Mr. Leishman to Mr. Hay.

No. 554.]

Sir: The advices sent you by cable will have given a fair idea of the condition of affairs at Beirut.

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The general conditions prevailing in Beirut are favorable to troubles of this kind, as the Christian population outnumbers the Moslem, and it is highly probable that many of the outrages are committed with the knowledge, if not sanction, of the authorities with a view of cowing the Christian population, which is not any too good, into subjection, and being so close to the Lebanon, where the people are much more free, it is highly probable that the Christian element contributes largely to keeping up the excitement with the hope that Beirut may eventually be included in the Lebanon.

The best of governors would have a difficult task in maintaining peace and quietness, and from all reports the present governor is far from being a model executive officer. For many months past few people have been hardy enough to venture to walk out at night, and recent developments would indicate that it was not even safe to drive. Our people speak very highly of many of the local governors, such as at Harput, Diarbekir, and Damascus, but no one, not even the better class of Turkish officials, has a good word to say about the governor at Beirut, and I am quite certain that the present grand vizier did his best to have him removed some time ago. * * *

Desirous as I am to get matters adjusted in order that the fleet may be sent away, * * * I am waiting patiently from day to day and hour to hour to receive overtures from the Sublime Porte, and under all the circumstances I can see no other policy at present to pursue.

The presence of our ships in the harbor at Beirut is undoubtedly very opportune for both the native Christian and foreign population, and even if they were to leave before the present trouble is settled, France or some other power would send ships. * * *

There is no great change in the general situation except a very noticeable increased feeling of antagonism to foreigners in general.

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I have, etc.,

John G. A. Leishman.