Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954, The Near and Middle East, Volume IX, Part 1

780.5/2–454: Telegram

No. 190
The Ambassador in Turkey (Warren) to the Department of State¹

top secret
priority

Ankara, February 4, 1954—8 p.m.

803. Berlin for Secretary. Embtel 795² and Deptel 844,³ February 2.

Turkish Ambassador Karachi has informed Foreign Office initial meeting past week-end with Pakistani Governor General went off in cordial atmosphere. Ghulam Mohammed reacted favorably Ambassador’s outline Turkish proposed line of action and general nature proposed agreement. Foreign Minister, also present, appeared cautious but also agreed Turkish exposition. Foreign Office has queried Ambassador Karachi whether Pakistanis agree proposed procedure re diplomatic approaches to Iraq, India, Iran and Afghanistan, and whether Pakistan will also approach Iraq.

Governor General said Pakistanis would prepare draft communiqué. Turks feel it would be good tactics accept such draft as basis discussion. To expedite matters Foreign Office cabling general instructions along lines Department’s thinking (Deptel 783, to Karachi as 547),⁴ instead of full alternative draft. English text Turkish suggestions will be sent soonest. Department’s comments thereon should be sent Karachi so that Embassy can coordinate with Turkish Ambassador and latter agree on final draft with Pakistanis. This draft would be submitted Washington and Ankara before issuance.

Draft Turkish–Pakistani agreement now with Prime Minister in Istanbul who expected approve soon without major changes.

Following is oral outline main points by Birgi this afternoon:

1. Title will probably be “Treaty of Collaboration”, with no mention existing friendship treaty with Pakistan in order leave way clear later adherence other states.

2. Introduction will refer UN Charter and common resolve promote its objectives; friendship between Turkey and Pakistan; common objective “advancement, welfare and security” of two countries; this objective in interest all peace-loving countries especially this area.

3. Thereafter number of “classical” articles stressing peaceful intent, furtherance cultural relations and economic and technical cooperation, etc.

4. Main article will refer collaboration and consultation in defense field noting three points: (a) Exchange of information and experience in technical military matters; (b) endeavor meet needs two countries in production arms and ammunition; (c) with reference Article 51 UN Charter, consider how far and in what manner two countries may collaborate in event of nonprovoked aggression against one of them.

5. Agreement will provide for adherence with same rights and duties any country whose participation considered desirable by two contracting states and which prepared contribute achievement its objectives.

6. Agreement will specify it completely consistent with and will not affect validity any existing treaty or agreements concluded by either party.

Agreement will be written in English and ratification deposited in Ankara.

Text will be transmitted Department and Karachi soonest.

Warren

1. Repeated to Karachi, New Delhi, London, Paris, and Berlin.
2. Not printed; it reported the Foreign Minister had gone to Istanbul to obtain the Prime Minister’s approval of the draft of the Turkish–Pakistan agreement. (Ankara Embassy files, lot 57 F 72, 400 MED, 1953–54)
3. Not printed; it reported the Pakistan Prime Minister was eager for publication prior to the elections in East Pakistan on Feb. 15 and requested the Embassy to advise the Department of State of the earliest possible date a joint Turkish–Pakistan communiqué could be issued. (782.5/2254)
4. Not printed, but see Document 174.