Part I: The Continuation and Conclusion of the War—Participation of the United States
Contents
- The Conduct of the War—Discussions of Peace and Conclusion of the
Armistices (Documents 1–420)
- Speeches on war aims by the British Prime Minister, January 5, and by
President Wilson (the Fourteen
Points), January 8; comment in Associated and enemy countries—Speech of
the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, January 13—Unofficial
Austro-German advances regarding peace to the American Professor
Herron
(Documents 1–24)
- Speeches of the German Chancellor (Hertling) and the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign
Affairs (Czernin), January
24 (Documents 25–42)
- Third session of the Supreme War Council, January 30–February 2:
discussion of the use of American troops—Public statement of the Allied
Premiers denouncing the enemy peace program—Objection by the United
States to collective pronouncements by the Supreme War
Council—Unofficial conversations on peace between Professor
Herron and a Bulgarian emissary (Documents 43–55)
- The Herron-Lammasch conversations, February 3–4 (Documents 56–58)
- President Wilson’s speech in
reply to Hertling and Czernin, February 11; comment in
Associated and enemy countries—Assurances transmitted to Lammasch, February 15—Letter of Emperor
Charles to President Wilson, February 17 (Documents 59–83)
- Chancellor Hertling’s speech,
February 25—British attitude toward German and Austrian advances
regarding peace—Support by the United States of proposals for an
Inter-Allied General Reserve—Italian request for American troops (Documents 84–102)
- Memorandum of the Inter-Allied Labor and Socialist Conference on War
Aims, February 23 (received March 18)—Proposals for a discussion between
Socialist and Labor Parties of the Allied and Central Powers and for an
Allied Socialist mission to the United States; attitude of the American
Government—Allied reverses in France: American assurances of
reenforcements—Communications exchanged between President Wilson and Emperor
Charles—The American Labor Mission to
Europe (Documents 103–131)
- Speech of the Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs (Czernin), April 2—Request of the
Greek Government for guarantees (Documents 132–138)
- President Wilson’s speech of
April 6; comment in Associated and enemy countries—Assurances to Greece,
April 19 (Documents 139–154)
- Fifth session of the Supreme War Council, May 1–2: discussion of the
use of American troops—Consideration of the advisability of declaring a
state of war with Turkey and Bulgaria—President Wilson’s speech of May 18 (Documents 155–177)
- Sixth session of the Supreme War Council, June 1–3: the question of
unity of naval command in the Mediterranean—Appeal of the Allied
Premiers for more American troops—Fresh reverses in France-Assurances to
France and promise of American troops to Italy—“Peace offensive” in the
German press—Speeches of Kühlmann
and Hertling, June 24 and
25—Change of government in Bulgaria: unofficial advances regarding
peace (Documents 178–205)
- President Wilson’s speech of
July 4—Seventh session of the Supreme War Council, July 2–4–The
Herron-De Fiori
conversations (Documents 206–216)
- Chancellor Hertling’s
speeches of July 11 and 12: statements of policy regarding
Belgium—Unofficial German advances toward Belgium regarding peace;
unfavorable judgment of these by the American Government (Documents 217–246)
- Austro-Hungarian peace note, September 16; American reply, September
17—Hertling’s speech,
September 24 (Documents 247–256)
- President Wilson’s speech of
September 27—The Bulgarian armistice, September 29—Declaration of the
United States against a separate peace with Bulgaria, October
2—Replacement of Chancellor Hertling by Prince Max of
Baden
(Documents 257–278)
- German note requesting an armistice and peace negotiations on the
basis of the President’s addresses, presented October 6—Speech of the
German Chancellor, October 5—Austro-Hungarian note, presented October
7—Informal Turkish proposals to the Allies, October 6–9—American reply
to the German request, October 8—Joint note of the Allied Premiers to
President Wilson, October 9 (Documents 279–302)
- Second German note, October 12; American reply, October 14, calling
for the destruction of arbitrary power in Germany—Turkish note
requesting an armistice and peace negotiations, presented October
14—Dispatch of Colonel House as
American representative in the armistice negotiations at
Paris—Proclamation of the federalization of Austria, October 16 (Documents 303–313)
- American reply to the Austro-Hungarian peace note, October 19,
repudiating autonomy of subject peoples as a basis of peace—German note
of October 20 conveying assurances of popular control of the
Government (Documents 314–326)
- American note to Germany, October 23—Submission of the correspondence
with Germany to the Associated Governments—Speech of the German
Chancellor, October 22—German note of October 27—Austro-Hungarian note,
transmitted October 29, offering to negotiate separately (Documents 327–339)
- Participation of Colonel House
in the armistice negotiations at Paris—Interpretation of the Fourteen
Points—British reservation concerning “freedom of the seas”—American
note to Turkey, October 31—Austro-Hungarian note, received October
31 (Documents 340–359)
- Discussion of the armistice terms—The armistice with Turkey, signed
October 30—Disintegration of Austria-Hungary—The armistice with
Austria-Hungary, signed November 3 (Documents 360–373)
- Discussion of President Wilson’s
principles of peace—Note of the Soviet Government, received November 3,
regarding participation in the peace
negotiations—Reports of constitutional changes in Germany—Memorandum of
the Allied Governments on the bases of peace, November 4—Agreement on
the terms of the armistice for Germany (Documents 374–384)
- American note to Germany, November 5, transmitting the Allied
memorandum and referring further communications to Marshal Foch—Appeal of President Wilson to the peoples of Austria-Hungary
for moderation—Further inquiry of the Soviet Government regarding
negotiations—False report of the signature of the armistice (Documents 385–400)
- The armistice negotiations with the Germans—Revolution in Germany and
abdication of the Kaiser—Refusal of the American Government to negotiate
with the Soviet Government—The armistice with Germany, signed November
11 (Documents 401–420)
- Speeches on war aims by the British Prime Minister, January 5, and by
President Wilson (the Fourteen
Points), January 8; comment in Associated and enemy countries—Speech of
the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, January 13—Unofficial
Austro-German advances regarding peace to the American Professor
Herron
(Documents 1–24)
- Cooperation of the United States with the Allied Powers in the
Administration of Shipping: the Allied Maritime Transport Council (Documents 421–452)
- Representation of the United States on the Allied Maritime Transport
Council—First and second meetings of the Council, March 11–14, April
23–25—Resolution recommending the establishment of program committees,
April 25—Discussion of the utilization of German ships chartered by
France from Brazil—Application of the agreement for equal division of
chartered neutral tonnage between Great Britain and the United
States—French representations against this agreement—Proposed
reapportionment under an Allied Chartering Committee: refusal of the
United States to enter into the proposed arrangement (Documents 421–440)
- Third meeting of the Allied Maritime Transport Council, August 29–30:
difficulties presented by the programs for transportation of American
troops and of food—Request of the Allied Governments for the submission
of American import programs to general scrutiny—Fourth meeting of the
Allied Maritime Transport Council, September 30–October 2—Commitment of
the United States by the Secretary of War to the submission of its
import programs—Allocation of additional shipping for American army
transport at the expense of European imports (Documents 441–452)
- Representation of the United States on the Allied Maritime Transport
Council—First and second meetings of the Council, March 11–14, April
23–25—Resolution recommending the establishment of program committees,
April 25—Discussion of the utilization of German ships chartered by
France from Brazil—Application of the agreement for equal division of
chartered neutral tonnage between Great Britain and the United
States—French representations against this agreement—Proposed
reapportionment under an Allied Chartering Committee: refusal of the
United States to enter into the proposed arrangement (Documents 421–440)
- Cooperation of the United States with the Allied Powers in the Supply and
Distribution of Food: the Food Council (Documents 453–481)
- American measures to meet the Allies’ need of wheat—Efforts of the
Food Administration to secure acceptance by the Allies of increased
shipments of pork products (Documents 453–472)
- Mission of the Food Administrator to Europe—Conference of Food
Controllers at London: resolution of July 29, providing for an
Inter-Allied Food Council, committee of representatives, executives, and
program committees (Documents 473–481)
- American measures to meet the Allies’ need of wheat—Efforts of the
Food Administration to secure acceptance by the Allies of increased
shipments of pork products (Documents 453–472)
- Cooperation of the United States with the Allied Powers in the
Distribution of Industrial Raw Materials and Products: the Munitions
Council, the Executives and Program Committees (Documents 482–537)
- British-American tank agreement, January 22—Participation of the
United States in the Inter-Allied Metals Conference—Consideration of the
formation of a Munitions Council—Plans for a system of program
committees; recommendations that the United States be represented on
them—American proposal for a Tin Executive (Documents 482–503)
- Formation of the Inter-Allied Munitions Council, June 4—Discussion of
American representation on the Munitions Council and the program
committees—American efforts to conduct the negotiations in the United
States (Documents 504–514)
- American memorandum on coordination of programs, July 12—Appointment
of an American representative on the Munitions Council—Mission of the
War Industries Board to Europe—American participation in the meeting of
the Munitions Council, August 14—Formation of the Tin Executive—Requests
for the submission of American programs to the committees (Documents 515–531)
- Engagement to disclose American programs, made by the Secretary of
War, October 2—Discussion of post-war economic cooperation; refusal of
the American Government to commit itself (Documents 532–537)
- British-American tank agreement, January 22—Participation of the
United States in the Inter-Allied Metals Conference—Consideration of the
formation of a Munitions Council—Plans for a system of program
committees; recommendations that the United States be represented on
them—American proposal for a Tin Executive (Documents 482–503)
- Cooperation of the United States with the Allied Powers in the
Distribution of Oil and Oil-Well Equipment (Documents 538–545)
- The Far East in Relation to the War
(Documents 546–603)
- Discussion of the transportation of Chinese troops to
Europe—Negotiations regarding the purchase of ships from Japanese
builders and the export of steel to Japan—Negotiations for the
chartering of Japanese ships—Arrangements regarding the deportation to
Australia of German subjects in China—Assurances to China regarding
treatment at the peace conference (Documents 546–570)
- Purchase by the United States Shipping Board of 12 Japanese
ships—Abandonment of the project of sending Chinese troops to
Europe—Charter by the United States Shipping Board of 23 Japanese
ships—Conclusion of contracts for the construction of 35 ships in
Japan—Abandonment of the project of deporting German subjects to
Australia—Discussion with the Allied Governments regarding the
chartering of additional Japanese tonnage (Documents 571–603)
- Discussion of the transportation of Chinese troops to
Europe—Negotiations regarding the purchase of ships from Japanese
builders and the export of steel to Japan—Negotiations for the
chartering of Japanese ships—Arrangements regarding the deportation to
Australia of German subjects in China—Assurances to China regarding
treatment at the peace conference (Documents 546–570)
- Latin America in Relation to the War
(Documents 604–713)
- Arrangements for the cooperation of Brazilian naval forces with those
of the United States at Gibraltar—Abandonment of the Argentine plan for
a congress of neutral states—Project of an economic agreement between
Argentina and the Allied and Associated Powers: attitude of the United
States—Negotiations for the chartering of German ships in Uruguayan and
Peruvian ports (Documents 604–636)
- Declaration of a state of war with Germany by Guatemala, April 21,
Nicaragua, May 8, and Costa Rica, May 23—Conclusion of the contract for
the chartering of German ships in Uruguayan ports, May 24—Renewal of
discussions with Peru regarding German ships—Arrangements for a
conference at Washington on the situation of Brazil—Arrangements for
naval cooperation with Cuba (Documents 637–671)
- Declaration of a state of war with Germany by Haiti, July 12, and by
Honduras, July 19—Adjustment of difficulties with Chile regarding oil
shipments—Discussion of the chartering of German ships in Chilean and
Argentine ports—Revival of the project of an economic agreement with
Argentina—Conclusion of the contract for the chartering of German ships
in Peruvian ports, September 6—The Washington conference regarding
Brazilian affairs: discussion of measures affecting the coffee trade and
of the disposition of German ships remaining in Brazilian ports—Project
for a Cuban expeditionary force to Europe (Documents 672–713)
- Arrangements for the cooperation of Brazilian naval forces with those
of the United States at Gibraltar—Abandonment of the Argentine plan for
a congress of neutral states—Project of an economic agreement between
Argentina and the Allied and Associated Powers: attitude of the United
States—Negotiations for the chartering of German ships in Uruguayan and
Peruvian ports (Documents 604–636)
- Liberia in Relation to the War (Documents 714–736)
- Rumania’s Withdrawal from the War
(Documents 737–782)
- Suggestions for assurances to Rumania regarding her treatment in the
peace settlement—Negotiations between Rumania and the Central
Powers—Efforts of the ministers of the Allied and Associated Powers to
avert a separate peace—Declarations of the American Government to
Rumania, February 21, April 26, and May 3 (Documents 737–767)
- The treaty of peace between Rumania and the Central Powers, May
7—Statement by the Allied and Associated ministers of nonrecognition of
its terms—Rulings of the American Government as to the international
status of Rumania—Declaration by the American Government of sympathy
with Rumanian aspirations for national unity, November 5 (Documents 768–782)
- Suggestions for assurances to Rumania regarding her treatment in the
peace settlement—Negotiations between Rumania and the Central
Powers—Efforts of the ministers of the Allied and Associated Powers to
avert a separate peace—Declarations of the American Government to
Rumania, February 21, April 26, and May 3 (Documents 737–767)
- Establishment of a Montenegrin Legation in the United States (Documents 783–791)
- Relations of the United States with the Czecho-Slovak and Jugo-Slav
National Movements
(Documents 792–868)
- Dissatisfaction of the Serbian Government with the utterances of
Lloyd George and President
Wilson regarding Jugo-Slav
aspirations—Qualified assurances given by the American Government, March
14—The Congress of Oppressed Races of Austria-Hungary at Rome, April
9–11—Military conventions between the Czecho-Slovak National Council and
the French and Italian Governments—Recommendations that the American
Government recognize the Czecho-Slovak and Jugo-Slav national
aims (Documents 792–810)
- Public statement by the Secretary of State, May 29, of the American
Government’s sympathy with the nationalistic aspirations of the
Czecho-Slovaks and Jugo-Slavs—Statement of the Allied Governments, June
6—Dissatisfaction of the Jugo-Slav leaders with these
declarations—Supplementary statements by the Secretary of State, June 24
and 28—French declaration in favor of Czechoslovak independence, June
30—Statement of the Secretary of State on the fourth anniversary of
Austria’s declaration of war against Serbia—The President’s message to
Premier Pashitch, July
30—Recognition by Great Britain of the Czecho-Slovaks as an Allied
nation, August 9 (Documents 811–831)
- Recognition by the United States, September 3, of the Czecho-Slovak
National Council as a de facto belligerent
government—Agreement between the British Government and the
Czecho-Slovak National Council, September 3—Recognition of the Council
by Japan, September 9—Italian declaration in favor of Jugo-Slav
independence, September 26—Announcement of the recruiting of a Slavic
Legion in the United States—Reports on the relations of Italy and Serbia
to the Jugo-Slav nationalist aspirations—The Czecho-Slovak declaration
of independence, October 18 (Documents 832–846)
- Rejection by President Wilson of
autonomy as a solution of the Czecho-Slovak and Jugo-Slav questions,
October 19—Arrangements for a loan to the Czecho-Slovak National
Council—The establishment of national authorities in Czecho-Slovak and
Jugo-Slav territories—Friction between the Jugo-Slavs and
Italians (Documents 847–868)
- Dissatisfaction of the Serbian Government with the utterances of
Lloyd George and President
Wilson regarding Jugo-Slav
aspirations—Qualified assurances given by the American Government, March
14—The Congress of Oppressed Races of Austria-Hungary at Rome, April
9–11—Military conventions between the Czecho-Slovak National Council and
the French and Italian Governments—Recommendations that the American
Government recognize the Czecho-Slovak and Jugo-Slav national
aims (Documents 792–810)
- Relations of the United States with the Polish National Movement:
Recognition of the Polish Army and National Committee as Autonomous and
Cobelligerent (Documents 869–884)
- Relations of the United States with the Armenian National Movement (Documents 885–895)
- Relations of the United States with Persia’s National Aspirations (Documents 896–926)