Index

• Acts of U.S. Congress:
  • Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 (P.L. 480), 52, 654–655, 812
  • Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, 29
  • Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1954, 812
  • Mutual Security Act of 1951, 29
  • Mutual Security Act of 1954, 183, 213–214, 223, 340, 856, 935
  • Mutual Security Act of 1956, 169n
  • National Industrial Reserve Act of 1948, 848–849
  • Sugar Act Extension of 1951, 792
  • Sugar Acts of 1948 and 1956. SeeSugar legislation, U.S., revision of.
  • Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1955, 12, 767
• Adams, Sherman, 730, 779–780, 803–808
• AEC. See Atomic Energy Commission.
• AFL–CIO, 50, 196, 203, 597
• Agriculture Department, U.S. See under Sugar legislation, U.S., revision of.
• Air Force, U.S., 237, 902, 905, 922, 930
• Alemán Valdes, Miguel, 712
• Alkmin, José Maria, 529n, 545–546
• Aluminum Corporation of America (ALCOA), 883, 897
• Alvarez Restrepo, Antonio, 524–525, 545–546
• American Presidents Meeting (Panama, 1956):
  • Eisenhower’s assessment of, 452–453
  • Eisenhower–Batista meeting, 832–835
  • Eisenhower–Magloire meeting, 945–946
  • Hemisphere solidarity declaration, 440–441, 443–444, 452
  • the Meeting, 450–451
  • OAS economic activities review proposal (see also Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives), 444–449, 451
  • Text of, 445–446
  • Pre–conference activities, 440–443, 450
  • Proposal of, 438–439
• Amorós, 664, 679, 691, 734
• Andersen, Herman C., 808
• Anderson, Dillon, 14, 90, 735–736
• Anderson, Robert B., 227
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 511–512, 517–518, 525, 526n, 527, 531–532
• Arab Union Bank, 436
• Aramburu, Maj. Gen. Pedro Eugenio, 241, 284, 355, 532
• Arbenz Guzmán, Jacobo, 212, 623
• Arévalo Bermejo, Juan José, 212, 624
• Arey, Hawthorne, 360–362, 501
• Argentina:
  • Atomic research programs, 7
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 540, 542, 551, 562
  • Communism in, 25, 49–50, 87, 355
  • Economic situation, 10, 21, 31, 33–34, 52, 419–420, 532
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 361, 363, 374
  • Falkland Islands issue, 158
  • Hemisphere defense, 95, 221–222, 254
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Oil field development, 3–4, 174
  • Political situation, 18, 22–23, 30, 195, 203, 284–285
  • Social trends, 20
  • Soviet bloc:
    • Military equipment purchases from, 251
    • Trade with, 29, 34, 89–90, 197
  • United States, agreements with, 11, 173, 229, 273
  • United States, relations with, 56, 355
  • U.S. economic assistance, 3, 137, 208, 430
  • U.S. information programs, 53–54
  • U.S. military assistance, 95, 130, 221–222, 225, 254
    • Equipment sales, 215, 240–241, 248, 274
    • Naval vessel loans, 265, 275–277, 283
  • U.S. technical assistance, 389
  • U.S. trade policies re, 9, 34–35, 51, 165
• Arias Espinosa, Ricardo M., 439, 442, 615
• Armour, Norman, 928–929
• Armstrong, W. Park, Jr., 378, 379
• Armstrong, Willis C., 525n, 557n, 793n
• Arneson, R. Gordon, 844
• Asian Nuclear Research Center, 473
• ATLAS (labor organization), 50
• Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 459–460
• Atomic energy development:
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives recommendation, 459–460, 464–465, 472–473, 476–478, 481, 494–495
  • U.S. promotion of, 171–172, 204, 351
• A.T.&T., 668
• Atwood, Rollin S., 213n, 335–338, 345–346, 402–405, 501–502, 507, 528n
• Austin, Vice Adm. Bernard L., 295, 297n
• Barbados, 157
• Barium Steel Corporation, 897
• Barnes, Robert G., 233, 257n, 269n, 391, 406, 748, 879–880, 918–920
• Barquin, Col. Ramón, 843, 867
• Barreto Martínez, Fidel, 883
• Barringer, J. Paul, 698–699, 949n, 952n, 967
• Batista y Zaldivar, Fulgencio:
  • Constitutional guarantees, suspension of, 868
  • Coup against, possible, 843–844
  • Dominican Republic, attitude toward, 837
  • Eisenhower, meeting with, 832–835
  • Elections, 866, 871
  • Haiti, relations with, 839n
  • Political control, 633–634, 831
  • Press opposition to, 840
  • Prío, U.S. investgation of, 864
  • Telephone rates, 839
  • Trade situation, 834
  • U.S. military assistance, 853–855
  • U.S. restoration of normalcy program, 875–876
  • U.S. technical assistance, 832–835
• Beaulac, Willard L., 527, 529–530, 537–538, 546–552, 556, 844n
• Beckmann, Conrado Carlos, 539
• Belize. See British Honduras.
• Belmont, Alan, 861
• Bencosme, Donato, 903
• Benson, Ezra Taft, 313, 777–781, 791, 804, 807
• Berle, Adolph A., Jr., 609–611
• Bermúdez, Antonio, 675, 682, 691–692, 745
• Bermúdez, Washington P., 537
• Bernbaum, Maurice M., 257n, 339n, 441, 444
• Betancourt, Romulo, 624
• Beynon, Ira, 850n
• Billings, Jack L., 896–898
• Bishop, Max W., 310n, 324n
• Boggs, Hale, 627, 778, 815n
• Bogota Conference, 966
• Bolivar, Simon, 438
• Bolivia:
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 535, 538, 540, 542, 552
  • Communism in, 8, 50–51, 87
  • Economic situation, 4, 10, 22, 29, 35–36, 53, 336, 420
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 374, 331n
  • Friendship, commerce and navigation treaties, 173
  • IBRD loans, 207, 331n
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 23–24, 30, 57, 195
  • Social trends, 20
  • U.S. economic assistance, 35–36 [Page 971]
    • Advisory efforts, 52–53
    • Developmental assistance, 9, 52, 136, 168, 332–333, 348–349, 356–358, 359–360, 389, 395–396
    • P.L. 480 programs, 170, 208, 209
  • U.S. information programs, 53
  • U.S. military assistance, 130, 202–203, 253
  • U.S. political policies, 148
  • U.S. technical assistance, 9, 404
  • U.S. trade policies re, 165
• Bonnelly, Rafael F., 885
• Bourgerie, Elmer H., 749
• Bowie, Robert R., 60, 220
• Braddock, Daniel M., 847, 865n
• Brand, Vance, 882n, 943
• Braun, Horace, 675
• Brazil:
  • Armed forces, 134, 291
  • Atomic research programs, 7
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 528, 536, 541–542, 547, 551, 553
    • General Economic Agreement proposal, 529, 532–534, 539, 541–545
  • Communism in, 8, 25–27, 31, 49–50, 85–86
  • Development planning, 336
  • Economic situation, 10, 12, 21–22, 31, 36–38,53, 420
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 360–361, 363, 372
  • Hemisphere defense, 95, 181–182, 222
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Joint Brazil–United States Military Commission, 101, 128, 288
  • Oil field development, 3–4, 174
  • Political situation, 12, 14–15, 18, 23–24, 30
  • Social trends, 20
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 29, 87–88, 197
  • Trade situation, 37–38
  • United States, military agreements with, 268–269, 291
  • U.S. economic assistance, 3, 37–38, 53, 170, 202, 208, 300–301, 344, 348
  • U.S. information programs, 53–54
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 95, 130, 132, 181–182, 193, 222, 229
    • Equipment sales, 200, 215, 217, 248, 284–285
    • Force increases, 225, 288
    • Internal security programs, 202
    • Naval vessel loans, 234–235, 245, 256, 265, 275–276, 277, 282
  • U.S. military bases in, 189, 199, 204, 229, 255, 263, 274–275, 284
  • U.S. trade policies re, 165–166
• Briggs, Ellis O., 403
• British Guiana, 157, 338
• British Honduras (Belize), 157–159, 642, 763
• Broger, John, 292, 293
• Brown and Roots Company, 946
• Brownell, Herbert, Jr., 858–862, 877–879, 911
• Brundage, Percival F., 313, 469
• Buchanan, Walter C., 700–701, 704–708, 729
• Budget, U.S. Bureau of the, 106, 313, 357, 926
  • Naval vessel loan program, opposition to, 275–283
• Buenos Aires Economic Conference (1957) (see also under specific countries):
  • Agenda for, 503n, 504–505
  • Ambassadors reception, 537
  • Anderson’s address to, 525
  • Anderson’s report on, 531–532
  • Coordination committee, 536
  • Date of, 499–500
  • Dulles’ attendance at, 510
  • Economic Declaration of Buenos Aires, 556
    • Provisions of, 565–567
    • Resolution 2, 574–577
    • U.S. assessment of, 557, 560–561, 564–566
  • Economic development issues (see also Inter–American Bank proposal below), 526
    • Results, 546–549
    • Results, U.S. assessment of, 557–558, 559–560, 569–571
    • Rio Conference results, 500–501
    • U.S. position, 515, 535
  • Eisenhower statement on, 557
  • Future conferences:
    • Discussion of, 536, 538–539
    • U.S. attitude toward, 564
    • U.S. preparation for, 556, 559
  • General Economic Agreement proposal (see also Economic Declaration of Buenos Aires above), 526
    • Brazilian position, 529, 533–534, 539, 544–545
    • Brazilian–Mexican draft, 539, 544
    • Country positions, 523–525, 529, 532–535, 554–555
    • Failure of agreement, possible problems from, 529–530, 534
    • Final draft, 554–556
    • Form of, 498, 506, 512, 532–535, 554–555
    • Heads of delegations meeting re, 546
    • History of, 533
    • Mexican position, 526, 533, 539, 544–546, 555, 560–561, 565
    • Post–conference negotiations, 574–577
    • Pre–conference negotiations, 512
    • Revision process, 530
    • Summary of activities, 564–566, 573–574
    • U.S. position, 502–508, 514–516, 518, 528, 533–534, 539, 544–545, 574–578, 749
    • U.S. Senate ratification, possible, 504, 506–507
    • U.S.–Latin American discussions, 517
    • Vote on, 528
  • IBRD resolution, 535, 540, 548, 570
  • U.S. position, 560
  • IFC loans and, 507–510
  • Immigration issues, 538, 552
  • Inter–American Bank proposal:
    • Chilean position, 529, 535, 540, 547
    • Latin American positions, 524
    • Results, 547
    • U.S. position, 515, 518, 520, 539–540, 559–561
  • Press conference for delegates, 555
  • Private sources of capital, U.S. focus on, 567, 571–573, 578–580
  • Regional trade market proposal, 526, 538
    • Approval, 543, 551, 558
    • Approval, U.S. assessment of, 562–563, 567–568
    • Country positions, 524–525
    • Prebisch’s remarks, 521–523
    • U.S. position, 415, 519, 541, 552
  • Style Committee, 556
  • Technical assistance issues, 536
    • Results, 553–554, 571
    • U.S. position, 564, 520, 542
  • Termination date, 537, 539
  • Trade issues (see also Regional trade market proposal above), 526, 537–538
    • Chilean position, 524, 531, 550, 562, 569
    • Country positions, 524, 535–536
    • Mexican position, 531, 540, 549–550, 568
    • Results, 543–544, 546, 549–552
    • Results, U.S. assessment of, 558, 561–563, 567–569
    • U.S. position, 515–516, 518–520, 540–542
  • Transportation issues, 536, 542, 571
  • U.S. assessments of, 557–573
  • U.S. position papers, development of, 498
  • U.S. preparation for, 352
  • U.S. representatives, 511–513, 527
  • U.S. Steering Committee meetings, 498–502, 505–508, 528, 534–546, 554–556
  • U.S. Sub–committee for, 360, 497–498
• Bulganin, Nikolay Alexandrovich, 46, 55
• Burgess, W. Randolph, 399, 414–416, 503, 505, 511, 664, 678, 716n, 717, 738
• Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 243, 285, 294
• Butz, Earl, 459
• CAB. See Civil Aeronautics Board.
• Cabell, Gen. Charles P., 844
• Cabinet meetings, 312–313, 531–532
• Caire, Celia, 886, 890
• Cale, Edward G., 236–238, 339, 345–351, 777n, 793n, 815n, 819n, 822n, 825–827
• Callanan, Paul E., 777n, 778n, 786n, 788, 791n, 792, 793n, 798n, 801n, 803n, 805, 808n, 809n, 810, 811n, 827n, 842n
• Cambronne, Stuart, 952n
• Campa y Caraveda, Miguel Angel de la, 820, 838–839
• Canada, 274
• Cantave, Gen. Leon, 954
• Capehart, Homer E., 304, 370–371, 433
• Cardenas, Lazaro, 755
• Caribbean Legion, 632
• Carillo Flores, Antonio, 662, 665, 690
  • Air transport agreement, 725, 729
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 749–750
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 664–665, 677–679, 684, 725, 733–735, 738
  • Government involvement in industry, 666–669
  • Import restrictions, 669–671
  • Lead and zinc exports, 750–751
  • Mining industry, 669–670, 674
  • PEMEX, 666, 683, 693
  • Peso stabilization, 649–650, 685
  • on Ruiz Cortines, 688
  • Sabalo Company incident, 770
• Carney, Adm. Robert B., 230
• Carrillo, Justo, 867n
• Carvajal, Angel, 690
• Castillo Armas, Col. Carlos, 585, 613, 618, 623, 629, 635–636
  • Assassination of, 210–212
• Castro Ruz, Fidel:
  • Bogota uprising, 838n
  • Communist orientation, 866n
  • New York Times interview, 841
  • Revolutionary activities, 633, 836, 838, 846–847, 866–867, 871
• Castro Ruz, Raúl, 838n
• Ceniceros, José Angel, 690, 720–721
• Central American political situation, National Intelligence Estimate, 628–648
• Central American University, proposed, 626–627
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 905
• Chapultepec Conference (1945), 750
• Chavez, Dennis, 418
• Chavez, Eduardo, 665, 691
• Chile:
  • Armed forces, 133–134
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 523, 536, 544, 565
    • Inter–American Bank proposal, 529, 535, 540, 547
    • Trade issues, 524, 531, 550, 562, 569
  • Communism in, 8, 25–27, 31, 49–50, 86–87, 89, 355
  • Copper export controls, 162
  • Economic situation, 21–22, 29, 31, 38–40, 420–421
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 360–361, 363, 372, 374
  • Hemisphere defense, 95
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Labor movement, 50
  • Political situation, 18, 23–24, 30, 285
  • Social trends, 20
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 29, 197
  • Territorial waters, 12
  • Trade situation, 39–40
  • United States, agreements with, 173–174, 269
  • U.S. economic assistance, 52–53, 137, 170, 208, 336–337
  • U.S. information programs, 10, 53, 203–204
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 95, 130, 132, 193
    • Equipment sales, 215, 217, 248
    • Internal security programs, 202–203
    • Naval vessel loans, 235, 265, 275
  • U.S. technical assistance, 9, 348, 404
• China, People’s Republic of, 197–198
• Chiriboga Villagomez, Jos Ricardo, 293
• Church, Frank F., 528n
• Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), 676, 698–700, 703, 704n, 705, 729–730, 740
• Civil Aviation Agreements (see also under Mexico), 204
• Clark, Charles P., 878
• Coast Guard, U.S., 731–732, 736–737, 901
• Coffee (see also under Haiti), 12, 15, 57
• Collins, Gen. J. Lawton, 407–409, 844
• Colombia:
  • Armed forces, 134
  • Atomic research programs, 7
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 524–525
  • Communism in, 50, 85, 89
  • Economic situation, 421
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 361, 363
  • Hemisphere defense, 95, 221, 222
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Military equipment purchases, non–U.S. sources, 274
  • Political situation, 23–24, 30, 203
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 197
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 55–56
  • United States, agreements with, 174, 269
  • U.S. economic assistance, 170, 208, 337, 430
  • U.S. information programs, 54, 201–202
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 95, 130, 193, 221, 222, 229–230, 238, 248, 253, 265, 275–276, 277
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 165–166
• Commerce Department, U.S., 103–105, 204, 311, 313, 653–654
• Commodity Credit Corporation, 772, 828n
• Communism in Latin America (see also under specific countries):
  • Anti–Communist activities, 26–27, 49–50, 355
  • U.S. direction of, 55–56, 65–66
  • Capabilities of, 85–87
  • Central American activities, 633–639, 642
  • Gains by, 8
  • General war and, 32–33
  • International ties, 87–89
  • Labor movement and, 25–26, 76–77, 82, 159–161, 638–639
  • Nationalistic sentiments, exploitation of, 141–142
  • OAS policies re, 65–66
  • Objectives of, 64–65, 83–84
  • Party membership, 25–27, 196–197
  • Party organization, 85–86
  • Propaganda activities, 93, 120, 196–197
  • Soviet interest for, 17, 88
  • Strategy and tactics, 26–27, 31, 84–85, 89–90
  • Target groups of, 84
  • U.S. attitudes toward, 4–5
  • U.S. plan of operations re:
    • Assistance dependent on anti–Communist policies, 67–68
    • Communist meetings, discouragement of, 73, 155
    • Counter–intelligence training, 81
    • Cultural activities, 80
    • Economic assistance, role of, 78–79
    • Education activities, 71, 80
    • Europeans, role of, 82
    • Free enterprise, promotion of, 79
    • Information activities, 10, 65, 67–68, 153–154
    • Intelligence activities, 72–73
    • International service groups, role of, 80
    • Labor movement, focus on, 78–79, 82, 159–161
    • Latin America Security Fund, 350–351
    • Military assistance, role of, 78–79, 81
    • OCB papers, 62–84, 139–195
    • Outlawing of Communist parties, 69, 151–152
    • Prevention of Communist–controlled governments, 68, 156
    • Security measures, 70
    • Solidarity with Latin American governments, 66
    • Soviet military influence, prevention of, 74
    • Soviet–Latin American relations, discouragement of, 70–71
    • Technical assistance, role of, 79–80
    • Trade with Soviets, discouragement of, 74–75
    • Travel to Soviet bloc, discouragement of, 73–74, 155–156
    • 1290–d program, 56, 267, 388
    • Visits by officials to the U.S., 75
• Concheso, Aurelio F., 783–785
• Confederation of Latin American Workers (CTAL), 50, 758
• Congress, U.S. See Congressional subheadings under other subjects; Acts of U.S. Congress; House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.
• Connett, William B., Jr., 619, 796n
• Conover, Harry, 432n
• Conrads, Robert A., 456n
• Continental Heads of Government meeting (Canada–Mexico–United States) (1956), 672n, 685–686, 701–702, 708–709
  • Eisenhower–Ruiz Cortines meeting, 710–715
• Continental shelf and marine waters, 49
• Cooley, Harold D., 778, 812, 819n, 821–822
• Corbett, Jack C., 310n, 319–321, 334–335, 381, 405n, 677n, 738, 741
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 528n, 533, 539–540, 559–561
• Corliss, James C., 300n, 498, 539, 556, 573n
• Costa Rica (see also Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict):
  • Armed forces, 643
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 538, 542–543, 549–550
  • Communism in, 622–624, 638–639
  • Economic situation, 52, 421–422, 646–648
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Highway, 311
  • Nicaragua, possible invasion of, 621–622
  • Nixon’s visit, 587–588
  • Political situation, 629, 631, 637, 642
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 174, 325
  • U.S. economic assistance, 209, 337
  • U.S. military assistance, 130, 202–203, 294–295
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 164–165
• Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict:
  • Aircraft involved in, 581–584, 590, 594–595, 599–601
  • CIO, role of, 597
  • Nicaragua, U.S. message to, 593
  • Nixon’s intervention, 612, 616
  • OAS Investigating Committee, 8, 27, 583–584, 588, 590–595, 597–601, 604–605, 611–612, 619–620
  • Post–conflict arrangements, 602–603, 606–607, 625–626
  • Termination of hostilities, 7, 605–607, 608–612, 619–620
  • U.S. assistance to Costa Rica, 581–584, 588–590, 597–599, 601–602
  • U.S. position, 596–597
  • Venezuelan involvement, 585–586, 590, 621
  • Villa Quesada, attack on, 586–587, 588n, 594
• Council on Foreign Economic Policy (Dodge Council), 90, 497, 814
• Coyne, J. Patrick, 2n
• Crockett, Kennedy M., 733n, 746n, 747n, 748n
• Cruz Salazar, Col. José Luis, 211
• Cuba (see also Sugar legislation, U.S., revision of):
  • Armed forces, 134, 643–645
  • Assassinations by police and army, 840–841
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 535, 547, 551
  • Bureau for the Repression of Communist Activity (BRAC), 810–811
  • Communism in, 8, 50, 87, 638n, 638–639, 642, 831–832, 839–840, 845
  • Confederation of Cuban Workers, 836
  • Cuban Sugar Stabilization Institute, 784
  • Cuban–American Commission on economic and social development, proposed, 832–833, 835
  • Dominican Republic, relations with, 883–884
  • Economic situation, 422, 645–647
  • Haiti, relations with, 839
  • Hemisphere defense, 95, 222–223, 789–790
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Nickel plant, U.S. disposal of, 848–851
  • Political situation (see also Revolutionary activities below), 24, 30, 195, 629
    • Constitutional guarantees, suspension of, 831, 862, 868
    • Elections, 862, 866, 868–869, 871–872, 875
    • Future trends, 641
  • Press opposition to Batista, 840
  • Restoration of normalcy, U.S. program for, 865–876
  • Revolutionary activities:
    • by Castro, 633, 836, 838, 846–847, 866–867, 871
    • Cienfuegos revolt, 845–846, 855
    • Communist involvement, 831–832, 839–840, 845
    • Coup attempt, possible (August 1957), 843–844
    • Dominican involvement, 835, 837, 882, 887
    • General strike, 836, 843
    • Government countermeasures, 840–841, 867
    • Groups involved in, 836, 841–842
    • by Guevara, 847
    • Junta de Liberación Cubaña, 872
    • Military involvement, 831, 836–837, 867
    • by Prío, 820, 831, 835, 837, 855, 859–860, 871
    • Success, chances of, 836–837
    • U.S. military equipment used in response to, 845–846, 854, 857
  • Revolutionary Directorate Federation University Students, 836
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 197, 640–641
  • Soviet Union, sugar sales to, 842–843
  • Sugar exports, 617
  • Sugar production, 783–784
  • Telephone rates, 839
  • Trade situation, 648, 834
  • United States, agreements with:
    • Double taxation treaties, 173–174
    • Military agreements, 7, 269, 789–790
    • Rice import agreement, 784–785, 819
    • Shimp Conservation Convention, 864–865
  • U.S. economic assistance, 337
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 130, 132, 193, 873
    • Equipment sales, 217
    • Force increases, 225–226
    • Naval vessel loans, 265, 275
    • Tanks, request for, 295, 852–855
    • U.S. policy re, 856–858
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348, 832–835
  • U.S. trade policies re, 165–166
• Current Economic Developments, 561–569
• Curtis, E. Glion, 853n, 870n
• CUTCH (labor organization), 50–51
• Cutler, Robert, 3
• Czechoslovakia, 251, 696, 764
• Davis, Vice Adm. Arthur C., 220, 221–224
• Davis, Roy Tasco, 936–937, 945n, 948, 951n, 952
• De La Maza, Octavio, 885–891, 898–899, 910n
• Defense Department, U.S. (see also Joint Chiefs of Staff):
  • Argentina, 11–12, 229
  • Brazil, 229
  • Colombia, 229–230
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 591–592, 602–603
  • Cuba, 790, 848–850, 852–854
  • Dominican Republic, 879–880, 884, 917–920, 922, 924–926
  • Force increases in Latin America, 225–227
  • Guatemala, 223–224
  • Hemisphere defense, 218–219, 253–254
  • Mexico, 748, 769–770
  • Military assistance policies, attitude toward, 227n, 228–232, 239–240, 244n–245n, 256
  • Naval vessel loan program, 243–244, 262–264, 278–279
  • Venezuela, 259
• Dejoie, Louis, 963
• Delgado, Hernando, 544
• Denize, Auguste, 968
• DeSapio, Carmine, 878
• Despradel, Arturo, 523–525
• Development Loan Fund, 198–199, 432–436
• Dillon, C. Douglas, 413, 432
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 502, 505, 509, 510n, 511–513, 521–522, 526n, 527–528, 536, 539, 559
• Dodge, Joseph M., 48n, 247, 257, 352, 497
• Dodge Council. See Council on Foreign Economic Policy.
• Dominican Republic (see also Murphy–Galindez disappearance case):
  • Armed forces, 134, 643–645
  • Batista’s attitude toward, 837
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 523–525
  • Consul General in New York, exequatur for, 928–929
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, involvement in, 585
  • Cuba, relations with, 883–884
  • Cuban revolutionary activities, involvement in, 835, 837, 882, 887
  • Economic situation, 422, 647–648
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 882, 884–885, 897, 912
  • Guatemala, intervention in, 211
  • Hemisphere defense, 916–917
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • ICFTU committee visit, 929
  • Illegal activities in the United States, 883–885, 889–890, 892–893, 902–904, 909
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 24, 30, 631, 634–635, 641
  • United Kingdom, military equipment purchases from, 917
  • United States, agreements with:
    • Atomic Energy Agreement, 879
    • Bilateral Military Assistance Agreement, 916
  • U.S. businesses, government pressures on, 883–884, 902
  • U.S. economic assistance, 336
  • U.S. investments in, 897
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 95, 130, 133, 193
    • Aircraft sales, 917–919, 920–923, 926
    • Cuban relations, connection to, 884
    • Naval vessel loans, 879–880, 919–920
    • Navy equipment program, 918, 920, 923, 925–926
    • Political concerns, 921–923
    • Reimbursable assistance, 924–925
  • U.S. military bases in, 901–902, 905–906, 930
  • U.S. support of dictatorships issue, 195, 921, 922–923
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348, 375, 404–405, 883–885
• Donahue, Ruth S., 555n
• Douglas, Paul, 545
• Draper, Gen., 774
• Dreier, John C., 870n, 956–957
  • American Presidents Meeting, 440n, 441, 443–444
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 536, 538, 555, 573n
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 591, 599–601, 604–605, 608n, 609n, 611n, 620
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 461n, 464n, 465n, 468n, 469n, 472n, 473n
• Drew, Gerald A., 952, 955, 959–961, 962n, 964–968
• Driscoll, Hilary A., 543
• Dulles, Allen W., 5, 595, 954
• Dulles, John Foster:
  • American Presidents Meeting, 439, 441–444, 450–451
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 510, 517–518
  • Communism in Latin America, 5
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 708–709
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 593, 596–597
  • Cuba (see also Sugar legislation, revision of below), 831, 833, 835, 840, 841n, 845
    • Prío, U.S. investigation of, 859, 863–864
    • U.S. military assistance, 854, 856–858
  • Dominican Republic (see also Murphy–Galindez disappearance case below), 922, 927n, 928–929
  • Economic assistance policies, 354n
  • Export–Import Bank, 105, 327, 365, 371–372
  • Haiti, 932, 945, 951n, 955
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 453n, 461, 465–466
  • Inter–American Highway, 310n, 313, 321–323
  • Mexico, 671, 672n, 680n, 697, 733, 745–746, 765–767
    • Civil aviation agreement, 676, 690
  • Military assistance policies, 106–110, 221
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 779n, 782–783, 829
  • Technical assistance programs, 357
  • Trade policies, 103–104, 765–767
• Durfee, James R., 729–730
• Durón, Octavio Jacinto, 523–524
• Duvalier, François, 963–968
• Dworshak, Henry C., 778, 828n
• Echevarria, Jose Antonio, 836
• Economic assistance policies, U.S. (see also Export–Import Bank; Inter–American Highway; Technical assistance programs, U.S.; U.S. economic assistance under specific countries):
  • Agriculture surplus disposal (see also P.L. 480 programs below), 98, 125, 177
  • Amortization incentives, 416
  • Communism, role in fight against, 77–78
  • Development assistance program, 9, 52, 58, 136, 168, 347, 349–350, 357, 359–360, 389, 395–397
  • Development Loan Fund, 198–199, 432–436
  • Disaster relief, 378–380, 933–936, 941, 945
  • Expenditures:
    • FY 1955, 58–59
    • FY 1956, 205–206
  • Funding:
    • Contingency funds, 358–360
    • FY 1956, 51–52
    • FY 1957, 201–202
  • Future planning re, 395–397
  • General objectives, 97–98, 124–125, 304–310
  • Grant assistance, 168–170, 356
    • Opposition to, 309–310, 331–333
  • Guidelines for, 308, 316–317
  • “Hard” loans, 333–334
  • ICA loan programs, 331–333
  • Investment guarantee programs, 324–325
  • Latin American complaints re, 28–29, 92–93, 119–120, 142, 429–430
    • U.S. response to, 300–303
  • Objectives of, 306
  • OCB Plan of Operation, 167–178
  • P.L. 480 programs, 52, 59, 136–137, 170, 175, 388, 430–431, 459, 944
    • Administration of, 378–380
    • Expenditures through June 1957, 206, 208–209
    • Mexican corn purchases, 746–747, 751, 766, 768–772, 775
  • Private investment, 98, 125, 173–177, 302–303, 327–329, 393–394, 414–417
  • Progress goals, 304–309
  • Regional fund for Latin America, 198–199
  • Smathers development fund, 136, 169, 198, 202, 293, 389–391
    • Administration of, 398–399, 405–406
    • Alternatives to, 410–412, 434–435
    • State Department attitude toward, 406–407
• Economic situation in Latin America (see also Trade situation in Latin America under specific countries), 17
  • Central American trends, 645–648
  • Development projects, 22, 197–198
  • Foreign investment, 28–29, 52–53, 645–646
  • Investment patterns, 21–22
  • Nationalization of businesses, 9–10, 22
  • Nixon’s report re, 616–617
  • Trends in, 20–22, 30–31
  • U.S. blamed for problems, 301–302
  • U.S. private investment, 645–647
  • U.S. trade policies, effects of, 617
• Ecuador:
  • Armed forces, 134–135, 290
  • Border dispute with Peru, 13, 48–49, 143–144, 272
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 546, 549, 554
  • Communism in, 50, 85–86, 355
  • Economic situation, 422–423
  • Hemisphere defense, 223
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • “Militant Liberty” program, 292
  • Military equipment purchases, non–U.S. sources, 274
  • Political situation, 23, 30
  • Territorial waters, 12
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 269, 325
  • U.S. economic assistance, 170, 208, 293, 337
  • U.S. information programs, 54, 201–202
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 130, 132, 192–193, 223
    • Equipment sales, 215, 248
    • Naval vessel loans, 234–235, 265
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 164–165
• Edgerton, Glen E., 327, 664, 678–679
• Educational Exchange Program, 10, 54, 179, 201–202
• Eisenhower, Dwight D.:
  • American Presidents Meeting, 438–439, 444, 450–453, 832–835, 945–946
  • Batista, meeting with, 832–835
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 517, 557
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 708, 710–715
  • Cuba (see also Sugar legislation, revision of below), 832–835
  • Dictatorships in Latin America, 4–5
  • Export–Import Bank, 105, 106, 117–118, 304, 368
  • Haiti, 945–946, 949n, 951, 963n
  • Information programs, 180n
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 453n, 468
    • Address to, 465–466
  • Inter–American Highway, 313, 321
  • Latin America policy, 90–91, 119n
  • Magloire, meeting with, 945–946
  • Mexico, 650n, 671–672, 676, 680n, 735, 745
    • Ruiz Cortines, meeting with, 710–715
    • U.S.–Mexican relations, 671–672, 680n
  • Military assistance policies, 107–110, 112, 117–118
  • Murphy–Galindez disappearance case, 877, 879
  • Ruiz Cortines, meeting with, 710–715
  • Ruiz Cortines’ attitude toward, 773
  • Soviet–Latin American relations, 102
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 778, 780, 781–783, 786–787, 791, 800–801, 803, 806, 818
  • Technical assistance programs, 340
  • Trade policies, 103, 767
• Eisenhower, Milton, 230, 436
  • American Presidents Meeting, 439n
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 672n, 715
  • Economic assistance policies, 414, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 445, 448, 453
    • Atomic energy development, 476
    • Cost of U.S. proposals, 468–469
    • Preliminary meeting, 467–468
    • Preparatory work, 456–461
    • Proposal agenda, 463, 470n, 474n
  • Mexico visit, 766n, 775
• El Salvador:
  • Armed forces, 643
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 523–525
  • Communism in, 636–637
  • Economic situation, 423, 647
  • Friendship, commerce and navigation treaties, 173
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 629, 637, 642
  • Trade situation, 648
  • U.S. economic assistance, 337
  • U.S. military assistance, 130, 132, 203, 218, 790
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 165
• Eliécer Gaitán, Jorge, 838n
• Ellender, Allen J., 778, 800, 805, 815n, 828n
• Ellis, Allen, 657
• Elmhurst Construction Company, 897
• Espaillat, Brig. Gen. Arturo, 886, 900, 901, 905–909, 911n, 913–916
• Esquivel Arguedas, Mario, 583–584, 596
• Esterline, Jacob D., 624
• Estrada, Orlando, 621
• Estrada, Pedro, 585–586
• Export–Import Bank (Eximbank) (see also under specific countries):
  • Branch offices, 363–364
  • Capital equipment purchase assistance, 383–386
  • Developmental loans, 329–330, 365–367, 673
  • Exporter credits, 364, 373–375, 383–386
  • Financial worth, 362–363, 364
  • Foreign policy aspects of, 370–371, 718–720, 726
  • “Hard” loans, 333–334
  • as Independent agency, 364
  • Intensification of activities:
    • Central banks used for re–lending, 373–374, 380–381
    • Diplomatic posts, instructions to, 381–386
    • Need for, 327–329, 360–362, 368–372
    • Publicity efforts, 382–383
  • Inter–American Highway financing, 310–311
  • Interest rates, 309, 317, 320
  • Lending policy, 304–306, 309–310, 314–315, 319–321, 334–335
  • Loan authorizations:
    • 1954, 52, 328
    • 1955, 9, 59, 362–363
    • 1956, 205, 207
  • Smathers development fund administration, 398–401, 405–406
  • U.S. policy re, 8, 98, 104–105, 115, 125, 167, 309–310, 317–318, 328–331, 352, 353, 356, 363, 372
• Fábrega, José Isaac, 475
• Facio, Antonio, 583–584, 588–589
• Fairless, Benjamin F., 407
• Fairless Committee, 407–409
• Falkland Islands, 158
• Farland, Joseph S., 930n
• Farley, Philip J., 464n
• Fascell, Dante B., 627
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 878, 876, 891, 896, 900, 911
• Fignole, Daniel, 932, 954
• Figueres Ferrer, José, 597, 602, 605–610, 616, 620, 621–622, 624, 637, 851
• Fishburn, John T., 61n
• Fisher, John W., 620n
• FitzGerald, Dennis A., 333–334, 345–346, 375–377, 391, 395–396
• Flemming, Arthur S., 4, 735
• Floete, Franklin G., 848
• Flores Muñoz, Gilberto, 746
• Folsom, Robert S., 619–620
• Foreign Operations Administration (FOA), 325–327, 331, 813–814, 934–935, 937
• Foster, Adm. Paul F., 459, 465n
• Fournier, Fernando, 588n, 621n
• Fourth Extraordinary Meeting of the Inter–American Economic and Social Council. See Rio Economic Conference.
• Fox, Lt. Gen. Alonzo P., 906
• France, 745–746
• Frank, John Joseph, 913, 916
• Freedman, Selma G., 300n
• Friendship, commerce and navigation (FCN) treaties, 173
• Fromer, Julian P., 881–885, 896–904, 912, 916–918, 946, 949n
• Fulbright agreements, 54, 201–202
• Gabbert, Howard M., 771–772
• Galindez, Jesus de. See Murphy–Galindez disappearance case.
• Garcia Robles, 544
• Garcia Trujillo, Lt. Gen. José, 882
• Gardner, Arthur, 810, 812, 835–837, 840–841
• Garner, Robert L., 509–510
• Garnett, Gwynn, 769
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 51, 164, 654, 826
• General Services Administration (GSA), 848–849, 850n
• General war, U.S.–Latin American cooperation in, 32–33
• George, Walter F., 391
• Germany, Federal Republic of, 29, 284
• Gleason, S. Everett, 13n, 90n, 101n, 114, 116n, 596n, 614n
• Gonzales Lopez, Luis Arturo, 210–211
• González, César, 475
• Goodpaster, Col. Andrew J., 438n, 746n, 945n
• Gordon, Nathan, 535
• Grace, J. Peter, Jr., 335n
• Gray, Gordon:
  • Dominican Republic, 879, 905
  • Military assistance policies, 234, 239–241, 257, 266–268, 270
• Great Britain. See United Kingdom.
• Green, Joseph N., Jr., 510
• Guardia, Ernesto de la, 637
• Guatemala:
  • Armed forces, 135, 643
  • Communism in, 5, 49–50, 85, 637–638
  • Dominican intervention in, 211
  • Economic situation, 10, 22, 29, 40–41, 52, 423, 646–648
  • Hemisphere defense, 218–219, 223
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Highway, 311, 313
  • Labor movement, 8
  • Mexico, relations with, 681, 688
  • Political situation, 23, 24, 30, 195, 585, 629, 635–636, 641–642
    • Castillo Armas assassination, 210–211
    • Nixon’s report on, 617–618
  • Rio Treaty ratification, 7
  • Social trends, 20
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 325, 269
  • U.S. economic assistance, 168–169, 209, 331n
    • Development assistance, 9, 52, 136, 332–333, 337, 348, 350, 356, 357–358, 389, 395–396
  • U.S. information programs, 52–54
  • U.S. military assistance, 7, 130, 132–133, 202, 218–219, 223, 226, 790
  • U.S. political policies re, 144, 148, 158
  • U.S. technical assistance, 9
  • U.S. trade policies re, 164–165
• Guell, 829, 854, 868
• Guevara, Ernesto “Che”, 847
• Guizado, José Ramón, 585
• Guzman Cardenas, 747
• Haiti:
  • Armed forces, 135, 643–645
  • Artibonite dam and irrigation project:
    • Cost miscalculations, 940, 942, 945–946
    • Export–Import Bank loans for, 934, 936–937, 943–944
    • U.S. grant aid for, 940–942, 944
  • Coffee production, 933–935, 939–940, 942, 946–947
  • Cuba, relations with, 839
  • “Cuban Loan”, 968
  • Economic situation, 423–424, 634, 645–647, 947
  • Electric power company, 938–939
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 934, 936–938, 943–944, 953
  • General strike, U.S. involvement in, 949–950
  • IBRD loans, 207, 934, 936–937
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Cooperative Public Health Service (SCISP), 968
  • Labor movement, 965
  • Political situation, 195, 203, 629, 631
    • Coup, possible, 931–932
    • Duvalier government, 963–967
    • Elections, 932, 959, 963
    • Executive Council of Government, 951–954
    • Future trends, 641
    • Magloire government, 203, 634, 931, 947–949
    • Military junta, 946–962
    • Pierre–Louis government, 949–950
    • Presidential succession process, 634
    • Sylvain government, 950–951
  • Road projects, 934, 936–937
  • SHADA loan, 941, 943
  • Talamas murder, 964–968
  • Trade situation, 648
  • United States, agreements with:
  • Double taxation treaties, 174
  • Military agreements, 269, 932–933
  • U.S. ambassador, appointment of, 952
  • U.S. economic assistance, 209, 379, 423–424, 648, 935–936
    • for Artibonite dam and irrigation project, 940–942, 944
    • Development assistance, 9, 52, 136, 332, 345, 348, 389, 395–396
    • Disaster relief, 933–937, 941, 945
    • Stabilization program, 952–954
  • U.S. food shipments, 948
  • U.S. military assistance, 7, 130, 192–193
  • U.S. technical assistance, 337, 937
• Hanes, John W., 313n
• Hanford, Col. Thomas B., 242, 243
• Harrington, Julian F., 439
• Hauge, Gabriel, 528n
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 780, 787–788, 801–804, 807, 811, 814–815, 816n, 826–827
• Havana Convention of 1928, 860
• Healy, Harold, 860
• Hemisphere defense (see also under individual countries), 11, 96, 116, 123, 181–183, 219–220, 232, 254–255
  • Central America, 640
  • Naval vessel loan program and, 235–236
  • NSC debate re, 107–111
  • OAS role, 289–293
  • Specific countries, roles of, 222–225
• Henderson, Loy W., 310n
• Henry, Omer, 898
• Hensel, H. Struve, 217, 220, 789
• Hernandez Marquez, Felix, 903
• Herrera Báez, Porfirio, 888, 890n, 910n, 928–929
• Herrington, William C., 731n
• Herter, Christian A., 275, 278, 286, 911, 951–952, 954n
• Hill, John C., Jr., 613n
• Hill, Robert C., 359–360, 391–392, 768, 771, 773–776
• Hilton, Ralph, 300n, 441
• Hoghland, John S., II, 419
• Holland, Henry F.:
  • American Presidents Meeting, 438–439, 440n, 441, 442n, 443, 450
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 497, 500–501
  • Central America policy, 613
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 708–709
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 593n
    • OAS Investigating Committee, 583–584, 590–592, 594–595, 599–600
    • Post–conflict arrangements, 604n
    • Termination of hostilities, 605n, 608n, 609n, 619
    • U.S. assistance to Costa Rica, 588–591, 599n
    • Villa Quesada, attack on, 586–587
  • Cuba (see also Sugar legislation, revision of below), 784–785, 820, 831–832
  • Dominican Republic, 877n, 879
  • Economic assistance policies, 393
    • Disaster relief, 378–380
    • Future planning, 393
    • Investment guarantee programs, 324–325
    • P.L. 480 programs, 388
    • Smathers development fund, 389–391, 397–398
  • Export–Import Bank, 9n, 314–318, 319
    • Developmental loans, 365–367
    • Intensification of activities, 326n, 328, 334n, 352n, 360–362, 368–372
    • Loan targets, 304–310, 329–330
  • Foreign Operations Administration, 325–327
  • Haiti, 931, 933–936, 938–942, 949n
  • ICA loan program, 331–333
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 454n, 456n, 461n, 465n
    • Atomic energy development recommendation, 464–465
    • Preparatory work, 456–461
    • Proposal for, 444, 445n, 450n
  • Inter–American Highway, 312–313
  • Latin America policy, 60–61
  • Mexico, 650, 656, 680n, 720, 722n
    • Civil aviation agreement, 676n, 703–704, 722–726, 729
    • Economic situation, 649–650
    • Export–Import Bank loans, 673, 677, 715–716, 720n, 722–726, 733, 738–739
    • Government involvement in industry, 662–663, 674
    • Import restrictions, 659, 661–662
    • Mining industry, 674–675
    • Territorial waters and fishing rights, 736–737
  • Military assistance policies, 217n, 220, 236, 261
    • Defense Department indecision, 227n
    • Force increases, 225
    • Internal security programs, 387–388
    • Naval vessel loan program, 232–233
    • Objectives clarification, need for, 244–246, 252n
    • PEMEX, gas purchases by the United States, 666, 673–674
    • Political v. military nature, 239–241
  • South America visit, report on, 354–356
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 777n, 778–779, 782n, 815–816, 822–825, 827
    • Agriculture Department, negotiations with, 787–788, 793–796, 798–808, 825–826
    • Cuban officials, discussions with, 783–785
    • Cuban protests, 829–830
  • Technical assistance programs, 347, 357–358, 387–389
• Holland, Spessard L., 828n
• Hollister, John B., 112, 326n, 331n, 333, 375, 397, 402, 409, 748, 814, 954
  • Development Loan Fund, 433–434
  • Smathers development fund, 390, 398
• Honduras:
  • Armed forces, 135, 643
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 523–524, 528
  • Communism in, 624, 638
  • Economic situation, 424, 646–648
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Labor movement, 8
  • Political situation, 195, 203, 585, 615, 629, 631, 636–637
  • Trade situation, 648
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 269
  • U.S. economic assistance, 209, 337
  • U.S. information programs, 54
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 130, 218
  • U.S. technical assistance, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 164–165
• Hoover, Herbert, Jr.:
  • Brazil, 14–15
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 497
  • Cuba (see also Sugar legislation, revision of below), 835n, 837
  • Dominican Republic, 877n
  • Economic assistance policies, 112, 333n
    • Future planning, 397–398
    • Investment guarantee programs, 324
    • Smathers development fund, 389, 400, 410
  • Export–Import Bank, 9n, 105, 304n, 314, 327, 352, 362, 365
  • Foreign Operations Administration, 325
  • Haiti, 940, 942n, 943–944
  • ICA loan program, 331, 397
  • Inter–American Highway, 311n
  • Latin America policy, 46n–47n, 61n, 91
  • Mexico:
    • Civil aviation agreement, 690, 703n, 725–726, 728n, 739n, 743–744
    • Export–Import Bank loans, 716, 718n, 725, 730–731, 738, 739n, 741
  • Military assistance policies, 227–228
    • Equipment sales, 111, 118
    • Extra–hemispheric capabilities, 14
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 777, 779–780, 793, 811–812, 816n, 817–818, 829
  • Technical assistance programs, 359
• Hoover, J. Edgar, 877–878
• Hoover, John P., 968
• House of Representatives, U.S.:
  • Agriculture Committee, 819, 822n–823n, 825–826
  • Appropriations Committee, 433–435
  • Foreign Affairs Committee, 433
  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee, 682
  • Murphy–Galindez disappearance investigation, 897–898, 927
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 805–806, 815n, 819–820, 822n–823n
    • Eisenhower meeting with Congressmen, 778–783, 786–787, 791
    • Passage of legislation, 825n, 827, 830
• Howe, Fisher, 410, 438n
• Hoyt, Henry A., 792, 820n, 821–822, 829n, 870n, 877n, 878, 882n, 943n
• Hughes, John C., 407–408
• Hughes, Ruth Mason, 650–661, 672n, 677n, 733–735, 736
• Humphrey, George M.:
  • Economic assistance policies, 3–5, 112, 398–399
  • Export–Import Bank, 104, 117, 327, 352, 364, 366
  • Inter–American Highway, 313
  • Mexico, 649, 650n, 685, 718n, 731–732
  • Military assistance policies, 14–15, 107–108, 257
  • Trade policies, 103, 413
• Ibáñez del Campo, Gen. Carlos, 39, 86, 355, 452
• Immigration Service, U.S., 695
• Information programs, U.S., 10, 53–54, 98, 125, 129, 153–154, 178–181, 199, 201, 205
• Institute for Inter–American Affairs (IIAA), 326, 344–346
• Intelligence Advisory Committee (IAC), 16
• Inter–American Association for Defense of Democracy, 877
• Inter–American Atomic Energy Symposium, 204
• Inter–American Bank, proposed (see also under Buenos Aires Economic Conference), 8, 367, 459
• Inter–American Commission on Nuclear Energy, proposed, 481
• Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives (CPR) (see also under individual countries):
  • Agenda, 467n, 474–475, 478–479
  • Benefits to the United States, 446–447
  • Eisenhower address to, 467–468
  • Eisenhower speech re, 451
  • Final report, 485–496
  • Interim Committee and Subcommittees, 475–482
  • Meetings, 454–455, 465–467, 473–478, 485n
  • Objections to, U.S., 448–449
  • Proposal for, 436–439, 444–446
  • Recommendations:
    • Atomic energy development, 472–473, 476, 481, 494–495
    • Economic development, 487–491
    • Education and technical cooperation, 493–494
    • OAS affairs, 495–496
    • Private investment, 489–490
    • Public health and social security, 470–471, 481, 491–492
  • Representatives selection, 455
  • Terms of reference for, 453–454
  • U.S. preparatory work, 456–465
  • U.S.–Latin America economic problems, discussion of, 469–471, 477–478, 480
• Inter–American Council of Jurists, 49, 57
• Inter–American Defense Board (IADB), 25, 93, 120
  • General Military Plan, 7, 57, 181, 235, 276, 293
• Inter–American Economic and Social Council (IA–ECOSOC) (see also Rio Economic Conference), 496
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 497, 579
    • Agenda approval, 503n
    • Economic Declaration of Buenos Aires, 556, 561
    • Economic development issues, 546–547, 569–571
    • Future conferences, 536
    • General Economic Agreement proposal, 498, 503, 506–507, 512, 517, 519, 533, 573–574
    • Immigration issues, 552
    • Technical cooperation issues, 553–554
    • Trade issues, 538, 543, 549–550, 558, 562–563, 567–568
    • Transportation issues, 570–571
• Inter–American Federation of Mineworkers, 203
• Inter–American Highway, 542
  • Acceleration of work on, 310–313, 321
  • Benefits of, 321–323, 418–419
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives recommendation re, 488
  • U.S. expenditures, FYs 1954–1959, 129
  • U.S. funding for, 6, 52, 97, 169
• Inter–American Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 481
• Inter–American Nuclear Energy Commission, proposed, 478, 494–495
• Inter–American Press Association, 877
• Inter–American Regional Organization of Workers (ORIT), 8, 13, 51, 159, 197
• Inter–American School Service, 179
• Inter–American Specialized Conference on Conservation of the Natural Resources of the Continental Shelf and Oceanic Waters (1956), 495
• Inter–American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty), 7, 249, 280, 583–586, 601, 607, 763, 857
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (see also under individual countries):
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference resolution, 535, 540, 548, 560, 570
  • Export–Import Bank loans and, 320
  • “Hard” loans, 333–334
  • Loan authorizations:
    • 1954, 52
    • 1955, 9, 59
    • 1956, 206, 207
  • U.S. policy re, 97, 167
• International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU), 197, 929
• International Cooperation Administration (ICA), 50, 326
  • Dominican Republic, 883–885
  • Future planning by, 395–397
  • Grant assistance, 331–333
  • Haiti, 953n, 954
  • Mexico, 748, 768
  • Mission Directors Conference (1957), 409
  • Private investment, promotion of, 393–394
  • Program for FY 1957, 347–351
  • Smathers development fund administration, 398–401, 405–406
• International Development Advisory Board (IDAB), 335
• International Finance Corporation (IFC), 507–510
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 428, 535, 953n, 954
• International Sugar Agreement, 823–824
• Irwin, John N., II, 295–297, 298–299
• Jackson, William H., 101–113, 116–118
• Jamaica, 157
• Jamison, Edward A., 213n, 217n, 225–227, 583–584, 608n
• Jimenez Ballard, Carlos, 620
• Johnson, Charles E., 138n
• Johnson, Charles F., 300n
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 736
• Joint Chiefs of Staff:
  • Dominican Republic, 880n, 919
  • Latin America policy, revision of, 102
  • Military assistance policies:
    • Combat engineering battalions, 219n
    • Equipment sales, 111, 220, 266
    • Force requirements, 106–108, 286–287, 294–295, 297–298
    • Internal security programs, 267
    • Long–term objectives, 266, 270
    • Military assistance to specific countries, 221–224
    • Naval vessel loan program, 243–244, 263–264
    • 1290–d programs, 267
  • Military personnel used in development programs, 111
  • U.S. bases in Latin America, 263
• Jones, Arnold R., 106
• Jumelle, Clement, 939
• Justice Department, U.S., 884
  • Murphy–Galindez disappearance case, 877–879, 911, 913–914
  • Prío, investigation of, 858–864, 868
• Kalijarvi, Thorsten V., 46n, 269n, 352n, 413n, 698, 746, 766, 787, 939–940
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 501, 505–508, 512, 559–563
• Karydakis, Mabel, 586n, 588n, 599n
• Kearns, Henry, 528n
• Kebreau, Gen. Antoine, 954–955, 959–960, 964, 966
• Kelly, Ralph, 860
• Kendall, David W., 732n
• Kenny, 501, 505
• Kimball, Frank C., 335
• King, Spencer M., 137–138, 286n, 621–622, 905–906, 912n, 913n, 914n
• Kirlin, Florence, 825–827
• Kittredge, Cmdr., 387–389
• Klein, Julius, 336
• Knowles, 506–508
• Krieg, William L., 293n, 300n, 324n, 464n, 480n, 928n
• Krieger Vasena, Adalbert, 543, 545–546
• Kubitschek de Oliveira, Juscelino, 14–15, 26, 38, 50, 52, 86–87, 361, 452
• Labor Department, U.S., 571–573, 695
• Labor movement in Latin America (see also under individual countries), 8–9
  • AFL–CIO campaign re, 195–196, 203
  • Communist influences, 25–26, 639
    • U.S. actions re, 76–77, 82, 159–162
  • Political influence of, 19
  • U.S. political objectives, 159–162
  • U.S. programs, 50–51
• Landreth, Rodney, 961
• Latham, Dana, 703
• Latin America. See Communism in Latin America; Economic situation in Latin America; Labor movement in Latin America; Political situation in Latin America; and individual countries.
• Latin America policy, U.S. (NSC 5432/1 and 5613 series) (see also Outline Plan of Operations for Latin America; U.S. plan of operations under Communism in Latin America):
  • Central American policy, 613
  • Cooperation with Latin American governments, 27–30, 31–33, 120–121, 145–146, 190–191, 195, 200
  • Draft statement (August 1956), 91–100
  • Intervention, avoidance of, 148–149, 195
  • NSC 5613/1, text, 119–137
    • Progress Report, 194–212
  • NSC 5432/1, Progress Reports, 6–13, 46–59
  • NSC meetings re, 2–5, 13–15, 90–91, 101–113, 116–118
  • Official visits, promotion of, 147
  • Revision process, 60–61, 114–116
  • United Nations, role of, 27, 31, 145–146, 611
• Latin America Security Fund, 350–351
• Latin American Confederation of Labor (CTAL), 639
• Lay, James S., Jr., 91n, 101n, 119n, 124n, 194n, 200n
• Lazo, Carlos, 656, 691, 706–707
• Lead and zinc, U.S. import restrictions on, 12, 413–414, 429–430, 526, 654–655, 682, 750–751, 762, 766–767
• Leddy, John M., 511, 528n, 534, 539, 544, 555
• Leddy, Raymond C., 585n, 771
• Lee, Muna, 300n
• Leffingwell, William M., 880n, 918
• Léger, Jacques, 936
• Lemus, Carlos, 622–624
• Lemus, Lt. Col. Jose Maria, 637
• Leonhardy, Terrance G., 831n, 838n, 842–843, 850n, 860n, 863n, 864n, 870n
• Levelt, Gen. Antoine, 947
• L’Herisson, Camille, 968
• Litsey, Weldon, 853n, 856n, 924–926
• Little, Edward S., 864n
• Llaverias, Federico, 929
• Lock Joint Pipe Company, 883, 897, 902
• Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 230, 615
• Lodwick, William G., 746, 769
• Lofton, Harry M., 881n
• Lombardo Toledano, Vicente, 695–696, 757
• Long, Russell, 828n
• Longoria, O.L., Jr., 652
• Lopez Castro, Amadeo, 783–785, 821
• Lopez Mateos, 775
• Loyo, Gilberto, 651, 674, 689, 690
• Lozano Díaz, Julio, 203, 615, 620n
• Luboeansky, Earl H., 473n, 474n, 480n
• Lyon, Cecil B., 46n, 61n, 403, 621
  • American Presidents Meeting, 439n, 441
  • Military assistance policies, 244–246, 252–253, 257n, 261–263
• McConnell, James A., 786, 791–792, 798–810
• McCoy, Cmdr. Ralph C., 918
• McDonald, John W., 409
• McGinnis, Edgar L., Jr., 378n
• McGrory, Elizabeth, 650n, 733n
• McGuire, E. Perkins, 241, 242n, 243, 254, 259, 262
• McIlvaine, Robinson, 300n
• Macomber, William B., 832n
• Macy, Robert M., 280–283, 456–458
• Magloire, Paul E., 634, 931–932, 936–940
  • Eisenhower, meeting with, 945–946
  • Resignation, 203, 947–950
  • United States visit, 932–933, 935
• Manas, Arturo, 783–785, 821
• Mann, Gerald, 674
• Mann, Thomas C., 626
• Mansfield, Mike, 627
• Marcy, Carl, 505–508
• Martinez Ostos, 690
• Masferrer, Rolando, 847
• Matson, 669, 674
• Matthews, Herbert, 841
• Mattison, Louis C., 300n
• Maura, Ambassador, 528
• Meany, George, 203, 929
• Melbourne, Roy M., 46n, 194n, 201n
• Memminger, Robert B., 441, 450n
• Merchant, Livingston, 708–709
• Metzger, Stanley D., 535–536, 555, 559–563
• Mexico:
  • Agriculture policies, 759–760
  • Armed forces, 764–765
  • Asociacion de Empresarios Mexicanos, 652
  • Bracero Agreement. See under United States, agreements with below.
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 536, 538, 548, 553, 570, 749–750
    • General Economic Agreement proposal, 526, 533–534, 539, 544–546, 554–555, 560–561, 565
    • Trade issues, 532, 540, 550–551, 568
  • Camara Nacional de la Industria de Transformacion, 651
  • Cananea Consolidated Copper Company, 674
  • Chamizal ownership issue, 721, 722n, 769–770
  • Civil aviation agreement with the United States:
    • Airlines, consultation with, 727–728
    • Conclusion of, 745
    • Congressional interest in, 698–699, 727–728, 740
    • Exchange of notes, 729–730, 740, 743
    • Export–Import Bank loans connected to, 722–726, 730, 738
    • Mexican position, 681–682, 686, 689–690, 700–701, 704–708, 714, 743–744
    • Negotiations, history of, 656–657, 698–700, 739–741
    • Provisions of, 740–741
    • U.S. policy, 676, 703–704, 714–715
    • U.S. Show Cause order, 738
  • Communism in, 8, 50, 85–86, 88, 681, 695–697, 711–712, 720–721, 753, 757–758, 764
  • Compania Mexicana de Aviacion, 656, 676, 703
  • Corn purchases (P.L. 480) from the United States, 655, 746–747, 751–752, 766, 768–772, 775–776
  • Cotton production and sales, 713
  • Diesel Nacional, S. A., 653, 658
  • Economic situation, 21, 41–43, 424, 650–651, 693–694, 759–762
    • Peso stabilization, 649–650, 685, 693–694, 761
  • Electric power industry, 662–663, 669, 675, 679, 689
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 208, 361, 664–665, 692
  • Civil aviation agreement connected to, 722–726, 730, 738
  • Delays in, 715–720, 722–724
  • Fundidora steel mill, 715–717, 719, 721, 723–726
  • Irrigation project, 665, 673
  • National Railways credit, 664–665, 673, 677–679, 716, 720n, 724–726, 733–735, 738–739, 741–742
  • Power companies, 679, 684
  • Fishing rights. See Territorial waters below.
  • Foreign investment, 651–652, 657–658, 663, 668, 674, 710–711, 718–719, 774
  • Foreign Relations documents publication, concerns re, 661
  • Government role in industry, 42, 657, 662–663, 666–669, 674–675, 680
  • Guatemala, relations with, 681, 688
  • Guest Aerovias Mexico, 676, 706
  • Hemisphere defense (see also under U.S. military assistance below), 753, 763
  • IADB General Military Plan, 7
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Import restrictions. See Trade restrictions below.
  • Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), 751–752
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 481
  • Labor movement, 755–756, 759
  • Latin American countries, relations with, 763
  • Mexican Electricity Commission, 662–663
  • Migratory labor issue, 680, 686, 694–695, 697–698, 713, 715, 763
  • Mining industry, 657, 669, 674–675, 694
  • Montecatini organization, 657, 668–669
  • National Action Party (PAN), 756–757
  • National Intelligence Estimate on, 752–765
  • Oil industry. See PEMEX below.
  • Oil production, 735–736, 761–762
  • PEMEX, 561, 671, 760
    • French loan to, 745–746
    • Gas sales to the United States, 660–661, 666, 673–675, 689
    • Operation of, 691–693
    • U.S. loans to, 682–683, 691–692
  • Political situation (see also Communism in above), 18, 23–24, 30, 687–691, 752–759
  • Radio broadcasting issue, 659–660
  • Railway system, 691
  • Revolution of 1911, 754–755
  • Ruiz Cortines’ visit to the United States, 671–672, 685–686, 701–702, 708–715
  • Sabalo Company incident, 702, 721, 770
  • Social trends, 20, 754–755
  • Soviet bloc, relations with, 672, 695–696, 753, 762–764
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 197
  • Strategic materials exports, 163
  • Sugar quota, 655
  • Territorial waters and fishing rights, 713–714, 721, 731–733, 736–737, 762, 770
  • Trade restrictions, 652–655, 657–659, 661–662, 670–671, 673–674
    • Lead and zinc, 12, 413–414, 429, 654, 682, 750–751, 762, 766–767
    • Sugar, 655, 670
  • Trade situation, 42–43, 753, 761
  • United States, agreements with (see also Civil aviation agreement with the United States above):
    • Bracero (Migratory Labor) Agreement, 680, 686, 694–695, 697–698, 713, 715, 763
    • Double taxation treaties, 173–174, 665
    • Trade agreement, 654
  • U.S. economic assistance, 209, 332, 649–650, 697
  • U.S. information programs, 10, 53
  • U.S.–Mexican Joint Defense Commission, 100, 127, 199, 763
  • U.S. military assistance, 130, 215, 294–295
    • Equipment sales, 747–748
    • Hemisphere defense, 96, 181–182, 199, 254
  • U.S. military bases in, 199
  • U.S. relations with, 41–43, 680–686
  • U.S. technical assistance, 345, 349–350, 684
  • U.S. trade policies, 164–166
• Meyer, Charles A., 535
• Meyer, Joaquin, 821–822, 842–843, 844n
• Military assistance policies, U.S. (see also under Hemisphere defense; U.S. military assistance under individual countries):
  • Aircraft, 238, 251, 260, 290–291
  • Bilateral agreements, 229, 249
  • Combat engineering battalions, 219, 224, 227, 230
  • Communism, role in fight against, 78–79
  • Defense Department attitude, 227n, 227–232, 239–241, 244n, 256, 299
  • Dependence fostered by, 108
  • Economic stability, effect on, 55, 99, 214, 247–249, 273–274
  • Equipment:
    • Credit terms for, 99, 185, 213–218, 220, 224, 230, 232, 238, 240–243, 260–261, 270–271, 388
    • Deliveries, 237–238
    • Non–U.S. supply, question of, 10–11, 29–30, 99–100, 108–109, 120–121, 186–187, 214, 234, 249, 250–252, 254–255, 277
    • Standardization, 10–11, 29–30, 54–55, 119, 126–127, 142, 186, 214, 230, 234, 258
  • Evaluation, need for, 230–231
  • Expenditures:
    • FYs 1950–1955, 7
    • FYs 1954–1956 by country, 130–131
    • FYs 1954–1959, 129
    • June 1955–April 1956, 58–59
    • FY 1956, 205–206
  • Extra–hemispheric capabilities, 11, 14, 254, 261
  • Fairless Committee report re, 407–409
  • Force requirements, 105–106, 133–136, 225–226, 242–243, 253, 259–260, 270, 286–289, 292–293, 294–298
  • Force standardization along U.S. lines, 193
  • Funding:
    • FY 1956, 12
    • FY 1957, 201–202, 237, 240
  • General policy, 54–55, 98–100, 109–113, 115–118, 121–122, 125–127, 141–142, 182–187, 239, 244–246, 248–252, 258–259, 299
  • General war, 32–33
  • Hemisphere mapping program, 100, 128, 190
  • Inter–American cooperation, 29–30, 32–33, 93, 120–121, 190–191, 200
  • Internal security programs, 70, 99–100, 106, 188–189, 196, 202–203, 252–254, 259–260, 270, 271, 288, 351, 388–389
  • Latin American complaints, 29–30, 142
  • MAAG chiefs, role of, 271
  • Naval vessel loan program:
    • Budget Bureau opposition to, 276–282
    • Defense Department decision re, 243–244, 263–265
    • Equipment standardization and, 234
    • Hemisphere defense and, 234–236
    • Proposal for, 232–233
    • Receiving countries, 265, 282
    • Terms of ship transfers, 281–282
    • Transfer costs, 264–265, 282
  • OCB Plan of Operations, 181–193
  • Panama Canal Zone protection, 106, 110, 290
  • Political v. military nature of, 239–240, 256, 286–287
  • Radford’s visit to South America re, 272–275, 284–285, 289–293
  • Reimbursable assistance program (see also Equipment above), 132–133, 242–243, 250–253, 259–260, 270, 271, 292, 921
  • State–Defense working group, 228n, 242n
  • Strategic materials acquisition, relation to, 256
  • Training missions, 100, 127, 191–193, 249, 256
  • 1290–d program, 56, 267, 388
  • U.S. bases in Latin America, 100, 189–190, 199, 229, 255–256, 263, 274–275, 285–286
• Miller, Edward G., Jr., 324n
• Millikin, Eugene D., 778, 787, 818
• Minnich, L. Arthur, Jr., 312n, 531n, 817n
• Mission Directors Conference (1957), 409
• Moffat, Jay P., 844n
• Monge, Luis Alberto, 929
• Monsen, G. Richard, 441n
• Monsma, George N., 464n, 465n
• Montllor, Joseph J., 910–912
• Mora Otero, José Antonio, 49, 438–439, 452, 537
• Morgan, Gerald, 505–508, 676
• Morse, True D., 786–789, 791, 805–808, 825–827
• Morse, Wayne, 818, 896
• Morton, Thruston B., 819n, 827–828
• Moss, John E., Jr., 897–898
• Moya, Manuel de, 882n, 922
• Mujal Barniol, Eusebio, 836
• Mulliken, Jean H., 413n, 793n, 819n, 827n
• Munoz Marin, Luis, 903
• Murphree, Eger V., 906
• Murphy, Gerald Lester. See Murphy–Galindez disappearance case.
• Murphy, Robert D.:
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 709
  • Cuba, 864n
  • Dominican Republic, 886, 907n
  • Hemisphere defense, 218–221, 270
  • Military assistance policies, 220, 246–252, 257–261
    • Aircraft, 260
    • Combat engineering battalions, 219
    • Defense Department attitude, 227n
    • Equipment standardization, 257–258
    • Extra–hemispheric capabilities, 261
    • Force requirements, 270, 294–295, 297–298
    • Internal security programs, 259–260
    • Naval vessel loan program, 232–236, 243–244, 263–264, 280–283
    • Political v. military nature, 286–289
    • Reimbursable assistance programs, 259–260
  • South Atlantic Defense Organization, proposed, 268n
• Murphy–Galindez disappearance case, 197, 880–881, 883, 886–888, 894–896, 904–905, 909
  • De La Maza suicide and, 885–891, 899–900, 910n
  • Dominican investigation, 890–891, 899–900, 910–911
  • Dominican position, 890–891, 910–911, 915–916
  • Espaillat’s role in, 886, 900–902, 907–908, 911–916
  • Export–Import Bank loan applications, suspension of, 900, 912
  • FBI investigations, 878, 891–892, 896, 900, 911
  • Justice Department investigations, 877–878, 911, 913–914, 916
  • U.S. Congressional interest in, 896–898, 927
  • U.S. courses of action, possible, 898–904, 907–908, 911–912
  • U.S. position, 884–886, 888–895, 915–916
  • U.S. public interest in, 885, 899–900
• Myers, Lawrence, 798–801, 803–808, 842–843
• National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems, 167, 182, 717, 748
• National Intelligence Estimates, 16n, 628n
  • NIE 80/90–55, 16–45
  • NIE 80–57, 628–648
  • NIE 81–57, 752–765
• National Security Council (NSC):
  • Documents:
    • NSC 5432/1, 5, 45, 60–61
      • Progress Reports, 6–13, 46–59
    • NSC 5517/1, 55
    • NSC 5613, 61, 91–100, 114–116, 857
    • NSC 5613/1, 119–137, 869
      • Progress Report, 194–212
    • Meetings:
      • 231st, 596–597
      • 237th, 2–5
      • 240th, 614–618
      • 258th, 13–15
      • 283d, 90–91
      • 296th, 101–113
      • 297th, 116–118
      • 325th, 954–955
• Nationalism, 92, 119, 141
• Naval vessel loan program. See under Military assistance policies, U.S.
• Neal, Jack D., 257n, 310n, 321n, 440n, 441, 619n, 656, 832n, 881, 898
• Nebot Velasco, Jaime, 355
• Newbegin, Robert, 213n, 619n, 656, 796–797, 931–932, 936, 938–940
• Newman, George S., 789n
• Nicaragua (see also Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict):
  • Armed forces, 135, 643–644
  • Costa Rica, possible invasion by, 621–622
  • Economic situation, 424–425, 647–648
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 629, 631, 636, 641
  • Somoza assassination, 625
  • United States, military agreements with, 269
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 131, 218
  • U.S. technical assistance, 338, 348
• Nichols, Clarence W., 528n, 535, 541, 543, 559–563, 826
• Nixon, Richard M.:
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 597, 612, 616
  • Haiti, 937
  • Latin America visit, 6, 53, 382, 587–588, 613n, 614–618
  • Military assistance policies, 14–15
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 818
• Nolan, Charles P., 310n, 321n, 536, 542
• Nolting, Frederick E., Jr., 216, 233, 331n, 789–790, 933
• North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (1950), 659
• Noto, Mario, 859–860
• Nufer, Albert F., 227
• O’Connor, Roderic L., 676n
• Odria y Amoretti, Manuel A., 364
• Office of Defense Mobilization, 849–850
• Ohly, John E., 387–389
• Ohmans, John L., 583n, 594n
• O’Mahoney, Joseph C., 778
• Olin–Mathieson Company, 657, 668, 674
• Otáñez, Col. Enrique, 211
• Oliva, Col. Juan Francisco, 210
• Olney, Warren, III, 913
• Operations Coordinating Board:
  • Functioning of, 1–2
  • Latin America policy review recommendation, 47–48, 60
  • Military assistance policies, 257, 279
    • Naval vessel loan program, 280
  • Outline Plan of Operations Against Communism in Latin America, 61–89
  • Outline Plan of Operations for Latin America, 138–194
  • Progress reports on Latin America policy, 6–13, 46–59, 194–212
  • Working Group on Latin America, 2, 5, 6n, 45, 46n, 61n, 137–138, 194n
• Organization of American States (see also Inter–American Economic and Social Council; OAS Investigating Committee under Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict):
  • Atomic energy development, 459–460, 464–465, 472–473, 476–477, 481, 494–495
  • Collective security activities, 27–28
  • Communism in Latin America, policies re, 64–65
  • Economic activities review. See Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives.
  • Economic Conference. See Buenos Aires Economic Conference.
  • Ecuador–Peru border dispute, 48–49
  • Funding for, 202
  • General Secretary selection, 49, 438
  • Police force, proposed, 290–292
  • U.S. attitude re, 94, 144–145, 458–459
• Organization of Central American States, 203, 619, 625, 639
• Ortega Urbina, Alfonso, 595
• Ortiz Passarelli, Miguel, 210
• Outline Plan of Operations Against Communism in Latin America (OCB paper), 61–89
• Outline Plan of Operations for Latin America (OCB paper), 138–194
• Overby, Andrew N., 246, 257, 304n, 367–368, 399, 459–460, 499–500, 664–665, 678
• Pacheco Coto, Humberto, 621
• Padilla Nervo, Ruiz, 672n, 690, 698, 702, 745, 770, 774
• Pan American Airlines, 706–707, 740–741
• Pan American Congress, 438
• Pan American Sanitary Organization, 458, 481, 494–495
• Pan American Union, 468, 481, 488
• Panama (see also Panama Canal Zone):
  • American Presidents Meeting, 443
  • Armed forces, 643
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 536
  • Canal Zone control issue, 630, 640, 642–643
  • Communism in, 638
  • Economic situation, 425, 645–648
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 585, 615, 637, 642
  • U.S. military assistance, 131
  • U.S. radar sites in, 199
  • U.S. technical assistance, 338, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 164–165
• Panama Canal Zone defense, 106, 110, 290
• Pappano, Albert E., 541–544
• Paraguay:
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 528, 542, 550
  • Economic situation, 425–426
  • Hemisphere defense, 219, 224
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 24
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 201–202, 224
  • U.S. economic assistance, 137, 170, 430
  • U.S. military assistance, 132, 219, 224, 248–249
  • U.S. technical assistance, 336, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 9, 51, 164–165
• Pawley, William D., 897, 902
• Paz Estenssoro, Victor, 35
• Pearson, Norman, 228n, 233
• PEMEX. See under Mexico.
• Pena Aybar, Alberto, 903
• Peralta Azurdia, Col. Enrique, 211
• Pérez Jiménez, Marcos, 5, 585n, 586
• Perón, Juan Domingo, 27, 31, 33, 203, 230, 241
• Peru:
  • Armed forces, 135
  • Border dispute with Ecuador, 13, 48–49, 143–144, 272
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 538, 544, 547, 551
  • Communism in, 85
  • Copper development, 309
  • Economic situation, 22, 29, 31, 426
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 207, 361–362
  • Hemisphere defense, 95
  • IBRD loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Military equipment purchases, non–U.S. sources, 274
  • Political situation, 24, 30
  • Territorial waters, 12
  • United States, agreements with, 54, 173–174, 201–202, 269, 325
  • U.S. economic assistance, 3, 170, 208–209
    • Disaster relief, 378–380
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 132–133, 192–193, 223
    • Equipment sales, 215, 217, 248
    • Expenditures on, 131
    • Force requirements, 135
    • Internal security programs, 203
    • Naval vessel loans, 265, 275, 285
  • U.S. technical assistance, 338, 348
  • U.S. trade policies re, 12, 165–166, 413–414, 429, 532, 568, 824
• Pheiffer, William T., 880–881, 885, 895, 910n
• Philippines, 813
• Phillips, Richard I., 528n
• Pico, Rafael, 528n, 542
• Pierre–Louis, Joseph Nemours, 947, 949–950
• Pike, Thomas P., 880n, 918
• Pittman, Steuart L., 325
• P.L. 480 programs. See Corn purchases under Mexico and under Economic assistance policies, U.S.
• Poage, William R., 822n
• Point IV Program, 685, 833
• Poland, 640, 696, 763
• Political situation in Latin America (see also Communism in Latin America; under individual countries):
  • NIE 80–57, 628–648
  • NIE 80/90–55, 16–45
  • NIE 81–57, 752–765
• Ponce Enríquez, Camilo, 575
• Porter, Charles O., 896–898, 922, 927–928
• Post, Albert, 419–427
• Prat Echaurren, Jorge, 355
• Prebisch, Raúl, 319, 355, 460, 501, 521–523
• President’s Citizen Advisers on the Mutual Security Program (Fairless Committee), 407–409
• Price–Mars, Jean, 949n
• Prio Soccaras, Carlos, 624, 633
  • Revolutionary activities, 820–821, 831–832, 835–836, 837, 855, 859–860, 871
  • State Department contacts with, 850–851, 855
  • U.S. investigation of, 858–864, 868
• Prochnow, Herbert V., 257n, 352n, 372, 405–406
  • Mexico, 698, 715–716, 718n, 727–729, 734
• Prosper, Col. Marcaisse, 947
• Public Roads, U.S. Bureau of, 6n, 310–311, 313
• Radford, Adm. Arthur W., 101n
  • Cuba, 843
  • Latin America visit, 200, 272, 284, 289–293
  • Military assistance policies, 107–112, 284,
    • Equipment sales, 220
    • Force requirements, 286–287
    • Naval vessel loan program, 244
• Radius, Walter A., 352n
• Rama Road, 97, 129, 170
• Ramirez Ulloa, 691
• Ramos, Gen. Matias, 736
• Randall, Clarence B., 327, 513
• Randall, Harold M., 444–449, 453n, 458, 480n, 783
• Ravndal, Christian M., 292–293
• Rayburn, Sam, 321
• Raymond, Col. John M., 914
• Regional trade market proposal. See under Buenos Aires Economic Conference.
• Remón Cantera, Col. Jose Antonio, 615, 620
• Republic Steel Company, 291
• Requena, Andres, 903
• Richards, Arthur L., 275n
• Ridgway, Gen. Matthew B., 220, 230
• Rio Economic Conference (1954), 8, 28, 305, 314–315, 366–368, 500–501, 503, 509, 519, 665
• Rio Protocol, 48, 143–144
• Rio Treaty. See Inter–American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance.
• Robinson, Hamlin, 412
• Rockefeller, Nelson A., 4, 230, 304–305, 327–330, 596–597
• Rockefeller Foundation, 766
• Roderick, George H., 622n
• Rodrigo Gomez, 690
• Rodriguez Adame, 747
• Rogers, William P., 913
• Rojas, Rear Adm. Isaac Francisco, 241
• Rojas Pinilla, Gen. Gustavo, 203
• Romualdi, Serafino, 571–573, 578–580
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., Jr., 878
• Rosenson, Alexander M., 373, 381, 525n, 557n
• Rothschild, Louis S., 311
• Roumain, Col., 960
• Rouse, Wallace, 851
• Rowntree, R. Henry, 360–362
• Rubottom, Roy R., Jr., 922n
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 510, 535, 543–544, 749–750
    • Future conferences, 538–539
    • General Economic Agreement proposal, 502–508, 528, 544–545, 554–555, 573n
    • IFC loans and, 509–510
    • Private investment, 571, 578–580
    • U.S. positions, 513–514
    • U.S. Sub–committee, 498, 513–514
  • Central American University proposal, 626–628
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, 625–626
  • Cuba, 838–840, 870
    • Prio, U.S. investigation of, 850–851, 859n, 858–862, 864n
    • U.S. military assistance, 852–854
  • Dominican Republic (see also Murphy–Galindez disappearance case below), 882n, 916, 924, 928, 930
  • Economic assistance policies:
    • Development Loan Fund, 432–436
    • Future planning, 395–397
    • Latin American complaints, 428–430
    • P.L. 480 programs, 430–431
    • Smathers development fund, 401, 405–407, 410–412
  • Haiti, 947–951, 953–954, 956
  • Inter–American Committee of Presidential Representatives, 444, 453n, 454n
    • Costs of U.S. proposals, 468
    • Proposal agenda, 463
  • Latin America policy, 61
  • Mexico, 741–742, 749–751, 766n
    • Civil aviation agreement, 733n, 743–744
    • Corn purchases (P.L. 480) from the United States, 742–743, 747–748, 767, 772
    • Territorial waters and fishing rights, 731–733
    • U.S. military assistance, 747–748
  • Military assistance policies, 269n, 272–275, 284–285, 292n
    • Force requirements, 286n
    • Mexico, equipment sales to, 747–748
    • Naval vessel loan program, 265n, 275–277, 280n
    • Radford’s visit to South America, 272, 284
  • Murphy–Galindez disappearance case, 886–889, 895–896, 898, 905–910, 913–916
  • Organization of American States, 291
  • Somoza assassination, 625
  • South Atlantic Defense Organization, proposed, 268n
  • Trade policies, 413–414, 750–751
• Ruiz Cortines, Adolfo:
  • Civil aviation agreement, 681–682, 686, 689–690, 700–708, 714, 722–724, 729
  • Chamizal ownership issue, 721
  • Communism in Mexico, 681, 695, 697, 710–711, 720–721
  • Continental Heads of Government meeting, 708–709
  • Cotton production and sales, 713
  • Economic situation in Mexico, 712
  • Eisenhower, meeting with, 710–715
  • Export–Import Bank loans, 722–723, 738
  • Foreign investment, 689, 719, 774–775
  • Government involvement in industry, 657, 669
  • Guatemala policy, 681, 688
  • Loans to railroads, 721–723, 724, 738
  • Migrant labor issue, 688, 713, 715
  • PEMEX, 683, 689, 745
  • Political situation in Mexico, 712, 753, 775
  • Sabalo Company incident, 702, 721, 770
  • Territorial waters and fishing rights, 713–714, 721
  • United States, Mexican relations with, 681, 687–690, 773–776
  • United States visit, 671–672, 685–686, 701–702, 708–715
• Ruiz Galindo, Antonio, 652
• Russell, Dr., 344–346, 403
• Russell, Gerald W., 418n
• Sage, DeWitt L., 333n, 335
• St. Laurent, Louis S., 672n, 702
• Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, 4
• Salazar, Joaquín E., 879, 882n, 900, 908–910, 915–916
• Saltonstall, Leverett, 817–818
• Sanders, Terry B., Jr., 236n, 239n, 242n, 257n, 261n, 289n, 360n, 499n, 509n, 511n, 513n, 528n, 538n, 543n, 545n, 554n
• Santa Cruz, A., 521
• Sauer, Walter C., 373–375, 381, 665
• Sayre, Robert M., 61n, 233, 234n, 239–243, 252–256, 257n, 265n, 269n, 271n, 275n, 280n, 387–389, 395
• Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr., 609n
• Schow, General, 844
• Scott, Walter K., 311n
• Senate, U.S.:
  • Appropriations Committee, 433–434
  • Finance Committee, 827–828, 830–831
  • Foreign Relations Committee, 433
  • General Economic Agreement ratification, possible, 504, 506
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 805–806, 815n, 819–820, 822n, 825n, 827, 828n, 830–831
    • Eisenhower’s meetings with Senators, 778–783, 786–787, 791, 817–819
• Serrano Langlois, Antonio, 523–525
• Sevilla–Sacasa, Guillermo, 475, 625–626
• Shepherd, Gen. Lemuel, 220
• Shields, Robert H., 811, 815
• Silfa, Nicolas, 898, 913
• Simpson, Richard M., 682n
• Smathers, George A., 169n, 389–390, 828n
• Smathers development fund. See under Economic assistance policies, U.S.
• Smith, Bromley, 2n
• Smith, Earl E.T., 845–846, 853–855, 862
• Smith, Gerard C., 465n
• Smith, Marshall M., 456–461, 717
• Snow, William P., 294–295, 434, 525–526, 557–558, 765n, 768–771, 848n, 853n, 858–862, 863n, 927–928, 955
• Solorzano Thompson, Ernesto, 622
• Somoza de Bayle, Luis, 204, 621, 632–633
• Somoza García, Anastasio, 452, 585n, 586n, 593–596, 603–606, 610–611, 616, 620, 622, 625, 636
• South Atlantic defense organization, proposed, 268–269
• South Puerto Rican Sugar Company, 897, 902
• Soviet bloc:
  • Communism in Latin America, funding for, 88
  • Latin American activities, increase in, 17, 27, 55–56, 87–89, 196–197
  • Latin American relations, U.S. policy re, 102
  • Mexico, activities in, 695–696, 764
  • Strategic materials from Latin America, 4, 162–164
  • Trade with Latin America, 29, 34, 47, 74–75, 87–88, 197, 640–641
• Soviet Union:
  • Colombia, relations with, 55
  • Cuban sugar sales, 842–843
  • Information activities, 13
  • Latin America, relations with, proposed expansion of, 46, 55–56
  • Mexico, relations with, 695–696, 764
• Spalding, Francis L., 910, 920–922, 930
• Sparks, Edward J., 213n, 216, 300n, 397, 611–612, 623, 796
• Spencer, George O., 213–217, 789n
• Sprague, Mansfield D., 278–279, 286n, 287, 297–298, 748, 919
• Staats, Elmer B., 138
• Stambaugh, Lynn U., 344–345
• Stassen, Harold E., 4, 14–15, 109, 312–313, 814–815, 935
• Stephansky, Ben S., 929
• Stephens, Richard H., 885, 909–910
• Stevens, Stoddard, 702
• Stewart, C. Allan, 584, 865n, 870n, 872n, 912n, 920, 922–923, 928–929
• Strategic materials:
  • Latin America as source of, 28
  • Soviet bloc purchases in Latin America, 4, 123, 162–164
• Strauss, Lewis L., 879
• Stroessner, Alfredo, 452
• Stuart, R. Douglas, 708–709
• Sturgill, Robert, 228n
• Sugar legislation, U.S., revision of, 9
  • Administration position, 12, 803, 806–808, 817–819
  • Agriculture–State coordination, need for, 779–780, 781
  • Agriculture–State memorandum of understanding, 816–817
  • Agriculture–State negotiations, 786–789, 791–792, 798–801, 809–810
  • Agriculture–State–White House meetings, 801–808, 825–827
  • Congressional actions, 805–806, 815n, 819–820, 822n, 925n, 827, 828n, 830–831
  • Cuban economic situation, possible effects on, 809–811
  • Cuban political situation, possible effects on, 792, 796–798, 823n, 810
  • Cuban rice imports and, 784–785
  • Cuban position, 783–785, 821–822, 829–830, 832, 843
  • Cuban–U.S. negotiations, proposed, 806, 821–822
  • Domestic producers, 777–778, 788, 792–794, 800, 808n
  • Eisenhower–Congressional leaders meetings, 778–783, 786–787, 791, 817–819
  • Foreign Operations Administration position, 814–815
  • State position, 777–779, 782–783, 793–796, 811–812, 814–816, 822–825, 827–828, 830n
• Surinam, 157, 338
• Swing, Gen. J.M., 858–862
• Sylvain, Franck, 950–951
• Talamas, Shibly Jean, 964n
• Taylor, Col. H.W., 905–906
• Taylor, Gen. Maxwell, 294–295, 736
• Technical assistance programs, U.S. (see also technical assistance issues under Buenos Aires Economic Conference; U.S. technical assistance under individual countries), 97–98, 124–125
  • Atomic energy development, promotion of, 171–172, 204, 351, 389
  • Communism, role in fight against, 79–80
  • Criticisms of, 342–343
  • Development planning, 336–339
  • Diversification of, 51–52
  • Expenditures:
    • July 1955–April 1956, 58–59
    • FY 1956, 205–206
  • Fairless Committee report, 407–409
  • Funding:
    • FY 1955, 9
    • FY 1956, 347–349
    • FY 1957, 203, 357
  • Latin America Security Fund, 350–351
  • Military personnel used for, 111–112
  • Objectives of, 177–178, 340, 347–348
  • Plan for FY 1956, 345–346
  • Plan for FY 1957, 346–351, 357–360, 402–405
  • Plan for FY 1958, 387–389
  • Political functions of, 157–158
  • Servicio administration arrangements, 343, 375–376
• Tello Baurraud, Manuel J., 475, 655, 661–663, 684, 706, 736–737, 742–744, 748, 765–767
• Tenth Inter–American Conference, Caracas (1954), 27–28, 64–65, 365, 500, 680–681
• Territorial waters disputes, 12, 57
  • Mexico–U.S., 713–714, 721, 731–733, 736–737, 762, 770
• Texas Eastern Company, 660
• Texas Gulf Sulphur Company, 657
• Thebaud, Fritz, 967
• Thomas, Norman, 877
• Tompkins, General, 863
• Topping, John L., 846n, 865n
• Trabanino, Jose Guillermo, 203, 619
• Trade policies, U.S. (see also Sugar legislation, U.S., revision of; U.S. trade policies under individual countries):
  • Economic stability in Latin America, effect on, 616–617
  • Goals of, 97, 124
  • Import restrictions, 8–9, 51, 57, 88, 102–104, 166, 198
    • Lead and zinc, 12, 413–414, 429–430, 526, 654–655, 682, 750–751, 762, 766–767
  • Import restrictions by Latin American governments, discouragement of, 102–103, 164–165
  • Most–favored–nation status for Latin American countries, 102–104
  • Soviet bloc–Latin American trade, discouragement of, 4, 29, 34, 74–75, 87–88, 162–164, 197
  • Trade missions, 204
• Trade unions. See individual names and Labor movement in Latin America.
• Treasury Department, U.S., 45, 46n, 503–505, 664–665
• Trinidad, 157
• Trujillo Molina, Generalissimo Rafael L., 585n, 617, 634–635, 887, 893–895, 930
• Trujillo Molina, Hector, 635
• Truman, Harry S., 685n
• Turkel, Harry R., 373–374, 381n, 393–394, 419, 444, 853n, 856n
• Twining, Gen. Nathan F., 294–295, 297–298
• United Fruit Company, 9, 41, 635, 646
• United Kingdom, 11, 30, 34, 158, 290–291, 917
• United Mine Workers of America, 203
• United Nations:
  • Latin American support for the United States, 27, 31, 145–146
  • U.S. dependence on Latin American support, 615
• U.N. Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA), 51, 305, 314–317, 319, 332, 449, 460
  • Regional trade market proposal, 521–522, 526, 551, 558, 563, 567
• U.N. Emergency Force, 775
• United States Information Agency (USIA), 50, 61n
• United States Information Service (USIS), 53
• United States Operations Missions (USOMs), 339–344
• Uruguay:
  • Armed forces, 135–136
  • Buenos Aires Economic Conference, 523–524, 528, 535–536, 547, 555, 565
  • Communism in, 50, 85–86
  • Economic situation, 10, 29, 426
  • Hemisphere defense, 95, 268–269
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • IMF quotas and drawings, 428
  • Political situation, 23, 30, 292
  • Social trends, 20
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 87–88, 197
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 269
  • U.S. economic assistance, 170, 427
  • U.S. military assistance, 59, 95, 131–133, 192–193, 217, 237–238, 265, 275
  • U.S. technical assistance, 338, 348, 376–377
• Urzúa Merino, Eduardo, 523–525
• Valvule, Col. Adrien, 955n, 959
• Van Orman, Col. E.G., 843
• Vasconcellos, Amilcar, 523–525
• Venezuela:
  • Armed forces, 290–291
  • Atomic research programs, 7
  • Communism in, 85
  • Costa Rica–Nicaragua conflict, involvement in, 585–586, 590–591, 621
  • Economic situation, 10, 21, 43–45, 52, 426–427
  • Hemisphere defense, 95
  • IADB General Military Plan, 7, 57
  • IBRD–Eximbank loans, 207
  • Political situation, 5, 24, 30–31
  • Soviet bloc, trade with, 197
  • Territorial ambitions, 293
  • Trade restrictions, 9, 12, 51, 165–166
  • United States, agreements with, 173, 174, 182, 204, 215, 285
  • U.S. economic assistance, 427
  • U.S. military assistance, 95, 131–133, 202, 215, 217, 234, 248, 259–260, 263, 264, 285, 292, 254
  • U.S. technical assistance, 345, 348–349, 377
• Vicchi, Adolfo A., 476, 477n
• Viera, Gloria, 903
• Villaveces, Carlos, 355
• Wainhouse, David W., 465n
• Wallich, Henry C., 327, 329–330
• Walters, Lt. Col. Vernon, 710–715
• Wardlaw, Andrew B., 293n
• Warren, Fletcher, 585–586
• Watson, Col. L.H., Jr., 272
• Waugh, Samuel C., 319, 329n, 331n, 352n, 371–372, 400, 405–406, 456–461, 528n, 943–944
  • Export–Import Bank income, 362–364
  • Mexico, 677, 716–717, 718n, 725–726, 733–735, 738–739, 741–742
  • Smathers development fund, 400, 405–406
  • Sugar legislation, revision of, 777–780, 782, 793–796
    • Agriculture Department, negotiations with, 786–789, 791–792, 801–812
• Weeks, Sinclair, 117, 321, 327, 413
• Weiss, Leonard, 825–827
• Werts, Leo, 571–573, 578
• West Indies Sugar Corporation, 902
• Whelan, Thomas E., 586n, 593n
• White, Francis:
  • Mexico, 669
    • Chamizal ownership issue, 721, 722n
    • Civil aviation agreement, 656, 676n, 681–682, 686, 689–690, 701, 703–708, 722–724, 729–730
    • Communism in, 695–697, 720–721
    • Double taxation agreement with the United States, 665
    • Economic situation, 649, 693–694
    • Electrical industry, 669
    • Export–Import Bank loans, 664–665, 677–679, 684, 715–716, 722–724, 733–735, 738–739
    • Foreign investment, 668
    • Government involvement in industry, 666–669
    • Import restrictions, 659, 670–671
    • Migrant labor issue, 694–695, 697–698
    • Mining industry, 669–670
    • PEMEX, 666, 682–683, 691–693
    • Political situation, report on, 687–699
    • Sabalo Company incident, 702, 721, 770
    • Territorial waters and fishing rights, 721
    • U.S.–Mexican relations, report on, 680–686
  • Ruiz Cortines’ visit to the United States, 685–686, 701–702, 709
• Wieland, William A., 850–851, 853n, 860n, 863n, 865n, 870–876, 959
• Wilber, Edward B., 310n
• Williams, John J., 811
• Williams, Philip P., 339–346, 347n, 387n, 395, 406n, 536
• Williams, Walter, 103–105, 311
• Willis, George H., 405, 504, 507–508, 528n
• Wilson, Charles E., 4, 101n, 118, 219n, 222, 591, 848–850
• Wilson, Brig. Gen. James K., Jr., 242
• Windward and Leeward Islands, 157
• Wollam, Park F., 622
• Woodward, Robert F., 581–583, 586–588, 597–599, 606–608, 621
• World Bank. See International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
• World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), 639, 758
• World Labor Federation, 929
• Ydigoras Fuentes, Gen. Miguel, 211
• Young, Charles L., 537, 649n
• Zamor, Col. Emile, 955n, 959
• Zengotita, Juan de, 571
• Zéphirin, Mauclair, 932, 936, 946–948, 949n
• Zinc. See Lead and zinc, U.S. import restrictions on.