393. Editorial Note

On July 22, President Eisenhower sent President Bourguiba a letter explaining the U.S. decision to send Marines to Lebanon. The text of the letter was sent to Tunis in telegram 62, which noted it should not be made public. (Department of State, Central Files, 772.11/7–2258) Telegram 96 from Tunis, July 24, reported that Bourguiba had read the French translation of Eisenhower’s letter “with great interest and attention,” and had stated he realized the United States could not always act according to its principles because it had to consider the views of its NATO allies. Bourguiba’s response was reported to the President. (Eisenhower Library, Staff Secretary Records, International Series)

Bourguiba endorsed the U.S. action in Lebanon and reaffirmed Tunisia’s commitment to the West, particularly the United States, in a July 25 address commemorating Tunisian independence. (Telegram 107 from Tunis, July 26; ibid., Herter Papers) Ambassador Jones reported he felt Eisenhower’s letter had “contributed greatly” to the tone and content of this speech. (Telegram 108 from Tunis, July 26; ibid., Staff Secretary Records, International Series) In an August 2 memorandum to the President, Secretary Dulles described Bourguiba’s statement as a major policy address “which I feel constitutes important support for the basic orientation of United States foreign policy, and in the light of recent developments in the Middle East is a most courageous action.” He recommended Eisenhower send Bourguiba a letter of appreciation, but advised it not be published “since it could increase Bourguiba’s difficulties with other Arab leaders” and because his address had criticized France. (Ibid.)

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The letter, sent to Tunis in telegram 96, August 2, referred to Bourguiba’s “courageous and forthright speech” and noted that “in these trying times when the fate of freedom and the rule of law hang in the balance, it is indeed gratifying to hear such responsible voices as yours speak out clearly on the side of justice.” (Department of State, Central Files, 611.72/8–258) Telegram 102 to Tunis, August 4, informed the Embassy the Department of State preferred no publicity be given the letter, but authorized its release at the Tunisian Government’s request. (Ibid., 611.72/8–458)