Index

• Abbey, Glenn Allan, 69–70
• Abbott, George M., 63–65, 86, 227–228
• Acheson, Dean G.:
  • Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1098–1105, 1107, 1110, 1112–1121, 1126–1190 passim
  • China White Paper, publication of, 1365–1409 passim
  • Chinese Communist bypassing of U.S. consular offices, 906–913, 915–917, 919–922, 926–931, 934, 939–940, 943.
  • Chinese Communist economic and financial policies, 738, 744, 766, 771, 791, 798, 800–802, 810–811, 814, 970
  • Chinese Communist trade policies, 919, 925, 933, 940–941, 944, 946, 948–949, 976
  • Chinese Communist trade with Japan, 974, 980–982, 984, 987–988, 990–991, 993–996, 1000
  • Chinese Communist trade with the Soviet Union, 934
  • Chinese Communist treatment of U.S. consular offices, 913, 926, 930, 954
  • Economic and financial aid to the Chinese Government, 606–609, 618–625, 630–655 passim, 668–699 passim, 705–706, 708, 710–714, 717, 723, 725, 727, 729, 741–785 passim, 796, 802, 805, 813
  • Economic and financial situation in China, 734–737, 740, 742, 744, 747, 773–774, 782, 787–788, 790, 793–796, 803–804, 814
  • Evacuation of Americans from China, 1216–1310 passim, 1316–1364 passim
  • Japanese peace treaty, 695
  • Military assistance for the Chinese Government, 479, 483, 485–486, 488–489, 491, 495, 498–500, 502, 506, 513–515, 517, 535, 551, 555–556, 558n , 568, 577–578, 581–582, 589–590, 597
  • Military situation in China, 476, 502–503, 541, 546, 548, 550, 552–555, 598
  • North Atlantic treaty countries, military assistance for, 571
  • Petroleum supplies for Communist China, 1002–1003, 1006–1010, 1012, 1014–1022, 1027, 1029–1030, 1035
  • Recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 11–12, 14–30, 32–33, 35–36, 42–43, 45–55, 61–260 passim, 803–804, 807–808
  • Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding Sinkiang, 1037, 1039–1044, 1046–1058, 1060–1063
  • Soviet-Manchurian trade agreement, 955–957, 959, 961, 967, 969
  • Taiwan, U.S. policy toward, 271–345 passim, 350–356, 364–391 passim, 397–471 passim, 697
  • Tibet, status of, 1064–1097
  • Trade with Communist China, U.S. policy regarding, 826–834, 842–844, 846–847, 852, 854–861, 863–872, 878, 880–890, 893, 896–897, 906, 933–934, 936–938, 941, 943, 945, 950–951, 955, 958, 960–961, 963–964, 969, 973, 983, 985, 992
  • U.S. Commission to China, proposed, 510
  • U.S. Military grant to Chinese Government ($125 million), 477–478
  • U.S. Naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1191–1200, 1202–1209
  • U.S. policy toward China, 485, 491–495, 499, 507–509, 511, 518, 524, 526, 1409
  • Ward case, 196
• Acheson, Edward C., 373
• Achilles, Theodore, 512, 515–516, 527
• Adea, Manuel, 211
• Air Force, (U.S.) Department of the, 497
• Aisabek, 1049, 1061
• Alaska Airlines, 1314
• Albania, 11, 22
• Allison, John M., 160n , 269–270, 374n , 505–506, 1015, 1368–1369
• Almond, Maj. Gen. Edward M., 544
• American Advisory Committee, 1259
• American and Foreign Power Company, 1009
• American Association (Shanghai), 1276–1278, 1282–1283, 1286, 1288, 1293, 1296, 1300, 1304, 1307, 1309, 1342–1343, 1345–1346
• American Bible Society, 1259
• American Chamber of Commerce (Shanghai), 1275, 1281–1283, 1286, 1292–1295, 1298, 1302–1305, 1307, 1309, 1316–1318, 1338–1339, 1350
• American Church Mission, 1259
• American Club (Shanghai), 1259, 1350
• American Commercial Bank, 781
• American Express Company, 1351–1352
• American Jewish Joint Distribution Center, 1363
• American Mail Lines, 917, 929, 1132–1133, 1257
• American President Lines, 907–910, 913, 917, 929, 1101, 1108, 1259, 1276–1278, 1283–1286, 1289, 1291, 1295–1297, 1303, 1305, 1307, 1309, 1311, 1314, 1319–1321, 1324–1325, 1328–1333, 1335–1336, 1341, 1343–1347
• American School (Shanghai), 1259
• Amtorg Trading Corporation, 831, 947
• Andersen, Meyer & Co., 792, 1254, 1259, 1262, 1350
• Anderson, France, Jr., 86
• Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, 1016–1019, 1028–1030
• Argentina, 258
• Armco Steel Company, 971–973
• Armstrong, Park, 1376
• Armstrong, Willis G., 900
• Army, (U.S.) Department of the: China White Paper, publication of, 1378, 1381–1382, 1387; evacuation of Americans from China, 1219; Far East Air Force team, question of visit to Taiwan, 426–427; Japanese trade with the Chinese Communists, 843; military advisers for Chinese Government, question of, 497, 977–980, 1001; military grant ($125 million) to the Chinese Government, 477, 512, 581; surplus sales to Chinese Government, 502–503, 528, 597; trade between Taiwan and Japan, 355; trade with Chinese Communists, 844
• Asiatic Petroleum Company, 1034–1035
• Attlee, Clement R., 101, 118, 223, 240
• Austin, Warren R., 103–104, 195, 1396–1397
• Australia (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question), 360n , 432, 726–727, 822
• Bacon, Leonard Lee, 115–116, 162, 174–175, 181–182, 193–194, 1248, 1349, 1361–1362
• Bacon, Ruth E., 258–260, 1065–1071
• Badger, Vice Adm. Oscar C., 265, 414, 430, 448–550, 657, 664–665, 1126, 1132n , 1133, 1191–1197, 1200–1206, 1209, 1216–1219, 1233, 1240–1242, 1244–1249, 1251, 1254, 1257, 1297, 1325
• Baeyens, Jacques, 21, 26–27, 45, 47, 49, 132, 136, 164, 194, 213, 236–237
• Bajpai, Sir Girja Shankar, 29, 44–46, 100, 127, 196–197, 210, 215–216, 221, 1082, 1087, 1092
• Baker, John Earl, 617n , 619, 661
• Balfour, Guthrie & Company, 950
• Bank of America, 780, 797, 810–812, 1278, 1286, 1346
• Bank of California, 813
• Bank of China (Chinese Government) (see also under Chinese Communists), 718, 789, 796–797, 808
• Bank of the Manhattan Company, 803
• Bao Dai, 21, 64, 136, 169, 177, 185, 189–190, 201, 226, 228, 237, 240–241, 251, 592
• Barbour, Walworth, 111, 130–131, 888–889
• Barclay, Roderick E., 88
• Barkeley, Alben W., 485, 506, 614
• Barnett, Robert W., 812, 815–816, 900, 1001n , 1031
• Barr, Maj. Gen. David G., 275, 278, 280, 462, 478–483, 491, 495–497, 514–515, 560, 568, 657, 1193, 1378, 1381
• Barrett, Col. David D., 475
• Bartlett, Frederic P., 869, 897, 899, 906
• Baruch, Herman B., 18
• Battle, Lucius D., 29, 1372
• Bay, Charles U., 250–251
• Beam, Jacob D., 229–230, 887
• Behr, Charles, 1312n
• Belgium, 102, 164, 230–231, 507, 863–864, 866–870, 873, 879–884, 887, 893–894, 896–906
• Bell, George L., 856
• Bender, Elmer C., 98, 192, 231, 247, 252, 996–999
• Bennett, Josiah W., 1221n , 1222, 1223n , 1226–1227
• Berkey, Adm. Russel S., 419, 1354
• Berkner, Lloyd V., 528
• Berlin blockade, 975
• Berry, Lampton, 160n
• Berthoud, Eric A., 869–870
• Bevin, Ernest: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 88–89, 1110–1111, 1147; British policy toward China, 56–57, 88–90; Communist influence in India, 55; economic survey of Southeast Asia, 56; French Indochina, British policy toward, 189–190, 226, 257–258; Indonesian situation, 91; Japanese peace treaty, 695; recognition of Chinese Communists, 2, 20, 50–52, 54, 68–69, 76, 81–85, 88, 90, 97, 103–104, 109–110, 118–120, 123, 128, 132, 134–135, 138–139, 146–147, 150–154, 169–170, 176, 182–183, 189, 191, 193–194, 198–201, 208, 219, 221, 223–226, 236–237, 240–242, 248, 257; Taiwan, British policy toward, 343, 436–437, 443, 589; Tibet, British policy toward, 1084–1086; trade with Communist China, [Page 1415] 852, 872, 875, 878–880, 884, 893; visit to Washington, 52–53, 870
• Bhakta, D., 1081
• Bhutan, 9, 1066, 1094–1095
• Bingham, Barry, 510
• Bishop, Max W., 561
• Bissell, Richard M., Jr., 670–671
• Bitting, S. T., 1312n
• Blaisdell, Thomas C., Jr., 498–499, 506n
• Blake, T. D., 1312n
• Bliss, Don C., 187, 866, 896
• Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 536, 562–563, 585, 874, 891, 895, 949, 951–953, 956, 964, 966, 971, 973, 1015, 1098–1190, 1273, 1279–1280, 1283, 1289–1290, 1292–1298, 1297, 1301, 1305–1306, 1313, 1315–1316, 1318, 1322, 1359, 1361–1363, 1393
  • British policy toward, 69, 121, 1018, 1100–1101, 1110–1112, 1114–1116, 1118–1119, 1121–1126, 1130, 1139–1140, 1147–1154, 1156–1161, 1163
  • Chinese Communists, effect on, 1106–1110, 1125–1126, 1128–1130, 1262–1264, 1276–1277, 1280, 1283–1284, 1293–1294, 1298–1299, 1301, 1319, 1326, 1334, 1353, 1362–1364
  • French policy toward, 89, 874–875, 1115, 1118–1119, 1121, 1334
  • Greek position, 1121
  • Italian position, 1121
  • Portuguese position, 1121
  • U.S. policy regarding, 88–89, 1098–1100, 1102–1107, 1112–1114, 1116–1117, 1119–1123, 1132–1136, 1138–1142, 1146, 1152–1153, 1155–1156, 1160–1162, 1164–1165, 1167, 1169, 1171–1173, 1175–1184, 1186–1187, 1189–1190, 1263–1264, 1287, 1290, 1294–1295, 1304, 1319–1320, 1326, 1333–1334, 1339, 1345
  • U.S. shipping, interference by Chinese Government Navy with, 1139–1146, 1149, 1152–1153, 1156, 1163–1187, 1189, 1353
• Board of Supplies of the Executive Yuan, 785
• Board of Trustees for Rehabilitation Affairs (BOTRA), 1297, 1351–1352, 1363
• Board well, P. H., 1351–1352
• Boehringer, Carl H., 1000–1001
• Bohlen, Charles E., 43
• Bonnet, Henri, 88–89, 96, 236
• Boon, Hendrik N., 199
• Borneo, North, 8
• Bounous, Franco, 99–100
• Bourne, Al, 1281
• Bowles, Francis G., 342
• Bradley, Gen. Omar N., 376–378, 460–461, 463–464, 466–467
• Brandon, Dorothy, 451
• Branning, A. L., 1351–1352, 1363
• Bréal, Michel, 108, 780n , 914n
• British Commonwealth. see under Chinese Communists: Recognition question and U.S. export controls, etc.
• British Commonwealth conference at Colombo, 194, 201, 204, 206, 217, 219, 222, 226, 238, 240–241, 249, 255, 258, 442
• Brown, Aaron S., 223n
• Brown, Constantine, 504
• Brown, Stephen C., 834–837, 849–851, 950–951, 971–973, 1001n , 1004–1006, 1031–1034
• Brown, Willard O., 944
• Bruce, David K. E., 26–27, 132–133, 136, 164, 183, 189–190, 194, 205, 213, 226–227, 236–237, 863, 1115
• Bruce, Howard, 611, 614, 617–618
• Bryner and Company, 909, 987, 991
• Budget, (U.S.) Bureau of the, 317, 602–603, 609
• Bulgaria, 98, 923
• Burhan (Pao Erh-han), 1039, 1041, 1044–1045, 1060, 1063
• Burma (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question): Effect of Chinese Communist victory on, 5, 9–10, 74, 176, 232, 239, 255, 465, 520, 584, 714, 723–724, 820, 822, 860, 951, 1065; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; nationalist movement in, 91; political situation, 166, 178; rice shipments to China, 675; U.S. military assistance, 570, 572–574; U.S. policy toward, 162
• Burnside, Maurice G., 544
• Burton, John W., 19, 32–33, 41, 49, 179–180
• Butler, Robert, 102
• Butterfield and Swire, 909, 913, 916–917, 1101, 1168, 1278, 1288, 1296, 1360
• Butterworth, W. Walton: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 89, 1110, 1118–1119, 1122–1123, 1125, 1127; China White Paper, publication of, 1373–1374, 1376; Chinese airlines, question of U.S. economic assistance for, 517–518; Chinese Communist economic and financial policies, 814; Chinese Communist efforts to revive trade with Japan, 998; ECA aid to Chinese Communist areas, cessation of, 823–824; economic and financial aid to the Chinese Government, 601–607, 610–614, 616, 619, 624, 630, 635, 638, 640n , 641, 645–649, 651, 667, 701–707, 718, 720–724, 751, 775, 782, 789, 1368; evacuation of Americans from China, 1210–1212, 1273; military assistance to the Chinese Government, [Page 1416] 483–485, 490–491, 498–499, 511, 558, 568–574, 576, 581, 582n , 589–594; petroleum supplies for Chinese Communists and North Korea, question of, 1024–1027; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 5–6, 12n , 31, 76–78, 81–83, 85, 88, 90, 103n , 108, 120, 149–151, 160n , 184–188, 199–203, 213–214, 219–220, 224–225; Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding Sinkiang, 1046–1047; Taiwan, U.S. policy regarding, 263n , 279–280, 289, 297, 304, 313, 317–318, 328–329, 337, 346, 352, 355, 365–368, 371–373, 388–389, 403, 421, 431, 438, 442, 456–457, 461–465, 468, 607; Tibet, status of, 1076, 1085n ; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1201–1202, 1204; U.S. policy toward China, 511; U.S. trade with Communist-occupied China, 823–826, 841–842, 849–853, 872–874
• Buxton, Martin P., 914n
• Byroade, Col. Henry A., 1383–1385
• Cabot, John M.: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1099, 1101, 1107–1110, 1112, 1116–1117, 1119; Chinese Communist bypassing of U.S. consular offices, 906–934 passim, 939, 951n ; Chinese Communist trade policies, 946–949, 965, 967; Chinese Communist trade with Japan, 980–981, 987–988, 990; Chinese Communist trade with Nationalist China, 925–926; Chinese Communist trade with the Soviet Union, 934; economic and financial aid for the Chinese Government, 617, 619–621, 623, 637–640, 645, 649–651; economic and financial situation in China, 734–765 passim, 783, 791–793, 797; evacuation of Americans from China, 1217–1268 passim, 1273, 1293, 1305, 1312–1315, 1317, 1330; military assistance to the Chinese Government, 478, 480; petroleum supplies for Chinese Communists, 1002, 1006–1010, 1012–1013, 1015, 1017, 1019–1020; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 14, 66; Taiwan question, 276, 287, 299, 301, 309, 311, 316–317, 354; U.S. export controls against Chinese Communists, 933, 936, 938–939, 941–942, 983–984; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1205–1206; U.S. trade policy toward Chinese Communists, 938, 943, 945–946
• Cabot, Mrs. John M., 1231
• Cadogan, Sir Alexander M. G., 85
• Caffery, Jefferson, 19, 21, 115, 706n
• Cairo Conference (1943), 1370
• California Texas Oil Company, 792, 843, 871, 1002–1003, 1006, 1011–1036 passim, 1281, 1286, 1337–1338, 1351–1352
• Callanan, Leo J., 781n , 1282, 1348, 1363
• Cammonn, Schuyler, 1079–1080
• Canada (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question), 258, 360n , 881, 904, 982
• Cannon, Cavendish, 104
• Carpenter, Gardner E., 148
• Carter, Brig. Gen. Marshal S., 484–486
• Case, Everett, 160n , 208, 379n , 551n , 1312
• Central Air Transport Corporation (CATC), 521, 759, 1054
• Central Bank of China, 304, 427, 634, 675, 718, 730–731, 736–764 passim, 771–803 passim, 808, 925, 947, 1108, 1303
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 393, 591, 648–649, 1022
• Central Trust of China, 736, 743, 925, 947, 958, 967, 1015
• Ceylon, 177, 201, 210, 255, 820
• Chang, Carsun, 1407
• Chang Chih-chung, Gen., 1037–1042, 1044–1049, 1053, 1055–1056, 1059–1060
• Chang Chun, 471, 522, 697–698
• Chang Fa-kwei, Gen., 702, 753
• Chang Han-fu, 1342, 1345–1346
• Chang Kia-ngau, 741, 749
• Chang Li-sheng, 443
• Chang Tsung-ping, 944–945, 976–977, 982, 988–991
• Chang Tung-sun, 1407
• Chapin, Selden, 180, 199, 233–234, 255
• Chase Bank, 745, 775–776, 923, 1259, 1278, 1286, 1346, 1350, 1352
• Chen, K. P., 749
• Chen Cheng, Gen., 268–269, 272, 278–279, 283, 289–290, 292, 297–345 passim, 351–352, 354, 356, 364–365, 368–371, 381, 385, 390–391, 400–434 passim, 441, 443, 445, 448–449, 451, 453, 458, 484, 664, 720, 753, 1100, 1160, 1176, 1179–1180, 1336, 1340–1341, 1392, 1395
• Chen Chi-tang, Gen., 555, 702
• Chen Chih-ping, 451
• Chen Ching-fen, 455
• Chen Fong-chu, 334
• Chen Kuo-fu, 282n , 413n , 701n , 759n
• Chen Li-fu, 283n , 413n , 701n , 759n , 1395–1396
• Chen Ming-shu, 1126
• Chen Ta-ching, Gen., 774n , 1244–1245
• Chen Tai-chu, 551n , 1041, 1050–1051, 1053, 1103, 1135–1136, 1148, 1153, 1308, 1327, 1335–1336, 1344
• Chen Tien-shun, 449
• Chen Yi, 313, 457
• Chen Yi, Gen., 1126, 1337, 1403
• Chen Ying, 1013
• Cheng Cheng-kung (Koxinga), 404
• Cheng Chieh-min (Cheng Kai-ming), 412–414, 580–581
• Cheng Szu-yuan, 1394, 1399
• Chennault, Maj. Gen. Claire L., 383, 517–523, 545, 556, 559
• Chiang Ching-kuo, Gen., 732, 786, 1109
• Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo (see also under Taiwan):
  • Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports, 1103, 1120–1121, 1126, 1306
  • Cairo Conference (1943), 1370
  • Cairo Declaration (1943), 207n , 343n
  • China White Paper, 1373, 1380, 1389, 1393, 1396, 1398–1399, 1404
  • Conversations with: President Quirino of the Philippines, 51, 116; Senator H. Alexander Smith, 206
  • Economic and financial measures, 662, 718–719, 730–731, 749–750, 760, 783, 785, 796
  • Evacuation of Americans from China, 1336
  • Military situation in China, 2, 80, 89, 336, 504, 526, 542, 545, 547–549, 553, 555, 560–561, 563, 701–702, 717, 724–725, 1193–1194, 1403
  • Political situation in China, 3, 6, 90, 112, 154, 249, 263, 324, 333, 338–339, 369, 396, 413, 481, 494, 517–518, 522–523, 542, 547–548, 553, 560, 562, 580, 592–593, 595, 636–637, 663, 677, 694, 701–705, 707, 713, 719–721, 725, 753–754, 1109n , 1211, 1342, 1393
  • Republic of Korea, relations with, 80–81
  • Retirement as President of China, 481–482, 618n , 663, 676n , 701, 1103n , 1200n , 1220
  • Soviet attitude toward, 1406–1407
  • Soviet influence in Sinkiang, 1038
  • Soviet Union, negotiations with, 1401
  • Stalin, attitude toward, 1407
  • United Nations action regarding Manchuria, proposed, 1366
  • U.S. economic and financial assistance, 435, 618
  • U.S. military assistance, 483, 706, 717, 724
  • U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1193–1194
  • U.S. support for, question of, 382, 706
  • Visit to the Philippines, 394, 432
• Chiang Kai-shek, Mme., 403, 414, 706
• Chiang Mon-lin, 381, 620, 661, 1396
• Chiang Wei-chuang, 398, 406, 441, 447–449
• Chien, C. F., 386–388
• Chifley, Joseph B., 28
• Chin Ting-chin, 992
• China Aid Act (1948), 304, 478, 488, 505, 508, 513–515, 534, 576, 587, 599–602, 605, 609–610, 612, 614n , 615, 652, 656–657, 660, 664, 671n , 672, 674, 679–681, 684, 688, 698, 706, 717, 977
• China Aid Program, questions regarding continuation of, 298, 329, 413, 420, 606, 613–622, 624, 626, 630, 672–675, 683, 690, 1265
• China Democratic League, 7, 323, 1407–1409
• China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC), 521
• China Petroleum Corporation, 959, 1021, 1032
• China Relief Mission, 621, 638–639, 658, 660
• China Weekly Review, 1259
• China White Paper:
  • Chiang Kai-shek, reference to and effect on, 1373, 1380, 1389, 1393, 1396, 1398–1399, 1404
  • Consultations with British, 51
  • Publication of, 368, 1365–1409
  • Reactions: British, 249; Chinese Communists, 382, 1393–1394, 1399–1400, 1403–1404, 1406–1409; Chinese Government, 676, 712, 717, 1369, 1373, 1387, 1389, 1392–1399, 1401–1406; French Indochina, 87; Singapore, 76; Soviet Union, 154, 1406–1407; U.S. Congress, 1373–1376, 1389–1390
  • Taiwan chapter, 360, 406
  • U.S. objectives, 157, 420, 534, 1317
  • Wedemeyer Report on China (1947), inclusion of, 1365–1367
• Chinese Air Force (see also under Taiwan), bombing of foreign vessels by the, 1111, 1114, 1120
• Chinese Communist Party (see also Chinese Communists): Anti-American campaign, 976, 1126; China White Paper, 1399–1400, 1407; economic policies, 975, 1275, 1313, 1403; Japanese peace treaty, interest in, 54; military activities, 1039–1040, 1042; Marshall Mission to China, attitude toward, 1384–1385: Soviet Union, attitude toward, 956–957, 962, 976, 1045, 1055, 1394, 1400; U.S. views regarding, 1394
• Chinese Communists (see also Chinese Communist Party and under Blockade, etc.; China White Paper: Reactions; Evacuation of Americans from China; and Taiwan):
  • Abrogation of treaties with foreign powers, question of, 11, 78, 82, 168, 638, 1109
  • Air agreements with, U.S. opposition to, 145, 892, 1299–1300, 1350
  • Anti-American attitude, 1273
  • Bank of China, 773, 778–779, 783–784, 786, 788, 796–797, 800n , 801, 810–813, 1303
  • Banking regulations, 988
  • British policy toward, 181, 837, 874–875, 1115, 1124
  • British relief supplies, 1122–1126, 1130, 1273–1274, 1277
  • British shipping, incidents involving: Amethyst, 181, 326, 536–537, 1241–1242; HMS London, 1243–1244, 1246; MacFarlane, 181
  • British trade policy toward Chinese Communist-occupied China, 817–825, 828, 837–842, 844, 932–933, 938, 941
  • Central People’s Government, establishment of, 93–96, 101, 116, 121–124, 195
  • China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, 909
  • China Mutual Trading Company, 986–987, 993
  • Chinese Petroleum Corporation, 1016–1017, 1021, 1024–1026, 1028–1031, 1036
  • Control over mainland China by, effects of, 6–11
  • Economic and financial policies, 738–740, 744, 748, 766–767, 791–793, 798–801, 810–814, 838, 970–971, 1312–1313
  • Economic Cooperation Administration:
    • Aid program: Attitude toward, 626, 638, 935, 956; suspension of, 1012–1013
    • Assets and supplies, seizure of, 624–626, 637, 663, 668
  • Foreign banks, attitude toward, 739–740, 771, 800–802, 917, 923, 952
  • Foreign business and trading interests, policy toward, 5, 50–51, 54, 58–59, 75, 84, 86, 88, 153, 173, 814, 818, 829, 831, 837–840, 847, 862, 891, 913, 917, 928, 931, 938, 983, 1122, 1212, 1262–1264, 1267, 1273, 1275, 1277, 1279–1280, 1313, 1317
  • Foreign currencies, regulations demanding surrender of, 765–766, 770, 772–773, 778–779, 781–784, 786–788, 797–799, 806–807, 809–811, 952, 1109
  • Foreign trade policies and practices, 748, 800, 812, 818–819, 825, 831, 833–834, 838, 876–877, 906–974, 984, 1124, 1313
  • French policy toward, 875
  • Gould-Miner case, 1302
  • Hong Kong, attitude toward, 818, 820
  • Marshall Mission to China, attitude toward, 1384–1385
  • North China People’s Government, 12, 956
  • North China Trading Company, 995
  • Northeast Export Company, 995
  • People’s Consultative Conference, 94, 935
  • People’s Republic of China, establishment of, 93–94
  • Petroleum products for Communist China and North Korea:
    • British position, 840, 866–867, 871, 873, 877, 879, 881, 884, 892–893, 900–902, 954, 1002, 1015–1018, 1031–1032, 1035
    • Indonesian position, 887, 1030
    • Middle East supplies, 939
    • Netherlands position, 840, 866–867, 879, 881–882, 884, 893, 900–902, 905, 1031–1032, 1035
    • Soviet supplies, 931–932, 934, 937, 968, 1008, 1011, 1021, 1026, 1031–1032
    • U.S. policy regarding control over exports of, 825–826, 840, 843, 847–848, 868, 871, 877, 879, 881–882, 884, 892, 905, 921–924, 932, 937, 939, 954, 1002–1036
  • Philippines, policy toward, 255, 342
  • Protection of Americans and American interests, problems concerning, 539–540, 913, 917–918, 931–932, 1251–1252, 1258–1260, 1266–1268, 1270, 1274–1277, 1280, 1293, 1310, 1318, 1356
  • Recognition question:
    • Australian position, 19, 23, 28, 32–33, 35–36, 48–49, 62, 77, 91–92, 142, 145, 147, 155, 164, 179–180, 189, 193, 200–201, 210, 221, 224, 238, 260
    • Belgian position, 102, 164, 230–231
    • British Commonwealth position, 5, 13, 15, 19, 21, 24, 28, 33, 60–61, 71, 74, 138, 150, 152, 193–194, 199–201, 210, 217, 221–222, 226, 238, 243
    • British policy regarding, 1–6, 11–12, 14–17, 19–20, 23, 25–26, 28, 35, 47–48, 51–62, 65–66, 68–70, 76–110 passim, 118–119, 123, 379, 1110–1111; de facto recognition, 103, 109, 118–121, 124–125, 128, 130–140, 143, 145–148, 821; de jure recognition, 149–156, 160, 163–165, 173, 175–177, 181–189, 191, 193–194, 200–254 passim, 259–260, 442–443, 463, 815
    • Bulgarian recognition, 98
    • Burma: Policy, 33–34, 37–41, 79–80, 162, 168n , 169, 197, 210, 212, 214–215, 218, 221, 223; recognition, 223, 227, 243, 246, 248–249, 252–253, 259
    • Canadian position, 18, 23–24, 142–143, 145–146, 155, 191–193, 200–203, 210, 216–217, 221, 240
    • Ceylon: Policy, 201, 210; recognition, 255
    • Chinese Government position, 1102, 1105, 1110–1111, 1113, 1118
    • Cuban position, 102
    • Danish recognition, 235, 250, 252, 259
    • Egyptian position, 115
    • French position, 5, 16, 19–21, 23–24, 26–29, 43, 45, 47–49, 62, 65–66, 76, 90–91, 96–97, 100, 108–109, 123, 126, 132–133, 136, 163–165, 189–190, 194, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 228, 230, 236–237, 240, 251
    • Hungarian recognition, 101
    • India: Policy, 24, 28–29, 31, 43–46, 55, 70–74, 77, 100–101, 105, 116–117, 123–125, 127–128, 133–134, 138, 143, 147, 155, 162, 164–167, 177–180, 193, 196, 198–201, 210, 212, 215–216, 221–222, 1093, 1097; recognition, 227, 229, 240, 243, 245, 254, 259
    • Indonesian position, 69–70, 169, 197, 199, 229–230, 233–234, 245
    • Italian position, 17, 23, 99–100, 109, 136, 149, 163–164, 209, 217–218, 221–223, 236
    • Mongolian People’s Republic, recognition by, 111
    • Netherlands position, 18, 23–24, 98–99, 102, 125–126, 131–132, 135–136, 140, 155, 164, 180, 194, 199, 201, 218, 233–234, 243–246
    • New Zealand position, 164, 180, 193–194, 200, 204, 210, 221, 224, 260
    • North Atlantic treaty powers, position of, 13, 15–17, 19, 21, 24, 26–27, 60–61, 81, 163
    • Norwegian recognition, 250–252, 259
    • Pakistan position, 45, 112, 164, 193, 201, 210, 221
    • Philippine position, 32, 42, 65–66, 70, 115–116, 119, 126–127, 167–169, 211, 223, 229–230, 234–235, 435
    • Polish recognition, 97
    • Portuguese position, 25–26, 188, 217, 246–247
    • Republic of Korea position, 80–81, 144–145, 196–197, 223, 230
    • Southeast Asia, attitude of, 71, 77–78, 214
    • Soviet Union: Position, 27, 60, 77, 1062; recognition, 94–96, 111, 141, 152, 220, 582–583
    • Swedish recognition, 250–259
    • Swiss position, 209–210
    • Thai position, 62–63, 86, 140–141, 168n , 169, 176, 197–198, 212, 238–239
    • U.S. policy regarding, 6, 11–42 passim, 50–54, 61–62, 65–69, 71–72, 81–83, 85, 91–93, 96–97, 100, 103–104, 106–110, 117–119, 121–124, 128–130, 140, 143–144, 154–163, 168–170, 183–184, 189, 196–197, 203, 206–207, 211–214, 216, 219–220, 222–223, 228–233, 243–245, 247, 251–256, 462, 467, 494, 581, 655, 707, 723, 803–804, 807–808, 926, 965, 983, 1230, 1260, 1264, 1294, 1332, 1394
    • Vatican policy, 116, 162, 174–175, 203–205, 217
    • Yugoslav recognition, 104, 122
  • San Yuan–Yung Sheng group, 993–995
  • Shipping regulations, 913, 917
  • Sino-American treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation (1946), denunciation of, 231
  • Smith–Bender case, 98, 192, 231, 247, 996–999
  • Soviet assistance to and influence over, question, 3–4, 35, 37–38, 57, 73, 83, 105, 114, 144, 152–153, 159, 174–175, 202, 215, 225, 227, 232, 466, 493–495, 535, 537, 543, 582–583, 620, 626, 824–825, 827–831, 833–834, 838, 888, 892, 946–947, 955–959, 961–963, 975, 1129, 1265, 1398, 1406
  • Soviet-Manchurian trade agreement, 906, 955–963, 967–969, 1026, 1046–1047; Chinese Government protest, 959–960
  • Tariffs: Abolition of GATT agreements, 919, 933, 940–941, 943–945, 948–949, 960–961, 988; new regulations, 920, 924, 988
  • Trade with Japan: Efforts to revive, 824–825, 827, 829–830, 833–834, 836, 843, 942, 973–977, 980–984, 986–1001; SCAP position, 975–1001; U.S. interest in, 973–1001
  • Trade with Nationalist China, 925–926
  • U.S. consular offices, bypassing of, 906–910, 915–925, 929–930, 943, 981, 987; U.S. policy regarding, 908, 911–912, 914–915, 926–927, 930–931
  • U.S. consular offices, questions regarding utilization of confidential radio communications by, 911–912, 914–917, 919, 926, 978
  • U.S. consular offices, treatment of (see also U.S. Consultate General at Mukden, etc., infra), 14, 23, 98, 508, 847, 891–892, 906, 910–911, 913–915, 918, 922–923, 926, 935–936, 944, 946, 976, 978–982, 1220, 1251
  • U.S. consular posts, closure of, 55, 89, 243, 534, 954, 989, 1061, 1063, 1291, 1315
  • U.S. Consultate General at Mukden, treatment of staff of the, 98, 102, 104, 111, 117–118, 137, 168, 170, 175, 188–189, 192, 196, 198, 201, 210, 213, 216, 231, 244–245, 247, 249, 251–252, 534, 637, 891, 913–914, 916, 918–919, 923, 931, 935, 938, 976, 978, 981, 984, 987, 989, 996–999, 1217, 1224, 1251, 1355, 1359
  • U.S. economic and financial aid in areas controlled by, suspension of, 610–627, 630, 636–640, 642–656, 667, 688, 690, 823–824, 1012–1013
  • U.S. export controls for Communist China and North Korea:
    • Anglo-American technical discussions, 856–859, 861–868, 878, 887, 893, 947, 949n , 950, 1016n
    • British Commonwealth position, 825–826, 848, 879, 881, 884, 894, 899, 905
    • British position, 817, 824–826, 832, 835–837, 840, 843–853, 855, 860–888 passim, 893–894, 896–901, 906, 938–939, 941–942, 945, 947, 951, 953, 955, 958, 960, 1023, 1128
    • Canadian position, 881, 904
    • Cooperation by Belgium, France, and the Netherlands, 863–864, 866–870, 873, 879–884, 887, 893–894, 896–906
    • French Indochina position, 863
    • Hong Kong position, 825, 832, 835–836, 843, 845–846, 848–849, 851–852, 854, 861–863, 866–867, 869, 871–872, 875, 879–880, 884–885, 893, 898, 903, 936, 942, 951, 953, 955, 958
    • Indonesian position, 863, 883, 887, 951
    • Macao and Portugal, position of, 836, 850, 854, 863, 880–881, 888–889, 896, 899, 903, 936, 942, 978
    • Malaya, effect on, 848, 850, 951
    • Philippine position, 825, 836, 850–851, 856, 863, 868, 870, 879, 881, 883–886, 893–894, 898, 902–903, 905, 951
    • Republic of Korea position, 852, 854–856, 861–862, 870, 880–883, 885–886, 889, 892, 894, 936, 978
    • Singapore, effect on, 848–851, 861–863, 866–867, 869, 872, 879–880, 884, 893, 898
    • SCAP position for Japan, 836, 845, 851, 856, 866–867, 880–881, 884, 886, 892–896, 898, 905, 942, 978–979, 983, 985–987, 997, 1001
    • U.S. position, 55, 67, 82–83, 85, 108, 466, 536, 613, 627, 824–826, 828–837, 842–846, 848, 850–860, 867–896 passim, 901–905, 912, 918, 924, 931–933, 936–939, 941–942, 945–947, 951–952, 960, 963–964, 972, 977–979, 987–988, 992–993, 996–997, 1018, 1023
    • West Germany, position of, 883, 896
  • U.S. Information Service at Tientsin, closing of, 954
  • U.S. military aid to Chinese Government, attitude toward, 935
  • U.S. policy toward, 161, 536–540, 827–828, 1263
  • U.S. trade policy toward, 777, 797, 817–906, 934–935, 943–945, 971–973, 1012, 1022, 1212, 1251
  • War criminals, delivery of, 1264
  • Yuan Tung Development Company, 993–994
• Chinese Council for U.S. Aid (CUSA), see Council for U.S. Aid of the Executive Yuan.
• Chinese General Edison, 1259
• Chinese Government (see also Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, China White Paper, Economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, Military assistance to the Chinese Government, and Taiwan and under Chinese Communists: Recognition question and under Evacuation of Americans from China):
  • Anchises, British protest regarding bombing of, 1101, 1110–1112, 1114
  • Burma, severance of diplomatic relations with, 248–249, 253
  • Chinese Communist representation in the United Nations, opposition to, 235–236, 238
  • Control Yuan, 320, 758
  • Disintegration of, 16, 20–21, 57, 67, 112
  • Executive Yuan, 758, 785
  • Legislative Yuan, 283, 306, 313, 320, 408, 443, 775
  • Marshall Mission, attitude toward, 1384–1385
  • Mukden, U.S. protest regarding bombing of, 1121
  • National Assembly, 408, 1408
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 1401–1403, 1406–1407
  • Withdrawal from Nanking to Canton, 1, 3
  • Withdrawal from Canton to Chungking, 125
• Chinese Mass Education Movement, 618, 661
• Chou Chih-jou, Gen., 410, 419, 1395
• Chou En-lai, 93–95, 97–98, 101–102, 104, 106, 108–109, 111, 117–118, 121–122, 126, 131–132, 140, 168, 174, 195, 232, 244, 252–253, 256
• Chou Yu-kang, 1407
• Christelow, Fred, 815–816
• Chu Chang-wei, 400, 550, 579, 1102, 1396
• Chu Chia-hua, 1395
• Chu Teh, Gen., 976
• Chuang, C., 313
• Church World Service, 1296, 1302
• Churchill, Winston S., 207n , 343n , 1370
• Civil Air Transport (CAT), 521, 1261
• Clappier, Bernard, 88
• Clark, Lewis: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1098–1099, 1102–1104, 1107, 1112–1121; China White Paper, 1373, 1393–1398; Chinese Communist trade practices, 934–936, 941, 959–960; evacuation of Americans from China, 1229, 1268–1273, 1277, 1281–1282, 1287, 1292, 1299, 1301, 1305–1309, 1319; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 14, 28; Sinkiang question, 1041, 1047–1048, 1050–1051, 1053–1054, 1056–1061; Taiwan question, 318, 320, 322–323, 331, 336, 344; U.S. economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, 611, 615, 634–635, 644, 652–655, 675–678, 686, 710, 712, 759, 763, 771–775, 778, 781–788, 790–791, 793–797, 799, 802–805; U.S. military assistance for the Chinese Government, 517, 526–527
• Cleveland, Harlan, 318–319, 328–329, 355, 371, 373–374, 518, 610–614, 630–632, 633n , 636, 646, 651–652, 656n , 657, 667, 755
• Clifford, Clark M., 614, 1367, 1370–1374
• Clough, Ralph N., 1221–1223, 1226–1227
• Clubb, O. Edmund: China White Paper, 1365n , 1406–1409; Chinese Communist bypassing of U.S. consular offices, 909, 911, 923, 925, 930; Chinese Communist economic and financial policies, 738–740, 772–773, 778–780, 783, 810; Chinese Commumunist efforts to revive trade with Japan, 974–977, 980–982, 985–986, 988–992, 994–995; Chinese Communist treatment of U.S. consular offices, 913–915; evacuation of Americans from China, 1264; military situation in China, 473, 475–476, 598; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1006; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 11, 93–94, 97–98, 102–104, 106–107, 111–115, 117–118, 121–122, 126, 143–144, 148–149, 243–244; U.S. economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, 615, 620–622, 624–626; U.S. trade policy toward Communist China, 943–945, 985, 992–993
• Coalition government, question regarding possibility of establishing, 1–2, 4, 6–7, 12, 293, 298, 303–304, 309, 315, 338, 369, 612–613, 615–616, 636, 1397, 1401, 1408
• Cochran, H. Merle, 883
• Cochran, William P., 101
• Coghill, John P., 1111–1112, 1115, 1126
• Collins, Gen. J. Lawton, 463–464, 467
• Collins, Ralph E., 142–143, 191–192, 201, 216–217
• Commander in Chief, Far East (CINCFE), 419, 427–428, 461, 473, 475, 482, 844
• Commerce, (U.S.) Department of, 489, 498–499, 513, 734, 749, 811, 835, 842–843, 851, 853, 856–861, 883, 890, 892, 923, 927, 933, 936, 942, 963, 972, 984
• Commerce International Corporation, 472, 501–503, 528, 596n
• Committee of Three Consultants on the Far East (Jessup, Fosdick, and Case), 379, 511n , 535, 551, 558n , 590, 1022–1023, 1312
• Communications Intelligence Board (U.S.), 1376, 1379, 1382, 1386–1388
• Communist Information Bureau (Cominform), 37, 700
• Congress (U.S.): Adjournment of, 1369; Chennault appearance before, 525, 540–541, 556–557; China White Paper, attitude toward, 1373–1376, 1389–1390; Communist China, question of recognition of, 93, 156, 173–174, 206–207, 219, 243, 723, 1375n ; economic and financial assistance for Taiwan, 289, 292, 294, 310, 341, 355, 462, 599; economic and financial assistance for the Chinese Government, 508, 513, 600–608, 610, 612, 630–632, 685, 642, 650, 657, 659, 664, 666, 671n , 676, 680, 682, 689, 694, 752, 1399; European Recovery Program, 513; House Foreign Affairs Committee, 208, 513, 540, 556–557, 606n , 607, 609n , 742, 790, 977, 1366, 1389; Huber Committee visit to the Far East, 544–546, 558; military assistance for Taiwan, 335, 467; military assistance for the Chinese Government, 483, 485–486, 506, 513, 515, 551, 584, 586–587, 698, 769n ; military assistance for Western Europe, 473, 507, 516; Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, 551, 571, 717, 719, 721, 723–724; policy toward China, 1386; Senate Armed Services Committee, 174; Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 174, 208, 304, 604, 606n , 607, 1366, 1375, [Page 1422] 1377; Senate Subcommittee on Appropriations, 1366–1367; Wedemeyer Report on China, 1365–1367
• Connally, Tom, 518, 607, 712, 718, 721, 760n , 1375–1377
• Connors, W. Bradley, 433
• Corliss, James C., 794–795
• Corse, Carl D., 965–966
• Council for U.S. Aid of the Executive Yuan (CUSA), 328, 620, 635, 658–660, 664, 668, 673, 743
• Council of Foreign Ministers, meetings of, 27, 29, 156n , 189, 708n , 1368n , 1372n
• Couve de Murville, Maurice, 103
• Cowen, Myron M., 32, 65–66, 197, 211, 229, 234–235, 247, 434–435, 447, 450–451, 885
• Craig, Loris F., 313, 332–333, 345, 351, 356, 373, 448, 666
• Crawford, Rear Adm. George C., 1236–1237
• Crinkley, Andrew, 1139, 1182, 1185
• Cripps, Sir Stafford, 54, 56, 870
• Cuba, 102, 258
• Culbertson, Swann, 778
• Cummins, E. T., 472–473, 503, 515, 528
• Customs (U.S.), 933
• Cuttat, Jacques A., 209–210
• C. V. Starr, 1302
• Czechoslovakia, 493, 941
• Dairen: Chinese Government closure of, 1113, 1116–1117; Soviet position in, 357, 968; Soviet withdrawal from, 1205–1207; U.S. consular office in, restrictions on, 1359
• Dalai Bama, 1066, 1072
• Daridan, Jean, 48–49, 103n , 108, 120, 165, 269, 487–488
• Davies, John Paton, Jr., 160n , 433, 536–540, 573
• Davis, Lt. Col. Charles I., 502–503
• Davis, Owen, 36–37
• Davis, Ritchie G., 620, 624–626, 663
• Davis, Thomas C., 146, 201–203
• Dawson, Owen L., 619–620
• Day, Henry B., 218, 227, 246, 252–253
• Dayal, 1082, 1085, 1087, 1093–1095
• Deane, Charles B., 544
• Defense, (U.S.) Department of (National Military Establishment), 556–558, 568n , 697, 859–860, 878, 1022, 1183–1184, 1330, 1339–1340, 1374, 1376–1377, 1379, 1381–1382, 1386, 1388
• Delanoy, William C., 1025
• Denfield, Adm. Louis E., 284–286, 1127n , 1191–1196, 1200–1201, 1297, 1325, 1377–1381
• Dening, Maberly E., 26, 52–56, 76–78, 81–83, 85, 88, 96, 118, 135, 138–139, 176, 182, 240, 249, 342, 388–390, 436, 802–803, 847, 870–874
• Denmark, 235, 250, 252, 259
• Dennison, Rear Adm. Robert L., 1355
• De Pass, Col. Morris B., 772n
• Depon, Surkhang, 1080–1082, 1087
• Dickover, Erle R., 26, 56–57, 341–343, 869–870
• Doherty, Edward W., 795, 965–967
• Dollar, Robert, 1351
• Donovan, Howard, 100–101, 110, 116–117, 127, 133–134, 165–167, 175–179, 197–198, 1063, 1071–1075, 1080–1085
• Doolittle, Hooker A., 45, 112
• Dort, Dallas W., 160n , 823–826, 849, 851
• Douglas, Lewis W.: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1114–1115, 1118, 1139; Chinese Government financial assets in the United Kingdom, 801–803; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1016–1018, 1021, 1029; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 20, 25–26, 47–48, 50, 52–57, 68–69, 81, 85, 109, 128, 134–135, 138, 139n , 149n , 193–194, 203–204, 241; surplus tanks, question regarding British sale to the Chinese Government, 473; Taiwan, status of, 341–342; trade with Communist China, 846–847, 853–854, 856, 859, 861–864, 866–870, 887–889, 896–897, 906, 950
• Doyle, John F., 1136–1137
• Dunham, William B., 187, 246
• Dunn, James Clement, 17, 136, 149, 209, 211, 217–218, 221–222, 236
• Eakens, Robert H. S., 1004–1006, 1034
• Ebasco International, 1286
• Economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, 157, 504–505, 508, 532, 534–535, 549–816, 1263, 1265, 1279
  • Central Bank of China funds, proposals for freezing of, 771–772, 774, 776, 778, 781
  • China Dockyards Contract, deferment of payments of principal and interest on, 768–770, 805, 813
  • Chinese airlines, proposed assistance for, 517–518, 631
  • Chinese Communist-controlled areas, suspension of U.S. aid to, 610–627, 630, 636–640, 642–656, 667, 688, 690, 823–824, 1012–1013
  • Chinese Government financial assets in the United States, proposals for control over or freezing of, 789, 797, 801–802, 804, 808, 936, 960, 966, 996
  • Chinese Government requests for, 671–816
  • Continuation of, question of, 599–601, 606–647 passim, 671–675, 680, 682–683, 690, 698
  • Currency stabilization loan, Chinese Government request for, 671n , 681, 746, 750, 752, 754–756, 760, 764
  • Economic Cooperation Administration, aid policies and programs for the Chinese Government of the, 157, 476, 504, 517–518, 522, 524, 600–607, 611, 613, 619–654 passim, 672–674, 687–689, 703–704, 707–709, 711, 716, 730, 740, 744, 747, 749, 751–752, 755–756, 760–762, 764, 778, 796, 864, 878, 881–882, 1009, 1030, 1120, 1209, 1302
  • Economic Cooperation Administration Mission in China, liquidation of, 355, 606, 621–625, 627–628, 630–631, 635–637, 643, 647, 653–671
  • Federal Reserve Bank: Chinese Government gold holdings with, 761, 785, 790, 796, 808n ; Chinese Government payments to, 805; Chinese Government request for loan for purchase of silver, 778, 785; Chinese Government request for purchase of gold, 750–755, 763–764, 794–795; Tibetan request for purchase of gold, 1073
  • Financial assets of Chinese nationals in the United States, Chinese Government efforts to control, 757–759, 771, 775–777, 801–802, 804, 808, 936, 960, 966, 996
  • Joint Commission for Rural Reconstruction, continuation of programs of the, 617–620, 623, 628, 630–631, 634–636, 639, 644, 646–648, 651–652, 660–661, 665, 667, 675, 684, 688–691, 697
  • Kan Chieh-hou Mission to the United States, 671n , 699–728
  • Loan ($100 million), Chinese Governmen request for, 785
  • Problems encountered, 610–671
  • Reverse Lend-Lease, Chinese Government efforts to obtain settlement of, 785, 791, 802
  • Silver: Chinese Government request for lead-lease of, 761–762, 764; coinage of silver in the United States, Chinese Government request for, 780–781, 784–785, 787, 791, 799
  • Silver loan, Chinese Government request for, 633, 681, 683–684, 686, 688–690, 693, 704, 707–709, 711, 716, 722, 737, 740–741, 743, 745, 753–754, 764, 775, 778
  • Special account, 632–635
  • Stabilization fund, 737
  • Suspension and diversion of aid shipments, 639–643, 645–647
  • Tin purchases by the United States, 760, 764
  • War accounts settlement, question of, 802
• Economic and financial situation in China, 311, 599, 608, 636, 658–662, 680–683, 690, 692, 718–719, 729–738, 740–750, 755–763, 773–775, 782, 790–791, 793–797, 799, 803–805, 814–815, 951, 1109
  • Currency reform measures, 729–735, 742–743, 782–786, 793–796, 803
  • Economic reforms, 732
  • Financial and monetary reforms, 737–738, 740–747, 774–775, 782–783
  • Gold and monetary reserves, 738, 740–741, 743, 745, 749–750, 753, 755–759, 761, 763–764, 774, 785, 788–791, 796, 814–815
  • Gold yuan situation, 304, 729–738, 740–745, 748, 750, 758, 761–762, 782–783, 791, 795–796, 1233
  • Inflation, 729, 732, 734, 736, 748, 759, 771, 1109
  • Silver currency standard, adoption of, 680–683, 685, 692–693, 718–719, 737–738, 742–745, 748, 761, 764, 771, 782–783, 787, 791, 793–794, 796, 799, 803, 805
• Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE), 143
• Economic Cooperation Act of 1949, 587n
• Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) (U.S.). see under Economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government; Korea: Republic of Korea; and Taiwan.
• Ecuador, 258
• Eden, Anthony, 1096
• Edgar, Donald D., 248–249, 297–337 passim, 344–346, 351–354, 356, 364, 374, 399–400, 428, 444–455, 468, 471, 919, 1100, 1185–1186, 1395, 1404–1406
• Egypt, 115, 258
• Eichelberger, Clark M., 485
• Eisenhower, Gen. of the Army Dwight D., 485
• Elizalde, Joaquin M., 32
• Elliot, John C., 527–528
• Ellis-Novak Company, 502
• Elting, Howard, 204
• Emery, Frank, 197
• European Recovery Program (ERP), 513, 674
• Evacuation of Americans from China:
  • Chartered commercial airflights, proposed use of, 1294, 1299–1300, 1302, 1304, 1314, 1318, 1323, 1327, 1330, 1349, 1362
  • Chinese Communist attitude, 1264, 1280–1353 passim, 1360–1364
  • Chinese Government position, 1266–1269, 1271, 1273, 1285–1347 passim, 1360, 1362–1363
  • Exit permits for Americans, Chinese Communist policy regarding, 1283–1314 passim, 1331, 1337–1338, 1342–1343, 1345–1346, 1348–1352, 1361–1363
  • Return of dependents to China, U.S. policy regarding, 1220–1231, 1234–1238, 1260–1261
  • Return of dependents to the United States, 1229–1230, 1234
  • Safehavens for evacuees: Hong Kong, 1255, 1269, 1272; Japan, 1253, 1255, 1272; Macao, 1216, 1220; Philippines, 1216, 1219–1222, 1230–1232, 1234, 1272
  • SS General Gordon, evacuation voyage of, 89, 105, 806–807, 809, 1101, 1135–1136, 1142, 1145–1146, 1246, 1261, 1276–1278, 1284–1353 passim, 1363
  • Taiwan: Evacuation warnings for Americans on, 1212–1216, 1261, 1269, 1353–1359, 1364; suspension of dependent travel to, 1358–1359; U.S. Consulate General, question of retention in event of Chinese Communist occupation, 1354, 1358–1360, 1364
  • United Nations role, question of, 1291, 1294, 1302, 1317
  • U.S. Marines at Nanking, 1216–1217, 1241, 1243
  • U.S. Marines at Shanghai, 1236, 1241–1242, 1244
  • U.S. naval forces, role of, 1216–1217, 1231–1258 passim, 1266, 1272, 1294, 1318
  • U.S. policy and program for, 78, 89, 233, 508–509, 543, 662, 806, 873–874, 891, 951, 1123–1124, 1128–1129, 1135, 1137–1138, 1145, 1180, 1202, 1210–1212, 1215, 1218–1219, 1224, 1240–1293 passim, 1299–1300, 1302, 1306–1307, 1314–1345 passim
• Evacuation of Chinese nationals from China, question of, 1237, 1288, 1290, 1293, 1321, 1346–1347
• Evacuation of other foreigners from China: British policy regarding, 55, 59–60, 137, 821, 874, 876, 1125–1126, 1130, 1219, 1229, 1244, 1246, 1248–1249, 1251, 1259–1260, 1271, 1273–1274, 1277, 1293, 1296, 1304–1305, 1308, 1315, 1324, 1334–1335, 1360–1362; French position, 1246, 1248–1249, 1334, 1344; U.S. policy regarding, 1232, 1237, 1253–1255, 1266–1267, 1275, 1278, 1280, 1321, 1325
• Evans, J. K., 1004–1006, 1034–1035
• Evatt, Herbert V., 28, 48–49, 92, 142, 145, 147, 155, 201
• Export–Import Bank of Washington, 737, 1077
• Fales, Herbert P., 512
• Far East Air Force, 426
• Far East America Council, 1317
• Far East Command, 497
• Far Eastern Commission, 333, 354, 360n , 1383
• Federal Bureau of Supply (Treasury), 512–513, 576, 595
• Federal Reserve Act (1913), 771, 774–776, 797, 804, 808, 936
• Federal Reserve Bank. see under Economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government
• Federal Reserve Board, 811
• Feng Chih-ho, 1345–1346
• Fenoaltea, Sergio, 799n
• Ferguson, Charles, 1281
• Fisher, Adrian S., 573, 1122
• Flanley, F. F., 1248, 1251, 1351–1352
• Fleming, Andrew C., 929
• Fletcher, Walter, 342
• Flexer, Fayette J., 263–265
• Folsom, Robert S., 1259–1260
• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 171
• Ford, J. F., 1, 2n , 6, 11n , 12n , 76, 242, 301–302, 388, 467–468, 523–524, 641–642, 649, 872, 900, 1100, 1153–1154, 1159, 1273–1274
• Foreign Aid Appropriations Bill for 1949, 601n
• Foreign Assistance Act of 1948, 614n
• Foreign diplomatic and consular missions in China, location of, 1, 16, 34, 82, 84, 88
• Foreign Liquidation Commission, 770
• Foreign Traders Association of Philadelphia, 509n
• Formosa. see Taiwan.
• Forrestal, James, 261, 284, 479–480, 484n , 488–489, 1198–1199
• Fosdick, Raymond B., 160n , 208, 379n , 551n , 581, 1312, 1316
• Foster, Andrew B., 19, 32–33, 35, 41, 49–50, 179, 260
• Foster, William C., 653–654, 687
• Fox, Maj. Gen. Alonzo P., 544
• France (see also French subheadings under specific subjects), 258, 360n , 432, 487–488, 863–864, 866–870, 873, 879–884, 887, 893–894, 896–906
• Franco, Gen. Francisco, 12, 22
• Frankel, Capt. Samuel B., 1223
• Franklin and Bryan, 1259
• Franks, Sir Oliver S., 2, 6, 219–220, 224, 226, 241, 435, 438, 442–443, 817, 821, 837, 852
• Fraser, Peter, 194, 204
• Freeman, Fulton, 76, 92, 96–97, 99–100, 103n , 106, 108–109, 120–121, 142–143, 216–217, 251–252, 388–390, 487–488, 558n , 692–696, 701, 706, 710, 718–721, 789n , 795, 872, 971–972, 1004, 1015–1016, 1100n , 1153–1154, 1187–1188, 1273
• French Indochina (see also under Chinese Communists: U.S. export controls, etc.): Agreement between Bao Dai and the French Government, Mar. 8, 240–242, 251; British policy toward, 189–190, 226, 237, 240–241, 257–258; effect of Chinese Communist victory in China on, 10, 21, 63–65, 86–88, 90, 136, 164, 169–170, 176–177, 182, 185, 189–190, 227–228, 232, 436, 465, 520, 584, 592, 714, 723–724, 820, 822, 860, 863; effect of Japanese occupation, 177; nationalist movement, 91; political situation, 178; U.S. policy toward, 162, 189–191, 570; Viet Minh, 63–65, 136, 487; Viet-Nam, 237, 240–242
• French Union, 240
• Frohlich, William, 794–795
• Fu Tso-yi, Gen., 473, 475–476, 598, 663, 702, 714
• Fugh, Philip C., 351, 1038
• Gabbert, Lt. Col. John T. L. D., 1180
• Gabriel, Augustin G., 211
• Gallman, Waldemar J., 97
• Gay, Merrill C., 856, 863, 922, 929
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), Third Session of Contracting Parties, Apr. 11–Aug. 27, 944
• George, J. M., 859–860
• Gerig, O. Benjamin, 346
• Gibson, William M., 86–88
• Gowen, Franklin C., 116n , 128
• Graham, 102, 108, 118, 122, 126, 143
• Graham, Walter G. C., 916n
• Graves, Hubert A., 2, 5–6, 120–121, 149–151, 184–186, 191, 198–200, 208, 224–225, 248n , 425–426, 435–438, 443, 467–469, 589, 594, 641, 817n , 821n , 823–826, 834–837, 841–843, 845–846, 849–854, 900, 1085n , 1088, 1095–1096
• Greece, 515, 521, 554, 558
• Green, Marshall, 544n
• Greene, George H., 764
• Gregory, Benjamin F., 1348
• Gregory, Mrs. Benjamin F., 1348
• Gresswell, H., 899
• Griffin, Col. R. Allen, 308–309, 311, 318–320, 345, 355, 632, 635–637, 640, 654, 657, 665, 737, 743, 755–757, 762
• Gromyko, Andrey Andreyevich, 94–95
• Gross, Ernest A., 256–257, 513–515, 573, 1025–1026, 1373, 1375–1376
• Guy, Edward G., 794–795
• Hagglof, Ingemar, 251–252
• Hall, William O., 576–577
• Hamilton, Minard, 501–502
• Han Li-wu, 763–764, 1103, 1393
• Han Ming, 1346
• Han Yu-chen, 1062
• Hardy, Warren R., 1173–1176, 1182
• Hare, Raymond A., 160n , 223
• Harriman, W. Averell, 881n
• Harrington, Julian F., 145–146
• Hassett, William D., 643n
• Hatta, Mohammed, 199, 246, 256
• Hawthorne, Carl O., 668, 1021
• Hay, John, 1210–1211
• Heath, Donald R., 98
• Helb, H. A., 244–246
• Henderson, Alexander I., 611
• Henderson, Loy W., 29, 31, 43–46, 72–74, 210, 215–216, 221–222, 227, 253–255, 1064–1065, 1069–1080, 1086–1087, 1089–1097
• Henning, A. C., and Company, 987, 991
• Henningson, A., 1259
• Henry, Robert, 1296, 1309, 1342–1343, 1345–1346
• Hester, Evett D., 119, 126–127, 129, 167
• Hevia, Carlos, 102
• Hillenkoetter, Rear Adm. R. H., 1024
• Hinke, Frederick W., 929, 955, 963–964, 973–974, 988
• Ho Chi Minh, 64, 189–190, 228, 251
• Ho Tung, Sir Robert, 410
• Ho Ying-chin, Gen., 301, 306, 501, 675–677, 746, 752–755, 758, 925, 1053, 1059
• Hoffman, Esther, 1165–1166, 1168–1170
• Hoffman, Paul G.: Economic aid for the Chinese Government, 508, 518, 602, 606, 611–618, 626, 630–631, 633, 643–644, 646, 648, 651, 656–657, 661, 664–665, 687–691, 696; economic aid for Taiwan, 270, 278, 287, 310, 355–356; economic aid for the Republic of Korea, 1005
• Holleman, Clarence, 1261
• Hollimon, B. B., 1351
• Holmes, Julius C., 20, 70, 101–102, 118–119, 123–124, 139–140, 215, 220–221, 223–224, 237–238, 240–241, 257–258, 475, 868–869, 871, 1090–1091, 1140
• Hong Kong (see also under Chinese Communists and Chinese Communists: U.S. export controls, etc.
  • British defense of, 25, 50, 82–85, 90–91, 147, 173, 177, 190, 425–426, 435, 442, 463, 589, 821, 869, 877, 893, 1394; Joint Chiefs of Staff views regarding U.S. role, 170
  • Capital flight to, 971
  • Chinese Communist control over mainland China, effect of, 6–7, 33, 50, 58, 65, 75, 82–83, 130, 142, 145, 150, 155, 170, 185–188, 225, 342–343, 379, 817–818, 820, 828, 869, 1107, 1204–1205, 1304
  • Chinese Government use of Hong Kong facilities, ban on, 1160
  • Chinese refugee problem, 343, 817, 820
  • ECA China headquarters, temporary transfer to, 649
  • ECA supplies for China, diversion to Hong Kong, 636, 638, 1303
  • Military supplies for China, diversion to Hong Kong, 753
  • Shanghai petroleum stocks, transfer to Hong Kong, 1010
  • Trade with Communist China, 907, 910–912, 916, 920–925, 927, 931, 940, 948, 950, 954–955, 958, 965, 969–970, 973–974, 979, 982, 994, 1002–1003, 1005, 1007–1008, 1011, 1014, 1026, 1130, 1162
  • Trade with North Korea, 840–841, 924
• Hopkins, Harry L. 1406
• Hopkins, Paul, 812, 1009–1010, 1012, 1304, 1351–1352
• Hopper, George D., 277, 649, 911n , 1014, 1019
• Hornback, Harry L., 769n
• Howard, John H., 1373
• Hoyer-Millar, Sir Frederic. see Millar, Sir Frederic Hoyer.
• Hsi, T. M., 796
• Hsiao Li-kwun. see Shaw, L. K.
• Hsiao Shen-onu, 391
• Hsieh Han-ju, 448
• Hsieh Hsueh-hung, 451
• Hsieh Wei-lin, 250
• Hsiung Hsi-hui. see Sheng Shih-tsai.
• Hsiung Ta-lun, 1058–1060
• Hsu Kan, 677–678, 686, 736–737, 740, 742–743, 745, 748–749, 788, 790–791, 793, 804, 1103
• Hsu Pai-yuan, 354
• Hsu Pin-tien, 384, 386–387, 455
• Hsu Po-yuan, 730, 795–796
• Hsu Yung-chang, 925n
• Hsueh Yo, Gen., 268
• Hsueh Yueh, Gen., 522, 555, 702, 763
• Hu Ching-yu, 1167
• Hu Shih, 279, 585, 713
• Hu Tsung-nan, Gen., 414, 702, 712, 714
• Huang, C. C., 335, 431, 447–448
• Huang, P., 322–323
• Huang, Peter, 383
• Huang, Philip, 383–384
• Huang Chao-chin, 415
• Huang Hsiao-ku, 413
• Huang, Hua, 351
• Huang Lien-teng, 448
• Huang N Ping, Gen., 391
• Huang Shao-ku, 398
• Huang Siang, 126
• Huber, Walter B., 544, 558
• Hubert, Paul, 507
• Huddle, J. Klahr, 33–34, 37, 41, 79–80, 162
• Hughes, Morris N., 209
• Hukbalahaps, 65
• Humelsine, Carlisle H., 29, 1372, 1383
• Hummer, Capt. H. R., 1204, 1206
• Hungary, 101, 244
• Hurley, Maj. Gen. Patrick J., 1370, 1381, 1404, 1406, 1408
• Hurley Mission to China, 1408
• Huston, Cloyce K., 991n
• Hutchison, John C., 242, 248, 955n
• Hwang Taiam-leong, 386
• Iceland, 285–286
• Imin, Mohammed, 1043, 1045, 1049
• India (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question): British support for, 726; effect of a Chinese Communist victory in China, 8–9, 67, 232, 584, 724, 820, 822, 1091, 1094; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; Taiwan question, 348; trade with China, 1042; U.N. Security Council, member of, 258; U.S. policy toward, 162, 726; U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 432; World War II, 727
• Indonesia (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question): Effect of Chinese Communist victory, 10, 255, 822, 850; independence of, 245; Japanese occupation, effect of, 177; political situation, 178–179; U.S. export controls for Communist China and North Korea, 863, 883, 887, 951; U.S. military assistance for, 570, 572, 574; U.S. policy toward, 162, 461; U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 432
• Inner Mongolia, 509, 946, 963
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 171
• International Emergency Food Council, 675, 1107, 1301, 1304
• International General Electric, 1286
• International Labor Organization, 171
• International Monetary Fund, 171, 678, 751
• International Red Cross, 1280, 1294, 1302, 1317
• International Refugee Organization, 171, 1293, 1302–1303, 1363
• International Telephone and Telegraph Company, 1248, 1251, 1286, 1315
• Isbrandtsen, Hans, 1169
• Isbrandtsen Steamship Company, 723, 1108, 1131–1159 passim, 1164–1165, 1168–1169, 1171, 1173–1174, 1182–1186, 1353
• Israel, 20, 22, 209, 929
• Italy. see under Chinese Communists: Recognition question and under United Nations.
• Ivy, James T., 625–626, 663, 917
• Jackson, Wayne G., 900
• Japan (see also Supreme Commander, Allied Powers, Japan): British policy toward, 51; Chinese Communist control over mainland China, effect [Page 1427] on Japan of, 6, 67; defense of, 432; ECA shipments for China, diversion to Japan of, 665–666, 684, 689, 1303; Okinawa, question of return to Japan of, 233; strategic importance of, 827; Taiwan, proposed return to Japan of, 287; U.S. policy toward, 160, 378, 393, 624, 827
• Japanese peace treaty: Anglo-American discussions, 220; Anglo-American-French discussions, 91, 695; British Commonwealth discussions, 219, 238, 442; Chinese Communist participation in, question of, 54, 157; Chinese Government proposal, 695; Kurile Islands, status of, 328n ; Soviet position, 27, 695; Taiwan, status of, 269, 271, 328n , 336, 350, 354, 357, 361–362, 366, 382, 391
• Jardine, Matheson & Company, 151, 873–874, 913, 950, 1168, 1278, 1288, 1296, 1300, 1303–1304, 1349, 1362
• Jarman, Pete, 85, 91, 142, 145, 179–180, 260
• Jen Hsien-chuen, 354, 445, 455
• Jenkins, Walter E., 597
• Jessup, Philip C., 81, 84–85, 158, 198, 208, 244, 379n , 551, 581, 696, 1122, 1129, 1312, 1372–1373, 1376–1377
• Jha, C. S., 101, 1097
• Johnson, George, 510
• Johnson, Louis: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1183–1184; China White Paper, 1376–1377, 1382, 1385–1389, 1391; evacuation of Americans from China, 1324, 1329–1331, 1339–1340; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1022; Taiwan, U.S. policy toward, 307–308, 376, 460; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 535, 551–552, 556–558, 568n , 570, 697
• Johnson, Richard E., 589–590, 795, 1034
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1326; Chennault plan, 540–541, 556–558; China White Paper, 1376–1382, 1385–1389, 1391; Hong Kong, defense of, 170; Iceland, strategic importance of, 285–286; Indonesia, U.S. military assistance to, 461; Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group (China), 495n , 497; military situation in China, 689–690; Okinawa, strategic importance of, 265; Ryukyu Islands, strategic importance of, 262; SS Gordon voyage to Shanghai for evacuation of Americans, 1323–1324, 1326, 1330–1331; Taiwan, strategic importance of, 261–262, 266–267, 271, 279–280, 284–286, 291, 293, 295, 307–308, 327, 337, 341, 348, 357, 370–372, 375–379, 388, 393, 396, 443, 463–467; Taiwan, U.S. military aid for the defense of, 460–462, 464, 467–468; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 551–555, 567–569
• Joint Commission for Rural Reconstruction. see under Economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government and Taiwan.
• Joint Export–Import Board for Western Germany, 892
• Joint Strategic Survey Committee, 561–568
• Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group in China (JUSMAG), 275, 278, 420, 430, 462, 465, 489, 491, 495–497, 515, 555, 558, 583
• Jones, J. Wesley, 70–72, 541–544, 615, 633, 956–958, 1126, 1291, 1310, 1318–1319, 1323, 1325–1326, 1334–1335, 1353, 1399–1400, 1407
• Jones, Jefferson, 1079–1080
• Jordon, Philip, 237–238
• Ju Peng Teh, 448
• Judd, Walter, 607
• Kailan Mining Administration (KMA), 909, 932, 938, 974
• Kállai, Gyula, 101
• Kan Chieh-hou, 671n , 693, 699–728, 753–754, 1368, 1400–1403
• Kao Kang, 955–956, 962
• Kashmir, 1095
• Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan, 9–10, 257
• Kavanaugh, Col. E. P., 871, 1016, 1024–1029, 1031, 1312n
• Keany, J. R., 1004, 1006
• Kee, John, 513
• Kennan, George F., 52, 160n , 263, 356–359, 368, 511
• Keswick, John, 151, 1304
• Keynes, John Maynard, 731
• Khoman, Thanat, 197–198
• Kierman, Frank A., 1222, 1223n , 1227
• King, D. D., 1350, 1352
• Kirk, Alan G., 49, 66–68, 94–96, 106–108, 131, 183–184, 955, 961–963, 1306–1407
• Knapp, J. Burke, 751–752, 775–777, 782, 807–808
• Knowland, William F., 1022, 1025
• Ko Pien. see Hsu Pin-tien.
• Koch, A., 1188
• Kohler, Foy D., 35, 1075–1076
• Koo, V. K. Wellington: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports, 1120, 1187; Chinese Ambassador, possible removal of as, 719; military situation in China, 89, 552–554; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 147, 235–236; Taiwan question, 365–366, 368, 456–457; U.S. aid for Taiwan, 421, 457–460; U.S. economic and financial [Page 1428] assistance for the Chinese Government, 89, 624, 671, 678–688, 692–693, 698, 705–714, 718, 768, 780–781, 791, 805, 808n , 813, 1368; U.S. military assistance for the Chinese Government, 514, 527, 529–533, 535, 551, 577–578, 597, 606n , 687, 698, 1280
• Koplowitz, Wilfred D., 1031
• Korea:
  • North Korea (see also Chinese Communists: Petroleum products, etc., and U.S. export controls, etc.): Soviet influence and control over, 545–546, 894; trade with Hong Kong, 840–841, 924; trade with Japan, 924
  • Republic of Korea (South Korea) (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question and U.S. export controls, etc.):
    • ECA control over exports to, 855–856, 886, 892, 1005
    • ECA mission, 883
    • ECA shipments to, 1169
    • ECA stocks in China, transfer of, 623
    • Petroleum supplies for, 1005, 1007
    • U.S. policy toward, 160, 467, 570, 1005
    • U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 432
  • Strategic importance of, 467
  • Wedemeyer report on Korea, inclusion in China White Paper, 1367
• Koxinga. see Cheng Cheng-kung.
• Krentz, Kenneth C., 160n , 267–269, 276–281, 283, 289–290, 293, 300, 317, 468, 471, 484, 500, 1018, 3212–1214
• Ku Chu-tung, Gen., 549
• Kung, H. H., 414
• Kungs, 701, 775
• Kuomintang (KMT) (see also under Taiwan), 3–4, 7–8, 16, 20, 38, 76, 112, 128, 277, 283, 322, 338, 351–352, 383–384, 394, 398, 408, 420, 465–466, 494, 525–527, 586, 598, 618, 694, 702, 713, 786, 800, 812, 945, 947, 956, 958, 969–971, 973, 1015, 1055, 1063, 1107–1109, 1262, 1284, 1297, 1301, 1303–1304, 1350, 1353, 1394–1396, 1398–1399, 1405, 1408–1409; CC Clique of the, 283, 300, 309, 323, 413, 701, 703, 719, 759
• Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee in Hong Kong, 7, 323
• Kurile Islands, status of, 328n
• Kwei Yung-ching, Vice Adm., 389, 419, 430, 769, 1122, 1127, 1167, 1172, 1179–1181, 1208, 1341
• Kyo Hakn En, 386
• Kyo Hei. see Hsu Pin-tien.
• Labouisse, Henry R., 611, 614, 645
• Langdon, William R., 75–76, 176–177, 182, 249–250
• Lapham, Roger D., 287, 289, 318, 320, 345, 355, 518, 604, 610, 615–618, 620, 622–623, 626–631, 633, 645, 649, 654, 656–667, 691, 711, 755
• Larkin, Maj. Gen. Thomas B., 528
• Lay, James S., Jr., 499, 889–890
• Leahy, Fleet Adm. William D., 261–262
• Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 255n
• Li, Col. David, 503–505, 515–517, 528, 597
• Li Chen-cheng, Gen., 334–335
• Li Han-kun, 578
• Li Tse-min, 994
• Li Tsung-jen:
  • Acting President of China, 154n , 553, 562, 663, 676n , 694, 736, 741, 743, 745, 774, 1220n
  • Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports, 1099, 1102, 1112, 1114
  • Chiang Kai-shek, relations with, 89, 324, 327, 331, 339, 370, 396, 412–413, 553, 562, 593, 636–637, 677, 749–750, 760, 1399
  • China White Paper, attitude toward, 1393, 1399–1401
  • Chinese Communists, military activities against, 522, 526–527, 541–542, 546–550, 1040
  • Mission to the United States of Dr. Kan Chieh-hou, 699–726 passim
  • Peace negotiations with the Chinese Communists, 3, 112, 297–299, 337, 481–482, 526, 636
  • Sinkiang question, 1045, 1048, 1053, 1059
  • Sino-Soviet negotiations, 1402–1403
  • Taiwan question, 297–299, 308, 312, 318, 327, 331–333, 336–338, 352, 400–402, 407–408, 419, 585
  • Trade with Communist-controlled areas, 905
  • U.S. economic and military assistance, 495, 499–502, 555, 578–579, 633, 671n , 693, 699–726 passim, 753–755, 761, 871; withdrawal of U.S. naval forces from Tsingtao, 1200, 1204
• Li Yu-lan, 555
• Li Yu-pang, 449
• Liao, Joshua, 276, 287
• Liao brothers, 391, 451–452
• Lie, Trygve, 195
• Lin Piao, Gen., 549, 579, 1004
• Little, L. K., 147–148, 344, 400, 433–434, 444–445, 1059
• Liu, S. Y., 344–345, 633, 736–737, 740–741, 743, 745, 748–750, 755–757, 759, 761–763, 771, 774, 778, 781, 785–786, 791, 814–815
• Liu, T. Y., 374
• Liu An-chi, Gen., 445, 1155, 1208
• Liu Chi-kung, 449
• Liu Chih-wei, 1407
• Liu Meng-chuen, 1043, 1045
• Liu Po-cheng, Gen., 336, 549
• Liu Shao-chi, 35
• Liu Tse-jung, 1039, 1043–1047, 1049–1050, 1052–1053, 1062
• Liu Wei-kwei, Gen., 555
• Lo, Lorenzo, 1363
• Lo Cho-ying, Gen., 283, 290
• Lo Hai-sha, 1126
• Lo Lung-chi, 114, 122, 382
• Lockett, Thomas H., 42, 1222–1223, 1225, 1230, 1232
• Lovett, Robert A., 1, 6, 261n , 265–267, 270–271, 278, 472–474, 604, 610–617, 706, 817, 821, 837, 1198–1199, 1210, 1214–1215
• Lovre, Harold O., 544
• Lu Han, Gen., 79, 112, 694
• Luboshez, Capt. S. N., 768n
• Luciolli, Mario, 163–164
• Ludden, Raymond R., 317, 615, 638
• Lung Yun, 112
• Ma Chen-hsiang, Lt. Gen., 1039, 1042, 1049, 1058, 1062
• Ma Ching-yuan, 1247–1248
• Ma Hung-kwei, Gen., 702, 712, 1039–1040
• Ma Pu-fang, Gen., 702, 1040, 1042, 1058, 1061
• Macao (see also under Chinese Communists: U.S. export controls, etc.): Chinese Communist attitude toward, 82; Portuguese policy regarding defense of, 25, 90, 187–188, 247; safe haven for evacuees from China, proposed, 1216, 1220
• MacArthur, Gen. of the Army Douglas: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1156; Japanese trade with Communist China, question of, 974n , 977, 997–998, 1001n ; Korean situation, 545–546; Okinawa, strategic importance of, 264–265, 546; Supreme Commander, Allied Powers, Japan, 205; Taiwan, U.S. policy toward, 263–265, 278, 317, 353, 379, 386, 432, 465; U.S. policy toward China, 544–545, 558–560
• MacArthur, Douglas, 2d, 48, 88
• MacDonald, John J., 147–148, 364–392 passim, 397–434 passim, 441, 443–444, 458, 1159–1161, 1180, 1336, 1340–1342, 1353–1360, 1364, 1387, 1392, 1395
• MacDonald, Malcolm, 76, 182, 238–239, 249
• MacKay, J. A., 807
• Mackeirnan, Douglas S., 1061–1062
• MacVeagh, Lincoln, 25–26
• Madden, Vice Adm. Alexander C. G., 1246
• Maddocks, Maj. Gen. Ray T., 478, 481
• Magill, Robert N., 76, 638, 789–790, 795, 816, 823–826, 834, 837, 849, 851, 871–875, 900–901, 965–966, 1004, 1028–1029, 1031, 1034, 1312
• Maharajkumar of Tehri-Garhwal, 1074
• Malaya: Effect of a Chinese Communist victory in China on, 7–8, 75–76, 85–86, 176–177, 179, 225, 239, 249–250, 343, 822, 860; effect of U.S. export controls for Communist China and North Korea on, 848, 850–851; independence, question of, 91; political situation, 573, 822; U.S. policy regarding, 162
• Malik, Yakov A., 256–257
• Manchuria (see also Chinese Communists: Soviet-Manchurian trade agreement): Return to China after World War II, 350; Soviet activities and influence in, 113, 292, 295, 347, 357, 385, 393, 493, 509, 535, 829, 894, 946, 956–959, 962–963, 967–969, 989, 993, 1007, 1026; trade with, 924, 946–947, 950, 958–959, 978–979, 986–987, 989, 992–995, 1001–1003, 1006–1008, 1011, 1026–1027; U.S. export controls, 854–855, 881, 894, 904; Wedemeyer report recommendations regarding, 1365–1366, 1408
• Mao Tse-tung: Administrative problems, 492; Burmese attitude toward, 162; Eight Points, 1262; peace negotiations, 481, 741; political views, 977, 1404; recognition question, 67, 70, 93–94, 101, 116–117, 133, 176, 182, 195, 211, 228, 237, 452; Soviet Union, attitude toward the, 3–4, 211, 232, 466, 493, 962–963, 1409; Taiwan question, 382–383; Tibet, status of, 1081, 1084–1085, 1094; U.S. supported aid projects, 620; visit to Moscow, 229, 232, 237, 962
• Mar, Rear Adm. Pellian T., 769n
• Maritime Commission (U.S.), 1022–1024, 1133, 1187, 1189, 1252, 1255–1256
• Markert, P. M., 1281, 1312n
• Marshall, Gen. of the Army George C., 422, 475, 514, 609, 611, 699, 706, 709, 742, 1068, 1212–1215, 1366, 1368, 1371, 1381, 1384–1386, 1395, 1408
• Marshall, S. S., 1351
• Marshall Mission to China (1945–1947), 699, 709, 1371, 1383–1385, 1395, 1405, 1408
• Martin, Edwin M., 834–835, 837, 854, 856, 859, 861–866, 887, 949–950, 1016, 1018
• Martin, Edwin W., 402, 406–407, 409
• Massigli, René, 194, 213, 236, 240
• Mathews, Elbert G., 160n , 196
• Matlock, Clifford C., 512
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 250
• Mazzocco, William, 859–860
• McAfee, William, 425–426, 472, 507, 572, 593–594
• McBride, John W., 1004–1006, 1016
• McCloy, John J., 190–191
• McConaughy, Walter: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1129–1157 passim, 1163–1190 passim; China White Paper, 1393–1394, 1403–1404; Chinese Communist currency control regulations, 806–807, 809–811; Chinese Communist treatment of foreign banks and business, 800, 810–812, 814; ECA supplies in Chinese Communist control, disposition of, 668–670; evacuation of Americans from China, 1274–1311 passim, 1316–1364 passim; recognition of the Chinese Communists, question of, 116, 137–138, 235; Soviet relations with the Chinese Communists, 955–956, 959, 967–969; Taiwan question, 382–383, 385; U.S. export controls for Communist China, 951–955, 958–960, 963–965, 970–971, 1020–1021, 1029–1031, 1035–1036
• McCormick, Robert R., 137
• McDermott, Michael J., 100, 328, 332, 450, 456, 723n
• McDiarmid, Orville J., 795
• McFall, Jack K., 205–208
• McGearey, Stanley A., 1250–1251
• McGhee, George C., 81, 160n , 573, 1076
• McGinnis, Joseph W., 1134
• McGray, Andrew, 803
• Mcintosh, Alister D., 204
• Mclntyre, Francis E., 854, 856, 859, 861–863, 887, 950, 1016
• McKee, Frederick C., 485
• McMillan, W. W., 1351
• McNaughton, Gen. A. G. L., 257
• McNeil, Hector, 868–869
• McNichol, David W., 92
• McWilliams, W. J., 1024
• Meade, Charles A. G. deJ., 76, 388, 872, 1122–1125, 1130, 1273–1274
• Meiklejohn, Norman V., 637, 666, 670, 691–692
• Melby, John F., 451, 1365
• Mellen, J. Grenville, 1255
• Menon, Krishna P. S., 43–44, 116–117, 133–134, 221–222, 227, 1086, 1089, 1091–1092
• Merchant, Livingston T.: Chinese Communist bypassing of U.S. consular offices, 912, 916, 919, 925; Chinese Communist trade with Japan, 981, 985, 996–998; Chinese Communist treatment of U.S. consular offices, 996; economic and financial situation in China, 740; evacuation of Americans from China, 1273; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1022–1026, 1031; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of; 76, 78, 88, 106, 120–121, 191–192, 198, 200–201, 258; Taiwan question, 287–288, 293–341 passim, 347n , 352, 355, 368, 375, 388–389, 431–433, 435–437, 456, 463, 500, 646, 648; Tibet, status of, 1088; trade with Communist China, U.S. policy regarding, 849, 870–871, 873–875, 900–901, 936, 939, 941, 997; U.S. economic and military assistance to the Chinese Government, 611, 615, 633, 637–638, 667–668, 729–733, 746, 757–758, 760, 762, 789, 1129; U.S. policy toward China, 544n
• Metzger, Stanley, 795
• Mexico, 681, 683, 692, 718, 771, 785–786, 1248
• Meyrier, Jacques, 16n , 20, 26, 47, 49, 89, 164, 1248
• Mid-East Crude Sales Company, 1028–1029
• Military Assistance Act of 1949, 464
• Military assistance to the Chinese Government (see also specific subjects under Taiwan), 160, 472–598, 600, 627, 629, 678–681, 685–686, 693, 697–699, 715–717, 719–726, 871, 935, 1127–1129, 1279–1280, 1283, 1317, 1393, 1402
  • Chennault proposals, 519–526, 540–541, 556–558
  • Chinese Government requests, 529–533, 535, 549–555, 569, 577–579, 597, 678–681, 686, 693, 697–698, 721–726, 1127, 1393, 1395
  • Continuation of, proposals regarding, 480, 482, 486, 493, 496–498, 501–502, 506–507, 581, 678–680
  • Eisenhower mission to China, proposed, 485
  • Military advisers, proposals, 503–504, 519–525, 533, 554–555, 558, 567, 579, 586–588, 600, 608, 677, 680–681, 686, 693, 709–711, 717, 719
  • Military airlift for Chinese silver dollars, Chinese Government request for, 784–785, 787
  • Military equipment lost to the Chinese Communists, 473, 476–478, 504–505, 579, 608, 709, 715
  • Military grant ($125 million) under China Aid Act, implementation of, 477–478, 480, 488–490, 498, 500, 502, 505–508, 512–514, 517, 524, 531–534, 554, 576–577, 581, 589, 594–597, 615, 657, 679, 693, 717, 769n
  • Slowdown and delay in deliveries, 486–487, 489, 495, 498–500, 506
  • Surplus property sales of military equipment, 483, 486, 501, 596–597
  • Surplus tanks, attempts by the Chinese Government to purchase, 472–473, 475, 501–503, 511–512, 515–517, 527–528
  • Suspension of shipments of military equipment, proposals regarding, 478, 480, 482–483, 486–487, 489, 498–500, 506
  • Termination of, proposals regarding, 480, 487, 489, 498, 506
  • U.S. armed forces, proposals regarding utilization of, 483, 608, 627
  • U.S. policy considerations, 479–480, 482–483, 485–487, 543–544, 561–576, 598, 1283, 1317
  • Wedemeyer visit to China, proposed, 483–484
• Military situation in China, 2–3, 112–113, 336, 339, 346, 369, 374, 398, 413–414, 473–479, 481–482, 487, 490–492, 502–504, 515, 522, 525–526, 541–571 passim, 578–579, 584, 588, 590–593, 598–600, 608, 616, 626–628, 640–641, 645–649, 658, 662–663, 665, 678–680, 682, 688–689, 692, 702–703, 707–710, 712–716, 721–724, 732–733, 761, 775, 890, 933, 1039, 1061, 1128, 1155, 1204, 1220–1221, 1242, 1244–1245, 1270, 1316, 1353–1354, 1402
• Millar, Sir Frederic Hoyer, 852
• Mitchell, Col. Ralph J., 1000–1001
• Mokrejs, John, 1281
• Moline, Edwin G., 1016
• Molotov, V. M., 1370–1371, 1406
• Mongolian People’s Republic (Outer Mongolia): Dalai Lama’s influence, 1066, 1072; recognition of Chinese Communists, 111; Soviet influence, 385, 393, 535, 956, 1058, 1065; United Nations membership, question of, 1066
• Montini, Giovanni B., 128
• Moreland, Allen B., 544–546
• Morland, Oscar C., 854, 866
• Most-favored-nation treatment, 1051–1052
• Moyer, Raymond T., 289, 373, 408, 424, 617n , 619, 652, 661, 665
• Muccio, John J., 80–81, 144–145, 196, 490, 854–856, 885, 1167–1171, 1186
• Murphy, J. J., 1351
• Mutual Assistance Program (MAP), 233, 719
• Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, 551n , 556, 568, 570–571, 574–575, 698–699, 719n , 721, 725
• Myint, Thein, 162
• Nair, V. M. M., 1064–1065
• Nason, John B., 429, 433–434, 638–639, 670
• National Advisory Council (U.S.), 795, 966
• National City Bank of New York, 771, 775, 777, 797, 807, 1259, 1286, 1337, 1346, 1350, 1352
• National Foreign Trade Council, 1317
• National Security Act of 1947, 1183
• National Security Council: Chennault plan, 541; Shanghai, U.S. role in the defense of, 1210, 1214–1215; Taiwan, strategic importance of, 261, 284, 307; Taiwan, U.S. policy regarding, 270–271, 279, 281–283, 288, 290–298, 305–306, 310, 324, 335–837, 340, 345–847, 356–358, 369, 371–372, 374–376, 378–379, 392–397, 401, 404, 462–464, 468, 484, 646; trade with Communist-occupied China, U.S. policy regarding, 826–834, 842–844, 851, 871, 878, 889–896, 937, 998, 1012, 1022; U.S. military assistance for the Chinese Government, 479–480, 482–483, 486–490, 506, 556, 581; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 265–266, 1198–1199, 1201–1202, 1209; U.S. policy toward Asia, 556n , 558, 561, 589, 1380–1381, 1389; U.S. policy toward China, 474–475, 484–485, 491–495, 499, 507–508, 533–535, 630, 827–828, 832; U.S. policy toward the Chinese Communists, 540
• Naval assistance to the Chinese Government: Chinese Government request for, 1127–1129; naval training, suspension of, 265–266; petroleum supplies for Chinese navy, 589–590
• Navy, U.S. Department of the, 589–590, 594, 1132, 1134, 1183, 1195–1196, 1198–1199, 1202, 1204–1205, 1219, 1228, 1387
• Near and Middle East, 52, 67
• Nehru, Jawaharlal, 9, 28, 44, 51, 54, 100, 110, 117, 123–125, 127–128, 134, 143, 147, 165–166, 179, 182, 196, 198–199, 227, 254, 360, 1074n , 1082–1083, 1092, 1097
• Nelson, Donald M., 1370
• Nepal: Dalai Lama’s influence on, 1066; effect of a Chinese Communist victory on, 9, 1083, 1094; interest of India in, 178–179, 1083, 1087, 1089; mission in Tibet, 1067; relations with Tibet, 1067, 1094
• Neri, Felino, 32, 119, 120–127, 129, 167, 197, 434–435
• Netherlands (see also under Chinese Communists: Petroleum products, etc., Recognition question, and U.S., export controls, etc.), 5, 360n , 432
• New Zealand (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question), 360n , 432, 822
• Ng Philip. see Huang, Philip.
• Nicholson, Donald L., 812–813
• Nitze, Paul H., 506n
• Noel-Baker, Philip, 200n
• Norstad, Lt. Gen. Lauris, 463
• North Atlantic treaty countries, 13, 15–17, 19, 21, 24, 26–27, 60–61, 81, 163, 517
• North China People’s Government. see under Chinese Communists.
• Northwest Airlines: Business with the Chinese Communists, question of, 145, 1259, 1350; evacuation flights from Shanghai, proposed, 1285, 1299–1300, 1304, 1314, 1323; U.S. policy regarding air agreements with Communist China, 892
• Norway (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question), 258
• O’Day, C. C., 607
• Office for European Economic Cooperation, 848, 850
• Office of Special Representative in Europe, 881–882
• Office of the Foreign Liquidation Commissioner, 514, 768
• Ogburn, Charlton, Jr., 160–162
• Okinawa, strategic importance of, 264–265, 467
• Olive, William M., 252
• Open Door policy, 1210–1211
• Orchard, W. W., 1351–1352
• Osburn, David L., 333
• O’Shaughnessy, Elim, 48–49
• Osman, Bator, 1049
• O’Sullivan, James L., 88, 160n
• Pacific pact between China, Korea, and the Philippines. see Southeast Asia Union.
• Pai Chung-hsi (Pai Tsung-hsi), Gen., 112, 169–170, 400, 408, 410, 413, 522, 526, 541–542, 544, 547, 549–550, 553, 555, 578–579, 593, 702, 712, 715–717, 720, 724–727, 753, 871, 1037, 1155
• Pakistan (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question): British policy toward, 55–56; effect of a Chinese Communist victory in China, 8–10, 822; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; U.S. policy toward, 160, 162; U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 432; Viet-Nam, question regarding recognition of, 241
• Pan American Airways, 517, 1300, 1323, 1362
• Pandit, Mme. Vijaya Lakshmi, 196, 210, 213–214, 221
• Panikkar, K. M., 28, 43–44, 46, 70–71, 74, 77, 123, 127, 134, 138, 162, 177–179, 1082, 1092, 1097
• Pao Erh-han. see Burhan.
• Parker, Paul C., 308–309, 311, 314–315, 327–328, 330, 633–634, 637, 737–765 passim, 773–774, 778, 789, 801, 920–921, 930
• Parodi, Alexandre, 21, 43, 133
• Parsons, James G., 1083
• Patel, Sardar, 165–167, 179
• Patterson, Bradley, 168n
• Patterson, Robert, 485
• Pattison, A. C., Fed., Inc., 1304
• Pattison, A. P., and Company, 1131–1133, 1139, 1141–1142, 1144, 1146, 1149–1150, 1154, 1157, 1164, 1168, 1171, 1185
• Paxton. J. Hall, 1039n , 1041–1044, 1046, 1049–1050, 1052–1058
• Peace negotiations between the Chinese Communists and the Chinese Government, 306, 309, 314, 316, 324, 337–338, 369, 481–482, 508, 526–527, 607n , 609, 633–634, 636, 663, 678, 700–701, 736, 741, 745–747, 750, 753–755, 1044, 1200, 1238
• Peace Preservation Corps, 1208
• Pearson, Lester, 145–146
• Peaslee, Alexander L., 1284
• Pee, Brig. Gen. Peter T. K., 414
• Pei Tsuyee, 745, 754, 763, 778
• Peng Meng-chi, Gen., 283, 301, 344–345, 352, 424, 431, 441, 446
• Penghu. see Pescadore Islands.
• People’s Liberation Army, 543, 1279
• People’s Political Council, 335, 431, 447–450
• People’s Republic of China, establishment of, 93–94
• Pepper, Claude D., 953
• Pereira, Pedro Theotanio, 187–188
• Perkins, George W., 163–164
• Perkins, Troy L., 106, 168–170, 589, 1312, 1314
• Pescadore Islands (Penghu): Chinese Government military establishment on, 352; U.S. policy regarding, 271–272, 274, 282, 356–357, 359–362, 369, 371, 377, 392–393, 417
• Petersen, E. E., 1350
• Philippines (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question and U.S. export controls, etc., and under Evacuation of Americans from China: Safehavens, etc.): Chinese Communist policy toward, 255, 342; Chinese refugees, 343; defense of, 229, 435; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; Joint U.S.–Philippine Defense Board, 432; Mutual Defense Assistance Program, discussions concerning, 451n ; U.S. policy toward, 162, 378, 393, 570, 726
• Pibul Songgram (Phibun), Field Marshal Luang, 22, 140–141, 168n , 238
• Pickering, J. V., 1351
• Pierotti, Roland, 1312
• Pignon, Léon M., 136, 164
• Point Four Program, 182, 294, 305, 465, 647
• Poland, 97, 244, 992
• Policy Planning Staff of the Department of State, recommendations concerning U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 356–364
• Political Consultative Conference (1946), 1408
• Political situation in China, 478–479, 481, 526, 553, 559, 562, 566, 593, 598–600, 636, 649, 689–690, 776, 951
• Port Arthur: Soviet position in, 347, 357; Soviet withdrawal from, 1205, 1207
• Portugal: Chinese Communists, position on recognition of, 25–26, 188, 217, 246–247; Communist China and North Korea, position on U.S. export controls for, 836, 850, 854, 863, 880–881, 888–889, 896, 899, 903, 936, 942, 978
• Pote Sarasin, 176, 238
• Potter, John S., Real Estate, 1259
• Presbyterian Missions, 1259
• Protection of American lives and interests in China (see also under Chinese Communists), 801, 951, 953, 1183, 1192, 1215–1217, 1219, 1224–1225, 1229, 1231–1235, 1238–1240, 1244, 1250–1252, 1257–1260, 1262, 1265, 1269–1271, 1316, 1330, 1353, 1359
• Quirino, Elpidio, 32, 42, 51, 66, 116, 119, 167, 229, 432, 450–451
• Rajagopalachari, Chakravarti, 1086n
• Rankin, Karl, 207, 391, 555, 1133, 1171, 1175, 1178, 1189, 1353
• Ratnam, 105–106
• Recognition question (see also under Chinese Communists): de facto, 12, 15–16, 19–20, 22–23, 29–30, 60–61, 78, 99, 103, 109, 118–121, 124–125, 128, 130–133, 135–140, 203, 956, 962; de jure, 12, 19–20, 22–23, 29–30, 47, 60, 78, 86, 99, 105, 118, 139–140, 147, 153, 156, 203, 225, 236, 240, 242, 248, 926
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), 551, 602, 628, 737, 760–761, 764
• Reed, Charles S., 85–86, 823
• Reed, J. T. S., 1350
• Reuchlin, Jonkheer, O., 131
• Rhee, Syngman, 80–81, 144–145, 196, 1169
• Riberi, Papal Nuncio, 116, 162, 174–175
• Richardson, Hugh Edward, 1081, 1093–1094
• Riehlman, Roy W., 544
• Rinden, Robert W., 401, 407, 1135–1136
• Ringwalt, Arthur R., 56, 138–139
• Roberts, Frank, 134, 175–176, 1083, 1091–1092, 1094–1095
• Rocheta, Manuel, 246–247
• Rogers, Cyril, 327
• Romulo, Carlos P., 66
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 207n , 343n , 1370
• Roosevelt, Theodore, 358
• Roschin, N. V., 493n , 959, 1056, 1401–1403
• Rosse, G. M., 1312n
• Rossi, Italian Consul General, 1188, 1190
• Rusk, Dean, 160n , 258, 346, 347n , 368, 463, 465, 467, 509–511, 519–523, 561, 573, 581, 692, 694–696, 716–718, 720–723, 728, 870, 1024, 1365n
• Rylander, Capt. F. H., 1168, 1170–1171
• Ryukyu Islands: Status of, 160, 262;
• U.S. policy toward, 378, 393
• Saint Louis, George W., 653–654, 665, 668, 670
• Salientes, Lt. Col., 435
• Sampson, H. T., 665
• Sandifer, Durward, 346
• San Jevi, 1082
• Sarawak, 8
• Satterthwaite, Joseph C., 81, 88, 255
• Sawyer, Charles, 490, 505, 851, 857n , 878, 890
• Scarlett, Peter, W. S. Y., 118, 139n , 187, 193–194, 203, 215, 220–221, 224, 1115, 1118
• Schelke, C. V., 1350, 1352
• Schermerhorn, A. C., 1312n
• Schuman, Robert; 19, 29, 43, 88–91, 97, 123, 150, 169–170, 183, 189–190, 226, 236–237, 240, 436, 695
• Scott, E. J. F., 1091
• Scott, Robert H., 240–241
• Scott, Winfield Harrison, 782, 1261
• Scotten, Robert M., 204
• Scurr, Henry, 1136–1137
• Sebald, William J., 105–106, 263, 278, 544n , 974n , 1000–1001
• Seitz, H. F., 1004–1006, 1031, 1034, 1312n
• Selby, Ralph, 1083
• Sen, B. R., 31
• Seventh Day Adventists, 1259
• Shanghai: Chinese Communist occupation of, 1256–1262, 1266, 1283, 1293; labor union problems affecting American companies, 1254, 1262–1263, 1275, 1279, 1298–1299, 1301, 1304, 1314, 1337–1338, 1342–1343, 1345, 1350–1353; relief of, British proposal for, 52, 1308, 1334–1335, 1360–1362; U.S. defense of, proposals regarding, 1210–1212, 1214–1215
• Shanghai American Chamber of Commerce. see American Chamber of Commerce (Shanghai).
• Shanghai Chamber in New York, 1317
• Shanghai Evening Post, 1259
• Shanghai Post and Mercury, 1262
• Shanghai Power Company, 1008–1010, 1013, 1026, 1259, 1266, 1304, 1351
• Shanghai Telephone Company, 1259, 1351
• Shaw, A. A., 1351
• Shaw, John F., 1312–1316
• Shaw, L. K. (Hsiao Li-kwun), 1054
• Shell Oil Company, 1002–1004, 1006, 1011–1014, 1019, 1021, 1030, 1163
• Shen, H. J., 743, 749, 755
• Shen, T. H., 620, 661, 665
• Sheng Shih-tsai (Hsiung Hsi-hui), 1038, 1048, 1050
• Sherman, Adm. Forrest, 463–464, 467
• Shun Keng-tao, 767
• Sieling & Jarvis of New York, 1027
• Sikkim, 1066, 1079, 1085
• Singapore (see also under Chinese Communists: U.S. export controls, etc.), 7–8, 75–76
• Sinkiang: Chinese Communist control over, question of, 11, 1039, 1045–1047, 1055, 1062–1063; Dalai Lama’s influence in, 1072; Indian interest in, 143; Soviet activities and interest in, 11, 113, 292, 295, 385, 393, 493, 509, 535, 963, 1038, 1042, 1046–1047; Soviet trade and aviation rights in, U.S. interest in, 1037–1063; U.S. consulate, closure of, 1061, 1063; U.S. policy regarding, 1072
• Skylstad, R. I. B., 250–251
• Smith, Florence, 1312n
• Smith, H. Alexander, 173–174, 205–208
• Smith, Russel, 1281
• Smith, William C., 98, 192, 231, 247, 252, 996–999
• Smyth, Robert L., 92, 353, 615, 765n , 784, 909–911, 916–917, 919–922, 928, 930, 933, 940, 943–945, 954, 969–970, 982–983, 991, 1003–1004, 1010–1011, 1014, 1342
• Snyder, John W., 710, 742, 775–776
• Soong, John, 1351
• Soong, T. V., 311–313, 315–316, 319–320, 414, 487, 743, 1096, 1371
• Soongs, 701, 775
• Souers, Adm. Sidney W., 261, 270–271, 281–284, 288, 290, 294, 296–297, 307, 310, 335, 347, 369, 374, 376, 392, 460, 474, 479, 484–486, 488, 491–492, 507, 533, 540, 556, 826, 834, 890, 1022, 1198, 1209, 1214–1215
• Soule, Brig. Gen. Robert H., 181, 192, 231, 477, 1168, 1223, 1363
• Southeast Asia, 56, 67, 71, 77–78, 216, 218, 232, 255, 342, 817, 820–822, 871, 875
• Southeast Asia Union, 51, 70, 197
• Southern Baptist Mission, 1259
• Soviet Union (see also Soviet subheadings under specific subjects): Atomic bomb, production of, 582; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, nonsignatory of, 941; lubricants, efforts to obtain, 826; relations with Chinese Nationalist Government, 569, 957–960, 1047–1048, 1401–1403, 1406–1407; U.N. Security Council, member of, 258; U.S. recognition of, 68
• Spain, 23
• Sparks, Joseph S., 31
• Spender, Percy C., 260
• Spiegel, Harold R., 803–804
• Sproul, Robert Gordon, 510
• Sprouse, Philip D.: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1122–1125, 1127–1130, 1153, 1159–1160; Chinese Communist efforts to revive trade with Japan, 973; Chinese Communist treatment of U.S. consular offices, 922, 929; evacuation of Americans from China, 1273–1274, 1312, 1314–1316; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1024–1029, 1031; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 1, 2n , 5–6, 11n , 12n , 31, 36–40, 131, 149–151, 160n , 165, 184–188, 191–192, 199–200, 208, 230–231, 242, 244–247, 248n ; Taiwan question, 301–302, 368, 425–426, 433, 435–437, 467–468, 470; Tibet, status of, 1065, 1088, 1095–1096; U.S. economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, 641–642, 646, 649, 701, 706, 716, 789; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 498–499, 507, 511–513, 520–521, 523–524, 536n , 558–561, 576–577, 581, 589, 594, 597; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1204–1206; U.S. policy toward China, 519; U.S. trade policy toward Communist-occupied China, 817n , 821n , 823–826, 834–837, 841–842, 849, 870
• SS Flying Arrow, 1186–1187, 1189
• SS Flying Clipper, 88–89, 1132, 1134–1141, 1143–1148
• SS Flying Cloud, 1147–1148, 1154, 1157, 1163–1173, 1175, 1177, 1179, 1181
• SS Flying Independent, 88, 1130, 1132–1141, 1143–1148, 1183, 1350
• SS Flying Trader, 1135, 1139–1143, 1145–1146, 1148–1150, 1152–1154, 1156
• SS General Anderson, 1197
• SS General Gordon. see under Evacuation of Americans from China.
• SS Gripsholm, 1298
• SS Hanyang, 916–917
• SS Island Mail, 1257
• SS President Cleveland, 1258, 1276
• SS President Fillmore, 907–910
• SS President Wilson, 1244, 1246, 1248, 1250, 1276, 1285, 1296, 1304, 1307–1308
• SS Sir John Franklin, 1171–1182, 1184–1185, 1187
• Stafford, William B., 1312n
• Stalin, Iosif Vissarionovich, 68, 232, 255n , 1370, 1401–1402, 1406
• Standard Oil Company of California, 843
• Standard-Vacuum Oil Company, 792, 952, 954, 1002–1007, 1011–1014, 1016, 1010–1021, 1030–1031, 1033–1036, 1163, 1259, 1262, 1281, 1286, 1338, 1342, 1351–1352
• Stanton, Edwin F., 62–63, 140–141, 176, 212, 216, 231–233, 238–239
• Stassen, Harold E., 156, 158
• Steere, Loyd V., 98–99, 125–126, 135–136, 140
• Steinhardt, Laurence A., 18, 145–146
• Stevenson, Sir Ralph, 1–2, 15–17, 19–20, 22, 25, 28, 52–53, 89, 104–105, 118, 134, 147–148, 641, 919n , 1084, 1248–1249, 1271, 1274, 1315, 1335
• Stikker, D. U., 234
• Stillman, Charles, 664
• Stilwell, Lt. Gen. Joseph W., 462, 585, 1372, 1378, 1381
• Stockpiling Act, 587
• Stockpiling of strategic materials, proposals regarding Chinese contribution to, 587, 681, 683, 686, 689–690
• Stokes, William N., 216
• Strang, Sir William, 70, 84–85, 119, 257–258
• Stratemeyer, Lt. Gen. George E., 419
• Strong, Gordon, 795
• Strong, Robert C., 146–147, 400–402, 404–405, 407–408, 419, 471, 541, 540–551, 556, 578–579, 615, 691, 692, 697–698, 814–815, 1131–1133, 1135–1136, 1138, 1140, 1142–1148, 1153, 1155, 1161–1164, 1167, 1171–1173, 1175, 1179–1181, 1184–1185, 1191–1197, 1200–1203, 1207–1209, 1232–1233, 1253–1255, 1321–1346 passim, 1361
• Stryker, Gerald, 154–160, 168n
• Stuart, Arthur W., 789, 920
• Stuart, John Leighton: Blockade of Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1105–1107, 1120–1121, 1126, 1315–1316; China White Paper, 1371, 1385–1386, 1390, 1400; Chinese Communist bypassing of U.S. consular offices, 911n , 917–918, 940; Chinese Communist efforts to revive trade with Japan, 984–985; Chinese Communist regulations regarding disposition of foreign currency, 781–782, 786–788, 798–800; consultations in Washington, 18, 511, 708, 710, 712, 1368–1369, 1386, 1390, 1400; economic and financial situation in China, 736, 740, 744, 766–767, 798, 1316; evacuation of Americans from China, 1213–1217, 1219–1223, 1225–1229, 1234–1237, 1240–1241, 1243, 1247–1249, 1267–1271, 1275–1276, 1293, 1305, 1312, 1315; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Chinese Communist abrogation of, 949; military situation in China, 474, 476–477, 502–503, 1316; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1012–1013; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 12–17, 19–21, 23–25, 27–28, 30–31, 35–36, 40, 44–49, 52–54, 160n , 581; Sinkiang, Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding, 1037–1040, 1044–1046, 1048, 1051, 1054–1055, 1057; Taiwan question, 279, 287, 297–300, 302–304, 306, 311–312, 320, 351, 412–414; Tibet, status of, 1078; U.S. Commission to China, proposed, 510; U.S. economic and financial assistance to the Chinese Government, 615, 618, 622–623, 632–634, 641, 643, 654–658, 663–664, 705–708, 710, 712, 729–733, 750, 752–754, 757–759, 762–765; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 489, 491, 495, 498–499, 501–502, 580; U.S. military equipment diverted to Taiwan, disposition of, 275; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1194, 1200, 1204–1207; U.S. policy toward China, 511, 524–525, 1397, 1401–1407
• Stuart, Wallace W., 36–37, 558n , 1204
• Sullivan, Walter, 1166, 1169, 1171
• Sun Fo, 300, 308, 311, 664, 702, 736n , 745, 1040, 1047–1048, 1050–1051, 1053n , 1235
• Sun Li-jen, Gen., 263, 268, 283, 297–298, 300–301, 308, 310, 312–313, 327, 331, 333–335, 338, 345, 352–354, 363–365, 390–391, 402–403, 405–406, 408, 410, 413–414, 422–424, 429, 441, 446, 457, 471, 585, 720–721
• Sun Yat-sen, 69, 780
• Sun Yat-sen, Mme., 123, 134, 1062
• Sun Yueh-chi, 925n
• Supreme Commander, Allied Powers, Japan (SCAP) (see also under Chinese Communists: Trade with Japan and U.S. export controls, etc., and under Taiwan), 277, 287, 321, 355, 375, 403–404, 426, 428, 468, 613, 637, 665, 684, 830–831, 834, 843, 924, 942
• Swank, Emory C., 965–967
• Sweden, 250, 259
• Swett, Trevor W., 503–505
• Switzerland, 209–210
• Taiwan (see also under Evacuation of Americans from China):
  • Ammunition supplies on, 190, 713
  • Australian position regarding, 360, 432
  • Autonomy, proposals for, 263, 267, 269, 272, 278, 287, 322, 324, 361, 363, 369, 383, 399, 452; U.S. policy regarding, 274–275, 281–282, 303, 305
  • Bank of Taiwan, 308, 327, 339, 758, 815
  • British consul at Tamsui, retention of, 240, 242, 248, 342
  • British policy regarding, 219, 224–225, 248, 302, 341–343, 349, 389–390, 393, 425–426, 432, 435–438, 442–443, 463, 467–469, 589, 816, 900
  • British trade with, 818
  • Chiang Kai-shek: Gold and monetary reserves transferred to Taiwan, control over, 206, 293, 356, 583, 677, 703, 718–719, 725, 753, 758, 762, 785, 788, 791; political and military authority, reestablishment of, 283, 298, 300, 309, 311–312, 315, 319, 327, 338, 346, 351–352, 354, 363, 365–366, 370, 380–381, 389, 404–406, 408, 411, 413, 419, 421, 441, 445–446, 448–449, 451–453, 471, 482, 522–523, 585, 664, 706, 720, 726, 753–754, 1316, 1405–1406: U.S. policy toward Taiwan, 395–424 passim, 429, 433–434, 436, 443, 447, 454, 458–459, 463, 1405; withdrawal to Taiwan, 3, 268–269, 272–273, 279, 328, 331, 333, 336, 339, 342, 354, 381, 404, 527, 549, 702, 706, 1103
  • Chinese Air Force: Aviation gasoline needs, 1018; establishment of headquarters on Taiwan, 266, 339; loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek, 280, 562, 564, 1120; operations from Taiwan, 563–564, 1101, 1159–1162, 1306, 1359; transfer from mainland to Taiwan, 464
  • Chinese Communist attitude toward, 303, 351, 353, 382–383, 389
  • Chinese Communist conquest of, possibility of, 261, 353, 357–359, 384, 390–391, 393, 416, 425, 431–433, 436–438, 442, 561, 904, 1128, 1155, 1215, 1355
  • Chinese Government: Appeal for U.S. support, 301; gold and monetary reserves, 206, 293, 309, 339, 343, 356, 394, 414, 441, 583, 587–588, 677, 685, 713, 735, 740, 756, 758, 762, 783, 785, 788, 790, 796, 803, 814–815; transfer from mainland to, 664
  • Chinese Navy: Establishment of headquarters on Taiwan, 266; loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek, 280; transfer of training units to Taiwan, 1199
  • Communist activities and influence, 279–280, 287, 323, 331, 383–385, 389
  • Defense of, questions regarding, 229, 324–325, 332–335, 339, 343–346, 348, 352–354, 366, 370, 389–390, 394, 398, 400–402, 404–408, 413, 421–423, 429–431, 436–437, 453–454, 457–458, 460–461, 463, 584–585, 600, 702, 722, 756, 1215
  • Economic and financial situation, 321–322, 324–325, 339–340, 347, 351, 354, 366–370, 394, 406–409, 414, 417, 428–429, 441, 452–454, 470, 694
  • Economic Cooperation Administration program, 267, 270, 278, 287–329 passim, 335–338, 340, 348, 354, 356, 369–375, 380, 385, 388, 395, 397, 410, 417–418, 429, 432, 434, 452, 454–455, 457, 462, 584, 601, 606, 613–614, 626, 631, 644, 648, 656, 665–666, 673, 684, 688–689, 691, 697, 1359
  • Evacuation of Chinese Government offices to, 266, 599
  • Far East Air Force staff team, visit to Taiwan, 426–428
  • Far Eastern Commission trusteeship, proposed, 323
  • Formosan Democratic Independent Party, 334
  • Formosan Re-emancipation League, 269, 276–277, 280, 287, 301, 322–323, 389, 391–392, 406
  • French interest in, 269–270, 436
  • Independence, proposals regarding, 269–270, 272, 287, 296, 303, 305–306, 323–324, 326, 334, 339, 346, 350, 362, 382–384, 389, 392, 406, 452, 454
  • Indian attitude toward, 360, 363
  • Joint Commission for Rural Reconstruction projects, 290, 302, 308–309, 311, 314, 316–318, 320, 326, 328–329, 336, 338, 355, 370–373, 380, 385, 388, 395, 410, 418, 429, 602, 617, 629, 644, 661, 688, 691
  • Joint Sino-American administration, proposed, 381, 400, 408, 753
  • Kuomintang role, 398–399, 403–406, 420–421, 431, 452–454
  • Martial law, proclamation of, 337
  • Military situation, 352–354, 356, 359, 364–365, 368, 371, 374, 380–381, 385, 389–390, 410, 417–418, 422–424, 458, 530
  • Peace Preservation Corps, 431
  • Petroleum deliveries to, 1016, 1018
  • Philippine attitude toward, 229, 305, 348, 360–361, 363, 432, 434–435, 447, 450–451
  • Political situation, 272, 274, 283, 290, 309, 324–325, 330–331, 339, 347, 351–352, 366–368, 370, 378–379, 381–388, 391–392, 396, 399, 408–409, 415, 428–429, 431, 443–444, 446–453, 458, 470–471, 1373
  • Refugees from the mainland, influx of, 273–275, 282, 289, 292, 297, 316–318, 323–324, 328, 332–333, 336, 338–340, 351, 357, 366, 369–370, 388, 394, 396, 401–402, 407, 409, 417, 454, 466, 484, 629
  • Return to mainland of Chinese Government forces, political objective of, 457, 470, 629
  • Reversion to Japan, proposed, 287
  • Shanghai petroleum stocks, transfer to Taiwan of, 1010
  • Status of, 82, 84, 161, 173–174, 207, 233, 269–271, 328, 336, 342–343, 349–350, 354, 357, 359, 361–362, 366, 371, 382, 389–391, 453, 1359, 1404; position of the Chinese Government, 304–305, 389
  • Strategic importance of, 261–262, 266–267, 271, 279, 284–286, 302, 307–308, 315, 319, 325, 337, 341, 348, 353, 357, 370–372, 375–379, 388, 393, 396, 408, 416, 436, 443, 463–467, 613, 691, 697, 1359
  • Supreme Commander, Allied Powers, Japan (SCAP), proposals for administration of Taiwan by, 384–386, 427, 454–455
  • Thirteenth Air Force Group, presence of, 1213
  • Trade, 355–356, 367, 375, 410, 966, 978
  • United Nations control during interim period, proposed, 303, 305–306
  • United Nations intervention, proposed, 384
  • United Nations plebiscite, proposed, 266, 346, 349–350, 357, 361, 389
  • United Nations trusteeship, proposed, 207, 263, 287, 296, 333, 348–350, 362, 389, 447, 452, 455, 580, 1404–1405
  • U.S. diplomatic representation, 289, 292, 326
  • U.S. economic assistance for, 289, 292, 302, 310–311, 314–316, 318–320, 324–327, 332, 340, 344, 347–348, 356, 369–370, 394–396, 401–406, 418, 421–422, 425, 428–429, 434, 441, 445, 452–454, 457–459, 462, 470, 602–603, 605, 607, 629, 631–632, 634–635, 638, 651, 691
  • U.S. Embassy, transfer to Taiwan of, 462
  • U.S. export controls, 836, 854, 882, 889, 900, 902–904
  • U.S. military advisers, Chinese Government request for, 394, 398, 410, 418–421, 430–431, 434, 446, 458–459, 461–463, 465, 467–468, 1101
  • U.S. military aid supplies for China, diversion to Taiwan of, 266, 276, 478, 488, 491, 495, 498–501, 517, 1359
  • U.S. military and naval bases, proposals regarding, 265–266, 273, 286, 291–293, 315, 317, 327, 350, 354, 369, 385, 395, 408, 484
  • U.S. military assistance, question of, 305–306, 336, 394–395, 398–399, 410, 414, 416, 418, 421, 425–426, 428, 430, 435–442, 446–447, 450, 452, 457–465, 468, 487, 570, 679, 1405
  • U.S. military equipment, disposal of, 275–277, 394, 414
  • U.S. military intervention of occupation, proposals regarding, 207, 267, 272, 291–293, 296, 303, 305, 307–308, 315, 325–327, 340, 347–348, 357, 359–360, 363, 371, 379–382, 384, 386, 395, 399–402, 421, 429, 432, 434, 436, 447, 454–455, 457, 463–465, 484, 1404–1405
  • U.S. policy toward, 229, 233, 461–471, 484, 646, 648, 691, 697, 1204, 1358–1359, 1404–1405
  • U.S. trusteeship, proposed, 287, 333
  • Wedemeyer visit to, proposed, 483–484
  • White, J. G., Engineering Corporation, activities of, 309, 316–318, 326–329, 372–373, 375, 388, 410, 424, 429–430, 648, 675, 688
• Tambu, Charles, 197
• Tan Kah-kee, 75
• Tan Shao-hwa, 512–513, 1368–1369
• Tang En-po, Gen., 410, 482, 636–637
• Tang Tsung, 413
• Tanna Tuva, 956
• Tao Chih-yu, 1039, 1041, 1055
• Tariff Act of 1930, 953, 961
• Taymans, Roger, 230–231
• Teeling, William Burke, 343
• Terry, Carroll M., 1354, 1358
• Texas Oil Company, 954, 1002–1004, 1008, 1014, 1024–1026, 1259, 1342
• Thailand (see also under Chinese Communists: Recognition question), 5, 10–11, 22, 86, 162, 176, 178, 232, 239, 432, 465, 520, 570, 572–574, 584, 675, 723–724, 820, 860, 951
• Thomas, Lowell, 1080
• Thompson, Sir Godfrey, 238
• Thompson, J. J., 1350
• Thorp, Willard, 506n , 768–770, 998–999
• Tibet: British policy toward, 1067, 1074, 1080–1086, 1089–1096; Chinese Government mission in, expulsion of, 1079–1080, 1084; Chinese sovereignty and suzerainty over, 1065–1067, [Page 1438] 1069, 1079–1080, 1082, 1084, 1086; effect of Chinese Communist victory in China on, 9, 11, 74, 114, 231, 523, 1064–1066, 1069, 1072, 1076, 1081–1089, 1091–1097; foreign missions, 1067, 1079; gold, efforts to purchase, 1064–1065, 1067–1069, 1073, 1075, 1077–1078; independence of, question of, 1065–1067, 1070–1071, 1081, 1084–1089, 1092, 1094; Indian policy toward, 166, 178, 1064–1097 passim; Pakistan position, 1090; relations with West China, 1042; Soviet attitude toward, 1092; status of, U.S. policy regarding, 1064–1097; strategic importance of, 1067, 1060, 1075; trade mission to the United States, negotiations with India, 1064–1065, 1067–1068, 1073, 1075, 1077–1078, 1080; trade with the United States, 1071–1072, 1075; United Nations membership, question of, 1071, 1088–1092, 1095–1097; U.S. aid, re quest for, 1081, 1092, 1095; U.S. loan, request for, 1068–1069, 1077; U.S. recognition of Chinese sovereignty over, 1065, 1069–1070, 1072
• Tikhvinsky, Soviet Consul, 94
• Tito, Marshal Josip Broz, 36–38, 158, 193, 206, 888, 992
• Tobacco Products Company, 1259
• Tomlinson, Frank S., 846, 898–899, 906
• Tong, Hollington, 398, 444, 1120
• Trading with Enemy Act (1917), 771, 774–776
• Treasury, U.S. Department of, 489–490, 513, 595, 670, 737–766 passim, 771, 773–776, 778, 781n , 789–790, 795, 807, 809–811, 813, 815, 844, 911–912, 920, 925, 927, 930–932, 936, 952–953, 966–967, 1068
• Treaties and agreements in force between the United States and China, 169, 171–172
• Treaties, conventions, agreements, etc.:
  • Agreement between the United States and China for the sale of certain surplus war property (1946), 172, 483, 768n ; supplemental agreement (1948), 768n
  • Agreement between the United States and China providing for relief assistance to China (1947), 172, 621n
  • Agreement between the United States and China providing for the establishment of a joint commission for rural reconstruction in China (1948), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to claims arising from actions of U.S. military forces in China (1948), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to exemption from duty of the effects of diplomatic and consular officers (1930), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to financial aid to China (1942), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to the disposition of lend-lease supplies (1946), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to the establishment of the United States Educational Foundation in China (1947), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to the presence of the U.S. Air Force in China (1947), 172
  • Agreement between the United States and China relating to the transfer of U.S. naval vessels and equipment to the Chinese Government (1947), 172
  • Agreement for the repression of trade in white women (1904), 171
  • Air transit agreement between the United States and China (1946), 172
  • Arbitration treaty between the United States and China (1930), 172
  • Arrangement relative to the repression of the circulation of obscene publications (1910), 171
  • Brussels Pact (1948), 230
  • Cairo Declaration (1943), 171, 207, 271, 305, 343, 346, 349–350, 357, 361–362, 387, 400, 433, 453
  • Convention for promoting safety of life at sea (1929), 171
  • Convention for the formation of an international union for the publication of customs tariffs (1890), 171
  • Convention for the international exchange of official documents (1886), 171
  • Convention for the pacific settlement of international disputes and the limitation of the employment of force (1907), 171
  • Convention on international civil aviation (1944), 171
  • Convention to suppress slave trade (1926), 171
  • Conventions regulating the rules of warfare (1907), 172
  • Dollar credit arrangement between the United States and China for the purchase by China of surplus property abroad (1946), 172
  • Economic aid agreement between the United States and China (1948), 172, 638, 652; amendment of, Mar. 31, 632–635
  • Economic aid agreement between the United States and the Republic of Korea (1948), 856
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1947), 169, 171, 868n , 921, 924, 931, 940–966 passim, 972n , 988, 1109
  • International sanitary convention for aerial navigation (1944), 171; protocol (1946), 171
  • International telecommunications convention (1932), 171
  • Kowloon lease agreement between the United Kingdom and China (1898), 150, 160, 1160
  • Lend-lease agreements between the United States and China, 172
  • Litvinov agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union (1933), 24, 168
  • Nine power treaty (1922), 81, 84, 172
  • North Atlantic Pact, Apr. 4, 13, 377, 393, 516
  • Parcel post convention (1916), 172
  • Protocol amending the agreements, conventions, and protocols on narcotic drugs (1922, 1946), 171
  • Reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and China, 924, 961
  • Sino-American treaty of 1844, 1262, 1294
  • Sino-Soviet treaty (1945), 84, 150, 154, 695, 829, 959–960, 1207, 1370–1371, 1398
  • Statute of the International Court of Justice (1945), 171
  • Treaty between the United States and China relating to the relinquishment of extraterritorial rights in China (1943), 172, 273, 1106, 1210, 1262
  • Treaty between Tibet and Nepal (1856), 1094
  • Treaty of friendship, navigation, and commerce between the United States and China (1946), 172, 231, 1040–1041, 1045–1047, 1051–1052, 1106, 1219, 1235
  • Treaty of peace between China and Japan (1905), 305
  • United Nations Charter (1945), 11, 25, 60, 91, 171, 191, 195, 231–232, 236, 361, 1366
  • Universal postal convention (1934), 171
  • Yalta agreement (1945), 1370–1371, 1394, 1397
• Truman, Harry S.: Blockade of Chinese Communist-controlled ports by the Chinese Government, 1141–1142, 1147–1148, 1150, 1153n , 1157; China White Paper, publication of, 1317n , 1365–1370, 1372, 1374–1379, 1382, 1385–1393, 1397; Chinese Communist treatment of U.S. Consul General at Mukden, 1355; defense of Hong Kong, question of, 170; evacuation of Americans from China, 1210, 1343n , 1355; Mutual Defense Assistance Act of 1949, 721; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1022–1024; Point Four Program, 182, 294, 305, 465n , 647; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 27, 124, 127–128, 132, 151n , 189, 196; Taiwan, U.S. policy toward, 265, 267, 271, 281–282, 290, 293, 295–296, 298, 337, 358, 392, 443, 456–457, 459; Tariff Act of 1930, powers under, 961; trade with Communist China, 826, 834, 850, 870–871, 878, 889–890, 996, 1022; U.S. Commission to China, proposed, 509n ; U.S. economic and financial assistance for the Chinese Government, 602–606, 610–611, 614, 616–617, 635, 639–640, 643, 660, 680–681, 684, 693, 697, 699, 704–706, 708–712, 714, 721–724, 746–747; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 478–479, 482–483, 485–490, 498–499, 505–506, 513–514, 551, 568, 570–571, 582, 584, 586–587, 589–! 591, 693, 698–699, 709; U.S. policy toward China, 474, 484, 491, 499, 584, 1397, 1408–1409; Wedemeyer report on China, 1365–1367
• Tsiang Ting-fu, 256, 258, 696, 972n , 1396–1397
• Tsingtao: Chinese Naval Academy, withdrawal from Tsingtao of the, 265, 1199; Chinese Naval Training Corps, withdrawal from Tsingtao of the, 265, 1199; situation in, 614, 643, 1193–1194, 1203–1204, 1207–1208; U.S. naval forces, withdrawal of, 265, 476, 643, 1191–1209, 1236
• Tsui Tswen-ling, 1187–1188
• Tu Yueh-ming, 598
• Tu Yueh-sheng, 346
• Tuan Mu-chieh (Tu Mu-kai), 925n
• Tung Ling, 796, 1098–1099, 1102–1103, 1112–1113, 1115–1116, 1292, 1373,
• Turkey, 521
• U So Nyun, 37–41
• Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 256–258
• Unden, Östen, 250
• Unger, Leonard, 163
• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. see Soviet Union.
• United Kingdom (see also British subheadings under specific subjects): Arms shipments to the Chinese Government, question of, 507, 511–512, 515–516, 523–524, 527–528, 875–876; Chinese financial assets in the United Kingdom, proposals regarding control over, 801–803, 815–816, 960; Far Eastern Commission, member of, 360n ; military assistance agreement with the United States, discussions concerning, 220; policy toward China, 56–61, 88–90; U.N. Security Council, member of, 258
• United Nations:
  • Albanian admission, failure of, 11
  • China question, 3, 90, 143, 510, 695–696, 1212
  • Chinese representation, 50, 55, 61–63, 67, 107, 141, 145, 148, 152, 155, 157–159, 164–165, 168n , 176, 183, 189, 696
  • Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, question of participation by Viet-Nam and North Korea in, 143
  • General Assembly: China question, 55, 61, 66, 84, 94, 112–114; Chinese Government complaint against the Soviet Union, 150, 153–154, 189, 201, 235, 256–257; Chinese representation, 169–170, 183–184, 187, 191, 195, 588, 1383; Hong Kong question, 83; Indonesian membership, question of, 229, 234, 245, 256; Taiwan question, 349–350
  • Interim Commission, 235, 257
  • Italian membership, question of, 163–164
  • Manchurian question, 1365–1366
  • Mongolian People’s Republic, question of membership for, 1066
  • Registration of treaties, 1057
  • Security Council: China question, 88, 466; Chinese representation, 60, 66, 91, 99, 163, 183, 229, 254, 256–261, 466, 588; membership, 258, 260: Taiwan question, 272, 432, 1405; veto question, 258–259, 1096, 1405
  • Taiwan question, 161, 296, 305–306, 326, 341–342, 346, 348–349, 361, 371, 378, 387, 389–390, 396–397, 400, 580
  • Tariff Commission (U.S.), 933, 953
  • Tibetan membership, question of, 1071, 1088–1092, 1095–1097
  • Treaty obligations, respect for, 11
  • Trusteeship Council, 348–349, 1405
  • Trusteeship for Manchuria, proposed, 1366
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 171
• United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), 621, 677
• U.S. Army Advisory Group in China, 1247
• U.S. Commission to China, proposed, 509–511
• U.S. Information Service, 954
• U.S. Lines, 929, 939
• U.S. policy toward China, 107, 380, 474–475, 484–485, 491–496, 499, 507–511, 518–519, 524–527, 533–535, 558–561, 626–627, 630, 827, 832, 1066, 1181, 1263, 1265, 1365–1366, 1371, 1380–1381, 1385–1386, 1301–1392, 1397, 1401–1403, 1407, 1409
• U.S. Steel Export Company, 950–951
• Urquhart, Robert W., 641, 1360–1361
• Usher, Richard E., 37–40
• Vagnozi, Egidio, 167
• Valdes, Philip H., 1167–1171
• Van Bylandt, Willem F. L., 218
• Van Kleffens, E. N., 199
• Van Putten, James D., 244
• Vandenberg, Arthur H., 1373–1375
• Vaskov, V. V., 959
• Vatican. see under Chinese Communists: Recognition question.
• Viet Minn and Viet-Nam. see under French Indochina.
• Vincent, John Carter, 209–210
• Vyshinsky, Andrei Yanuaryevich, 27, 29
• Wan Chang Corporation, 993–994
• Walsh, Bishop James E., 116, 162
• Wan Waithayakon, Prince, 39, 41, 46, 176
• Wang Chen-chang, Gen., 449
• Wang Ching-wei, 559, 1121
• Wang Ping-nan, 126
• Wang Shih-chieh, 304–305, 332, 336, 365, 367–368, 379–381, 398–399, 403, 413, 424, 445, 580, 959, 1121, 1341, 1399
• Wang Shou-chin, 512
• Wang Yung-wu, 730
• War between the United States and the Soviet Union, possibility of, 539, 545; Chinese Communist views on, 914; Chinese Government expectation of, 422, 527, 549, 702
• Ward, Angus I., 104, 117, 137, 175, 181, 188–189, 192, 196, 198, 201, 210, 213, 216, 231, 244–245, 247, 249, 251–252, 916, 987, 989–990, 996–999
• Ward, Paul, 864
• Ward, Robert S., 1049
• Webb, James E.: Blockade of Chinese Communist ports by the Chinese Government, 1099–1100, 1134, 1136, [Page 1441] 1138–1142, 1145, 1152, 1157–1159, 1171–1172; China White Paper, publication of, 1368; Chinese airlines, proposed U.S. support for, 517–518; Chinese Communist efforts to revive trade with Japan, 985–987, 989–991; Chinese Communist regulations regarding surrender of foreign currencies, 783–784; evacuation of Americans from China, 1255–1256, 1348–1349, 1355, 1357–1358; petroleum supplies for Communist China and North Korea, 1024; recognition of Chinese Communists, question of, 27, 29, 33–34, 40–42, 45, 91–93, 103–104, 109–110, 160n , 189; Sinkiang, Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding, 1046; Taiwan, U.S. policy toward, 278, 345, 374–375, 392, 421–422, 426–427; trade with Communist China, U.S. policy regarding, 852–855, 878–880, 945; U.S. Commission to China, proposed, 509–510; U.S. economic and financial assistance for the Chinese Government, 645–646, 648–649, 651, 671, 696, 699n , 705–708, 787; U.S. military assistance to the Chinese Government, 490, 505–506, 556, 570, 582, 590–591; U.S. naval forces at Tsingtao, withdrawal of, 1201, 1209; U.S. policy toward China, 519, 524, 533–535, 540–541
• Wedemeyer, Lt. Gen. Albert C., 483–484, 490–491, 523, 1365–1367, 1378, 1381, 1388, 1408
• Wedemeyer Mission to China (1947), 1408
• Wedemeyer Report on China (1947), 1365–1367
• Wei Tao-ming, 263, 268, 313
• Wellborn, Alfred T., 203, 973
• Welles, Benjamin, 864–865
• Werner, Norman C., 965–966
• West, Robert R., 977–979
• West Germany, 883, 896
• Western European Union, rearmament program for, 473, 507, 511, 516
• Whampao Clique, 405–406
• White, P. Lincoln, 102
• Whitman, Roswell H., 823
• Wilcox, Francis, 1375
• Wilds, Walter, 160n
• Williams, John Z., 1004–1005
• Willis, George H., 775n
• Winckler, Jean-Claude, 96–97, 108–109
• Wong Chien, 449
• Wong Wen-hao, 730
• Wood, Percy, 133
• Woodward, Stanley, 708–710, 1368
• Wooldridge, Rear Adm. E. T., 1204–1205
• World Federation of Trade Unions, 246
• World Health Organization (WHO), 171
• Wright, Robert B., 76, 872
• Wu, K. C., 206, 280, 301, 311, 320, 322–323, 330, 333, 345–346, 353–354, 365–366, 372–373, 384, 397–399, 403, 405–406, 411–416, 423–424, 429, 441, 445, 447–449, 452–453, 455–457, 463–464, 466, 470–471, 737, 1161, 1233–1234, 1336, 1340–1342, 1395, 1404–1406
• Wu Chung-hsin, 312
• Wu Te-chen, 379
• Wu Tieh-cheng, 1120
• Wu Yang, 668–670
• Yalta Conference (1945), 433n , 1370–1371, 1373
• Yang, Chao-chia, 449
• Yao I-lin, 945, 976–977, 992
• Yee Tsoong, 946
• Yee Tsoong Tobacco Company, 1254, 1259
• Yeh, George K. C., 146–147, 235–236, 248, 419, 1037–1038, 1053–1054, 1059, 1061, 1102, 1117, 1155, 1160–1162, 1167, 1172–1173, 1179–1181, 1184, 1396–1399, 1404
• Yen, C. K., 320–322, 332, 354, 409–410, 423, 429, 441, 445, 1395
• Yen, Y. C. James, 578, 618, 661
• Yen Hsi-shan, Marshal, 95, 352, 441, 445–446, 471, 526, 694, 713, 793, 1098n , 1099, 1102, 1161
• Yost, Charles W., 160n , 576, 594
• Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA), 1259
• Yu Han-mou, Gen., 549, 702, 759
• Yu Mi-chien, 449, 455
• Yu Ta-wei, 365, 410, 1395
• Yu Yu-jen, 1395
• Yuan Tung Steamship Company, 994
• Yugoslavia, 60, 104, 122, 158, 258, 260, 992
• Yui, O. K., 730
• Zafrullah Khan, Mohammad, 112
• Zoppi, Vittorio, 17, 236