Index1

• Acheson, Dean, 1523n
• Ackermann, Leonard E., 1054n , 1062, 1063, 1070n , 1093, 1097–1098, 1125
• Allied Control Commission in Italy, 1064; in Rumania, 1191
• Allied Displaced Persons Commission, 1028
• Alphand, Hervé, 85
• American-Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, 1130n
• American Republics. See Refugees from Europe; also individual countries.
• Argentina, 927, 929–930, 951, 959, 1433–1435, 1519
• Armour, Norman, 924–925, 927, 929, 943, 956
• Armstrong, Hamilton Fish, 944, 945–949
• Arnold, Gen. Henry H., 699n
• Atcheson, George, Jr., 1351n , 1399
• Atlantic Charter, 604
• Atrocities. See Nazi atrocities, etc.; United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes; and War criminals.
• Australia, 1032n , 1283
• Austria:
  • European Advisory Commission, consideration of questions relative to. See under European Advisory Commission.
  • Postwar boundary with Germany, U. S. recommendation concerning, 302, 308
• Badoglio, Marshal Pietro, 188, 508, 508n
• Balkans (see also Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, and Rumania; also Bulgaria, Greece, Rumania, and Yugoslavia under Refugees from Europe, etc.): Extension of financial assistance to Americans in the Balkans, 1225; surrender terms for the Balkan States, European Advisory Commission’s consideration of, 39–40, 112, 160, 583–584
• Ballantine, Joseph W., 699n
• Baltic States, rescue of refugees from, 1049, 1160
• Barnes, Lt. Col., 547–548, 550
• Beaulac, Willard L., 496, 497, 498, 546
• Been, Joseph, 47–48
• Beck, Gen. Ludwig, 511, 512, 539
• Belgium (see also European Advisory Commission: Civil affairs arrangements for liberated areas, and Consultation with other Allied Governments):
  • Censorship agreement with United States, 1510, 1511n , 1520
  • Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, views regarding, 940–941
  • Liberation of Brussels and Antwerp, Sept. 4–5, 1204
  • Postwar boundary with Germany, U. S. recommendation concerning, 302, 308
  • Reestablishment of American Consulate General in Antwerp Oct. 17, 1207; of American Embassy, Sept. 14, 1207
  • Representation on United Nations War Crimes Commission, 1283, 1290–1298
  • Swiss representation of Belgian interests in Rumania, 1202–1203
• Beneš, Eduard, 944–945, 948–949
• Berezhkov, V. M., 706, 716n , 734, 738, 756, 798, 901
• Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 496–497, 531, 1518–1519, 1522–1523
• Best, Werner, 499
• Bianchi, João Antonio de, 1425, 1428, 1430
• Bidault, Georges, 96, 100
• Biddle, Francis, 1395
• Blanco, Juan Carlos, 925, 937, 939, 942
• Bogomolov, A. E., 96, 99
• Boheman, Erik C., 494–495, 526, 1038, 1039, 1414, 1416
• Bohlen, Charles E., 488n , 589–590, 699n , 782, 786, 933–936
• Bolivia, 1022n , 1026n , 1027n , 1086
• Bonomi, Ivanoe, 1212n , 1212, 1222
• Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria, 1109, 1456n
• Bormann, Martin, 486, 534, 535, 573
• Bowman, Isaiah, 633, 647, 698, 730, 814
• Brandt, Joel, 1050, 1061, 1062, 1089–1090
• Brandt, Willy, 552
• Brazil:
  • Acceptance of children and other refugees from Europe, 1032n , 1033n , 1120n , 1130, 1156
  • Membership in United Nations War Crimes Commission, question of, 1285, 1316
  • Questions relative to proposed United Nations Organization: Proposal regarding establishment of, 955; seat in Council, question of, 731, 732, 737, 739, 744, 759, 765, 932–933, 952–953
• Brown, Aaron, 1444–1445, 1449
• Bucknell, Howard, Jr., 606, 609, 994n , 1455n , 1456n , 1462, 1462n , 1510–1511
• Bulgaria (see also Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, etc.; and under Refugees from Europe, etc.): Death of King Boris III, 1456n ; extension of financial assistance to American nationals in Bulgaria, 1225; surrender terms for, preparation of, 39, 40; U.S.-Soviet cooperation in, question of, 1456
• Butler, Nevile, 1434–1435
• Butler, Richard A., 971, 976–977, 979
• Byrnes, James F., 1469n
• Cabot, John M., 699n , 925, 927–930
• Caceres, Julian R., 943, 956
• Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 636, 641–642, 697, 711–751 passim, 756, 764–766, 769, 773–805 passim, 811, 812, 815, 816, 818–824, 830n , 834, 837, 839, 842–856 passim, 870, 979–980
• Caffery, Jefferson, 1207n
• Caiazzo incident, 1315, 1315n , 1325
• Campbell, Sir Ronald Hugh, 496–497, 498, 1412n , 1412, 1428, 1430, 1439
• Campbell, Sir Ronald I., 638, 697–698, 1007, 1237–1238, 1243, 1339
• Canada, 996, 1032n , 1120n , 1129, 1240, 1513, 1514, 1515, 1516; views regarding Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, 933–936
• Canaris, Adm. Wilhelm, 497, 511
• Cannon, Cavendish W., 612–613
• Capel-Dunn, Colonel, 697, 849, 901
• Cárcano, Miguel Angel, 1433n , 1434
• Cárdenas, Juan Francisco de, 1416–1417, 1419, 1432
• Carroll, Wallace, 1455n , 1456
• Castillo Nájera, Francisco, 925, 937–938, 942–943, 943–944
• Castro, Hector D., 927, 929
• Censorship, policy and attitude of Department of State with regard to, 1507–1523
• Chang, P. H., 1399
• Charles, Sir Noel, 65n , 66, 1124n , 1140, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1384, 1389
• Chauvel, Jean, 1238–1239
• Chiang Kai-shek, 273, 535, 640, 827
• Chile, 943, 955, 958, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1085, 1115, 1157n
• China:
  • Chinese Communists, 785
  • Military strength, 703
  • Participation in Dumbarton Oaks Conversations. See Dumbarton Oaks Conversations: Anglo-American-Chinese phase; also under Dumbarton Oaks Conversations: Activities, etc., preliminary to Conversations.
  • Representation on United Nations War Crimes Commission, 1274, 1284, 1328, 1338, 1399
• Churchill, Winston S.:
  • Balkans, 610–611
  • Correspondence with Roosevelt, 166, 180–182, 188–189, 223, 224, 232, 513–515, 517–518, 564–566, 836–838, 849–850
  • France, 97, 98, 932
  • International Security Organization, preliminaries to the establishment of, 636–637, 745, 769, 773, 814, 832, 834, 836, 932, 935
  • Italy, 67
  • Miscellaneous, 474–475, 475n , 581, 745, 773, 784, 833, 937, 1007, 1381
  • Occupation questions, 180–182, 224, 340–341
  • Statement by the Allies to the German Army, question of, 515, 517–518, 519, 520, 521, 565–566
  • Surrender terms for Germany, 192, 359n , 484, 485
• Cicognani, A. G., 995–996, 1069n
• Clark Kerr. See Kerr, Sir Archibald J. K. Clark.
• Clattenburg, A. E., Jr., 1214–1215
• Cohen, Benjamin V., 648, 698, 791, 814, 834
• Colban, Erik, 1283, 1343, 1364
• Colina, Rafael de la, 956–957, 958
• Colombia, 925, 938–939, 943–944, 1032n , 1157n , 1177, 1188, 1190
• Combined Censorship Committee, 1510–1511, 1519–1520, 1521–1522
• Combined Chiefs of Staff, 340–341, 347, 385, 389, 394, 395, 396, 434, 435, 436, 452, 460, 462, 468, 1315, 1325, 1326, 1339, 1340, 1376, 1384, 1409, 1457, 1480–1481, 1485, 1488, 1495–1496, 1500n
• Combined Civil Affairs Committee, 972
• Conference of Allied Ministers of Education, held at London Apr. 5–29, 965–980
  • Emergency aid program, U. S. and British consideration of, 976–977, 979
  • Participation in Conference: Attitudes of Canada, China, and New Zealand, 965; U. S. acceptance of British invitation, and composition of delegation, 967–969, 973–974
  • Proposal for a United Nations organization for educational and cultural reconstruction, development and post-Conference consideration of, 966–967, 968, 969–973, 974–975, 979–980; report to Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, 977–978
• Cooper, Alfred Duff. See Duff Cooper, Alfred.
• Cornwall-Jones, Gen. A. T., 460, 542
• Costa Rica, 955, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1071, 1072, 1084, 1096, 1115n , 1116n , 1157n
• Cretzianu, Alexander, 488n , 1044n , 1045–1046
• Cuba, 1022n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1033n , 1157n
• Cutter, Col. R. Ammi, 1469
• Cyrenaica. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• Czechoslovakia (see also European Advisory Commission: Consultation with other Allied Governments and under Refugees from Europe, etc.): Civil affairs agreement with United States, proposed, 33; Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, views regarding, 948–949; interests of American nationals in Czechoslovakia, 1217; post-war boundary with Germany, U. S. recommendation concerning, 302, 308–309; representation on United Nations War Crimes Commission, 1283, 1338, 1341, 1353, 1360–1361, 1367; restoration of 1937 borders, 440
• Dahlerus, Birger, 574–578
• Deane, Gen. John R., 557–580
• De Baer, General, 1283, 1290, 1318, 1337, 1363
• de Gaulle, Gen. Charles, 87
• Dejean, Maurice, 95, 392
• de Kauffmann, Henrik, 1475n
• De Moor, Mr., 1284, 1299, 1343, 1354
• Denmark: Postwar boundary with Germany, U. S. position, 302, 308; war crimes committed in, 1291–1292
• Despres, Emile, 419, 425, 426
• de Valera, Eamon, 1429n , 1437, 1438, 1439, 1442, 1443, 1445, 1447–1448, 1449, 1452
• Dewey, Thomas E., 890n , 922, 1261
• Diplomatic and consular property of enemy governments and property of enemy diplomatic and consular personnel in liberated areas, U. S. policy regarding, 1471–1506
  • Enemy records and archives, availability to and utilization by Allied Governments, question of, 1481–1482, 1483, 1484, 1486–1488, 1492–1493
  • European Advisory Commission, discussions concerning securing and examining of information and archives, 1484, 1489–1491, 1493–1495; draft directive, 1501–1506
  • Treatment to be accorded to enemy diplomatic and consular premises and personnel, U. S. directive and discussions regarding, 1471–1481, 1482–1483, 1484–1485, 1488–1489, 1492, 1495–1501
• Displaced persons. See Germany: Prisoners of war and foreign nationals held by Germany.
• Dominican Republic, 1029, 1030, 1032n , 1033n , 1120n , 1157n
• Donovan, Gen. William J., 529, 556–557, 566–569, 571, 579, 580–582
• Doolittle, Hooker A., 1483
• DuBois, Josiah E., Jr., 425, 1120, 1125–1126, 1127, 1131
• Duff Cooper, Alfred, 99, 1235n , 1236, 1239, 1241
• Dulles, Allen W., 497n , 510n
• Dulles, John Foster, 890n , 921–922
• Dumbarton Oaks Conversations preparatory to establishment of an international organization for the maintenance of peace and security, 614–923
  • Activities, discussions, and exchanges of papers preliminary to Conversations:
    • Agenda, tentative, 649–650
    • American Group, composition and assignments, 646–650
    • Chinese participation in Conversations, question of, and Soviet position, 623, 637–638, 640, 641, 644–646, 651–652, 669–670, 693, 696–697; Chinese delegation, 712
    • Dates for Conversations, question of, 637, 640, 645, 650, 669, 693, 696, 698, 704, 705
    • Delegations, 697–699, 706, 712, 849
    • Moscow Conference documents (1943), cited as basis for discussions, 614n , 622n , 628–629, 670, 672, 691–692; Soviet position on Four Nation Declaration, 634
    • Preliminary draft papers:
      • Exploratory discussions relative to, and suggestions for preparation and exchange of, 622–623, 627–636, 640–642
      • Plans for handling Conversations, and tentative agenda, U.S., 647–650, 652
      • Summaries of topics for discussion: British, 623–625; U.S., 625–626
      • Tentative proposals for a general international organization: British draft (July 22), 670–693; Chinese proposals (Aug. 23), 718–728; Soviet memorandum (Aug. 12), 706–711; U.S. draft (July 18), 653–669; U.S. memorandum and statement of Dec. 23 and 29, 1943, 614–622
    • Publicity: Press announcement (Aug. 1) by Acting Secretary of State on planned opening of Conversations, 698–699; press statement by President Roosevelt (June 15) on postwar security organization program, 642–643
    • Roosevelt’s views: Approval of U.S. arrangements and tentative agenda, 652; press statement of June 15, 642–643; views on U.S. plans of Dec. 23, 1943, 620–622
    • Separate Anglo-American-Soviet and Anglo-American-Chinese talks, arrangements for, 637–638, 640, 641, 644–646, 651–652, 669–670, 693, 696–697
    • Smaller nations, considerations regarding, 639, 711
    • Soviet Union: Attitude and exchange of views with U. S. and British Governments, 634, 635, 637–638, 640, 641, 643–646, 650–652, 669–670, 693, 696–697, 704, 705, 712–713; delegation, 706; memorandum on an international security organization (Aug. 12), 706–711; Svegda article, 694–696
    • Territorial settlements and territorial trusteeships, views of Joint Chiefs of Staff as to military factors in relation to, 699–703, 705
    • Timing of establishment of world security organization, question of, 636–637
  • Aggression, acts of, discussions concerning (see also Breaches of the peace, infra), 710–711, 716, 725–726, 859, 864, 866, 896–898, 907–908, 909–912
  • Aims and principles of an international organization, 615–616, 624, 625, 653–654, 670–673, 685–686, 706–707, 708, 715–716, 717, 718–719, 746–747, 791, 796, 862, 890–891, 902–903
  • Amendments to the basic document, question of, 729, 755, 777, 830, 838, 900, 914
  • American Group: Composition and assignments, 647–650; meetings, 771, 793, 797, 808–809, 822, 830, 831, 840, 883
  • Anglo-American-Chinese phase, Sept. 29–Oct. 7, 850–900
    • Arrangements for, 786–787, 794, 840, 841–842, 845
    • Ceremonial opening session, 850–851
    • Draft document on establishment of international organization, arrangements for publication, 861, 863, 869–871, 882, 884
    • Joint Formulation Group, meetings and proposals of, 865–866, 867–868, 869, 881, 883, 885–888
    • Joint Steering Committee, meetings of, 851–861, 862, 866–869, 871–880
    • Plenary sessions, 862, 863–865, 884
    • Special Military Group, 865
  • Anglo-American-Soviet phase, Aug. 21–Sept. 28, 713–850
    • Draft document on establishment of international organization, developments concerning, 830, 838–839, 844
    • Hull, Cordell, meetings and discussions with President Roosevelt, Under Secretary Stettinius, and other officials, 759, 760, 768–769, 769–770, 772–776, 780–782, 804, 809–810, 811, 823–824, 831–834; with Congressmen, 769, 770
    • Progress reports on meetings:
      • American Group, 771, 793, 797, 808–809, 822, 830, 831, 840
      • Formulation Groups, 746–747, 761–764, 767–768, 771–772, 789–791, 796, 805–806, 807–808
      • Joint Steering Committee, 714–715, 716, 732–743, 747, 750–753, 755, 756–758, 764–767, 771, 776–778, 789–793, 793, 794–795, 796–797, 798–804, 818–820, 824–826, 828–830, 838–839
      • Legal Subcommittee, 730, 755–756, 771
      • Plenary sessions, 713–714, 715–716, 844–845
      • Special Military Subcommittee, 730, 753–754
      • Subcommittee on Organization (see also Formulation Groups, supra), 717, 728, 754, 767
      • Subcommittee on Security (see also Formulation Groups, supra), 718, 756
    • Recessing of meetings, question of, 816–818, 831, 832–833, 835–836
    • Roosevelt–Stalin exchanges of messages, 760, 782–783, 788–789, 806–807
    • Smuts, Jan Christian, message to Churchill concerning Soviet attitude, 836–838; Roosevelt’s comment, 849–850
    • Soviet refusal to sign joint agreement with Chinese, 795
    • Stettinius, Edward R., meetings and discussions with—
      • President Roosevelt, 730–732, 743–746, 758–759, 772–776, 784–787, 812–813, 814–815, 831–834, 842–843
      • Secretary of State Hull and other officials, 748–750, 759, 768–770, 772–776, 778–782, 783–788, 793–794, 804–805, 809–812, 813–814, 821–822, 822–824, 831–834, 846
  • Assembly of international organization. See General Assembly, infra.
  • Brazil, question of permanent seat on Council of international organization, 731, 732, 737, 739, 744, 759, 765, 932–933, 952–953
  • Breaches of the peace (see also Aggression, supra), 660, 756, 761–762, 765, 767, 859, 862, 896–898
  • Chinese participation. See under Activities, etc., preliminary to Conversations, supra, and Anglo-American-Chinese phase, supra.
  • Communiqués:
    • Discussions concerning drafting and issuance of, 816–818, 836, 839, 844, 845–846, 851, 880–881, 882, 884, 888–889
    • Draft texts, 817–818, 840–841
    • Text issued to the press Oct. 9, 889–890
  • Council of international organization. See Security Council, infra.
  • Cultural relations, question of, 723–724, 865, 866
  • Delegations to Conversations, 697–699, 706, 712, 849
  • Dependent areas, treatment of, 631–632, 770
  • Disarmament and regulation of armaments, 662–663, 768, 784, 787, 807, 825, 912–913
  • Economic and social cooperation, and proposed establishment of Economic and Social Council, 615, 624, 626, 629, 631, 651, 663–665, 665, 690, 707, 716, 717, 721, 722–723, 732, 732–733, 734–736, 749, 755, 760n , 766, 772, 776, 780, 783, 785, 787, 796, 807, 866, 869, 898–899, 913
  • European Advisory Commission, relation to international organization, 29
  • Executive Council of international organization. See Security Council, infra.
  • France, question of inclusion as member of Council of international organization, 97, 731, 737, 739, 740, 743–744, 759, 764–765, 857
  • General Assembly of international organization, 615, 618–619, 625, 655–657, 673–674, 708–709, 717, 719, 755, 807, 891–893, 904–906, 928–929
  • Human rights, 789, 825, 829, 830, 834, 838, 842
  • Interim security arrangements, question of, 790, 797, 808, 826, 900, 914–915
  • Internal affairs of states, question of non-intervention by international organization, 741–742, 791, 808, 829, 838–839
  • International air force, proposed, 716, 748–749, 769–770, 772–773, 778, 784, 785, 788, 795, 826, 860, 864, 865
  • International Court of Justice, 615, 626, 658, 675, 710, 716, 724, 734, 771, 842, 864, 866, 895, 907
  • International Labor Organization, 674, 676, 695, 722
  • International police force, proposed, 686, 695, 726, 773
  • Liquidation of League of Nations and transition to new international organization, 842, 857–858, 883, 885–888, 915–921
  • Membership of international organization (see also Voting, infra):
    • Admission and expulsion or withdrawal of states, 673, 717–718, 719, 731, 733, 737, 740, 745, 747, 774–775, 777, 783, 891, 903–904
    • Council membership, permanent and nonpermanent, 737, 739–740, 790, 791–793, 805, 814, 825; Brazil and France, question of permanent seats for, 731, 732, 737, 739, 740, 743–744, 759, 764–765, 857, 932–933, 952–953
    • Initial membership, question of, 673, 738, 742–743, 747, 749, 751, 756–758, 776–777, 784, 788, 796, 814, 829, 842, 843, 847, 856–857, 879–880
    • Non-member states, 727–728
    • Obligations of member states, 620, 727
  • Method and procedure for establishing international organization, question of, 625, 668–669, 690–693
  • Military aspects of postwar organization (see also International air force, supra), 661–663, 721, 734, 753–754, 762–763, 766, 767–768, 778, 784, 788, 791–792, 795, 808, 826, 829–830, 862, 892–893, 896–897, 910–912
  • Name and headquarters of international organization, suggestions and discussions, 676, 731–732, 745–746, 767, 772, 774, 789–790, 795, 848–849, 857, 858
  • Non-participating governments, reactions to Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, 924–959
    • Canada, views of, 933–936
    • European countries, views in response to U. S. request for: Belgium, 940–941; Governments-in-exile in London (Netherlands, Poland, and Czechoslovakia), attitudes of, 944–949, 953–954; U. S. communication requesting information as to reactions, 931–932
    • Latin American countries: Brazil’s interest in a seat on Council of proposed international organization, and U. S. position, 932–933, 952–953; U. S.-Latin American discussions, 924–931, 936–940, 941–944, 949–951, 954–959
  • Pacific settlement of disputes, 651, 658–659, 676–685, 710, 716, 724–726, 728, 730, 761, 765, 808, 825, 864, 865–866, 869, 895–896, 908–909
  • Post-Dumbarton Oaks activities of Department of State, and continuing preparations for a United Nations Conference: Memorandum on transition from League of Nations to new international organization, 915–921; résumé of evolution of the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, 901–915; suggestions and further consideration regarding questions of voting procedures and trusteeships, 921–923
  • Preliminaries. See Activities, discussions, and exchanges of papers preliminary to Conversations, supra.
  • Principal organs of international organization, 616, 654–655, 673, 707, 708, 719, 747, 891, 904
  • Proposals for establishment of an international organization:
    • Preliminary drafts:
      • Dec. 23 and 29, 1943, U. S. memorandum and statement, 614–622
      • July 18, U. S. draft, 653–669
      • July 22, British draft, 670–693
      • Aug. 12, Soviet memorandum, 706–711
      • Aug. 23, Chinese draft, 718–728
    • Publication of document, arrangements for, 830, 838–839, 844, 860–861, 863, 869–871, 880, 882, 884
    • Résumé (Nov. 20) of drafting procedures and of evolution of the various sections of the document, 901–915
    • Text of agreed draft dated Oct. 7, released to the press Oct. 9, 899–900; joint communiqué of Oct. 9, 889–900
  • Regional arrangements, question of, 627, 636–637, 688–689, 716, 727, 778, 790, 825, 847–848, 898, 912
  • Secretariat of international organization, plans for, 626, 667, 675, 710, 719–720, 771, 900, 914
  • Security Council of international organization (see also Voting, infra), 615, 617–618, 626, 657, 674–675, 709–710, 718, 719, 729, 734, 737, 738–740, 755, 762, 763–764, 766, 893–894, 906–907; composition of Council, 737, 739–740, 764–765, 790, 791–793, 805, 814, 825, 893
  • Smaller nations, 639, 711, 778, 826–827, 837, 888–889
  • Soviet republics, question of admission to international organization as member states (X matter), 738, 743, 743n , 744, 750–751, 751–753, 759, 760, 760n , 770, 776, 782–783, 810–812, 868–869; position of Roosevelt, 752, 760, 776, 843, 868
  • Structure of international organization, 615, 616, 654–655, 719
  • Territorial integrity and political independence, proposals regarding, 859, 864, 866
  • Territorial settlements and trusteeships, 626, 651, 665–667, 699–703, 705, 722, 842, 843, 847, 848, 856, 922–923
  • Treaty obligations of international organization members, 727, 862
  • United Nations Conference, plans for (see also Post-Dumbarton Oaks activities, etc., supra), 776, 778–779, 839, 843, 848, 929
  • Voting procedures in international organization:
    • Assembly, 729, 807, 878, 893, 905–906
    • Council (see also States parties to dispute, infra), 716, 720, 729, 731, 733, 740–742, 748, 763–764, 766–767, 769, 770, 775, 777, 780, 783, 785, 788, 798–805, 824–825, 842–843, 847, 851–856, 871–879, 880, 882, 894, 907
    • States parties to a dispute, 737–738, 740–742, 744, 748, 750, 763, 766–767, 770, 775, 777, 784, 786, 788–789, 797, 798–805, 871, 879, 921; compromise proposal drafted by Formulation Group, and further discussion, 805–807, 808–810, 812–814, 814–815, 816, 818–824, 826–828, 829, 830, 834–835, 836, 853–855, 882–883
  • X matter. See Soviet republics, question of admission to international organization as member states, supra.
• Dumbarton Oaks Proposals. See Dumbarton Oaks Conversations: Proposals for establishment of an international organization.
• Dunn, James Clement, 4–5, 85–86, 100, 165–166, 207–208, 251–253, 421n , 486, 579, 648, 649, 698, 713n , 714, 716n , 730, 734, 738, 739, 752, 756, 759, 769, 773, 780, 791, 792–793, 800, 802–803, 818, 831, 851, 854, 855, 857, 859, 867, 871, 873, 874, 875, 876, 879, 880, 885–887, 901, 921, 1467, 1469, 1507n
• Ecer, Mr., 1283, 1360, 1367
• Ecuador, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1033n , 1071, 1072, 1084, 1096, 1115n , 1116n , 1120n , 1157n
• Eden, Anthony, discussions and activities in connection with—
  • Allied declarations regarding Nazi atrocities, 1033, 1233n , 1235, 1237, 1250–1251, 1258, 1264, 1379–1380
  • European Advisory Commission, 8, 9, 12, 14, 27, 28, 58, 62, 79, 80, 98, 162, 270, 339, 369, 390, 390n , 474–475
  • Governmental assistance to persons forced to emigrate, 1126, 1142
  • Preliminaries to the establishment of an International Security Organization, 632, 635, 636–637, 711, 775, 827, 834
  • Surrender terms for Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania, 584, 604
  • Surrender terms for Germany and unofficial peace feelers from Germany, 485, 488, 538n , 575, 584–585
  • United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes, 1265, 1281, 1342, 1350, 1360, 1376–1378, 1379–1380, 1380–1381, 1384, 1385, 1390, 1391, 1401–1403
• Educational and Cultural reconstruction. See Conference of Allied Ministers of Education.
• Eichmann, Adolf, 1050
• Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight D., 27n , 232, 396, 409, 460n , 507, 510, 520, 540, 542, 543–544, 544n , 556, 1174–1175, 1175n , 1193n , 1237, 1238, 1240n , 1241, 1243, 1244, 1262, 1337, 1500n
• El Salvador, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1033n , 1071, 1072, 1115n , 1116n , 1120n , 1157n , 1173–1174, 1185n
• Embick, Gen. Stanley D., 648, 698, 831, 832, 833
• Emergency Advisory Committee for Political Defense, 1051n , 1052, 1054, 1073–1074
• Emergency measures for the welfare of U. S. citizens in enemy, former enemy, and enemy-occupied countries, 1192–1226
  • American properties in Italy, discussions regarding desequestration of, 1212, 1222–1223; American properties in Bulgaria and Hungary, 1199–1200, 1209
  • Financial assistance to American nationals, instructions and reports regarding, 1192–1199, 1200, 1206, 1210–1212, 1217, 1224–1225
  • Protection of lives of U. S. citizens, and of Allied property, 1199–1200, 1205, 1209, 1217–1219, 1220, 1221, 1226
  • Repatriation of American civilians, discussions concerning, 1204–1205, 1209, 1216–1217, 1226; use of State Department facilities, proposed, 1213–1215
  • Swiss representation of American interests, 1200–1202, 1203, 1204, 1205–1206, 1207–1208, 1208, 1209, 1217, 1219, 1226; of interests of other nations, 1202–1203, 1208, 1209, 1211–1212, 1220–1221, 1225, 1226
  • Transfer of American interests from Swiss to U. S. officials:
    • Discussions concerning, 1200–1204, 1205, 1206–1208, 1221
    • Reestablishment of U. S. Consulates in Antwerp, Naples, Palermo, Rome, and Salonika, 1194n , 1200, 1200n , 1207, 1210n , 1225; of U. S. Embassies in Athens and Brussels, 1207, 1225n ; of U. S. Mission in Paris, 1207n
• Emerson, Sir Herbert W., 983n , 994, 1022, 1107, 1132, 1142–1144, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1190
• Emrys-Evans, Mr., 1448–1449
• Erhardt, John G., 398
• Ertegün, Mehmet Münir, 1041n , 1436
• Escalante, Diogenes, 925, 939, 942
• European Advisory Commission, 1–483
  • Austria, consideration by EAC of questions relative to, 434–483
    • Economic and financial matters, 439–440, 445–446, 449
    • Establishment of democratic self-government, U. S. and British policies, 115, 153, 397–398, 439, 441–442, 443, 444, 446–447, 449, 455, 478–483
    • Frontiers with Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Italy, and Germany, 440–441, 441, 448
    • International status, 438–439, 447–448
    • Military government, directive by Combined Chiefs of Staff, 460–462, 469–470
    • Moscow Declaration on Austria (Nov. 1, 1943), cited, 115, 397, 438–439, 467, 470, 472, 474
    • Occupation and control (see also Zones of occupation, infra):
      • British policy papers, 227–230, 455–458
      • Character and duration of, 442–443, 455–458
      • Combined Chiefs of Staff directive, 460–462, 469–470
      • Participation by United States in tripartite occupation, discussions and recommendations, 178, 434–438, 442, 448–449, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 458–459, 462, 472–477
      • Relationship between Austrian and German control machinery, 458
      • Security functions, 443–444, 449
      • Soviet draft protocol regarding, 450
      • Stages of control, 456–457
    • Political matters and policy recommendations, 222–223, 438–439, 441–442, 444–445, 448–449, 451
    • Separation from Germany, 455–456, 461
    • U. S. policy regarding, 437–449, 451, 462–466
    • Vienna, plans for establishment of a tripartite control commission, 457, 458, 461, 466–468, 472–473, 483
    • Zones of occupation: Discussions concerning allocation of, 453, 454, 458–459; Soviet draft protocol, and views regarding, 470–473
  • Civil affairs arrangements for liberated areas, question of:
    • Discussions by U. S., British, and Soviet Governments regarding, 8–11, 14–16, 20–21, 24–26, 30
    • France, 4, 6–8, 19–20, 21–22
    • Norway, Netherlands, and Belgium, 15, 16–17, 18–19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26–27, 30, 31, 32, 34–39; citations to texts of various agreements signed May 16, 10n , 38–39
  • Combined Civil Affairs Committee, 361, 362, 363
  • Consultation with other Allied Governments, question of, 40–84
    • Consideration of question in general, 40–43
    • Inter-Allied Armistice Study Committee, proposed study program for disarmament of Germany, 47–50, 52–53
    • Surrender terms for Germany and its satellites:
      • Allied Consultation Committee, establishment by EAC, and invitations to Allied Governments for consultation with, 84
      • Desire of European Allied countries to participate in preparation of, and views of U. S., British, and Soviet Governments, 43–46, 50–52, 54–62, 79–82
      • Letter to nine European Governments requesting views on draft surrender instrument, 62–63, 253, 255; views of the Governments, 68–77, 86–88
      • Participation of Italy, question of, 64–68, 77–78, 83
  • Enemy records and archives, securing and examining of, 1484, 1489–1491, 1493–1495, 1501–1506
  • First formal meeting, 17–18
  • France, admission to full membership in EAC (see also Consultation with other Allied Governments, supra), 85–100
    • Admission of France to discussions of German surrender terms within EAC prior to membership, 85–91, 92–94, 329
    • French formal request, 91–92
    • Permanent membership, steps leading to, 95–100; press statement issued Nov. 11, 99
  • Germany, work of EAC on questions relative to. See Germany.
  • Military matters, status of EAC in relation to, 13–14, 16, 17, 25–26, 29
  • Moscow Conference documents cited with respect to role of EAC, 1n , 6n , 11–12, 15n , 16n , 24, 25, 26, 31, 39, 110n
  • Press release, Jan. 14, text, 18n
  • Scope of activity and functions, U. S. and British divergence of views and Soviet position, 1–5, 11–14, 16–17, 27–34
  • Surrender terms for Bulgaria, Hungary, Rumania, and Finland, information concerning preparation of, 39–40, 112, 160, 583–584
  • Terms of reference, 1n , 11–12, 31–32, 39, 42, 45, 51, 110n
  • Working Security Committee (U. S.):
    • Establishment and functions, 111–112, 351
    • Memoranda by, 100–109, 185–188, 335–338, 306–368, 376–378
    • Preparation and review of documents, 211n , 267–269, 327, 328, 343, 352–353, 357–358, 371, 372, 416
• Exchange of nationals. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.: Passports, etc.
• Fairchild, Gen. Muir S., 648, 698
• Falkenhausen, Gen. Alexander von, 511, 512
• Falla, Paul, 697, 715n , 849
• Feldscher, A., 1169–1170, 1178–1179
• Finland (see also Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, Finland, etc.): Rescue of Jews from Finland, 1036–1037, 1037–1039, 1065–1066; surrender terms for, preparation of, 39, 40
• Fitin, Gen. P. M., 557
• Fletcher, Henry P., 698, 767, 884, 914
• Foot, Dingle, 1145
• Forrestal, James V., 1392, 1468, 1469n
• France (see also Emergency measures, etc.; and under Nazi atrocities and Refugees from Europe, etc.):
  • Alsace-Lorraine, U. S. recommendation for return to France, 302, 308
  • American interests, 1221, 1224–1225
  • Censorship, 1511n , 1521
  • European Advisory Commission:
    • Admission of France to full membership in. See France, etc., under European Advisory Commission.
    • Civil affairs arrangements for France, 4, 6–8, 19–20, 21–22
    • Consultation of EAC with other Allied Governments and France. See European Advisory Commission: Consultation, etc.
    • French interest in zones of occupation in Germany, possibility of, 95–96, 384–385
    • French position regarding surrender terms and control machinery for Germany, 427–429
  • Liberation of Paris Aug. 23, 1944, 1202n
  • Postwar policing of, views of Roosevelt and Churchill on question, 166, 181–182, 184, 189, 232, 264
  • Representation on United Nations War Crimes Commission, 1283, 1285, 1398, 1406
  • United Nations Organization, proposed, question of French seat in Council of, 731, 737, 739, 740, 743–744, 759, 764–765, 857
  • U. S. Mission in Paris, reestablishment of, 1207
• Franco, Gen. Francisco, 1243, 1430
• Freedom of speech, press, and religion in postwar Germany, 221, 227, 245, 337
• French North Africa. See under Refugees, etc.
• Fromn, Col.-Gen. Fritz, 530
• Fulbright, J. William, 969–970, 973; Fulbright Resolution of Sept. 21, 1943, relative to an international security organization, cited, 614n
• Gates, Artemus L., 1466n , 1468, 1469
• Gauss, Clarence E., 1351
• Geneva Convention relative to prisoners of war (1929), cited, 191, 1027, 1039, 1072, 1077, 1228, 1229, 1230, 1269
• Gerig, O. Benjamin, 885, 901, 902
• German surrender, anticipation of (see also Germany, work of European Advisory Commission, etc.: Surrender instrument; and Unconditional surrender terms for Germany), 484–579
  • Allied propaganda activities, and rejected proposals:
    • Appeals to German people and army, 501, 501n , 502–505, 520–522, 527–529, 540–541, 543–544, 556
    • “Black propaganda” plan of OSS, 567–570, 579; proposal for fake Hitler broadcast, 522
    • German reactions to Allied propaganda, 505–507
    • Roosevelt proposals to Churchill and Stalin, and replies, 513–515, 517–518, 519, 564–566
    • SHAEF directive for Germany, joint propaganda use of, 560–562
  • Assassination attempt on Hitler, July 20, 1944, rumors and reports following, 539, 550, 552–553, 555, 573, 575–576, 577; citation to statement by Secretary Hull, 532
  • Free Germany movement, Soviet-sponsored, 506, 524, 525
  • German collaborators and informants, questions relating to Allied use of, 523, 531, 566, 571
  • Peace feelers from Germany (unofficial):
    • Accounts and rumors of peace feelers, and Allied reactions and demands for unconditional surrender, 485–493, 495–496, 497–500, 510–513, 515–517, 523–527, 529–530, 532–540, 546–547, 547–548, 549, 550–553, 554–556, 557–559, 563–564, 571–572
    • Contacts with peace emissaries, instructions to U. S. and British representatives regarding, 495–496, 496–497, 500n , 515, 548, 549–550, 553n , 578
    • German attempts to divide Allies, speculation regarding, 495, 496–497, 498–499, 510–513, 537–538, 549, 551, 558, 559
    • Soviet requests for information, and U. S. and British responses, 538–539, 557
  • Postwar treatment of Germany, 501–502, 507–510, 550; Roosevelt’s criticism of Handbook of Military Government in Germany, 544–546
  • Soviet Union, speculation and rumor regarding good faith of, 494–495, 535
  • Yalta statement by Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin calling for German surrender, 579
• Germany (see also German surrender, anticipation of; Nazi atrocities; Unconditional surrender terms for Germany; and under Refugees from Europe, etc.), work of European Advisory Commission on questions relative to, 100–434
  • Archives, records, and other information, proposed arrangements regarding, 106, 120, 135–136, 259, 336
  • Censorship and public information control, 222, 348
  • Combined Chiefs of Staff, 340–341, 347, 385, 389, 394, 395, 396
  • Communications facilities, control of, 106, 118, 123–124, 130, 178, 222, 258, 259–260, 337, 345, 359
  • Control Council, 187–188, 247, 300, 377, 383, 395–396
  • Control machinery and military government:
    • Administration of Germany, U. S. statement of military and political policies to be followed, 335–338
    • Administrative machinery, 213–214, 215, 220–221, 248, 299–301, 317–318, 322, 375, 377, 383, 400–401
    • Agreement on Control Machinery in Germany, signed Nov. 14, 384, 391–392, 395–396, 404–406, 415; citation to text, 404
    • Discussions and working papers (see also Draft directives, infra), 154–159, 185–188, 199–207, 211–216, 241–243, 246–248, 267–269, 299–301, 344–346, 358–359, 369–372, 374–378, 423–426
    • Draft directives to Allied Commanders-in-Chief:
      • Discussions and suggested texts of general directives, 115, 199, 217–222, 224–227, 244–246, 393–394, 396
      • U. S. and British directives: Consideration of British drafts by U. S. Government officials, 378–383, 407–408, 410; lists and information concerning, 242n , 350n , 353–354, 361n , 371–372, 393n , 414, 416–417, 424; U. S. directive to Supreme Allied Commander (J.C.S. 1067), 341, 359–364, 381, 383, 389–391, 393–394, 406–407, 410–411, 418–422, 429–430, 433
    • French position, 427–429
    • High Commission for Germany, 156–159, 201–207, 215
    • Post-surrender (or “Middle”) period, 157, 201, 211–216, 224–227, 288–289, 299–301; U. S. draft directive to Supreme Allied Commander (J.C.S. 1067), 341, 359–364, 381, 383, 389–391, 393–394, 406–407, 410–411, 418–422, 429–430
    • Pre-surrender period, 156, 201, 217–223, 396
    • Proclamations and general orders to implement surrender terms, 193–194, 198, 199–200, 332–333, 365–368, 396, 413–414, 416, 418–419, 430–432
    • Reconstruction of Europe, relation to control machinery for Germany, 320
    • Smaller United Nations, question of participation in control of Germany, 305, 319–320, 378
    • Treatment of Germany in control period:
      • Economic policy on Germany, U. S. objectives, 276–287, 303, 312–313, 323, 345, 387, 398–403, 409–410, 411–412, 414, 426
      • Morgenthau plan, 344, 353, 425–426
      • Soviet position, 403–404
      • U. S. policy recommendations (see also Economic policy, supra), 251–252, 268, 301–328, 335–338, 343, 357–358
    • U. S. procedures in developing policy papers for negotiation in EAC, problems connected with, 331–332, 348–351, 352–354, 364, 371
    • U. S. summary memoranda: Status of negotiations in EAC as of Aug. 22, 325–328; status of negotiations and summary of problems as of Sept. 29, 344–346; status of plans for Germany [Page 1539] as of Nov. 11, 395–398; summary memorandum of Jan. 22, 1945, 429–434
  • Decentralization, 226–227, 303, 312
  • Demobilization. See Disarmament and demilitarization, infra.
  • Denazification policies (see also Nazi Party, etc., infra), 375, 377, 420
  • Diplomatic and trade relations of Germany, 109, 119, 132–133, 304, 313–314, 338
  • Disarmament and demilitarization of Germany, 105, 117, 122, 126–127, 142–143, 174, 198, 220, 226, 245, 247, 257, 305, 310–311, 320–321, 335–336, 345, 358–359, 416, 417, 433
  • Discriminatory laws, suspension of, 108, 220, 226, 245, 259, 337
  • Dismemberment of Germany, 161–163, 163–166, 274, 303, 311–312, 345, 359
  • Displaced persons. See Prisoners of war, etc., infra.
  • EAC meeting of July 25, minutes, 252–254
  • EAC reports to U.S., British, and Soviet Governments: July 25, 254–256; Nov. 14, 404–406
  • East Prussia and Danzig, 141, 143, 152–153, 302
  • Economic and financial matters:
    • Provisions in draft documents and working papers, and discussions concerning, 103, 107, 109, 118, 131–132, 158, 247, 303–304, 312–313, 323, 334, 357, 371, 372, 413, 420–421
    • U.S., British, and Soviet divergence of views regarding economic treatment of Germany, 398–403, 413
    • U. S. economic policy with respect to Germany, objectives of, 276–287, 303, 312–313, 323, 345, 387, 398–403, 408, 409–410, 411–412, 414, 426
  • Educational system and cultural agencies, 109, 345, 359
  • Enemy nationals and property, treatment of, 117, 127–128, 222, 260
  • Evacuation of territory by German forces, 105, 116, 124
  • Freedom of speech, press, and religion, 221, 227, 245, 337
  • Frontiers, 143–144, 302–303, 307–310, 441
  • German naval vessels and aircraft, question of disposition of, 122–123, 175–176, 257, 258, 355–356
  • Joint Chiefs of Staff (see also Control machinery: Draft directives, supra), 167–172, 183–184, 185, 190–191, 195–196, 207–208, 210, 251–252, 327, 352–353, 355–356, 365–366, 368–369, 374–375, 385–387, 392, 407
  • Law and order, maintenance of, 109, 245
  • Merchant shipping, disposition of, 106, 118, 128–129
  • Minority groups, compensation for injuries to, 297
  • Minutes of EAC meeting of July 25, 252–254
  • Movement of persons, control of, 107, 338
  • Nazi Party and Nazi organizations, dissolution of, 108, 120, 135, 143, 220, 222, 226, 245, 247, 305, 322–323, 325, 335–336, 336, 345, 359
  • Occupation (see also Occupation zones, infra):
    • Occupation currency, 131
    • Occupation organs, 102, 105
    • Provisions in draft documents and working papers, and discussions concerning, 102, 102–103, 105, 106, 109, 118, 131, 139–154, 157–158, 304–306, 317–321
    • Stages of occupation, 145–146
  • Occupation zones:
    • Allocation of zones (see also Berlin, infra), 141, 150–153, 173, 177–178, 179–181, 195–196, 209, 211, 223–224, 231, 232, 235, 261–262, 318, 326, 340–341, 342–343, 354–355, 368–369, 385–387, 388–389; possibility of French demands, 95–96, 384–385
    • Berlin: Access to, 384, 391; administrative machinery for, proposed, 300; joint occupation by the three Powers, proposed, 154, 172, 177–178, 187, 188, 231; Soviet-proposed delimitation of three zones for “Greater Berlin”, 237–239, 240–241, 262, 347–348, 354
    • French interest, possibility of, 95–96, 384–385
    • Participation of other Allied nations in occupation zones, question of, 249–250, 319, 378
    • Protocol of Sept. 12 and amending protocol of Nov. 14: British approval, 415; citations to texts, 334, 404; discussions leading to, 235, 237–239, 261–262, 340–341, 342–343, 346–348, 351–352, 354–355, 384–387, 388–389, 391–392, 394–395, 395, 408
    • Provisions in draft documents and working papers, and discussions concerning, 147–153, 154, 172, 173, 177, 179–180, 186–188, 191, 195–196, 203, 207–209, 211, 213, 214, 230–231, 240–241, 268, 318, 326
    • Roosevelt’s interest in, and exchange of messages with Churchill, 166, 173, 179–182, 184, 189, 196n , 208, 208n , 223–224, 232, 263, 264, 326
    • Roosevelt–Churchill approval of allocation of zones, 340–341
    • Transit across Soviet zone, question of, 384, 391
  • Partition. See Dismemberment, supra.
  • Peace and security, maintenance of, 279, 313–314
  • Peace measures, question of German cooperation in, 103, 109, 245
  • Persons detained under German law, review of cases, 108–109
  • Political activities, control of, 222, 226–227, 245, 322–323, 336
  • Ports of Bremen and Bremerhaven, 340, 343, 346–347, 355, 368–369, 384–385, 386, 388, 389
  • Post-War Programs, Committee on, memoranda on the treatment of Germany, 302–328
  • Press, radio, and mail. See Communications, supra.
  • Pre-war debts and claims, 297–299
  • Prisoners of war and foreign nationals held by Germany, 107, 119, 133–134, 169, 174–175, 221, 258–259, 338, 372, 414, 416, 417, 432–433, 433–434
  • Prize Court proceedings, question of suspension of, 106–107
  • Property, disposition of, 108, 119, 133–134, 259, 296–297, 336
  • Quislings, 119–120, 134–135
  • Reparation and restitution, 108, 130–131, 234–235, 236, 239–240, 241, 249, 250–251, 271–273, 274–276, 276, 277, 281, 282–283, 287–299, 301, 306, 330, 334, 346, 357, 365, 372–374, 399, 400, 413, 414, 426; Reparation Commission, 296
  • Roosevelt’s views and exchanges of correspondence with Churchill, 166, 173, 179–182, 184, 188–189, 196n , 208, 208n , 223–224, 232, 263, 264, 265, 326, 340–341, 356, 358–359, 409–410, 414, 423
  • Self-government for Germany, U. S. objectives, 306, 307, 311, 324–325
  • Supreme Allied Authority, 201–203, 211–213, 247–248, 254–255, 260, 299, 337, 376, 383, 395–396
  • Surrender instrument:
    • Definitions of terms used, 121, 138, 171
    • Discussions and working papers looking toward formulation of surrender terms (see also Drafts, infra), 100–112, 159–161, 163, 189–195, 197–201, 210, 233–234, 235–236, 304, 314, 319, 452–453
    • Drafts:
      • Agreed draft of July 25: Acceptance by the representatives of the three Powers, 233, 235; approval by EAC, and report to U. S., British, and Soviet Governments transmitting text, 252–256; British and Soviet positions, 276, 329–330, 338–340, 341, 415, 422–423; China, question of communication of information to, 265–267, 269–271, 273; Roosevelt’s approval, 264, 265; text, 256–261
      • British draft (Jan. 15), 121–139; presentation of draft and summary to EAC, 112–121
      • Soviet draft (Feb. 18), 173–179; observations of U. S. representative on EAC, 172–173
      • U. S. draft (Feb. 5), 168–170; presentation to EAC and modification, 167–168, 171–172, 182–183
    • Duration and enforcement, 103–104, 109
    • French position, 427–429
    • Long form versus short form of surrender document, 115, 171–172, 189, 190, 195, 197, 210, 315–316, 332, 382–383
    • Proclamations and general orders to implement surrender terms. See under Control machinery, supra.
    • Signatories, 101–102, 104, 316
    • Unconditional surrender, 104, 114, 314–315; definition of term, 171
    • War guilt clause, question of, 199, 200, 303
  • Transfer of Germanic populations, 302–303, 310, 338
  • Transportation and power facilities, control of, 106, 118, 129–130, 258
  • United Nations agencies in Germany, proposals concerning, 202, 205, 214–215
  • United Nations forces, stationing of in Germany, 117, 124–125
  • War criminals, treatment of, 103, 107, 119–120, 134–135, 200, 219–220, 247
  • War materials, surrender of, 102, 105–106, 117, 122, 126–127, 178, 258, 305, 336
• Glasser, Harold, 425, 426
• Goebbels, Joseph, 506, 518, 573, 576, 1227, 1353, 1381
• Goering, Hermann, 485, 521, 576, 577, 1353, 1381, 1418
• Goldmann, Nahun, 1057n , 1137
• Goodhart, Arthur, 1129, 1139
• Gore-Booth, Paul H., 698n , 849, 1234–1235, 1245, 1315, 1317–1318, 1323, 1329, 1339, 1405–1406
• Greece (see also European Advisory Commission: Consultation with other Allied Governments; and under Refugees from Europe, etc.): Nazi atrocities in Greece, 1260; reopening of American Embassy at Athens and Consulate in Salonika, 1225
• Green, Gen. Thomas H., 1272
• Grew, Joseph C., 647, 696–697, 698, 840, 841, 859, 867, 871, 877, 885, 921, 1525
• Gromyko, A. A.:
  • Discussions and activities in connection with preliminaries to the establishment of an international security organization, 634, 637, 645, 706, 713–718 passim, 734–743 passim, 747n , 748–760, 761n , 764–767, 769, 777–805 passim, 809, 815–824 passim, 825n , 830n , 834, 838–839, 843–846 passim, 863, 868, 869–870; conferences with Roosevelt, 780–782, 784–787
  • Miscellaneous, 80, 82, 498–499, 594
  • Soviet position on asylum for war criminals, 1417
• Gros, André, 1283, 1284, 1285
• Grove-White, Gen. M. P., 697n , 865n , 885, 901
• Guatemala, 943, 955, 958, 1022n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1033n , 1071, 1072, 1084, 1096, 1115n , 1116n , 1120n , 1157n
• Günther, Christian E., 1414–1415, 1416
• Gusev (Gousev), F. T., 36–37, 41, 42n , 55–56, 61–62, 79–80, 84, 95, 164, 173, 193, 197–199, 235–236, 238–239, 252, 254, 256, 261, 266, 267, 270, 276, 299–301, 338, 339, 342, 370, 384, 391, 403–404, 406, 413–414, 415, 422, 450, 452, 453, 454, 458, 468, 471, 472, 474, 477, 499n , 538, 539, 610, 1484n
• Hackworth, Green H., 648, 649, 698, 713n , 716, 730, 814, 818, 901, 921, 938–939, 1247–1248, 1251, 1325–1326, 1329, 1397–1399, 1400, 1407–1408, 1496–1499
• Haiti, 955, 1000, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1071, 1084, 1115n , 1116n , 1156, 1157n , 1420–1422, 1441
• Halifax, Viscount, 23, 389–391, 419, 485, 502, 503, 584, 591, 610, 631, 637, 641–642, 711, 815, 849, 849n , 867, 868, 871, 873–874, 875, 876, 880, 1061, 1243–1244, 1250, 1258–1259, 1263–1264, 1287–1289, 1314, 1349–1351, 1351–1353, 1401–1402, 1423–1424, 1452–1453
• Hall, George, 12
• Hall-Patch, Leo Edmund, 334, 372
• Hamilton, Maxwell M., 519, 694
• Hanneken, Gen. Hermann von, 1291–1292
• Hare, Raymond A., 699n
• Hayter, W. G., 14–16, 20, 43
• Heathcote-Smith, Clifford Edward, 1062, 1063, 1123, 1124, 1132
• Henlein, Konrad, 1353
• Hepburn, Adm. Arthur J., 648, 698
• Heusinger, Gen. Adolf, 512, 513
• Hewitt, Abran, 489–492, 495–496
• Hickerson, John D., 699n , 1469
• Hilldring, Gen. John H., 195, 198, 207, 208, 354, 355, 407, 408, 431, 1469
• Himmler, Heinrich, 485, 486, 489–490, 491, 492–493, 526, 535, 573, 576, 577, 1164, 1381, 1416, 1425
• Hirschmann, Ira, 1009, 1045–1048, 1061–1062, 1104–1105, 1119
• Hiss, Alger, 648, 699n , 715n , 716n , 734, 738, 750, 756, 791, 804, 818, 841, 842, 851, 867, 871
• Hitler, Adolf, 452n , 486, 489, 490, 491, 492, 506, 507, 511, 512, 522, 524, 526, 527, 530, 532, 534, 536, 539, 547, 552, 558, 571, 575, 576, 586, 999, 1003, 1004, 1006, 1007, 1009, 1015, 1066, 1230, 1231, 1298, 1353, 1369, 1381, 1416, 1425
• Hodgson, Lt. Col. Joseph V., 1344, 1360, 1363, 1364, 1391
• Holmes, Gen. Julius C., 354, 1471n
• Honduras, 943, 958, 1000, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1033n , 1071, 1072, 1083, 1084, 1087, 1096, 1115n , 1116n , 1120n , 1150, 1157n
• Hoo, Victor, 712, 851–862 passim, 866, 867, 871, 885, 886–887
• Hopkins, Harry, 359n , 360, 360n , 745, 780–781, 782, 810–811, 842, 843
• Hoppenot, Henri, 90–91, 1244
• Hornbeck, Stanley K., 648, 698
• Horthy, Adm. Nicholas (Miklos), 591, 1069n , 1106, 1120
• Hull, Cordell:
  • Communication of views and recommendations to President Roosevelt, 301, 344–346, 437–438, 493, 509–510, 527–528, 584–585, 589, 590, 606–607, 614–615, 647–650, 968–969
  • Discussions and activities relative to—
    • Asylum for war criminals, 1431–1432, 1436, 1447, 1450, 1453–1454
    • Austria, 437–438
    • Diplomatic and consular property of enemy governments, 1479–1480, 1496n
    • European Advisory Commission, 9, 14, 90–91
    • France, 90–91
    • Germany, postwar treatment of, 276–277, 301, 344–346, 357–358
    • International Security Organization, preliminaries to the establishment of, 614–615, 620–622, 634, 637–638, 638n –639n , 641–642, 646–650, 711, 713, 714n , 732, 744n , 752, 759, 760, 761n , 768–770, 773–776, 780–781, 804, 809–810, 811, 813–814, 816, 816n , 821, 823–824, 831, 832–833, 850, 863, 882; reactions of other nations, 925–930, 968–969
    • July 20 attack on Hitler, statement regarding, 532
    • Nazi atrocities and persecution of Jewish people, 981, 1101, 1242, 1247, 1248, 1249, 1259n , 1261
    • Statements to weaken German resistance, question of, 527–528, 543
    • Surrender terms for Germany, and reports of peace feelers, 485, 488, 493, 509–510; surrender terms for Axis satellites, 584–585, 589, 590, 606–607
    • War crimes and U. N. War Crimes Commission, 1324–1325, 1351, 1361–1362, 1369, 1389, 1401n
  • Resignation as Secretary of State, 1525
• Hungarian Red Cross, 1119, 1128–1129, 1134, 1165, 1181
• Hungary (see also Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, and Rumania; and under Refugees from Europe, etc.): American interests, 1199–1200, 1211–1212, 1221; Austro-Hungarian border, 441; Nazi atrocities in Hungary, 1341; surrender terms for, preparation of, 39
• Hurley, Gen. Patrick J., 785, 1351n
• Hurst, Sir Cecil J. B., 1265, 1274, 1285, 1286, 1321–1322, 1327–1328, 1341, 1343, 1344, 1345, 1349, 1352, 1354, 1360, 1376, 1379, 1383–1384, 1392
• Inter-American Committee for Political Defense, 1182, 1183
• Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• International Committee of the Red Cross. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• International Labor Organization, 674, 676, 695, 722
• International organization for maintenance of peace and security, preliminaries to establishment of. See Dumbarton Oaks Conversations.
• Ireland (see also under War criminals, representations to neutral governments, etc.: U. S. and British representations), 1120n , 1150, 1173
• Ismay, Gen. Sir Hastings L., 1455n
• Italy (see also German war crimes in Italy and Italian war crimes under United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes; see also under Refugees from Europe, etc.): American interests in, 1200, 1210–1211, 1212, 1215–1217, 1222–1223; armistice, consideration in connection with preparing German surrender terms, 110, 111, 188, 195; frontier with Austria, 448; German atrocities in Italy, 1254, 1256, 1257, 1259–1260; German surrender arrangements, question of Italian participation in, 64–68, 77–78, 83; liberation of Rome, June 4, 1944, 1200
• Jacobus, Colonel, 1519–1520
• Japan: Censorship in U. S.-Japanese war, 1513, 1514, 1516, 1517, 1519, 1522; violation of U. S. diplomatic and consular property in Far East, 1479n , 1500; war crimes, 1230, 1327–1329, 1331
• Jebb, Gladwyn, 53, 697, 716, 734, 738, 750, 756, 757, 791, 792, 798, 802, 803, 818, 846, 849, 851, 852–860, 861, 867, 871, 874, 876, 877, 878, 880, 885–888, 901, 902
• Jewish Agency for Palestine, 1043, 1057, 1082, 1089, 1130, 1143
• Jews, atrocities against (see also Refugees from Europe, etc.), 1199, 1199n , 1221, 1230–1231, 1234, 1235, 1250, 1261, 1292, 1341, 1379–1380, 1404
• John, Otto, 497, 498
• Johnson, Joseph E., 699n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (see also under Germany, etc.): Interest in European Advisory Commission discussions on Austria, 434, 438, 451, 462–465, 469–470, 470–471, 473, 478; jurisdiction over Office of Strategic Services, 1455n ; members, 699n ; memorandum in connection with Dumbarton Oaks discussions on territorial trusteeships, 699–703, 705; repatriation of American citizens from Europe, 1214n ; representation on London Political Warfare Coordinating Committee, 1455n ; State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee, reference of questions by, 1467, 1468, 1470n
• Kallay, Nicholas, 591, 1050
• Kapustin, Alexander N., 669, 706
• Kefauver, Grayson N., 969, 973–974, 977, 978, 980
• Keitel, Field Marshal Wilhelm, 499, 511
• Keller, Hermann, 499, 500, 500n
• Kennan, George F., 19–20, 164, 208, 208n , 208–209
• Kerr, Sir Archibald J. K. Clark, 23, 485, 575–577, 586, 594, 603–604, 635, 826, 1405, 1453, 1457n
• Kersten, Felix, 489–493
• Kessel, Albrecht von, 532–537, 571–572
• Kesselring, Field Marshal Albrecht, 536
• Keynes, John Maynard, 630
• King, Adm. Ernest J., 699n
• Kirk, Alexander C., 548–550, 553, 554, 1054n , 1149, 1200, 1201, 1203n , 1257, 1259–1260, 1378, 1384, 1389, 1408, 1486n
• Kleffens, Eelco van, 58–60, 639, 944–947, 953–954
• Kleist, Peter von, 525–526, 559
• Kloth, Mr., 575, 576
• Koenig, Gen. Joseph Pierre, 1236n , 1240, 1243, 1244, 1245
• Koo, V. K. Wellington, 712, 743n , 840, 841–842, 845, 850–862 passim, 863–869, 871–880, 881, 884, 885–887, 1327, 1338
• Kullmann, G. G., 1000, 1023, 1024, 1029–1030
• Kung, H. H., 273, 718n , 786
• Langenhove, Fernand van, 47, 48
• Lanz, General von, 547–548, 550
• League of Nations, question of liquidation of, and transition to new international organization, 842, 857–858, 883, 885–888, 915–921
• Leahy, Adm. William D., 13n , 167–168, 343, 356, 357, 366, 375, 470, 501, 540, 543–544, 699n , 1214n , 1495–1496
• Lebedev, V. Z., 34, 35, 35n , 58
• Lequerica, José Felix, 1419–1420, 1426, 1432–1433, 1435
• Lescot, Elie, correspondence with President Roosevelt, 1420–1422, 1441
• Liang, Dr., 885, 1284
• Lie, Trygve, 34, 35, 58
• Lipski, Josef, 944–945, 947–948
• Litvinov, M. M., 694, 827
• Liu Chieh, 646n , 696–697, 842, 851, 860, 867, 877, 880, 885
• Lockhard, Sir Robert Bruce, 1455n
• London Coordinating Committee for Political Warfare, successful Anglo-American effort to effect Soviet participation in work of, 1455–1465
• Long, Breckinridge, 502–505, 648, 698, 813–814, 822, 1007, 1476n
• López-Herrarte, Enrique, 927, 943, 944
• Lozovski, S. A., 1465
• Luxembourg. See European Advisory Commission: Consultation with other Allied Governments.
• Luxford, Ansel F., 425
• Maclean, Brig. Fitzroy H. R., 550, 554, 1028
• MacLeish, Archibald, 969, 973
• Macmillan, Harold, 1376, 1377, 1473n , 1508, 1512, 1517
• Macready, Gen. Gordon N., 361–362, 390, 391, 697, 849
• Maffey, Sir John, 1427, 1429, 1430, 1437
• Magruder, Gen. John, 505, 510
• Malkin, Sir William, 697, 849, 901, 904, 905, 906
• Marshall, Gen. George C., 437, 699–700, 833
• Martins, Carlos, 843, 924–925, 932, 955, 956, 958
• Masaryk, Jan, 1253
• Mason, Paul, 1151, 1190
• Massigli, René, 85, 87–88, 88–89, 95, 100n , 392, 413–414, 427–429, 473, 1232, 1239, 1242
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 20–21, 360, 381–382, 407, 421n , 1457n
• McClelland, Roswell, 1067n , 1139–1140, 1169, 1180
• McCloy, John J., 360, 361, 362, 380, 390, 391, 406–407, 410–411, 424, 1395, 1466n , 1468, 1469
• McClure, Gen. Robert A., 560, 560n
• McDermott, Michael J., 699n , 769, 1457n
• McFarland, Gen. A. J., 460, 542
• Menemencioğlu, Numan R., 488, 489, 1041n
• Mexico, 925, 938, 942–943, 955, 958, 1032n , 1086, 1130, 1138, 1150, 1176, 1177
• Meyer, Gen. Vincent, 60n , 62n , 354n
• Middle East Relief and Refugee Administration (MERRA), 994, 1028, 1093
• Mihailovich, Gen. Draža, 549, 1029, 1508n , 1509
• Molotov, V. M., 9, 9n , 14, 24, 35–36, 35n , 79, 80, 266, 467, 493, 580–582, 585, 586, 594, 595, 634, 635, 642n , 644, 783n , 785, 826, 827, 888–889, 1461n , 1463
• Montini, Giovanni Battista, 960–961
• Mora, Marcial, 943n , 956, 957
• Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 378, 380, 550, 988n , 1120n , 1123; proposal regarding postwar treatment of Germany, 344, 353, 425–426
• Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers (1943), documents cited, 110n , 114n , 115n , 160, 279, 614n , 622n , 628–629, 634, 670, 672, 691–692
• Moscow Declaration on Austria (1943), cited, 438–439, 467
• Moscow Declaration on General Security (1943), cited, 467, 584, 585, 588, 593, 594, 596, 597
• Moscow Declaration of German Atrocities (1943), cited, 1233n , 1235, 1242, 1248, 1256, 1279, 1287, 1288, 1353, 1361, 1365, 1369, 1381, 1389, 1397
• Mosely, Philip E., 95, 97n , 241, 331–332, 359–364, 370–371, 388–389, 391–392, 394–395, 406, 429–434, 454
• Murphy, Robert D., 396, 556, 560–561, 607n , 1052n , 1062–1064, 1070n , 1080, 1092–1094, 1194n , 1472, 1476n , 1484–1485, 1489, 1507n , 1507–1508, 1509n , 1512–1513
• Murray, Wallace, 1436–1437
• Mussolini, Benito, 1298, 1353, 1416, 1425, 1474n
• Myrdal, Gunnar, 524–525
• Nazi atrocities, Allied warnings regarding, 1227–1264
  • Allied prisoners of war in Germany:
    • German intention to try as war criminals, Anglo-American discussions regarding, and statements by President Roosevelt and Foreign Minister Eden, 1227–1231, 1233n
    • Joint Anglo-American-Soviet warning against mistreatment of prisoners of war, British suggestion regarding, and draft text, 1258–1259, 1263–1264
  • Czech appeal to United States to issue warning to Germans regarding the mistreatment of prisoners of war, 1253, 1262
  • France:
    • Allied parachutists treated as francs-tireurs by Germans, reports regarding, and Allied protests, 1249, 1250–1251, 1254, 1260–1261, 1263; German refusal to accept U. S. communications, 1178, 1263
    • Political prisoners forced by Germans to remove fuses from delayed action bombs, Allied reaction to, 1244–1246, 1251–1252
    • Request by French Committee of National Liberation for an Allied joint declaration against mass executions in German-occupied countries, and discussions regarding, 1232–1234, 1234–1236, 1237–1238, 1240, 1242–1243, 1247–1248, 1249
    • Retaliatory measures against six German prisoners of war, Anglo-American concern regarding, 1236–1240, 1243–1244, 1248
  • Hungary and Greece, 1242
  • Italian proposal for an Allied and Italian simultaneous warning against German atrocities in Northern Italy, 1254, 1256–1257, 1259–1260
  • Moscow Declaration of German Atrocities (1943), cited in connection with, 1233, 1235, 1242, 1248, 1256
  • Polish appeal for, and issuance of warnings in effort to save Poles, other non-German nationals, and Jews from extermination in Polish concentration camps, 1234, 1247, 1250, 1252–1253, 1254–1255, 1255, 1261–1262
  • Statements by General Eisenhower, 1174; Governor Dewey, 1261–1262; President Roosevelt, 1230–1231
• Netherlands (see also European Advisory Commission: Civil affairs arrangements for liberated areas, and Consultation with other Allied Governments): Censorship agreement with United States, 1510, 1511n , 1520; Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, views regarding, 944–947, 953–954; postwar boundaries with Germany, U. S. position, 302, 308; representation on United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes, 1284, 1299
• Neubacher, Herman, 549, 553, 553n , 557
• Nicaragua, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1033n , 1071, 1072, 1084, 1095, 1115n , 1116n , 1120n , 1150, 1157n
• Noble, Adm. Sir Percy, 697
• Norway (see also European Advisory Commission: Civil affairs arrangements for liberated areas, and Consultation with other Allied Governments): Censorship agreement with United States, 1510, 1511n , 1520; representation on United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes, 1283
• Notter, Harley A., 648, 699n , 885, 901
• Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 567–570, 579, 580–581, 612, 1266, 1455n , 1460
• Office of War Information (OWI), 1003, 1016, 1043, 1065, 1262, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1461, 1463, 1464
• Offie, Carmel, 547–548
• Olbricht, Gen. Friedrich, 512, 513, 530
• Olsen, Iver, 1036, 1039, 1049
• Overlord, 166, 180–181, 188
• Palestine. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• Palestine White Paper of 1939, 984, 1011–1013
• Panama, 955, 1032n
• Papen, Franz von, 492, 535–536, 1418
• Paraguay. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• Paris, Jacques-Camille, 86–87, 97n , 453
• Pasvolsky, Leo, 409–410, 614n , 620n , 621n , 623–634 passim, 647, 698, 713n , 714, 716, 716n , 730–742 passim, 747n , 752, 756–757, 759, 769, 773, 777n , 791, 792–793, 799, 800, 814, [Page 1545] 818, 819, 820, 825n , 831, 834, 846–849, 851–860, 867, 871, 875–880 passim, 883–904 passim, 912, 921–922, 944, 956, 957–958
• Patterson, Robert P., 1469n
• Peace feelers from Germany. See under German surrender, anticipation of.
• Pehle, John W., 1005–1008, 1048, 1137, 1145n
• Pell, Herbert C., 1265, 1274, 1275–1276, 1281, 1282–1286, 1290, 1299, 1319–1320, 1337, 1338, 1341, 1343–1345, 1349, 1353–1354, 1360–1361, 1362, 1363–1364, 1367–1368, 1386–1388, 1391, 1392, 1395, 1397–1399, 1399–1400
• Peru, 1000, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1030, 1032n , 1033n , 1120n
• Pétain, Henri Philippe, 1445
• Philippines, 1392, 1408
• Phillips, William, 26n , 38, 481, 508–509, 1240, 1507n , 1507, 1510–1511, 1519–1520, 1521–1522
• Pilet-Golaz, Marcel, 1137, 1415–1416, 1418, 1448
• Pius XII. See Pope Pius XII.
• Plaza, Galo, 943
• Poehl, Hjalmar, 526, 527
• Poland (see also European Advisory Commission: Consultation with other Allied Governments; and under Refugees from Europe): Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, views regarding, 947–948; postwar boundary with Germany, U. S. position, 302–303, 309–310; war crimes against Polish nationals, 1341, 1394–1395
• Political Warfare Executive (PWE), 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1461, 1464
• Pope Pius XII, 538, 960–964 passim, 1069n , 1123, 1124, 1140, 1149
• Portugal. See under Refugees from Europe; and under War criminals, representations to neutral governments, etc.: U. S. and British representations.
• Preuss, Lawrence, 1274, 1284, 1285, 1290
• Price, Byron, 1511n , 1512, 1513–1514, 1522n
• Prisoners of war. See Nazi atrocities; and under Germany.
• Randall, A. W. G., 994, 1058, 1081
• Rankin, 166, 180–181, 196
• Reber, Samuel, 1482n , 1486, 1492–1493
• Red Cross. See Hungarian Red Cross and Refugees from Europe: International Committee of the Red Cross.
• Refugees from Europe and the Middle East, governmental efforts for relief of, 981–1191
  • Armistice terms for Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania, provision for protection of refugees, 1158, 1161–1162, 1191
  • Baltic States, rescue of political and racial refugees from, 1049, 1160
  • Bulgaria:
    • Armistice terms fixing responsibility for protection of refugees, 1158, 1161–1162
    • U. S. efforts on behalf of Jews in Bulgaria, 1001–1002, 1003, 1004, 1009, 1010, 1017, 1027n , 1034, 1040, 1107, 1133, 1133n ; approaches through Bulgarian Ministers in Sweden and Turkey, 1045, 1047–1048, 1104–1105, 1109–1110
  • Children, attempts to evacuate from—
    • Axis-controlled areas to Sweden, 985–986, 1104; Switzerland, 982, 991
    • Bulgaria via Turkey to Palestine, 1105
    • France via Switzerland, Spain, or Portugal to United States or Latin America, 1020, 1032n , 1032–1033, 1033n , 1067n , 1067–1068, 1068n , 1120
    • Hungary to Canada, 1129; Ireland, 1120n , 1150, 1173; Latin America, 1120n , 1150, 1155, 1156, 1173; Palestine, 1099, 1118, 1129, 1168, 1169; Portugal, 1108, 1130, 1155; Rumania, 1150; Spain, 1032n , 1092, 1108, 1150, 1173, 1186; Spanish Morocco, 1092, 1151n , 1186; Sweden, 1108, 1120n , 1143–1144, 1150, 1173; Switzerland, 1108, 1120n , 1143–1144, 1172; Turkey, 1108; undesignated destination, 1104, 1108, 1128, 1155; United States, 1032n , 1129–1130, 1135, 1138, 1150, 1170–1171, 1172
    • Rumania to Turkey and Palestine, 1004, 1010, 1046
    • Switzerland to Palestine, 984, 1011–1013; to the Soviet Union, 1011
  • Cyrenaica and Tripolitania, question of establishment of refugee camps, 1007–1008, 1018–1019, 1053, 1058–1059, 1070, 1130
  • Czechoslovakia, internment of Jews in (see also Slovakia, infra), 1041, 1147–1148
  • Exchange of nationals between Germany and German-occupied Europe and the American Republics, See under Passports, infra.
  • Finland, rescue of Jews from, 1036–1037, 1037–1039, 1065–1066
  • Fort Ontario, New York, refugee camp, 1059–1060, 1066–1067, 1070, 1152, 1187
  • France, rescue of children and other refugees from, 992, 993, 1020, 1032n , 1032–1033, 1033n , 1037, 1067n , 1067–1068, 1068, 1120, 1150; refugee program following liberation, 1137n
  • French North Africa:
    • Refugee camp Lyautey at Fedhala, 992n , 993, 996, 997, 998, 1008, 1013, 1034–1035, 1035n , 1036n , 1053, 1071, 1079, 1082, 1092, 1130, 1162; U. S. requests for additional refugee camps, and French approval, 1063–1064, 1080–1081, 1093, 1094
    • Transfer of refugees to North Africa from Italy, 1053, 1063, 1082; from Spain, 992–994, 996–999, 1010, 1013–1015, 1079, 1082, 1092
  • Germany:
    • Military deterioration and retreat, fear of massacre of Jews and Allied nationals as prelude to, 1147–1148, 1160–1161, 1174–1175; warning issued by Gen. Eisenhower, 1174–1175
    • Proposal for barter of various goods for release of Jews, and Allied discussions concerning, 537–538, 1050–1051, 1056–1058, 1061–1062, 1074–1075, 1089–1091, 1138; proposals regarding ransom money payments and relief supplies, 1144n , 1144, 1160n
    • Refusal to release Hungarian Jews to emigrate to Palestine, 1139, 1151–1153, 1156–1157, 1159, 1168, 1169–1173; to Portugal, 1155
  • Greece, deportation, evacuation, and repatriation of Jews from Greece, 1035–1036, 1041–1042, 1042n , 1043, 1067n
  • Hungary (see also under Children, etc., supra):
    • Armistice terms fixing responsibility for protection of refugees, 1158, 1161–1162
    • Deportation and extermination of Jews, efforts to prevent (see also Emigration and Evacuation, infra):
      • Red Cross supervision of labor camps, 1119, 1128–1129, 1134, 1165, 1181
      • U. S. appeals to the International Committee of the Red Cross, and replies, 1021, 1021n , 1039–1040, 1040n
      • U. S. efforts, 1001–1002, 1043, 1049–1051, 1068–1069, 1088–1089, 1096–1097, 1102, 1111, 1129, 1133–1135, 1159–1161, 1163–1164, 1165
    • Emigration of certain categories of Jews and temporary suspension of deportations to German camps:
      • German refusal to permit emigration to Palestine, 1139, 1151–1153, 1156–1157, 1159, 1168, 1169–1173; to Portugal, 1155
      • Hungarian proposal, 1099–1100, 1103, 1104, 1108, 1118, 1167, 1182
      • U. S. and British acceptance of proposal and issuance of joint statement, 1112–1115, 1120–1123, 1125–1128, 1142; problems involved in implementation, 1106–1108, 1111–1115, 1121–1123, 1129–1131, 1138–1140, 1149–1150, 1159
    • Evacuation of Jews to or through Bulgaria, 1133; Palestine, 1130, 1143, 1144, 1167–1168; 1099–1100, 1118, 1128, 1129, Portugal, 1155, 1168; Rumania, 1120–1121; Spain, 1032n , 1091–1092, 1108, 1150, 1151, 1168, 1169, 1173, 1186; Sweden, 1044n , 1049n , 1050n , 1099, 1104, 1107, 1118, 1136, 1143–1144, 1167, 1168, 1186; Switzerland, 1168, 1172–1173, 1180; United States, 1103, 1121, 1135, 1138, 1139, 1151–1153, 1171, 1172–1173; Yugoslavia, 1028–1029, 1029n , 1053
    • German note regarding Hungarian Jews, 1165–1169
    • Hungarian statements regarding treatment of Jews, 1116–1119, 1181–1182; U. S. views, 1133–1135
    • Latin American documents, protection of holders of, 1115–1116, 1162n , 1162–1163, 1167
    • Polish Jews, evacuation to Hungary, and later danger of deportation, 1020, 1028, 1043, 1050
    • Release of Jews charged with aiding escapees, 1043–1044
    • Removal of Jews from Budapest, 1163–1164, 1166, 1167, 1168
    • U. S. warnings regarding persecution of Jews in Hungary, 1001–1002, 1027n , 1027–1028, 1033, 1043, 1064–1065, 1088–1089, 1110, 1116n , 1134, 1140, 1159, 1163–1164; Senate Foreign Relations Committee statement, 1064–1065, 1069, 1110
  • Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, 981n , 981, 983–984, 988, 990–991, 994–995, 1000, 1006, 1012, 1020, 1023, 1042, 1058, 1097, 1098, 1103, 1106, 1107, 1111, 1113, 1123–1124, 1129–1131, 1138–1139, 1142–1144, 1149, 1185, 1187, 1190; relationship to War Refugee Board, 1006–1007
  • International Committee of the Red Cross, activities on behalf of refugees, 1000, 1020, 1021, 1021n , 1039–1040, 1040n , 1042, 1046, 1077–1078, 1082, 1099, 1099n , 1103, 1104, 1106, 1108, 1112–1114, 1114–1115, 1118, 1121, 1122, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1138, 1139, 1142–1144, 1147–1148, 1149–1150, 1160, 1165, 1170, 1181, 1189; U. S. requests on behalf of victims of Nazi oppression, and replies, 1021, 1021n , 1039–1040, 1040n
  • Italy:
    • Care and evacuation of refugees arriving in Italy from the Balkans and elsewhere, 1052–1056, 1059–1060, 1062–1064, 1066–1067, 1071, 1078–1079, 1080, 1081–1082, 1092–1094, 1097–1098, 1123–1125, 1132, 1149, 1187; position of Allied military authorities, 1062, 1078–1079, 1092–1094, 1097–1098, 1124, 1125
    • Evacuation of refugees to United States, 1059–1060, 1066–1067, 1187
    • German-controlled Northern Italy, Allied efforts and Papal intervention to prevent deportation of Jews from, 1123–1124, 1132, 1140–1141, 1149
  • Liberated areas, care of refugees in, 1137n , 1148–1149, 1158, 1161–1162, 1190–1191; postwar refugee relief, 1042, 1058, 1185–1186, 1187–1188
  • Licenses granted by United States for purchase and export of relief supplies, 1004–1005, 1019–1021, 1144–1146
  • North Africa. See French North Africa, supra.
  • Palestine:
    • Evacuation to Palestine of Jews from Bulgaria, 1048, 1105; Greece, 1042n ; Hungary, 1099–1100, 1118, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1143, 1144, 1167–1168; Italy, 1055–1056, 1082; Rumania, 1046; Turkey, 1010, 1042n , 1053, 1082, 1107
    • Exchange of nationals with Germany, 1076, 1083
    • Palestine certificates, 984, 1011–1013, 1055–1056, 1076, 1082, 1107, 1111, 1118, 1129, 1139, 1143, 1148, 1149–1150, 1151–1153, 1168, 1169–1173, 1180
  • Paraguay: Passport holders, efforts to protect, and inclusion in exchange of nationals, 981n , 981, 992, 1000, 1001, 1023, 1026n , 1027n , 1029, 1030, 1071, 1083–1084, 1084, 1086, 1095, 1115, 1157–1158, 1174, 1177, 1178, 1179–1180, 1190; visas for refugee children, 1033n , 1120n
  • Passports of doubtful validity, efforts to save lives of holders interned in Axis territory:
    • Exchange of nationals, inclusion in, 1024–1027, 1051–1052, 1054–1055, 1072–1074, 1086, 1095–1096, 1102, 1116, 1131, 1154, 1175–1176, 1177, 1178, 1179–1180, 1188, 1189–1190
    • Protecting powers, suggested efforts by, 1173–1174, 1182–1185; extension of protection to internees in Hungary, 1115–1116, 1162n , 1162–1163, 1167
    • Swiss and German positions, and U. S. responses, 1023–1024, 1025, 1030–1031, 1045, 1051, 1071–1073, 1082–1087, 1100–1102, 1131–1132, 1141, 1154–1155, 1159–1160, 1161, 1167, 1169, 1173–1174, 1178–1179
    • Validation by issuing governments, U. S. efforts to secure, 981, 991–992, 1000–1001, 1021–1022, 1023–1027, 1029–1031, 1051–1052, 1071–1073, 1094–1097, 1100–1102, 1131–1132, 1154, 1156, 1157–1158, 1161, 1174
  • Poland:
    • Deportation of Jews from German-occupied Europe to extermination camps in Poland, 987, 1002, 1020, 1022, 1035, 1050, 1069, 1088, 1091, 1160
    • Evacuation of Polish Jews to Hungary, and later danger of deportation from Hungary, 1020, 1028, 1043, 1050
    • Latin American passports of doubtful validity, efforts on behalf of Polish holders of, 981n , 981, 991–992, 1023–1025, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1100, 1161
  • Portugal, admission of refugees, U. S. assurances regarding provision of supplies, and later evacuation, 1044, 1057, 1059, 1087, 1107, 1111, 1136, 1153, 1162, 1168; other U. S. efforts on behalf of Jews, 1042, 1044n , 1049n
  • Postwar refugee relief, 1042, 1058, 1185–1186, 1187–1188; care of refugees in liberated areas, 1137n , 1148–1149, 1158, 1161–1162, 1190–1191
  • Publicity regarding treatment of Jews by Germany and her satellites, and Allied rescue attempts (see also Warnings, etc., infra), 986, 998, 1015–1016, 1067, 1088–1089, 1113, 1121, 1125–1128, 1139–1140
  • Roosevelt, Franklin D.: Announcement of U. S. refugee policy and establishment of War Refugee Board, 987–989, 988n , 995, 999, 1002, 1006, 1008, 1029, 1062n ; attempts to find havens and establishment of refugee camps, 981n , 1007, 1018, 1053, 1059–1060, 1066–1067, 1070, 1098; warnings to Axis, 1015–1016, 1161
  • Rumania:
    • Armistice terms fixing responsibility for protection of refugees, 1158, 1161–1162
    • Evacuation of Hungarian Jews through Rumania, 1139, 1150
    • Feeding of internees in Rumania, 1120–1121
    • Persecution of Jews, U. S. warnings against, and efforts to aid and evacuate, 1001–1002, 1003, 1004, 1010, 1017, 1027n , 1028, 1033, 1034, 1040, 1043, 1044, 1045–1047, 1082, 1107
  • Slovakia, persecution of Jews, and U. S. efforts to aid, 995–996, 1050, 1107, 1159–1161, 1173n , 1173–1174, 1189; deportation of U. S. and Latin American nationals, 1160, 1176, 1176–1177, 1184–1185, 1185n , 1189
  • Soviet Union, U. S. requests for cooperation in attempts to rescue the persecuted Jews of Europe, and Soviet replies, 1008–1011, 1016–1017, 1033–1034, 1037, 1043, 1065, 1069–1070, 1074, 1089–1091, 1119, 1175; gestures of U. S. cooperation with Soviet Union, 1062n , 1074, 1090–1091
  • Spain:
    • Efforts to rescue Jews from German-occupied Europe, 1015n , 1032n , 1035–1036, 1012, 1091–1092, 1150, 1168, 1169, 1173, 1186; approaches to German Government, 998–999, 1091–1092
    • Evacuation of refugees from Spain and from Axis-held areas through Spain, 992–994, 996–999, 1010, 1013–1015, 1044–1045, 1057, 1137, 1150–1151
    • U. S. requests to Spain on behalf of refugees, 1025n , 1042, 1044n , 1049n , 1059, 1087, 1107, 1108, 1136, 1150
  • Sweden:
    • Postwar refugee relief, 1042, 1058
    • Question of giving refuge and relief to Jewish children and other refugees from the Baltic States, 1049; Denmark, 491, 990, 1036, 1037; Finland, 1036–1037, 1037–1039, 1065–1066; Germany and unspecified areas of Europe, 985–986, 1087–1088, 1104; Hungary, 1041n , 1049n , 1050n , 1099, 1104, 1107, 1118, 1136, 1143–1144, 1167, 1168, 1186; Norway, 985–986, 1104
  • Switzerland:
    • Admission and care of refugees, 982, 983–984, 991, 1011, 1020, 1044–1045, 1059, 1136, 1168, 1172–1173, 1180
    • Evacuation of refugee children from Switzerland to western hemisphere nations, 1011, 1032–1033, 1033n , 1067–1068, 1172–1173
  • Transnistria, evacuation of refugees from, 1004, 1010, 1046
  • Turkey:
    • Turkish nationals in France, protection of, 986–987, 1010–1041; in Greece, 1042
    • U. S. efforts to secure cooperation in rescue of refugees, and responses, 1003, 1004, 1008, 1009, 1010–1011, 1034, 1042n , 1043, 1044n , 1044–1045, 1048, 1049n , 1050, 1053, 1056, 1059, 1082, 1087, 1107, 1111, 1136, 1180–1181
  • United Kingdom. See Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, and Palestine, supra; and U. S.-British cooperation, etc., infra.
  • United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, role in care of refugees, 434, 988n , 988, 994, 1015, 1034–1035, 1042, 1053, 1054, 1058, 1064, 1071, 1079, 1081, 1093, 1094, 1125, 1185
  • U. S.-British cooperation in rescue and relief of refugees, 989–990, 991, 994–995, 999–1000, 1003, 1005–1008, 1011–1013, 1019–1021, 1028–1029, 1033, 1034–1035, 1043, 1044–1045, 1057, 1059, 1067, 1075, 1081–1082, 1087–1088, 1089–1091, 1097–1098, 1107, 1108, 1111, 1113–1114, [Page 1549] 1114–1115, 1120–1123, 1125–1128, 1173; question of establishment of refugee camps in Cyrenaica and Tripolitania, 1007–1008, 1018–1019, 1053, 1058–1059, 1070–1071, 1082
  • U. S. citizens, requests relating to Swiss protection of, 1023, 1077–1078, 1082–1083, 1085, 1101, 1147–1148, 1176, 1176–1177, 1183
  • U. S. visas, instructions regarding, 1106–1107, 1135–1137, 1149–1150, 1153, 1171, 1172
  • Vatican intervention on behalf of refugees, and U. S. requests, 995–996, 1031, 1035, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044n , 1068–1069, 1123–1124, 1132, 1140–1141, 1149, 1173, 1176, 1189
  • Warnings to Germany and her satellites on treatment of Jews and refugees (see also Publicity, etc., supra), 1001–1002, 1003, 1015–1016, 1027–1028, 1033, 1037, 1043–1044, 1064–1065, 1069–1070, 1100–1102, 1110, 1133–1135, 1154, 1159–1160, 1160–1161, 1163, 1163–1164, 1164, 1174–1175, 1178–1179, 1182
  • War Refugee Board: Activities of, 992–1190 passim, 1261; establishment and relationship to Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees, 988, 989–990, 1002, 1006–1007, 1101; termination of, 1185–1186, 1187–1188
  • Yugoslavia: Passage of refugees through Yugoslavia to Italy, and care of Yugoslav refugees, 1028–1029, 1029n , 1052–1053, 1059–1060, 1062–1064, 1071, 1078–1079, 1080, 1081, 1082, 1092–1094; cooperation of Tito in rescue of Balkan Jews, 1053, 1063, 1079, 1081
• Reiff, Henry, 915
• Reparations. See Germany: Reparation and restitution.
• Reventlow, Count Eduard, 1475n
• Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 486, 494, 525, 576, 1418
• Riddleberger, James W., 82, 410, 419–422, 423–424, 425, 515, 518
• Robertson, Norman, 933–936
• Rockefeller, Nelson A., 954, 956, 957, 958–959
• Romer, Tadeusz, 453n , 1234
• Rommel, Field Marshal Erwin, 485–486, 512
• Roosevelt, Franklin D.:
  • Correspondence with—
    • Chiang Kai-shek, 640
    • Churchill, 166, 180–182, 188–189, 223, 224, 232, 513–515, 517–518, 564–566, 836–838, 849–850
    • Lescot, Elie, 1420–1422, 1441
    • Murphy, Robert D., 1059–1060
    • Stalin, 513n , 519, 760, 782–783, 788–789, 806–807
    • Taylor, Myron C., 960
  • Dumbarton Oaks Conversations (see also International Security Organization, infra), 713, 713n , 717n , 730–732, 737, 743–746, 758–759, 761n , 772–776, 780–783, 784–787, 788–789, 814–815, 816, 831–834, 836–838, 839n , 842–843, 849–850, 931, 932
  • European Advisory Commission, 12, 67n , 98, 173, 179, 192, 196n , 208, 208n , 264, 265, 267, 269, 277, 340, 340n , 342, 344, 355, 356, 358–359, 409–410, 411, 413, 414, 424, 437, 478
  • International Security Organization (see also Dumbarton Oaks Conversations, supra), 614, 614n , 620–622, 621n , 622n , 631, 640, 642–643, 652, 700n .
  • Jews of Europe, leadership and direction of U. S. efforts to rescue from Nazi persecution (see also Nazi atrocities, infra):
    • Announcement of U. S. policy and establishment of War Refugee Board, Jan. 22, 1944, 987–988, 988n , 995, 999, 1002, 1006, 1008
    • Attempts to find havens, and establishment of refugee camps, 981n , 1007, 1018, 1053, 1059–1060, 1066–1067, 1070, 1098
  • Miscellaneous, 966, 968n , 1017, 1053, 1395, 1421
  • Nazi atrocities and war crimes, declarations and warnings regarding: Oct. 7, 1942, 1345; July 30, 1943, 1410, 1431; Mar. 24, 1944, 1015–1016, 1033, 1069, 1088, 1089, 1101, 1110, 1161, 1163, 1230–1231, 1233, 1235, 1379–1380; Nov. 7, 1944 (statement by Gen. Eisenhower at Roosevelt’s request), 1174–1175
  • Surrender terms for Germany, 264, 265, 485, 493–494, 501–502, 502–503, 505, 509, 509n , 509–510, 520–522, 527, 528–529, 544–546, 566; for Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania, 581, 582, 584, 585n , 588–589, 589n , 590, 592, 595, 606, 609, 610, 611
• Roosevelt, Mrs. Franklin D., 977
• Rothwell, C. Easton, 699n
• Rumania (see also Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, and Rumania; and under Refugees from Europe): Liberation of Bucharest by Soviet forces, Aug. 31, 1944, 1203; repatriation and relief of American nationals, 1225, 1226; surrender terms for, preparation of, 39, 112, 160
• Rundstedt, Field Marshal Karl Rudolf von, 511, 512
• Saksin, G. F., 1465
• Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, 538, 1413n , 1413–1414, 1419, 1425, 1428, 1435, 1437, 1439
• Sampaio (Sampayo), L. Teifeira de, 1412n , 1412–1413, 1418, 1428, 1430, 1439–1440
• Sanson, Sir George, 849, 859
• Sargent, Sir Orme, 596n , 604, 608, 1455, 1455n , 1458–1460, 1461, 1462
• Sargent, Lt. Comdr. Willis, 159–160
• Scheynius, Ignas, 554–556, 557–559, 563–564
• Selborne, Lord, 985–986, 986
• Seydlitz-Kurzbach, Gen. Walther von, 533, 533n , 534
• Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 1353
• Shang Chen, Gen., 273, 712, 865n , 868
• Sherwood, Robert E., 520, 1455n , 1457n
• Simeon II, Tsar of Bulgaria, 1456n
• Simon, Lord, 1345, 1346, 1401, 1402, 1403–1405
• Simond, Gilbert, 1044n , 1104, 1105
• Smith, Gen. Walter Bedell, 354, 355, 507, 508, 544n
• Smuts, Jan Christian, 517, 836–838, 849
• Sobolev, A. A., 351, 706, 716n , 734, 738, 739, 742, 756, 791, 798, 803, 901, 902, 1465; conversation with Leo Pasvolsky, 846–849
• Soviet Union (see also Dumbarton Oaks Conversations; Emergency measures, etc.; European Advisory Commission; Germany; Nazi atrocities; Refugees from Europe: Soviet Union; Stalin, I. V.; Unconditional surrender principle; and War criminals, etc.):
  • Interest in peace feelers from Germany, 494–495, 498–499, 538–539, 557; in unconditional surrender terms for Germany, 484–485, 493
  • Participation in work of London Coordinating Committee for Political Warfare, 1455–1465
  • Rumors regarding Soviet intentions in connection with anticipated German surrender, 494–495, 535
• Spaak, Paul-Henri, 58, 940–941
• Spain (see also under Refugees from Europe, etc.), position regarding asylum for war criminals, 1416–1417, 1419–1420, 1423, 1432–1433, 1435–1436, 1451
• Spellman, Archbishop Francis J., 963
• Stalin, I. V., 79, 484, 485, 516, 517, 520, 521, 540, 544, 565, 602, 760, 780, 781, 782–783, 786, 828, 833, 937n ; exchange of messages with Roosevelt, 513n , 519, 760, 782–783, 788–789, 806–807
• Stark, Adm. Harold R., 160n , 1455n
• State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee, establishment of, 1466–1470
• Stegmann, Mr., 575, 576, 577
• Sternbuch, Isaac, 1096, 1144
• Stettinius, Edward R., Jr.:
  • Appointment as Secretary of State, 1525
  • Communication of views and recommendations to President Roosevelt, 179–180, 395–398, 409–410, 411–413, 520–522, 571, 713–718, 730–732, 737–738, 743–746, 758–759, 772–776, 781, 812–813, 816–817, 831–836, 838–840, 842–843, 966–967
  • Discussions and activities relative to—
    • Asylum for war criminals, 1446–1447
    • European Advisory Commission, 27–31, 167, 179–180, 264, 267, 395–398, 406–407
    • Governmental assistance to persons forced to emigrate, 1185–1186
    • Intellectual rehabilitation of Europe, 966–967, 977–978
    • International trusteeship, 922–923
    • Invasion of Europe, question of appeal to German people to surrender, 501, 520–522
    • Repatriation of American citizens from Europe, 1213–1214
    • State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee, establishment of, 1466–1467
    • Surrender terms for Germany, 167, 395
    • Treatment of enemy consular and diplomatic property, 1499–1500
    • Zones of occupation in Germany, 179–180, 264
  • International Security Organization, preliminaries to establishment of:
    • Minutes of meetings and miscellaneous references, 636, 636n , 648, 698–699, 705, 706n , 734–883 passim
    • Reactions of other nations to Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, 937–939, 941–944, 949–951
    • Reports to Roosevelt and Hull, and extracts from Diary, 713–718, 728–734, 737–738, 743–750, 753–756, 758–759, 761–782, 783–788, 789–791, 793–797, 804–805, 807–814, 815, 816–817, 821–826, 828–836, [Page 1551] 841–846; Chinese phase of conversations, 850–851, 861–862, 863–867, 869–871, 881–882, 883–884
• Stimson, Henry L., 509, 544, 1392, 1468, 1480–1481
• Strang, Sir William, activities as British representative on European Advisory Commission, 8–9, 18, 19–20, 21–22, 28, 41–42, 42n , 45–46, 52–53, 55–56, 60–62, 95, 112, 139–140, 154, 161–162, 163–164, 164, 197, 199–200, 201–202, 211–212, 217–218, 224–225, 235, 238, 242, 252, 254, 256, 261, 266–267, 270, 329, 338, 341, 342, 359–364, 370, 388–389, 391–392, 406, 414, 415, 416, 452, 453, 454, 455, 458, 468, 469, 472, 474, 478, 1484n , 1490, 1490n
• Strong, Gen. George V., 648, 649, 698, 865n , 901, 937, 939–940
• Studebaker, John W., 969, 973
• Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean Theater (SACMED), 1062, 1078, 1092–1094, 1097, 1125
• Sweden (see also under Refugees from Europe, etc.), position regarding asylum for war criminals, 1414–1415, 1416, 1431–1432
• Switzerland:
  • Protection of American interests in enemy or enemy-occupied territory (see also Emergency measures, etc.; Nazi atrocities; and Refugees from Europe, etc.), 1199–1200, 1200, 1203, 1207, 1207n , 1216n
  • Protection of Belgian interests in Rumania, 1202–1203
  • U. S. representations concerning granting of asylum to war criminals, 1410–1412, 1412, 1415–1416, 1418, 1432, 1448
• Taylor, Myron C., 538, 960–964 passim, 1036n , 1123, 1141, 1185, 1187
• Teheran Conference (1943), 484–485, 517, 581, 1228
• Thompson, C. Mildred, 969n , 973
• Tito, Marshal (Josip Broz), 554, 1028n , 1029, 1053, 1063, 1079, 1092, 1093, 1508n , 1508–1509
• Tittmann, Harold H., Jr., 1036n
• Train, Adm. Harold C., 648, 698, 865n
• Transnistria, 1004, 1010, 1046
• Treaties, conventions, etc.:
  • Atlantic Charter, 604
  • Geneva Prisoners of War Convention of 1929, cited, 191, 1027, 1039, 1072, 1077, 1228, 1229, 1230, 1269
  • Hague Convention of 1907, 1237, 1244, 1245
  • Soviet Union–Czechoslovakia, treaty of friendship, mutual assistance and postwar collaboration, 1943, cited, 1217
  • Treaty of Versailles, cited, 143, 1388
  • Vienna Award of 1940, cited, 597
• Trott zu Solz, Priedrich Adam von, 523–525, 550–552
• Tsarapkin, S. K., 601
• Turbay, Gabriel, 925, 938, 942, 943–944
• Turkey (see also under Refugees from Europe, etc.), 1432, 1436–1437
• Turner, Ralph E., 969, 973–974
• Unconditional surrender principle, question of application to Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, and Rumania, 580–613
  • Abandonment or modification of principle in the case of Axis satellite states, question of:
    • British proposal to Soviet Union and United States, and discussions concerning, 584–585, 586–588, 589–591, 593, 594–595, 603–604, 606–607, 608–609
    • Definition of principle, discussions concerning, 581–582, 582
    • Soviet peace terms for Finland and Rumania, relation to, 581, 584, 585, 587, 590, 594, 603, 606, 608, 609
    • Views of President Roosevelt, 582, 585n , 588–589, 592, 609–610
  • Anglo-American-Soviet declaration to Axis satellites:
    • American draft declaration, and British and Soviet revisions, 591–592, 595–596, 599–600, 605–606
    • Simultaneous release to the press, discussions concerning, and publication on May 12, 600–603, 606n
  • British interests in Southeastern Europe, 596–599, 610–611
  • Casablanca Conference communiqué (1943), cited in connection with, 584
  • European Advisory Commission, consideration of surrender terms, 583–584
  • Intelligence activities in Balkans, U. S.-Soviet collaboration in, 580–581
  • Military operations in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania, U. S. position regarding, 607–608, 612–613
  • Moscow Four Nation Declaration on General Security (1943), cited in connection with, 584, 585, 588, 593, 594, 596, 597
  • Spheres of influence in the Balkans, British position regarding, 596–599, 610–611
• Unconditional surrender terms for Germany (see also German surrender, anticipation of; and Germany, work of European Advisory Commission, etc.: Surrender instrument):
  • Definition and use of tern, question of desirability of, 484–485, 486, 493–494, 501n , 502–505, 506, 507–509, 579; Roosevelt’s position, 493–494, 501–502, 505, 509, 509–510
  • German reactions, and propaganda use of tern, 493, 501n , 505–507, 517, 518, 525, 533, 534, 550, 567–568; resulting pro-Soviet sentiments in Germany, alleged, 525, 527, 558
  • Instructions to Allied military commanders regarding peace terms, 541–543, 549–550; concurrence of Marshal Tito, 554
  • Roosevelt’s position, 493–494, 501–502, 505, 509, 509–510; Churchill’s concurrence, 566
• United Kingdom (see also Dumbarton Oaks Conversations; European Advisory Commission; German surrender, anticipation of; Germany; London Coordinating Committee; Nazi atrocities; Unconditional surrender principle, etc.; and Unconditional surrender terms for Germany): Censorship policies, 1508, 1510n , 1512–1518, 1521, 1522; Palestine White Paper of 1939, 984, 1011–1013; protection of British subjects at Budapest, 1218
• United Nations agencies in Germany, proposals concerning, 202, 205, 214–215
• United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes, 1265–1409
  • Agency to assist Commission in enemy territory, recommendation concerning establishment of, 1330–1331
  • Atrocities committed on racial, political, or religious grounds in enemy territory, Anglo-American discussions regarding, 1321–1322, 1351–1353, 1378–1380, 1401–1405
  • Brazilian membership, question of, 1285, 1316
  • Capture of war criminals, recommendations regarding, 1319–1320, 1328–1329
  • Captured member of SS Deathshead Division, question of treatment of, 1394–1395, 1396–1397, 1397, 1406
  • Definition of war crimes, discussions regarding, 1300, 1311, 1333–1334, 1391, 1393, 1400
  • Determination of earliest date on which a war crime could have been committed, 1286, 1333–1334
  • Extradition of war criminals from neutral countries, 1276, 1286–1287, 1307
  • Far Eastern and Pacific Sub-Commission, establishment at Chungking on Nov. 28, 1327–1328, 1338, 1351, 1399
  • German war crimes in Italy, Anglo-American discussions regarding, 1287–1289, 1291, 1297, 1314–1315, 1324–1325, 1377–1378, 1384, 1385, 1385–1386, 1389, 1393, 1397, 1405–1406, 1407, 1408
  • Italian war crimes, 1376–1377, 1385, 1407–1408
  • List of war crimes (tentative), and discussions regarding, 1269, 1272–1273, 1318n , 1339–1340, 1349–1351, 1369, 1392, 1409
  • Military tribunals. See Trial by military tribunal, infra.
  • Moscow Declaration of German Atrocities, cited, 1279, 1287, 1288, 1353, 1361, 1365, 1369, 1381, 1389, 1397
  • Naturalization of citizens of enemy states, question of refusal, 1321
  • Offenses committed by Axis authorities against Axis nationals, question of authorization of Commission to consider, and publicity in connection with, 1338, 1341–1349, 1354
  • Scope of activities of Commission, 1321–1322, 1338, 1351–1354, 1360–1361, 1367, 1378–1381, 1400
  • Soviet membership, question of, 1265–1266
  • Surrender by Axis Powers of persons wanted for trial as war criminals: Draft article for insertion in the armistice with Germany, 1331–1333; draft convention and explanatory memorandum, 1354–1360, 1363–1364; suggestion regarding cooperation with General Eisenhower’s headquarters, 1336–1337
  • Technical committee of experts, question of establishment of, 1274–1275, 1278–1279, 1281–1282, 1367–1368
  • Trial and punishment of war criminals (see also Trial by military tribunal and United Nations War Crimes Court, infra):
    • International enforcement, discussions regarding, and draft convention, 1282–1285, 1299–1314
    • Jurisdiction of military commanders in the field, Anglo-American discussions regarding, 1276–1277, 1289–1290, 1316–1318, 1323–1324, 1325–1326, 1329–1330, 1339; British draft directive, 1329–1330
    • “Major war criminals”, question of treatment of, 1353–1354, 1361, 1369, 1381; press release issued by Department of State, 1369
    • Measures to ensure capture of war criminals, recommendations, 1319–1320
    • Obligations of theater commanders in relation to war crimes, British views regarding, 1408–1409
    • Problems relating to war crimes, 1395, 1397–1399
    • Soviet attitude, 1364–1365, 1369
  • Trial by military tribunal: Recommendations by Judge Advocate General, War Department, 1266–1273; recommendations in favor of establishment by Supreme Military Commanders of Mixed Military Tribunals, 1365–1366, 1382–1383
  • United Nations War Crimes Court, draft convention for establishment of, and comments regarding, 1370–1376, 1381–1382, 1383, 1384, 1386–1388, 1389–1390, 1390–1391, 1406–1407
  • War crimes against non-Allied nationals outside jurisdiction of War Crimes Commission, Belgian proposals and U. S. position, 1290–1298, 1318–1319
• United Nations Conference, plans for. See under Dumbarton Oaks Conversations.
• United Nations forces, stationing of in Germany, 117, 124–125
• United Nations Organization, proposed:
  • Preparations for establishment of. See Dumbarton Oaks Conversations.
  • Vatican, question of eligibility for membership in, 960–964
• United Nations Organization for Educational and Cultural Reconstruction. See Conference of Allied Ministers of Education.
• United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• Uruguay, 942, 955, 1022n , 1026n , 1027n , 1032n , 1033n , 1096, 1115, 1156, 1157n
• U. S. citizens. See Emergency measures for the welfare of U. S. citizens, etc.
• U. S. Congress: House Foreign Affairs Committee, 1163–1164; Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 1064–1065, 1069, 1110, 1163
• U. S. Consulates, reestablishment in Antwerp, 1207; Naples, 1200n ; Palermo, 1194n , 1200; Rome, 1210n ; Salonika, 1225
• U. S. Department of State: Policy and attitude with regard to censorship, 1507–1523; reorganization of, 1525–1526
• U. S. Embassies, reestablishment in Athens, 1225n ; in Brussels, 1207
• U. S. Mission at Paris, opening of, 1207n
• Vargas, Getulio, 1156
• Vasilev, Gen. A. V., 1465
• Vatican (see also under Refugees from Europe, etc.), question of eligibility for membership in proposed United Nations Organization, 960–964
• Vaucher Committee, formation of, 972
• Vaucher, Paul, 972
• Velloso, Pedro Leão, 932, 952–953
• Venezuela, 1001, 1021n , 1026n , 1027n , 1071, 1072, 1083, 1085, 1087, 1115n , 1116n , 1155–1156, 1157n
• Vinogradov, S. A., 1009
• Visconti-Venosta, Giovanni, 64–65, 66, 83
• Vyshinsky, A. Y., 609–610, 704, 1016–1017, 1037, 1074, 1461
• Walshe, Joseph P., 1430, 1439, 1440, 1444–1445, 1449, 1450
• Wang Chung-hui, 1338, 1399
• War crimes. See Nazi atrocities, etc.; United Nations Commission for the Investigation of War Crimes; and War criminals.
• War criminals, EAC consideration of treatment of, 103, 107, 119–120, 134–135, 200, 219–220, 247
• War criminals, representations to neutral governments against granting of asylum to, 1410–1454
  • Anglo-American-Soviet joint declaration, proposed, 1423–1425, 1447, 1452–1454
  • Definition of war criminals, 1413–1414, 1425–1426, 1435, 1445
  • Haitian President’s message to President Roosevelt suggesting a United Nations declaration, and President Roosevelt’s reply, 1420–1422, 1441
  • Instructions to U. S. representatives in neutral countries to renew representations, and discussions with United Kingdom and Soviet Union regarding (see also U. S. and British representations, infra), 1412, 1412n , 1417, 1423–1424
  • Soviet position, 1417
  • Statement to the press by Secretary of State Hull, 1431–1432
  • Surrender of war criminals to United Nations, question of, 1410, 1422, 1426, 1431
  • Turkish position, 1432, 1436–1437
  • U. S. and British representations to and reactions by—
    • Argentina, 1433–1435
    • Ireland, 1426–1427, 1428–1430, 1437–1439, 1440, 1441, 1445, 1446–1447, 1447–1448, 1448–1451, 1451–1452; British views and discussions regarding, 1430, 1442–1444, 1446, 1448–1449
    • Portugal, 1412–1414, 1418, 1419, 1425–1426, 1428, 1430, 1435, 1437, 1439–1440
    • Spain, 1416–1417, 1419–1420, 1423, 1432–1433, 1435–1436, 1451
    • Sweden, and Swedish declaration, 1414–1415, 1416, 1431–1432
    • Switzerland, 1410–1412, 1415–1416, 1418, 1432, 1448
• War materials. See under Germany.
• War Refugee Board. See under Refugees from Europe, etc.
• War Relocation Authority, 1066, 1187
• Ward, J., 629
• Warren, George L., 1145, 1186, 1187–1188
• Webster, Charles K., 697, 849, 851, 857, 858, 859, 867, 871, 874–876, 878–879, 885–888, 901
• Wei Tao-Ming, 638n , 640, 712
• Weizsäcker, Ernst von, 532, 571
• Weizmann, Chain, 1057n , 1058
• Welch, Air Marshal Sir William, 697, 901
• Welles, Sumner, 533
• Westphal, Gen. Siegfried, 536
• Wickersham, Gen. Cornelius W., 160, 164, 190, 198, 230–231
• Willson, Adm. Russell, 648, 649, 698, 730n , 753–754, 772, 831, 832, 833, 840, 901, 921, 937, 939, 1469
• Wilson, Edwin C., 8, 8n , 648, 698, 699n , 1034n , 1473–1474
• Wilson, Gen. Sir Henry Maitland, 434, 460, 466n , 540, 542, 544, 598n , 612, 1485, 1488, 1489, 1492, 1500n , 1508n , 1508, 1512, 1517
• Winant, John G., activities as U. S. representative on EAC. See European Advisory Commission.
• Wise, Rabbi Stephen S., 987
• World Jewish Congress, 986, 1020, 1253
• Wright, Lord, 1367, 1368, 1391, 1398
• Wright, Michael, 85, 578, 623–624, 625, 632–633
• X matter. See Dumbarton Oaks Conversations: Soviet republics, question of admission to international organization as member states.
• Yalta Conference, 579
• Yugoslavia (see also European Advisory Commission: Consultation with other Allied Governments; and under Refugees from Europe, etc.), 440–441, 554, 1225, 1260, 1398, 1508
• Zeitzler, Col. Gen. Kurt, 512, 513, 530
• Zollinger, Alfred E., 1103
• Zuechner, Franz, 554–556, 557–558, 559n , 559, 563–564