Index

• Advisory Commission of Railway Experts to Russia (see also Railways; Russian Railway Service Corps; Stevens):
  • arrival, 192.
  • authority, 186–187, 190–191, 204, 205; Japanese attitude, 257.
  • European Russia, activities, 198, 203, 204, 206, 209, 215, 251.
  • finances, 223.
  • formation, 183, 184, 187–188, 189, 191, 249, 250.
  • November revolution, suspension of activities, 206, 207–208, 209, 210, 217–219, 220.
  • Provisional Government, relations: approval, 185, 188, 190, 191, 195–196, 197, 204; Ministry of Ways of Communication, 189–190, 200, 202, 203, 207, 246, 249, 250–251, 285; plans, 186–187, 187–188.
  • Soviet régime: aid sought, 225, 226, 227–228; conference planned, 227–228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 238; relations, 218–219, 234; Russian attitude, 231, 234, 235–236; U. S. attitude, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231–232, 234, 235–236.
  • Trans-Siberian Railway, activities, 197, 198, 202, 203, 205, 250–251.
  • U. S. Government, instructions, 196–197, 209.
  • Vladivostok shops, 22, 186–187, 192, 193–194, 195, 202, 217, 249, 267, 269.
• Allied and American Governments (see also under individual countries; Diplomatic Missions; World War):
  • commission, political, in Siberia, plan, 142.
  • noninterference in Russian affairs, 257.
  • representatives and nationals: confiscation of property, 38–39; detention, 58; opening of safety vaults, protest, 31, 36; repudiation of loans, protest, 33, 34, 36, 116.
  • war, state of, with Soviet Russia, discussion, 59.
• Allied bank, discussion, 57–58, 61–62, 69.
• Allied military council, Vladivostok, 241, 247, 257–258.
• Allies Purchasing Commission, 109.
• All-Russian provisional government (see also Kolchak):
  • currency: consent to order sought, 79–80; foreign plans, attitude, 88–89; shipment sought of issue for Russian State Bank, 84–85.
  • intervention, attitude, 281.
  • Kolchak, Supreme Governor, 287, 305.
  • railways, attitude toward foreign aid, 224, 270–271, 274.
• American Red Cross Commission to Russia, 31, 131, 134, 154–155, 271, 294.
  • Manchuria, refugees, 130, 133–134.
  • railways, 218.
  • Soviet régime: contacts, 106, 117; U. S. attitude toward cooperation, 106, 118, 158, 160.
  • supplies, 138, 144, 146–147, 158.
• Americans, unofficial, views, 106, 117.
• Archangel (see also Currency; Northern region; North Russia):
  • Allied forces, 57.
  • Allied and American interests, 112, 113, 156, 187.
  • food supply: Allied and American shipments, 144–145, 146, 155; British shipments, 112, 142, 144–145; conditions, 112, 138, 146, 158; expenses, allotment of, 138, 143, 157.
  • munitions, 110–111, 113; shipment by Soviet to interior, 111–112, 228.
• Bakhmeteff, Boris, 9.
• Bakhmeteff mission. See Russian Extraordinary Embassy.
• Bank, Allied, discussion, 57–58, 61–64, 69.
• Bank notes, Russian, shipment to Vladivostok, 74–75, 84–85, 98, 100, 101; Russian attitude, 89, 91, 97–98, 100; U. S. attitude, 85, 91–92, 96–97, 100–101.
• Banks, 58, 59, 78, 168.
  • closure, 31, 39, 216.
  • deposits assured, 48.
  • nationalization, 133.
  • safety vaults, interference by Soviet regime, 30–31; Consular Corps, protest, 31, 36.
• Bolsheviks (see also Red Army; Revolution, November; Soviet régime):
  • Germans, relations, 38, 48, 59, 158.
  • popular attitude, 219.
  • prisoners of war, relations, 235, 237.
  • Provisional ‘Government, relations, 14, 19, 24.
  • repudiation of loans, attitude, 35.
• Bonds. See Interest; Interest-bearing papers.
• Bukowski, Lieut. Peter I., 161.
• Cadet Party. See Constitutional Democratic Party.
• Central Executive Committee, All-Russian, attitude toward repudiation of loans, 31–32.
• Central powers, exception from annulment of loans; 38.
• Central Union of Consumers’ Societies, All-Russian, 132–133, 166, 167, 168.
• Charter of merchant ships to U. S. Shipping Board, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312.
• Chicherin, George V., protest against seizure of merchant shipping, 313–314.
• China (see also Chinese Eastern Railway; Diplomatic Missions; Manchuria):
  • embargo on exports to Russia, 123, 172, 173, 175, 281; Allied attitude, 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182; British attitude, 174, 176; Chinese statements, 173, 176, 177, 181; French attitude, 176, 181; raising of, 175, 177, 180, 181; Russian attitude, 127, 173, 174, 175, 176; Sungari River, restrictions, 182; U. S. attitude, 129, 172, 173–174, 175, 176–177, 178–179, 180, 181–182.
  • Japan, relations, 244, 256.
  • railways, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 243–244, 248, 256, 259, 266.
• Chinese Eastern Railway (see also Railways; Trans-Siberian Railway):
  • Czecho-Slovaks, activities, 256.
  • defects: congestion at Vladivostok and other points, 20, 186, 187, 190, 202, 217, 250, 299, 301; military forces, inability to aid, 300; rolling stock, deterioration, 283.
  • elimination from plans, discussion, 286, 291.
  • embargo, 281.
  • French investors, 244, 253, 268.
  • gauge, Japanese suggestion, 239–240.
  • Harbin shop, 220, 269.
  • Horvat, Gen. Dmitri L., 240, 256; Czecho-Slovaks, relations, 256; Japan, relations, 247, 248, 253, 257, 279, 283–284; Stevens, relations, 268, 270, 274, 276, 277, 305.
  • Japan: control, reports, 248, 276, 283–284, 287, 298; forces, 239, 277, 278–280, 281, 286–288; gauge, suggestion, 239–240; loan, 243, 246–247.
  • martial law, 256.
  • military protection, 258, 270; Chinese, 221; Japanese plan, 262, 263; U. S. attitude, 263, 272, 276, 277, 278.
  • noninterference with existing rights: Russian attitude, 259–261, 264–266, 268, 269; U. S. statements, 253, 256, 260, 278, 285, 300.
  • organization, 244, 260, 265.
  • U. S. railway agencies, activities, 218–219, 220–221, 221–222, 223, 224, 226, 229, 231, 232, 234, 251.
• Clothing, shipments, 153, 154.
• Commissars, Soviet of People’s, attitude toward repudiation of loans, 31.
• Communication, Ministry of Ways of, relations with U. S. railway agencies, 189–190, 191, 200, 202, 203, 207, 246, 249, 250–251, 285.
• Confiscation (see also Nationalization), 38–39.
  • Diplomatic Missions, protest, 33, 36.
• Congress of Soviets of Workmen’s and Soldiers’ Deputies, All-Russian, 16.
• Constitutional Democratic Party, 19.
  • resignation of ministers, 14.
• Contributions levied, 39.
• Conversion (emission) office:
  • British plan for currency, 67–68, 72, 81, 96.
  • establishment by government of northern region, 90–91.
  • government loan, 95.
• Cooperative Societies, 32, 94, 128.
  • appeal to United States for food, 130–132.
  • Central Union of Consumers’ Societies, All-Russian, 132–133, 166, 167, 168.
  • trade with United States, 113, 118, 122, 153, 156, 163.
• Cossacks, 235, 282.
• Cotton, 114–115, 127.
• Council of National Defense, U. S., 183.
• Currency:
  • Allied and American forces, payment, 49, 69, 72, 79.
  • Allied bank: British plan, 57–58; French plan, 69; Russian plan, 61–64.
  • all-Russian issue, U. S. plan, 73–74, 78, 87; British attitude, 76.
  • Bolshevik, issue, 68, 72, 81.
  • emission (conversion) office, British plan, 67–68, 72, 81, 96; establishment by government of northern region, 90–91; government loan, 95.
  • French issue in Siberia, discussion, 83, 84, 86–87.
  • Inter-Allied Council on War Purchases and Finance, views, 82–84.
  • Japanese yen, 65, 83.
  • northern region: British plan, 66, 67–68, 69–70, 75–76; conversion (emission) office, 67–68, 72, 81, 90–91, 95, 96; discussion, 68, 70–71, 80–82, 86–87, 90; issue, 88, 89, 90–91, 92–93; operation, 71, 72, 79, 92–93, 94–95, 98–100; shortage, 58, 72, 92; text of note, 89; U. S. attitude, 72–74, 77, 82.
  • Provisional Government issue, 81; order placed in the United States, 84, 96.
  • Russian bank notes: consent to order sought, 79–80; Russian attitude toward shipment, 89, 91, 97–98, 100; shipment to Vladivostok, 74–75, 84–86, 98, 100, 101; U. S. attitude, 85, 91–92, 96–97, 100–101.
  • Russian Embassy, Washington, plan, 59–64.
  • Siberia: British attitude, 68, 70, 71, 75–76, 86, 96; discussion, 65, 82–84; Russian attitude, 88–89, 93–94; shortage, 64, 65, 79, 87–88; trade notes, 93–94, 99–100; U. S. plans, 64, 87–88, 93–94, 95, 100; Vladivostok, plan of representatives at, 78–79, 87–88.
  • trade notes, 93–94, 99–100.
• Czecho-Slovak forces:
  • Chinese Eastern Railway, activities, 256.
  • France, relations, 83.
  • Russian Railway Service Corps, relations, 237, 238.
  • Siberian anabasis, 132, 181, 236, 238.
  • Trans-Siberian Railway: control, 181, 182, 277; Japanese aid, plan, 139; operation by Stevens, attitude, 262, 263, 270; U. S. control, attitude, 245.
  • United States: financial aid and supplies, 153, 292, 300; military aid, 294.
  • Vladivostok, capture from Soviet, 181, 237.
• Darcy, Pierre, 114, 166, 167.
• Darling, W. L., 191, 197, 198.
• Decrees, Soviet (see also Banks):
  • dividends, cessation of payment, 42n.
  • interest-bearing papers, registration, 42–43.
  • loans and notes, annulment, 38–39.
  • loans, state, repudiation, 29, 31–33.
• Denmark:
  • Russian notice of safety of deposits in Russia, 48.
• Diplomatic Missions (see also Allied and American Governments):
  • nationalization of land, attitude, 35.
  • repudiation of loans, protest, 33, 36; Bolshevik response, 35; U. S. attitude, 36, 114, 115.
  • safety vaults, attitude toward opening, 31, 36.
• Dividends, Soviet decree, 42n.
• Dora, 109–111.
• Dye, Alexander V., 164.
• Eliot, Sir Charles, 139, 288.
• Embargo (see also Exports to Russia):
  • China to Russia, 123, 172, 173, 175, 281; Allied attitude, 174, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 182; British attitude, 174, 176; Chinese statements, 173, 176, 177, 181; French attitude, 176, 181; raising of, 175, 177, 180, 181; Russian attitude, 127, 173, 174, 175, 176; Sungari River, restrictions, 182; U. S. attitude, 129, 172, 173–174, 175, 176–177, 178–179, 180, 181–182.
  • Great Britain to Russia, discussion, 104, 105.
  • United States to Russia, discussion, 104, 105, 108, 111.
• Emerson, Col. George H., 201, 202, 208, 209, 210, 248 279, 280.
  • Chinese Eastern Railway, activities, 222, 223, 280.
  • good offices between Czech and Soviet forces, 238n.
  • Japan, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217, 220, 221.
  • Soviet régime, proposed conference, 227, 230, 231, 233, 234, 235, 238; Russian criticism, 231, 235; U. S. views, 231–232, 235–236.
• Emission (conversion) office, government of the northern region, 67–68, 72, 81, 96.
  • establishment, 90–91.
  • government loan, 95.
• Endicott, Lieut. Col. William, 146, 158.
• Export licenses, U. S. (see also Transit licenses), 104, 122, 149, 151, 164, 182.
• Exports of Russia, efforts to increase, 21–22, 119.
• Exports to Russia, restriction of (see also Embargo; War Trade Board):
  • British attitude, 104, 105, 110.
  • transit shipments, 105–106.
  • U. S. attitude, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 116, 122, 174.
• Federal government of Russia, plans, 35.
• Financial adviser, government of the northern region, 90, 91.
• Finland:
  • food imports: from Siberia, 231–232; via Sweden, 105–106.
  • independence, struggle for, 17.
  • Russian garrisons, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 26.
• Fishing industry, release sought of chartered steamers, 310–311, 311–312, 313–314, 315, 316.
• Flax, 117, 119, 121, 132, 138, 140–141, 146, 156, 159, 168.
• Food supply:
  • Allied and American shipments, 104–105, 144–145, 146, 155.
  • Archangel and Murmansk districts, expenses of rationing, 138, 143, 157.
  • British shipments, 112, 142, 144–145.
  • distribution, defects, 200, 204, 250.
  • Finland: imports from Siberia, 231–232; via Sweden, 105–106.
  • hoarding, 133.
  • Masaryk, plan, 120–121.
  • Russian shipments, 154, 159–160, 171–172.
  • shortage, 133, 250; Caucasus, 204; north Russia, 112, 126, 128–129, 130–132, 138, 143–144, 146, 158; Petrograd, 154–155, 158.
  • Siberian grain, importance, 130–131, 132.
  • U. S. shipments, plans, 112, 128–129, 132, 138.
• France (see also Allied and American Governments; Diplomatic Missions; Loans; Military Missions; Supplies; Tovaro-Obmien; World War):
  • Chinese Eastern Railway, French investors, 244, 253, 268.
  • commissioner in Siberia, 79, 242, 259.
  • currency, plan, 83, 84, 86–87.
  • Czecho-Slovak Army, financial aid, 83.
  • expenditures in European Russia, 143, 157.
  • Japanese forces in Siberia, attitude toward excess numbers, 287–288.
  • Military Mission, aid to Red Army, 225.
  • railways, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 259, 262, 267–268, 288.
  • warships asked to leave Arctic ports, 128.
• Gaida, Gen. G. R., 256.
• Germany (see also Central powers; Prisoners; World War):
  • Bolsheviks, relations, 38, 48, 59, 158.
  • commission in Russia, 35n.
  • Siberia, reports of activities, 220.
  • supplies obtainable in Russia, 35, 107–108, 117, 127, 132, 155–156.
  • trade with Russia, 35.
  • warships, Allied and American, attitude toward stay in Russian ports, 128.
• Good offices of U. S. representative between Czech and Soviet forces, 238n.
• Goods Exchange. See Tovaro-Obmien.
• Graves, Maj. Gen. William S., 95, 258, 278, 281.
• Great Britain (see also Allied and American Governments; Currency; Diplomatic Missions; Loans; Military Missions; Supplies; Tovaro-Obmien; World War):
  • Archangel: food shipments, 112, 142, 144–145, 146, 155, 157, 158; forces, 57; interests, 112, 113, 156, 187; munitions, attitude, 110–111, 111–112, 228.
  • commission, economic, in Siberia, attitude toward U. S. plan, 134–136.
  • commissioners in Siberia, 79, 141, 242, 259.
  • Cossacks, relations, 282.
  • embargo on shipments to Russia, discussion, 104, 105.
  • expenditures in European Russia, 138, 143, 157.
  • interest on Russian obligations, payment of, 44–46.
  • merchant shipping, requisition, 310, 312–313, 315; Soviet protest, 314; U. S. attitude, 312, 313.
  • railways: attitude toward operation by Stevens, 262, 263–264, 268, 272, 273, 282–283, 288, 298, 299; experts, commission of, 288, 298, 299.
  • repudiation of loans, attitude, 33, 35, 45–46.
  • Siberian government, attitude, 288.
  • supplies purchased by Russia, sale to meet obligations, 37.
  • supplies, restricting to the enemy, plan, 109–111.
  • trade between Russia and neutrals, plan to control, 137; U. S. attitude, 145–146.
  • trade in Siberia, plan, 134–136, 141–142.
  • Volunteer Fleet, relations, 310.
  • warships asked to leave Russian ports, 128.
• Heid, August, 150, 158.
• Horvat, Gen. Dmitri L., 240, 256.
  • Czecho-Slovaks, relations, 256.
  • Japan, relations, 247, 248, 253, 257, 279, 283–284.
  • railway control by Stevens, views, 268, 270, 274, 276, 277, 305.
• Hostages, 58.
• Import licenses, 153, 159.
• Impounding of Russian assets, 36–38.
• Industrial interests, U. S., confiscation, 39.
• Inter-Allied bank. See Allied bank.
• Inter-Allied Conference at Paris, 27–28.
• Inter-Allied Council on War Purchases and Finance:
  • currency, discussion, 82–84.
  • repudiation of loans, resolution, 34–35.
• Inter-Allied Priority Board, 102.
• Interest on loans privately owned, Russian payments, January 1918 to January 1919, 30, 37, 38, 39–41, 44, 53, 54, 55, 56; U.S. attitude, 38, 56.
• Interest on Russian obligations, British Treasury payments, 44–45.
• Interest on U. S. loans, postponement sought, 49–51; Russian attitude, 49–51, 54–55; U. S. attitude, 51, 52, 53–54, 55–56.
• Interest-bearing papers, Soviet decree, 30, 33, 42–43.
• Interpreters, activities, 211, 212, 217.
• Intervention:
  • discussion, 143, 221, 228; Masaryk, alternative plan, 120–121; May-dell, alternative plan, 124, 126.
  • Russian attitude: All-Russian provisional government, 281; Cooperatives, 131; Soviet request for aid awaited, 228.
• Italy (see also Diplomatic Missions):
  • railways, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 261–262, 287.
  • representative in Siberia, 139.
• Jack, Col. Archibald, 288, 298, 299.
• Janin, Gen. Maurice, 153.
• Japan (see also Allied and American Governments; Diplomatic Missions):
  • China, relations, 244, 256.
  • commission, economic, in Siberia, plan, 138.
  • commissioner in Siberia, attitude, 242.
  • Czecho-Slovaks, plan to aid, 139.
  • General Staff, initiative, 245, 247, 258, 290
  • Horvat, relations, 247, 248, 253, 257, 279, 283–284.
  • Manchuria, forces in, 239, 277, 278–280, 281, 287; U. S. attitude, 240.
  • monopoly, military and commercial, 278–280, 281, 284.
  • noninterference in Russian affairs, attitude, 257.
  • railways: Chinese Eastern, activities, 242, 248, 276, 278–280, 283–284, 287, 298; control, discussion, 239, 242, 245, 283–284, 298; forces, 239, 277, 278–280, 281, 286, 287; gauge, suggestion, 239–240; loan, 243, 246–247; operation by Stevens, attitude, 220, 222, 241–242, 247, 253, 257–258, 262, 263, 274, 277, 280; plans, alternative, 283–284, 286, 287, 291; U. S. attitude toward control, 242–243.
  • representative in Siberia, 79, 139, 242.
  • rice riots, 139.
  • Semenov, relations, 235, 287.
  • Siberia: forces, numbers in excess, 239, 278–279; French attitude toward excess numbers, 287–288; initiative by General Staff, 245, 247, 258, 290; joint action with United States, 58; withdrawal of forces, partial, 302.
  • United States, criticism of active ties in Siberia, 293–294.
• Kamchatka:
  • cession, rumor, 25, 26.
  • fishing industry, protests in behalf of, 310–311, 313–314; Russian Embassy, Washington, attitude, 311–312; U. S. attitude, 315, 316.
• Kerensky, Alexander F., 16, 19, 24, 27–28, 81, 205.
• Kiev, conflicts to gain, 35.
• Kinoshita, Yoshio, 139, 241, 280, 283, 284.
• Kishinev, charter of, 308, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315.
• Klotz, Louis Lucien, 34.
• Knox, Maj. Gen. Alfred W. F., 288, 305.
• Kolchak, Admiral Alexander V., régime of (see also All-Russian provisional government):
  • currency: bank notes, shipment from United States sought, 91–92; foreign, attitude, 93–94.
  • railways, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 288, 298, 300.
  • state loans, attitude, 52–53, 55.
  • Supreme Governor, 287, 305.
• Labor (see also Railway employees):
  • control of railways, 220, 223, 224.
  • Murman, claims, 92, 95.
  • strikes, 231–232, 256.
• Land, attitude of Diplomatic Missions toward nationalization, 35.
• Loan to government of northern region, 95.
• Loan, U. S., to Czecho-Slovak Government, 153.
• Loans, state, foreign (see also Interest):
  • applications by Provisional Government, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 23, 24, 26, 27; British attitude, 20–21.
  • France to Russia, 4.
  • Great Britain to Russia, 3–4, 6, 22; for purchases in United States, 4, 13, 18, 19, 20, 37; plan to transfer to United States, 5, 17, 19, 21, 27; status in 1918, 37, 39.
  • privately owned, 25, 37; extension sought, 44, 46, 47–48.
  • repudiation by Soviet regime: decree, draft, 29; decree, text, 31–33; Diplomatic Missions, protest, 33, 35, 36; France, attitude, 33, 34, 35, 45–46; Great Britain, attitude, 33, 35, 45–46; Inter-Allied Council on War Purchases and Finance, resolution, 34–35; munitions, relation to, 112, 228; Russian factions, attitude, 31–32, 35, 52–53, 55; U. S. attitude, 33, 34, 35, 36, 114, 115, 116.
  • United States to Provisional Government: one hundred million (May 16), 9–10, 17, 19, 21; seventy-five million (July 17), 11, 12–13, 14, 15, 16, 17–18, 21, 24; one hundred million (Aug. 23), 22; fifty million (Oct. 12), 26; acts of Congress, provisions, 10, 25; cash advances, 13, 14, 16, 17–18, 21, 23–24, 25, 26, 55; compensation, rumor, 25, 26; credit proffered, 1, 2, 3; security, views, 2–3, 5, 27; stipulations, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7–8, 9–10, 13, 15, 17.
• Loans, state, interior, 2, 6, 32, 37.
• Loans and notes, annulment, Soviet decree, 38–39.
• Loans, U. S., to Allied Governments, 6, 25.
• Lvov, Prince George E., 2, 4, 6, 11, 14, 270.
• Manchuria (see also Chinese Eastern Railway):
  • Japanese forces in, 239, 277, 278–280, 281, 287; U. S. attitude, 240.
  • Russian refugees, relief, 130, 133–134.
• Marshall, Arthur G., 114.
• Martial law, 256.
• Martin, Lieut. Hugh S., 156.
• Masaryk, Thomas G., 120–121, 263.
• Matsudaira, Tsuneo, 139, 242, 247, 268, 276.
  • railway control by Stevens, views, 277.
• Maydell, Baron Gerard Ch., plans for trade, 124–126.
• Merchant shipping:
  • charter by Russian Embassy to U. S. Shipping Board, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312.
  • fishing and commerce, release sought for: British attitude, 315; fishermen, views, 314; Russian Embassy, Washington, attitude, 311–312; Soviet Foreign Commissar, 313–314; U. S. attitude, 315, 316; Volunteer Fleet, 310–311, 313, 314.
  • requisition by Great Britain, 310, 312–313; Soviet protest, 314; U. S. attitude, 312, 313.
• Michelsen commission, 102.
• Military Missions, British, French, and American, restricting of supplies to the enemy:
  • funds, 107, 108–109, 112, 121, 122.
  • Petrograd, evacuation, 123, 124, 161–162.
  • purchases, 108, 115.
  • Tovaro-Obmien, relations, 114, 117, 121.
• Miller, Henry, 191, 197, 202, 203.
• Milner commission, 4.
• Mirbach, Wilhelm, Count von, 35.
• Monarchy, restoration discussed, 305.
• Moscow Conference, 19.
• Moscow Narodny Bank, 168.
• Moscow Supply Committee, 113, 118, 121, 127, 129.
• Munitions (see also Supplies):
  • Archangel, shipment by Soviet to interior, 111–112; repudiation of loans, relation, 112, 228.
  • manufacture, 162.
  • Petrograd, evacuation, 123, 124, 161–162.
  • purchases, 4, 18, 22, 27, 37, 102n.
  • stores, 110–111, 113.
• Murman (see also Currency; North Russia; Northern region):
  • Allied and American interests, 156.
  • food supply, allotment of expenses, 138, 143, 157.
  • labor, claims, 92, 95.
  • shipments, distribution, 154,159–160, 171–172.
• Nassovia, 109–111.
• National City Bank, New York, transactions in Russia, 37, 44, 46, 56, 164.
• National debt, 2, 4–5.
• Nationalization (see also Confiscation):
  • banks and business, 132–133.
  • land, 35.
• Navy:
  • Baltic Fleet: insubordination, 16, 26; payment, credits for, 11, 12.
• Nijni Novgorod, charter of, 308, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315.
• Nippon, 111.
• North Russia (see also Northern region, government of the):
  • food supply: Allied and American shipments, 144–145, 146, 155; British shipments, 112, 142, 144–145; expenses, allotment of, 138, [Page 325] 143, 157; Russian shipments, 154, 159–160, 171–172; shortage, 112, 126, 128–129, 130–132, 138, 143–144, 146, 158.
• Northern region, government of the (see also North Russia):
  • currency: British plan, 66, 67–68, 69–70, 75–76; conversion (emission) office, 67, 68, 72, 81, 90–91, 95, 96; discussion, 68, 70–71, 80–82, 86–87, 90; issue, 88, 89, 90–91, 92–93; operation, 71, 72, 79, 92–93, 94–95, 98–100; shortage, 58, 72, 92; text of note, 89; U. S. attitude, 72–74, 77, 82.
  • financial adviser, 90, 91.
  • financial aid, discussion, 57, 58–59, 70–71.
  • loan from emission office, 95.
  • policies, 57.
• Notes, annulment by Soviet decree, 38–39.
• Office of conversion (emission):
  • British plan for currency, 67–68, 72, 81, 96.
  • establishment by government of northern region, 90–91.
  • government loan, 95.
• Oil, 132, 168.
• Oils and fats, 108, 133, 167.
• Omsk government. See All-Russian provisional government; Kolchak.
• Otani, Gen. Kikuzo, 242, 258, 277, 283.
• Owen, William H., 88, 162, 165.
• Peace, separate, discussion, 4.
• Petrograd, evacuation of munitions, 123, 124, 161–162.
• Petrograd Soviet, relations with Provisional Government, 14, 19.
• Prisoners of war in Siberia, 178.
  • Bolsheviks, relations, 235, 237.
  • Manchurian border activities, 130.
  • railways, threat to, 219, 223, 229.
• Provisional Government (see also Loans; World War):
  • Advisory Commission of Railway Experts, relations: approval, 185, 188, 190, 191, 195–196, 197, 204; Ministry of Ways of Communication, 189–190, 200, 202, 203, 207, 246, 249, 250–251, 285; plans, 186–187, 187–188.
  • Bolsheviks, relations, 14, 19, 24.
  • Congress of Soviets, relations, 16.
  • currency: issue, 81; order placed in United States, 84, 96.
  • Finland, efforts to pay Russian garrisons in, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 26.
  • Inter-Allied Conference at Paris, 27–28.
  • Kerensky ministries, 16, 19, 24, 27–28, 205.
  • Lvov ministries, 2, 4, 6–7, 11; resignation of Cadet ministers, 14.
  • merchant shipping, charter by Russian Embassy, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312.
  • officials in Siberia, 218, 220, 226.
  • Petrograd Soviet, relations, 14, 19.
  • Russian Railway Service Corps, relations, 194–195, 199, 213, 233, 249, 251, 285.
• Provisional government of the northern region. See Northern region.
• Railway employees:
  • control of railways, 220, 223, 224.
  • Murman shipments, 145, 154, 159–160, 171–172.
  • political attitude, 216, 219, 224.
  • shoes, shipments, 102–103, 105, 108, 112–113, 145, 154.
  • strikes, 231–232, 256.
  • U. S. railway agencies, relations, 219, 220, 223, 224, 226, 280.
• Railways (see also Advisory Commission of Railway Experts; Chinese Eastern Railway; Communication, Ministry of Ways of; Russian Railway Service Corps; Trans-Siberian Railway):
  • Advisory Commission, activities: European Russia, 203, 204, 206, 209, 215, 251; Trans-Siberian Railway, 197, 198, 202, 203, 205, 250–251.
  • Allied control, plans, 104–105.
  • China, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 243–244, 248, 256, 259, 266.
  • Czecho-Slovaks: Chinese Eastern Railway, activities, 256; Japanese aid, plan, 139; operation by Stevens, attitude, 262, 263, 270; Trans-Siberian Railway, control, 181, 182, 277; U. S. control, attitude, 245.
  • defects, 184, 226–227, 305–306; congestion at Vladivostok and other points, 20, 185, 186, 187, 190, 202, 216, 217, 250, 283, 287, 299, 300, 301; food distribution, collapse, 200, 204, 250; military forces, inability to aid, 200, 228, 269, 292, 300; rolling stock, deterioration, 233, 283.
  • employees, control by, 220, 223, 224.
  • France: attitude toward operation by Stevens, 259, 262, 267–268, 288; French investors, 244, 253, 268.
  • gauge, Japanese suggestion, 239–240.
  • Great Britain: attitude toward operation by Stevens, 262, 263–264, 268, 272, 273, 282–283, 288, 298, 299; railway mission, 288, 298, 299.
  • Harbin shop, 220, 269.
  • Italy, attitude toward operation by Stevens, 261–262, 287, 298.
  • Japan: control, discussion, 239, 242, 245, 248, 276, 283–284, 287, 298; forces, 239, 277, 278–280, 281, 286, 287; gauge, suggestion, 239–240; loan, 243, 246–247; operation by Stevens, attitude, 220, 222, 241–242, 247, 253, 257–258, 262, 263, 274, 277, 280; plans, alternative, 283–284, 286, 287, 288–290, 301–303; U. S. attitude toward control, 242–243.
  • military protection, 258, 270, 275, 286, 289, 290, 301, 302, 303; Japanese plan, 262, 263; U. S. attitude, 263, 272, 276, 277, 278.
  • noninterference with existing rights, U. S. statements, 237, 251–252, 253, 256, 260, 276, 277–278, 285, 294, 300.
  • prisoners of war, activities, 219, 223, 229.
  • rolling stock, U. S., 4, 20, 153–154, 193; credits, 10, 17, 22; embargo, exemption from, 107; in Japanese waters, 116; orders, 5, 6, 7, 119, 186, 194, 195, 198, 206; shipments made, 108, 116, 199, 202; shipments urged, 185, 191, 192, 249.
  • Russian Railway Service Corps, activities, 218–219, 220–221, 221–222, 223, 224, 226, 229, 232, 237, 238–239, 251.
  • Soviet régime, relations with U. S. agencies, 218–219, 234; aid sought, 225, 226, 227–228; conference planned, 227–228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 238; Russian attitude, 231, 234, 235–236; U. S. attitude, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231–232, 234, 235–236.
  • Stevens in charge for Russia, U. S. plan, 239–241, 246, 249–252, 253–255, 267, 268, 269, 273, 277–278, 284, 285; military forces, relations, 258, 262, 263, 270, 272, 276, 277, 278; Russian factions, attitude, 262, 263, 268, 270–271, 274–275, 277, 298, 300, 305; Russian protest, 259–261, 264–266, 268, 269; Stevens, views, 239, 277, 281–282, 283–284, 291–292, 295, 296, 298, 303–304, 306.
  • supervision, plans: Ambassador in Japan, 295, 296–297; authority, discussion, 281–282, 284, 291–292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 301–302, 303, 304; draft of representatives at Vladivostok (Oct. 13), 274–276; Japanese amended plan (Dec. 27), 301–303; Japanese attitude, 276, 277, 280, 283, 284, 297; Japanese revised plan (Dec. 2), 288–290; military protection, 275, 276, 277, 278, 286, 289, 290, 301, 303; U. S. attitude, 277–278, 285, 291, 292–293, 305–307.
  • U. S. control: Czech attitude, 245; discussion, 208–209; Russian attitude, 7, 208, 219, 234, 245.
  • Vladivostok shops, 22, 186–187, 192, 193–194, 195, 199, 200, 202, 208, 217, 249, 267, 269.
• Recognition of Soviet régime:
  • Masaryk, views, 120.
  • Russians, views, 235–236.
  • United States: Ambassador, views, 117, 211; Government, attitude, 232, 236.
• Red Army, Allied and American aid sought, 225.
• Refugees, Manchuria, 130, 133–134.
• Relief measures (see also Food supply), U. S. attitude toward cooperation with Soviet regime, 158, 160.
• Revolution, March, 250.
• Revolution, November, 205, 207, 208, 209, 212.
• Robins, Raymond, contacts with Soviet régime and U. S. officials, 106, 156, 228; U. S. attitude, 106.
• Root mission. See Special Diplomatic Mission to Russia.
• Russian Corporation, 44, 46.
• Russian Economic Commission, 116.
• Russian Embassy at Washington:
  • currency: plan, 59–64; Siberian issue, efforts, 74–75, 79–80, 84–85, 91–92.
  • merchant shipping, charter, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312.
  • status after November revolution, 28, 41, 49.
• Russian Extraordinary Embassy to the United States, 6, 9, 191.
• Russian Purchasing Commission, 23, 109.
• Russian Railway Service Corps (see also Advisory Commission of Railway Experts; Emerson; Railways):
  • arrival, 208, 209, 210, 211.
  • authority, 222–223, 233, 238, 242, 243; Japanese attitude, 257.
  • Chinese Eastern Railway, activities, 218–219, 220, 221–222, 223, 224, 226, 229, 232, 251.
  • Czecho-Slovak forces, relations, 237, 238
  • finances, 199, 208, 213, 214, 215, 221, 223, 225, 240, 242, 251, 252.
  • formation, 194, 196, 197, 199, 200–201, 202–203, 205, 208, 251.
  • interpreters, undesirable, 211, 212, 217.
  • Japan, removal to, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215; reasons, 216, 217.
  • Provisional Government, relations, 194–195, 199, 213, 233, 249, 251, 285.
  • railway employees, relations, 219, 220, 223, 224, 226, 280.
  • return, in part, to United States, 226, 230.
  • Semenov, aid sought, 232; U. S. attitude, 233.
  • Soviet régime: aid sought, 225, 226, 227–228; conference planned, 227–228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 238; Russian attitude, 231, 234, 235–236; U. S. attitude, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231–232, 234, 235–236.
  • U. S. Government: plans for service, 239–241, 246, 249–252, 253–255; relations, 209, 251.
  • Vladivostok, 237, 238, 249, 267, 269.
• Russian Red Cross, 160.
• Russian Supply Committee, 23, 310.
• Russian Volunteer Fleet. See Volunteer Fleet.
• Russo-Asiatic Bank, 244, 253, 268.
• Safety vaults, interference by Soviet régime, 30–31, 43; Consular Corps, protest, 31, 36.
• Securities, registration, Soviet decree, 42–43.
• Semenov, Gregory, 130.
  • Japanese aid, 235, 287.
  • railways, U. S. aid sought, 232–233.
• Shipping. See Merchant shipping.
• Shoes:
  • shipments to railway employees, 102–103, 105, 108, 112–113, 145, 154.
  • trade, plans, 21–22, 116, 118, 120, 122, 123, 129.
• Siberia (see also Trans-Siberian Railway):
  • commission, economic, U. S. plan, 134, 136, 147–150, 272; British response, 134–136.
  • commission, political, plan, 142.
  • commissioners: British and French, 79, 141–142, 242, 259; Japanese attitude, 139, 242.
  • Japan: forces, numbers in excess, 239, 278–279; French attitude toward excess numbers, 287–288; initiative by General Staff, 245, 247, 258, 290; joint action with United States, 58; withdrawal of forces, partial, 302.
  • United States: forces, 278, 281; joint action with Japan, 58; response to Japanese criticism, 293–294.
• Siberian and European forces, plans for contact, 78.
• Siberian government, British attitude, 288.
• Siberian Supply Co., 141–142.
• Simferopol, release, 311–312, 313, 314, 316.
• Skobelev, M. I., 27.
• Soviet of National Economy, Supreme, 32, 33.
• Soviet of People’s Commissars, loan repudiation, attitude, 31.
• Soviet régime (see also Bolsheviks; Central Executive Committee; Intervention; Loans; Petrograd Soviet; World War):
  • Chinese embargo, attitude, 173, 174.
  • confiscation, 39.
  • decrees: dividends, cessation of payment, 42n; interest-bearing papers, registration, 42–43; loans and notes, annulment, 38–39; loans, state, repudiation, 29, 31–33.
  • duration, estimates of probable, 27, 59, 207, 234, 236.
  • Germany, influenced by, 48, 59, 158.
  • loans, state, repudiation: Central Executive Committee, All-Russian, views, 31–32; decree, draft, 29; decree, text, 31–33; Diplomatic Missions, protest, 33, 35, 36; Inter-Allied Council, resolution, 34–35; munitions, relation to, 112, 228; U. S. attitude, 33, 34, 35, 36, 114, 115, 116.
  • merchant shipping, protest against seizure, 313–314.
  • munitions, removal, attitude, 111–112, 228.
  • nationalization, 35, 132–133.
  • railway matters, relations with U. S. agencies, 218–219, 234; aid sought, 225, 226, 227–228; conference planned, 227–228, 229, 230, 231, 233, 238; Russian attitude, 231, 234, 235–236; U. S. attitude, 225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231–232, 234, 235–236.
  • recognition: Masaryk, views, 120; Russians, views, 235–236; U. S. Ambassador, views, 117, 211; U. S. Government, attitude, 232, 236.
  • Red Army, Allied and American aid sought, 225.
  • relief measures, U. S. attitude toward cooperation, 154–155, 158, 160.
  • Revolution, November, 205, 207, 208, 209.
  • Robins, Raymond, relations, 106, 156, 228.
  • terror, world-wide protest against, 158.
  • warships, Allied and American, asked to leave Russian ports, 128.
• Special Diplomatic Mission to Russia (Elihu Root, chairman), 10, 11, 16.
• State Bank, 58, 59, 78.
• Stevens, John F., 189, 192, 235, 236, 251, 259. [Page 328]
  • Chinese Eastern Railway, activities, 218–219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 226, 229, 231, 232, 234.
  • November revolution, suspension of activities, 207–208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 216.
  • Provisional Government, relations, 190–191, 195–196, 202, 203–204, 206, 246, 250–251.
  • railways, operation for Russia: U. S. plan, 239–241, 246, 249–252, 253–255, 267, 268, 269, 273, 277–278, 284–285; views, 239, 277, 281–282, 283–284, 291–292, 295, 296, 298, 303–304, 306.
  • Soviet régime, relations, 225, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 236.
  • Trans-Siberian Railway, activities, 197, 198, 202, 203, 205, 250–251.
• Stevens, R. R., 114.
• Sunflower seed oil, 133, 167.
• Supplies (see also under Germany; Munitions):
  • purchases in United States by Provisional Government, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 18, 22, 27, 37, 102n; British sale, 37; November revolution, status after, 28.
  • rolling stock, orders, 5, 6, 7, 119, 186, 194, 195, 198, 206; shipments, 108, 116, 199, 202.
• Supplies, restricting to the enemy (see also Embargo; Munitions), 109.
  • British plan, 109–111.
  • cotton, 114–115, 127–128.
  • flax, 117, 119, 121, 132, 138, 140–141, 146, 156, 159, 168.
  • funds, U. S., 58, 107, 108–109, 112, 121, 122, 123, 126.
  • Masaryk, views, 120.
  • Military Missions, purchases, 108, 115.
  • oil, 132, 168.
  • oils and fats, 108, 133, 167.
  • Petrograd, evacuation, 123, 124, 161–162.
  • Tovaro-Obmien: Cooperatives, contacts, 128, 132, 133, 167; formation, 114n; Military Missions, relations, 114, 117, 121; purchases, 114–115, 117, 121, 132–133; statement, 166–168.
  • War Trade Board, plans, 152, 164, 165.
• Supreme government of the northern region. See Northern region.
• Supreme Soviet of National Economy, 32, 33.
• Supreme War Council, 104–105.
• Sweden, transit licenses, 106.
• Terror, world-wide protest initiated by United States, 158.
• Textiles, 167, 168.
• Thompson, Lieut. Col. William B., 117, 118.
• Toula, charter of, 308, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315.
• Tovaro-Obmien (see also Supplies, restricting to the enemy):
  • Cooperatives, contacts, 128, 132, 133, 167.
  • formation, 114n.
  • Military Missions, relations, 114, 117, 121.
  • purchases, 114–115, 117, 121, 132–133.
  • statement, 166–168.
• Trade (see also Embargo; Exports; War Trade Board):
  • Masaryk, plan, 120–121.
  • Maydell, plan, 124–126.
  • neutrals and Russia, British plan to control, 137; U. S. attitude, 145–146.
  • Siberian, British plan, 134–136, 141–142.
  • United States and Russia, plans, 21–22, 35, 113, 116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 129, 153, 156, 163.
• Trading corporation, War Trade Board project, 74, 149, 165.
• Transit licenses, 106.
• Transportation:
  • ocean tonnage, 20, 22, 28, 138, 142–143, 151.
  • railways, defects, 184, 226–227, 228, 305–306; congestion at Vladivostok and other points, 20, 185, 186, 187, 190, 202, 216, 217, 250, 283, 287, 299, 300, 301; food distribution, collapse, 200, 204, 250; military forces, inability to aid, 200, 269, 300; rolling stock, deterioration, 233, 283.
• Trans-Siberian Railway (see also Chinese Eastern Railway; Railways), 183, 184, 227.
  • Advisory Commission, activities, 197, 198, 202, 203, 205, 250–251.
  • Allied control, plans, 104–105.
  • Czecho-Slovaks: control, 181, 182, 277; Japanese aid, plan, 139; operation by Stevens, attitude, 262, 263, 270; U. S. control, attitude, 245.
  • defects, 184, 226–227, 305–306; congestion at Vladivostok and other points, 20, 186, 187, 190, 202, 216, 217, 250, 283, 287, 299, 301; food distribution, collapse, 200, 204, 250; military forces, inability to aid, 200, 269, 300; rolling stock, deterioration, 233, 283.
  • Japan: control, discussion, 239, 242, 245, 298; gauge, suggestion, 239–240; U. S. attitude toward control, 242–243.
  • military protection, 258, 270, 275, 289, 290, 301, 302, 303; Japanese plan, 262, 263; U. S. attitude, 263, 272, 276, 277, 278.
  • noninterference with existing rights, U. S. statements, 237, 251–252, 276, 278, 285, 294, 300.
  • prisoners of war, activities, 219, 223, 229.
  • Russian Railway Service Corps, activities, 237, 238–239.
  • U. S. control: Czech attitude, 245; discussion, 208–209; Russian attitude, 7, 208, 219, 234, 245.
  • Vladivostok shops, 22, 186–187, 192, 193–194, 195, 202, 217, 249, 267, 269.
• Treaties, statement of Diplomatic Conference, London, 34.
• Treaty of Brest Litovsk, indemnity, 168.
• United States (see also Advisory Commission of Railway Experts; Allied and American Governments; Currency; Diplomatic Missions; Loans; Railways; Russian Railway Service Corps; Supplies; Tovaro-Obmien; War Trade Board; Wilson, Woodrow; World War):
  • Ambassador in Japan, reports on Siberian situation, 258–259, 262, 268–269, 270–271, 272, 273, 274, 281–282, 287–288.
  • Archangel and Murman, expenses of rationing, 138, 143, 157.
  • commission, economic, in Siberia, plan, 134, 136, 147–150, 272; British response, 134–136.
  • Czecho-Slovaks: aid and supplies, 153, 292, 294, 300; railway agencies, relations, 237, 238.
  • embargo, China to Russia, attitude, 129, 172, 173–174, 175, 176–177, 178–179, 180, 181–182.
  • exports to Russia, restriction of, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 116, 122, 174.
  • interest on loans, attitude toward Russian postponement, 51, 52, 53–54, 55–56.
  • Japanese criticism of Siberian activities, response, 293–294.
  • merchant shipping: charter to Shipping Board, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312; release, attitude, 315, 316; requisition by Great Britain, attitude, 312, 313.
  • noninterference in Russian affairs, 233, 237, 238, 251–252, 253, 256, 260, 276, 278, 285, 294, 300.
  • recognition of Soviet Russia: Ambassador, views, 117, 211; Government, attitude, 232, 236.
  • relief measures, attitude toward Soviet cooperation, 154–155, 158, 160.
  • Siberia: forces, 278, 281; joint action with Japan, 58.
  • social welfare activities, 66, 78, 140, 271, 272, 294, 299.
  • Special Diplomatic Mission to Russia, 10, 11, 16.
  • terror, world-wide protest initiated, 158.
  • trade: control of neutral, attitude toward British plan, 145–146; plans for, 21–22, 113, 116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 129, 153, 156, 163; trading corporation, project, 74, 149, 165.
  • war, state of, with Soviet Russia, discussion, 59.
  • warships: at Vladivostok, 211, 290; Soviet request to leave Russian ports, 128.
• U. S. Shipping Board:
  • Russian merchant ships, charter, 55–56, 308–309, 311–312; release sought, 310–311, 313–314; Russian Embassy, Washington, attitude, 311–312; U. S. attitude, 315, 316.
• Ustrugov, L. A., 216, 224, 288.
  • railway, control by Stevens, views, 270, 274, 275, 277, 300, 305.
• Vladivostok:
  • Allied military council, 241, 247, 257–258.
  • currency, plan of representatives, 78–79, 87–88.
  • Czecho-Slovak forces, 181, 237.
  • freight congestion, 20, 186, 187, 190, 202, 250, 299.
  • railway shops, 22, 186–187, 192, 193–194, 195, 199, 200, 202, 208, 217, 249, 267, 269.
  • Zemstvo régime, 237.
• Vologodski, Peter V., 270.
• Volunteer Fleet:
  • charter of steamers to U. S. Shipping Board, 308–309, 316.
  • Great Britain, relations, 310, 312, 313, 314.
  • release of steamers sought, 310–311, 313.
• War, state of, between Associated Governments and Soviet Russia, discussion, 59.
• Wardwell, Maj. Allen, 160.
• War Trade Board (see also War Trade Board of the United States Russian Bureau, Inc.):
  • export licenses, 104, 122, 149, 151, 164, 182.
  • funds, 50, 149, 151, 158.
  • import licenses, 153, 159.
  • plans for Russian service, 148–150, 150–154, 155, 158, 162–163; after armistice, 170–171; outside Russia, 164–165.
  • supplies, restricting to the enemy, plans, 152, 164, 165.
  • trading corporation, project, 74n, 149, 165.
• War Trade Board of the United States Russian Bureau, Inc.:
  • organization, 165.
  • plans, 168–170, 171.
• Warships, Allied and American, asked to leave Russian ports, 128.
• Webster, Capt. William B., 154, 160.
• Wheat Executive, 142–143, 144.
• Willard, Daniel, 183, 192n, 217.
• Wilson, Woodrow, instruction to the Advisory Commission of Railway Experts, 196–197.
• World War:
  • Russian prosecution of war: ability, discussion, 3, 4, 15, 16, 17, 27, 120; Allied and American effort to induce, 57, 206.
• Y. M. C. A., 134, 271, 294.
• Zemstvos, 94, 123, 237