Persons

  • Akalovsky, Alexander, Political Officer at the Embassy in Moscow September 1965–1968
  • Alliluyeva, Svetlana, daughter of Josef Stalin
  • Acheson, Dean, Secretary of State, 1949–1953
  • Akalovsky, Alexander, First Secretary and Political Officer at the Embassy in the Soviet Union
  • Albert, Carl, Representative (D–OK), House Majority Leader
  • Algard, Ole, Norwegian Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China
  • Alsop, Joseph W., journalist, author, and syndicated columnist
  • Arends, Leslie C., Representative (R–IL), House Minority Whip
  • Au Truong Thanh, former Vietnamese Economic Minister and Presidential candidate
  • Aubrac, Raymond, Director of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and an intermediary in Pennsylvania
  • Baldwin, Hanson W., author and Military Editor for The New York Times
  • Bates, William H., Representative (R–MA), ranking Republican on the House Armed Services Committee
  • Boggs, Hale, Representative (D–LA)
  • Bohlen, Charles E., Ambassador to France
  • Bolton, Frances P., Representative (R–OH), ranking Republican on the House Foreign Affairs Committee
  • Bow, Frank T., Representative (R–OH), ranking Republican on the House Appropriations Committee
  • Bowles, Chester, Ambassador to India
  • Bradley, General Omar N., USA (ret.), former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • Brown, George, British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
  • Brown, Harold, Secretary of the Air Force
  • Bruce, David K. E., Ambassador to the United Kingdom
  • Bui Diem, Vietnamese Ambassador to the United States
  • Bundy, McGeorge, President of the Ford Foundation; former Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
  • Bundy, William P., Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs
  • Bunker, Ellsworth, Ambassador to Vietnam after April 5, 1967
  • Byroade, Henry A., Ambassador to Burma
  • Califano, Joseph A., Jr., Special Assistant to the President
  • Cao Van Vien, General, ARVN, Chief of the Joint General Staff; also Minister of Defense, January–October 1967
  • Carver, George, Special Assistant for Vietnamese Affairs, Central Intelligence Agency
  • Christian, George, Press Secretary to the President after February 1, 1967
  • Clifford, Clark M., Chairman, President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board
  • Colby, William E., Chief, Far East Division, Directorate of Plans, Central Intelligence Agency
  • Cooper, Chester, Special Assistant to Ambassador at Large W. Averell Harriman
  • Couve de Murville, Maurice, French Foreign Minister
  • Dean, Sir Patrick, British Ambassador to the United States
  • De Gaulle, Charles, President of France
  • Denney, George C., Jr., Deputy Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
  • DePuy, Major General William E., USA, Special Assistant for Counterinsurgency and Special Activities, Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • Dirksen, Everett McKinley, Senator (R–IL), Senate Majority Leader
  • Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., Soviet Ambassador to the United States
  • D’Orlandi, Giovanni, Italian Ambassador to Vietnam
  • Douglas, Senator Paul H. (D–IL)
  • Duong Van Minh, former Vietnamese Chief of State
  • Fanfani, Amintore, Italian Foreign Minister
  • Ford, Gerald R., Representative (R–MI)
  • Forsythe, Major General George I., USA, Assistant Deputy to the Commander, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, for Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support
  • Fortas, Abe, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
  • Fowler, Henry H., Secretary of the Treasury
  • Freeman, Orville H., Secretary of Agriculture
  • Fulbright, J. William, Senator (D–AR), Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee
  • Gandhi, Indira, Indian Prime Minister
  • Gardner, John W., Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
  • Gaud, William S., Administrator of the Agency for International Development
  • Gavin, Lieutenant General James M., USA (ret.), former Ambassador to France
  • Ginsburgh, Colonel Robert, USAF, Member of the National Security Council Staff
  • Goldberg, Arthur J., Representative to the United Nations
  • Gonard, Samuel, President of the International Committee of the Red Cross
  • Goodpaster, Lieutenant General Andrew J., USA, Director, Joint Staff
  • Greene, Fred, Director of the Office of Research and Analysis for East Asia and the
  • Pacific, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
  • Greene, General Wallace M., Jr., USMC, Commandant of the Marine Corps
  • Gromyko, Andrei A., Soviet Foreign Minister
  • Gronouski, John A., Ambassador to Poland
  • Habib, Philip C., Minister-Counselor at the Embassy in Vietnam; Deputy Assistant Secretary of East Asian and Pacific Affairs after June 1967
  • Harkins, General Paul D., USA, former Commander, U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, 1962–1964
  • Harriman, W. Averell, Ambassador at Large
  • Hart, John L., Chief of the CIA Station in Saigon
  • Hayden, Carl, Senator (D–AZ), President Pro Tempore and Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee
  • Helble, John J., Vietnam Working Group, Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs, Department of State
  • Helms, Richard M., Director of Central Intelligence
  • Hickenlooper, Bourke B., Representative (R–IA)
  • Hoang Man Tu, National Liberation Front diplomatic representative in Algeria
  • Hoang Xuan Lam, General ARVN, Commander of I Corps, Republic of Vietnam
  • Ho Chi Minh, President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Holdridge, John, Deputy Director, Office of Research and Analysis for East Asia and the Pacific, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
  • Holt, Harold, Australian Prime Minister until December
  • Holyoake, Keith, Prime Minister of New Zealand
  • Hoopes, Townsend W., Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
  • Hornig, Donald F., Special Assistant to the President
  • Hughes, Thomas L., Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
  • Humphrey, Hubert H., Vice President
  • Janczewski, Zbigniew, Polish Foreign Ministry official
  • Javits, Jacob K., Senator (R–NY)
  • Jenkins, Walter E., Jr., Deputy Chief of Mission at the Embassy in Poland
  • Johnson, General Harold K., USA, Chief of Staff, U.S. Army
  • Johnson, U. Alexis, Ambassador to Japan
  • Jones, Jim, Assistant to the President
  • Jorden, William J., Senior Member of the National Security Council Staff
  • Kaiser, Philip, Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy, London
  • Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., Under Secretary of State
  • Kennan, George F., author and former Ambassador to the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia
  • Kennedy, Robert F., Senator (D–NY)
  • Kissinger, Henry, Professor of Government at Harvard University and Consultant to the Department of State
  • Kistiakowsky, George B., Professor of Chemistry at Harvard University and Vice President of the National Academy of Sciences
  • Kohler, Foy D., Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
  • Komer, Robert W., President’s Special Assistant until May 1967; thereafter Deputy to the Commander, U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, for Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support, and Special Assistant to the Ambassador to Vietnam with the personal rank of Ambassador
  • Koren, Henry L. T., Staff Assistant to the Deputy Ambassador to Vietnam
  • Kosygin, Alexei N., Soviet Premier
  • Kraft, Joseph, journalist, author, and syndicated columnist
  • Krulak, Lieutenant General Victor H., USMC, Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific
  • Kuchel, Thomas H., Senator (R–CA)
  • Lansdale, Edward G., Special Assistant to the Ambassador to Vietnam
  • Leonhart, William K., Deputy to Robert W. Komer until May 1967; thereafter Special Assistant to the President
  • Le Trang, Deputy Chief of Mission, North Vietnamese Embassy in Moscow
  • Le Van Truong, Vietnamese proponent of Cochinchinese autonomy residing in Europe
  • Lewandowski, Januscz, Polish Representative to the International Control Commission
  • Lilienthal, David, Chairman, Development Resources Corporation
  • Linh Quang Vien, Lieutenant General, ARVN, Minister of National Security; Minister of Interior after November 9, 1967
  • Lippmann, Walter, author and journalist
  • Locke, Eugene, Ambassador to Pakistan; Deputy Ambassador to Vietnam after May 1967
  • Lodge, Henry Cabot, Ambassador to Vietnam until April 1967
  • Long, Russell B., Senator (D–LA)
  • Lovett, Robert A., banker and unofficial adviser to the President
  • Lynd, Staughton, Professor of History at Yale University
  • Lyng, John, Norwegian Foreign Minister
  • Lucet, Charles E., French Ambassador to the United States
  • Mahon, George H., Representative (D–TX), Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee
  • Mai Thi Vang, wife of Trang Bach Dang released during the Buttercup contacts
  • Mai Van Bo, Delegate General and Commercial Representative in France of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Manac’h, Etienne, Director of Asian Affairs, French Foreign Ministry
  • Manatos, Mike, Special Assistant to the President for Congressional Liaison
  • Mansfield, Mike, Senator (D–MT), Senate Majority Leader
  • Marcos, Ferdinand, President of the Philippines
  • Marcovich, Hebert, French professor and intermediary in Pennsylvania
  • Marks, Leonard H., Director of the United States Information Agency
  • Martin, Graham A., Ambassador to Thailand
  • Martin, Paul J., Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs
  • McBride, Robert H., Deputy Chief of Mission at the Embassy in France
  • McCarthy, Eugene J., Senator (D–MN)
  • McCloy, John J., lawyer and one of the “Wise Men” who served as unofficial advisers to President Johnson
  • McConaughy, Walter P., Ambassador to Pakistan until May 17, 1966
  • McConnell, General John P., USAF, Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force
  • McCormack, John W., Representative (D–MA), Speaker of the House
  • McDonald, Admiral David L., USN (ret.), former Chief of Naval Operations
  • McGovern, George S., Senator (D–SD)
  • McNamara, Robert S., Secretary of Defense
  • McNaughton, John T., Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs until July 19
  • McPherson, Harry C., Jr., Special Counsel to the President
  • Meeker, Leonard C., Legal Adviser to the Department of State
  • Michalowski, Jerzy, Director-General, Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • Miller, Robert H., Director, Vietnam Working Group, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Department of State
  • Molotov, Vyacheslav M., former Soviet Foreign Minister, 1946–1949
  • Momyer, General William H., USAF, Commander, U.S. 7th Air Force in South Vietnam.
  • Moorer, Admiral Thomas H., USN, Chief of Naval Operations
  • Morgan, Thomas E., Representative (D–PA), Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee
  • Morse, Wayne, Senator (D–OR)
  • Moyers, Bill D., former Press Secretary to the President
  • Mundt, Karl E., Senator (R–SD)
  • Ngo Minh Loan, North Vietnamese Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China
  • Nguyen Bao Tri, Vietnamese Minister of Revolutionary Development after November 9, 1967
  • Nguyen Cao Ky, Air Vice Marshal, VNAF, Vietnamese Prime Minister and Chairman, National Executive Committee until October 31, 1967; thereafter Vice President
  • Nguyen Chi Thanh, General, PAVN, Head of the Central Office for South Vietnam until July
  • Nguyen Duc Thang, General, ARVN, Vietnamese Minister of Rural Revolutionary Development through October; thereafter Commanding General of IV CTZ.
  • Nguyen Duy Trinh, North Vietnamese Deputy Premier and Foreign Minister
  • Nguyen Huu An, Permanent Secretary of the Vietnamese Red Cross
  • Nguyen Huu Co, Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister until January
  • Nguyen Huu Hanh, Vietnamese Minister of Economy and Finance and Governor, National Bank of Vietnam
  • Nguyen Huu Tho, Chairman of the Central Committee of the National Liberation Front until March
  • Nguyen Khanh, former Vietnamese Premier
  • Nguyen Luu Vien, Vietnamese Deputy Premier and Minister for Cultural and Social Affairs
  • Nguyen Ngoc Loan, Director General of the Vietnamese National Police and Chief of the Military Security Service
  • Nguyen Tho Chan, North Vietnamese Ambassador to the Soviet Union
  • Nguyen Van Loc, President, Army People’s Council and Prime Minister after October 31, 1967
  • Nguyen Van Thieu, Lieutenant General, ARVN, Vietnamese Chief of State and Chairman, National Leadership Committee until October 31; thereafter President
  • Nguyen Van Vy, General, ARVN, Chief of Staff, ARVN; Minister of National Defense after November 9, 1967
  • Nilsson, Torsten, Swedish Foreign Minister
  • Nitze, Paul, Secretary of the Navy through June 1967; thereafter Deputy Secretary of Defense
  • Nixon, Richard, former Vice President
  • O’Brien, Lawrence, Postmaster General
  • Owen, Henry D., Chairman of the Policy Planning Council, Department of State
  • Park, Chung Hee, President of Korea
  • Pearson, Lester, Canadian Prime Minister
  • Pell, Claiborne, Senator (D–RI)
  • Pham Thi Yen, wife of Tan Buu Kiem
  • Pham Van Dong, Premier of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Phan Khac Suu, chairman of the Vietnamese Constituent Assembly and presidential candidate
  • Phan Huy Quat, former Vietnamese Premier and Presidential candidate
  • Poats, Rutherford, Assistant Administrator, Bureau for the Far East, Agency for International Development; Deputy Administrator, Agency for International Development after May 1967
  • Pompidou, Georges, French Premier
  • Porter, William J., Deputy Ambassador to Vietnam; after May 1967 Ambassador to Korea
  • Rapacki, Adam, Polish Foreign Minister
  • Read, Benjamin H., Special Assistant to the Secretary of State and Executive Secretary of the Department
  • Reston, James B., journalist and Associate Editor, The New York Times
  • Rice, Edward, Consul General in Hong Kong
  • Ridgway, General Matthew B., USA (ret.), U.S. Army Chief of Staff, 1953–1955
  • Rivers, L. Mendel, Representative (D–SC), Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee
  • Roche, John P., Special Consultant to the President
  • Ropa, Donald W., Member of the National Security Council Staff
  • Rostow, Eugene V., Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
  • Rostow, Walt W., Special Assistant to the President
  • Rusk, Dean, Secretary of State
  • Russell, Richard B., Senator (D–GA), Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee
  • Sainteny, Jean, former French colonial official in Indochina and adviser to President Charles de Gaulle
  • Sato, Eisaku, Japanese Prime Minister
  • Sau Ha, Viet Cong courier whose arrest initiated the Buttercup contacts
  • Sharp, Admiral Ulysses S. Grant, USN, Commander in Chief, Pacific
  • Shelepin, Alexandr N., Secretary of the Central Committee, Soviet Communist Party
  • Sieverts, Frank, Special Assistant to Ambassador at Large W. Averell Harriman
  • Smathers, George A., Senator (D–FL)
  • Smith, Bromley K., Executive Secretary of the National Security Council
  • Sorensen, Theodore, Adviser to Senator Robert Kennedy
  • Souvanna Phouma, Prince, Laotian Prime Minister
  • Starbird, Lieutenant General Alfred D., USA, Director, Defense Communications Agency
  • Steadman, John M., Special Assistant to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense
  • Stearns, Monteagle, Special Assistant to Ambassador at Large W. Averell Harriman
  • Stennis, John C., Senator (D–MS)
  • Stewart, Michael N.F., British Ambassador to the United States
  • Sullivan, William H., Ambassador to Laos
  • Symington, Stuart, Senator (D–MO)
  • Tan Buu Kiem, Chief, Foreign Affairs Committee, National Liberation Front
  • Taylor, General Maxwell D., USA (ret.), Special Consultant to the President
  • Thanat Khoman, Thai Foreign Minister
  • Thanom Kittikachorn, Thai Prime Minister and Defense Minister
  • Thant, U, Secretary-General of the United Nations
  • Thompson, Llewellyn E., Jr., Ambassador to the Soviet Union
  • Tibbets, Margaret Joy, Ambassador to Norway
  • Tran Bach Dang, Presidium Member, National Liberation Front Central Committee
  • Tran Quoc Buu, Vietnamese labor leader
  • Tran Van Do, Vietnamese Foreign Minister
  • Tri Quang, leader of the Buddhist Struggle Movement
  • Trueheart, William C., Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
  • Truong Dinh Dzu, South Vietnamese presidential candidate
  • Truong Binh Tong, imprisoned National Liberation Front official who was released to act as intermediary in the Buttercup episode
  • Unger, Leonard S., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs until August 11, 1967; thereafter Ambassador to Thailand
  • Vance, Cyrus R., Deputy Secretary of Defense until June
  • Vinh Loc, General, ARVN, Commander of II Corps
  • Vo Nguyen Giap, General, PAVN, Minister of National Defense, Democratic Republic of Vietnam
  • Vu Van Thai, former Vietnamese Ambassador to the United States
  • Walt, Lieutenant General Lewis W., USMC, Commander of the U.S. III Marine Amphibious Force and I Corps Senior Adviser
  • Wehrle, Leroy S., Associate Director and Economic Counselor in Vietnam, Agency for International Development
  • Westmoreland, General William C., USA, Commander, Military Assistance Command, Vietnam
  • Wheeler, General Earle G., USA, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • Wilson, Harold, British Prime Minister
  • Wilson, Samuel V., Saigon Mission Coordinator
  • Y Bham Enuol, Chairman, United Front for the Struggle of the Oppressed Race (FULRO)
  • Zorthian, Barry, Minister-Counselor for Information at the Embassy in Vietnam and Director, U.S. Joint Public Affairs Office.