and associations organised in accordance with the law of any of the Members of the League of Nations, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Article 8
The Mandatory shall ensure complete freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship, which are consonant with public order and morality.
Missionaries of all such religions shall be free to enter the territory, and to travel and reside therein, to acquire and possess property, to erect religious buildings, and to open schools throughout the territory.
The Mandatory shall, however, have the right to exercise such control as may be necessary for the maintenance of public order and good government, and to take all measures required for such control.
Article 9
The Mandatory shall apply to the territory any general international conventions already existing, or which may be concluded hereafter with the approval of the League of Nations respecting the slave trade, the traffic in arms and ammunition, the liquor traffic, and the traffic in drugs, or relating to commercial equality, freedom of transit and navigation, aerial navigation, railways, postal, telegraphic, and wireless communication, and industrial literary and artistic property. The Mandatory shall co-operate in the execution of any common policy adopted by the League of Nations for preventing and combating disease, including diseases of plants and animals.
[Page 125]Article 10
The Mandatory shall be authorised to constitute the territory into a customs, fiscal and administrative union or federation with the adjacent territories under his own sovereignty or control; provided always that the measures adopted to that end do not infringe the provisions of this mandate.
Article 11
The Mandatory shall make to the Council of the League of Nations an annual report to the satisfaction of the Council, containing full information concerning the measures taken to apply the provisions of this mandate.
A copy of all laws and regulations made in the course of the year and affecting property, commerce, navigation or the moral and material well-being of the natives shall be annexed to this report.
Article 12
The consent of the Council of the League of Nations is required for any modification of the terms of this mandate provided that in the case of any modification proposed by the Mandatory such consent may be given by a majority.
Article 13
If any dispute whatever should arise between the Members of the League of Nations relating to the interpretation or application of the present mandate, which cannot be settled by negotiations, this dispute shall be submitted to the Permanent Court of International Justice provided for by Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
States, Members of the League of Nations, may likewise bring any claims on behalf of their nationals for infractions of their rights under this mandate before the said Court for decision.
The present copy shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations. Certified copies shall be forwarded by the Secretary-General of the League of Nations to all Powers Signatories of the Treaty of Peace with Germany.
Made at the day of
ANNEX B: DRAFT OF THE BRITISH MANDATE FOR PART OF TOGOLAND
(Submitted for approval)
The Council of the League of Nations.
Whereas by Article 119 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany signed at Versailles on June 28, 1919, Germany renounced in favour [Page 126] of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers all her rights over her oversea possessions, including therein Togoland; and
Whereas the Principal Allied and Associated Powers agreed that the Governments of France and Great Britain should make a joint recommendation to the League of Nations as to the future of the said territory; and
Whereas the Governments of France and Great Britain have made a joint recommendation to the Council of the League of Nations that a mandate to administer in accordance with Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations that part of Togoland lying to the west of the line agreed upon in the Declaration of July 10, 1919 referred to in Article 1 should be conferred upon His Britannic Majesty; and
Whereas by the terms of the said joint recommendation the Governments of France and Great Britain have proposed that the Mandate shall be formulated in the following terms; and
Whereas His Britannic Majesty has agreed to accept the Mandate in respect of the said territory and has undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations in accordance with the following provisions:
Hereby approves the terms of the said Mandate as follows:—
Article 1
The territory over which a mandate is conferred upon his Britannic Majesty comprises that part of the former colony of Togoland which lies to the west of the line laid down in the Declaration, signed on July 10, 1919, of which a copy is annexed hereto.16
The delimitation on the spot of this line shall be carried out in accordance with the provision of the said Declaration.
The final report of the Mixed Commission shall give the exact description of the boundary line as traced on the spot[;] maps signed by the Commissioners shall be annexed to the Report. This Report with its annexes shall be drawn up in triplicate, one of these shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations, one shall be kept by His Britannic Majesty’s Government and one by the Government of the French Republic.
Article 2
The Mandatory shall be responsible for the peace, order and good government of the territory, and for the promotion to the utmost of the material and moral well-being and the social progress of its inhabitants.
[Page 127]Article 3
The Mandatory shall not establish in the territory any military or naval bases, nor erect any fortifications nor organise any native military force, except for local police purposes and for the defence of the territory.
Article 4
The Mandatory:—
- (i)
- Will provide for the eventual emancipation of all slaves and for as speedy an elimination of domestic and other slavery as social conditions will allow;
- (ii)
- Will suppress all forms of slave trade;
- (iii)
- will prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labour, except for essential public works and services, and then only in return for adequate remuneration;
- (iv)
- will protect the natives from abuse and measures of fraud and force by the careful supervision of labour contracts and the recruiting of labour;
- (v)
- will exercise a strict control over the traffic in arms and ammunition and the [sale] of spirituous liquors.
Article 5
In the framing of laws relating to the holding or transference of land the Mandatory will take into consideration native laws and customs, and will respect the rights and safeguard the interests of the native population.
No native land may be transferred, except between natives, without the previous consent of the public authorities, and no real rights over native land in favour of non-natives may be created except with the same consent.
The Mandatory will promulgate strict regulations against usury.
Article 6
The Mandatory will secure to all nationals of States Members of the League of Nations the same rights as are enjoyed in the territory by his own nationals in respect to entry into and residence in the territory, the protection afforded to their person and property, and acquisition of property, movable and immovable, and the exercise of their profession or trade, subject only to the requirements of public order and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Further, the Mandatory will ensure to all nationals of States, Members of the League of Nations, on the same footing as to his own nationals, freedom of transit and navigation, and complete economic, commercial and industrial equality, provided that the [Page 128] Mandatory shall be free to organise essential public works and services on such terms and conditions as he thinks just.
Concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory shall be granted by the Mandatory without distinction on grounds of nationality between the nationals of all States, Members of the League of Nations, but on such conditions as will maintain intact the authority of the local government.
The rights conferred by this article extend equally to companies and associations organised in accordance with the law of any of the Members of the League of Nations, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local, law.
Article 7
Subject to the provisions of any local law for the maintenance of public order and public morals, the Mandatory shall ensure in the territory freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship, and shall allow all missionaries, nationals of any State, Member of the League of Nations, to enter into, travel and reside in the territory for the purpose of prosecuting their calling.
Article 8
The Mandatory shall apply to the territory any general international conventions applicable to his contiguous territory.
Article 9
The Mandatory shall have full powers of administration and legislation in the area subject to the Mandate. This area shall be administered in accordance with the laws of the Mandatory as an integral part of his territory and subject to the following provisions.
The Mandatory shall therefore be at liberty to apply his laws to the territory subject to the mandate with such modifications as may be required by local conditions, and to constitute the territory into a customs, fiscal or administrative union or federation with the adjacent possessions under his sovereignty or control.
Article 10
The Mandatory shall make to the Council of the League of Nations an annual report to the satisfaction of the Council, containing full information concerning the measures taken to apply the provisions of the present mandate.
[Page 129]Article 11
The consent of the Council of the League of Nations is required for any modifications of the terms of the present mandate, provided that in the case of any modification proposed by the Mandatory such consent may be given by a majority of the Council.
Article 12
If any dispute whatever should arise between the Members of the League of Nations relating to the interpretation or application of this mandate which cannot be settled by negotiation, this dispute shall be submitted to the Permanent Court of International Justice provided for by Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
The present copy shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations. Certified copies shall be forwarded by the Secretary-General of the League of Nations to all Members of the League.
ANNEX C: DRAFT OF THE BRITISH MANDATE FOR PART OF THE CAMEROONS
(Submitted for approval)
[Text the same, mutatis mutandis, as that of the draft British mandate for part of Togoland, printed in annex B, supra.]
ANNEX D: DRAFT OF THE FRENCH MANDATE FOR PART OF TOGOLAND
(Submitted for approval)
The Council of the League of Nations:
Whereas by Article 119 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany signed at Versailles on June 28, 1919, Germany renounced in favour of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers all her rights over her oversea possessions, including therein Togoland, and
Whereas the Principal Allied and Associated Powers agreed that the Governments of France and Great Britain should make a joint recommendation to the League of Nations as to the future of the said territory; and
Whereas the Governments of France and Great Britain have made a joint recommendation to the Council of the League of Nations that a mandate to administer in accordance with Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations that part of Togoland lying to the east of the line agreed upon in the Declaration of July 10, 1919, of which mention is made in Article 1 below, should be conferred upon the French Republic; and
[Page 130]Whereas by the terms of the said joint recommendation the Governments of France and Great Britain have proposed that the Mandate should be formulated in the following terms; and
Whereas the French Republic has agreed to accept the Mandate in respect of the said territory and has undertaken to exercise it on behalf of the League of Nations;
Hereby approves the terms of the said Mandate as follows:—
Article 1
The territory over which a mandate is conferred upon France comprises that part of the former colony of Togoland which lies to the east of the line laid down in the Franco-British Declaration, signed on July 10, 1919, of which a copy is annexed hereto.17
The delimitation on the spot of this line shall be carried out in accordance with the provision of the said Declaration.
The final report of the Mixed Commission shall give the exact description of the boundary line as traced on the spot; maps signed by the Commissioners shall be annexed to the Report. This Report with its annexes shall be drawn up in triplicate, one of which shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations, one shall be kept by the Government of the Republic and one by His Majesty’s Britannic Government.
Article 2
The Mandatory shall be responsible for the peace, order and good government of the territory, and for the promotion to utmost of the material and moral well-being and the social progress of its inhabitants.
Article 3
The Mandatory shall not establish in the territory any military or naval bases, nor erect any fortifications, nor organise any native military force except for local police purposes and for the defence of the territory.
It is understood, however, that the troops thus raised may, in the event of general war, be utilised to repulse an attack for the defence of the territory outside that over which the mandate is administered.
Article 4
The Mandatory:—
- (I)
- will provide for the eventual emancipation of all slaves and for as speedy an elimination of domestic and other slavery as social conditions will allow;
- (II)
- will suppress all forms of slave trade;
- (III)
- will prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labour, except for essential public works and services, and then only in return for adequate remuneration;
- (IV)
- will protect the natives from abuse and measures of fraud and force by the careful supervision of labour contracts and the recruiting of labour;
- (V)
- will exercise a strict control over the traffic in arms and ammunition and the sale of spirituous liquors.
Article 5
In the framing of laws relating to the holding or transference of land the Mandatory will take into consideration native laws and customs, and will respect the rights and safeguard the interests of the native population.
No native land may be transferred, except between natives, without the previous consent of the public authorities, and no real rights over native land in favor of non-natives may be created except with the same consent.
The Mandatory will promulgate strict regulations against usury.
Article 6
The Mandatory will secure to all nationals of States, Members of the League of Nations, the same rights as are enjoyed in the territory by his own nationals in respect to entry into and residence in the territory, the protection afforded to their person and property, and acquisition of property, movable and immovable, and the exercise of their profession or trade, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Further, the Mandatory will ensure to all nationals of States, Members of the League of Nations, on the same footing as to his own nationals, freedom of transit and navigation, and complete economic, commercial and industrial equality; provided that the Mandatory shall be free to organise essential public works and services on such terms and conditions as he thinks just.
Concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory shall be granted by the Mandatory without distinction on grounds of nationality between the nationals of all States, Members of the League of Nations, but on such conditions as will maintain intact the authority of the local government.
The rights conferred by this Article extend equally to companies and associations organised in accordance with the law of any of the Members of the League of Nations, subject only to requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
[Page 132]Article 7
Subject to the provisions of any local law for the maintenance of public order and public morals, the Mandatory shall ensure in the territory freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship, and shall allow all missionaries, nationals of any State Member of the League of Nations, to enter into, travel and reside in the territory for the purpose of prosecuting their calling.
Article 8
The Mandatory shall apply to the territory any general international conventions applicable to his contiguous territory.
Article 9
The Mandatory shall have full powers of administration and legislation in the area subject to the Mandate. This area shall be administered in accordance with the laws of the Mandatory as an integral part of his territory and subject to the following provisions.
The Mandatory shall therefore be at liberty to apply his laws to the territory under the mandate subject to the modifications required by local conditions, and to constitute the territory into a customs, fiscal or administrative union or federation with the adjacent possessions under his sovereignty or control.
Article 10
The Mandatory shall make an annual report to the Council of the League of Nations. This report shall contain full information concerning the measures taken to apply the provisions of the preceding articles.
Article 11
The consent of the Council of the League of Nations is required for any modification of the terms of the present mandate, provided that in the case of any modification proposed by the Mandatory such consent may be given by a majority of the Council.
Article 12
If any dispute whatever should arise between the Members of the League of Nations relating to the interpretation or application of this mandate which cannot be settled by negotiations this dispute shall be submitted to the Permanent Court of International Justice provided for by Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
The present copy shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations. Certified copies shall be forwarded by the Secretary General of the League of Nations to all Members of the League.
[Page 133]ANNEX E: DRAFT OF THE FRENCH MANDATES FOR PART OF THE CAMEROONS
(Submitted for approval)
[Text the same, mutatis mutandis, as that of the draft French mandate for part of Togoland, printed in annex D, supra.]
ANNEX F: [DRAFT OF THE BELGIAN MANDATE FOR EAST AFRICA]
Article I
The territory for which a mandate is conferred in [on] His Majesty the King of the Belgians (hereafter called the Mandatory Power) comprises that part of the territory of German East Africa situated to the west of the following line:—
From the point where the frontier between the Protectorate of Uganda and German East Africa crosses the River Mavumba in a south-easterly direction, a straight line extending (ending?) to the coast [hill?] (1640), about 15 kilometres to the S.S.W. of Mont Gabiro.
From there, a straight line in a southerly direction extending to the north bank of Lake Mohasi, where it forms a confluence with a river situated at a distance of about 2K.5, to the west of the confluence of the River Msilala.
If the railway line to the west of the River Kagera between Bugufi and Uganda approached the line defined above at less than 16 kilometres, the frontier would be moved back towards the west following a line at a distance of at least 16 kilometres from the line, always without extending beyond the line to the west joining the point at the end of Lake Mohasi to the summit of Mont Kivisa (2100) situated on the Uganda–German East Africa frontier at a distance of about 5 kilometres to the south-west of the point where the River Mavumba crosses this frontier.
From there, a line drawn in a south-easterly direction to the south bank of Lake Mohasi.
From there, a line separating the waters of the Rivers Taruka and Mkarange, extending towards the south as far as the northeasterly point of Lake Mugesera.
The dividing [median] line of Lake Mugesera extended towards the south across Lake Saake to the Kagera.
From there, the course of the Kagera defines it as far as the western boundary limit of the Bugufi.
From there, this limit (Boundary) as far as the point where it touches the eastern limit (boundary) of the Urundi.
From there, the eastern and southern limit (Boundary) of the Urundi as far as Lake Tanganyika.
[Page 134]The new Anglo-Belgian frontier, as above outlined, is indicated on the English map attached hereto, scale 1/1,000,000 G.S.G.S. 2932.18
Article II
The Mandatory shall be responsible for the peace, order and good government of the territory, and for the promotion to the utmost of the material and moral well-being and the social progress of its inhabitants.
Article III
The Mandatory shall not establish in the territory any military or naval bases, nor erect any fortifications, nor organise any native military force except for local police purposes and for the defence of the territory.
Article IV
The Mandatory
- (i)
- will provide for the eventual emancipation of all slaves and for as speedy an elimination of domestic and other slavery as social conditions will allow;
- (ii)
- will suppress all forms of slave trade;
- (iii)
- will prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labour, except for essential public works and services, and then only in return for adequate remuneration;
- (iv)
- will protect the natives from abuse and measures of fraud and force by the careful supervision of labour contracts and the recruiting of labour;
- (v)
- will exercise a strict control over the traffic in arms and ammunition and the sale of spirituous liquors.
Article V
In the framing of laws relating to the holding or transference of land the Mandatory will take into consideration native laws and customs, and will respect the rights and safeguard the interests of the native population.
No native land may be transferred, except between natives, without the previous consent of the public authorities, and no real rights over native land may be created except with the same consent.
The Mandatory will promulgate strict regulations against usury.
Article VI
The Mandatory will secure to all nationals of States, Members of the League of Nations the same rights as are enjoyed in the territory by his own nationals in respect to entry into and residence in the [Page 135] territory, the protection afforded to their person and property, and acquisition of property, movable and immovable, and the exercise of their profession or trade, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Further, the Mandatory will ensure to all nationals of States, Members of the League of Nations, on the same footing as to his own nationals, freedom of transit and navigation, and complete economic, commercial and industrial equality; provided that the Mandatory shall be free to organise essential public works and services on such terms and conditions as he thinks just.
Concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory shall be granted by the Mandatory without distinction on grounds of nationality between the nationals of all States, Members, of the League of Nations, but on such conditions as will maintain, intact the authority of the local government.
The rights conferred by this Article extend equally to companies and associations organised in accordance with the law of any of the Members of the League of Nations, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.
Article VII
Subject to the provisions of any local law for the maintenance of public order and public morals, the Mandatory shall ensure in the territory freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship and shall allow all missionaries, nationals of any State Member of the League of Nations, to enter into, travel and reside in the territory for the purpose of prosecuting their calling.
Article VIII
The Mandatory shall apply to the territories any general inter-, national conventions applicable to their contiguous territories.
Article IX
The Mandatory shall have full powers of administration and legislation in the area subject to the Mandate. This area shall be administered in accordance with the laws of the Mandatory as an integral part of his territory and subject to the following provisions.
The Mandatory shall therefore be at liberty to apply his laws to the territory under the mandate subject to the modifications required by local conditions, and to constitute the territory into a customs, fiscal or administrative union or federation with the adjacent possessions under his sovereignty or control.
[Page 136]Article X
The Mandatory shall make to the Council of the League of Nations an annual report to the satisfaction of the Council, containing full information concerning the measures taken to apply the provisions of the present mandate.
Article XI
The consent of the Council of the League of Nations is required for any modification of the terms of the present mandate, provided that in the case of any modification proposed by the Mandatory such consent may be given by a majority of the Council.
Article XII
If any dispute whatever should arise between the Members of the League of Nations relating to the interpretation or application of this mandate which cannot be settled by negotiations, this dispute shall be submitted to the Permanent Court of International Justice provided for by Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
The Present copy shall be deposited in the Archives of the League of Nations. Certified copies shall be forwarded by the Secretary-General of the League of Nations to all Members of the League.
ANNEX G: JOINT RECOMMENDATION OF THE BRITISH AND FRENCH GOVERNMENTS AS TO THE FUTURE OF THE FORMER COLONIES OF TOGO AND THE CAMEROONS
By the terms of the decision of the Supreme Allied Council on May 7th, 1919, France and Great Britain were charged with the duty of coming to an agreement upon the future of Togo and the Cameroons, which they would recommend the League of Nations to adopt.
With this end in view they fixed, first of all, the limits of the areas to be brought within their respective spheres; this preliminary measure was the subject of the declarations signed in London on July 10, 1919,19 copies of which are attached.
The two Governments have also devoted themselves to the question of the political and administrative system to be applied in Togo and the Cameroons. The decision of the Supreme Council stated specifically that all the territories comprised in the former German Colonies other than Togo and the Cameroons, should be the subject of mandates. The conclusion might, therefore, be drawn that Togo and the Cameroons were not to be subjected to this regime. [Page 137] On the other hand Article 22 of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919, appeared to apply the mandate system to all the German possessions outside Europe.
In view of this stipulation the two Governments animated with the desire to arrive at a mutual understanding, have come to the conclusion that the plan which they ought to recommend to the League of Nations is that the territories of Togo and the Cameroons should be placed under a mandate, but that the terms of the mandate should take into account, firstly the interests of the natives, up till now artificially separated from the areas occupied by people of the same race, and, secondly, the peculiar features of the areas to which the mandates will apply, particularly the administrative difficulties which would be created by any attempt to constitute these areas into separate and distinct political units.
The Government of the French Republic, and the Government of His Britannic Majesty have, therefore, and in accordance with the spirit of Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations prepared the four accompanying drafts, two of which apply to the Cameroons and two to Togoland.20
They venture to hope that when the Council has taken note of them it will consider that the drafts have been prepared in conformity with the principle laid down in the said Article 22, and will approve them accordingly.