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893.01/5–1049: Telegram

The Ambassador in China (Stuart) to the Secretary of State

Nanking, May 10, 1949—11 p. m.
[Received May 10—4:20 a. m.]

979. My British colleague has given me copy of his most recent telegram May 5, on “de facto recognition” of a Communist National Government of China. He reports that he has consulted all his colleagues in North Atlantic group that I was the only partial dissenter on two points (see Embtel 943, May 5 to Department, repeated Embassy Canton 3, 59, Shanghai 508). He explained my position as anxiety to do nothing at this stage which might prejudge formal recognition on de jure basis or weaken position of democratic powers seeking to secure liberalization of Chinese Communist regime. Stevenson’s telegram continued that following points emerged from discussions with his colleagues:

(1)
Unanimous opinion, including Commonwealth, that we should let Communists take first step by informing Diplomatic Corps of [Page 20] formation of central government. Should however this fact take form of public announcements rather than communications to other powers an impasse might result.
(2)
Communists may take position not satisfied anything short of formal recognition on de jure basis.
(3)
If diplomatic agents were appointed by powers establishing relations with de facto regime Communists might ask for reciprocal rights of appointment.
(4)
Unanimous agreement for united front but avoid publicity indicating we are “ganging-up” on new regime.
(5)
In any negotiations only form of pressure would be threat to break off and withdraw Ambassadors for consultation.

According to Stevenson’s telegram, French Ambassador emphasizes caution in dealings with Communists which might discourage resistance by Nationals in southwest China. Italian Ambassador warned against taking any action which would hasten disintegration of Kmt with view to keeping UN membership out of Communist hands long as possible. Netherlands Ambassador emphasizes value of continued presence Ambassadors in Nanking.

I told Stevenson I was in general agreement with his report. I shall make more specific remarks for Department’s benefit in subsequent telegram.

Department pass capitals Western Powers at its discretion.

Sent Department 979, repeated OffEmb Canton 389, Shanghai 542.

Stuart