Index

• Achilles, Theodore C., 879
• Ad Hoc Interagency Committee, 64–67
• Ada, Yassi, 871
• Adair, Charles W., 261, 268
• Adenauer, Konrad, 168, 198, 199, 202, 203, 238, 239, 258, 289, 397n, 407, 693, 824
• Advisory Committee on Export Policy (ACEP), 167–168
• Afghanistan, 692, 791, 822, 823, 890
• AFL-CIO,638–641
• Africa, 730, 891
• Agriculture, U.S. Department of, 254
• Air Force, U.S.,857n
• Aksal, General (Turkey), 839
• Albania, 87
  • Greece, relations with,679–680, 704
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 75, 87–94, 731–732
    • dependence on,93–95
    • Khrushchev’s visit,86–88, 91, 95–96, 662
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Greece, Italy, and Turkey,95–96, 652
  • U.S. policy,71–81, 117, 119
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 398
• Algeria, 413, 453–454, 693, 733, 882
• Alican, Ekrem, 867
• Allen, George V.:
  • Finnish-U.S. relations, 549, 569
  • Greek-U.S. relations, 702
  • Polish-U.S. relations, 162, 220
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 29, 30–31, 41–45, 61
  • Turkish-U.S. relations, 819
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 475
• Amerika, 42, 164
• Amory, Robert, 121, 848–849
• Anderson, Robert B., 27, 228–229, 466
• Ansiaux, Hubert-Jacques-Nicolas, 471
• Areeda, Phillip,291–292
• Argentina, 405, 443
• Army, U.S.,857n
• Artukovic, Andrija,366–368
• Ashford, Howard J., Jr., 759, 763
• Ataturk, Mustafa K., 789
• Atomic weapons. See Nuclear weapons
• Augi (Greek newspaper),690n
• Australia, 728
• Austria,539n
  • Turkey, relations with, 749
  • Yugoslavia, relations with:
    • escapees/refugees,305–306, 330–331, 386–387
    • exchange program, 465, 470, 472, 473
    • war reparations, 362
• Averoff-Tosizza, Evangelos, 605, 608, 664, 717
  • prewar foreign bonds,697–698, 699, 706, 725
  • Germany, Federal Republic of-Greek relations,735–736
  • United Nations,727–732
  • U.S.-Greek relations:
    • economic issues,682–683, 694–695, 696
    • Herter meeting,675–680
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Greece, Turkey, and Italy, 662, 666–667
• Aytur, Memduh, 757
• Baghdad Pact, 322, 347, 737, 740, 741, 777, 791, 798
• Balkan Pact,370–371, 455, 621, 891
• Balkan region (see also Albania; Austria; Bulgaria; Hungary; Italy; Romania; Yugoslavia),86–87, 397–398, 666–667
• Bank for International Settlements (BIS), 467, 471, 472–473
• Barinova, Galina, 69
• Barnes, N. Spencer,71–81
• Baruch Plan,244n
• Batista, Fulgencio, 445
• SS Batory, 170
• Bayar, Celal:
  • arrest of,731n, 844, 876
  • economic situation, 814
    • Eisenhower, letter to,747–750, 753n stabilization (economic) program, 756
  • Eisenhower, correspondence with,747–750, 752–753
  • U.S.-Turkish relations:
    • Dulles, meeting with,738–740
    • Eisenhower’s visit to Turkey, 819, 820
• Beale, Wilson T.M., Jr., 138, 155n, 183, 187n, 228
  • Polish-U.S. relations:
    • agricultural issues,230–231
    • economic issues,146–148, 174–175, 176, 179, 180
  • replacement of, 275
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations,359–361
• Beam, Jacob D., 192
  • Polish political situation,123–129, 153–155, 159–160, 288–290
  • Polish-U.S. relations,186–187, 299
    • American property claims,175–176, 178, 189, 207–208, 229, 261, 266
    • Gomulka’s public statements,156
    • most-favored-nation status, 294
    • Nixon’s visit to Poland, 191, 219–221
    • OCB assessments, 226
    • Stevenson’s visit to Poland, 134
  • Soviet-Polish relations,122–123
• Belgium, 442, 471
• Bell, John O.,299n, 300, 799, 866
• Ben-Gurion, David, 729
• Benson, Ezra Taft, 101, 251–255, 273, 475
• Berding, Andrew H., 19
• Berger, Samuel D., 652, 657, 659–660, 662–667, 689, 698n,718n
• Billingslea, Colonel, 793, 866
• Birgfeld, Clarence E., 605
• Bitsios, Dimitri, 689
• Black, Eugene R., 275, 403, 404
• Blessing, Karl, 462, 463, 467n, 469, 470, 472
• Bobrowski, Czeslaw, 172, 173
• Boggs, Marion W., 550, 727, 829, 887
• Bohlen, Charles E., 455
• Bolshakov, Georgi, 59
• Bowie, Robert, 866
• Bowles, Chester S.,391–396
• Brand, Vance, 715
• Brentano, Heinrich von,202–203, 467n, 751
• Brewster, Robert C.,101n,228n
• Briggs, Ellis O., 689, 718, 732
  • Greek political situation,700–702, 707–708, 724–725
  • Greek-U.S. relations,713
  • economic issues,671–675, 680–683, 685–688, 696, 703, 704, 723–726
    • Greek position,719–720
    • Joint U.S. Mission for Military Aid to Greece,709–712
    • prewar foreign bonds,697–698, 705–707, 714–715
    • tobacco,716–717
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Greece, Turkey, and Italy,669–671
• Brink (Sweden), 470
• Broderick, William D., 437
• Bronk, Detlev W.,11–12
• Brown, Emerson M., 138
• Brown, Irving,640–641, 656, 657
• Bruner, Mirko,308–309, 310–312, 364–365, 368–369
• Brunei, Jacques, 470
• Bulgaria, 95, 117, 119, 225n
  • Greece, relations with, 77, 79–80, 81, 637, 654, 659, 690, 704
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 77
  • U.S.-Bulgarian relations,82–83, 97–98
    • U.S. Legation (Sofia) assessments,99–100
    • Voutov’s visit to U.S.,101–104
  • U.S. policy,71–81
  • Yugoslavia, relations with,76–77, 79–80, 81, 362
• Bureau of the Budget, U.S.,35n
• Burgess, Edward W.,262n
• Burgess, W. Randolph, 695, 746
• Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 121, 548n
• Burma, 373
• Cabell, Gen. Charles P.,503–504, 805, 852
• Cahan (OEEC), 745
• Calhoun, John A., 732, 736, 868n
• Calligas, Stephen, 652
• Calvet, Pierre Louis, 470
• Canada,225n, 305, 465
• Canellopoulos, Panayiotis, 689, 718–719
• Captive Nations Week Proclamation,192–195, 209
• Carli, Guido, 469
• Cavalierato, Phedon,601n,611–612
• Celler, Emanuel, 714
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA),35n
  • Finland,488–491, 502–503, 583–585
  • Poland, 108, 121
  • Radio Free Europe, 107
  • Turkey,857n
  • Yugoslavia,428–429
• Central Treaty Organization (CENTO),816–817, 822, 825, 861, 889, 890, 894, 899
• Ceylon, 373
• Chamoun, Camille,338n,343n
• Chervenkov, Vulko, 76
• Chiang Kai-shek, 394
• China, People’s Republic of,50–51, 116, 143, 162, 259
  • Albania, relations with, 87
  • Finland, relations with, 489
  • Greece, relations with, 645
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 363, 389–390, 393–394, 409–410, 431, 459–460, 730
  • Soviet-U.S. relations,9–10
  • Tito’s assessments,392–394
  • U.N. membership,449–450, 486, 729–730
  • U.S. policy,435–436
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 322, 459
• Chterev, Kiril, 103
• Cliburn, Van,12–13, 68–69, 70
• Colbert, James L., 141, 142, 146, 149n,155n, 174, 176
• Commerce, U.S. Department of, 249
• Comprehensive Economic Reporting Program (CERP), 592
• Conference of Allied and Communist experts on the prevention of surprise attack (1958),143n,225n
• Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests (1958),143n
• Conger, Clement E., 101
• Congo,452–453
• Congress, U.S.:
  • Acts of:
    • Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act, 1954 (P.L. 480), 105, 114, 157, 166, 179, 261, 267, 375n, 481
    • Battle Act, 114, 162, 166, 167, 287, 300, 481
    • Export-Import Bank Act, 167
    • Johnson Debt Default Act, 1934, 114, 274–275
    • Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act, see Battle Act above
    • Mutual Security Act, 114, 166, 167, 179, 300n,331–334, 364, 565, 607n
    • Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1961, 287, 300
    • Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1953, 352
    • Trade Agreements Extension Act, 1951,157n, 273
  • Captive Nations Week Proclamation, 192, 209
  • most-favored-nation status, 273
  • Poland, economic aid to,156–157
• Constantine, Prince of Greece,724n
• Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA), 134, 173n, 406
• Council on Foreign Economic Policy (CFEP), 162
• Couve de Murville, Maurice,467n
• Cowles, Leon L., 865
• Crnobrnja, Bogdan, 437, 444
• Croatia, 324
• Crusade in Europe, 269
• Cuba,279–280, 395, 433–434, 444–447
• Cumming, Hugh, Jr., 262–263
• Cushman, Gen. R.E., Jr., 19n
• Cutler, Gen. Robert,106–109, 325, 614
• Cyprus, 338
• Cyprus dispute, 609
  • Greek position, 655, 686
  • London-Zurich agreements, 397, 676, 891
  • NIE on, 635, 785–786
  • OCB assessments, 615, 616, 617, 621–622, 643, 644–645, 646, 742, 743, 769
  • Turkish position, 792
  • U.S. Embassy (Ankara) assessments, 636, 637
  • U.S. policy, 774
• Cyrankiewicz, Jozef, 137, 191, 192
  • German reunification, 203, 204
  • media issues, 197, 212, 213
  • U.S.-Polish relations,122n
• Czechoslovakia, 77, 117, 119, 123n,225n, 253, 549, 645
• Czyzak, John J., 180, 187n, 266
• Dabney, Gen. John, 709, 712
• Damyanov, Lyuben, 97, 98
• Daskalov, T., 97
• Davis, Nathaniel, 41, 59
• Davis, Richard H.,268
• de Gaulle, Charles, 199, 244n, 454, 693
• Declaration on Disarmament, 1945,225n
• Defense, U.S. Department of,167–168, 788, 794, 818, 819, 894n
• Dembinski, Professor (Poland), 251
• Denmark, 188, 530, 536n,539n, 599, 620
• Development Assistance Group, 442
• Development Loan Fund (DLF), 443
  • Greece, 607, 675, 677, 682, 684, 722
  • Poland, 167
  • Turkey,759n,761–762, 826, 887
  • Yugoslavia, 336, 361, 365–366, 375, 378, 403, 475, 684
• Dillon, C. Douglas, 138, 176, 221n,661n, 733
  • Finnish-U.S. relations, 503, 543, 549, 568–569, 587–589
  • Greek-U.S. relations:
    • economic issues,601–602, 650–652, 682n
    • prewar foreign bonds,698–699, 706–707, 715n
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Greece, Turkey, and Italy,663–664, 668–669, 798–801
  • Polish-U.S. relations, 135, 177, 180, 516–517
    • American property claims,189n, 231, 266
    • GATT membership for Poland,228–229
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit,271–275, 278
    • most-favored-nation status, 291
    • Nixon’s visit to Poland, 191, 218
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 285
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 29, 32–33, 101
  • Turkish-U.S. relations, 360, 795–797, 809–810, 814, 815–816
    • American community in Turkey,801–803
    • counterpart release program,805–806, 809–810
    • NSC assessments,884–885
    • stabilization (economic) program,759–760, 763, 767
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey,798–801
    • U.S. military assistance, 843, 886, 887
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 360, 402–404
    • foreign exchange system,405
    • local currency releases,306–307
    • monetary and trade reform program, 430, 461–468
  • Yugoslavia visit, 436, 475
    • Algeria,453–454
    • China, People’s Republic of,449–451
    • Congo rebellion,452–453
    • Cuba,444–447
    • economic issues,437–444
    • international issues, 448
• Disarmament (see also Nuclear weapons), 62, 143n,225n
  • Balkan nuclear-free zone, proposed,666–667
  • Declaration on Disarmament, 1945, 225
  • Rapacki Plan, 123, 127, 134, 144–145, 152, 169–170, 203, 243–244, 486
  • Soviet interest in,408–409, 454, 691, 820
  • U.S. interest in,20–21, 411, 431
  • Yugoslav interest in, 322, 390
• Dobrosielski, Marian, 237, 245, 267, 277, 295n
• Dominican Republic, 280
• Douglas, James H., 866
• Dovas, General (Greece), 605
• Drndic, Ante,366–368
• Dulles, Allen W., 121, 122n,221n,263n, 512, 702
  • Eisenhower’s visit to Greece, 695
  • Greek political situation, 614
  • Polish-U.S. relations, 107, 108
  • Turkish political situation, 790, 832, 833, 843, 849
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges, 26, 29
• Dulles, John Foster,157n,323n,549–550
  • Finnish-U.S. relations,517–518
  • Greek political situation,640–641
  • Middle East crisis, 349
  • Polish-U.S. relations, 107, 109
  • Radio Free Europe, 214, 242
  • Turkish-U.S. relations,737–740, 744–745, 751, 797
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges, 1, 2, 5, 7n,13n, 26
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 325
• East Germany. See German Democratic Republic
• East-West exchanges:
  • East-West terminology,54–55
  • Poland-U.S. cultural and educational exchanges,22–25
  • propaganda imported into U.S.,64–67
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges,33–36
    • Agreement on Cooperation in Exchanges in the Fields of Science/Technology/Education and Culture for 1960–1961,51–52
    • Allen’s (George) assessments,30–31
    • Camp David talks,46–48
    • China, Republic of, Ambassador, explanations to,9–10
    • Dillon’s recommendations,32–33
    • Dulles’ (John Foster) recommendations, 1, 2
    • INR assessments,50–51
    • ref>-46, 59–62
    • Lacy’s summation,10–13
    • NSC assessments,25–29
    • problems anticipated by U.S.,7–8
    • Science Advisory Committee’s recommendations,52–53
    • U.S. Embassy (Moscow) assessments,14–18
    • U.S. Information Agency assessments,55–59
    • U.S. position,2–6, 37–40
• East-West trade (see also European Free Trade Association; General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; U.S. trade relations with under Poland)
  • Cuba,279–280
  • Finland, 557, 570
  • Poland, 234, 248–251
  • Yugoslavia, 430, 461–473, 477
• Eaton, Frederick,431n
• Eccles, Sir David, 148
• Ecevit, Bulent, 839
• Economic Defense Advisory Committee (EDAC),167–168
• Egypt,338n, 347, 373, 737–738, 739, 769, 774
• Eisenhower, Dwight D., 40, 199, 397n,474n, 564, 615n, 874
  • Albanian-U.S. relations, 104
  • Bonn visit, 243
  • Captive Nations Week Proclamation, 192
  • Greek-U.S. relations, 640, 659, 661, 720n visit,688–694
  • India visit, 392
  • Japanese-U.S. relations,724n
  • Middle East crisis,347n
  • Polish-German relations, 162
  • Polish-U.S. relations, 108, 109, 167
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit,268–271, 278
    • most-favored-nation status, 291, 302
    • Nixon’s visit to Poland,217–218, 221n
  • Public Works bill, 679
  • Soviet-U.S. relations, 122, 663
    • Khrushchev’s U.S. visit, 205, 389n
    • five-power U.N. resolution calling for summit,728
    • proposed visit,59–60
    • technical/scientific and cultural exchanges,25–28, 35–36
  • Turkish-U.S. relations:
    • Bayar, correspondence with,747–750, 752–753
    • visit,819–824
    • force level figures, 828, 887
    • Gursel, correspondence with, 850, 868
    • Menderes U.S. visit,816–817
  • U.S. and NATO missiles in Greece, Turkey, and Italy, 659, 661, 663, 719n
  • Voice of America broadcasting, 49
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 322, 325, 331–332, 333
    • Tito U.S. visit, 454, 455–460
• Eisenhower, John S.D.,218–219, 455, 689, 694, 820–824
• Eisenhower, Milton S., 190, 191, 192, 197, 202, 211–212, 218, 219, 220, 221–223
• Elbrick, C. Burke,135–138, 498, 499–500, 505
• Elliot, William, 190, 220
• Emminger (FRG),469–470
• English, Benedict M.,187n
• Erdelhun, General (Turkey), 838, 844
• Esenbel, Melih, 737, 746, 791, 844
• Eskola, Kusti, 494
• Estes, Thomas S., 709, 712
• Ethiopia, 373
• European Free Trade Association (EFTA):
  • Finland,539–542, 544–545, 557–558, 570, 579, 583, 589–593, 595, 598, 600
  • Greece, 606
  • Organization for European Economic Cooperation, relations with, 821
• European Payments Union (EPU), 754, 759, 761
• European Regional Organization of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ERO), 638
• Export-Import Bank, 443
  • Finland, 481
  • Turkey,759n, 761, 826
  • Yugoslavia, 336, 360–361, 377, 378, 382, 403–404, 440, 441, 684
• Face to Face With America, 59
• Fagerholm, Karl-August, 494, 519–520
• Faisal II, King of Iraq,343n
• Far East, 4, 6
• Farley, Philip J., 866
• Fenzi (Italy), 96
• Ferras, Gabriel, 468, 472
• Fessenden, Russell H., 866
• Feyzioglu, Turhan, 839
• Finland:
  • China, People’s Republic of, 489
  • Communist Party:
    • CIA assessments, 490, 584
    • election gains,486–487, 492–493, 501, 561
    • OCB assessments, 508
    • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,573–574
  • economic situation:
    • CIA assessments, 489, 502–503
    • OCB assessments,487–488, 509–510
  • European Free Trade Association,539–542, 544–545, 557–558, 570, 579, 583, 589–593, 595, 598, 600
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 583
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with,583
  • political situation,553–555
    • Fagerholm government resignation,520
    • five-party coalition government,494–495
    • governing coalition, post-Fagerholm, 526
    • OCB assessments,484–488, 507–510, 537–538
    • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,478–484, 500–501, 527–536
  • Soviet Bloc, relations with, 485, 488–491
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 504, 513–516, 523–525, 571–577
    • British-U.S. talks,546–547
    • CIA assessments, 502, 583–585
    • economic issues, 498, 499, 592–595
    • European Free Trade Association,540–542
    • Fagerholm government resignation, 520
    • Finnish position,522–524
    • 5-year Finnish-Soviet trade agreement, 557
    • Moscow economic agreements,592–595
    • OCB assessments, 537, 538, 580–581
    • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,479–481, 482–483, 504, 515–516, 521–522, 531, 561–562, 571–577
    • U.S. policy,513–514, 549, 590–592, 597–600
  • United States, relations with,557–558
    • cultural exchange program, 533
    • U.S. Embassy (Helskinki) assessments,521–522, 586–587
  • U.S. economic relations with,505–506, 516, 552–553
    • British-U.S. talks,546–548
    • dollar loan request,496–500
    • Finnish position,518–519
    • investment loans, 483
    • OCB assessments,579–580
    • standby assistance program,543–545
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 500
    • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,481–482, 495–496, 531–533
  • U.S. policy toward, 484, 510–511, 548–556, 552–555, 577–583, 587–592, 596–600
    • OCB Operations Plan,577–585
    • Suggested Plan for Poland (U.S. Embassy Helsinki),558–567
• Flemming, Arthur S., 29, 101n
• Folger, John C., 658
• Foot, Sir Hugh,617n
• Ford Foundation programs, 24, 25, 35, 424
• Foreign Bondholders Protective Council, 378, 602–603, 650, 665, 675n, 697, 705n, 723
• France, 60, 335, 692
  • Algeria,454
  • disarmament,225n
  • German reunification, 202
  • Poland, relations with, 188, 208
  • Suez crisis, 200, 338n
  • underdeveloped countries, 62
  • U.S. military aid to, 614, 620
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 339, 369, 413, 442, 470, 665
• Frank, Isaiah, 138, 146, 149, 299n
• Frederika, Queen of Greece,610–611, 640, 689, 716–717, 900
• Freers, Edward L., 19, 67–70, 82, 84n,366–367
• Gajewski, Stanislaw, 249
• Galinski, Tadeusz, 23
• Ganev, Dimitur, 97, 98
• Gates, Thomas S., Jr.,35n, 46, 549, 550, 829, 885
• Gazis, Nicholas,602–603, 650, 674, 697, 699, 706, 724, 726
• Gede, Tadeusz, 262
• Gega, Madame, 74
• Geijer (ICFTU), 642
• General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):
  • Finland, 579, 590–592, 600
  • Poland,138–139, 141–142, 147–150, 168, 226, 228–229
  • Yugoslavia, 404
• Georgakopolous, Constantine, 609
• German reunification, 202, 203, 204, 412, 434
• German Democratic Republic, 253, 395
  • Albania, relations with, 75
  • Finland, relations with, 583
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 298
  • Poland, relations with, 206
  • Rapacki Plan,123n
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 116, 246, 434n
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 322, 335n, 466
• Germany, Federal Republic of,123n, 395
  • Finland, relations with, 583
  • German Democratic Republic, relations with, 298
  • Greece, relations with, 648, 735–736
  • Poland, relations with, see Germany, Federal Republic of under Poland
  • Radio Free Europe, 212, 241
  • rearmament,143–144, 164, 242–243
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 407
  • Turkey, relations with, 748, 751, 755, 763, 765, 766, 816
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 335, 435
  • monetary and trade reform program, 463, 464, 465–466, 467, 468, 469–470
• Gleason, S. Everett, 28, 29, 110, 121
• Glenn, Edmund S., 192, 237, 245, 248n, 256, 268, 271, 277
• Glezos, Manlios, 690
• Glisic, Teodosije, 376, 377
• Glitman, Maynard, 763
• Golinski, Bishop Zdislaw,137n
• Gomulka, Wladyslaw,123–129, 163–164, 263, 276
  • ascent to power, 111, 115–116, 117
  • Berlin, 184
  • Hungarian revolution, 122
  • Nixon’s visit to Poland, 191, 196–197, 217–219, 257
    • Captive Nations Week
    • Proclamation,192–195
    • Germany, Federal Republic of,198–204, 206
    • media issues,210–214
    • U.S. economic assistance,206–210
  • public speeches, 143, 151, 152n, 156, 516n
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 143, 150–152, 214–216, 284
  • U.S.-Polish relations, 158, 516n
    • contacts with U.S. officials,183
    • economic issues, 282
    • NSC assessments, 106, 107, 110–113, 116, 117
    • OCB assessments, 232, 233
  • United Nations,295–299
  • Western nations, relations with, 288
• Goodpaster, Andrew J.,813n,868n,869n
• Gosnjak, Ivan, 304
• Goustis, C., 605
• Grantham, Rear Adm. E.B., 709, 710
• Gray, Gordon,32n
  • Finnish-U.S. relations, 512, 548–550
  • Polish-U.S. relations,160–163
  • Turkish-U.S. relations, 818, 819, 828, 829, 832, 853, 884, 885
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges,28–29, 30n,35–36
  • Voice of America broadcasting, 49
• Greece, 75, 386, 387, 397, 455, 734, 891, 899
  • Albania, relations with,679–680, 704
  • Balkan nuclear-free zone, proposed,666–667
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 77, 79–80, 81, 637, 654, 659, 690, 704
  • China, People’s Republic of, 645
  • Communist Party, 678
    • Eisenhower–Karamanlis meeting, 693
    • King Paul assessments, 708
    • NIE assessments,634–635
    • NSC assessments, 695
    • OCB assessments,613–614, 616, 622, 624, 646–647
    • Soviet attitude,688
  • economic situation, 734
    • Greek position,700–701
    • U.S. policy,628–630, 721–722
  • Eisenhower’s visit,688–694
  • General Confederation of Labor (GSEE),638–639, 641–642, 656–658
  • Karamanlis’ resumption of power,613
  • labor disputes,638–642, 656–658
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization,617–618, 623, 625, 635, 644, 646, 654, 655, 660, 686, 694–695, 718, 720, 735, 736
  • political situation (see also Communist Party above ),724–725, 732–734
    • NIE assessments,634–635
    • OCB assessments,613–619, 643–649
    • U.S. Embassy (Athens) assessments,701–702
    • U.S. policy,627–628
  • prewar foreign bonds,602–603, 650–652, 664–665, 673–675, 697–699, 705–707, 714–715, 723–726
  • Queen Frederika’s U.S. visit, 640
  • Soviet-Albanian relations, 92
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 686, 761
    • economic issues,700–701
    • Greek position,704
    • tobacco,716–717
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey, 659, 661, 662, 663, 666–667
    • U.S. position, 702, 719
  • Turkey, relations with (see also Cyprus dispute), 644, 655
  • United Nations,727–732
  • United States, relations with,623–624, 630–631, 735–736
    • Greek position,719–720
    • Herter’s visit to Greece,718–719
    • OCB assessments, 644
    • Queen Frederika,610–611
    • tobacco,716–717
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, Turkey, 86, 89, 94, 95–96, 658–659, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 793–794, 798–801, 807–809, 811–814
  • U.S. economic relations with, 601, 677–679, 746, 751
    • deterioration of, 604
    • Eisenhower–Bayar correspondence,747–750, 752–753
    • Eisenhower’s visit to Greece,690–692, 693–694
    • Greek position,605–609, 632–633, 682–687
    • McGhee’s visit to Greece,652–654
    • 1960 level of aid, 696
    • OCB assessments,647
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 619
    • U.S. Embassy (Athens) assessments,671–673, 680–681, 687–688
    • U.S. Embassy (Ankara) assessments,636–637
    • U.S. policy,622–623, 625–626
  • U.S. military aid to,605–606, 611–612, 614–615, 650
    • Eisenhower’s visit to Greece, 693
    • Joint U.S. Mission for Military Aid to Greece, 704, 709–712
    • McGhee’s visit to Greece,654–655
    • OCB assessments,618–620, 643–644, 648–649
    • U.S. Embassy (Greece) assessments,659–660
    • U.S. Embassy (Turkey) assessments, 637
    • U.S. policy, 623, 628, 721–722
  • U.S. policy toward,620–631, 721–722, 726–727
    • OCB Operations Plans,620–631, 649, 665, 697
• Greek General Confederation of Labor (GSEE),638–639, 641–642, 656–658
• Greene, Joseph N., Jr., 7n
• Greene, Nathaniel, Jr., 362
• Grivas, George, 676
• Gromyko, Andrei, 40, 46–48
• Gronchi, Giovanni, 824
• Grotewohl, Otto, 87
• Gucwa (Poland), 251
• Gulek, Kasim, 838, 842
• Gursel, Cemal, 731, 844, 845, 849, 883
  • armed forces retirement plan,854–857
  • Eisenhower, correspondence with, 850, 868
  • elections,871–872, 880
  • execution of former government leaders, 900
  • Soviet-Turkish relations, 882
  • SNIE on, 858
  • U.S. economic assistance, 874
  • U.S. Embassy (Ankara) assessments, 869
  • U.S.-Turkish relations,845–848, 862–864, 901–902
• Hagerty, James C., 291, 292
• Haiti, 280
• Hall, Carlos C., 637
• Halsema, James L., 41
• Hanes, John W., 305
• Hare, Raymond G.,832–833
• Harr, Karl G., Jr., 227, 512, 614, 726, 786, 818, 828, 851, 852
• Hart, Parker T., 709, 710, 716n, 834
• Harvey, Mose L.,518–519, 527–536
• Haynes, Col. Dallas, 614, 709
• Haynes, Col. Fred, 854
• Heads of Government meeting (1960),60–62, 63
• Health, Education and Welfare, U.S. Department of, 12, 13, 29
• Heath, Donald R.,73n, 77, 82, 99n
• Heller, Rudolf,84n
• Helmer, Oskar, 305
• Helmis, Demetrios, 605, 606
• Henderson, Loy W., 569, 835
• Herter, Christian A.,46–47, 53n,55n,262n, 804, 816, 834n, 868, 869n
  • Albanian-Soviet relations, 96
  • Balkan Pact,370–371
  • Bulgarian-U.S. relations,82–85, 104
  • Finnish-U.S. relations,590–592
    • economic issues,511–512
    • European Free Trade Association membership, 570
    • Torngren, meeting with, 557
    • U.S. policy, 549, 550
  • Greek political situation, 613, 676–677
  • Greek-U.S. relations:
    • Albania,679–680
    • economic issues,677–679, 721–722
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey,663n
    • OCB assessments, 615
    • United Nations,727–732
    • visit to Greece,718–719
  • Polish-U.S. relations:
    • American property claims, 266
    • Gomulka’s public speeches,150–152
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit,277–280
    • most-favored-nation status,293–295
    • Ochab, meeting with,245–248
    • Rapacki, meeting with,240–244
  • Turkish-U.S. relations:
    • stabilization (economic) program,757–758
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey,812–814
  • United Nations,295–299, 879–883
  • Voice of America broadcasting, 49
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 407, 429–431
    • economic issues, 362, 406
    • international relations,388–391
    • Middle East crisis,342–345
    • Tito’s U.N. appearance, 457
    • U.S. assistance and Mutual Security Act provisions,333–334
    • U.S. military assistance program, termination of,310–311
• Hetemaki, Paivio, 494
• Heuss, Theodore, 749, 751
• Hickerson, John D.
  • Finnish political situation:
    • European Free Trade Association,539–542
    • five-party coalition government,494–495
  • Finnish-U.S. relations, 504, 521–522
    • British-U.S. talks,546–548
    • Communist election gains,492–493
    • economic issues,495–496, 515–516, 519–520, 544–545, 550
    • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,478–484, 500–501
  • Soviet-Finnish relations,522–525
• Hilbert, G.E.,483n
• Hill, Robert B., 334, 386–387
• Hiltunen, Onni, 494
• Hoctor, Thomas F.,82n,83n
• Hofmokl, Franciszek, 180
• Hogstrum, Sven, 494
• Holaday, William M., 793
• Holtrop, Marius Wilhelm, 470, 471, 472
• Home, Lord Frederick Douglas,467n
• Hoover, Herbert, 874
• Hoover, J. Edgar, 26, 28, 29
• Hope, A. Guy, 727, 763–766, 879
• Houghton, Amory, 96, 469–473, 901
• Hoxha, Enver, 74, 88
• Humphrey, Hubert H., 21
• Hungarian revolution of 1956, 116, 122, 321, 327
• Hungary, 84, 92, 112, 117, 119, 127, 305, 338
• Hussein I, King of Jordan, 729, 739
• Immigration and Naturalization Service, U.S., 368
• India, 162, 240, 373, 392, 449, 450, 692
• Indonesia, 50, 322, 328, 372–373, 408
• Inonu, Ismet, 790, 805, 830, 831, 833, 836–837, 839, 842, 858n
• Intelligence and Research, Bureau of, Department of State:
  • East-West exchanges,50–51
  • Intelligence Report No. 7822,139n
  • Intelligence Report No. 7989,177–178
  • Intelligence Report No. 8066,223n
  • Intelligence Report No. 8248,280–281
  • Poland,262–263
• Interdepartmental Committee on Internal Security (ICIS), 119, 171
• Intergovernmental Committee on European Migration (ICEM), 306
• International Atomic Energy Conference, 1957, 145
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 336
  • Finland, 481, 487, 495, 497–498, 509, 510, 528, 532, 538, 550, 598
  • Greece, 606, 725
  • Poland,149–150, 226, 228, 229, 234–235, 275
  • Turkey, 814, 892, 893
  • Yugoslavia, 377, 378, 381, 382, 403, 404, 440, 441, 684
• International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU), 582, 638, 640–642, 656–658
• International Cooperation Administration (ICA),426–427, 759, 761
• International Educational Exchange Service, U.S., 35, 264
• International Monetary Fund (IMF):
  • Finland, 482
  • Greece, 677, 725
  • Poland,149–150, 226, 228, 229, 234–235, 275
  • Turkey, 745, 746, 748, 749, 750, 752, 753n, 754, 756, 768, 772, 826
  • Yugoslavia, 405, 415, 442, 462, 463, 467–468, 472, 477
• Iran, 347, 739, 791–792, 798, 822, 890, 899
• Iran, Cihat, 867
• Iraq, 373
  • Cyprus dispute,743
  • revolution of 1958, 343, 345, 770
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 791, 792
  • Turkey, relations with, 774, 822, 825, 891
  • United States, relations with, 349
• Irwin, John N., II, 675, 800, 801, 803n, 829, 866
• Isik, Hasan, 757, 759, 809–810, 814
• Israel, 116, 347, 891, 899
• Italy:
  • Albania, relations with,95
  • disarmament,225n
  • Turkey, relations with, 749
  • United States, relations with, 765
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, Turkey, 86, 89, 94, 95–96, 658–659, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 793–794, 798–801, 807–809, 811–814
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 324, 330–331, 335, 362, 386, 387, 442, 463, 465, 469
• Iverson, Kenneth, 652
• Iwaskiewicz, Edward, 176, 255, 267, 284
• Jacobsson, Per, 275, 405, 442, 461, 462, 463, 466, 468, 471
• Jaffe, Irene,223n
• Janczewski, Zbigniew, 192, 295
• Japan, 241, 344, 348, 724
• Jaroszek, Henryk,82n
• Jaroszewicz, Piotr, 137, 190, 294
  • U.S. visit:
    • Dillon, meeting with,271–275
    • Eisenhower, meeting with,268–271
    • Herter, meeting with,277–280
• Jaszczuk, Boleslaw,142–146, 183
• Jedrychowski, Stefan, 134
• Johnson, Charles E.,55n
• Johnson, Richard E., 267
• Johnson, Valdemar N.L., 135, 182, 226, 236–237
• Johnston, Eric, 21
• Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., 108, 109, 121, 325, 548n, 614, 709–712, 857n,894n
• Joint U.S. Mission for Military Aid to Greece (JUSMAGG), 704, 709–712
• Joint U.S. Mission for Military Aid to Turkey (JUSMMAT), 860
• Jones, G. Lewis, 715, 718–719, 727, 816, 868n
• Jones, Owen T., 605, 709, 757, 805, 814
  • Greek-U.S. relations, 608, 609, 668n,698n, 710
  • Turkish-U.S. relations,807–809, 834n, 843, 851, 852
• Jordan, 343, 344, 345, 729n, 739
• Jussila, Mauno, 494
• Justice, U.S. Department of, 106, 368
• Kadar, Janos,338n
• Kaganovich, Lazar M., 76
• Kaila (Finland), 518, 519n
• Kajatsalo, Kaarlo, 494
• Kallis, Selma G., 146, 149n
• Kamitz, Reinhard, 470
• Kaplan, Jacob J., 766
• Karamanlis, Konstantine, 610, 632n,688n
  • Eisenhower’s visit to Greece, 688, 689–694
  • European-Greek relations, 703, 704
  • King Paul’s assessments, 707, 708
  • McGhee’s visit to Greece,652–655
  • NIE on,634
  • politico-economic assessments,700–702, 732–734
  • prewar foreign bonds,664–665, 698n,705–706, 707, 714–715, 724
  • resignation of,609
  • resumption of power, 613
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey, 662, 666, 668n
  • U.S.-Greek relations,682–687, 713, 719
• Kardelj, Edward, 474
• Karjalainen, Ahti, 588
• Kassimatis, Gregory, 605
• Katz, Abraham, 103, 265n, 271, 284, 285, 359, 402, 461
• Katz, Julius L.,187n
• Kearney, Richard D.,64n
• Kearns, Henry, 248, 250–251, 764
• Kekkonen, Urho,519n, 520, 537–538
• governing coalitions, 526
  • Soviet-Finnish relations, 486, 502, 522–524, 527, 584–585, 589–593
  • U.S. Embassy (Helsinki) assessments,574–575
  • U.S.-Finnish relations, 539, 542, 547, 561, 564, 588, 599
• Kennan, George F.,129–133, 432–436
• Kennedy, John F.,64n, 335
• Keppel, John,223–224
• Khrushchev, Nikita S., 19, 21, 134, 184, 196, 346, 474n, 542, 730, 731
  • Albanian-Soviet relations,86–88, 91, 92, 95–96, 677–678
  • Berlin,395–396, 407–408
  • China, People’s Republic of-Soviet relations, 389, 459–460
  • Cuba visit,446
  • disarmament, 691, 820
  • Finnish-Soviet relations, 528, 529, 538
  • German Democratic Republic, 204
  • Greek-Soviet relations, 659, 662, 688, 690
  • Heads of Government meeting, 693
  • Polish-Soviet relations,111n, 115, 143n,214–216, 223
  • Turkish-Soviet relations, 813, 882
  • U-2 airplane incident, 63, 430, 431, 719–720, 841
  • U.S.-Soviet relations,289
    • five-power U.N. resolution calling for a summit, 728
  • U.S. visit,40–41, 59, 205, 259, 389, 392, 454, 679–680, 825
  • Voice of America broadcasting, 49
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations, 363, 459
• Kirca, Coskun, 837, 839, 840
• Kirlin, Florence,299n
• Kistiakowsky, GeorgeB.,52–53
• Klein, Herbert G., 256
• Knight, Ridgway B., 162
• Knight, Robert H., 793, 809n, 811
• Kogan, Leonid, 12
• Kohler, Foy D., 46, 70, 83, 84n,102–104, 141, 149n, 150, 158, 172, 173, 174, 187, 190, 192, 221n,299n, 342, 455
  • Balkan Pact,370n
  • Polish-German relationship, 200, 201
  • Polish-U.S. relations,142–146, 180, 181, 182n
    • American property claims,187–189, 230, 231, 265–267
    • Gomulka’s public speeches,152n
    • Mueller’s visit, 264
    • Nixon’s visit,224–225
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 285, 299–301
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations,334–337
• Kole, Julian, 175
• Kolev, Christo, 98
• Kommunist (Yugoslav publication),320n, 428
• Koraltan (Turkey), 876
• Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of, 322, 645
• Korea, Republic of, 724, 849, 862
• Korean war, 394
• Kosola, Niilo, 494
• Kotlicki, Remryk, 178, 229–230, 231, 261, 266, 294n
• Kretzmann, Edwin M.J., 174
• Kuneralp (Turkey), 862, 864
• Kurdish people, 849
• Kveder, Dusan, 346
• Kyriakopoulos (Greece), 638
• Lacy, William S.B.,1n, 2, 9–13, 41, 59, 60, 61–62
• Laingen, L. Bruce,601–602, 709, 721n
• Lambrakis (Greece),611–612
• Lange, Oskar, 152, 190
• Lathram, L. Wade, 605
• Latin America, 4, 6, 79, 82, 83, 433–434, 445–446
• Lay, James S., 292
• Lebanon, 338, 343–349, 743, 768
• Leddy, John M., 228, 437, 466n,467n,744n, 759
• Leskinen, Vaino, 494
• Leverich, Henry P.,83n,84n,155n
• Levin, Zev,656–657, 658
• Lewand, Frank, J., 22
• Lewandowski, Bogdan,244n, 268, 271, 277
• Liatis, Alexis S.,650–652, 682, 725n
• Lieftinck, Pieter,415n
• Life magazine, 44, 98
• Lincoln, Francis F., 602, 763
• Lindblom, Olavi, 494
• Lloyd, Selwyn, 363, 397n,467n,468n,617n
• Lobenstine, James C.,299n
• Logofet, Alexander, 59
• Lukanov, Karlo, 97, 99
• Lychowski, Tadeusz, 142, 248, 255, 271, 283
  • American property claims, 229, 231, 285
  • GATT membership for Poland,146–150
  • most-favored-nation status for Poland,267–268
  • surplus agricultural commodities, 230, 261, 265n
  • U.S.-Polish economic assistance negotiations,172–175, 176, 180–181, 281–282
• Lyytinen, Jaakko, 496
• Maakansa (Finnish publication), 595
• MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 395
• Machado, Gerardo, 445
• Macmillan, Harold, 767, 824
• Macovescu, George, 70
• Macy, Mr., 512, 851
• Madanoglu, General, 858
• Magill, Robert N., 793
• Makris, Fotis,638–639, 640, 656–657, 658n
• Malenkov, Georgi M., 76
• Malinovsky, Rodin Y., 87
• Malles (ICFTU), 642
• Mann, Thomas C., 275
• Mannerheim, Gustav, 588, 591
• Marcy, Oliver M.,320–324, 709, 818, 819
• Mark, David E., 18
• Markezinis, Spyros, 667, 700
• Markovic, Svetozar, 376, 377, 384
• Markovich, Col. George, 98
• Marshall, Gen. George C., 557
• Marshall Plan, 822, 823
• Martin, Edwin M., 275, 281–282, 283–284, 285, 295n,299–301
• Martin, General, 793, 794
• Martin, Graham, 444
• Martinovic, Slobodan, 359
• Mason, Professor, 815
• Mates, Leo,306–307, 323, 333–334, 371, 391, 414, 432, 444, 453, 455
• Mathews, Elbert G., 793
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 306
• Mayer, Ernest, 496, 500n, 511, 517n
• McCollum, Robert S., 305, 331
• McCone, John A., 866
• McElroy, Neil H., 29, 661, 663, 664, 788
• McGhee, George C.,652–655, 791
• McIntosh, Dempster,636n
• McKisson, Robert M.,82n,101n
• Meany, George,638–639
• Melas, George V.,601–602, 695
• Melas, Michel, 675
• Melbourne, Roy, 772
• Menderes, Adnan,676n,753n, 837, 876
  • execution of,901n
  • government overthrown,720n, 731, 844, 845
  • NIE on, 785
  • Republican People’s Party, 789, 834, 840, 841, 842
  • Syrian-Egyptian union, 737, 738
  • Turkish economic situation,742–743, 756, 760, 761, 892
  • U.S.-Turkish relations,791–792, 796, 816–817, 819, 820, 824
• Menshikov, Mikhail A., 19, 38
• Merchant, Livingston T., 46, 155–157, 176, 178–179, 302, 303, 517n,568n, 675, 679, 702, 718, 843
• Merrill, Frederick, 41
• Metzger, Stanley D.,187n,764–765
• Meyer, Robert, 763, 805
• Middle East, 338
  • East-West exchanges, effects of, 4, 6
  • oil, 692
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 51
  • Turkey, relations with, 774, 822, 824, 890–891, 902
  • United States, relations with, 615, 625, 645, 646, 739, 777–778, 821
  • Yugoslav concerns,342–349
• Miettunen, Martti, 494
• Mikoyan, Anastas I., 583
• Military Assistance Program (MAP),619–620, 637, 648, 649, 680, 681, 721, 722, 735, 762, 788, 807, 895
• Millard (ICFTU), 642
• Miller, Clarence L., 251
• Miller, Brig. Gen. Frederic H., 866
• Miller, William K.,592–595
• Millot (France), 96
• Milovanovic, Vasilije, 334, 335, 359
• Milutinovic, Ivan,337–338
• Mincev, Nikola,461–466
• Mitchell, Vinton, 763, 765, 766
• Modrzewski, Franciszek, 134, 142, 146–149
• Moiseyev Dance Company, 12
• Molotov, Vyachaslav M., 76
• Monroney, A.S.,717n
• Morawski, Jerzy, 23, 263
• Morgan, Gerald D., 292
• Morin, General, 854, 856
• Morocco, 882
• Mosadeq, Mohammed, 739
• Moscow Declaration of 1957, 212, 213
• Mostar, Munir, 757, 759
• Mueller, Frederick H.,101n,248–250, 264
• Mukhitdinov, N.A., 87
• Munro, Dana, 650, 651–652, 665, 682, 715n, 723
• Murphy, Robert D., 121, 172, 173, 180, 182–188, 237–239, 668n, 689, 793, 799n, 824
• My Fair Lady, 67, 70
• Myerson, Jacob M.,570n
• Nagy, Imre,122n, 127, 164, 322n, 338
• Naim, Prince Mohamed, 822
• Nash, Frank C., 729, 802
• Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 328, 343, 344, 346–347, 349, 474n, 695, 729, 731, 791, 822, 825, 891, 902
• Naszkowski (Poland), 122
• National Intelligence Estimates (NIE) (see also Special National Intelligence Estimates):
  • NIE 10–58, 171
  • NIE 11–4–58, 171
  • NIE 11–4–59, 423
  • NIE 12.6–58,139–140, 171, 423
  • NIE 12–58, 171
  • NIE 12–59, 423
  • NIE 28.5–54, 485
  • NIE 31–57, 359, 423
  • NIE 32–56, 631, 634n
  • NIE 32–58,634–635, 649
  • NIE 33–56, 744, 784
  • NIE 33–58,784–786
• National Security Council (NSC):
  • actions:
    • No. 1114, 66
    • No. 1365, 66
    • No. 1775, 105
    • No. 1781, 105
    • No. 1837, 330
    • No. 1862, 105
    • No. 1865,118n
    • No. 1896,109–110
    • No. 1927,162n
    • No. 2091, 28
    • No. 2113,537n, 548
    • No. 2132, 550, 551n
    • No. 2171, 829
    • No. 2215, 286, 292, 432, 884
    • No. 2250, 286, 292
    • No. 2255, 884
    • No. 2311,887
  • documents:
    • NSC 5403, 499, 500, 510, 527, 548–550, 551n
      • OCB Progress Report, 478, 484–491
      • OCB Report,537–538
      • OCB Special Report,505–512
    • NSC 5505/1, 105
    • NSC 5607, 106, 119
    • NSC 5608/1, 105, 108, 109–110
    • NSC 5616/2, 105, 106n
    • NSC 5704/3, 105, 106n, 118
    • NSC 5705,106n
    • NSC 5705/1, 105
    • NSC 5706/2, 105, 106n, 119, 329, 331
    • NSC 5708/2, 818, 825, 828–829, 853
      • OCB Reports,741–744, 768–771, 825–828
    • NSC 5718,615n
    • NSC 5718/1,726–727
      • OCB Progress Report,613–620
      • OCB Report,643–649
    • NSC 5726/1, 105, 106n,117n
    • NSC 5801/1,110–120, 163, 165, 286, 291, 292, 294
    • NSC 5802,120n
    • NSC 5802/1, 106, 119–120
    • NSC 5805,312–319, 325
    • NSC 5805/1, 325, 399–402
      • OCB Reports, 432, 467, 473–476
    • NSC 5808,106–110, 286
    • NSC 5808/1,111–120, 227, 236–237, 277
      • OCB Reports,163–171, 276–277
    • NSC 5810/1, 229
    • NSC 5811/1, 81, 82, 95, 96, 102
    • NSC 5914, 548, 549–550
    • NSC 5914/1,551–556, 596n
    • NSC 5914/3, 600
    • NSC 6015, 884, 885, 887
    • NSC 6015/1, 887, 888–889
    • NSC 6024,596–600
  • meetings:
    • 243d, Mar. 31, 1955,66n
    • 288th, June 19, 1956, 793n
    • 362d, Apr. 14, 1958, 105–110, 325
    • 369th, June 19, 1958, 162n
    • 376th, Aug. 14, 1958, 484n
    • 401st, Apr. 2, 1959, 177
    • 406th, May 13, 1959, 804–805
    • 407th, May 21, 1959, 25–28
    • 408th, May 28, 1959, 28–29
    • 414th, July 23, 1959, 548n
    • 420th, Oct. 1, 1959, 548–550
    • 428th, Dec. 10, 1959, 688
    • 429th, Dec. 16th, 1959, 695
    • 430th, Jan. 7, 1960, 828–829
    • Jan. 15, 1960, 786
    • 433d, May 5, 1960, 836
    • 440th, Apr. 7, 1960, 286
    • May 24, 1960, 843
    • 446th, May 31, 1960, 848–849
    • 447th, June 8, 1960, 849
    • 448th, June 22, 1960, 286
    • 449th, June 30, 1960, 852–853
    • 461st, Sept. 29, 1960, 726–727, 884–888
  • Polish-U.S. relations,105–120
  • Turkish rebellion,848–849
• Navy, U.S.,857n
• Near East. See Middle East
• Ndreu, General (Albania), 74
• Nehru, Jawaharlal,474n, 842
• Neidle, Alan, 366
• Nelson, Harvey F., Jr., 496, 517n,543n, 557
• Nepal, 449
• Netherlands, 253, 305, 465, 470
• New Zealand, 729
• Niemeyer, Sir Otto Ernst, 665
• Nikezic, Marko, 375, 388, 402–404, 409, 411, 429, 455, 461
• Nixon, Patricia, 220
• Nixon, Richard M.,256–260
  • Poland visit,190–191, 196–197, 217–219, 296
    • Captive Nations Week Proclamation,192–195
    • economic assistance,206–210
    • Eisenhower’s (Milton) assessments,221–223
    • Germany, Federal Republic of,198–204, 206
    • media issues,210–214
    • OCB assessments, 227, 276
    • INR assessments,223–224
    • Soviet-Polish relations,214–216
    • Spasowski–Kohler meeting,224–225
    • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments,219–221
  • Radio Free Europe, 242
  • Soviet-U.S. relations:
    • technical/scientific and cultural exchanges,26–28, 35n visit, 36
    • Zhukov, meeting with,19–22
• Nkrumah, Kwame,474n
• Norstad, Gen. Lauris, 614, 650, 668, 669n, 678, 695, 713, 744, 788, 801, 807, 863, 866–867, 868, 886, 900–901
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (see also U.S. and NATO missile bases under Nuclear weapons), 20, 80, 165, 324
  • Albanian-Soviet relations,89–91, 94
  • Balkan region,86–87, 667
  • Cyprus dispute, 616, 655
  • defensive nature of,123–144, 151
  • Finland, 514, 521
  • German rearmament,143–144
  • Greece,617–618, 623, 625, 635, 644, 646, 654, 655, 660, 686, 694–695, 718, 720, 735, 736
  • Heads of Government meeting, 733
  • MC–70 program, 637, 643–644, 647–648, 681, 770, 856, 894
  • modern weaponry, 813
  • Nordic bloc, 530, 536n, 599
  • Polish-German relations, 243, 407
  • Status of Forces agreements, 883
  • Tito’s attacks on, 323, 328
  • Turkey, 741, 743, 744, 746, 769, 771, 772, 824, 836, 861, 885–886, 887, 889, 899
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges,4–5
• Norway, 483, 487, 530, 536n,539n, 599
• Nuclear energy, 626, 640
• Nuclear weapons (see also Disarmament):
  • Albania, 93, 95–96
  • Balkan nuclear-free zone, proposed,666–667
  • Baruch Plan,244n
  • Bulgaria, 93, 94, 95
  • Greece, 93, 94, 95–96, 644, 659–660, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 788, 793–794, 798–801
  • Italy,95–96
  • Poland, 143, 164, 235
  • Rapacki Plan, 123, 127, 134, 144–145, 169–170, 203, 243–244, 486
  • Soviet Union,95–96
  • testing agreements, 408, 431, 719n
  • Turkey, 94, 744, 788, 793–794, 798–901, 807–809, 811–814
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, Turkey, 86, 89, 94, 95–96, 658–659, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 793–794, 798–801, 807–809, 811–814
  • Yugoslavia, 351
• Oberlander, Theodor, 198
• Ochab, Edward, 262
  • U.S. visit,245
    • agricultural issues,251–255, 257
    • Germany, Federal Republic of,237–239, 245–247
    • most-favored-nation status,247–248
    • Nixon, meeting with,256–260
    • trade issues,248–251
• O’Connor, Jeremiah J.,55n,160n,226–227, 305, 500, 702
• Oder-Neisse border (Poland-West Germany), 132, 144, 165, 169, 184, 236, 244, 407n
• Office of Civil Defense Management, U.S.,35n
• Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM), U.S., 325
• Okyar, Osman, 839
• Operations Coordinating Board (OCB):
  • Albania, 102
  • Finland,484–491, 507–512, 537–538
    • Operations Plan,577–585
  • Greece,613–631, 643–649, 665, 697
    • Operations Plans,620–631, 649, 665, 697
  • Poland,160–172, 226–227, 276–277, 291, 292, 294, 577–583
    • Operations Plan232–237
  • Turkey,741–744, 768–784, 786, 804, 818–819, 825–828, 832–833, 843–844, 851–852
    • Operations Plans,772–784, 786, 804, 818–819, 843–844
    • Special Report,753–755
  • U.S. military and civilian employees serving abroad, 711
  • Yugoslavia, 305, 399–402, 432, 473–476
    • Operations Plans,350–359, 385, 416–429
• Orfenov, A., 69
• Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), 405, 695n
  • European Free Trade Association, relations with,606n, 821
  • Finland, 487
  • Turkey, 745, 748, 749, 750, 752, 753n, 754, 756, 768, 772, 816, 826, 881, 892
  • Yugoslavia, 404, 406, 471–472
• Organization of American States (OAS), 433, 445
• O’Shaughnessy, Elim,308–309, 337, 363–366, 410–413, 432n, 437, 444, 445n
• Paasio, Rafael, 494
• Page, Edward, Jr., 97–100
• Pakistan, 373, 791, 798, 822, 890
• Pakkanen, Atte, 494
• Palamas (Greece), 726
• Palestine Conciliation Commission (PCC), 891
• Papaligouras, Panayiotis,605–609
• Paraguay, 869
• Patterson, John S., 325
• Paul I, King of Greece, 609, 610, 611, 688, 689, 707–708, 900
• Payne, C. Robert, 41
• Pella, Giuseppe,397n, 824
• Penfield, James K., 604, 605, 609n
• Peng Tehuai, 87
• Persons, Gen. Wilton B., 291, 292
• Peters, Roberta, 68, 69
• Philadelphia Symphony Orchestra, 12
• Pitblado, D.B., 468
• Pirkham (FRG), 472
• Plaku, General (Albania), 74
• Poland, 55, 56, 92, 142–146, 158, 172–175, 182–187, 264, 549
  • American property claims,175–181, 187–189, 206–210, 229–231, 244n, 248, 261, 265–267, 281–282, 283–286, 294
  • SS Batory, 170
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 82, 83
  • Communist Party, 159
    • Eleventh Plenum of the Central Committee, 125
    • Golmulka’s organization of,127–128
    • Third Polish Party Congress,177–178, 182, 183–185
  • economic situation,125–126, 146
    • reforming the system,262–263
    • Soviet aid,112–113
    • U.S. Embassy (Poland) assessments,289–290
  • Export-Import Bank loans, 293
  • GATT membership,138–139, 141–142, 147–150, 168, 228–229
  • German Democratic Republic, 206
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with,145–146, 151, 183–184, 237–239
    • Eisenhower–Jaroszewicz meeting,269–270
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit, 278
    • Nixon–Gomulka meeting,198–204, 206, 216–217
    • Nixon–Ochab meeting, 258
    • OCB assessments, 162, 168–169, 227
    • Oder-Neisse border, 132, 144, 165, 169, 236, 246, 407n
    • Radio Free Europe,212
    • rearmament,143–144, 164, 242–243
    • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments,154–155
  • Gomulka’s ascent to power, 111, 115–116, 117
  • Gomulka’s public speeches, 151, 156
  • Nixon’s visit,190–191, 196–197, 217–219
    • Captive Nations Week Proclamation,192–195
  • Eisenhower’s (Milton) assessments,221–223
  • Germany, Federal Republic of,198–204, 206
  • media issues,210–214
  • Spasowski–Kohler meeting,224–225
  • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments,219–221
• political situation (see also Communist Party above ):
  • INR assessments,280–281
  • liberalization,129–133
  • NIE on,139–140
  • Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR),23
  • public statements on (U.S. and Polish),135–138, 150–152, 184–186
  • Rapacki–Herter meeting,240–244
  • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments,123–129, 153–155, 159–160, 288–290
  • prewar foreign bonds, 665
  • Soviet bloc, relations with,280–281
    • OCB assessments, 232
    • Poland distinguished from, 106, 111, 126–127
    • Soviet position,117
    • trade issues,112–113, 301
    • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments, 288
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 107, 116, 126–127, 128
    • American media,210–212
    • conflict possibilities,121
    • economic issues,112–113, 263
    • German Democratic Republic, 204
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, 164
    • INR assessments, 178
    • Nixon’s visit to Poland,214–216
    • Oder-Neisse border, 132
    • OCB assessments, 232, 233–234
    • Polish-Soviet Friendship Treaty of 1945,151n
    • U.S. Embassy (Warsaw) assessments,122–123, 154, 288
    • U.S. policy,108–109
  • United Nations,295–299
  • United States, relations with (see also Nixon’s visit above ),302–303
    • agricultural cooperation,251–255, 257
    • cultural and educational exchanges,22–25
    • German Democratic Republic, 247
    • Germany, Federal Republic of,237–239
    • Herter–Ochab meeting,245–248
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit,268–280
    • Nixon–Ochab meeting,256–260
    • OCB assessments,160–172, 226–227, 232–237, 276–277
    • Stevenson’s visit, 134
    • Surplus Property Agreement,215
    • visa difficulties, 171
  • U.S. asylum for Polish seaman, 163
  • U.S. economic assistance, 105, 155–157, 159, 160–162, 166–167, 175–181, 186, 206–210, 281–282, 283–286
  • U.S. economic relations with (see also American property claims above ; U.S. trade relations with below ),516–518
    • Jaroszewicz’s U.S. visit,278–279
    • OCB assessments, 227, 234–235
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 114, 161n, 261, 267, 282, 283–286, 299–301
  • U.S. policy,105–120, 165–166, 287
    • OCB Operations Plan,232–236
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges, 8
  • U.S. trade relations with,248–251
    • most-favored-nation status, 149, 157, 168, 173, 176, 179, 188, 206, 208, 209, 247–248, 250, 267–268, 272–273, 291–292, 293–295, 302
  • Western countries, relations with,113–115, 126
• Polatkan, Hasan,757–758, 759, 796, 844, 876, 901n
• Polish United Workers Party (PZPR), 23
• Popovic, Koca, 346, 371, 388–391, 430, 431, 444, 445n, 453, 455, 728
• Popovic, Nenad, 403
• Popovic, Vladimir, 437, 444
• Porter, Dwight J., 793
• Portugal,539n
• Potsdam Conference, 1945 (see also Oder-Neisse border),132n, 198
• Powers, Francis Gary, 63
• Primozic, Franc,334–337, 342–345, 359–361, 397, 437
• Protopapadakis, Aristides,602n, 605, 721n
• Qassim, Gen. Abdul Karim, 825
• Quarles, Donald A., 108, 109, 793, 794, 800–801
• Quemoy Islands, 143, 394
• Raczkowski, Stanislaw, 176, 284
• Radford, Adm. Arthur W., 791
• Radio Baikal, 42, 46
• Radio Cairo, 347
• Radio Caucasus, 42, 46
• Radio Free Europe (RFE), 45, 107, 115, 212–214, 221n, 222, 241–242, 244n, 278
• Radio Free Russia, 42, 46
• Radio Liberation,45–46
• Radio Moscow,212–213
• Randall, Clarence B., 823
• Rankin, Karl L.,304n,337–339
  • Balkan Pact,370n
  • Tito’s Near and Far East Trip,372–373
  • Yugoslav-U.S. relations,371–372
    • credits request, 376, 381–386
    • economic issues,374–376, 414–415
    • Middle East crisis,346–349
    • Tito’s speeches,326–329, 397–398, 409–410
    • U.S. assistance and Mutual Security Act provisions,331–332
    • U.S. military assistance program, termination of,310–312, 340–342, 368–370
• Rankovic, Alexander, 327, 328
• Rapacki, Adam, 134, 190, 191, 192, 195, 202–203, 212, 213, 240–244
• Rapacki Plan (see also Disarmament), 123, 127, 134, 144–145, 152, 169–170, 203, 243–244, 486
• Raymond, John M.,187n
• Red Flag (Chinese publication), 409, 410
• Reinhardt, G. Frederick, 121, 818
• Reuther, Walter,638–639
• Rhee, Syngman,724n
• Richards, James P., 778
• Rickover, Adm. Hyman G., 190, 191, 220
• Riddleberger, James W., 278, 300, 304, 610–611, 632n, 637, 638–639, 640, 702, 843, 851
• Roberts, Walter R., 41
• Robinson, Hamlin, 603, 650, 682
• Rockefeller Foundation programs, 24, 25
• Rodopoulos, Constantine, 706
• Rogers, William P.,5n,7–8, 35n, 171
• Romania, 55, 56, 70, 95, 225n
• Roosevelt, Franklin, 874
• Rootham (UK), 496
• Ross, Michael,641n
• Rountree, William M.,603n, 605, 606, 607, 608, 640, 737, 738, 793, 804, 805
• Rukavina (Yugoslavia), 364, 397
• Rusk, Dean,64n
• Ryne, Charles S., 13
• Rzepka, Zbigniew, 180
• Saccio, Leonard J., 161, 818
• Sanderson, Fred H., 766
• Sarper, Selim, 731, 746, 845, 847, 849, 854, 865, 869, 879–883, 900
• Saudi Arabia, 740
• Schaff, Adam, 288
• Scherpenberg, Albert H. van, 468
• Schevenels, Walther, 638, 640, 656
• Scribner, Fred C., 163, 512, 702, 885, 886
• Segni, Antonio,397n, 824
• Seppala, Richard R., 557
• Sessions, Edson O.,558–567, 571–577, 586–587, 589–590
• Shehu, Mehmet, 74, 88
• Shelton, Turner B., 41
• Sherer, Albert W., 142, 150, 160–161, 187n, 191, 224–225, 226, 227, 240n,244n, 245, 265n, 267, 268
• Shipkov, Mikhail, 99
• Shuff, Charles H., 793
• Siscoe, Frank G., 25, 60, 231
• Sissman, Louise, 763, 764, 765, 766
• Slovenia, 324
• Slovenija (Yugoslav ship) incident, 369
• Smith, Bromley,232n,276n, 292, 399n, 432, 643n,825n
• Smith, Frederick, Jr., 366
• Smith, Gerard C.,54–55, 513–514, 866
• Smith, James H., Jr., 511–512
• Smole, Janko, 437, 471
• Sobolev, Arkady N., 46
• Socialism and War (Kardelj), 474
• Soldatov, Aleksandr A., 46
• Sooy, Raymond W.,483n
• Southard, Frank B.,461n
• Soviet Bloc (see also Albania; Bulgaria; Czechoslovakia; East-West exchanges; East-West trade; German Democratic Republic; Poland; Romania; Soviet Union; Yugoslavia):
  • Albanian economic assistance, 75
  • Finland, relations with,583–585
  • Greece, relations with, 618, 624, 635
  • U.S. policy, 81, 82, 107–108, 165
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges, 1, 4, 6, 32, 50–51
• Soviet Culture, 69
• Soviet Union (see also Khrushchev, Nikita S.; U-2
• airplane incident), 145, 225n,323n, 391, 430, 448, 821
  • Albania, see Soviet Union under Albania
  • Balkan region,86–87
  • Baruch Plan,244n
  • Berlin,201n, 408, 434–435
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 77
  • China, People’s Republic of, 363, 389–390, 393–394, 409–410, 431, 459–460, 730
  • Communist Party, 73, 76, 159n
  • Cuba, relations with,445–446
  • disarmament, 408, 454
  • Finland, see Soviet Union under Finland
  • German Democratic Republic, 116, 246, 434n
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, 247, 407
  • Greece, see Soviet Union under Greece Iran, relations with,791–792
  • Middle East crisis, 344, 347, 348
  • Poland, see Soviet Union under Poland
  • Syria, relations with, 737, 741
  • Turkey, relations with:
    • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey, 813
    • Provisional Government of Turkey, 849, 862, 875, 882, 890
  • underdeveloped countries, relations with, 820
  • United States, relations with (see also U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges under East-West exchanges),273n,412–413, 431, 728, 448, 823–824
    • American culture in Soviet Union,67–70
    • Voice of America broadcasting,47–48
    • Zhukov–Nixon meeting,19–22
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, Turkey, 86, 89, 94, 95–96, 658–659, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 793–794, 798–801, 807–809, 811–814
  • Yugoslavia, see Soviet Union under Yugoslavia
• Sovietskaya Kultura, 69
• Spaak, Paul Henri,667n, 733
• Spahim (Albania), 74
• Spain, 405, 407, 443, 445, 465
• Spang, 603
• Spangler, George W., 180, 187n
• Spasowski, Romuald, 142, 150, 152n, 172, 190, 237, 245, 248, 251, 256, 268, 271, 277, 302
  • Oder-Neisse border,183–184
  • Rapacki Plan,144–145
  • U.S.-Polish relations, 158, 182
  • public statements,135–138, 185–187
• Spear, Moncrieff J., 101, 102, 366
• Special National Intelligence Estimates (SNIE) (see also National Intelligence Estimates):
  • SNIE 33–60,857–862, 884
  • SNIE 31/1–57, 359
• Spengler, William F., 266
• Sprague, Mansfield D., 613, 614
• Sprouse, Philip D.,641–642
• Spychalski, Marian, 137, 185n
• Staats, Elmer B.,616n,741n, 885
• Stans, Maurice H., 29
• Stefan, Charles G.,97–98
• SS Stefan Batory (Polish ship), 170
• Stefanov, Jordan, 97, 98
• Stern, Isaac,67–69
• Stevens (UK), 469
• Stevenson, Adlai E., 13, 134
• Stoessel, Walter,466n,869n
• Stokowski, Leopold, 12
• Strauss, Franz-Josef, 152, 184
• Stull, Lee T.,288n
• Sudan, 373
• Suez crisis, 200, 338, 610
• Sukarno, 372
• Sukselainen, Vieno J., 493, 526, 539
• Sutterlin, James S., 342, 370n, 388, 429
• Sweden, 188, 455, 465, 470, 472, 483, 539n
• Switzerland, 188, 442, 455, 465, 470, 473, 539n
• Syria, 328, 347, 373, 737–738, 741, 769, 774, 791
• Szyr, Eugeniusz, 262
• Taiwan, 259, 394, 450, 729, 730
• Tanner, Vaino, 585
• Tate, Colonel, 854, 856
• Tatev, Christo, 103
• Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D.,108–109
• Tewson, Sir Vincent, 642
• Thayer, Robert H., 41
• Thebom, Blanche, 12
• Theodorou (Greece), 640, 642
• Thompson, Llewllyn E., 44, 46
• Thurston, Ray L., 866
• Tibet, 450
• Timmons, Benson E.L., III, 295, 793
• Tims, Richard W., 302
• Tinbergen, Professor, 815
• Tito, Josip Broz, 74, 116, 122, 127, 370–371, 374, 430, 431, 611, 728, 731
  • Algeria,453–454
  • Balkan region, 397, 398
  • China, People’s Republic of, U.N. membership,449–450
  • Congo rebellion,452–453
  • Cuba,444–447
  • international role for,322–324
  • Kennan, meeting with,432–436
  • Near and Far East trip,372–373
  • public speeches,326–329, 409–410
  • Soviet-Yugoslav relations,312–313, 315–316, 320, 321–322
  • U-2 airplane incident,411n,412–413, 448
  • U.S.-Yugoslav relations,371–372, 410–411
    • economic issues,414–415
    • official visits,391–396
    • U.S. Near East policy,346–349
    • visit to U.S., 454, 455–460
• Todorovic, Mijalko,376–381, 383, 384, 385, 437–444
• Tokarski, Julian, 262
• Toker, Metin, 837
• Tong, Hollington,9–10
• Torngren, Ralf, 526, 557–558
• Trampczynski, Witold, 249
• Treasury, U.S. Department of the,35n, 228, 512, 603
• Treaty of Bled, 1954,621n
• Treaty of Paris, 1947,690n
• Trybuna Ludu (Polish newspaper), 197
• Tsatos, Constantine, 689
• Tunisia, 882
• Turkes, Colonel, 854, 856, 858, 862, 864
• Turkey, 75, 347, 405, 443, 455, 620, 621n, 692, 749
  • armed forces retirement plan,854–857, 862n,866–867
  • Balkan Pact,370–371
  • Bulgaria, relations with, 77, 79–80, 81
  • Committee of National Unity,852–853
  • martial law, 833
  • Menderes government overthrown, 724, 731, 844
  • economic situation:
    • debt repayment,804
    • international support, 465
    • NSC assessments,891–894
    • OCB assessments,742–743, 753–755
    • Provisional Government of Turkey,874–875
    • SNIE on,860–861
    • stabilization (economic) program,755–767, 787, 792, 825–826
    • U.S. policy,744–745
  • Eisenhower–Gursel correspondence, 850, 868
  • Greece, relations with (see also Cyprus dispute), 644, 655
  • Middle East, relations with, 786, 825, 890–891, 902
  • political situation:
    • NIE on,784–786
    • NSC assessments,884–888
    • OCB assessments,768–771, 843–844, 851–852
    • SNIE on,857–860, 861–862
    • U.S. policy,773–779
  • political unrest in Turkey,836–839
  • Provisional Government of Turkey,845–848, 849, 862–864, 869–878, 881–882, 888–890, 901–902
  • Republican People’s Party,789–790, 830–835, 839–840, 841, 842
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 813, 849, 862, 875, 882, 890
  • Syrian-Egyptian union,737–738
  • U-2 airplane incident,841–842
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 755, 763, 764–765, 767
  • United Nations, 240, 879–883
  • United States, relations with,791–792
    • Eisenhower’s visit to Turkey,819–823
    • OCB assessments,741–742
    • U.S. policy,776–777, 782–784
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, Turkey, 86, 89, 94, 95–96, 658–659, 661–664, 668–671, 678, 694–695, 793–794, 798–801, 807–809, 811–814
  • U.S. economic relations with, 740, 814, 815–816
    • counterpart release program,805–806, 809–810
    • stabilization (economic) program,759–760
    • U.S. policy,772–773, 780–781, 795–797, 897–899
  • U.S. military aid to, 650, 743–744, 762, 860
    • American community in Turkey,801–803, 819, 827
    • Greek position, 612
    • MAAG, 762
    • NSC assessments,894–896
    • OCB assessments,770–771
    • U.S. policy,781–782, 827, 897
  • U.S. policy toward, 769, 772–784, 795–797, 818, 825–829, 896–899
    • OCB Operations Plans,772–784, 786, 804, 818–819, 843–844
    • OCB Special Report,753–755
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 397
• Twining, Gen. Nathan F., 121, 866, 886
• U-2 airplane incident, 63, 411n,412–413, 430, 431, 448, 720, 728, 841–842, 883
• Ulbricht, Walter, 156
• U.N. Atomic Energy Commission,244n
• U.N. Economic and Social Council, 175, 240, 405
• United Arab Republic, 373, 727n,729n,737n
• United Kingdom, 145
  • Cyprus dispute, 617, 644, 655, 743, 891
  • disarmament, 225n
  • European Free Trade Association,539n,606n
  • German reunification, 202
  • Jordan, relations with, 343, 345
  • Mediterranean region, 692
  • Poland, relations with,188–189, 208, 798
  • Suez crisis, 200
  • Turkey, relations with, 755, 763, 764–765, 767
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 335, 379, 442, 463, 465, 469
• United Nations:
  • China, People’s Republic of, membership,449–450, 486
  • Congo rebellion,452–453
  • disarmament, 454
  • Greek-U.S. relations,727–732
  • Middle East crisis,343–345, 348
  • Poland, 119, 240–241
  • Tito’s visit,455–460
  • Turkey,879–883
  • U.S.-Polish relations,295–299
• Upton, T. Graydon, 471
• Urguplu, Ali S.H., 757, 805–806, 809–810, 816
• U.S. Information Agency (USIA),35n, 46
  • Finland,512
  • libraries overseas, 615
  • Poland, 24, 115, 235
  • Soviet Union, 43, 55–59, 164
  • Yugoslavia,424–425
• U.S. Information Service (USIS), 559, 646
• USSR (magazine), 30, 42
• Utt, James B., 367
• Vahervuori, T. Oskar,519n
• Vakhrushchev (USSR), 19
• Vedeler, Harold C., 103, 265, 277, 295n
• Vejvoda, Ivo, 323
• Venezuela, 212, 434
• Verykios, Panayiotis, 675
• Vima (Greek newspaper), 612
• Virolainen, Johannes, 494, 519n
• Voice of America (VOA),41–42, 45, 47–49, 115, 358–359, 626
• Volski, Yuri, 41, 59
• Voroshilov, Marshal Kliment Y., 151, 338n
• Voutov, Peter G.,84n,101–104
• Vukmanovic-Tempo, Svetozar N., 307, 428
• Wadsworth, James J., 728, 879, 882
• Wailes, Edward T.,760–762
• Waris, Klaus, 493, 496–499, 518, 519
• Warren, Fletcher, 737, 738–740, 744n,748n,753n,768n, 787, 791, 797n, 816, 835, 868n
  • armed forces retirement plan, 857
  • Provisional Government of Turkey,845–848, 869–878, 901–902
  • Turkish Republican People’s Party,830–832, 839–841, 842
  • economic issues,862–864
  • execution of former Turkish Government leaders, 865, 880
  • political unrest in Turkey,836–839
  • stabilization (economic) program,757–758
• Warren, Leonard, 12
• Warsaw Pact, 86, 88, 110, 324, 328, 600
• Washburn, Abbott,55n
• Washburn, Barr, 709
• Waugh, Samuel C., 278
• Weiss, Leonard, 376, 382–383, 437, 443, 444, 461
• West Europe, 50, 659, 692
  • East-West exchanges,50
  • foreign aid, 692
  • Greece, 703, 704, 733
  • Turkey, 756, 762, 804, 823, 893
  • Yugoslavia, 336, 378, 379, 440, 442, 443, 462, 463, 464
• West Germany. See Germany, Federal Republic of
• Western European Union (WEU), 407
• Whisenand, Brigadier General, 793
• White, Eric W.,138–139, 148, 149n
• White, Ivan B.,543n, 675, 866
• White, Gen. Thomas D., 121
• Whitman, Ann C.,221n
• Whitney, John H., 767
• Wiherheimo, Toivo, 494
• Williams, Manning H., 237
• Williams, Murat,601n,611–612, 613, 614, 615, 763, 764–765, 818, 819
• Willoughby, Woodbury,500n,586n
• Wilson, James M., Jr., 794
• Winiewicz, Jozef,122–123, 134, 150–152, 186–187, 192, 204, 231, 295, 302–303
• Witman, William, 2d, 675
• Wolf, Joseph J., 675
• Wolkonsky, Daniel, 41
• World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), 288, 656
• World War I, 247
• World War II, 198, 216–217, 247, 362n, 367, 575–576
• Wroclaw Congress of Writers (Poland), 23, 24
• Wycech, Czeslaw, 190
• Wyszynski, Stefan (Primate of Poland),124n,137n
• Yegenagac, Turgut, 839
• Yost, Robert C., 63, 766
• Yugoslavia, 611, 621n, 891
  • Albania, 86, 398
  • atomic energy, 351
  • Balkan Pact,370–371
  • Bulgaria, relations with,76–77, 79–80, 81, 362
  • China, People’s Republic of, 322, 449–451, 459
  • Communist Party,320–321
  • Dillon’s visit:
    • Algeria,453–454
    • China, People’s Republic of,449–451
    • Congo rebellion,452–453
    • Cuba,444–447
    • economic issues,437–444
    • international issues,448
  • economic situation,173n
    • OCB assessments, 401, 474–475
  • escapees/refugees,305–306, 329–331, 386–387
  • foreign exchange system,404–405
  • France, relations with, 339, 369, 413, 442, 470, 665
  • GATT membership, 147, 168
  • Germany, Federal Republic of, relations with, 335, 407, 435
    • monetary and trade program463, 465–466, 467, 468, 469–470
  • Greece, relations with, 614, 728
  • international relations,388–391
  • Italy, relations with, 324, 330–331, 335, 362, 386, 387, 442, 463, 465, 469
  • Middle East crisis,342–349
  • Poland, relations with, 116, 119, 164
  • political situation,337–339
    • NSC assessments,315–316
    • OCB assessments,399–401, 419–422, 473–476
    • U.S. Embassy (Belgrade) assessments,322–324, 328–329
  • prewar foreign bonds, 665, 673, 684–685, 698, 705, 707
  • Soviet-Albanian relations, 92
  • Soviet bloc, relations with,312–313, 326, 379, 397, 398, 399–400
    • CIA assessments,428–429
    • economic issues, 317
    • OCB assessments, 419, 474
    • U.S. assistance and Mutual Security Act provisions, 332
  • Soviet Union, relations with,313–316, 321–322, 326–328, 339, 349, 370, 399–400
    • amelioration efforts,390
    • economic issues, 361, 362, 406
    • Nagy incident, 338
    • NSC assessments,314–316
    • OCB assessments,474
    • postponement of credits, 335
    • U.S. Embassy (Belgrade) assessments,326–328
    • U.S. assistance and Mutual Security Act provisions, 332
  • Tito’s Near and Far East Trip,372–373
  • Tito’s U.N. appearance,455–460
  • U-2 airplane incident,412–413
  • United Kingdom, relations with, 335, 379, 442, 463, 465, 469
  • United States, relations with (see also Dillon’s visit above ), 312, 371–372, 410–411, 429–431
    • Artukovic extradition case,366–368
    • official visits,391–396
    • Tito-Kennan meeting,432–436
  • U.S. economic assistance,331–334
    • ICA programs,426–427
  • U.S. economic relations with,313–314, 334–337, 359, 362, 365–366, 406, 414–415
    • credits request,376–386
    • Export-Import Bank loans,360–361
    • investment financing,402–404
    • local currency releases,306–307
    • long-term arrangements,374–376
    • monetary and trade reform program, 430, 461–473, 477
    • OCB assessments, 417, 418, 422–423
    • surplus agricultural commodities, 305, 375
    • Technical Cooperation program,426–427
  • U.S. Information Agency,424–425
  • U.S. military assistance program, termination of,304n,308–310
    • finalization, 388
    • NSC assessments, 325
    • U.S. Embassy (Belgrade) assessments,340–342, 369–370
    • Yugoslav position,310–312, 363–365, 368–369
  • U.S. military sales to, 304, 313, 401, 427, 476
  • U.S. policy toward,317–319, 350–359, 402, 416–423, 476
    • OCB Operations Plans,350–359, 385, 416–429
  • U.S.-Soviet technical/scientific and cultural exchanges, 8
• Yugov, Anton, 76, 77, 99, 100
• Zakharov, A.V., 584
• Zapasnik, Franciszek, 175
• Zaroubin, Georgi N.,1n, 2, 61
• Zawadzki, Aleksander, 190
• Zhivkov, Todor, 76, 100, 102
• Zhukov, Georgi,19–22, 36, 40, 41–45, 46, 47–49, 59–62
• Zolotas, Xenophon,603n,664–665, 673–675, 682, 683, 707
• Zorlu, Fatin Rustu, 738, 744n,748n, 756, 791, 816, 876
  • Cyprus dispute, 676
  • Eisenhower’s visit to Turkey,819–824
  • execution of,901n
  • political unrest in Turkey,836–839
  • Saudi Arabia visit, 740
  • Syrian-Egyptian union,737–738
  • U.S. and NATO missile bases in Italy, Greece, and Turkey, 812
  • U.S.-Turkish economic relations, 746, 760, 796n,805–806, 809n, 814, 815–816