Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume II,
Vietnam, January–June 1965
Index
-
Acheson, Dean, 308, 627, 652n
, 668, 737
-
Acheson-Cutler Plan. See
Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam
under Settlement of conflict in Vietnam.
- Agency for International Development, 703
-
Aiken, George D., 63n
- Air strike suspension, 249, 668n
- decision to implement, 629–630, 635–637
- information policy re, 631–632, 637,
669n
- resumption of strikes, 665–668, 669
- status report on, 651–652
- Thant informed of, 644–647
- U.S.-DRV contacts, 617,
637–638,
647–651
- U.S. secrecy re, 634–635
- U.S.-Soviet discussions, 639–640, 647–651, 664–665
- U.S. strategy, 604–605
- Vietnamese (RVN) concurrence, 630–631, 636n
- Air strikes against DRV (Phase II program; Rolling Thunder bombings) (see also
Air strike suspension), 34, 38, 139, 190–191, 233, 239, 241, 284, 290–291, 410, 434, 446, 484, 517
-
Ball’s paper for
L.B. Johnson, 252–261, 262n
- Chinese response, 130, 228–229, 287, 421,
482, 483
- Communist overall response, 436–437
- decision to undertake strikes, 202,
262
- effects of strikes, 581, 640–641, 740
- intelligence reports on, 420–422
-
JCS assessment of, 535–537, 670–671
-
Eisenhower’s attitude toward, 298, 300,
303–304
- escalation of strikes:
- financing and personnel for, 190, 197
- Hanoi bombing, possible, 709, 725–727
- Honolulu conference discussions, 573,
574
- information program re, 580–581
- initiation of, 342–343, 361–362, 380,
386, 390
- international response, 257, 402
-
JCS program for, 240–243
-
Johnson’s (U.A.) assessment
of, 445–446
-
McCone’s position, 130, 193,
195–196,
521–524,
608, 613–615
-
McNaughton’s recommendations, 428–430
- media coverage of, 546–547
- mining of harbors, 491, 493, 534,
539
- napalm attacks, 425–426
- objectives of, 17, 71–75, 208, 250–251, 254,
303–304,
704–706,
708, 710–713, 724–725
- planning for future actions, 551–552
- Presidential prerogative in initiating strikes, 41, 48–49, 52, 54, 56, 191, 197
- protracted bombing program, 578–581, 592–600, 608,
613–615
- public statements on, 264–265, 282–284, 288–290, 450
- reprisal policy, change from, 217,
222, 223–225restrictions on, 388–389
- resumption of strikes following suspension, 665–668, 669
-
Rolling Thunder
7, 449–450
-
Rolling Thunder
16, 706n
-
Rolling Thunder
17, 706, 708, 712
-
Rolling Thunder
18, 740
-
Rusk’s position, 357–358
-
SNIE cumulative information on,
765–766
- Soviet response, 194, 241, 436,
483
- Soviet-U.K. negotiation initiative and, 344–345
- surprise air attack around the clock (34A operations), 426
- “sustained reprisals” concept, 165–166, 175, 181–185, 206–208
- target selection, 304, 493, 510
-
Taylor’s recommendations, 712–713
-
Taylor’s support for, 16–17, 206–208
- tempo of strikes, 243–244, 251–252, 254,
287, 412–413, 491, 533–534
- Thai position, 302, 303
- time needed to break DRV will,
605–606
- U.S. aircraft lost, 390, 535, 670
- U.S. estimates of consequences, disparities in, 199–201
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam and, 242–243
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 17, 41, 46, 56, 202, 207, 232–233, 244, 252,
263–268,
271, 450, 541
- U.S.-U.K. discussions, 293, 294–295
- U.S. uncertainty re, 457–458, 459–460
- Vietnamese (DRV) international political position
and, 322
- Vietnamese (DRV) response, 240, 254, 421, 459,
482, 483, 507
- hardening of attitudes, 516, 518
- intelligence estimates on, 248, 322–324
- Vietnamese (RVN) political situation and, 16–17, 46–47, 48, 195
- Vietnamese (RVN) popular support, 281
-
Albert, Carl, 63n
, 226, 709n
- Algeria, 646
-
Alphand, Hervé, 335, 728
-
Alsop, Gen., 176
- Americans for Democratic Action (ADA), 517
-
Anderson, H.D., 610
-
Andropov, Yuri, 120
-
ANZUS Treaty, 205
-
Arends, Leslie C., 63n
-
Arnett, Peter, 485
- Australia, 33, 86,
205, 257, 292, 317, 538n
, 566, 598
-
Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 308,
597, 700
-
Ball, George, 10, 152, 203, 223, 262, 278n
,
285n
, 290n
, 313, 316, 325, 331, 355n
, 380n
, 397n
, 442n
, 471n
, 617, 680n
, 691n
, 701, 748, 763n
- air strike suspension, 634, 664
- air strikes against DRV, 38, 193, 199, 579,
580
-
Ball’s paper for
L.B. Johnson, 252–261, 262n
- Chinese response, 254–256, 258
- objectives of, 254, 704n
, 708, 710
- public statements on, 264–265
- Soviet response, 256–257
- tempo of strikes, 243–244, 254
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 244, 263–265, 267–268
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
103–104,
105, 114–115, 121–123
- China, People’s Republic of, 222, 335, 336
-
Khanh government, 104, 110–111, 128–129
- negotiations between belligerents, 337, 422, 544, 663n
, 689
- Soviet-U.K. initiative, 318–319
- U.S.-DRV common objectives, proposed
exploration of, 579, 582–592
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam,
627–628,
652–660,
666, 737
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 156
- reprisal missions, 159, 160, 161, 163, 167, 169, 215, 216, 218, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224
- Soviet response, 188, 197, 215, 221
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 257–261, 265
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 583
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 263–265, 267–268
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 148, 224, 557
-
Barnes, Gen., 533
-
Barrel Roll program. See
U.S. reconnaissance flights
under Laos.
-
Bartlett, Charley, 38
-
Beech, Keyes, 66
- Bien Hoa attack, 17n
-
Binh Dinh Province, 282
-
Binh Gia operation, 9, 29–30, 48
-
Black, Eugene R., 703
-
Blanchard, Gen., 161
-
Blouin, Rear Adm. Francis J., 492n
-
Bo. See
Mai Van Bo
.
-
Boggs, Hale, 63n
, 225n
, 709n
-
Bohlen, Charles E., 105–107, 330, 331, 335, 336, 673–674, 682–683, 686, 687n
, 707
- Bombing of DRV. See
Air strikes against DRV; Reprisal
bombings of DRV.
-
Bowles, Chester B., 620–621
-
Bowman, R. C., 386n
-
Brezhnev, Leonid I., 206, 770
-
Broomfield, William S., 481
-
Brown, Winthrop G., 500
-
Bruce, David K. E., 212–213, 231, 262, 294, 295n
,
341, 362n
, 468, 469, 471–472, 481, 707, 717n
- Buddhists, 146
178, 419, 540, 629n
-
Huong government and,
1, 6, 30, 36, 51, 62, 83–86, 88, 90
-
Khanh government and, 92–93, 94, 102, 108–109, 110, 126,
135–136,
146–147,
236
-
Lodge’s recommendations re, 418–419
- neutralization issue, 2–3
- peace movement, 384, 387, 393,
451, 476–477
- political power, 35–36, 143–145, 235
-
Quat government and, 281, 350, 377, 378
- U.S. direct consultations with, 83–84, 99, 100–101, 104
-
Bui Diem, 695, 714, 715, 716, 761, 762
-
Bui Tuong Huan, 377
-
Bunce, W. Kenneth, 367n
, 606
-
Bunche, Ralph, 366, 369, 372, 507
-
Bundy, McGeorge (see also
Bundy Mission to
Vietnam), 6n
,
10, 34n
, 40n
, 42n
, 49n
, 51, 52, 55n
, 63n
, 86n
, 97n
, 98n
, 103n
, 113n
, 114n
, 118n
, 121n
, 202n
, 229n
, 244n
, 262, 263n
, 267n
, 278n
, 281n
, 290n
, 294n
, 306–307, 316, 325, 341, 363n
, 384, 392n
, 427n
, 442n
, 454n
, 473, 475n
, 482n
, 499–500, 505, 511, 516, 525n
, 529,
544, 561n
, 602n
, 609n
, 635n
, 637n
, 639n
, 652n
, 706n
, 719, 727n
, 744n
, 745n
, 763n
- air strike suspension, 604–605, 634–635, 644–645, 651–652
- air strikes against DRV, 38, 54,
175, 190–191, 195, 239, 402, 420, 446, 469, 507, 510, 517, 725
-
Ball’s paper for
L.B. Johnson, 252, 257–258
- media coverage of, 546–547
- objectives of, 724–725
- planning for future actions, 551–552
- protracted bombing program, 579, 598
- public statements on, 282–284
- reprisal policy, change from, 217, 222, 223
- Buddhists, 178, 83–84
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 604
- cease-fire issue, 238, 507, 620
- China, People’s Republic of, 209, 700–701
- Communist insurgency, 404–405
- Congressional leaders, briefings for, 225
- counterinsurgency, 176–177, 405,
469, 470, 481
-
Huong
government, 10, 83–84
- international forces for Vietnam, 404–405, 509
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 438n
-
Khanh, assessment of, 177–178
-
Khanh government, 89, 137, 151–154
- Laos, U.S. reconnaissance flights over, 447
- negotiations between belligerents:
-
17-nation proposal, 507, 508
- U.S. conditions for entering negotiations, 447–448
- U.S. flexibility issue, 403–404
- U.S.-French discussions, 330–331, 335
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam and, 449
- U.S. statement to Security Council re negotiation policy,
proposed, 337–338
- new programs, Taylor’s protest re, 563, 571
-
NSAM
328, 539
-
NSAM
330, 545–546
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 175, 210
- settlement of conflict in Vietnam:
- outline of possible scenarios, 448–449
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 628, 737
- Sino-Soviet relations, 209
- Southeast Asia Development Association, 515, 518
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 53–54, 116, 138–139, 155
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 556
-
Bien Hoa-Vung
Tau deployment, 553–554
- divisions of troops, introduction of, 509
- force increase to 151,000, 740
-
Johnson’s (L.B.)
position, 562–563
- negotiations between belligerents and, 449
- public statements on, 546–547, 616
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 424
- administrative burden, 4–5
- security for personnel and facilities, 210, 238
- Special Forces, 179–180
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 191, 432
- change of direction, administration debate re, 95–97
- Country Team personnel changes, 37, 403, 447
- leaks to media re, 38, 39
-
Lodge’s review of, 374, 414
-
Mansfield’s assessment of, 208–211
- State of the Union message and, 7–8
- U.K. support for, 468–469, 471, 716–717
- U.S. commitment to RVN, 180–181, 196
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 452–454, 545–546
- U.S.-RVN operations against DRV,
153
- Vietnam (RVN), U.S. efforts to achieve stable
government in, 131, 140–141, 152, 177–179
-
Bundy, William P., 6n
, 40n
, 42n
, 49n
, 52, 55n
, 69n
, 79n
, 97n
, 114n
, 121n
, 128n
, 141, 148n
, 158, 202n
, 214, 222, 223, 243n
, 263n
, 267n
, 275, 290n
, 294n
, 314, 325, 342n
,
355n
, 361n
, 367n
, 376n
, 386n
, 390n
, 449n
, 470n
, 473n
, 492n
, 506n
, 511n
, 528, 629n
, 634n
, 635n
,
637n
, 639n
, 652n
, 680n
, 691n
, 698n
, 701, 737, 739, 744n
, 745n
, 763n
- air strikes against DRV, 287, 293, 491, 578
-
Bundy Mission
to Vietnam, 150–152
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 572,
731
- cease-fire issue, 285, 729–730
- Chinese intervention in Vietnam, possible, 729
- Communist insurgency:
- “cessation of infiltration” issue, 398–399
- government status, possible claim to, 731
- consultations with Country Team, proposed, 367–369, 375, 385–386
- Honolulu conference, 573
- international forces for Vietnam, 33
-
Johnson (U.A.) meeting
with, 442–446
-
Khanh government, 151–152
- media coverage of Vietnam, 443
- negotiations between belligerents, 32,
49, 463,
465
- Chinese-French discussions, 352, 353–355
- Soviet-U.K. initiative, 316–317
- U.S. conditions for entering negotiations, 397–399, 462, 464–465
- U.S.-DRV direct talks, possible, 689–690, 728–729
- U.S. initiative issue, 295–297
- U.S. “sequence of actions” strategy, 460–465, 525–527
- Vietnamese (DRV)-French discussions, 352–353
- Vietnamese (RVN) policy, 730–731
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 627, 628
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 160, 161, 170
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 278–280, 317
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 33, 86, 155, 463, 491,
524–525
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 30–33, 292, 374, 444
- U.S.-RVN operations against DRV,
8, 9
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam, 24, 99, 123n
, 124
- agenda for discussions, 114–115, 121–123
-
Bundy’s press briefing,
173–174
-
Bundy’s reports, 150–152, 155, 174–181, 194,
195
- meetings with Khanh, 141, 149, 153–154, 194
- meetings with U.S. personnel, 133–140
- Mission report, 181–185
- timing of, 99–100, 103–104, 105
-
Burchinal, Gen. David A., 6n
, 164
-
Busby, Horace, 63n
-
Byroade, Henry A., 687n
- Cambodia, 32, 426,
478, 542, 619
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 572, 604, 611, 619, 639, 647, 663, 666, 673–674, 731
-
Cam Ranh Bay naval base, 419–420
- Canada, 257, 292,
296, 317, 596–597, 617n
-
Cang, Adm. See
Chung Tan Cang, Adm.
-
Cao Dai, 416
-
Cao Van Vien, 50, 56n
, 61, 77, 138, 202n
, 281
-
Huong government, 1–4, 6n
-
Khanh government, 92, 236
-
Quat government, 266, 340
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 57, 69, 78n
, 88n
-
Caradon, Lord, 370
-
Carroll, Gen. Joseph F., 592n
, 763n
-
Carter, Lt. Gen. Marshall S., 159, 162, 170, 171, 225, 325, 512, 763n
-
Carver, George A., Jr., 9n
, 627
-
Cater, Douglass, 63n
- Catholics, 102, 235, 419, 476, 636
- Cease-fire issue:
- definitions of “cease-fire,” 285–286
-
Mansfield’s proposal, 227, 238
- Radhakrishnan initiative, 620–621, 647,
673, 682, 729–730
-
Thant’s proposal, 507, 519–520
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (see also
McCone, John
A.
; Raborn, William F., Jr.;
Special National Intelligence Estimates), 613n
, 694
-
Huong government, coup
against, 89–90
-
Khanh’s ouster from military, 345–346
-
Kosygin visit to DRV, 118–121
- U.S. covert political activities in Vietnam, 494–497, 499
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, assessment of options and objectives, 749–751
-
Chen Yi, 106, 352, 354, 700, 729
-
Chiang Ching Kuo, 498
-
Chiang Kai-shek, 300
- China, People’s Republic of, 31, 82, 425, 498, 620, 663, 709
- air strikes against DRV, response to (see
Chinese response under Air
strikes against DRV
)
-
Eisenhower’s views on, 300–301, 305
- expansionist policies, 335–336
- general war with U.S., possible, 534–535
- intervention in Vietnam, possible (see also
Chinese response under Air strikes against
DRV), 204, 209, 222–223, 224,
255, 305, 605
-
Humphrey’s assessment of, 312–313
- intelligence estimates on, 768–769
- message to U.S. re, 700–701, 729
- negotiations between belligerents, 105, 106, 560
- Chinese-French discussions, 332, 352, 353–355
- Chinese policy, 359–361, 673
- reprisal bombings of DRV and, 321–322
- Sino-Soviet relations, 203–204, 209,
215, 221, 385, 771
- Soviet-DRV relations and, 245, 483
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, response to, 594–596
- China, Republic of, 257, 292
-
Chou En-lai, 106, 700
-
Chung Tan Cang, Adm., 2, 107, 138, 153, 346, 549
-
Church, Frank, 515, 524–525
-
CINCPAC. See
Sharp, Adm. Ulysses
S.G.
-
Clark, Joseph S., 599
-
Cleland, Lt. Col. John R.D., 532n
-
Cleveland, J. Harlan, 269n
, 279, 285–286, 295n
, 369
-
Clifford, Clark M., 672
-
Cline, Ray S., 420–422
-
Co. See
Nguyen Huu Co, Gen.
-
Colby, William E., 10,
160, 163, 172
- Communist insurgency, 17n
, 86, 146, 277, 373, 383, 540, 498, 723, 731
-
Bundy Mission meeting on,
139–140
- casualties, 66, 581
- “cessation of infiltration” issue, 398–399
- Communist supply ship for, 326n
, 342,
343, 345, 350
- escalation, U.S. contingency planning for, 404–405
- force strength, 66, 394, 459,
484, 747n
- infiltration from DRV, 68, 409–410
- large-scale invasion of RVN, possible, 766–767
- military weight of infiltration, 275–276
- northward movement of troops, 607–608
- periodic reports on, 51, 86, 282, 350, 452,
475, 540–541, 549, 612,
633, 685, 703
- Pleiku attack, 156, 160, 167,
204, 209, 210
- prospects for 1965, 81–82, 400–401
- Qui Nhon attack, 212, 214, 215
- successes of, 13–14, 400–401
- summer campaign, 722, 733–735, 754–755, 757–758
- U.S. Country Team assessment of, 721–724
- U.S. Embassy building, attack on, 494,
540
- Vietnamese (DRV) support for, 223, 381–382
- Conein, Col. Lucien, 37
- Congress, U.S., 481, 599, 703
- administration briefings for leaders, 63–69, 224, 225–226, 485–486, 709
-
Taylor’s testimony to, 515, 518
- U.S. Embassy building in Saigon, 612–613
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, Congressional authorization re,
515, 524–525, 743–744, 751–754, 757, 759
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, funding for, 617–618
-
Cooper, Chester L., 9, 42n
, 49n
, 52,
69n
, 79n
, 214, 228, 325, 357n
,
367n
, 382, 384–388, 392n
, 397n
, 449n
,
516, 518, 544, 572
- air strikes against DRV, 52,
434
- Buddhists, 35–36
-
Bundy Mission
to Vietnam, 124, 133, 134, 137, 139,
174
- counterinsurgency operations, 34–35
-
Huong government, 84–86
- negotiations between belligerents, 685–688
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 35, 52, 53, 86
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 424–426, 434–435
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 374, 432–435
-
Cooper Report, 382
-
Corcoran, Thomas J., 338n
, 339n
- Counterinsurgency operations (see also
International forces for Vietnam; U.S. ground forces in Vietnam), 210, 301, 619, 699, 703
-
Binh Gia operation, 9, 29–30, 48
-
Bundy Mission meeting on,
139–140
-
Bundy’s (W.) consultations
with Country Team, proposed, 367–369, 375,
385–386
- casualties, 66, 581
- cleared areas, 176–177
- collapse of RVN war effort, possible, 396–397, 405, 465–466, 734–735
- counter-subversion-terrorism program, proposed, 415–416
- gas warfare, 469, 470, 471–472, 479,
481–482,
484, 485, 515, 548
- guerrilla warfare issue, 680–682
-
Hop Tac program, 14, 417–418
- intensification of, 262, 263, 270,
356
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission
study of, 395–396, 408–411, 439
-
Lodge’s recommendations, 415–418
-
McNaughton’s recommendations, 390–392
- periodic reports on, 86, 282, 350,
452, 475, 549, 612
- security for population, failure to achieve, 14, 408–411
- successes of, 47–48, 176
- U.S. Country Team assessment of, 721–724
- U.S. involvement in planning, 34–35, 41, 47
-
Couve de Murville, Maurice, 330–336, 343, 344, 352, 354, 370
-
Cutler, Lloyd, 627
-
Dang Duc Khoi, 700
-
Danilov, Anatoliy, 458
- Davis, Richard, 148n
-
De Gaulle, Charles, 274, 300, 332, 333, 334–335
-
Denholm, Gen. D. J., 763n
-
Denney, George C., Jr., 91–93, 558–560
-
De Puy, Gen. William E., 490n
, 533
-
De Silva, Peer, 133, 136, 137, 139, 140, 444, 445, 494, 498
-
Devilliers, Philippe, 686
-
Diefenbaker, John G., 468
-
Dillon, C. Douglas, 158,
162, 168, 170, 193, 214, 216, 220, 222, 224, 325
-
Dinh Trinh Chinh, 684n
-
Dirkson, Everett M., 66,
68, 191, 192, 196, 197, 213
-
Do. See
Tran Van
Do.
-
Dobrynin, Anatoliy F., 172–173, 189, 219, 272–275, 436, 483, 636, 639–640
-
Dodd, Thomas, 392n
-
Dong. See
Pham Van
Dong.
-
Dong, Col., 236
-
Dong, Gen. See
Pham
Van Dong, Gen.
-
Ehrlich, Thomas, 628
-
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 63,
298–308, 668n
, 726
-
Erhard, Ludwig, 718
-
Evans, Allan, 763n
-
Federenko, Nikolai, 647
-
Firyubin, Nikolai, 647–651
-
Flott, Frederick W., 153,
154
-
Ford, Gerald R., 68, 168, 170, 189, 190, 191, 196, 197
-
Forrestal, Michael V., 6n
, 9, 10, 30
-
Forster, Oliver G., 313,
343
- France, 231, 257,
292, 300, 597, 617n
- Chinese-French discussions, 227, 332, 352,
353–355,
385
- U.S.-French discussions, 330–336
- Vietnamese (DRV)-French discussions, 105–107, 352–355, 673, 682–683
-
Friedman, Allen, 285n
, 532n
-
Fulbright, J. William, 38,
225, 515, 599, 666, 667, 749
- Gas warfare, 469, 470, 471–472, 479, 481–482, 484, 485, 515, 548
-
Gaud, William S., 442n
, 515, 545
- Geneva Accords of 1954, 73
- Germany, Federal Republic of, 292, 596–597, 718
-
Giap. See
Vo Nguyen
Giap, Gen.
-
Givan, Walker, 760n
-
Goldwater, Barry, 309,
310, 334
-
Goodpaster, Lt. Gen. Andrew J., 190, 197, 204, 298, 374, 668n
-
Gordon, Kermit, 453
-
Grant, Lindsey, 729
-
Green, Marshall, 148n
, 287, 397n
, 422–424, 524, 525n
-
Greene, Gen. Wallace M., Jr., 553
-
Greenfield, James L., 288–290, 450n
, 546n
, 547n
, 606
-
Gromyko, Andrei, 120,
390, 663n
, 664–665, 667
-
Gruening, Ernest, 599
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 306, 753–754n
-
Hand, Lloyd, 471
-
Hannah, Norman, 533
-
Harlech, Lord, 229, 313–315, 343–345, 362n
-
Harriman, W. Averell, 505–506, 680n
-
Harris, Gen., 733n
-
Heintz, Adm., 533
-
Helms, Richard N., 196,
482n
, 495–497
741
-
Henry, David H., 197n
-
Herfurt, Jack A., 133,
138, 139
-
Hoa Hao, 134, 416
- Hoang Ho, 719
-
Ho Chi Minh, 81, 82, 287, 558–559, 560, 605, 646, 654
-
Ho Giac, 102, 108, 393
- Honolulu conference, 571, 572–577
-
Hopson, Donald Charles, 700, 701, 729
-
Horton, Frank, 481
-
Hughes, Thomas L., 199–200, 309n
, 322n
, 323n
, 383n
, 572, 592n
-
Humphrey, Brig. Gen., 568
-
Humphrey, Hubert H., 63n
, 226, 325, 436, 709n
- Chinese intervention in Vietnam, possible, 312–313
- domestic consequences of U.S. policy in Vietnam, 309–312
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 215, 218, 221
-
Huong. See
Tran Van
Huong.
-
Huong government, 15, 236
- Buddhists and, 1, 6, 30, 36, 51, 62, 83–86, 88, 90
- coup against, 89–95, 144
-
Khanh-Buddhist alliance against, 85, 88
- military threat to, 1–4, 6–7, 10, 29, 30
- military’s reconciliation with, 50–51, 60–62
-
Huynh Van Cao, Gen., 107,
124–126, 476
-
Huynh Van Ton, Col., 340
- India, 32, 231,
257, 278n
, 292, 296, 317, 597, 617n
- Indonesia, 257
- International Control Commission (ICC),
327
- International forces for Vietnam, 9, 33, 404–405
- Australian troops, 598, 603, 610,
619
- Honolulu conference discussions, 573,
575
- International Mobile Security Task Force, 576
- Korean troops, 386, 467, 500,
509, 603, 610
- New Zealand troops, 603, 610
- U.S. discussions with Allies re, 538
- U.S. policy, Taylor’s confusion re, 564–567
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 603, 610
- Vietnamese (RVN) approval of, 610, 611–612
- Italy, 292, 596–597
- Japan, 32, 257,
292
-
Johnson, Adm., 733n
-
Johnson, Gen. Harold, 390, 553, 746
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 12, 19, 21, 23, 25, 29, 39, 50, 67, 103n
, 130, 189, 262, 278n
, 210, 262, 281, 317n
, 325–326, 355n
,
380n
, 392n
, 446n
, 454n
, 473, 475, 484–485, 506n
, 511, 512, 538, 549, 554, 571, 609n
, 652n
, 718, 719n
, 729
- air strike suspension, 604, 644, 651
- air strikes against DRV, 38, 130, 190, 191,
239, 290–291, 402, 436,
517, 535n
, 724
-
Ball’s paper for
re, 252, 262n
- decision to undertake strikes, 202, 262
- escalation of strikes, 521,
613, 614, 621
- financing and personnel for, 190, 197
- Hanoi bombing, possible, 709,
725
- information program re, 580–581
- media coverage of, 546–547
- Presidential prerogative in initiating strikes, 41, 191, 197
- protracted bombing program, 580–581, 598, 613, 614
- public statements on, 282,
284n
- resumption of strikes following suspension, 665–668
-
Rolling Thunder
17, 708
- target selection, 187, 667, 694, 706
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 41, 202
- U.S.-U.K. discussions, 293,
294n
- Vietnamese (RVN) political situation and,
195
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
122, 149, 174
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 604,
611
- Chinese intervention in Vietnam, possible, 223, 700–701
- Communist insurgency, 373, 494
- Congressional leaders, briefings for, 63–69, 224, 225, 226, 485–486, 709
- counterinsurgency operations, 41, 470, 471,
481–482,
485, 548
-
Eisenhower’s meeting with, 298–308
-
Huong government, 83, 89
-
Johns Hopkins University speech, 543–544
- leaks to media, concerns about, 63,
67, 217,
262
- negotiations between belligerents, 318, 327, 337, 544, 663n
, 685, 758
- U.S.-DRV common objectives, proposed
exploration of, 582, 599
- U.S.-French discussions, 330–336
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 627–628
-
Quat government, 451, 580, 618, 632,
701
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 38, 41, 189
- decision to undertake, 40, 156, 157, 160
- Mansfield’s position, 226,
237
- public statements on, 169,
219–220
- reprisal missions, 158–160, 161, 162, 163, 164n
, 167, 168, 170, 171, 172, 188, 217, 218, 219–220, 222, 223
- Southeast Asia Development Association, 543, 703
- Special National Intelligence Estimates, 244n
, 763
-
Stewart’s meeting with, 471–472
- U.S. covert political activities in Vietnam, 494, 538
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 38, 40, 53, 64, 68, 104, 155,
157, 197
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 213,
538, 556, 562–563, 599, 672, 741
-
Bien Hoa-Vung
Tau deployment, 553–554, 616
- Congressional authorization issue, 515, 751, 757
- force increase to 82,000, 602
- force increase to 95,000, 745–749
- force increase to 151,000, 737, 739, 740, 746, 759
- public statements on, 546–547, 616
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 4,
42, 223,
617–618
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 7, 95, 131, 192, 262,
292, 309, 599
- Congressional leaders, administration briefings for, 63–69,
224, 225, 226, 485–486, 709
- Country Team personnel changes, 37, 38
- leaks to media re, 63, 67
-
Lodge’s review of, 374, 414
-
Mansfield’s assessment of, 203, 208, 477, 547–548
- speech on, 543–544
- U.K. support for, 229–232, 468, 471–472, 557, 716
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 304, 363
- Vietnam, Republic of, 382, 393,
- stable government, U.S. efforts re, 130–131
-
Wilson’s phone conversation with,
229–232
- working style, Bruce’s description of, 212–213
-
Johnson, Robert H., 49–50
-
Johnson, U. Alexis, 19,
23, 43, 101n
, 202n
, 350n
, 492, 541, 572, 600, 609, 612, 630, 695, 714, 715n
, 732n
- air strike suspension, 636
- air strikes against DRV, 139, 445–446, 704,
745n
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
133–140,
154
-
Bundy (W.) meeting with,
442–446
- Communist insurgency, 81–82, 212, 494
-
Huong government, 1–4, 6n
, 50, 62
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 443, 444
-
Khanh government, 89, 90, 91, 107, 124–125, 135, 137
- negotiations between belligerents, 462, 501, 674–676
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 628, 676–679
-
Quat government, 719, 761,
762
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 75, 161
- U.S. Country Team personnel changes, 403, 743
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 57, 88n
, 138, 139
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 444,
569–570,
774
- Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 80–83
- Vietnam, Republic of, 444, 570–571
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 634
- air strikes against DRV, 426, 598, 640
- Communist insurgency, 754–755
- counterinsurgency operations, 465–466
- negotiations between belligerents, 440–442
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 111–113, 217
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 5–6
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 347,
465–467,
492–493,
603, 733, 754–756, 759
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 98n
, 405–407, 425, 426,
679–680
-
Jorden, William, 382
-
Judd, Tom, 471
-
Karch, Brig. Gen. Frederick J., 351, 413
-
Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 751–754, 759
-
Kennan, George, 585
-
Kennedy, Robert F., 666
-
Kent, Robert, 718n
-
Khanh. See
Nguyen
Khanh, Gen.
-
Khanh government:
- Buddhists and, 92–93, 94, 102, 108–109, 110,
126, 135–136, 146–147, 236
-
Bundy Mission meeting on,
133–138
- formation of new government, 101–102, 107–108, 109–110, 124–125, 153–154, 236
- military, relations with, 90,
92, 125, 127, 133–134, 137, 146
- neutralist orientation, possible, 93, 94, 124–126, 127, 128n
, 137
- takeover of power in coup, 89–95, 144
- U.S. policy re, 42–43, 104, 109, 110–111, 126–129, 134–138, 142–143, 151–152
-
Khiem. See
Tran Thien Khiem.
- Khrushchev, Nikita S., 81
-
Killen, James S., 20, 38, 136, 139, 179, 444,
543, 550
-
Klaus, Josef, 664
-
Kleiman, Robert, 443n
-
Kohler, Foy D., 206, 256,
390, 484, 636, 637, 647–651, 660–661, 662–663
-
Komer, Robert, 118n
- Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of, 215, 216, 221
- Korea, Republic of, 257, 292, 566
- Korean War, 300, 307–308, 310, 752
-
Kornienko, 649,
650
-
Kosygin, Alexei N., 170, 198, 303, 314,
385, 572, 770
- Korea (DPRK), visit to, 215, 216, 221
- Vietnam (DRV), visit to, 118–121, 130, 148, 188, 189, 195, 203
-
Kraft, Joe, 608
-
Krulak, Gen. Victor H., 733n
-
Kuchel, Thomas H., 63n
, 225
-
Kusterer, Herman, 718
-
Ky. See
Nguyen Cao Ky, Air Vice
Marshal.
-
Laird, Melvin R., 63n
-
Lam Van Phat, Gen., 328, 329, 340, 349–350
-
Lam Van Tri, 684n
-
Lansdale, Maj. Gen. Edward
G., 37, 392n
- Laos, 8, 31,
32, 33,
56, 65,
81, 273,
292
- air strikes against DRV and, 73–74
- international supervision of, 501–502
- negotiations re Vietnam and, 440–441
- U.S. reconnaissance flights, 12, 60n
, 67, 425, 447
-
Lapin, Sergei G., 313, 344
-
Le Duan, 81, 572
-
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman, 707
-
Lennartson, 164
-
Le Nguyen Khang, Cmdr., 125, 138
-
Le Van Hoach, 124, 129
-
Le Van Thu, 719
-
Lincoln, Abraham, 302
-
Lindley, Ernest K., 383n
-
Lindsay, John V., 481
-
Linh Quang Vien, Gen., 138
-
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 283, 334,
374, 598, 631, 743
- Buddhists, proposed consultations with, 83–84,
99, 100–101, 104
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, review of, 374, 387, 414–420
- Vietnam visit, 601, 619
-
Long, Russell B., 66, 67, 709
-
Lucet, Charles, 331, 682,
683
-
Luong Trong Tuong, 134, 154
-
Macapagal, Disodado, 598
-
MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 213
-
MacArthur, Douglas, II,
524
-
MacLeish, Rod, 458
-
Mahon, George, 224, 226
-
Mai Van Bo, 105, 106,
352–353,
673, 682, 686, 687
- Malaysia, 205, 230, 231, 257, 292
-
Manfull, Melvin L., 101n
, 137, 270, 695, 716n
, 761
-
Mann, Thomas, 380n
-
Mansfield, Mike, 63n
, 162,
171, 196, 213, 224, 226, 227, 479
- air strike suspension, 666,
667
- air strikes against DRV, 709,
725–727
- China, People’s Republic of, 203–204, 709
- negotiations between belligerents, 227, 479–480
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 157,
159, 167, 169, 170, 171, 172, 226–227, 237
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 479, 605, 741–744
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 203–206, 208, 477–481, 547, 743
-
Martin, Graham A., 75, 302–303, 412
-
Mathias, Charles McC., Jr., 481
-
Matthews, H. Freeman, Jr., 490n
, 528, 533
-
McClendon, Gordon, 663
-
McCloskey, Robert J., 738
-
McCloy, John, 748
-
McCone, John
A., 63n
, 65, 86n
, 149n
, 220n
, 221, 299,
485, 511, 518, 592n
, 613n
- air strikes against DRV, 130, 193, 195–196, 581
- Chinese response, 130, 482, 483
- Communist overall response, 436–437
- escalation of strikes, 521–524, 608, 613–615
- protracted bombing program, 579–580, 597–600, 608, 613–615
- reprisal policy, change from, 223–224, 225
- U.S. uncertainty re, 457–458, 459–460
- Vietnamese (DRV) response, 459, 482, 483, 516, 518
- China, People’s Republic of, 221, 223, 224, 498
- Communist insurgency, 373,
459, 498, 607–608
- negotiations between belligerents, 359, 517
-
NSAM
328, 537
-
NSAM
330, 545
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 217, 220, 221–222
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 9–10, 373
- Soviet-DRV relations, 130, 483
- Soviet Union, 221, 458
- U.S. covert political activities in Vietnam, 494–495, 498, 499, 513, 519
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 513–514, 517, 522, 599
- U.S. personnel and facilities in Vietnam, security for,
196, 223
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 191,
374
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 10, 513, 545
- Vietnam (RVN), U.S. efforts to achieve
stable government in, 130–132, 140
-
McConnell, Gen. John P., 553
-
McCormack, John W., 63n
, 159, 162, 170, 196,
224, 226, 709n
-
McDonald, Adm. David L., 214, 217,
222, 225–226, 553
-
McGovern, George, 747
-
McNamara, Robert S., 6n
, 10, 40n
, 49n
, 53,
55n
, 65, 66, 69n
, 86n
, 91n
, 97n
, 103n
, 262, 278n
, 307,
326, 355n
, 373,
380n
, 427n
, 442n
, 446n
, 473, 485,
512, 546n
, 561n
, 615n
, 621,
629, 634n
, 635,
636n
, 652n
, 701, 719,
744n
- air strikes against DRV, 197, 222, 240, 283, 303, 402, 459, 484, 534, 580, 605
-
Ball’s paper for
L.B. Johnson, 252, 257–258
- effects of strikes, 535, 670
- protracted bombing program, 578–579, 580, 598
- resumption of strikes following suspension, 665–668
-
Rolling Thunder
17, 708
-
Rolling Thunder
18, 740
- target selection, 187, 193–194, 667–668, 693, 694, 706–707
- U.S. uncertainty re, 459–460
- Communist insurgency, 68, 223
- escalation, U.S. contingency planning for, 404–405
- force strength, 66, 459, 484
- Summer campaign, 754, 758
- Congressional leaders, briefings for, 65–66, 67, 68, 224, 225
- Honolulu conference, 573, 574–577
- international forces for Vietnam, 404–405, 509
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 395, 438n
- negotiations between belligerents, 318–319, 403–404, 440
-
NSAM
328, 537
-
NSAM
330, 545
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 628
-
Quat government, 580
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 111, 156
- reprisal missions, 158, 160, 161, 162, 167, 169, 170, 188, 214, 215, 216, 217–218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224
- target selection, 218, 219, 222
-
VNAF involvement, 215, 218
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 66,
494, 740
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 5, 67, 168, 171, 191
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 465,
500, 599
- Bien Hoa-Vung Tau deployment, 553–554
- divisions of troops, introduction of, 493, 509
- force increase to 70,000,
737
- force increase to 82,000, 602
- force increase to 95,000, 746–748
- force increase to 151,000, 739, 740, 746, 754, 758–759
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 5,
42, 223,
405, 618, 679
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 7–8, 37, 38, 95–97, 194, 403
- Congressional leaders, Administration briefings for, 65–66,
67, 68, 224, 225
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 545
- U.S.-RVN operations against DRV,
67, 533
-
McNaughton, John T., 5n
, 6n
, 7n
,
8, 42n
, 49n
, 52, 79n
, 91n
, 114n
, 164, 214, 325, 367n
, 442n
, 449n
, 511n
, 525n
, 561n
, 573, 578n
, 597n
, 605n
, 615n
, 634
- air strikes against DRV, 165–166, 428–430
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
124, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138–139, 153
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 396, 438n
- recommendations for actions in Vietnam, 390–392, 427–432
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 165–166
-
Meade, Frazier, 313
- Media coverage of Vietnam, 4n
, 66, 134, 443, 474, 484, 485, 632
- air strikes against DRV, 546–547
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 606–607, 738
-
Meeker, Leonard C., 280n
, 746
-
Menzies, Sir Robert Gordon, 634
-
Metaxis, Col.Theodore C., 134
-
Miller, Robert H., 139
-
Milton, Gen., 533
-
Minh. See
Tran Van Minh, Gen.
- Montagnards, 401, 455, 456, 496, 499
-
Montague, Lt. Col. Robert M., 490n
-
Moore, Gen. Joseph H., 101
-
Morse, F. Bradford, 481
-
Morse, Wayne, 37, 599
-
Moyers, Bill D., 63n
, 158n
, 163, 220, 283, 309n
, 627, 685, 745n
, 763n
-
Mustin, Adm. Lloyd M., 161, 598
-
Nakayama, Riri, 419
- Napalm attacks, 425–426
-
Narasimhan, C. V., 647
-
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 620
- National Security Action Memoranda:
- National Security Council (NSC) meetings:
- Negotiations between belligerents (see also
Air strike suspension; cease-fire issue; Security
Council initiative re negotiations), 303, 358, 385
- Chinese-French discussions, 332, 352, 353–355
- Chinese policy, 359–361, 673
-
Eisenhower’s position, 301–302, 306
-
Green’s position, 422–424
-
JCS position, 440–442
-
Mansfield’s position, 479–480
- 17-nation proposal, 507, 508, 514,
517, 519–520, 529, 544,
560
- Soviet policy, 336, 436, 593
- Soviet proposal, 660–663, 665
- Soviet-U.K. initiative, 227, 313–320, 342, 344–345
- “tacit negotiation” approach, 423,
431
-
Taylor’s position, 74–75, 412
-
Thant’s efforts re, 337, 369–372
- trade-off of concessions, 504, 508
- U.N. as place for launching negotiations, 49
- U.S. cautionary approach, 326–327
- U.S. conditions for entering negotiations, 397–399, 447–448, 462, 464–465
- U.S. dishonesty re, alleged, 365–367, 371–372, 385
- U.S.-DRV common objectives, proposed exploration
of, 579, 582–592, 599
- U.S.-DRV contacts re, 691–693
- U.S.-DRV direct talks, possible, 673–674, 685–690, 728–729
- U.S. flexibility issue, 403–404
- U.S.-French discussions, 330–336
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam and, 449, 463
- U.S. information policy re, 758
- U.S. initiative issue, 295–297
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 465, 530, 550, 685,
695–698
- U.S. “sequence of actions” strategy, 460–465, 501–504, 525–527
- U.S. statement to Security Council re negotiation policy,
proposed, 337–338
- Viet Cong representation, 646–647
- Vietnamese direct talks, possible, 32,
424
- Vietnamese nationalism and, 424–425
- Vietmanese (DRV)-French discussions, 105–107, 352–355, 673, 682–683
- Vietnamese (DRV) policy, 359–361, 365–367, 369–372, 423, 544–545, 558–560, 586,
674–675,
682–683,
732
- Vietnamese (RVN) policy, 675–676, 730–731
-
Nehru, Jawaharlal, 300
- New Zealand, 33, 205, 257, 292, 317, 538, 566
-
Ngo Dinh Diem, 144, 300
-
Nguyen Cao Ky, Air Vice Marshal, 61, 90, 93,
101, 128n
, 133, 138, 346, 373, 476
-
Nguyen Chanh Thi, Gen., 51, 90, 93,
340, 346, 373, 393, 413, 451, 476, 570, 715
-
Nguyen Chi Thanh, 81
-
Nguyen Huu Co, Gen., 134, 135, 138, 346, 452, 685
-
Nguyen Khanh, Gen. (see
also
Khanh government), 15, 48, 56n
, 109, 128n
, 153, 270, 281, 306, 307, 374, 377n
, 499
- anti-American demonstrations in RVN, 102–103
- air strikes against DRV, 46, 207, 271
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
141, 149, 153–154, 177–178, 194
- departure from RVN, 350, 393
-
Huong government:
- coup against, 89–95
-
Khanh-Buddhist alliance against, 85, 88
- military’s reconciliation with, 50–51, 61–62
- military threat to, 1, 2–3, 7
- ouster from military, 340–341, 345–346, 350
-
Quat government, 266, 272,
328, 329, 338–339, 340
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 77, 272
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 88n
, 109
-
Nguyen Trung Trinh, 684n
, 732
-
Nguyen Van Binh, Archbishop, 102, 154
-
Nguyen Van Thieu, Gen., 61, 77, 88n
, 90, 135–136, 138, 236, 270, 341, 476, 542, 609, 633n
-
Nguyen Xuan Oanh, 1, 2, 110, 207, 266, 270
-
Nixon, Richard M., 334
-
Nkrumah, Kwame, 620
- Nuclear testing, 306
- Nuclear weapons, 255, 305, 307, 311
-
Oanh. See
Nguyen Xuan
Oanh.
-
O’Brien, Lawrence, 63n
, 225n
, 709n
-
Obst, Harry, 718
- Pakistan, 292, 597
-
Palmas, Archbishop, 760
-
Paul VI, Pope, 760
-
Pearson, Lester, 634
-
Peers, Gen., 562
-
Pell, Claiborne, 728
-
Pham Dang Lam, 61
-
Pham Ngoc Thao, Lt. Col., 339, 684
-
Pham Quan Dan, 236
-
Pham Van Dong, 81, 119, 544, 558–559
-
Pham Van Dong, Gen., 51,
91, 125, 126n
, 133, 135, 137, 138, 340, 346, 378
-
Phan Huy Quat (see
also
Quat government), 350n
, 384,
610, 611
- air strike suspension, 236, 396, 542,
629n
, 630–631, 633, 636n
- air strikes against DRV, 450, 541, 669
- negotiations between belligerents, 550, 685, 695–698
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 600–601, 609, 633
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 376,
541–542,
600, 602–603, 609–610, 611–612
-
Phan Khac Suu, 3, 50, 78–79, 85, 92, 110, 153, 281, 684, 702, 714, 715, 716n
, 719–720, 740
-
Phan Quang Tuoc, 3, 125, 137
- Phase II program of military pressure on DRV. See Air strikes against DRV.
-
Phat, Gen. See
Lam
Van Phat, Gen.
- Philippines, 33, 257, 292
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam. See
under Settlement of conflict in Vietnam.
- Pleiku attack, 156, 160, 167, 204, 209, 210
-
Procter, Carolyn J., 366n
, 524n
-
Quang, Gen., 346
-
Quang Lien, 393, 451, 476
-
Quat. See
Phan Huy
Quat.
-
Quat government, 272,
281, 384, 580, 611
- Buddhists and, 281, 350, 377,
378
- Cabinet reorganization, 618, 684, 701–702, 714n
- Catholics and, 329, 378–379, 716, 719,
721, 760–761
- constitutional crisis, 701–702, 714–716, 719–720, 740
- coup attempts against, 328, 329, 338–341, 349–350, 362,
684
- formation of new government, 266–267
- governing of country, 451, 475–476, 540
- military, relations with, 379, 384, 549–550, 618,
632–633,
684–685,
720
- military takeover of, 761, 762
- “national union” government, 377–379
- peace movement and, 393–394, 451
- press criticism of, 618–619
- U.S. Country Team assessment of, 719–721
-
Qui Nhon attack, 212,
214, 215
-
Raborn, William F., Jr., 578, 592n
,
599, 607, 613n
, 634n
, 701, 719, 747n
, 748, 763
-
Radhakrishnan, Sir Sarvepalli, 620
-
Radhakrishnan initiative, 620–621, 647, 673, 682, 729–730
-
Rafferty, James F., 386
-
Read, Benjamin, 285n
, 544, 547n
-
Reedy, George, 63n
, 123n
, 158, 163, 167, 174n
, 357n
, 709n
, 745n
- Reprisal bombings of DRV, 11,
34, 38, 48, 302
- Chinese response, intelligence estimate on, 321–322
- decision to undertake, 40, 155–160
- graduated reprisals. See Sustained
reprisals below.
-
JCS position, 111–113
-
Mansfield’s position, 159, 172, 226–227, 237–238
- Phase II program of air strikes, change to, 217, 222, 223–225
- public statements on, 44–45, 59–60, 162, 163, 164,
169, 219–220, 237
- reprisal missions, 156, 158–164, 166–172, 188, 214–226, 236–237
- Soviet response, 159, 172–173, 188, 189,
197–199,
215, 216–217, 219, 221,
272–273
- sustained reprisals, 165–166, 175,
181–185,
206–208
- target selection, 56, 218, 219,
222
-
Taylor’s position, 17–19
- time between provocation and retaliation, 46, 56, 59
- U.S. dependent evacuation and, 18, 20, 45, 52, 156–157, 159,
160, 162, 163
- U.S.-RVN coordination, 41, 75–77, 210
-
VNAF involvement, 115–116, 215, 218,
221
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), 22,
109, 146, 373, 476
- combined U.S.-RVN command authority, proposed, 679–680
- command changes, 476, 549–550, 633
- desertions, 739–740
- food distribution program, 562, 568–569, 577
- force strength, 51, 66, 117, 549, 609
- intelligence operations, 9–10
- internal improvements, 600–601
-
Khanh’s ouster, 340–341, 345–346, 350
- political power of military leadership, 143–144, 145–146, 235
- Popular Forces, 445, 493–494
- recruiting program, 561–562, 568,
576
- U.S. forces integrated into ARVN
battalions, 561, 562, 568, 573, 576,
619
-
Reston, James “Scotty,” 291n
-
Rivers, Mendel, 224, 225–226
-
Rockefeller, Nelson, 334
-
Rogers, Col. Jack A., 124, 133, 139
-
Rolling Thunder bombings. See Air strikes against DRV.
-
Roosevelt, Archie, 458
-
Rosenthal, James D., 154
-
Rostow, Walt, 275–278, 680–682
-
Rowan, Carl, 158, 163, 171, 214, 220, 222, 304, 325, 470n
, 515, 518
- gas warfare, 482, 484, 485
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 395, 396
-
NSAM
330
, 545–546
- rural population of RVN, attitudes of, 382–383
- U.S. Embassy building in Saigon, 453
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 363–365, 452–454, 545–546
- U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam, psychological effect of, 191n
-
Rusk, Dean, 10, 37, 40n
, 49n
, 53, 65, 86n
, 95n
, 99, 285n
, 290n
, 336n
, 349n
, 356, 359n
, 373, 380n
, 383n
, 386n
, 442n
, 446n
, 470n
, 471n
, 473, 507n
, 511, 512, 543, 561n
, 563, 581n
, 621, 706n
, 740
- air strike suspension, 634
- air strikes against DRV, 38, 56, 402, 483, 546, 551
- escalation of strikes, 473–474, 608
- initiation of, 342–343, 361–362
- objectives of, 704–706
- protracted bombing program, 579, 580, 581, 598, 608
- public statements on, 283,
284, 288, 450
-
Rolling Thunder
7, 449–450
-
Rusk’s position,
357–358
- Soviet-U.K. negotiation initiative and, 344–345
- target selection, 668n
, 694, 744–745
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 56, 450
- U.S.-U.K. discussions, 294–295
- U.S. uncertainty re, 457–458
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 666
- cease-fire issue, 519–520
- Chinese intervention in Vietnam, possible, 701
- Communist insurgency, 404–405, 607–608
- Counterinsurgency operations, 680,
699
-
Bundy (W.)
consultations with Country Team, proposed, 367–369
- gas warfare, 481–482, 484, 515
-
Huong government, 6–7, 88
- international forces for Vietnam, 404–405, 509, 538n
-
Khanh government, 42–43, 91
- Laos, 65
- media coverage of Vietnam, 474
- negotiations between belligerents, 295, 358, 397, 460, 758
- 17-nation proposal, 514, 517, 519–520, 529
- Soviet proposal, 660, 662, 663n
, 665
- Soviet-U.K. initiative, 313–315, 316n
, 319–320, 342, 344–345
- U.S. cautionary approach, 326–327
- U.S. dishonesty re, alleged, 365–367
- U.S.-DRV contacts re, 691–693
- U.S.-DRV direct talks, possible, 687n
, 728
- U.S. flexibility issue, 403–404
- Vietnamese (DRV) policy, 365–367, 558
- new programs, Taylor’s protest re, 571
-
NSAM
328, 537
-
NSAM
330, 545
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 666
-
Quat government, 338–339, 362, 580
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 56, 75
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 278, 362
- Southeast Asia Development Association, 515
- Soviet Union, intelligence exchange with U.S. re Vietnam, 458
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 70, 79–80, 88, 97, 98:
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 55, 69–70, 71
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 376,
509, 531, 532, 546, 599, 699
- active combat role, 528, 532, 738
-
Bien Hoa-Vung
Tau deployment, 553–554
- Congressional authorization issue, 524–525
- force increase to 82,000, 602–603
- force increase to 95,000, 746–748
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 376, 528–529, 531, 602–603
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 98, 357
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 30, 355–359
- change of direction, administration debate re, 96–97
- Congressional leaders, administration briefings for, 65, 485
- Country Team personnel changes, 38, 403
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 545
- Vietnam, Republic of, 355–356, 699–700
-
Russell, Richard, 748
-
Sagatellyan, Mike, 660–661, 662
-
Salinger, Pierre, 660–661, 662–663
-
Saltonstall, Leverett, 66,
67
-
Sanders, Sol W., 4n
-
Scranton, William W., 334
-
Seaborn, J. Blair, 412,
444, 689, 691, 693n
, 728, 732
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 262, 279, 280, 294, 317, 362
-
Sergeyevich, Vassily, 662–663
- Settlement of conflict in Vietnam (see also
Negotiations between belligerents), 73, 82
- outline of possible scenarios, 448–449
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 627–628, 666, 668,
688, 737
- Soviet position, 770
- 17-nation proposal re negotiations, 507, 508, 514, 517, 519–520, 529, 544, 560
-
Sharp, Adm. Ulysses S.G., 12, 39, 388n
, 396n
, 400n
, 518n
, 535, 573, 636n
, 719, 733n
- air strikes against DRV, 380
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 11, 164
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 736n
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 407–408, 679, 680
-
Shastri, Lal Bahadur, 274, 278n
, 729
-
Shullaw, Harry, 471
-
Sieverts, Frank A., 449n
-
Sihanouk, Prince Norodom, 572, 611, 619, 647, 673–674, 731
-
Smathers, George A., 68,
226
-
Smith, Col., 164
-
Smith, Bromley, 69, 140n
, 149, 155, 157, 158, 163, 168, 216n
, 349n
, 355n
, 374–375, 486, 634, 759
-
Smith, Jack, 740
- Southeast Asia Development Association, 419,
505–506, 510n
, 515, 518, 543, 703
-
Souvanna Phouma, 31, 45, 81, 425, 620
- Soviet-DRV relations, 119
- Chinese attitude toward, 245, 483
-
Kosygin visit to DRV, 118–121, 130, 148,
188, 189, 195, 203
- military assistance for DRV, 81, 118–119, 130, 198, 199,
245, 256, 483, 572, 709
- air strikes against DRV and, 246–247
- Soviet objectives, 245, 596
- Soviet Union (see also Soviet-DRV
relations), 31, 82,
296, 458, 484, 306, 620, 769, 770
- air strike suspension, U.S.-Soviet
- air strikes against DRV, response to. See under Air strikes against
DRV.
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 572,
663, 666
-
Eisenhower’s views on, 300–301, 305
- negotiations between belligerents, 385
- reprisal bombings of DRV and, 159, 172–173, 188,
189, 197–199, 215, 216–217, 219,
221, 272–273
- Sino-Soviet relations, 203–204, 209,
215, 221, 385, 771
- U.S. Embassy in Moscow, demonstrations at, 213n
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, response to, 594–596
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, attitude toward, 273–274
- U.S.-Soviet relations, 198–199, 274–275
- Special National Intelligence Estimates:
- 10–3-65, 244–250
- 10-3/1-65, 320–325
- 10-6–65, 694,
708n
- 10-6/1-65, 708n
- 10-7–65, 708n
- 10-65, 199,
200
- 53-65, 143–148
- summary report on various estimates, 763–772
-
Stanton, Frank, 304, 363, 365
- State of the Union message, 7–8
-
Stennis, John, 749
-
Stevenson, Adlai E., 169,
205, 257, 262, 283, 284, 319, 366, 370, 382, 557, 758
- air strike suspension, 644–647
- cease-fire issue, 519, 730
- negotiations between belligerents, 337, 519
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 279
-
Stewart, Michael N. F., 313, 314n
, 343, 412n
, 460, 468, 471–472, 481, 717n
, 730, 731
-
Stilwell, Gen. Richard G., 134
-
Stoneman, Walter G., 367n
- Suez crisis (1956), 301, 306
-
Sukarno, 212
-
Sullivan, William H., 31,
425, 730
-
Sulovey, M. N., 119
-
Sung, 105, 106
-
Suu. See
Phan Khac Suu.
-
Sylvester, Arthur, 606
-
Tam Chau, 36, 85, 92,
93, 108, 350, 377, 378, 393
-
Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 41n
, 101n
, 258, 315n
, 397n
, 511, 561n
, 581n
, 733n
- air strike suspension, 669
- air strikes against DRV, 139, 202, 239, 410,
534, 574
- cessation of strikes, terms for, 233–234
- escalation of, 469, 473
- initiation of, 342n
, 361–362
- objectives of, 17, 71–75,
208, 250–251, 704, 710–713
- Presidential prerogative in initiating strikes, 48–49
-
Rolling Thunder
17, 712
-
Taylor’s support for, 16–17,
206–208
- tempo of strikes, 243, 251–252, 412–413, 533–534
- time needed to break DRV will, 605–606
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 17, 41, 46, 202, 207, 232–233, 252, 265–267, 271, 541
- Vietnamese (RVN) political situation and,
16–17, 46–47, 48
- Vietnamese (RVN) popular support, 281
- Buddhists, 62, 281
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
24
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 611
- Cambodian village, U.S. bombing of, 619
- China, possible general war with U.S., 534–535
- Communist insurgency, 212, 350, 394,
498, 540, 757
- infiltration from DRV, 409–410
- periodic reports on, 51, 282, 350, 452, 475, 540–541, 549, 612, 633, 685, 703
- successes of, 13–14
- Congressional testimony, 515, 518
- counterinsurgency operations, 14, 619, 703
- Binh Gia operation, 29–30, 48
-
Bundy (W.)
consultations with Country Team, proposed, 367, 375
- periodic reports on, 282, 350, 452, 475, 549, 612
- security for population, failure to achieve, 14, 408–411
- successes of, 47–48
- U.S. involvement in planning, 41, 47
- Honolulu conference, 572–574, 575
-
Huong government, 15
- military’s reconciliation with, 50–51, 60–62
- military threat to, 1–4, 6n
, 29, 30
- international forces for Vietnam, 404–405, 564–567, 610, 619
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission to
Vietnam, 395, 396, 408–411
-
Khanh, assessment of, 128n
-
Khanh government:
- Buddhists and, 108–109, 110, 236
- formation of new government, 107–108, 109–110
- military, relations with, 125,
127, 134
- neutralist orientation, possible, 94, 124–126, 127, 137
- takeover of power in coup, 93–95
- U.S. policy re, 104n
, 110n
, 109, 126–128, 134–135, 136, 142–143
- Laos, 56n
- media coverage of Vietnam, 474, 606–607
- negotiations between belligerents:, 544
-
Taylor’s position, 74–75,
412
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 550, 685, 695–698
- U.S. “sequence of actions” strategy, 501, 503–504, 525
- Vietnamese (DRV) policy, 674–675, 732
- Vietnamese (RVN) policy, 675–676
- new programs, protest re, 563–564, 567–569, 571
-
Quat
government, 281, 580, 611, 716, 719
- Cabinet reorganization, 618,
684
- constitutional crisis, 701–702, 714–716, 740
- coup attempts against, 328,
329, 339n
, 349–350, 684
- formation of new government, 266–267
- governing of country, 451,
475–476, 540
- military, relations with, 549–550, 618, 632–633, 684–685
- “national union” government, 377–379
- press criticism of, 618–619
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 40, 48
- public statements on, 44–45, 59–60
- reprisal missions, 164, 167, 169, 217
- sustained reprisals, 206–208
-
Taylor’s position, 17–19
- time between provocation and retaliation, 46, 59
- U.S. dependent evacuation and, 18, 20, 45
- “U.S. losses” issue, 272
- U.S.-RVN coordination, 41, 75–77
-
VNAF involvement, 115–116
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces:
- command changes, 476, 633
- desertions, 739–740
- food distribution program, 568–569, 577
- force strength, 549, 609
- internal improvements, 600–601
- Popular Forces, 493–494
- recruiting program, 568, 576
- Security Council initiative re negotiations:
- settlement of conflict in Vietnam, 73
- Plan for a Political Resolution in South Viet-Nam, 628, 676–679, 737
- social events with Vietnamese officials, 445
- U.S. covert political activities in Vietnam, 498, 513, 519, 550
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 98, 139, 155
- announcement re, 116–118
- coup of Jan. 26 and, 94–95
- danger to dependents, 57–58, 78
- duration of evacuation effort, 58–59
- Hue evacuation, 88n
, 109
- implementation of, 171, 186, 281–282
- psychological effects, 19–20, 45,
138
- reprisal bombings of DRV and, 18, 20,
45
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 55, 57–58, 69,
77–79
- U.S. Embassy building in Saigon, 540,
612–613
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 16, 490, 562
- active combat role, 348, 528
- Bien Hoa-Vung Tau deployment, 553–554, 565, 568, 609, 615
-
Da Nang deployment, 347–349,444
- divisions of troops, introduction of, 454–457, 493
- force increase to 50,000, 486
- force increase to 70,000, 737
- force increase to 82,000, 602
- force increase to 95,000, 746–748
- force increase to 151,000, 737, 739–740, 746
- integration in ARVN battalions, 568, 619
- media coverage of, 606–607
- Mission options, 25–28, 455–457, 487–488, 500, 531
- negative consequences, 28, 554–555
- public statements on, 607,
609–610
-
Qui Nhon deployment, 568, 609
- time needed to break DRV will, 605–606
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 528–529, 531, 541–542, 600, 602, 609–610, 611–612
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 394, 680
- advisory personnel, 15, 25, 28
- security for personnel and facilities, 21–22
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 39, 533
- U.S. visit (Mar.-Apr.), 490–494, 497–500, 515,
516, 518, 525n
,
528–530,
531, 534
- U.S. visit (June), 736–737, 739–740, 745–748, 757–758
- Vietnam, Republic of:
- anti-American demonstrations, 102–103
- elections in, 633–634, 702–703
- medical services in countryside, 568, 577
- peace movement, 393–394, 451, 476–477
- political situation, 13, 235–236, 410–411
- refugee problem, 452, 475
- stable government, U.S. efforts re, 564, 568
- war-weariness of population, 14–15
-
Taylor, Adm. Rufus L., 763n
- Thailand, 31, 32,
211, 242, 257, 292, 302–303, 440–441
-
Thanat Khoman, 302–303
-
Thant, U, 257, 274, 279, 296, 317, 319, 543, 557
- air strike suspension, 644–647
- Cambodian conference, proposed, 647
- cease-fire issue, 507, 519–520, 647, 730
- negotiations between belligerents:
-
Thi, Gen. See
Nguyen
Chanh Thi, Gen.
-
Thien Minh, 154
-
Thieu. See
Nguyen Van
Thieu, Gen.
- Third country participation in Vietnam. See
International forces for Vietnam.
-
Tho, Gen., 125
-
Thomas, Gen. Jack E., 763n
-
Thompson, Llewellyn E., Jr., 156, 162, 262, 278n
, 280n
, 285n
,
290n
, 316, 325, 355n
, 397n
, 534, 665, 680n
, 691n
- air strike suspension, 634
- air strikes against DRV, 283, 402, 579
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 167, 170, 171, 215,
216, 219, 222, 223
- Security Council initiative re negotiations, 257–261
- Soviet-U.S. relations, 274–275
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, Soviet attitude toward, 273–274
-
Thomsen, Samuel B., 88n
-
Thomson, James C., Jr., 228–229, 620–621, 759n
-
Throckmorton, Gen. John L., 351
-
Tian Quang Thuan, 377
-
Timmes, Gen. Charles J., 562
-
Tinh Khiet, 629n
-
Tito, Marshal, 276, 620
-
Tran Quang Thuan, 154
-
Tran Quang Vinh, 154
-
Tran Thanh Ben, Col., 236, 378
-
Tran Thanh Hiep, 684n
-
Tran Thien Khiem, 88, 338–339, 543
-
Tran Van An, 378
-
Tran Van Dinh, 1
-
Tran Van Do, 236, 503n
, 527, 610, 611, 695, 762
-
Tran Van Don, Gen., 328,
329, 684n
-
Tran Van Huong (see also
Huong
government), 56n
, 88n
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 75–77
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 55, 57, 77–79
-
Tran Van Minh, Gen. (“Little Minh”), 61, 77, 88n
, 134, 346, 476, 542, 609, 633n
, 684–685
-
Tran Van Thoan, 684n
-
Tran Van Van, 719
-
Trevelyan, Sir Humphrey, 344
-
Tri Quang, 36, 85, 90,
92, 93, 102, 108, 111, 145, 146–147, 281, 377, 393, 629n
, 704n
-
Truman, Harry S., 308,
752
-
Tull, Jim, 365
-
Tupper, Stanley R., 481
-
Tuyen, 540, 543, 714
-
Tyler, William R., 197–199, 331, 471
-
Unger, Leonard, 8, 30, 52, 55n
, 69n
, 79n
, 103n
, 114n
, 214, 222, 285n
, 325, 338n
, 343, 367n
, 386, 397n
, 424, 427n
, 442n
, 444, 449n
, 524,
525n
, 528, 530, 532n
, 544, 551n
, 602n
, 617, 627, 634, 680n
, 686,
691n
, 698n
, 715n
, 760n
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam, 124, 133, 134, 135, 137, 139, 153, 154
- United Kingdom, 257, 292, 404, 572, 596–597
- air strike suspension, 617n
- air strikes against DRV, 293, 294–295
- gas warfare, 471–472, 481, 515
- Soviet-U.K. initiative, 227, 313–320, 342, 344–345
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, support for, 229–232, 468–469, 471–472, 557, 716–717
- United Nations (see also
Security Council initiative re negotiations;
Thant, U), 49, 188, 205, 211, 257
- U.S. covert political activities in Vietnam, 494–497, 498, 499, 513, 519, 538, 550
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 11, 20, 33, 38, 40, 64, 67–68, 86
- air strikes against DRV (Phase II) and, 139
- announcement re, 116–118, 168
-
Bundy Mission meeting on,
138–139
-
Bundy Mission
recommendations, 155
-
Cooper’s position, 35, 53
- coup of Jan. 26 and, 94–95
- danger to dependents, 57–58, 78
- decision to evacuate, 97, 98, 104, 163
- duration of evacuation effort, 52, 58–59, 70, 97, 159
- Hue evacuation, 88, 109
- implementation of, 164, 168, 171,
186, 202, 281–282
-
JCS position, 5–6
- military personnel for, 79–80
- Presidential statement on, proposed, 53–54
- psychological effects, 19–20, 45, 138, 191,
197
- related issues, 58, 70
- reprisal bombings of DRV and, 18, 20, 45, 52, 156–157, 159, 160,
162, 163
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 54, 55, 57–58, 69–70, 71, 77–79, 86
- U.S. Embassy building in Saigon:
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 16, 33, 213, 255, 430, 439, 532, 556, 672, 699
- active combat role, 348, 528, 532,
738
- air strikes against DRV and, 242–243
-
Bien Hoa-Vung Tau
deployment, 553–554, 561, 565, 568,
609, 615–616
-
Chu Lai deployment, 609, 616, 633
- Communist response, 594–596
- Congressional authorization issue, 515, 524–525, 743–744, 751–754, 757,
759
-
Da Nang deployment, 347–349, 351, 376,
380, 386, 413, 444
- divisions of troops, introduction of, 439, 454–457, 492–493, 509,
513–514
-
Eisenhower’s attitude toward, 305, 308
- force increase to 50,000, 486
- force increase to 70,000, 772
- force increase to 82,000, 491, 573,
575, 583, 602–603
- force increase to 95,000, 745–749
- force increase to 151,000, 733–736, 737, 739–740, 746,
754–756,
758–759
- Honolulu conference discussions, 573,
575
- integration in ARVN battalions, 561, 562,
568, 573, 576, 619
-
Johnson’s (L.B.) position,
562–563
-
Johnson’s (U.A.) position,
569–570
-
Mansfield’s position, 479, 741–743
- media coverage of, 606–607, 738
- Mission options, 25–28, 455–457, 487–488, 500,
531
- negative consequences, 28, 554–555
- negotiations between belligerents and, 449, 463
- non-Communist response, 596–597
- public statements on, 546–547, 607,
609–610,
616
-
Qui Nhon deployment, 561, 568, 609
-
Rostow’s position, 277–278
- time needed to break DRV will,
605–606
- U.S.-RVN discussions, 376, 528–529, 530,
531, 541–542, 600, 602–603, 609–610, 611–612
- Vietnamese (RVN) popular response, 490, 596,
599
- U.S. Information Agency (see also
U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam), 364, 382–383, 453, 545–546
- U.S. Information Service, 364
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam (see also
Air strikes against DRV
; Reprisal
bombings of DRV; U.S. ground forces in Vietnam;
U.S.-RVN operations against DRV), 66, 98, 117, 194, 394, 425, 426, 444, 599
- administrative burden, 4–5, 42
- advisory personnel, 15, 25, 28, 117
- air commando operations, 405–407, 425
- air control system, 407–408
-
Cam Ranh Bay naval base, 419–420
-
coastal patrols, 357, 408
- combined U.S.-RVN command authority, proposed, 679–680
-
Cooper’s recommendations, 434–435
- funding for, 617–618
-
Johnson (Gen.) Mission
assessment of, 438–439
- security for personnel and facilities, 21–22, 190, 196, 204, 210,
223, 227, 238
- Special Forces, 179–180
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, 192,
292, 392
-
Bundy (McG.) response, 208–211
- change of direction, Administration debate re, 95–97
-
CIA assessment of options and
objectives, 749–751
- Congressional leaders, administration briefings for, 63–69, 224, 225–226, 485–486, 709
-
Cooper’s assessment of, 432–435
- Country Team personnel changes, 37–38, 403, 447, 743
- domestic political consequences, 309–312
- downgrading of stakes, 430–431
-
Eisenhower’s assessment of, 298–308
-
Johnson’s (L.B.) position,
543–544,
547–548
- leaks to media re, 38, 39, 63, 67
-
Lodge’s review of, 374, 387, 414–420
-
Mansfield’s assessment of, 203–206, 477–481
-
Rusk’s assessment of, 355–359
- Soviet attitude toward, 273–274
- State of the Union message and, 7–8
- three-part program (see also
Air strikes against DRV
;
Security Council initiative re negotiations), 262, 263–268, 270–272, 294
- U.K. support for, 229–232, 468–469, 471–472, 557,
716–717
- U.S. commitment to RVN, 30–33, 180–181, 196
- withdrawal option, 131, 191, 197
- U.S. psychological programs in Vietnam, 10,
453
-
Eisenhower’s attitude toward, 299, 304
- expanded program:
- outside assessment of, 363, 365
- Provincial Psychological Operations Committees, 364
-
Rowan’s report on, 363–365
-
Taylor’s assessment of, 23–24
- U.S.-RVN operations against DRV (see also
Air strikes against DRV
; Reprisal
bombings of DRV), 67, 153
-
Valenti, Jack, 63n
, 84, 226, 665, 709n
, 761n
-
Vance, Cyrus R., 5n
, 10, 113n
, 156, 157, 214, 325, 373, 395n
, 427n
, 465n
,
481, 511n
, 515, 516, 517, 553, 578, 634, 739, 745n
, 763n
-
Vien. See
Cao Van Vien
.
- Viet Cong. See
Communist insurgency.
- Vietnam, Democratic Republic of (see also
Communist insurgency; Soviet-DRV relations; U.S.-RVN operations against
DRV
), 80–83, 294, 572
- cease-fire issue, 673, 682, 729
- domestic situation, 81, 82–83
- four cardinal points, 544–545
- large-scale invasion of RVN, possible, 766–767
- negotiations between belligerents, 560
- French-DRV discussions, 105–107, 352–355, 673, 682–683
- U.S.-DRV common objectives, proposed
exploration of, 586–592
- U.S.-DRV contacts re, 691–693
- U.S.-DRV direct talks, possible, 673–674, 685–690, 728–729
- Vietnamese direct talks, possible, 32, 424
- Vietnamese nationalism and, 423–424
- Vietnamese (DRV) policy re, 359–361, 365–367, 369–372, 423, 544–545, 558–560, 586, 674–675, 682–683, 732
- U.S. bombing of. See
Air strike suspension; Air strikes against DRV
; Reprisal bombings
of DRV.
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, response to, 594–596
- U.S. policy in Vietnam, assessment of, 444
- Vietnam, Republic of (see also
Buddhists;
Bundy Mission to Vietnam; Catholics; Counterinsurgency operations;
Huong government; International
forces for Vietnam;
Khanh
government;
Quat government; Republic of
Vietnam Armed Forces; U.S. military
involvement in Vietnam; U.S. policy in
Vietnam; U.S. psychological programs in
Vietnam), 13, 24, 30, 146, 276, 281, 444, 542, 611, 621,
- anti-American demonstrations, 102–103, 109
- diplomatic initiatives, 699–700
- elections in, 633–634, 702–703, 757
- medical services in countryside, 562,
568, 577
- negotiations between belligerents:
- peace movement, 384, 387, 393–394, 451,
476–477
- political power centers, 143–146, 235–236
- refugee problem, 452, 475
- rural population, attitudes of, 382–383
- stable government, prospects for, 276–277, 410–411
- stable government, U.S. efforts re, 35–36, 130–132, 140–141, 152, 177–179, 355–356, 562,
564, 568, 570–571, 577
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, popular response to, 490, 596,
599
- war-weariness of population, 14–15
- Vinson, Carl, 516
- Voice of America, 23
-
Vo Nguyen Giap, Gen., 81,
204
-
Vu Van Thai, 543
-
Walker, Patrick Gordon, 557, 611, 717
-
Waller, John Keith, 538n
-
Walsh, John P., 758n
-
Waters, Gen. John K., 733n
-
Watson, Marvin, 225n
, 471
-
Wehrle, Leroy S., 490n
-
Westmoreland, Gen. William C., 11n
, 19,
174, 176, 178, 179, 270, 307, 380n
, 492, 573, 576, 610, 619
- air strike suspension, 634, 636
- air strikes against DRV, 46, 342n
, 388
-
Bundy Mission to Vietnam,
133–138,
139–140,
153
- collapse of RVN war effort, possible, 47, 396, 703, 734–735
- Communist insurgency, 140, 212, 400–401, 733–735
-
Khanh government, 92, 137
-
Quat government, 329, 340, 719
- reprisal bombings of DRV, 46, 77, 217
- Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces, 561–562, 576, 577
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 88n
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 454,
561
- active combat role, 772–774
-
Da Nang deployment, 347, 349n
, 351
- force increase to 151,000, 733–736
- integration in ARVN battalions, 561, 576, 619
- mission options, 25–28
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 21, 22, 425n
- Vietnam, Republic of, 102–103, 444
-
Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 9,
10, 301, 305, 307, 325, 367n
, 373, 484, 511, 512, 516, 518, 553, 573, 615n
, 733n
- air strikes against DRV, 380, 598
- collapse of RVN war effort, possible, 396–397, 465–466
- Communist insurgency, 400, 754–755, 758
- negotiations between belligerents, 440–442
- reprisal bombings of DRV:
- decision to undertake, 156,
157
-
JCS position, 111–113
- reprisal missions, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 170, 171
- U.S. dependent evacuation, 5–6, 11
- U.S. ground forces in Vietnam, 599
- active combat role, 465–467
- Da Nang deployment, 351, 380
- divisions of troops, introduction of, 493
- force increase to 151,000, 754–756, 759
- U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, 9
- air commando operations, 405–407
- security for personnel and facilities, 190, 196
-
Whiting, Allen S., 627,
683n
-
Wiggins, Russ, 283
-
Wilson, Donald, 543
-
Wilson, Harold, 229–232, 262, 294, 295n
, 302, 370, 404, 468, 474, 481, 557, 634, 717n
-
Yost, Charles, 365, 366–367, 369–372
- Yugoslavia, 662
-
Zinchuk, Alexander I., 663
-
Zorthian, Barry S., 10, 123, 134, 139, 364, 395n
, 453, 637