Index
Note: In this index, the Republic of Vietnam is listed as Vietnam (RVN) or RVN; the Democratic People’s Republic of Vietnam is listed as Vietnam (DRV) or DRV.
- Agency for International Development (AID), 260, 261, 382, 387
- Agricultural situation in Vietnam, 52, 501–502
- Aiken, George, 617, 619, 621
- Air Force, RVN, aircraft upgrades for, 163, 203–204, 311, 319, 329, 501, 739
- Akalovsky, Alexander, 990
- Alliance for Progress, 812
- Alphand, Herve, 107, 132, 195, 196, 239
- Ambassador to Saigon, selection of, 201, 213, 242, 496
- Amnesty (Chieu Hoi) program, 20–21, 52
- Anderson, Robert B., 469n
- Anthis, Brig. Gen. Rollen H., 84n , 99n , 174
- Anti-American sentiment in Vietnam, 746, 804, 809
- Armstrong, Willis C., 68n
- Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). See Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces.
- Asbjornson, Mildred, 57n
- Australia, 331, 839, 971, 979, 980
- Ayub Khan, Mohammed, 577, 643, 644
-
Ball, George W., 15n
, 43n
, 93,
242, 305n
, 397, 398, 569n
, 662, 698n
, 914n
, 1052n
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 350, 356–358
- communist infiltration evidence, release of, 1012–1014
- De Gaulle, meeting with, 402, 464–470
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 610n , 641, 651n
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 634
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 469
- Khanh coup, 42
- Khanh government, 435n , 764
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 400
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 812, 912, 938n , 943, 958
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 1012–1014
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against:
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 351, 543–544, 651n
- war game on Vietnam, 404
- Beaumarchais, Jacques de, 234
- Beech, Keyes, 129
- Belgium, 647
- Belk, Samuel E., 330n
- Bell, David E., 25, 79, 130, 133n , 163, 198, 201, 224, 260, 269, 273, 322n , 330, 337n , 474, 523
- Berry, Lt. Col. Sidney, Jr., 313
- Bien Hoa airfield attack, U.S. retaliation for, 873–882, 885–886
- Binh, Archbishop, 321, 415
- Binh Long, fighting at, 549–550
- Bligh, Sir Timothy, 69
- Blouin, Rear Adm. F.J., 51n , 53n , 202–206, 337n , 602n
- Board of National Estimates, 484–487
- Bohannan, Charles T.R., 477n
- Bohlen, Charles E., 104, 128, 464, 470
- Bolton, Frances P., 331, 618
- Breckon, M. Lyall, 709n
- Brent, Joseph L., 163, 313
- Brink Hotel bombing, 1038, 1043, 1049
- Brubeck, William H., 25
- Bruce, David K.E., 69, 981
- Brunn, Robert, 581
- Buddhist-Catholic conflict, 315–316, 321, 324, 325, 347, 386, 413, 415–416, 540–541, 658
- Buddhist opposition. See under Civilian government of Vietnam; Khanh government.
- Bunche, Ralph, 643
-
Bundy, McGeorge, 1n
, 4, 5n
, 16n
, 22n
, 49n
, 59, 64, 84n
, 96, 107n
, 130,
132n
, 171, 172–173, 174, 189n
, 213, 214n
, 232n
, 242, 271, 291, 305n
, 327n
, 330n
, 349–351, 385, 393n
, 396n
, 397, 450n
, 500, 520n
, 569n
, 571n
, 576n
, 583n
, 662, 721n
, 787n
, 811–812, 995n
,
1012n
, 1060n
- ambassador to Saigon, selection of, 496
- anti-American sentiment in Vietnam, 804n
- China, People’s Republic of:
- civilian government of Vietnam, 815n , 993
- communist insurgency, 297n
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy:
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Geneva Accords, 645
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 651n
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution:
- Hilsman’s parting memoranda, 175–176
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 440–441
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 676
- Johnson’s television appearance re Vietnam, 146, 148–150
- Khanh government, coup attempt against (Sept. 13), 766n
- Khanh’s political skills, 830
- Laos:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into:
- Lodge-Harkins relationship, 298n
- MACV command change, 199
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 145, 151–152
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 322n
- National Security Action Memorandum 314:
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 14, 191n , 193n
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 812, 813, 887, 938n
- Rusk-Khanh meeting, 405n
- Rusk mission (April 1964):
- Southeast Asia, U.S.-U.K. consultation re, 70
- Sullivan Committee, 80n
- Taylor-Johnson reports, quality of, 552–553
- Taylor-Khanh relationship, 805
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1036n , 1037n , 1044n
- Taylor’s visits to Washington, 746n , 749, 965
- Thailand, U.S. military deployments in, 176, 511
- third country assistance for Vietnam:
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 677
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 441
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 290
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- administration meetings with congressional leaders, 390
- checklist of progress, 489
- courses of action report, 672–679
- “domino effect” issue, 484n
- funds and personnel for, 262, 272n
- manager in Washington for, 61
- Mansfield’s policy suggestions, 2n , 89, 14–15, 67, 1009n , 1010–1012
- official visits to Vietnam, 67
- options available without congressional resolution, 516n
- U.S. veterans of Vietnam, use of, 1040
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 27n
, 34n
, 60
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875n , 876n , 881n
- covert operations, 4–5, 372, 646, 676
- economic initiatives, 270n
- military options, 676–678
- naval operations, 677, 796–797
- nuclear weapons issue, 679–680
- political moves in support of military actions, 206
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 875n , 876n , 881n , 1051–1052
- scenarios for, 374–377
- target selection, 371
- tit-for-tat military actions, 677
- U.N. actions by U.S. re, 376
- U.S. consultations with allies, 394n , 396
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 253, 281n , 508, 651n
- war footing for Vietnam, 287n , 289, 291n
- war game on Vietnam, 198–199
-
Bundy, William P., 22n
, 89n
, 97n
, 99n
, 120n
, 176n
,
235–236, 248, 250–251, 268, 305n
, 327n
, 474, 532n
, 533n
, 558n
,
561n
, 562n
, 569n
, 571n
, 587n
, 662, 673n
, 709n
, 721n
,
782n
, 830n
, 895n
, 909n
, 948n
, 995n
, 1012n
, 1013n
, 1052n
- civilian government of Vietnam, 815n
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy:
- coordination of Vietnam programs, 173
- counterinsurgency operations, 126n , 442, 443
- Far Eastern Affairs post, appointment to, 106
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 610n , 614n , 651n
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 634
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 422, 428
- Khanh government:
- Laos:
- Lodge-Harkins relationship, 298n
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 133n , 153n
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 322n
- media coverage of Vietnam, 259, 443–444
- National Security Action Memorandum, 314, 747n , 754
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 195n , 229
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 812,
886, 887
- basic issues between options, 938–939
- “continue present policies” option, 940–941
- “Courses of Action” paper, 916n
- “fast, unyielding pressure” option, 941
- immediate actions, 940, 964
- meetings, 943, 958
- negotiations option, omission of, 915
- policy options paper, 813
- progress reports on deliberations, 915
- “progressive pressure and talk” option, 941–942
- Project Outline, 888
- Rusk-Khanh meetings, 244, 405n
- Rusk mission (April 1964), 230, 231, 244
- Rusk-Quat meeting, 237–238
- Taylor’s conflict with Generals, 1036n , 1044n
- Taylor’s visits to Washington, 746n , 749, 965
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 980
- U.S. commitment to Vietnam, 488
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against:
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875n , 876n , 878n , 881n
- contingency planning, 225–229
- covert operations, 342
- cross-border operations and, 226–227
- military timing factors, 444
- political moves in support of military actions, 206, 225–226
- public awareness issue, 343
- reaction fumes for operations, 227
- target selection, 342
- tit-for-tat military actions, 227
- U.S. consultations with allies, 445, 979–981
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 228
- warnings of attacks, 343
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 335, 351, 651n , 978n
- war footing for Vietnam, 284, 287–288
- Burchette, Wilfred, 353
- Burchinal, Lt. Gen. David A., 343, 605, 608, 609
- Burma, 124, 485, 643–644
- Butler, R.A., 68, 69, 108
- Buu. See Tran Quoc Buu .
- Byroade, Henry A., 78
- Caccia, Sir Harold, 68
- Cam Ranh Bay naval base, 283–284, 290–291, 297, 305, 312, 503
- Cambodia, 14–15,
124
- Communist infiltration through, 154–155
- Communist victory in Vietnam, consequences of, 918
- Communists, dealings with, 246
- “domino effect” and, 485
- Khanh government, negotiations with, 170, 171
- neutral solution for, 69, 70, 94
- U.N. border patrol, possible, 330
- U.S.-RVN incursions into, 151, 214, 330
- war footing for Vietnam and, 285, 292, 302
- Can. See Ngo Dinh Can .
- Canada (see also Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts), 675, 972
- Cang, Adm., 1015, 1048n , 1053, 1055, 1056
- Cao Dai party, 17n , 52, 1004–1005
- Cao Hoai Sang, 1005
- Carroll, Lt. Gen. Joseph F., 71n , 84n , 706n
- Carter, Lt. Gen. Marshall S., 397, 474, 779
- Castro, Fidel, 74
- Cater, S. Douglass, 350, 524–525, 631–632
- Catholics (see also Buddhist-Catholic conflict), 414, 825
- Central Intelligence Agency, U.S. (CIA) (see also McCone, John A.), 727n
- Chadbourn, Philip H., 422, 426, 433
- Chen Yi, 556
- Chiang Kai-shek, 247n , 252, 258, 410, 486, 557, 667
- Chieu Hoi (Amnesty) program, 20–21, 52
- China, People’s Republic of:
- Chinese Nationalist invasion, possible, 258
- communist insurgency, support for, 409
- communist movements abroad, assistance for, 644
- conflict with U.S., attitude toward, 252
- “domino effect” and, 486–487
- free world operations against, Khanh’s plan for, 667
- French policy toward, 49, 468, 534
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 633
- influence in Southeast Asia, 10
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 573
- military capabilities, 112–113
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 32n , 49–50, 234–235
- nuclear capability, 679
- U.N. admission issue, 15, 16, 32n
- U.S. contacts with, 535, 537, 577,
644, 645
- Mansfield’s suggestion for, 1012
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, position on, 537, 555–556, 557
- Vietnam (DRV), relations with, 64, 81–82, 157n
- China, Republic of, 247n , 258
- Chinese minority in Vietnam, 1005–1006
- Civil Guard:
- Civilian government of Vietnam, 810
- alternatives to, 952
- Buddhist opposition, 890, 891, 936, 994–995, 999, 1032
- Catholics’ support for, 825
- charter for, 842–843, 844
- civil servants and, 1004
- formation of (see also High National Council), 803, 818
- Huong’s assessment of, 890–892
- installation of, 858–859
- Khanh’s pledge of support, 859
- Khanh’s plotting against, 908, 911, 1008
- life expectancy, 945–946
- military, relations with (see also “Young Turks” coup attempt below), 860–861, 1008–1009
- ministerial appointments, 860–861
- minority groups, relations with, 908, 911, 935–936, 1000–1009
- National Assembly, 911
- objectives, short-term, 896–899
- power struggle, potential for, 890
- press relations, 1004
- resignations of officials, 891–892
- Suu’s selection as Chief of State, 845–846, 858
- Taylor’s assessment of, 888–890, 949–950
- U.S. efforts to strengthen, 951–952, 958–959, 965–966, 968
- U.S. integration into, 910–911
- U.S. operations against DRV, support for 947
- U.S. protection from coup, request for, 1047, 1048
- weaknesses of, 949–950
- “Young Turks” coup attempt:
- Generals’ defense of, 1039n
- Khanh’s defense of, 1027–1028
- Khanh’s leadership, 1030
- negotiations to resolve, 1031–1032, 1033–1034, 1041–1042, 1046–1047, 1055–1056
- Taylor-Johnson speculations on outcome, 1060–1063
- Taylor’s initial reactions, 1014–1023
- U.S. guidance for Taylor, 1023–1026, 1028–1029, 1035, 1038–1039, 1042–1043, 1044–1046, 1048
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam and, 1025–1026
- U.S. official statements on, 1026–1027, 1028, 1034n , 1039n
- Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG) program, 786
- Cleveland, Harlan, 399, 628n , 635–636, 641, 643
- Cline, Ray S.:
- Co. See Nguyen Huu Co, Gen.
- Coffin, Frank M., 25
- Colby, William, 84n , 277, 322n , 397, 398, 415, 474, 571n , 830n
- Communist insurgency: area controlled by, 84–85, 100
- Bien Hoa airfield, attack on, 873, 879–880
- Brink Hotel bombing, 1038, 1043, 1049
- casualties suffered, 119–120, 909
- Chinese People’s Republic support for, 409
- civil disorder, focus on, 810–811
- ground attacks from DRV, possible, 686
- infiltration of troops, 62, 109, 154–155, 864–872, 960, 1012–1014
- intensification in July, 548–552
- major offensive, possible, 489–490
- Montagnards and, 786
- political discord in RVN, role in, 745
- popular attitude toward, 414, 545
- propaganda activities, 489, 695
- psychological impact of successes, 263, 539
- quasi-governmental organization, 479
- recruits for, 419–420
- recuperative powers, 950, 951
- reserve forces, 407–408
- terrorism, 25, 95, 241n
- training for troops, 867–868
- troop strength, 123, 547, 661, 871–872
- urban capabilities, 412, 811
- U.S. operations against DRV, effect of, 250, 252, 403
- U.S. personnel, attacks on, 95, 289n , 412, 873, 879–880, 1038, 1043, 1049
- victory in Vietnam, possible, 13, 71–72, 296–297, 484–487, 918–919
- Vietnam (DRV), relation to, 82–83, 123, 156–157, 251, 301–302
- weaponry for, 86, 101, 110, 123, 156–157
- withdrawal of forces, proposed, 128
- Conein, Col. Lucien, 266, 805, 1040
- Congress, U.S. (see also Congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy):
- Congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy (see also Gulf of Tonkin Resolution), 72–74, 369, 462
- draft resolutions, 350, 356–358, 490, 513–515
- early resolution, decision against, 490–492, 497
- opposing arguments, 495–496
- options available without resolution, 516–518
- requirements for, 432–433
- supporting arguments, 493–495, 496, 515–516
- timing of presentation to Congress, 377, 512
- U.S. firmness, demonstration of, 511–512
- Cooper, Chester, 197, 198, 201, 350, 351, 397, 474, 489, 993–995, 1012n , 1013n
- Coote, Wendell B., 25
- Corcoran, Thomas B., 602n , 805
- Counterinsurgency operations (see also Laos, U.S.-RVN
incursions into; Strategic hamlet
program; Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations
against; War footing for Vietnam; U.S.-RVN incursions under Cambodia):
- air support, 311
- airfield security, 680–681, 881, 882, 885
- Americanization of, 35, 87, 125, 127
- An Long offensive, proposed, 82–83
- border control, 87
- Chinese Nationalist troops for, 126, 167n , 169, 247, 252
- CIA assessment of, 65–66, 84–86
- Harkins’response, 99–102
- civil advisers for, 314
- command and control system, 419, 482–484, 795–796, 813–814
- communications security, 321
- conventional tactics issue, 197–198, 666, 667
- covert checking of reporting on, 5–6, 7–8, 62, 84n
- critical provinces, focus on, 424–426, 442, 443, 461–462, 488, 501
- crop destruction and defoliation, 87
- defense against ground attacks, 686, 688
- deterioration of RVN position, 155–156, 336, 422–423, 429, 948–949
- disbursement of funds problem, 320
- Do Xa operation, 409
- Farmgate operation, 163n
- Goldwater’s comments on, 395n
- government stability in RVN, relation to, 951, 952
- ground operations, U.S. evaluation of, 802
- guerrilla tactics, 163, 180–181, 503, 554
- Hop Tac operation. See Saigon-area initiative below.
- improvements in, 259, 946–947
- infiltration evidence, accumulation of, 960
- JCS recommendations for actions, 86–89, 847–853, 883
- Khanh government policy on, 45–46, 47–48
- National Pacification Plan, 87, 161, 321, 323, 411, 420–421, 505
- Nes’ assessment of, 89–92
- night operations, 21
- operational effectiveness, 418
- political orientation, 63
- popular attitude toward, 65, 136, 347
- populated areas, attacks on, 136
- population control, 285, 302, 416, 659–662
- provincial troubleshooting, 814–815, 819
- psywar-civic action program in provinces, 997–998
- reconnaissance flights, 251
- Saigon-area initiative (Hop Tac plan), 660, 662, 738, 752, 776–777, 814, 859
- Taylor-L. B. Johnson meeting re, 966–967, 968
- timetable for, 149
- U.S. ambassadors’ meeting re, 820–821
- U.S. de facto responsibility for, 124
- Vietnamese (RVN) responsibility for, 155
- Village security, 179–181
- Westmoreland’s assessment of, 736–742
- Coup against Diem, Minh’s account of, 134–135
- Coup against Minh. See Khanh coup.
- Coup attempt by “Young Turks.” See under Civilian government of Vietnam.
- Coups against Khanh. See under Khanh government.
- Couve de Murville, Maurice, 10n , 69, 221, 258, 465, 554–555
- Cox, Gordon E., 281
- Craig, U.S.S., 592
- Creel, Robert, 621n
- Cuba, 105n , 106
- Dai Viet party, 138, 719, 720, 725–726
- Dang-Sy, Maj., 321, 347
- Dang Van Sung, 542
- Davies, Richard T., 633n
- Davis, Rear Adm. J. W., 437–440
-
De Gaulle, Charles,
10, 15, 33, 91–92, 107n
, 152, 169, 521
- Ball, meeting with, 402, 464–470
- Bohlen, meeting with, 216–219, 220–221
- coup plot against Minh, alleged, 37–38
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 468–469, 573
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 56, 57, 58, 140
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, assessment of, 217–218, 219
- Vietnamese, attitude toward, 220
- De Leusse, Bruno, 554
- De Silva, Peter, 3, 39, 65–66, 248, 251, 252, 253, 313, 327, 434, 708
- Deepe, Beverly, 1055
- Defense, U.S. Department of (see also Joint Chiefs of Staff; McNamara, Robert 5):
- Defense Intelligence Agency, 71–72
- Defferre, Gaston, 195
- Denmark, 647
- Denney, George C., Jr., 40–41, 82–83
- Depuy, Col., 424
- Diem. See Ngo Dinh Diem.
- Dillon, C. Douglas, 492, 520–521, 608
- Dingeman, Maj. James W., 25n
- Dirksen, Everett M., 223, 224, 330, 331, 620
- Do Cao Tri, Maj. Gen., 38, 40, 731
- Do Lenh Tuan, 237n
- Do Mau, Gen., 32, 121, 362, 694
- “Domino effect” in Southeast Asia, 484–487
- Don. See Tran Van Don, Gen.
- Dong. See Pham Van Dong.
- D’Orlandi, Giovanni, 54
- Douglas-Home, Sir Alec, 68, 69n , 70
- Duc. See Duong Van Duc, Brig. Gen.
- Duke, Angier Biddle, 643
- Dulles, John Foster, 645
- Dunn, John M., 248
- Duong Van Duc, Brig. Gen., 37, 137–138, 731, 764, 769, 770, 790, 791
- Duong Van Minh, Lt. Gen. (see also
Minh government), 1, 11, 16, 415, 728, 800
- arrest of, 42
- civilian government of Vietnam, 803, 817, 818–819, 829, 832–833, 834–835, 837–838, 842–843, 844, 846
- counterinsurgency operations, 136
- coup against Diem, 134–135
- economic situation in Vietnam, 19
- field trips, 540
- generals’ arrest and trial, 42, 137–138, 139, 411, 434
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 628
- Khanh, assessment of, 138
- Khanh coup, 136–137
- Khanh government, 744
- Khanh’s campaign against, 671, 710–711, 721
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 312–313
- military, return to, 889–890
- money appropriated by, 381
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 32, 33, 264
- Ngo Dinh Can’s death sentence, 265–267
- political ambitions, 721
- Stromberg’s interview with, 134–139
- Taylor’s assessment of, 721
- U.S. dissociation from, 569
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 27, 28, 30–31
- Duzer, Roger, 533, 554
- Economic situation in Vietnam;
- Eggeman, Capt., 342
- Ehrlich, T., 912–914
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 148
- Ellsberg, Daniel, 632
- Felt, Adm. Harry D., 203, 204–205, 270
- Fishel, Wesley R., 59
- Fitzgerald, Desmond, 201
- Flooding in Vietnam, 901–902, 908–909
- Flott, Frederick W., 405
- Ford, Harold, 887
-
Forrestal, Michael V., 16n
, 25, 42n
, 43n
, 59–60, 64–65, 84n
, 89n
, 93–94, 132n
, 176n
, 213–214, 229, 271, 447, 450n
, 474, 562n
, 569n
, 571n
, 603n
, 706n
, 709n
, 721n
, 755, 782n
, 793n
, 795n
,
895n
, 909n
, 995n
, 1012n
- AID director for Vietnam, 201
- ambassador to Saigon, selection of, 201
- civilian government of Vietnam, 815n , 840n
- counterinsurgency operations:
- French-RVN relations, 232–233
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 614n
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 427, 428
- Khanh coup, 42–43
- Khanh government, 386
- Khanh’s political skills, 830–832
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 574n
- Lodge, assessment of, 388–389
- MACV command change, 199–200
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May, 1964), 304, 313
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 813, 958
- political situation in Vietnam, 314
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 79
- Rusk mission (April 1964), 233
- Special Assistant for Vietnam post, 543n
- strategic hamlet program, 77–78
- Sullivan Committee, 80
- Taylor-Khanh relationship, 805
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 527n
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 79, 387–388, 397, 427
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam:
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against:
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 978n
- Vietnam visit, report on, 385–389
- war footing for Vietnam, 289–290
- Fraleigh, Albert S., 478n
- France (see also French policy under Neutral solution
for Vietnam), 647
- China, People’s Republic, relations with, 49, 468, 534
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 635
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 468–469, 556–557
- Laos, policy toward, 557, 675
- negotiations policy for Vietnam, 258
- operations against RVN, alleged, 36–38, 58, 264, 265, 285, 294, 302, 380–381
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia and, 972
- SEATO and, 239–240
- Southeast Asia policy, 107–108
- U.S.-Communist mutual withdrawal, proposed, 128
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, position on, 919
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 239, 520–521
- Ball-De Gaulle meeting re, 441, 445, 449–450, 464–470
- Vietnam (RVN), relations with, 46–47, 53, 188, 232–233, 239–240, 245–246, 319
- Fulbright, J. William, 619, 620, 621
- Furness, George A., Jr., 693–696
- Gard, Richard A., 269, 1001, 1002, 1003
- Gaud, William, 427, 428, 473
- Gaulle, Charles de. See De Gaulle, Charles .
- Geneva Accords, 645, 991–992
- Germany, Federal Republic of, 647, 919
- Gillet, Robert, 234
- Gilpatric, Roswell L., 25, 99n , 473
- Giscard d’Estaing, Valery, 520, 521
- Go, Gen., 731
- Goldwater, Barry, 389, 395n , 565, 679–680
- Goodpaster, Lt. Gen. Andrew S., 214, 229, 350, 838n
- Gore, Sir David Ormsby, 68
- Green, Marshall, 42n , 51n , 53n , 61–62, 89n , 108n , 397, 592n
- Greene, Lt. Gen. Wallace M., Jr., 149n , 243n , 749
- Gromyko, Andrei, 9–10, 990–993
- Gulf of Tonkin events:
- congressional leaders, briefings for, 600, 615–621
- evidence for U.S. version of events, 631, 644–645
- Maddox, attack on (Aug. 2), 589
- Maddox and C. Turner Joy, attack on (Aug. 4), 608, 611
- Morton and Edwards, possible attack on (Sept. 18), 778–781
- policy consequences for U.S., 641–642
- retaliations for attacks, 694–695
- administration consultations with
- congressional leaders, 615–621
- authorization for, 593, 597
- Forrestal’s recommendations, 599
- international reaction, 633, 635–636
- reports on, 626, 633
- restrikes issue, 632
- Sharp’s recommendations, 624–625
- target selection, 605–606, 607–610, 611, 612
- Taylor’s recommendations, 593–594, 603
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 640–641, 666
- Soviet reaction, 633, 635, 636–638, 648
- U.N. actions re, 611, 616–617, 625
- U.S.-DRV communications re, 651–653
- U.S. notification of other countries, 621–623
- U.S. patrols, resumption of (Aug. 2), 591, 597
- U.S. public statements on, 612, 626, 631, 632
- U.S. rules of reconnaissance and engagement, 598–599, 601
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 589, 614, 623, 627–628, 630
- U.S. satisfaction with outcomes, 663
- Vietnamese (DRV) intentions in attacking U.S. ships, 598, 603, 611, 631, 639–640
- Gulf of Tonkin resolution: administration discussions re, 631–632
- Ha Thuc Ky, 237
- Halleck, Charles A., 615, 617, 619, 621
- Hamlets of New Rural Life. See Strategic hamlet program.
- Hanes, Art, 431
- Harkins, Gen. Paul D., 21, 26, 130, 134n
, 204, 228, 248
- communist insurgency:
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Khanh, assessment of, 43
- Khanh coup, 37, 39, 42, 43
- Khanh government:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 311
- Lodge, relationship with, 298–299, 326–327
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 304, 313
- political situation in Vietnam, 100–101
- replacement as MACV commander, 59, 61, 200, 213, 223
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- U.S. military advisers, lengths of tours for, 312
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 27–28, 30, 31, 252, 309
- war footing for Vietnam, 144
- Harriman, W. Averell,, 15n , 22n , 25, 42n , 43n , 51n , 53n , 69, 81n , 96, 176n , 385n , 399, 561n , 569n , 571n , 1012n
- Helms, Richard, 84–86
- Hickenlooper, Bourke B., 616, 617–618, 619
- High National Council, 803, 816–817, 818–819, 822–823, 835, 858, 890
- Hilsman, Roger, Jr., 22n , 36n , 49n , 81n , 84n , 89
- Ho Chi Minh, 230, 241n , 281, 353, 414, 446, 546, 666, 695, 957
- Ho Van Nhut, 825, 835, 836, 846
- Hoa Hao party, 17n , 52, 1005
- Hoan. See Nguyen Ton Hoan.
- Hoang Co Thuy, 1003
- Hoang Van Lac, Col., 362
- Holyoake, Keith J., 980
- Hon, Gen., 424
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 376
- Hop Tac operation. See Saigon-area military initiative:
- Huan, 264, 285
- Hughes, Thomas L., 561n , 573–574, 592n , 633, 640, 698n , 782n
- Humphrey, Hubert H., 224, 525n , 619, 914n , 965, 967
- Huong. See Tran Van Huong.
- Huong-Suu government. See Civilian government of Vietnam.
- Huynh Van Cao, Brig. Gen., 135
- Imhof, Johannes V., 533, 554
- India, 675, 918, 972
- Indonesia, 15, 486
- Intelligentsia of Vietnam, 238, 414–415
- International conference on Laos, proposed, 446, 507–511, 654–656, 674–675, 678–679
- International conference on Vietnam, proposed:
- International Control Commission (ICC) (see also Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts), 276, 355, 543, 544
- Iran, 918
- Italy, 647
- Japan, 486, 633, 918
- Jenkins, Walter, 615n
- Jensen, Ben F., 330–331, 332
- Johnson, Lady Bird, 645
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 1, 2, 4, 60, 69,
84n
, 93, 119n
, 171, 185, 189n
, 232, 349, 385, 440, 461, 552, 571n
, 576n
, 656, 679, 723, 787n
- Alliance for Progress, 812
- ambassador to Saigon, selection of, 496
- anti-American sentiment in Vietnam, 804n
- Ball-De Gaulle meeting, 449–450, 464
- W. Bundy’s appointment to Far Eastern Affairs post, 106
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 168–169
- China, People’s Republic of, U.S. contacts with, 644
- CIA station chief, appointment of, 3–4
- civilian government of Vietnam, 935
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Gulf of Tonkin events:
- congressional leaders, briefings for, 600, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621
- Maddox, attack on (Aug. 2), 590, 602
- Maddox and C. Turner Joy, attack on (Aug. 4), 604, 605, 607, 608
- Morton and Edwards, possible attack on (Sept. 18), 778–781
- public statements on, 626, 634
- retaliations for attacks, 597, 606, 608, 609, 611, 612
- Soviet reaction, 636, 648
- U.S. notification of other countries re, 622–623
- U.S. patrols, resumption of (Aug. 2), 597
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 623
- U.S. satisfaction with outcomes, 663
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution:
- Hilsman’s parting memoranda, 175
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 393–394
- Humphrey-Quat meeting, 478n
- Khanh, attitude toward, 129
- Khanh coup, 42
- Khanh government:
- Khrushchev, exchange of letters with, 636–638, 648
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into:
- Lodge, relations with, 2, 132–133
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 145
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 322
- National Security Action Memorandum 314:
- neutral solution for Vietnam:
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 812, 915, 916
- political situation in Vietnam, 6–7
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 969n , 974, 984
- Quat, meeting with, 447–448
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 93n
- Rusk-Khanh meeting, 405n
- Rusk mission (April 1964), 230, 231, 241–242
- Southeast Asia, U.S.-U.K. consultations re, 68–70
- Sullivan Committee, appointment of, 79–80
- Taylor’s ambassadorial instructions, 538, 974–978
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1037n
- Taylor’s visits to Washington:
- Television appearance re Vietnam, 146, 148–150
- Thant, meeting with, 643–645
- third country assistance for Vietnam:
- U.S.-Communist mutual withdrawal, proposed, 128
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam:
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 372
- U.S. information programs and policies in U.S., 523
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 382
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam, 332
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam, Chief of Staff for, 393
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 182
- air strikes, 333–334
- application of power issue, 459
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875n , 881n
- contingency planning, 96, 184–185
- covert operations, 4, 372
- doubts about, 400–401
- French position, 449–450, 464
- naval operations, 780–781, 796, 812
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 169, 875n , 881n . 1057–1059
- scenearios for, 374
- U.S. consultations with allies, 394–396
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam and, 96, 1057–1058
- U.S. protection of RVN against reprisal, 328
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 329
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts:
- war footing for Vietnam, 287n
- Johnson, Robert, 75n , 673n
-
Johnson, U. Alexis, 15n
, 81n
, 401,
492, 576, 577, 627, 646n
, 669n
, 698, 717, 719, 729, 874n
, 945, 947, 948n
, 982, 987, 1014, 1016, 1020, 1046
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- communist insurgency, 490
- deputy ambassador, appointment as, 523–524, 530–531
- Khanh government, coup attempt against (Sept. 13), 764, 765, 768–769, 770
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 475
- reports from Vietnam, quality of, 552–553
- Taylor’s conflict with Generals, 1041, 1053–1055
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam, assessment of, 937–938
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 75
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 978n
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) (see also Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D.; Wheeler, Gen. Earle G.):
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 110–111, 150
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Gulf of Tonkin events:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into:
- McNamara report (March 1964), 149–150
- National Security Action Memorandum 314, 749–750
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam:
- U.S. naval presence in Vietnam, 283n , 291
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 35, 63, 129, 149–150
- accelerated program of actions, 714–717
- air strikes, 584–585, 588, 749–750
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875–876
- contingency planning, 97–99, 112–118, 205
- covert operations, 338–340
- destruction of DRV will and capabilities, 437–440, 681, 715
- military options, 113, 116–118, 681–682, 713–717
- objectives and courses of action, 436–440
- political moves in support of military actions, 214
- recommendations for actions, 847–850, 854–857, 882–884
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 1049n
- Soviet response, 117
- target selection, 113–114, 438, 715
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 112–113, 114–116, 205, 902–906
- war game on Vietnam, 198n
- Jorden, William, 251
- Kennedy, John F., 1, 10, 183, 538
- Kennedy, Robert F., 70, 473, 491
- Kent, Sherman, 484–487
- Khanh. See Nguyen Khanh, Maj. Gen.
- Khanh coup, 164n
-
Khanh government:
- administrative problems, 416
- alliance with Republic of China and Republic of Korea, proposed, 248
- alternatives to Khanh, U.S. consideration of, 431–432, 706, 744–745
- ambassadors, 320, 411, 542
- Buddhist opposition, 256, 313, 314,
788
- anti-Americanism of, 809
- communist influence, 792
- coup by, possible, 305, 743
- demands of, 696–698, 701
- demonstrations, 698n , 700
- Khanh’s relations with, 698–699, 701–705, 712
- Lodge’s assessment of, 305
- moderation of, 830–831
- Ngo Dinh Can issue, 263, 264–265n
- Taylor’s advice for Khanh, 702
- Taylor’s assessment of, 711–712
- Cambodia, negotiations with, 170, 171
- counterinsurgency policy, 45–46, 47–48
- coup attempt against (Sept. 13), 764–772
- coups against, possible, 122, 157, 160, 166, 327, 788–789, 810
- Dai Viet threat to, 719, 720, 725–726
- Diemist leanings, alleged, 62, 138
- Forrestal’s assessment of, 386
- future prospects, Taylor’s assessment of, 733–734
- generals’ pledge of support, 728, 729
- information programs, 502, 545
- instability of, 157, 164n , 396–397, 565, 672, 742–746, 787–789, 801n , 803, 807
- intellectuals, policy toward, 238
- Khanh’s absence from Saigon, 719–722, 727–729
- land for veterans program, 499
- McCone’s assessment of, 121–122, 164n
- military-civilian friction, 237–238
- Minh’s assessment of, 312–313
- Minh’s role in, 64, 121, 257, 263, 268, 569, 595, 730, 743, 842
- ministers’ roles, 391n
- National Front Committee, 718, 720, 730, 731
- neutralist sympathizers in, 562–563
- personnel for, 46, 64, 121
- politics, preoccupation with, 392
- popular attitude toward, 121, 256–257, 269, 544–545, 658
- press policy, 237–238
- Prime Minister selection, 53
- provincial administration, 156, 245, 808
- public relations efforts, 488
- religious issues, committee for, 731
- reorganization program, 498, 499
- achievements of, 725–727
- cabinet structure, 694
- constitution, proposal for, 671, 682–684, 703, 709, 711
- failure of, 724–725
- Khanh’s resignation offer, 717–718
- military and, 726–727
- presidency for Khanh, proposed, 693–694, 707–708
- proclamation on, 703–705
- Quat and Oanh, proposed removal of, 670, 671
- summary of events, 710–713
- U.S. position, 362, 578, 707, 709, 733
- retention of power, chances of, 674
- state of emergency, 578, 651
- state of war declaration. See War footing for Vietnam.
- strengths of, 157–158
- succession issue, 627–628
- successor government. See Civilian government of Vietnam.
- supporters of, 799
- Taylor’s proposals for dealing with, 689–693
- transition period, U.S. recommendation for, 51–52, 53
- triumvirate leadership, 730, 743, 842
- unity concerns, 405–407, 797
- U.S. Mission’s assessment of, 657–659
- U.S. political adviser for Khanh, 126
- U.S. policy toward, 129, 797
- U.S. recognition of, 44n , 45
- Vietnam (DRV), contacts with, 595n , 809–810
- Khiem. See Tran Thien Khiem, Lt. Gen.
- Khrushchev, Nikita S., 10, 244
- Killen, James S., 198, 753, 755–758, 803–804, 937
- Kim. See Le Van Kim, Brig. Gen.
- Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 938
- Kohler, Foy D., 636, 990
- Komer, Robert W., 198
- Korea, Republic of, 918
- Koren, Henry L. T., 25–26, 51n , 53n
- Krebs, Max V., 237n
- Krulak, Maj. Gen. Victor H., 4n , 22n , 27n , 34n , 36n , 49n
- Kuchel, Thomas H., 615n
- Ky. See Nguyen Cao Ky, Air Vice Marshal.
- Labor movement in Vietnam, 788, 1006–1007
- Laking, George R., 979, 980
- Lam, Gen., 566
- Lam, Lt. Col. See Tran Dinh Lam, Lt. Col.
- Lam Van Phat, Gen., 764, 765, 768, 769, 774, 790, 791
- Lan, Col., 285
- Land reform, 52, 499
- Lansdale, Edward G., 477n , 478n , 484, 525, 1040
- Lao Dong Party, 866, 867, 868
- Laos (see also Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into),
124
- communist infiltration to RVN through, 62, 109, 154–155
- communist victory in Vietnam, consequences of, 918
- conference on, proposed, 446, 507–511, 654–656, 674–675, 678–679
- French policy toward, 557, 675
- Mansfield’s suggestions re, 1011
- military situation, 674
- Pathet Lao forces, 71, 177, 276
- regional settlement and, 557
- settlement in, possible, 236, 250, 369–370, 402
- Thai concerns re, 332
- U.S. operations against DRV through, 369–370, 374
- U.S. policy toward, 497, 508–511, 675
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into (see also Congressional
resolution on Southeast Asia policy), 214, 233
- air strikes:
- bridgeheads, establishment of, 685
- communist insurgency, impact on, 408
- ground operations, 575
- guidelines for, 215–216
- intelligence operations, 275, 276–277, 311, 428
- JCS position, 35, 110–111
- Khanh’s positron, 407, 408
- Laotian requests for, 812
- McCone’s position, 126
- McNamara’s positron, 151, 167
- options available without congressional resolution, 517
- parachute drops, 685
- planning and training for, 527–530, 575, 893
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia statements on, 971, 972
- reconnaissance flights, 311, 507
- Soviet response, 587
- timetable for, 433
- U.S. ambassadors’ meeting re, 820–821
- U.S. assistance for Laotian aircraft, 821
- U.S. authorization for, 168, 204–205
- U.S. firmness, demonstrations of, 510–511
- U.S.-Laotian consultations re, 433
- U.S. operations against DRV and, 226–227
- U.S. public position, 763
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 247, 685, 688
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 585–587
- Le Khac Quyen, 819, 825, 831, 1021
- Le Van Hoach, 595n
- Le Van Kim, Brig. Gen., 16, 19–20, 245, 564, 671, 672
- Amnesty (Chieu Hoi) program, 20–21
- arrest and trial of, 42, 137, 138, 139, 264, 346n , 380–381, 391, 406, 411
- counterinsurgency operations, 21
- coup against Diem, 135
- coup against Khanh, possible, 434–436
- neutralist sympathies, 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 54, 136–137, 285
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 20
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 28, 30, 31
- Le Van Nghiem, Maj. Gen., 37
- Le Van Tat, Brig. Gen., 1005
- Le Van Thu, 825
- LeMay, Gen. Curds E., 149n , 150n , 243, 607, 632, 749, 778
- Lippmann, Walter, 185, 400, 504
-
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 45, 93–94, 96, 134n
, 327, 391, 700, 717
- ambassador to Saigon, recommendations for, 279–280, 476–477
- anti-communist groups in RVN, 414
- Buddhist-Catholic conflict, 315, 321, 415–416
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 151
- CIA station chief, appointment of, 3
- communist insurgency:
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 433
- counterinsurgency operations, 21, 90
- Forrestal’s assessment of, 388–389
- France, 169
- Harkins, relationship with, 298–299, 326–327
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 393, 412–416, 420, 421, 423–427, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433
- intelligentsia of Vietnam, 414–415
- Johnson, L. B., relations with, 2, 132–133
- Khanh, assessment of, 413
- Khanh coup, 37–39, 40n , 42, 44n , 54–55
-
Khanh government:
- administrative problems, 416
- alternatives to Khanh, 431, 432
- ambassadors, 411
- Buddhist opposition, 256, 305
- counterinsurgency policy, 45–46, 47
- coups against, possible, 305, 322, 435n land for veterans program, 499
- Minh’s role, 257, 263, 268
- ministers’ roles, 391n personnel for, 46
- popular attitude toward, 256–257
- reorganization program, 498, 499, 709, 710
- transition period, U.S. recommendation for, 52n
- Laos:
- managerial shortcomings, 387, 388–389
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 141, 142–145
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 304–308, 312, 313
- Minh government, 1–2
- neutral solution for Vietnam:
- neutralization of DRV, plan for, 229–230
- Ngo Dinh Can’s death sentence, 257, 263, 264, 265–267
- political situation in Vietnam:
- presidential ambitions, 389
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- resignation, 521–522
- Rusk mission (April 1964), 232n , 241–242, 244, 248–253
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 320
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 426
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam, 340, 341n
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 384
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam:
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, funds and personnel for, 260, 272
- Vietnam (DRV), military situation in, 421
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 27–28, 94–95, 225
- air strikes, 182–183, 306, 307–308, 326, 333–334
- application of power issue, 459–461
- carrot-stick approach, 28
- communist insurgency, impact on, 250, 252
- contingency planning, 184
- covert operations, 186, 249, 306
- deniability issue, 28, 306–307
- French position, 470n
- Khanh’s position, 141
- naval operations, 252–253
- nuclear weapons issue, 250
- political moves in support of military actions, 208, 307
- psychological benefits, 415, 456
- tit-for-tat military actions, 186
- U.S. protection of RVN against reprisal, 334
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 27, 28–31, 49
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts:
- war footing for Vietnam, 144, 145
- Lopez, Salvador P., 240
- Lucas, Jim, 384
- Luong Trong Tuong, 1005
- MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 286
- Macmillan, Harold, 622
- Maddox, U.S.S. See under Gulf of Tonkin events.
- Maechling, Charles, Jr., 25
- Magnuson, Warren G., 394
- Mai Huu Xuan, Maj. Gen., 668, 671, 672
- Mai Tho Truyen, 825, 1001, 1002
- Malaysia, 69, 236, 486, 918, 982
- Manfull, Melvin L., 248, 313, 323, 416, 441, 682–683, 698, 823, 1000n
- Manning, Robert J., 57–58, 431, 441, 474, 490, 491, 523, 569n , 749, 754
- Mansfield, Mike, 185, 224
- Martin, Graham A., 428, 820
- Martin, Paul J., 281, 395n
- Mau, Gen., 164n
- McAfee, William, 592n
- McCloskey, Robert, 603n
-
McCone, John A., 25, 65, 79, 93, 120–121, 130, 146, 155n
, 157n
, 166n
, 176n
, 305n
, 663, 742n
, 806n
, 811, 914n
, 1012n
, 1060n
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 126, 151, 330
- China, People’s Republic of, 679
- CIA station chief, appointment of, 3
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- communist insurgency, 123
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 432, 492
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Gulf of Tonkin events:
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 415, 423, 424, 427, 429, 431–432
- Khanh government:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 126, 151
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 133n
- National Security Action Memorandum 314, 750, 751–752, 753, 754
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 124
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 938n , 943, 958
- political situation in Vietnam, 126
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 969n , 984
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 122
- strategic hamlet program, 126
- Taylor’s ambassadorial instructions, 974n
- Taylor’s visits to Washington, 746n , 749, 965
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 967
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 431
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam, 123
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against:
- war footing for Vietnam, 287n
- McCormack, John W., 332, 616, 617, 619
- McDonald, Adm. David L., 174
-
McNamara, Robert S. (see also
McNamara-Taylor mission headings), 1n
, 63, 65n
, 71n
, 77, 79, 84n
, 93, 99n
, 119n
, 134n
, 176n
, 299, 305n
, 327n
, 350, 500, 520n
, 571n
, 576n
, 583, 605, 721n
, 1060n
- Air Force, RVN, 319, 329
- ambassadorship for, proposed, 473
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 110, 151, 330
- Civil Guard, Army status for, 144
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- communist insurgency, DRV support for, 156–157
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 462, 491, 492
- counterinsurgency operations, 12, 86
- covert checking of reporting on, 7–8
- critical provinces, focus on, 425–426, 461–462
- deterioration of RVN position, 155–156, 422, 423
- guerrilla tactics, 163
- JCS recommendations for actions, 847
- National Pacification Plan, 161, 321
- Taylor-Johnson meeting re, 966, 967, 968
- Vietnamese (RVN) responsibility for, 155
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 651n
- congressional leaders, briefings for, 600, 615, 616, 617, 619, 620
- Maddox, attack on (Aug. 2), 590, 602
- Maddox and C. Turner Joy, attack on (Aug. 4), 604, 605, 607, 608, 609, 611
- Morton and Edwards, possible attack on (Sept. 18), 778, 779, 780
- retaliations for attacks, 605–606, 607, 608, 609, 611, 612, 626
- U.S. satisfaction with outcomes, 663
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 642
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 416, 419, 421, 422–428, 430, 431, 432, 433
- Khanh government:
- Laos, possible settlement in, 369–370
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 110, 151, 167
- Lodge-Harkins relationship, 298n , 326–327
- MACV command change, 200
- media coverage of Vietnam, 224
- National Security Action Memorandum 314, 758
- National Service Act for Vietnam, 143
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 158, 191n
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 938n
- partitioning of RVN, proposed, 12–13
- political situation in Vietnam, 314
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 969n , 984
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- Self-Defense Corps, 142–143
- strategic hamlet program, 162
- Taylor’s ambassadorial instructions, 974n
- Taylor’s visits to Washington, 746n , 749, 965
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 320
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 165–166, 426
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam, 163
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 372, 373–374, 397–398, 426
- U.S. information programs and policies in U.S., 523
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam:
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam, 163–164, 171
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam, 441
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 34n
, 35
- air strikes, 326, 753
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875n , 876n , 881n
- contingency planning, 97–99, 112, 165, 167, 463
- covert operations, 4–5, 152, 171, 338, 646
- deniability issue, 97–98
- harbors, mining of, 605
- implications of, 329, 456, 906
- JCS recommendations for actions, 847
- Laotian route, 369–370, 374
- military options, 118n , 159, 370, 681, 713
- military pressures short of combat operations, 463–464
- objectives and courses of action, 436, 437, 457
- political objectives, 159–160
- reaction times for operations, 165, 171
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 875n , 876n , 881n , 1049n , 1057
- surrender terms issue, 399
- target selection, 98
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam and, 371
- U.S. public statements on, 189–190
- Vietnamese (DRV) air defenses, 421–422
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 97, 98, 114n , 902, 906n
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 651n
- war footing for Vietnam, 284, 287n , 317
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 77, 96
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 287, 291
-
McNaughton, John T., 190n
, 202, 206, 229, 436n
, 474, 562n
, 571n
, 651n
, 662, 700n
, 793n
, 830n
,
1012n
- civilian government of Vietnam, “Young Turks” coup attempt against, 1023n , 1025n , 1035n
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 778
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 634
- Honolulu meetings (rune 1964), 422, 428
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 574n
- MACV command change, 199–200
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 133n
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 313
- National Security Action Memorandum 314, 747n
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 813, 887, 916n , 958
- Taylor’s visits to Washington, 749, 965
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 242, 243, 350, 399
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 978n
- Media coverage of Vietnam, 88, 224, 259, 261, 384, 430, 454, 552n , 660
- Meeker, Leonard C., 532n
- Mendenhall, Joseph A., 22n , 26, 36n , 37n , 42n , 43n , 51n , 53n , 61n , 63n , 190
- Menzies, Robert G., 331, 980
- Military Assistance Command, U.S. (MACV) (see also Harkins, Gen. Paul D.; U.S. military involvement in Vietnam; Westmoreland, Gen. William C.):
- Military cordon for Southeast Asia, proposed, 482
- Minh. See Duong Van Minh, Lt. Gen.
- Minh government, 1–2
- Montagnards, 78
- Montgomery, James M., 571n
- Moore, Maj. Gen. Joseph H., 311, 1014, 1015
- Morgan, Thomas E., 615n
- Morozov, P. D., 635
- Morse, Wayne, 223–224, 488, 504
- Moyers, William, 47n , 57
- Murrow, Edward R., 25, 384
- Mustin, Vice Adm. Lloyd M., 605, 886, 1012n
- Nam Dong, fighting at, 549
- National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam. See Communist insurgency.
- National Police, 162–163
- National Security Action Memoranda:
- National Security Council (NSC) (see also NSC Working Group on Vietnam):
- Navy, RVN, 739
- Ne Win, Gen., 486, 643–644
- Nes, David G., 78, 200, 248, 298n , 335
- Netherlands, 647
- Neutral solution for Vietnam:
- China, People’s Republic’s role in, 32n , 49–50, 234–235
- communists’ interpretation of, 188
- Defense Department positron, 120
- doubts about U.S. intentions and, 177
- French policy, 30n
- Lippmann’s position, 400
- Lodge’s objections to, 186–189
- Lodge’s plan for neutralization of DRV, 229–230
- McCone’s positron, 124
- McNamara’s positron, 158
- Minh government and, 54
- negative consequences for U.S., 14, 15
- Soviet positron, 9–10
- Thant’s positron, 645
- U.S. policy, 32, 56, 57–58, 109, 191–193, 217
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 32–33
- Vietnamese (DRV) position, 83
- Vietnamese (RVN) position, 102–103, 745
- New York Times, 259, 504
- New Zealand, 971, 979, 980
- Ngo Dinh Can, 257, 263, 264, 265–267
- Ngo Dinh Diem, 134–135, 381, 865
- Ngo Gia Hy, 825
- Nguyen Cao Ky, Air Vice Marshal, 577, 765, 770, 790–791, 1055
- Nguyen Chanh Thi, Gen., 434, 770, 791, 1015, 1024
- Nguyen Dinh Luyen, 825
- Nguyen Duy Lien, 237n
- Nguyen Huu Chau, 695
- Nguyen Huu Co, Gen., 1030
-
Nguyen Khanh, Maj. Gen. (see also
Khanh coup; Khanh
government), 45, 95, 102, 224
- Buddhist-Catholic conflict, 315–316, 321, 325, 413, 540–541
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 246
- China, People’s Republic of:
- Civil Guard, Army status for, 144
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- formation of, 729–732, 817, 818–819, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827–830, 833–835, 836–838, 841–842, 843–845, 846
- military, relations with, 860–861
- ministerial appointments, 860
- pledge of support to, 859
- plotting against, 908, 911, 1008
- U.S. efforts to strengthen, 982–984, 987–989
- “Young Turks” coup attempt, 1015, 1016, 1019, 1020–1023, 1027–1028, 1030, 1031–1032, 1033, 1041–1042, 1046, 1047
- Commander in Chief position, 829, 844, 959, 999, 1008
- communist insurgency:
- counterinsurgency operations:
- coup against Diem, 135
- field trips, 540, 594–595
- France:
- Gulf of Tonkin events, U.S.-RVN consultations re, 614, 623, 627–628, 630
- Harkins’ assessment of, 43
- Health problems, 262–263, 719
- Laos:
- Lodge’s assessment of, 413
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 141, 142–145
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 315–321
- media of RVN, 316
- military colleges, standing with, 1028, 1029–1030
- Minh, campaign against, 671, 710–711, 721
- Minh’s appropriation of money, 381
- Minh’s assessment of, 138
- Neutral solution for Vietnam, 192n , 194
- Ngo Dinh Can’s death sentence, 263
- political adviser for, 126
- political skills, 830–832
- press officer for, 383
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- command structure, 667–668, 731
- desertions, 541–542
- generals’ trial, 264, 346n , 380–381, 391n , 406, 411
- incompetents, replacement of, 320
- intelligence organization, 665–666
- morale problems, 564, 946
- period of service issue, 143
- recruiting for, 541
- reorganization proposals, 1009
- U.S. schooling for officers, 731
- resignation offers, 717–718, 1022–1023
- Rusk, meetings with, 244–248, 405–412
- Self-Defense Corps, 142–143
- self-perception, 666, 667, 668
- Taylor, relations with, 805
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1041n , 1042, 1054–1055
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 320
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 277–278
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 278
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. presidential letter to, 722, 728–729, 771
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 244, 325
- civilian government’s position, 947
- covert operations, 152, 171
- governmental stability in RVN and, 318
- nuclear weapons issue, 410
- political moves in support of military actions, 208
- psychological benefits, 318, 407
- support for, 141, 407
- tit-for-tat military actions, 577–578
- U.S. protection of RVN against reprisal, 328
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 49, 578, 595, 649, 650–651
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 409
- Vietnamese (RVN) pressure on U.S. for, 558, 563–566
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN penetration of government, 409
- war footing for Vietnam, 408–409
- Nguyen Luu Vien, Gen., 775, 777, 787, 833, 836, 842, 844–845, 890, 891–892, 911, 945, 947, 982, 987, 998, 1016, 1017, 1033, 1041n , 1046n , 1047
- Nguyen Ngoc Bich, 695
- Nguyen Ngoc Tho, 16, 19, 28, 31, 32, 40, 46
- Nguyen Ton Hoan, 64, 121, 138, 164n , 257, 362, 392, 415, 499, 696–697, 704, 725–726, 730
- Nguyen Van Hinh, Gen., 36, 695
- Nguyen Van Huyen, 825
- Nguyen Van Luc, 825
- Nguyen Van Thieu, Brig. Gen., 138, 143, 164n , 649, 726
- Nguyen Van Vinh, Lt. Gen., 82–83
- Nguyen Van Vy, Gen., 37, 285, 406, 411, 435
- Nguyen Van Xuan, 695
- Nguyen Xuan Chu, 891
- Nguyen Xuan Oanh, 64, 121, 164n , 203, 324, 391n , 670, 717, 720, 726, 729, 755, 775, 787–788, 1053, 1054, 1055
- Nhut. See Ho Van Nhut.
- Nielsen, Sivert A., 636
- Nittis, Monsignor de, 347
- Nixon, Richard M., 389
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 69, 70, 328, 611, 919
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 895
- appointment of, 886
- basic issues between options, 938–939, 943–944
- “continue present policies” option, 920, 921–922
- “Courses of Action” paper, 916–929
- “fast, unyielding pressure” option, 920, 923–925, 941, 944
- immediate actions, 928–929, 940, 944, 960, 964
- meetings, 910n , 943–945, 958–960, 964–965, 974
- members of, 886–887
- negotiations option, omission of, 912–914, 915
- policy options:
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 965, 969–974, 984
- progress reports on deliberations, 914–916
- “progressive pressure and talk” option, 920, 925–928
- Project Outline, 887–888
- Taylor’s meetings with, 958–960, 974
- Taylor’s questions about options, 960–961
- Nu, U, 643
- Nuclear weapons issue, 244, 250, 378, 410, 679–680
- Oanh. See Nguyen Xuan Oanh .
- O’Brien, Lawrence, 6n
- Pakistan, 240
- Partitioning of RVN, proposed, 12–13
- Peace Corps, RVN, 24n
- Peace Corps, U.S., 261, 273
- Pearson, Lester B., 253, 270, 281, 394–396
- Pham Dang Lam, 16, 28, 30n , 32, 45, 708, 823–824, 836
- Pham Khac Rau, 447, 693–696
- Pham Khac Suu, 823, 936, 946, 948n
- Pham Ngoc Thao, Col., 671, 726, 732, 743
- Pham Thai, 254, 392
- Pham Van Dong, 525, 543, 653n , 1030
- Pham Xuan Chieu, Gen., 31
- Phan Ba Cam, 1005
- Phan Huy Quat, 244, 488, 542, 775n , 787, 841n , 891
- Phan Van Giao, 695
- Phat. See Lam Van Phat, Gen.
- Philippines, 486, 918, 972
- Philips, Richard I., 69
- Phillips, Rufus, 477n , 484, 1040
- Phnoc, Col., 256
- Pinay, Antoine, 220
- Plei Krong, fighting at, 549
- Poats, Rutherford M., 22n , 25, 51n , 337n , 571n
- Political settlement in Vietnam, U.S. consideration of, 518–520
- Political situation in Vietnam (see also Civilian government of Vietnam; Khanh government; Minh government), 126
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia:
- Powell, Herbert B., 981
- Proctor, Carolyn J., 173n , 606n , 625n , 645n
- Pye, Lucian W., 59
- Quyen. See Le Khac Quygen.
- Read, Benjamin, 68, 105, 107n , 397, 914
- Reedy, George, 662, 969
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF) (see also Khanh coup):
- Air Force, aircraft upgrades for, 163, 203–204, 311, 319, 329, 501, 739
- capabilities of, 505–506
- civilian government, relations with, 860–861, 1008–1009
- command structure, 419, 482–484, 667–668, 731, 795–796, 813–814
- communist penetration of, 263
- coup attempt of Sept. 13, 764–772, 774–775, 789–792
- coup plots against Khanh, 122, 322, 434–436, 726–727, 743
- desertions, 310, 541–542, 660–661, 808
- effectiveness, U.S. advisers to report on, 309–310
- force increases, 203, 319, 320, 324
- generals’ arrest and trial, 42, 137–138, 139, 264, 346n , 380–381, 391, 406, 411
- housing problem, 420
- intelligence organization, 253, 660, 665–666, 739
- Khanh’s successor as Commander in Chief, 1024, 1030–1031
- logistic system, 740
- manpower situation, 310, 738, 803
- materiel for, 204
- McCone’s assessment of, 122
- morale problems, 122, 417, 420, 564, 660–661, 807–808, 946
- Westmoreland’s assessment of, 737
- national mobilization proposal, 142–145, 161–162, 202
- Navy, 739
- paramilitary forces (see also specific forces), 162–163
- pay increases, 93
- people, relations with, 479–480, 481
- period of service issue, 143
- recruiting for, 419–420, 541
- regional forces, 541
- reorganization proposals, 1009
- resource management, 417
- training for, 324–325
- unity concerns, 406–407
- U.S. advice, rejection of, 79
- U.S. integration into command structure. See Integration into government structure under U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam.
- U.S. schooling for officers, 731
- “Young Turks” coup attempt. See under Civilian government of Vietnam.
- Robinson, June M., 634n
- Rostow, Walt R., 60
-
Rowan, Carl T., 172, 447n
, 1012n
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 612, 631
- Honolulu meetings June 1964), 429–430, 431
- U.S. information programs and policies in U.S., 523
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam:
- communications czar, 430, 431, 454
- coordination of operations, 384
- credibility concerns, 430
- heroism awards, 452–453
- information advisers in military units, 452, 455
- media coverage of Vietnam and, 261, 384, 454–455
- press officer for Khanh, 383
- psychological warfare campaign, 254–255, 259, 269, 274, 429–430, 450–455
- radios for villages, 452
- rural opinion, studies re, 544–545
- song for RVN, 453
- Vietnam (DRV), broadcasts into, 173, 382, 383, 453
- Vietnamese (RVN) cooperation with, 384–385
- Vietnamese (RVN) leaders, promotion of, 451–452
- youth programs, 453
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Rowen, Henry, 206
-
Rusk, Dean (see also Rusk mission), 1n
, 42n
, 61,
69, 93,
130, 167n
, 184n
, 189n
, 305n
, 391–392, 393n
, 400, 520,
656
- Alliance for Progress, 812
- ambassador to Saigon, selection of, 279, 476
- Cambodia:
- China, People’s Republic of:
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- communist insurgency, 82–83
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 72, 369
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Couve, meeting with, 234–236
- France:
- generals’ trial, 380, 391
- Geneva Accords, election violation issue, 991–992
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 639
- congressional leaders, briefings for, 600, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620
- evidence for U.S. version of events, 644–645
- Maddox, attack on (Aug. 2), 590, 592, 602–603
- Maddox and C. Turner Joy, attack on (Aug. 4), 607, 608
- Morton and Edwards, possible attack on (Sept. 18), 778, 779–780
- retaliations for attacks, 603, 606, 607, 608, 610, 611
- U.N. actions re, 625, 628–630, 635
- U.S.-DRV communications re, 651–653
- U.S. notification of other countries re, 621–622
- U.S. rules of reconnaissance and engagement, 598
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 614
- Gulf of Tonkin resolution, 612
- Hilsman’s parting memoranda, 176, 179
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 412, 414, 415, 416, 420, 422, 423–428, 431, 432, 433, 442
- Humphrey-Quat meeting, 478n
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 556–557, 573
- Khanh, meetings with, 244–248, 405–412
- Khanh coup, 43
- Khanh government:
- ambassadors, 411
- counterinsurgency policy, 47–48
- coup attempt against (Sept. 13), 764, 766–767
- coups against, possible, 322, 435n
- Khanh’s absence from Saigon, 721–722
- Minh’s role, 569
- neutralist sympathizers in, 562–563
- politics, preoccupation with, 392
- provincial administration, 245
- reorganization program, 498, 499n , 670, 707, 709
- transition period, U.S. recommendation for, 51–52, 53
- unity concerns, 405–406
- U.S. policy toward, 797, 798
- Laos:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 151, 247
- Lodge-Harkins relationship, 298–299
- Lodge’s resignation, 521, 522n
- Minh’s appropriation of money, 381
- National Security Action Memorandum 314, 758
- neutral solution for Vietnam:
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 895
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 969n
- Quat, meetings with, 237–238, 447n
- SEATO, 236
- Southeast Asia:
- Sullivan Committee. 80n
- Taylor’s ambassadorial instructions, 974n
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1036–1039, 1044–1045, 1048
- Taylor’s Washington visits:
- third country assistance for Vietnam:
- U.S.-Communist mutual withdrawal, proposed, 128
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam:
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. information programs and policies in U.S., 523
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam:
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam, 337–338
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam:
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 15, 16n , 27n , 34n , 35, 105, 244
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 875n , 876–879, 881–882
- contingency planning, 63, 75
- covert operations, 4–5, 646, 663
- deniability issue, 349
- French position, 464
- governmental stability in RVN and, 895–896
- implications of, 782, 906n
- military options, 370, 371
- naval operations, 251, 253, 780
- nuclear weapons issue, 244, 410
- political moves in support of military actions, 208n
- psychological benefits, 407, 456
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 875n , 876–879, 881–882, 1045–1046, 1052–1053, 1057
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam and, 371
- U.S. presidential politics and, 878
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 570, 587
- U.S.-U.K. consultations re, 108–109
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic perception of U.S. intentions, 561
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic relations and, 81
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 371
- Vietnamese (RVN) pressure on U.S. re, 558, 569–571
- warnings of attacks, 410
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 9
- Vietnam visit in late 1964, proposed, 811–812
- war footing for Vietnam, 284, 287, 291–293
- Rusk mission (April 1964):
- Russell, Richard, 350, 475, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621
- Saigon:
- Saigon-area military initiative (Hop Tac), 660, 662, 738, 752, 776–777, 814, 859
- Saigon evacuation plan, 284–285, 292, 294, 295
- Salans, Carl F., 234, 532n
- Saltonstall, Leverett, 223, 330, 332, 475, 616, 617, 618, 619, 621
- Schlie, Norb, 532n
- Seaborn, J. Blair, 394, 395n , 543, 544, 546, 651, 653n , 1052
- Self-Defense Corps:
- Sharp, Vice Adm. Ulysses S. G., Jr., 295, 422, 428, 689n , 1060n , 1063n
- Shenstone, Michael, 543, 544
- Shriver, Sargeant, 273n , 274, 472–473
- Sibley, Maj. Gen. Alden K., 665–668
- Sihanouk, Prince Norodom, 94, 168, 176–177, 214, 246, 884
- Siho Lamphouthacoul, Gen., 276, 433
- Silver, Sol, 360
- Smart, Gen. Jacob E., 295, 421
- Smith, Bromley, 104, 130–131, 153n , 170n , 222n , 276n , 328n , 369n , 474, 487n , 608, 611n , 632, 707, 914n , 1052n , 1057n
- Smith, Walter Bedell, 279, 476
- Smith, Col. William Y., 174n , 196n , 197, 198–199, 342–343, 631–632
- Solbert, Peter, 25, 59, 248, 598, 600–601
- Southeast Asia:
- Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 224, 236, 482
- Souvanna Phouma, 62, 109, 168, 205n , 214, 215, 370, 402, 557, 574, 579, 580, 581, 655, 674–675, 812, 1011
- Spain, 647
- Special Group for Counterinsurgency, 25–26
- Special Group on covert programs, 5
- Special National Intelligence Estimates:
- State of emergency in Vietnam, 578, 651
- Stevenson, Adlai E., 625, 628, 635, 636, 643, 645, 654, 957
- Stilwell, Maj. Gen. Richard G., 79, 360, 552n , 708, 764
- Stoneman, Walter G., 53n , 337n , 340n , 397, 398
- Strategic hamlet program, 18, 25, 26, 51, 545
- Stromberg, Brig. Gen. W. W., 134–139
- Students in Vietnam, 1007–1008
-
Sullivan, William H., 68, 81n
, 84n
, 104, 105, 108n
,
195n
, 198n
, 229, 255n
, 261, 272n
, 291, 337n
, 340n
, 447, 487–488, 646n
, 798, 804n
, 805
- agricultural situation in Vietnam, 501–502
- Air Force, RVN, 501
- civilian government of Vietnam, 823–825, 836
- communist insurgency, 489
- congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy, 432–433
- counterinsurgency operations:
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 423, 432–433
- Khanh government:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 215, 475
- MACV command change, 200
- McNamara-Taylor mission (March 1964), 133n
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 304–308, 313
- Montagnards, 503
- morale problem in Vietnam, 488–489, 504–505
- political settlement in Vietnam, 518–520
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 505–506
- Sullivan Committee, appointment of, 80
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 268, 502, 526–527
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 503
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam, 501–502
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 301, 350, 359–362, 371, 372, 373, 397, 502–504
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam, 269
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 299–301, 488, 489, 504, 518–520
- Vietnam assignment, 543n
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 75, 174, 300
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 395n
- Vietnam situation, assessment of, 500–507
- war footing for Vietnam:
- Sullivan Committee, 59, 61, 68, 79–80, 93, 291
- Suu. See Pham Khac Suu .
- Sylvester, Arthur, 133n , 134, 313, 441
- Tam, Gen., 731
- Tam Chau, 415, 697, 698, 701, 702, 728, 831, 911, 1001
- Tanham, George, 360
-
Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D. (see also
McNamara-Taylor mission headings), 84n
, 93, 99, 134n
, 668, 723
- Air Force, RVN, 311
- ambassador, appointment as, 523–524, 530–531
- ambassadorial instructions, 530, 538, 974–978
- anti-American sentiment in Vietnam, 804
- Buddhist-Catholic conflict, 540–541
- Cambodia, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 110–111, 150, 884
- China, People’s Republic of, U.S. contacts with, 577
- Civil Guard, 144
- civilian government of Vietnam:
- alternatives to, 952
- assessment of, 888–890, 949–950
- Buddhist opposition, 995, 999, 1000–1003, 1032
- formation of, 803, 815, 818–819, 822–830, 832–838, 840, 841–846
- Huong’s assessment of, 890–892
- installation of, 858–859
- Khanh’s plotting against, 908, 911
- military, relations with, 860–861
- ministerial appointments, 860
- minority groups, relations with, 908, 935–936, 1000–1009
- National Assembly, 911
- objectives, short-term, 896–899
- U.S. efforts to strengthen, 951–952, 958–959, 965–966, 968, 975–976, 982–984, 987–989, 998–1000
- U.S. integration into, 910–911
- U.S. protection from coup, request for, 1047
- “Young Turks” coup attempt, 1014–1023, 1026–1028, 1033–1034, 1046–1047, 1060–1063
- communist insurgency:
- congressional resolution on Southeast
- Asia policy, 432
- counterinsurgency operations:
- command and control system, 813–814
- communications security, 321
- defense against ground attacks, 686, 688
- deterioration of RVN positron, 948–949
- government stability in RVN, relation to, 951, 952
- ground operations, U.S. evaluation of, 802
- guerrilla tactics, 554
- JCS recommendations for actions, 86–89, 850n , 883
- L. B. Johnson, meeting with, 966–967, 968
- provincial troubleshooting, 814–815, 819
- psywar-civic action program in provinces, 997–998
- Saigon-area initiative, 752, 776–777, 814, 859
- U.S. ambassadors’ meeting re, 820–821
- Westmoreland’s assessment of, 736
- generals, conflict with, 1014–1016, 1020–1023, 1032, 1033, 1036–1039, 1041–1042, 1044–1048, 1053–1055
- Gulf of Tonkin events:
- High National Council, 825–827, 838n , 845–846
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 419, 420, 421, 423, 424, 425, 426, 428, 431, 432, 433
- Huong, assessment of, 892
- U. A. Johnson’s assessment of, 937
- Khanh, relations with, 805
-
Khanh government:
- ambassadors, 542
- Buddhist opposition, 696–699, 701–705, 711–712
- coup attempt against (Sept. 13), 766, 770–772, 774–775, 789–792
- coups against, possible, 726–727, 788–789
- Dai Viet threat to, 719, 720
- future prospects, 733–734
- instability of, 565, 787–789, 803
- Khanh’s absence from Saigon, 719–721, 727–729
- Minh’s expulsion from, 595
- neutralist sympathizers in, 562
- proposals for dealing with, 689–693
- reorganization program, 578, 672, 682–684, 703–705, 707–708, 710–713, 717–718, 724–727, 729–733
- succession issue, 627–628
- U.S. policy toward, 797, 798–801
- Khanh’s standing with military colleagues, 1029–1030
- Laos, 370
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into, 110–111
- air strikes, 574, 579, 582–583, 761–763, 820–821, 892–894
- bridgeheads, establishment of, 685
- ground operations, 761–763, 893
- intelligence operations, 428
- parachute drops, 685
- planning and training for, 528–530
- reconnaissance flights, 311
- timetable for, 433
- U.S. ambassadors’ meeting re, 820–821
- U.S. assistance for Laotian aircraft, 821
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 685, 688
- media coverage of Vietnam, 552n
- Minh, assessment of, 721
- Montagnards, revolt against RVN authority, 785–786, 802
- National Security Action Memorandum 314
- NSC Working Group on Vietnam, 895
- reports from Vietnam, quality of, 552–553
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- desertions, 541–542
- strategic hamlet program, 26
- third country assistance for Vietnam:
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam:
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 372, 751
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 373, 431
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam, preconditions for, 861
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam:
- U.S. Mission Council, 539
- U.S. policy in Vietnam:
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 73, 97, 342, 976–977
- accelerated program of actions, 692–693, 734–736
- air strikes, 458, 687, 688, 690, 691–692, 750, 753
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 873–875, 878, 879–880
- contingency planning, 112–118, 170
- “controlled escalation” scenario, 952–957
- covert operations, 338–340, 646–647, 693, 897
- deniability issue, 309
- destruction of DRV will and capabilities, 457
- governmental stability in RVN and, 318, 899–900
- implications of, 880
- JCS recommendations for actions, 850n , 882–884
- military options, 170, 370, 444
- naval operations, 669, 883–884
- objectives and courses of action, 436–437, 457–458
- political moves in support of military actions, 214
- psychological benefits, 897, 952
- reaction times for operations, 170
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 873–875, 878, 879–880, 1043–1044, 1049, 1057
- target selection, 371
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 567–568, 570, 578, 595, 687, 688
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 329
- Vietnamese (RVN) pressure on U.S. for, 558, 563–568
- war footing for Vietnam and, 318
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 544n , 546, 953–954
- war footing for Vietnam, 144, 287n , 295, 318
- Washington visit (Sept. 1964), 707, 733n
- Washington visit (Nov.-Dec. 1964):
- Templer, Gen. Sir Gerald W. R., 181
- Thailand, 15, 124, 177, 439
- Thanat Khoman, 240, 247
- Thang, Col., 649
- Thanom, 610
- Thant, U, 410, 957–958
- Thao. See Pham Ngoc Thao, Col.
- Thi. See Nguyen Chanh Thi, Gen.
- Thien Minh, 697, 698, 701
- Thieu. See Nguyen Van Thieu, Brig. Gen.
- Third country assistance for Vietnam, 268,
320
- civil positrons, 361, 427
- Flood relief, 903, 909
- Lodge’s European trip to promote, 647
- military forces, 246–247, 459, 482
- NATO countries, 328
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia and, 971–972
- progress report on, 839–840
- SEATO countries, 246–247
- Taylor-L. B. Johnson meeting re, 967
- Taylor’s instructions re, 977–978
- U.K. contribution, 981–982, 985–986
- U.S. promotion of, 330–331, 332, 502, 526–527, 647, 980
- U.S. quid pro quos for, 982
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 988–989
- Vietnamese (RVN) efforts re, 448, 552
- Thompson, Llewellyn, 561n , 636n , 782n , 778, 982, 990
- Thompson, R. G. K., 79, 163, 361, 397–398, 423, 985–986
- Thomson, James C., Jr., 189, 706n , 914n
- Throckmorton, Lt. Gen. John L., 628, 1014, 1015, 1030, 1041, 1048
- Thu, Gen., 841, 842
- Ticonderoga, U.S.S., 589, 590, 604, 601n , 626
- Ton, Col., 726, 770, 774, 790
- Ton That Dinh, Maj. Gen., 668, 671, 672
- Tran Ba Thanh, Col., 811
- Tran Chanh Thanh, 682
- Tran Dinh Lam, Lt. Col., 36, 41, 380–381
- Tran Le Quang, 683
- Tran Ngoc Oanh, 64
- Tran Quang Vinh, 825
- Tran Quoc Buu, 53, 269, 341, 414, 423, 668, 720, 788
- Tran Thien Khiem, Lt. Gen., 38, 40, 41, 141, 164n , _47, 362, 381, 627, 628, 667, 694, 728, 788
- Tran Van Do, 711, 860, 891
- Tran Van Don, Gen., 16, 245, 266, 668, 671, 672, 844
- Tran Van Huang, 860, 901n
- civilian government of Vietmam:
- assessment of, 890–892, 946
- formation of, 832, 836, 844–845
- Khanh’s plotting against, 911
- minority groups, relations with, 908, 911, 935–936
- U.S. efforts to strengthen, 982–984, 987–989
- U.S. integration into, 911
- U.S. protection from coup, request for, 1047
- “Young Turks” coup attempt, 1014 1015, 1016–1017, 1019, 1021, 1031–1032, 1033, 1046–1047
- counterinsurgency operations, 946–947
- popular attitude toward, 889
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, reorganization proposals, 1009
- Taylor’s assessment of, 892
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1041n , 1046–1047
- third country assistance for Vietnam, 988
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against, 947
- civilian government of Vietmam:
- Tran Van Huu, 264, 695
- Tran Van Ly, 542
- Tran Van Que, 825
- Tran Van Van, 822–823, 824, 825, 827, 835, 845, 846
- Trend, Sir Burke, 69
- Tri. See Do Cao Tri, Maj. Gen.
- Tri Quang, 263, 305, 313, 314, 415, 541, 709n , 789
- Trimble, William C., 25
- Trinquier, Roger, 197
- Trueheart, William C., 397, 602n , 610n
- Truong Chin, 446
- Tyler, William R., 69, 104, 108n , 621n , 990
- Unger, Leonard, 251, 402, 689n
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See Soviet Union
- United Kingdom, 647, 655
- United Nations, 224, 376, 404
- Chinese People’s Republic admission issue, 15, 16, 32n
- Gulf of Tonkin events and. See under Gulf of Tonkin events.
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 94, 95, 96, 165–166, 371, 426, 503, 677, 973, 1057–1058, 1063, 1065
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam:
- construction projects, 524
- employment programs, 803–804
- fertilizer Program, 163, 204
- flood relief, 901–902, 908, 909
- funding increases, 330, 332, 337–338
- health programs, 261, 502
- irrigation projects, 572
- “progress after pacification” demonstration projects, 571–573, 596–597
- rural development programs, 340–341, 480–481, 501–502
- socioeconomic action program, proposed, 755–758
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 79,
301, 751
- “brain trust” advisers, 22–24, 62
- control capacity, 346, 347
- integration into government structure, 462, 502–503
- administration discussions re, 369, 371, 372–374, 397–398
- civilian government and, 910–911
- Forrestal’s positron, 387–388
- joint operations committees, 427, 431
- personnel for, 360–361
- progress on, 426–427
- Sullivan’s proposal, 350, 359–362
- U.S. hesitation re, 440–441
- Vietnamese (RVN) reservations, 398, 503–504
- Khanh’s request for, 277–278
- Lodge’s position, 278
- political adviser for Khanh, 126
- Rusk’s request for suggestions, 344–346
- U.S. Information Agency (USIA) (see also U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam; Voice of America), 255, 261, 382
- U.S. information programs and policies in U.S., 523
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam, 20
- communications czar, 255, 430–431, 441, 454, 471–472
- communist infiltration evidence. release of, 1012–1014
- coordination of operations, 384, 540
- credibility concerns, 430
- heroism awards, 452–453
- information advisers in military units, 452, 455
- media coverage of Vietnam and, 261, 384, 454–455, 660
- optimistic interpretation of events, 373
- peace offensive, 462
- press officer for Khanh, 383
- psychological warfare campaign, 254–255, 259, 269, 274, 278, 429–430, 450–455
- radios for villages, 452
- rural opinion, studies re, 544–545
- song for RVN, 453
- Vietnam (DRV), broadcasts into, 173, 261, 269, 382, 383, 453
- Vietnamese (RVN) cooperation with, 384–385
- Vietnamese (RVN) leaders, promotion of, 451–452
- youth programs, 453
- U.S. Information Service (USIS), 20, 659
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam:
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam (see also Congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy; Gulf of Tonkin Resolution):
- advisory effort, 738
- combat exposure for troops, 330, 331
- flood relief personnel, 901–902
- force increase to 22,000, 661
- French position, 534
- ground forces, 723–724, 906–907
- legal basis for sending forces to Vietnam, 532
- lengths of tours, 312
- marines to guard installations, 723
- naval presence, 270, 283–284, 290–291, 297, 305, 312, 503
- overflights of RVN territory, 290
- Special Forces, 739
- training programs, 329, 331
- Vietnamese (RVN) attitude toward, 545
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam (see also Ambassador to
Saigon, selection of; Military Assistance Command, U.S.):
- AID director, 198, 201
- Chief of Staff for, 200–201, 393
- CIA station chief, appointment of, 3–4
- Deputy Chief of Mission for, 441
- U. A. Johnson’s assessment of, 937–938
- Lodge-Harkins relationship, 298–299, 326–327
- management problem, 269, 387
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 313–314
- Mission Council, 539
- Rural Operations minister, proposed, 78–79
- situation report on Vietnam, 656–662
- U.S. policy in Vietnam (see also Congressional
resolution on Southeast Asia policy; Gulf of
Tonkin Resolution; National Security Action
Memoranda; NSC Working Group on
Vietnam):
- administration consultations with congressional leaders, 222–224, 328–332, 390
- allies’ positions on, 919
- Asians’ doubts about U.S. intentions, 176–179
- basic posture, McNamara’s recommendations re, 160–161
- McG. Bundy’s courses of action report, 672–679
- checklist of progress, 489
- Chinese People’s Republic attitude toward, 537, 555–556, 557commitment to Vietnam, 299–301, 488–489, 504, 518–520
- De Gaulle’s assessment of, 217–218, 219
- defeat, consequences of, 734
- Defense Department statement on, 119–120
- “domino effect” issue, 484–487
- funds and personnel for, 259, 260–262, 269, 272–274, 319, 324, 337–338, 386, 474, 753, 1058
- Humphrey’s assessment of, 477–484
- Johnson’s television appearances re, 146, 148–150
- manager in Washington for, 59, 61, 68, 79–80, 93
-
Mansfield’s policy
suggestions, 2–3, 67, 1009–1012
- administration officials’ responses, 815
- objectives of, 10–11, 154
- official visits to Vietnam, 67–68
- options available without congressional resolution, 516–518
- political settlement, consideration of, 518–520
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia, 965, 969–974, 984
- presidential letter to Khanh, 722, 728 729, 771
- sphere of influence issue, 555
- strategic importance of Vietnam, 535–536, 752–753
- Taylor’s courses of action reports, 689–693, 733–736
- U.S.-Soviet consultation re, 990–993
- U.S. veterans of Vietnam, use of, 1040
- Valenti, Jack, 781
- Valeo, Frank, 2
- Van Tam, 285
- Vance, Cyrus R., 475, 590, 605, 607, 608, 609, 662, 914n , 1012n , 1044n
- Vann, John, 1040
- Vien. See Nguyen Luu Vien, Gen.
- Viet Cong. See Communist insurgency.
- Vietnam, Democratic Republic of (DRV) (see also Gulf
of Tonkin events; Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN
operations against; Vietnam (DRV)-U.S.
contacts):
- China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 64, 81–82, 157n
- communist insurgency, relation to, 82–83, 123, 156–157, 251, 301–302
- goals re Vietnamese unity, 446
- international conference on Vietnam, proposed, 573
- invasion of RVN, possible, 296–297
- Khanh government, contacts with, 595n , 809–810
- military situation, 421–422
- neutral solution for Vietnam, 83, 229–230
- U.S. broadcasts into, 173, 261, 269, 382, 383, 453
- U.S.-RVN penetration of government, 409
- Vietnam (DRV), U.S.-RVN operations against (see also Congressional resolution on Southeast Asia policy; Gulf of Tonkin resolution), 60, 62
- accelerated program of actions, 692–693, 714–717, 734–736
- air strikes:
- application of power issue, 459–461
- Bien Hoa attack, proposed retaliation for, 873–882, 885–886
- Canadian positioon, 394–396
- carrot-stick approach, 28, 228
- cease-fire goal, 30
- civilian government’s role, 947
- communist insurgency, impact on, 250, 252, 403
- contingency planning, 63, 75–77, 94, 96, 97–99, 112–118, 165, 167, 184–185, 205, 225–229, 308, 463
- “controlled escalation” scenario, 952–957
- covert operations, 154, 249, 306, 342, 372
- cross-border operations and, 226–227
- Cuban situation and, 105–106
- deniability issue, 28, 97–98, 306–307, 309, 349
- DeSoto patrols. See Naval operations below.
- destruction of DRV will and capabilities, 437–440, 457, 681, 715
- economic initiatives, 270
- “fast, unyielding pressure” option. See under NSC Working Group on Vietnam.
- French position, 239, 520–521
- governmental stability in RVN and, 318, 838–839, 895–896, 899–900
- graduated action plan, Sharp’s positron on, 930–932
- Gulf of Tonkin events, retaliation for. See under Gulf of Tonkin events.
- harbors as targets, 599, 605
- Hilsman’s position, 181
- Humphrey’s positron, 483
- implications of, 782–785, 880, 906–907
- infiltration lines, focus on, 962–964
- islands, actions against, 598, 603
- JCS recommendations for actions, 847–850, 854–857, 882–884
- Johnson’s doubts about, 400–401
- Laotian route, 369–370, 374
- “live plan” status, 272
- McCone’s position, 125–126, 127
- McNamara report recommendations, 158–160
- military options, 97–98, 113, 116–118, 159, 170, 370–371, 676–678, 681–682, 713–717
- military pressures short of combat operations, 463–464
- military timing factors, 444
- naval operations (DeSoto patrols), 251–253, 270, 312, 794, 812
- negotiations, relation to, 519–520
- nuclear weapons issue, 244, 250, 378, 410, 679–680
- objectives and courses of action, 300
- overt actions by U.S., political moves in support of, 209–213
- political moves in support of military actions, 27–28, 225–226
- political objectives, 159–160
- Position Paper on Southeast Asia statements on, 970–971, 972–973
- positive inducements for DRV, 446–447
- “progressive action and talk” option. See under NSC Working Group on Vietnam.
- provocative operations, 748–749
- psychological benefits, 318, 329, 387, 407, 415, 456, 897, 952
- public awareness issue, 343
- reaction times for operations, 150, 165, 170, 171, 205, 227
- retaliation for attacks on U.S. personnel, 169
- Rostow’s position, 15–16, 72–74
- Rusk-Khanh consultation re, 244
- scenarios for:
- Soviet response, 105–106, 117, 366–367, 380, 587
- surrender terms, 399
- target selection, 98, 113–114, 342, 371, 438, 649–650, 715
- Taylor’s instructions re, 976–977
- tit-for-tat military actions, 186, 227, 241–242, 271–272, 677, 748, 755, 759, 784
- U.N. actions by U.S. re, 376
- U.N. response, 404
- U.S. consultations with allies, 108–109, 209, 394–396, 445, 979–981
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam and, 95, 96, 371, 1057–1058, 1063, 1065
- U.S.-DRV contacts and, 333–334, 953–954
- U.S. presidential policies and, 174–175, 878
- U.S. protection of RVN against reprisal, 317, 328, 334, 403–404
- U.S. public statements on, 189–190
- U.S.-RVN consultations re, 27, 28–31, 49, 519, 630, 687, 688, 977
- Vietnamese (DRV) air defenses, 421–422
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic perception of U.S. intentions, 561–562
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic relations and, 81–82
- Vietnamese (DRV)-Chinese People’s Republic response, 30–31, 34, 228, 329
- Vietnamese (DRV) concerns about, 82–83
- Vietnamese (RVN) pressure on U.S. for, 558, 563–568, 569–571, 658–659
- war footing for Vietnam and, 288, 292, 294, 317–318
- warnings of attacks, 343, 354–355, 375–376, 410
- world reaction, 30
- Vietnam (DRV)-U.S. contacts, 9, 395n
, 1052
- Canadian intermediary, decision on, 253, 259
- Gulf of Tonkin events, messages re, 651–653
- instructions for intermediary, 281–282, 348, 351–355, 978–979
- Khanh not informed of, 293, 294
- Lodge’s recommendations, 249–250, 306, 307, 327, 333–334, 335
- Pearson contacted about, 253, 270
- Seaborn’s meetings with DRV officials, 525–526, 978n
- Thant’s efforts re, 957–958
- U.S.-Canadian consultations re, 543–544, 546
- U.S. operations against DRV and, 333–334, 953–954
- Vietnamese (DRV) interpretation of U.S. signals, 508
- war footing for Vietnam and, 292, 294
- Vietnam, Republic of:
- See also:
- Civil Guard
- Civilian government of Vietnam
- Communist insurgency
- Counterinsurgency operations
- High National Council
- International conference on Vietnam, proposed
- Khanh coup
- Khanh government
- Media coverage of Vietnam
- Minh government
- Montagnards
- Neutral solution for Vietnam
- Political situation in Vietnam
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces
- Saigon headings
- Self-Defense Corps
- Third country assistance for Vietnam
- U.S. economic assistance to Vietnam
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam
- U.S. information programs and policies in Vietnam
- U.S. military assistance to Vietnam
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam
- U.S. Mission in Vietnam
- War footing for Vietnam
- agricultural situation, 52, 501–502
- alliance with Republic of China and Republic of Korea, proposed, 248
- Amnesty (Chieu Hoi) program, 20–21, 52
- anti-American sentiment in, 746, 804, 809
- anti-communist groups in, 414
- Buddhist-Catholic conflict, 315–316, 321, 324, 325, 347, 386, 413, 415–416, 540–541, 658
- Catholics, 414, 825
- Chinese minority, 1005–1006
- Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG) program, 786
- communist victory, consequences of, 13, 918
- Dai Viet party, 138, 719, 720, 725–726
- economic situation, 19, 88, 659
- Flooding problem, 901–902, 908–909
- France, relations with, 46–47, 53, 188, 232–233, 239–240, 245–246, 319
- French actions against, alleged, 36–38, 58, 264, 265, 285, 294, 302, 380–381
- Hoa Hao party, 17n , 52, 1005
- intelligentsia of, 238, 414–415
- labor movement, 788, 1006–1007
- land reform, 52, 499
- partitioning of, proposed, 12–13
- media of, 101, 316
- morale problem, 488–489, 504–505
- National Police, 162–163
- National Service Act, 143
- state of emergency, 578, 651
- strategic importance to West, 148, 535–536, 752–753
- students, 1007–1008
- U.S.-communist mutual withdrawal, proposed, 128
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 94, 95, 96, 165–166, 371, 426, 503, 677, 973, 1057–1058, 1063, 1065
- Vietnamese (DRV) invasion of, possible, 296–297
- war game on Vietnam, 198–199, 404
- See also:
- Vietnam Committee. See Sullivan Committee.
- Vinh Cheo, fighting at, 549, 551
- Vinson, Carl, 615n
- Vo Nguyen Giap, Gen., 296n , 446, 546, 866
- Voice of America, 382, 383
- Vu Van Mau, 64, 671, 694, 698, 704, 775n , 797, 831, 833, 836, 841
- Vung Tau Charter, 671, 682–684, 703, 709, 711
- Walker, Gordon, 986
- Waller, John K., 979, 980
- War footing for Vietnam, 408–409
- administration discussions re, 287–290
- Diplomatic actions, 301–302
- Felt’s position, 295–296
- Khanh’s abandonment of, 578–579
- Khanh’s proposal for, 284–287, 317–318
- national mobilization proposal, 142–145, 161–162, 202
- partial mobilization, possible, 293, 294
- peasants, programs for, 289–290
- Saigon evacuation plan, 284–285, 292, 294, 295
- urban centers, focus on, 301
- U.S. operations against DRV and, 288, 292, 294, 317–318
- War game on Vietnam, 198–199, 404
- Waters, Gen. John K., 295
- Westmoreland, Gen. William C., 55, 504, 668,
688, 728n
, 945, 959, 932, 987, 1009
- Air Force, RVN, 739
- civilian government of Vietnam, “Young Turks” coup attempt against, 1023, 1024
- communist insurgency,:
- counterinsurgency operations:
- airfield security, 680, 681n
- assessment of, 736–742
- command and control system, 419
- critical provinces, focus on, 424–426, 443
- deterioration of RVN position, 423
- National Pacification Plan, 420–421
- operational effectiveness, 418
- population control, 416
- Saigon-area initiative, 738
- Gulf of Tonkin events, 627, 628
- Honolulu meetings (June 1964), 416–421, 423, 428, 429, 430, 431
- U. A. Johnson’s assessment of, 937
- Khanh government:
- Laos, U.S.-RVN incursions into:
- McNamara-Taylor mission (May 1964), 313
- Military Assistance Command:
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- strategic hamlet program, 416–417
- Taylor’s conflict with generals, 1041
- U.S. dependents in Vietnam, 426
- U.S. governmental involvement in Vietnam, 360, 427,