252. Telegram From the Embassy in Korea to the Department of State0
241. For Assistant Secretary Robertson. Reference: Emb G–99 and G–101.1 Major Assembly struggle over administration attempt amend National Security Law reaching critical point. While some indications compromise may be attempted, this by no means assured as indicated G–99, most objectionable element proposed amendment is provision penalizing “anyone who benefited the enemy by disturbing the people by reporting or spreading false facts or distorted news” (Article 17, para 5). Opposition’s charge that this paragraph is politically motivated is supported by Justice Minister who told Embassy officer on highly confidential basis yesterday it originated with Liberal Party members who had suppression political opposition in mind.
Embassy has discussed question with various Govt and LP leaders in effort show them serious consequences from international point of view of Korean action to curb freedom of press. We have emphasized that one of Korea’s great assets in securing free world support was its democratic development, including free press, and have pointed out that if Govt sincere in argument that purpose of para 5 is to prevent false attacks on political leaders as well as pornographic publications, this could be adequately handled by strengthening libel and obscenity laws.
I have discussed this problem at length with Speaker Yi Ki-bung whom I have usually found to be quite reasonable on matters this sort. Speaker, however, extremely bitter in comments on press and opposition. Despite my efforts persuade him of importance deletion offensive press provisions I am not convinced he willing make effort. Furthermore, I am not sure he can handle situation as he is no longer as fully in control of LP as formerly and is under great pressure from less moderate elements.
In further effort smooth over bitter controversy, I also saw DP leader Cho Pyong-ok this morning and urged DP opposition take more constructive approach to proposed amendment and suggest specific and reasonable changes rather than launch broadside all or nothing attack as is being done.
In view serious nature situation, I would hope you might call in Ambassador Yang and express concern of US over impact on Korean international position of Article 17 para 5 of the proposed amendment [Page 514] and ask him transmit soonest these views to his government. I believe strong representation coming from Department at this time when there appears to some possibility of compromise would be most helpful.
- Source: Department of State, Central Files, 795B.00/12–558. Confidential.↩
- Documents 249 and 251.↩