Historical Documents - Office of the Historian

Aaron, David L., Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Ahtisaari, Martti, United Nations Commissioner for Namibia

Bennet, Douglas J., Jr., Assistant Secretary of State for Congressional Relations, from 1977 until May 1979; Administrator, Office of the Administrator, Department of State, from June 1979
Blackwill, Robert, member, National Security Council Staff for West Europe Affairs from September 1979 until January 1981
Blumenthal, W. Michael, Secretary of the Treasury until July 1979
Bomani, Paul, Tanzanian Ambassador to the United States
Bongo, Omar, President of Gabon; Chairman of the Organization of African Unity from July 2, 1977, until July 18, 1978
Borg, C. Arthur, Executive Secretary of the Department of State from July 12, 1976, until April 15, 1977
Botha, Pieter Willem (P.W.), South African Prime Minister from October 9, 1978
Botha, Roelof Frederik (Pik), South African Permanent Representative to the United Nations until 1977; South African Ambassador to the United States from July 1975 until May 1977; South African Minister of Foreign Affairs from April 1977
Bowdler, William G., U.S. Ambassador to South Africa from May 1975 until April 1978; Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from April 1978 until December 1979; Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs from January 1980 until January 1981
Brement, Marshall, member, National Security Council Staff for USSR and East European Affairs from May 1979 until January 1981
Brewster, Kingman, Jr., U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom from June 1977 until February 1981
Brown, George S., General, USAF; Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from July 1974 until June 1978
Brown, Harold, Secretary of Defense
Brzezinski, Zbignew K., Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Buchanan, Thompson R., Director, Office of Central African Affairs, Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State
Byrd, Robert C., Senator (D-West Virginia)

Caetano, Marcello, Portuguese Prime Minister until 1974
Callaghan, James, British Prime Minister from April 5, 1976, until May 4, 1979
Carlucci, Frank Charles III, U.S. Ambassador to Portugal from January 1975 until February 1978; Deputy Director of Central Intelligence from February 5, 1978, until February 4, 1981
Carter, James Earl (Jimmy), President of the United States
Carver, Baron Richard Michael Power, Field Marshal, British Resident Commissioner-designate for Rhodesia from August 1977 until October 1978
Castro Ruz, Fidel, President of Cuba
Chakulya, Wilson M., Zambian Foreign Minister from 1979 until 1981
Chand, Dewan Prem, Lieutenant General, United Nations Force Commander in Rhodesia until 1977; United Nations Special Representative in Rhodesia
Chidzero, Bernard T., Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Chirau, Jeremiah, Chief, President of the Zimbabwe United People’s Organization; Chairman, Executive Council of the Transitional Government
Chona, Mark, adviser to Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda
Christopher, Warren M., Deputy Secretary of State from February 26, 1977
Clift, A. Denis, Assistant to the Vice President for National Security Affairs
Conyers, John J., Jr., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Michigan); member of the Congressional Black Caucus
Crosland, Charles Anthony, British Foreign Secretary from April 8, 1976, until February 19, 1977
Cutter, W. Bowman, Executive Associate Director for Budget, Office of Management and Budget

Davidow, Jeffrey S., Southern Rhodesia Desk Officer, Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State, from 1977 until 1979.
De Pree, Willard A., U.S. Ambassador to Mozambique from April 1976 until July 1980
De Laboulayé, François, Political Director, Foreign Ministry of France until 1977; French Ambassador to the United States from 1977
Diggs, Charles C., Jr., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Michigan) until June 3, 1980; member of the Congressional Black Caucus
Di-Lutete, Umba, Zairean Foreign Minister from 1977 until 1979
Dodson, Christine, Deputy Staff Secretary, National Security Council, from January 1977 until May 1977; Staff Secretary from May 1977 until January 1981
Dos Santos, José Eduardo, President of Angola from September 1979
Dobrynin, Anatoly F., Soviet Ambassador to the United States
Duff, Sir Arthur Antony, Deputy Governor of Southern Rhodesia from December 1979 until April 1980
Duncan, Charles W., Jr., Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1977 until 1979; Secretary of Energy from 1979 until 1981

Eanes, António Ramalho, President of Portugal
Easum, Donald B., U.S. Ambassador to Nigeria from May 22, 1975, until October 15, 1979
Ecksteen, J. Adriaan (Riaan), Acting South African Permanent Representative to the United Nations until September 1979; thereafter Permanent Representative to the United Nations
Edmondson, William B., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs until April 1978; U.S. Ambassador to South Africa from June 1978 until July 1981
Escher, Alfred M., Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations regarding Namibia
Evron, Ephraim, Director General of the Israeli Foreign Ministry from 1977 until 1978; Israeli Ambassador to the United States from January 11, 1979

Fauntroy, Walter E., delegate, U.S. House of Representatives (D-District of Columbia); member of the Congressional Black Caucus
Ferreira, Armenio, Lisbon Representative of the Portuguese Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola
Figueiredo, Elisio, Angolan Representative to the United Nations
Fourie, Bernadus Gerhardus (Brand), South African Secretary of Foreign Affairs
Funk, Gerald, member, National Security Council Staff for Sub-Saharan African Affairs from December 1978 until January 1981

Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, Federal Republic of Germany Minister of Foreign Affairs
Giscard D’Estaing, Valéry, President of France
Graham, John A., British Deputy Under Secretary from 1977 until 1979; British leader of US–UK consultative group on Rhodesia
Guiringaud, Louis de, French Minister of Foreign Affairs until November 29, 1978

Habib, Philip C., Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs from July 1, 1976, until April 1, 1978
Harmon, John M., Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice
Hawkins, Harold, Air Vice Marshal, Rhodesian diplomatic representative in South Africa
Hayakawa, Samuel I., Senator (R-California)
Helms, Jesse A., Jr., Senator (R-North Carolina)
Herzog, Chaim, Israeli Ambassador to the United Nations from 1975 until 1978
Houghouet-Boigny, Felix, President of Cote d’Ivoire

Jackson, Richard L., Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
Jamieson, Donald, Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs from 1976 until 1979
Jay, Peter, British Ambassador to the United States
Jorge, Paulo Teixeira, Angolan Foreign Minister
Junior, Lewis D., Director, Office of Central African Affairs, Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State

Kaunda, Kenneth, President of Zambia
Keogh, Dennis W., Deputy Director, Office of Southern African Affairs, Department of State, from 1976 until 1978
Khama, Sir Seretse, President of Botswana
Kirk, Roger, Deputy Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from 1975 until 1978
Kissinger, Henry A., Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs from January 20, 1969, until November 3, 1975; Secretary of State from September 21, 1973, until January 20, 1977
Knoche, E. Henry (Emil), Deputy Director of Central Intelligence until August 1, 1977
Koornhof, Pieter G.J. (Piet), South African Minister of Cooperation and Development from 1978 until 1984

Laingen, Lowell B., U.S. Ambassador to Malta from January 1977 until January 1979; Chargé d’Affaires ad interim U.S. Embassy in Tehran until April 7, 1980, when the U.S. severed diplomatic relations
Lake, Anthony W., Director of Policy Planning, Department of State
Low, Stephen, U.S. Ambassador to Zambia from August 1976 until July 1979; thereafter U.S. Ambassador to Nigeria

Machel, Samora, President of the People’s Republic of Mozambique
Malan, Mangus A., General, Chief of the South African Defense Force
Matanzima, Kaiser D., founder, Transkei National Independence Party; Transkei Prime Minister from 1976; President of the Republic of Transkei from 1979
McGovern, George, Senator (D-South Dakota)
McHenry, Donald, U.S. Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations from March 1977; U.S. Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations from September 1979 until January 1981
Mitchell, Parren J., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Maryland); member of the Congressional Black Caucus
Mkapa, Benjamin, Tanzanian Foreign Minister
Mobutu, Sésé Seko (Joseph-Désiré Mobutu), Lieutenant General, President of the Republic of the Congo (Zaire) and Minister of Defense
Mogwe, Archibald, Botswana Minister of Foreign Affairs
Mondale, Walter F., Vice President of the United States
Monteiro, José Oscar, Mozambican Minister of State
Moose, Richard M., Deputy Under Secretary of State for Management from March 18, 1977, until August 15, 1977; Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs from July 6, 1977, until January 16, 1981
Moynihan, Daniel P., Senator (D-New York)
Mugabe, Robert, leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union; Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from April 18, 1980
Muskie, Edmund S. (Ed), Senator (D-Maine) from January 3, 1959, until May 7, 1980; Secretary of State from May 8, 1980, until January 20, 1981
Muzorewa, Abel, Bishop, leader of the United African National Council, Rhodesia
Mwale, Siteke G., Zambian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1976 until 1978

Neto, Agostinho, President of the People’s Republic of Angola from November 11, 1975, until September 10, 1979
Newsom, David D., U.S. Ambassador to Indonesia until October 1977; U.S. Ambassador to the Philippines from November 1977 until March 1978; Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs from April 1978
Niles, Thomas, Deputy Director, Dependent Areas Affairs, Office of UN Political Affairs, Department of State
Nkomo, Joshua, leader of the Zimbabwe African People’s Union
Norland, Donald R., U.S. Ambassador to Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland from December 1976 until October 1979
Nujoma, Samuel D., President of the Southwest Africa Peoples’ Organization
Nyerere, Julius K., President of Tanzania

Obasanjo, Olusegun, General, Nigerian Head of State from 1976
Odom, William E., Lieutenant General, USA; Military Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs
Owen, David A., British Foreign Secretary from February 21, 1977, until May 4, 1979
Owen, Henry D., member, National Security Council Staff for International Economics

Palliser, Sir Michael, British Permanent Under Secretary, Foreign and Commonwealth Office
Petterson, Donald K., Director, Office of Southern African Affairs, Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State, from 1977 until 1978; Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State, until October 1978; thereafter, U.S. Ambassador to Somalia
Pickering, Thomas R., U.S. Ambassador to Jordan until July 1978; Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs from October 10, 1978
Press, Frank, Special Adviser to the President for Science and Technology; Director, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, from June 1, 1977

Ramphal, Sir Shridath Surendranath (Sonny), Commonwealth Secretary-General from 1975
Ramsbotham, Sir Peter, British Ambassador to the United States from 1974 until 1977
Rangel, Charles B. (Charlie), member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-New York); member of the Congressional Black Caucus
Reinhardt, John E., Director of the U.S. Information Agency from March 1977 until March 1978; thereafter Director of the International Communications Agency
Rentschler, James, member, National Security Council Staff for West Europe Affairs from September 1978 until January 1981
Ribicoff, Abraham A., Senator (D-Connecticut)
Richard, Ivor, British Permanent Representative to the United Nations from June 2, 1974, until December 21, 1979
Richardson, Henry, member, National Security Council Staff for Sub-Saharan African Affairs from February 1977 until November 1978
Roberto, Holden A., leader of the Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile and the National Front for the Liberation of Angola
Roux, A.J. (Ampie), President of South Africa’s Atomic Energy Board; Chairman of the Uranium Enrichment Corporation of South Africa

Salim, Salim A., Tanzanian Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1970 until 1980
Saunders, Harold H. (Hal), Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from December 1, 1975, until April 10, 1978; thereafter Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs
Savimbi, Jonas, President of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola
Schaufele, William E., Jr., Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs from December 19, 1975, until July 17, 1977
Sebastian, Peter, Deputy Executive Secretary of the Department of State
Seelye, Talcott W., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs until 1978
Seitz, Raymond G.H., Deputy Executive Secretary of the Department of State
Senghor, Leopold, President of Senegal
Sithole, Ndabaningi, Reverend, founder of the Zimbabwe African National Union
Soames, Baron Arthur Christopher John, Governor of Southern Rhodesia from December 1979 until April 1980
Solarz, Stephen J., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-New York); Chairman, House Sub-Committee on African Affairs
Sole, Donald B., South African Ambassador to the United States from May 11, 1977, until June 4, 1982
Spain, James W., U.S. Ambassador to Tanzania from January 8, 1976, until August 21, 1979
Smith, David C., Rhodesian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance
Smith, Gerard C., U.S. Representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency from July 14, 1977, until November 10, 1980; Ambassador at Large and U.S. Special Representative for Non-Proliferation Matters from July 22, 1977, until November 10, 1980
Smith, Ian, Rhodesian Prime Minister from April 13, 1964, until June 1, 1979
Smith, William Y., Lieutenant General, USAF; Assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Solomon, Anthony M., Under Secretary of the Treasury for Monetary Affairs from March 1977 until March 1980; New York Federal Reserve Bank President from April 1980
Spain, James W., U.S. Ambassador to Tanzania from January 8, 1976, until August 21, 1979
Spiliotes, Nicholas, member, National Security Council Staff for Sub-Saharan African Affairs from August 1979 until January 1981
Steele, Henry, British legal adviser on Rhodesia
Stirn, Olivier, French State Secretary of Foreign Affairs from April 1978 until May 1981
Sullivan, Leon H., pastor of Zion Baptist Church, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from 1950; member of the Board of Directors of General Motors from 1971

Tarnoff, Peter, Executive Secretary, Department of State, from April 4, 1977, until February 8, 1981
Thatcher, Margaret H., British Prime Minister from May 4, 1979
Tolbert, William, President of Liberia from July 23, 1971, until April 12, 1980
Tsongas, Paul E., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Massachusetts) from 1974 until 1978; thereafter Senator (D-Massachusetts)
Turner, Stansfield, Admiral, USN; Director of Central Intelligence from March 9, 1977, until January 20, 1981
Twaddell, William H., Special Assistant, Office of the Secretary, Department of State

Vance, Cyrus R., Secretary of State from January 20, 1977, until April 28, 1980
Van den Bergh, Hendrik Johannes, General, Director, Bureau for State Security; Security Advisor to the Rhodesian Prime Minister
Vasev, Vladillen, Soviet Minister Counselor
Vorster, Balthazar Johannes (B.J.), South African Prime Minister from September 13, 1966, until October 2, 1978; South African President from October 10, 1978, until June 4, 1979

Waldheim, Kurt, Secretary General of the United Nations
Walker, Lannon, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
Wisner, Frank G. II, Deputy Executive Secretary, Department of State, from 1977 until June 1979; U.S. Ambassador to Zambia from August 1979

Young, Andrew, U.S. Representative to the United Nations from January 1977 until September 1979

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume XVI, Southern Africa

Persons