Office of the Historian

Index

[Page [838]] [Page 839]
  • Adriatic, armed merchant ship 605–607, 612
  • Æolus, prize ship, landing of crew 659–660
  • African free-trade zone, neutralization:
    • Proposal by Germany 77–78
      • Transmission to Allied powers by U. S 80, 106, 107, 111–112
      • Replies of—
        • France 117
        • Great Britain 134
  • Aircraft:
    • Belligerent, in Panama Canal Zone, rules 555
    • Contraband status 179, 215, 269
  • Alabama claims case:
    • Tenders of warships, treatment in award 592
    • Three rules of treaty of Washington on arming and fitting out belligerent ships 593–594
  • Albania:
    • Difficulties with Greece 88–90
    • Italian landing reported 120
  • Aleppo, Consul Jackson requests protection of American interests 757
  • Alexandria. See Sacramento.
  • Alfred Nobel, meat shipments detained 350–351, 353, 355, 363–365
  • American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, appeal for protection of persons and property in Turkey 769
  • American Commission for Relief in Belgium 814, 815, 819, 821–822
  • American Institute of Architects, appeal for averting destruction of architectural monuments 798, 802
  • American Metal Co., protest against interference with copper shipments 330–331, 355
  • American Mining Congress, protest against interference with copper shipments 283–284
  • American Smelting & Refining Co., protest against interference with copper shipments 330–331, 333
  • American Trade Agency (Rome), protest against interference with cable communications 514
  • American waters, proposed neutralization:
  • Amistà, merchant ship suspected of supplying belligerent warships 626, 629, 631, 638
  • Anderson, Chandler P., special legal adviser to the Embassy in Great Britain 237, 356–357, 425–426
  • Antares, detained neutral ship 363
  • Archbold, Standard Oil tanker detained 363–364
  • Architectural monuments, arrangements to spare, in bombardment of Antwerp 799, 802–804
  • Argentina:
    • Flag, reported desecration in Belgium 682, 703, 710
    • Naturalization of subjects of belligerent states 691, 703
    • Neutral rights, exchange of information with U. S. on defense of 432–435, 438–441
    • Neutralization of American waters, advocacy 437–438, 452
    • Supplying belligerent warships by merchant ships, regulations and practice 683, 690–691, 704
    • Vice Consul at Dinant, execution of 682–683, 690–691, 703–704, 710
    • Warships of belligerents in ports 683
    • Wireless, regulation of 692
  • Armament of merchant ships:
  • Armour & Co., shipments detained 349–352, 363
  • Arms and ammunition. See Munitions of war.
  • Ascot, copper cargo detained 339
  • Asylum in diplomatic and consular premises 749–750
  • “Atrocities”. See Warfare, charges of illegal and inhumane methods.
  • Australia, embargoes on exports 418, 421–424, 426
  • Austria-Hungary:
    • Contraband list 222–223
      • Cotton, assurance against inclusion 293
    • Declaration of London, attitude 217, 218, 267
    • Far East, severance of relations with Japan and participation in defense of Tsingtao 176–177, 180
    • Interests in charge of U. S. in—
    • Mails, censorship 541, 543
    • Mine laying in Adriatic Sea 462
    • War with Servia and the Allied powers:
      • Serajevo assassinations 15n, 22, 107
      • Preparations against Servia 16, 18
      • Ultimatum to Servia 17, 102–103
      • Rejection of Servian reply 18, 103, 107
      • Declaration of war on Servia 19, 103
      • General mobilization 24, 33, 36
      • Uncertainty of relations with Russia 30, 34, 38
      • Hostilities with Servia 32, 33, 64
      • Uncertainty of relations with Great Britain 43, 44, 46
      • Declaration of war on Russia 47, 48
      • Declaration of war on Montenegro 52
      • Severance of relations by France 53, 55
      • Declaration of state of war by Great Britain and France 56, 64–65
      • Declaration of war on Belgium 83
      • Popular dissatisfaction over reverses 152
    • Peace:
      • Agitation for 152
      • Good offices of U. S., reply to offer 49–50
      • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, negotiations with U. S 6n, 7n, 10
  • Avery & Lowry, request for release of hides from embargo 430
  • Barbarossa, suspected of preparation in U. S. port for conversion or for supplying warships at sea 595, 602–603, 615–616
  • Beirut: conditions in, and requests for protection 66–67, 756–757, 763–765, 769–770, 776, 783
  • Belgium:
    • American Legation retained in Brussels 45–47, 49, 65, 67, 69, 73–74, 76
      • Representations against defense of city 74, 86
    • Architectural monuments, arrangements to spare in bombardment of Antwerp 799, 802–804
    • “Atrocities” 87, 792, 794, 795, 799–802
    • Neutrality, violation of:
    • Relief work:
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, negotiations with U. S 6n, 7, 11
    • War with Central powers:
      • German demands rejected 35, 39–40, 41, 42
      • German invasion 35, 40, 94
      • British assurances 40, 41
      • State of war recognized 41, 45, 72
      • Further German proposals rejected 51–53, 82, 97–98
      • Declaration of war by Austria 83
      • German occupation of Brussels and Antwerp 74, 86, 123
      • Severance of relations with Turkey 148
  • Bennett, J. O’D. (correspondent) statement on atrocities in Belgium 800–802
  • Bergensfjord, neutral ship detained 336
  • Berwind, merchant ship supplying belligerent warships 620, 633, 636, 639
  • Birkenfels, German ship captured carrying American cargo 385–386
  • Björnstjerne Björnson, meat shipments detained 350–351, 353, 355, 363–365
  • Bliss, Dr. Howard (pres., American College, Beirut), appeals in behalf of foreigners in Turkey 66, 765, 783, 785
  • Blockade 220, 222, 229, 264–265
  • “Blockade” of the Central powers. See Contraband of war; Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes; Mine laying; North Sea, military area.
  • Boden, A., statement regarding difficulties of cotton exportation 291–292
  • Bombardment. See Architectural monuments.
  • Brazil:
    • Bases of naval operations, measures against maintenance 684
    • Neutralization of American waters, advocacy 435
    • Supplying belligerent warships by merchant ships, regulations and practice 632, 684
    • Transfer of flag of merchant ships, attitude 493, 498
    • Wireless telegraphy, regulation 685
  • Breslau, German cruiser sold to Turkey 62, 67, 70, 75, 111, 118, 120, 767
  • Brindilla (Washington), Standard Oil tanker, flag transferred 325–326
  • “Bryan treaties.” See United States: Treaties for the advancement of general peace.
  • Bulgaria, attitude toward the war 32, 90, 110–111, 126, 155–156
  • Cablegrams, censorship by belligerents:
  • Cables, cutting by belligerents VIII, 503, 672
  • Caloria (Standard), Standard Oil tanker, flag transferred 499–502
  • Campanello, diverted to England with wheat cargo at outbreak of war 304
  • Camperdown, detained with cotton and cottonseed cake cargo 286, 324
  • Cap Trafalgar, German merchant ship converted at sea 620, 633, 639, 683, 684
  • Cape Town, prize court cases 385–386
  • Capitulations:
  • Cardiff, naval preparations 57–58
  • Carlsruhe, warship in wireless communication with U. S. territory 667
  • Carnegie Steel Co., license for manganese refused 420, 429
  • Catherine Elizabeth, armed merchant ship (case cited) 608
  • Censorship. See Cablegrams; Mails.
  • Certificates of identity and registration, consular 721–724
  • Ceylon, embargo on plumbago 427, 428
  • Charles Francis Joseph, Archduke: report on, as heir to Austrian and Hungarian thrones 22–23
  • Chatham. See Montano.
  • Chemical products conference at Washington 411, 414n
  • Chile:
    • Neutrality rules, changes by American states proposed 436–437, 451
      • Comments by Great Britain 693–696
      • Comments by Peru 445
    • Neutralization of American waters, attitude 436
    • Supplying belligerent warships by merchant ships, regulations and attitude 437, 640, 650, 705
    • Warships of belligerents in ports 436–437, 697, 701, 704–705
  • Chilean (Gladstone), merchant ship suspected of intention to supply warships 637, 642, 643, 649–650
  • China (see also Far East, neutralization proposals; Kiaochow; Shantung Railway):
    • Armed forces of U. S., augmentation and use 161–165, 168, 188–189
    • Integrity and independence:
    • Neutrality: violations, protests, declarations of inability to prevent 177, 181, 183, 186–189, 192–201
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, signature with U. S 7
  • Christian Knudsen, detained with oil cargo 335, 439, 441
  • Clan, C. T., Danish commercial negotiator in England 402–403
  • Coaling. See Supplying belligerent warships.
  • Cobb, I. S. (correspondent), statement on atrocities in Belgium 800–802
  • Colombia:
  • Colonies and foreign interests of Germany. See African free-trade zone; Kiaochow; Pacific Islands; Shantung Railway.
  • Communications, interference. See Cablegrams; Cables; Mails.
  • Compañia General Tabacos Filipinos, protest against interference with cablegrams 529
  • Congo Act of 1885. See African free-trade zone, neutralization.
  • Congress. See under United States.
  • Consolidated Metals Co., protest against interference with copper shipments 330–331
  • Continuous voyage doctrine. See under Contraband of war.
  • Contraband of war (see also Munitions of war):
  • Contributions of money to belligerent governments. See Loans.
  • Conversion of merchant ships into warships 594–604, 612, 620, 684
  • Convoy of merchant ships, attitude of U. S. 274
  • Copper:
  • Copper Country Commercial Club, Michigan, protest against interference with copper shipments 279
  • Cork (Ireland), war preparations 58–60
  • Cotton:
  • Cottonseed products:
    • Contraband status 321, 346
    • Interference with shipments 285–286, 321–323
    • Netherlands, acceptance of consignments 387–389
    • United States, protests against interference 322–323
  • Cudahy Packing Co., meat shipments detained 349–350
  • Curtiss Aeroplane Co., cablegrams stopped 519
  • Cushing, Standard Oil tanker detained 363
  • Customs Collectors. See under United States.
  • Dardanelles, closure 113–114
  • Declaration of London:
  • Declaration of Paris (1856) 229
  • Denmark:
  • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes:
  • Dresden, warship in wireless communication with U. S. territory and coaled by merchant ship 633, 639, 667
  • Due diligence, interpretation. 601–603
  • Dumdum bullets:
  • Ecuador:
    • Neutralization of American waters, advocacy 694
    • Proposed declaration of mutual interest in neutrality by American states 689, 694
    • U. S. representations on neutrality 686–689, 702–703, 708–709
    • Warships of belligerents, alleged use of Galápagos Islands as base 686, 688, 694–695, 701, 706
    • Wireless telegraphy, alleged unneutral use 695, 702
  • Egypt:
    • Bedouin incursions 125–126, 136–137, 153
    • Military control assumed by Great Britain 128–129, 144–145
    • Proclamation of Hussein as Sultan 150–151, 153
    • Protectorate announced by Great Britain 153
    • War measures, adoption of 49, 56, 84–85
  • Ellen , detained and cargo placed in prize court 370, 382
  • Embargoes on exports:
  • Empress Elizabeth, Austrian warship at Tsingtao 176–177
  • English & O’Brien, request for release of wool from embargo 423
  • Enlistment in belligerent forces 548, 561–563, 582
  • Epirus, question between Albania and Greece 88–90
  • Essex, warship hovering off American port 590, 593, 658, 662
  • Evelyn, merchant ship suspected of supplying warships 632
  • F. B. Dalzell, tug accused of supplying warship 590, 593, 658, 662
  • Far East, neutralization proposals:
    • Chinese suggestions 162–163
      • Attitude of U.S 163
    • Discussion by U. S. and Great Britain 165–167
      • Attitude of Great Britain 166
    • Suggestion by German Ambassador in Japan 166
    • Inquiry addressed to Germany by U. S 167
    • German proposal 169–170
    • Advocacy by U. S. of neutrality of international settlements 189
  • Far East, war in. See under Germany; Great Britain; Japan; also Kiaochow; Pacific Islands; Shantung Railway.
  • Flag:
  • Fletcher, D. U. (U. S. Senator), request to secure shipment of naval stores 297–298
  • Foodstuffs:
  • Fore River Co., agrees not to build submarines for belligerents 578
  • France:
    • African free-trade zone, attitude toward proposed neutralization 117
    • American Embassy retained in Paris 79, 83, 84, 86, 100
    • Atrocities, protest against German 794
    • Belgian neutrality, protests against violation by Germany 55, 113
    • Belgian relief, attitude 814–816, 820
    • Cablegrams, censorship 503, 507, 517–518, 522–523, 529–530
    • Civilians charged with participating in hostilities 791–792
    • Contraband lists 222, 236, 260, 270
      • Cotton, assurance against inclusion 293
    • Declaration of London, attitude toward recognition 222
    • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes, rules 222, 260
    • Dumdum bullets, alleged use of 794
    • Embargoes on exports 421, 425, 427, 428, 431
    • Hospital supplies, attitude toward exemption from seizure 836
    • Interests in charge of U. S. in—
    • Liberian neutrality, assurance of respect 712
    • Mine laying 462
    • Peace:
      • Agreement against separate peace 99, 101
      • Efforts to preserve 20, 48
      • Good offices of U. S., attitude 30, 48, 101
      • Overtures by Germany reported 132
    • Prize procedure 317
    • Red Cross ship, assurances 826–827, 829
    • Supplying belligerent warships by merchant ships, protests 618, 621
    • Transfer of flag of merchant ships, attitude 485, 489, 490–492, 500
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, conclusion with U. S. 3–7
    • Turkish threat of reprisals, reply 783–784
    • U. S. naval forces in Turkish waters, attitude 761
    • War with Central powers:
      • Attitude in the crisis 18, 20, 25
      • German ultimatum 25, 93
      • Mobilization 25, 28, 29
      • Hostilities reported 33, 40, 54–55, 92–93
      • Declaration of war by Germany 40, 54, 113
      • Severance of relations with Austria 53, 55
      • Declaration of state of war with Austria 64–65
      • Removal of Government from Paris 79, 84, 86
      • Severance of relations with Turkey 127–128, 137–138
    • Wireless telegraphy, representations regarding regulation in—
  • Francis Ferdinand (Archduke), assassination 15n, 17, 22, 107–108
  • Francis Joseph (Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary), reply to President Wilson’s offer of good offices 50
  • Francisco, copper cargo requisitioned 362
  • Frederick, cotton cargo detained by Denmark 401
  • Fridland, meat shipments detained 350, 351, 353, 355, 363–365
  • Galápagos Islands. See Ecuador: Warships. Galveston Cotton Exchange, inquiries and protests 285–286, 369–370, 521, 522, 525
  • Gary, E. H., appeal for ships for repatriation of Americans 474
  • Geier, warship interned XIII, 583–591, 635
  • Geneva Convention (1906) 805, 824
  • George V (King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, etc.), reply to President Wilson’s offer of good offices for peace 50
  • Germany:
    • African free-trade zone, neutralization proposal 77–78, 106, 111–112
    • Architectural monuments, arrangements to spare in bombardment of Antwerp 799, 802–804
    • Armament of merchant ships, attitude 594, 603, 605, 613
    • Belgian relief, attitude 810–812, 816–818, 823
    • Belgium, defense of invasion 40, 42, 61, 94, 97–98
    • Contraband lists 216, 266, 268
      • Cotton, assurance against inclusion 291
    • Conversion of merchant ships into warships, attitude and practice 594, 598–600, 607, 620, 684
    • Cotton, desire for shipments 392, 402
      • Efforts to secure exchange for chemicals 411, 413, 415–416
    • Declaration of London, attitude 216, 218, 221, 224–225, 263–265
    • Destruction of prizes at sea 318, 319, 330, 336, 343, 345
    • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes, protests against 221, 225, 264–265, 362, 468–469
    • Embargoes on exports 92, 406–417, 460
    • Far East, war in:
      • Neutralization proposal 169–170
      • Retrocession of Kiaochow discussed by Minister in China 172–173
      • Japanese ultimatum and declaration of war 170, 174–175, 179
      • Defense and fall of Tsingtao 177, 190
      • Inquiry about nationals in China outside leased area 177–179
      • Enemy occupation of Shantung Railway 181–183
        • Protest of directors 201–202
      • Enemy occupation of Pacific Islands 183–186, 190–194
    • Hospital supplies, attitude toward exemption from seizure 835–836
    • Interests in charge of U.S. in—
    • Liberian neutrality, assurance of respect 712
    • Mails, censorship 541
    • Mine laying 454, 460, 463, 469–470
    • Peace:
      • Efforts to preserve. 16, 21, 60–61, 92
      • Good offices of U. S., attitude 60–61, 95, 98–99, 102, 104
      • Overtures to France reported 132
      • Terms, opinion of Ambassador Gerard 105
    • Prize procedure 330, 336, 343–345, 348
    • Red Cross ship, assurances 829
    • Sale of munitions by neutrals, attitude X–XI, 572–575, 578, 647
    • South America, denial of aggressive intentions oward 87–88
    • Supplying belligerent warships by merchant ships, attitude 588, 590, 646–647, 653, 658
    • Transfer of flag of merchant ships, attitude 502
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, negotiations with U. S 3–4, 6, 7n, 8–9
    • Turkish treatment of foreigners, attitude 775, 788
      • Representations of U. S. 786, 789
    • U. S. naval forces in Turkish waters, attitude 760, 767
    • War with Allied powers:
      • Efforts to avert 16, 21, 61
      • Effect of Russian mobilization 17, 23, 61
      • Ultimatum to France 25, 92
      • Ultimatum to Russia 27, 92
      • Reported overtures to Sweden 27, 44, 88
      • Declaration of war on Russia 28, 32, 33, 92
      • Mobilization 30, 92, 96
      • Invasion of Luxemburg 32, 92
      • Hostilities reported with France 33, 40, 54–55, 92–93
      • Demands upon Belgium 35, 39–40, 41, 42
      • Invasion of Belgium 35, 40, 94
      • Declaration of war on France 40, 54, 113
      • Efforts for British neutrality 42, 44, 60–61
      • British ultimatum and declaration of state of war 43, 44, 93
      • Proposals to Belgium 51–53, 82, 97–98
      • Policy in Turkey 62, 75, 79–80, 84, 104, 118, 121, 136–137
    • Warfare, charges of illegal and inhumane methods:
    • Wireless telegraphy, representations to U. S. regarding use 669, 671, 673, 676, 677–678
  • Gibraltar, garrison mobilized 20
  • Gladstone. See Chilean.
  • Goeben, German cruiser sold to Turkey 62, 67, 70, 79, 118, 120, 159
  • Good offices. See African free-trade zone; Liberia; Peace; Persia.
  • Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., request to secure relaxation of rubber embargo 420
  • Grain. See Foodstuffs.
  • Grain Export and Foreign Exchange Conference, resolutions 306
  • Grand Trunk Railway, inquiry regarding transit of contraband 576
  • Great Britain:
  • Great Northern Steamship Co., inquiry about transportation of reservists 559–560
  • Greece:
    • Attitude toward the war 32, 63, 69, 88–91, 115
    • Epirus question 88–90
    • Peace, attitude on good offices 78
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, negotiations with U. S 3, 6n, 68
  • Greenville (Miss.) Chamber of Commerce, protest against interference with shipments of cottonseed products 321–322
  • Grey & Co., wood alcohol seized 319–320, 328
  • Guatemala, suggestion of American cooperation for peace 53
  • Guaymas, alleged use as coaling station for German warships 628
  • Guiana, British, mobilization 56–57
  • Hague conventions cited:
    • I: 1899, 1907 (pacific settlement of international disputes) 42
    • II, 1899; IV, 1907 (laws and customs of war on land) 802–803, 807
    • III, 1899; X, 1907 (adaptation to maritime warfare of the principles of the Geneva Convention) 826–827
    • III, 1907 (opening of hostilities) 19, 113
    • V, 1907 (rights and duties of neutral powers and persons in case of war on land) 72, 113, 566, 647, 673, 677, 713
    • VIII, 1907 (laying of mines) 453, 456, 458, 461
    • XI, 1907 (restrictions with regard to the right of capture in naval war) 476, 479, 482, 484
    • XII, 1907 (international prize court) 227
    • XIII, 1907 (rights and duties of neutral powers in naval war) 436, 583, 584, 594, 599, 601, 647, 648, 683, 704.
  • Hamburg. See Red Cross.
  • Hansen, Harry (correspondent), statement on atrocities in Belgium 800–802
  • Harbison-Walker Refractories Co., request for release of chrome ore from embargo 421
  • Harris Irby Cotton Co., protest against interference with shipments 288
  • Hayden, J. H., representing submarine manufacturers 577
  • Heller & Merz, request for release of dyes 415
  • Hellig Olav, cotton cargo detained by Denmark 401
  • Hitchcock, G. M. (U. S. Senator), resolution against export of munitions 578–579
  • Hizen, Japanese warship hovering off Honolulu XI, 583, 659–662
  • Holland. See Netherlands.
  • Holland-America Line, conditions on acceptance of shipments 318, 320–322, 387–389, 391, 396, 397
  • Honolulu. See Hizen.
  • Hoover, Herbert (chairman, International Commission for Relief in Belgium) 814–815, 817
  • Hopkinsville Tobacco Board of Trade, request for assurances regarding shipments 301–302
  • Hospital supplies, exemption from seizure 831–832, 835–836
  • Hostages 780–789
  • Hovering:
  • Howard, Daniel (President of Liberia), representations regarding French demands 713
  • Howe, G. W., & Co., lumber shipment detained 381
  • Idaho, copper cargo requisitioned 362
  • India, embargo on manganese 418, 419, 420
  • Indian Prince, prize with neutral cargo destroyed at sea 318
  • Insurance, difficulties regarding 272–273, 286, 288, 289, 292, 306n, 324, 466.
  • Insurance Co. of North America, request for information on rights of neutral trade 272
  • Interests of belligerents, protection. See Representation of belligerent governments in enemy countries.
  • International Commission for Relief in Belgium 814, 819, 823
  • Internment (see also Prisoners of war and interned civilians):
  • Interparliamentary Union (Belgian Group), appeal for aid of neutral countries in safeguarding Belgian neutrality 36
  • Italy:
  • Jackson, J. B. (U. S. Special Agent), inspection of prison camps XIII
  • Jaffa, request for U. S. naval forces 757
  • Jaluit Island. See Pacific Islands of Germany.
  • Jamaica, mobilization 21
  • Japan:
    • Agreement reported with Russia and Great Britain on Kiaochow and Manchuria 164–165
    • Austria-Hungary, severance of relations 176–177, 180
    • Contraband list 179
    • Germans in neutral China, denial of intention to expel 178
    • Germany, war with:
    • Great Britain, relations 165, 168, 170–171, 182, 184–186, 195, 200, 205, 208–210.
    • Hovering by Japanese warships 659–662
    • Interests in charge of U. S. in—
    • Manchuria and Mongolia, intentions regarding 164, 169, 203, 207
    • Occupation and statements of policy regarding—
    • Operations in Europe, question of participation in 203
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, negotiations with U. S. 10–11
    • U. S. declaration regarding Kiaochow and the status of China 172–173
  • Jerusalem, conditions and requests of American Jewish community 758
  • John D. Rockefeller, Standard Oil tanker detained 297, 324, 439
  • Kahn, Julius (U. S. Congressman), request for raising Australian embargo on meats 418
  • Kansas City Board of Trade, request for assurances for grain exports 271
  • Kiaochow-Tsingtao:
    • Reported agreement of Japan, Russia, and Great Britain 164–165
    • Japanese preparations for seizure 164–169, 184–185
    • Ultimatum to Germany (pledge of restitution to China) 170–171
    • Statement by U. S 172–173
    • Proposed retrocession by Germany 172–174
      • Attitude of China 173–174
      • Attitude of U. S 174
    • Japanese declaration of war 174–175, 179
    • Operations and capture 177, 190
    • Participation in defense by Austria-Hungary 177
    • Japanese policy regarding administration and restitution 202–204, 206–210
      • Attitude of Great Britain 205
  • Kim, meat shipments detained 350, 363
  • Kirby Lumber Co., protest against interference with code cablegrams for Porto Rico 503, 505
  • Kronprinz Wilhelm, conversion in American port 594, 603, 684
  • Kronprinzessin Cecilie, return to American port with gold shipment 92, 328
  • Kroonland, detention with copper shipments 330, 333–335, 337, 344, 354, 440
  • Kursk, diverted to England with wheat cargo at outbreak of war 304
  • Lancaster, warship hovering off American port 657, 658
  • Latakia, conditions and request for protection of American interests 770
  • Lavino, E. J., & Co., request for release of chrome ore from embargo 421
  • Leipzig, warship in communication with American port and supplied by merchant ship 616, 624, 628, 641, 655
  • L’Engle, E. J., request for assurances for shipments of naval stores 298
  • Lewis, Roger (correspondent), statement on atrocities in Belgium 800–802
  • Liberia:
    • Neutrality:
      • Appeals for good offices of U. S. in maintaining 711, 713, 716
      • Recommendations of U. S 712, 713–714, 718
      • Representations by U. S. to belligerents 712, 714–715
      • Respect assured by—
    • Wireless telegraphy, regulation demanded by Allies 713, 715–717
    • Wireless stations closed 717
  • Loans and contributions to belligerent governments XII, 580–583
  • Locksun, tender of warship, interned XIII, 584, 586–590, 592, 593, 635, 636
  • Lowther Range, seizure with coal cargo 628
  • Luxemburg, violation of neutrality by Germany 32, 55, 80, 92, 113
  • Macedonian question 90–91, 154, 156
  • Mails, censorship by belligerents:
  • Mallina, treated as tender of warship in Panama 652–654
  • Malmö Conference (Scandinavian Monarchs) 151, 159–161
  • Manchuria and Mongolia, intentions of Japan 164, 169, 203, 207
  • Manifests of cargo:
  • Marshall Archipelago. See Pacific Islands.
  • Matanzas, chartered for transportation of chemical products from Germany 414–417
  • Mazatlan, merchant ship accused of supplying belligerent warships 616–618, 623, 624, 641, 645
  • McCutcheon, J. T. (correspondent), statement on atrocities in Belgium 800–802
  • Meat products. See Foodstuffs.
  • Mediation. See Peace: Good offices and mediation.
  • Merchant ships. See Armament; Conversion; Detention and seizure; Reservists, transport; Supplying belligerent warships; Transfer of flag; Unneutral service.
  • Merion, armed merchant ship 605–607, 612
  • Mersina, conditions and request for protection of American interests 766–767
  • Metz, H. A. (U. S. Congressman), requests for aid in obtaining German dyes and shipping cotton 406–407, 415
  • Military forces, belligerent. See Enlistment; Reservists.
  • Milmine, Bodman & Co., protest against interference with grain shipments 304
  • Mine laying:
  • Miramichi, judgment for claimants of wheat seized at outbreak of war 336–338, 367–368
  • Missionaries in Turkey:
    • Protection requested 769–770
    • U. S. representations to Turkey 771
    • Withdrawal recommended 777–778
  • Mobilization. See under Individual belligerent countries: War.
  • Montana, Governor protests against interference with copper shipments 280
  • Montano (Chatham), Standard Oil tanker, flag transferred 499–501
  • Montenegro, declaration of war by Austria 52
  • Morgan & Co., statement to, on loans to belligerent governments 580
  • Morris & Co., meat shipments detained 349–350, 355, 363
  • Muir & Co., protest against interference with grain shipments 336–337
  • Munitions of war:
  • National Association of Wool Manufacturers, protest against Australian embargo 419
  • National Electrolytic Co., request for release of chrome ore from embargo 427
  • Natural Products Refining Co., request for release of chrome ore from embargo 421, 425, 427
  • Naval stores (turpentine and rosin):
  • Naval war zone. See North Sea.
  • Nereide, armed merchant ship (case cited) 608
  • Netherlands:
  • Neutral cargoes (see also Detention and seizure):
  • Neutral ports:
  • Neutral states, cooperation:
    • American waters, proposed neutralization:
    • Argentina, exchange of information with U. S. regarding neutral rights 432–435, 438–441
    • Chile, proposed changes in neutrality rules 436–437
      • Comments of Peru 445
    • Ecuador, proposed declaration of mutual interest in neutrality by American states 689, 694
    • Scandinavian states:
      • Identic protests to belligerents 360–361
      • Joint action sought with U. S 465, 473
      • Malmö conference 151, 159–161
      • Mutual assurances of neutrality 52, 60
    • Switzerland, joint action with U. S. against interference with cablegrams 515–517, 528
    • United States, attitude 432, 435, 450–453, 466, 473–474, 516–517, 528.
    • Venezuela, proposal of neutral league 447–450
  • Neutral territory, violation. See under Belgium; China; Luxemburg; Persia.
  • Neutral trade, rights. See Contraband of war; Declaration of London; Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes; Neutral cargoes.
  • Neutrality, declaration by:-
  • Neutralization proposals. See African free-trade zone; American waters; Far East.
  • New Caledonia, embargo on chrome ore 421, 425, 427–429, 431
  • New Orleans Cotton Exchange, protest against interference with cablegrams 524–526
  • New York Chamber of Commerce, protest against interference with cotton shipments 287
  • New York Coffee Exchange, protest against destruction of cargoes at sea 318–319
  • Nicholas II(Emperor of Russia), reply to President Wilson’s offer of good offices for peace 78–79
  • Nieuw Amsterdam, neutral ship detained 320
  • Noordam, reported interference with mail aboard 533, 534
  • North American Export Grain Association, protest against interference with shipments 304
  • North Carolina, American warship in Turkish waters 762, 768–770
  • North Sea, military area declared by Great Britain 464, 466
    • Scandinavian countries’ protests 465–466, 472
    • United States, attitude 466, 473–474
  • Norway:
    • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes, protest 360–361
    • Embargoes (reexport of contraband) 35, 341, 345, 356, 400–401
    • Mine laying, protest to belligerents 361
    • Neutrality 34–35, 52, 60, 151, 159–161
    • North Sea, protest against closure by Great Britain 465, 466, 472
  • Nürnberg, warship hovering off American port 655
  • Ogden Publicity Bureau, protest against interference with copper shipments 280
  • Oil:
  • Olson and Mahony, merchant ship suspected of intention to supply warships 637–639
  • Owen, R. L. (U. S. Senator), request for assurances for export of cotton 284
  • Pacific Islands of Germany, Japanese occupation 183–186, 190–191, 208–210
    • Attitude of Great Britain 185–186, 205
    • Attitude of United States 209
  • “Packers’ cases” (see also Foodstuffs) 349–356, 363–366
  • Pact of London against separate peace 99, 101
  • Pan American Union:
    • Peace resolution 118–119
    • Reference to, of proposals for joint action in maintenance of neutral rights and duties 437–438, 443–444, 447, 450–452
  • Panama, protocol of agreement with U. S. on neutrality 556
  • Panama Canal and Canal Zone:
  • Passports and consular certificates:
    • Certificates of identity and registration 721–724
    • Declarants, status 722, 723–724
      • In countries of origin 724
      • Wives 724
    • Emergency passports authorized 721–723
      • Regulations, Dec. 21 728–731
    • Fraudulent obtainment XII, 730
    • Identification of applicants 722–723, 725–726, 728–730
    • Minor children born in U. S., status 727–728
    • Photographs required 729
    • Rules for issuance in U. S., Nov. 13 724–727
    • Specification of countries visited and objects 724–725, 729–730
  • Peace (see also United States: Treaties for the advancement of general peace):
    • Agitation in Austria-Hungary 152
    • Agreement of Allies not to negotiate separately 99, 101
    • Efforts to preserve:
    • Good offices and mediation:
      • Early suggestions for offer by U. S 18–20, 24–25, 29, 30
      • Attitude of Great Britain 20, 24–25, 37
      • Offer by the President 42
      • Replies of—
      • Suggestion of Guatemala 53
      • Attitude of Italy 54, 144
      • Attitude of Greece 78
      • Germany’s readiness intimated by Ambassador Bernstorff to Mr. Straus 98–99
      • Attitude of Great Britain 100–101
      • Attitude of France 101
      • Attitude of German Govment 102, 104
      • Spanish proposals for joint offer 63–64, 70–71, 117, 146–147
      • Venezuelan suggestions 119, 450 Swiss proposal of joint offer 130–131
      • Netherland unofficial suggestion 146
    • Overtures by Germany to France reported 132
    • Pan American Union appeal 118–119
    • Terms:
      • British, opinion of Ambassador Page 100, 132
      • German, opinion of Ambassador Gerard 105
    • United States, day of prayer 118
  • Persia:
    • Protection of German interests by U. S 745, 749
    • Neutrality and request for good offices of U. S. in preserving 129–130, 149
  • Perth Amboy Board of Trade, protest against interference with copper shipments 268–269
  • Peru: [Page 855]
    • Neutralization of American waters, advocacy 434, 443, 445–446
    • Supplying belligerent warships in neutral ports, attitude 446
  • Petroleum. See Oil.
  • Pisa, German merchant ship suspected of intention to supply warships 610
  • Platuria, Standard Oil tanker detained 324–326, 335, 439, 441
  • Poincaré, Raymond (President of France):
    • Remarks to Ambassador Herrick on transfer of Government from Paris 86
    • Reply to German protest against methods of warfare 794
    • Reply to President Wilson’s offer of good offices for peace 42
  • Porto Rico, cable communication with U.S. obstructed 503–505
  • Portugal, attitude toward the war 76–77, 116, 123, 125, 133, 134, 135, 151–152, 156–157
  • Potsdam, detained with oil cake shipment 387
  • Prisoners of war and interned civilians, activities of U. S. regarding treatment XIII, 751–756, 781, 785–791
  • Prize procedure:
  • Prizes:
  • Protesilaus, use of wireless in neutral waters 654
  • Radio. See Wireless telegraphy.
  • Recruiting. See Enlistment; Reservists.
  • Red Cross:
    • American units offered to belligerents 824
    • Ship chartered, arrangements 825–831
    • Supplies sent to belligerent countries 833
  • Red Cross (Hamburg), transportation of units and supplies 825–831
  • Regina d’Italia, copper shipments seized 330, 334, 335, 337, 339, 342–344
  • Registry of ships, transfer. See Flag: Transfer.
  • Relief. See under Belgium; Prisoners of war.
  • Remington Arms-Union Metallic Cartridge Co., denial of sale of dumdum bullets to British XI, 809
  • Repatriation of Americans in Europe, proposed use of German and Austrian ships 474–485
  • Representation of belligerent governments in enemy countries:
  • Reservists of belligerent forces:
  • Riopasig, merchant ship supplying belligerent warships 621–622
  • Robert Dollar, transfer from British to American flag 492–499, 501
  • Root-Takahira exchange of notes, 1908, on intervention in China 172, 187, 190
  • Rosenthal Brothers, request for release of wool from embargo 423
  • Rotterdam, detained neutral ship 316, 320, 387
  • Rubber:
  • Russia:
    • Agreement denied with Japan and Great Britain on Manchuria and Kiaochow 164–165
    • Declaration of London, attitude 217, 220
    • Hospital supplies, attitude toward exemption from seizure 835
    • Mails, censorship 543
    • Mine laying 465
    • Peace:
      • Agreement against separate peace 99, 101
      • Efforts to preserve 38, 78
      • Good offices of U. S., reply to offer 45, 78–79
    • Red Cross ship, attitude 830
    • Transfer of flag of merchant ships, attitude 492
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, conclusion with U. S 7n, 8
    • U. S. naval forces in Turkish waters, attitude 761
    • War with Central powers:
      • Attitude toward Austro-Servian conflict 15, 17, 18, 27
      • Mobilization 15, 17, 20, 26, 27, 31, 39, 61, 114
      • German ultimatum rejected 27, 92
      • Declaration of war by Germany 28, 32, 33, 34, 92
      • Uncertainty of relations with Austria 30, 34, 38
      • Declaration of war by Austria 47, 48
      • Policy regarding Turkey 75, 104, 120
      • Bombardment of Odessa by Turkish ships 126, 137
      • Severance of relations with Turkey 127–128, 137–138
      • Negotiations with Bulgaria and Servia 154
  • Ryndam, detained neutral ship 320, 388
  • Sacramento (Alexandria), transfer to American flag and supplying warships 622, 625, 627, 634, 640, 643–644, 650, 701
  • Safe conduct for Belgian relief ships 819, 823–824
  • San Giovanni, copper shipments seized 330, 334, 335, 337, 344
  • Sandefjord , neutral ship detained 370, 382
  • Schneefels, prize ship completing voyage with neutral cargo 386–387
  • Schwab, C. H., agreement not to build submarines for belligerents 578
  • Scorpion, American warship stationed at Constantinople 62, 757, 758, 760
  • Scott, R. E., enlistment in French army 561–563
  • Senate. See United States: Congress.
  • Serajevo assassinations 15n, 17, 22, 108–109
  • Servia:
    • Mails, censorship 543
    • War with Central Powers:
      • Serajevo assassinations 22, 107
      • Austrian ultimatum 17, 102–103
      • Reply 18, 103
      • Mobilization 18, 108
      • Declaration of war by Austria 19, 103
      • Hostilities 32, 33, 64
      • Notification of annulment of treaties with Turkey 141–142
      • Negotiations with Russia regarding cessions to Bulgaria 154
  • Shantung Railway, occupation by Japan 181–183, 191–202, 207
  • Sif, copper shipments detained 355, 363
  • Sigrun, neutral ship and cargo detained 355, 363
  • Silk Dyers’ Mutual Protective Association, request for aid in securing German dyes 408
  • Silver City (N. Mex.) Chamber of Commerce, protest against interference with copper shipments 280–281
  • Sloterdyk, neutral ship detained with copper cargo 316
  • Smyrna, conditions and requests for protection of American interests 66–67, 758, 762–763, 768, 779, 780–781
  • Spain:
    • Hospital supplies, proposal to exempt from seizure 831
    • Neutrality 63–64, 71, 135–136
    • Peace, proposals to U. S. for joint offer of good offices 63–64, 70–71, 117, 146–147
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, conclusion with U. S 6n, 7, 71
  • Spencer Kellogg & Sons, oil cake shipment accepted by Netherlands 322, 388
  • Spenser, diverted to England with wheat cargo at outbreak of war 304
  • Standard. See Caloria. Standard Oil Co.:
    • Detention of ships, protests 324–326, 363–364, 439
    • Illuminating oil, discussion of contraband status 294–297
    • Transfer of ships from German to American flag, discussion 486–489
      • British and French protests 499–500
      • Question waived 326, 329
  • Stewart, Rev. J. S. (missionary in Turkey), request for aid and protection 770
  • Stone, W. J. (Chairman, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations), correspondence on neutrality VI–XIV
  • Straits Settlements, embargo on rubber 422
  • Straus, Oscar, conversation with German Ambassador on peace 98–99
  • Strinda, detained with meat shipments 350
  • Sturmfels, German ship with neutral cargo, proposed safe conduct between neutral ports 383–384
  • Submarines, sale to belligerents in sections 577, 578
  • Suffolk, warship hovering off American port 657, 658
  • Sulzberger & Sons, meat shipments detained 349–350, 355
  • Supplying belligerent warships:
  • Sweden:
    • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes, protest 360–361
    • Embargoes on reexport of contraband 323, 341, 345, 356, 359
    • Mine laying 454
      • Protest to belligerents 361
    • Neutrality 31, 52, 60, 151, 159–161
      • German overtures for aid 27, 44, 88
    • North Sea, protests against closure by Great Britain 465, 466, 472
    • Treaty for the advancement of general peace, conclusion with U. S 7–8
  • Swift & Co., meat shipments detained 349–350, 355, 363, 366
  • Switzerland:
    • Cablegrams, protests against interference 513–516, 528
    • Imports, request for aid in securing transit across Italy 394
    • Peace, proposal to U. S. of joint good offices 130–131
  • Tellus, detained with neutral cargo 370, 382
  • Tenders of warships 586–590, 592–593, 653–654
  • Teneriffe Steel Co., license for manganese refused 429
  • Tennessee (American warship):
  • Territorial waters:
    • Italian six-mile rule 664–665
    • United States, attitude 665–667
    • Uruguayan five-mile rule 664n
  • Threefoot Bros. & Co., protest against interference with cablegrams 527
  • Tobacco:
    • Contraband status 302
      • British assurance against inclusion 303
    • Interference with shipments 302–303
    • United States, protest against interference 303
  • Toronto, copper cargo seized 362
  • Transfer of flag of merchant ships, belligerent to neutral:
  • Treaties for the advancement of general peace. See under United States.
  • Treaty of Washington, 1871, rules on arming and fitting out belligerent ships 593–594
  • Tremeadow, British collier at Panama 653
  • Triton, cotton shipments detained by Denmark 402
  • Tsingtao, See Kiaochow. Tuckerton Radio Station taken over by Navy Dept., rules of operation 678–679
  • Turkey:
  • Turpentine. See Naval stores.
  • Tyr, copper and rubber shipments detained 355, 363
  • Uller, detained with cotton cargo 346–347, 348
  • Ultimate destination. See Contraband of war: Continuous voyage.
  • Union Metallic Cartridge Co. See Remington Arms-U. M. C. Co.
  • United Metals Selling Co., protests against interference with copper shipments 330–331, 333
  • United States:
  • United States Chamber of Commerce, protests against interference with trade and communications 281–282, 300–301, 523–524
  • United States Steel Products Co., requests for release of manganese from embargo, refusal of licenses 418–419, 421–422, 429
  • Unneutral service by merchant ships 559–560, 634, 639–640, 641–642, 650–651, 655–656
  • Unneutral service by wireless installations VIII, 655–656, 668, 671–672, 678–681, 682, 685
  • Uruguay:
    • Territorial waters, five-mile rule 664n
    • Wireless telegraphy, regulation 691–692
  • Van Leer, cotton cargo detained by Denmark 401
  • Vaterland, merchant ship accused of intention to convert into warship 481, 595, 609–610
  • Venezuela:
    • Neutral league proposal 447–450
    • Peace proposals 119, 450
  • Viereck, G. S., protest against interference with mail 533–535
  • Viking, proposed transfer of registry 476
  • Visit and search insisted upon by U. S. (See also Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes) 334, 340, 344, 349, 354, 374–375
  • War, beginnings and developments. See under individual belligerent countries.
  • War Risk Insurance. See Insurance.
  • Warfare, charges of illegal and inhumane methods:
  • Warships, belligerent. See under Internment; Neutral ports; also Hovering; Supplying.
  • Washburn-Crosby Co., protest against interference with cablegrams 509
  • Washington. See Brindilla.
  • Weihaiwei, British naval concentration 21
  • Western Union Telegraph Co., protest against interference with cablegrams 503–505, 520
  • Wichita Mill & Elevator Co., request for assurances for grain shipments 273–274
  • Wilhelm II (German Emperor):
    • Protest against enemies’ methods of warfare 794
    • Reply to President Wilson’s offer of good offices for peace 60–61
  • Williams, J. S. (U. S. Senator), request for assurances for shipments of cottonseed cake 321
  • Wilson, Woodrow (President):
    • Appeal to citizens for neutrality 551–552
    • Offer of good offices for peace 42
    • Remarks to Belgian Commission 796
    • Reply to French President’s protest against German methods of warfare 798
    • Reply to German Emperor’s protest against Allies’ methods of warfare 797
    • Telegram to Ambassador in Great Britain on Declaration of London controversy 252–253
  • Winchester Repeating Arms Co., denial of sale of “riot guns” and cartridges to British XI, 808
  • Wireless telegraphy: