88. Telegram From the Ambassador in Vietnam (Durbrow) to the Department of State1
679. Ref: Embtel 655.2 Joint Embassy–USIS message. Based on nearly complete returns, appears about 90 percent participation eligible voters August 30 elections. Of 98 seats tallied thus far, NRM has won 61 and several GVN-supported independents also elected. Included among victors are Mr. and Mrs. Ngo Dinh Nhu; President, 2nd Vice-President and Secretary-General National Assembly and principal NRM leaders.
However in 6 of 9 Saigon districts GVN-supported candidates lost in surprise upsets. Dr. Dan,3 running against 13 candidates, won by absolute majority. Most notable NRM loser Ngo Trong Hieu former GVN rep Cambodia. In provinces present tally shows five victories independents over GVN-supported candidates including one in CVN. Evidence indicates actual voting carried out minimum GVN direct interference. NRM losses Saigon apparently attributable protest vote against NRM machinations.
In final 48 hours of campaign apparent change in GVN policy reversed trend noted reftel…. source reported Pres at last minute concerned over possible international reaction NRM machinations. On August 29 decision announced that those convicted violation election law would be permitted run despite earlier understanding they would be eliminated. Question now arises as to status at least three victors who previously convicted of election law violations, since election law calls for voiding contests where victors convicted certain violations that law. GVN presumably considering action to be taken those cases and some by-elections may be held.
Press carrying names winners and number votes received. No editorials yet. Tallies also being posted currently on big electoral board in public square Saigon.
[Page 230]Size vote—which especially large in provinces—not only indicates success GVN education, propaganda program, but perhaps more importantly, shows failure VC effort convince people not to vote. No incidents reported.
Obvious GVN will retain overwhelming control National Assembly. However, we believe election some non-GVN supported candidates should produce favorable reaction international press and may reduce criticisms regime by Saigon intellectuals who to end expected GVN give coup de grace to independent candidates. These beneficial results may be tempered by subsequent GVN court or other action against victorious independents.
VOA, IPS coverage should be straight and avoid (1) reference to GVN support some independents and (2) characterization independents as opposition.