Index

• Acheson, Dean, 559–561, 577–578, 684–686, 697, 824–825, 1027–1028
• Act of Chapultepec (1945), 560
• Adler, Solomon, 777–783, 1056–1057, 1059–1072, 1116–1119, 1122–1124, 1129–1130, 1144–1151, 1162–1165, 1169–1170, 1173–1175, 1186–1188, 1192–1193, 1352
• American business firms in China, representations by United States regarding registration of, pending enactment of new company law, 1206–1257
  • Chinese company law (see also Registration, infra):
    • China Trade Act of 1922, relation to, 1239, 1253, 1254, 1256–1257
    • Dissatisfaction of American business interests with existing law, and request for new regulations, 1206–1209
    • Enactment of new regulations, discussions concerning, and draft revisions, 1206–1209, 1218, 1220–1246; draft Chinese Corporation Law, 1229–1233
    • Revision of (see also Enactment, supra):
      • Approval by Legislative Yuan, and evaluation by American Embassy, 1242–1246
      • Objections by American business to, 1250–1252, 1255–1256
      • Press report announcing new company law, and Embassy comments, 1246–1250
    • U.S. formal note to Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs requesting further modifications of revised law, and other efforts, 781, 1249–1250, 1252, 1253–1254, 1255, 1257
  • Registration of American business firms in China, discussions concerning, 1206, 1208–1223, 1250–1252, 1255–1256, 1315–1316
• American film distributors in China, U.S. representations regarding restrictions on remittances to United States, 1327–1331
• Amoy, International Settlement. See International Settlements.
• Asakura v. Seattle (265 U.S. 332) (1924), 1313
• Atcheson, George, Jr., 22, 32, 168, 190–191, 325–326, 565–566, 569, 726–727, 728–729, 730–734, 740, 987, 1453
• Atkinson, Brooks, 274, 419
• Atlantic Charter (1941), 40, 331–332, 556, 722, 724, 1300, 1337
• Attlee, Clement R., 504, 523n
• Avarin, V., 309–310, 346
• Aviation:
  • Chinese air force personnel, postwar training of, 629, 638
  • Commercial American pilots, question of sending to China, 91, 114–115
  • Lend-Lease shipments of aircraft to China, 638–639, 1189–1190
• Ballantine, Joseph W., 47–48, 137–138, 253, 260–264, 525, 975–976, 1009, 1389
• Barbey, Adm. Daniel E., 668–669
• Barrett, Col. David D., 18, 209, 210
• Bennett, Charles R., 1161–1162
• Bennett, John Cecil Sterndale, 95–96, 218–219, 258–259, 269, 294, 485–486, 510–511
• Berrigan, Darrell, 1476, 1477
• Bevin, Ernest, 510n , 523n , 830, 833, 836, 842–843
• Bissell, Maj. Gen. Clayton L., 455
• Boehringer, Carl H., 33, 45–47, 80–84, 191n , 1060–1062
• Bohlen, Charles E., 742, 878n
• Bretton Woods Agreement (1944).See International Monetary Agreement under Treaties, etc.
• Brewster, Owen, 17, 555
• Briggs, Ellis O., 80, 81–83, 103–104, 408n , 1342, 1392n , 1431
• Brooks, E. P., 1428n , 1430
• Browder, Earl, 403n , 418
• Burma Road and Ledo-Burma Road, 2–3, 23, 48–50, 64
• Butrick, Richard P., 475n , 1460n , 1465–1467, 1471–1472
• Byrnes, James F., 127, 453n , 547–549, 646–647, 684–686, 689–690, 729–730, 739–740, 760–769, 835–850 passim, 981
• Byroade, Col. Henry A., 774n , 1168n
• “C–C clique” in Kuomintang, 160, 385, 414
• Cairo Declaration (1943), 102, 126, 631, 745, 771, 869, 882, 1484
• Calder, Alonzo Bland, 475n , 648–650, 708–719, 721, 1175–1177, 1355n , 1394n
• California Texas Oil Company, Ltd., 1362
• Carter, Gen. A. H., 1091n
• Carton de Wiart, Lt. Gen. Sir Adrian, 40, 134n , 732
• Casaday, Lauren W., 1136n , 1144–1146, 1147–1148, 1149–1151, 1159–1160, 1165, 1169–1170
• Censorship in China, 116, 117
• Central government. See Chinese government.
• Chandler, Albert B., 17, 555
• Chang, C. C., 1439
• Chang Chao-yuan C., 1225, 1230–1248 passim, 1255
• Chang Chih-ehung, Gen., 223, 463, 474, 1012, 1013, 1017, 1021
• Chang Chun, Gen., 183, 241–242, 463
• Chang Chun-mai (Carsun Chang), 26, 333, 350, 400, 402–403
• Chang Fa-kuei, General, 85, 159, 160, 199, 295, 326
• Chang Hsi-jo, 158–159
• Chang Hsueh-liang, Marshal, 207n , 414, 1049n
• Chang Hsueh-shih, 1049, 1051
• Chang Kia-ngau, 26, 1032–1033
• Chang, P. H., 1174, 1255, 1257
• Chang, Po-chun, 417, 424
• Chang Tse-chung, Gen., 174, 193, 461
• Chang Tso-lin, Marshal, 902
• Chang Tung-sen, 816n
• Chang Yen, Gen., 325, 412
• Chase, Augustus S., 57–64, 79–80, 199–200, 264–265, 289n , 304, 384–385, 385–386, 388–389, 433–434, 475n , 1394n , 1466
• Chauvel, Jean, 688
• Chen, C. M., 185
• Chen Cheng, Gen., 7, 10–17, 119, 209, 419, 461
• Chen Chia-kang, 308, 368–371
• Chen Han-seng, 246–247
• Chen, K. P., 187–189
• Chen Kuo-fu, 11, 160n , 1148
• Chen Li-fu, 11, 16, 160n
• Chen Yi, Gen., 743
• Chennault, Gen. Claire L., 6, 14, 551n
• Cheves, Gen. Gilbert T., 7, 23, 1459
• Chiang Ching-kuo, 799n , 942, 1000, 1035
• Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo:
  • Addresses, statements, interpretations and editorial comments on: Censorship of military news, 116; Constitutional government, March 1, 254–258, 258–259, 260, 265–266, 268–269; Kuomintang Congress, 6th, opening address, 378–380; Peoples Congress, convention of, Jan. 1, 153; V–E Day, 101; U.S. aid, lack of, 123–124
  • Capital, movement to Nanking, 1458
  • Conversations with: Mao Tse-tung, 455–457, 461; Michael J. Mansfield, 19–20; General G. C. Marshall, 794–799, 814–815
  • Criticism of in China, 158–159
  • Estimate of Chiang Kai-shek and his policies by: George Atcheson, Jr., and Ambassador Hurley’s comments on, 242–246, 260–262; W. H. Donald, 441–444; Ambassador Hurley, 318; Mao Tse-tung, 275–278; Dr. Frank Price, 393; John S. Service, 300–301
  • Exchange of messages with Stalin, 948–949; Truman, 129, 545, 553–554, 557, 564, 572, 603, 629, 660–661, 702, 926, 948–949, 1128–1129
  • Japan:
    • Alleged dealings with, 220–223
    • Surrender of, exchange of messages with President Truman, 493, 497–498, 501–502, 507–508, 511, 512–513; orders to Chinese Communists on, 516–517
  • Military mission, U.S., request for, 546–547, 553–554
  • Military operations in the China Theater, 134, 144–145, 149–150
  • Reelection of, as leader of Kuomintang, 387
  • Tribute to Ambassador Hurley, 475, 752
  • Troop transport to North China, requests for U.S. aid in, 603–605, 626–627
  • Views and position on: Appointment of George Atcheson, Jr., and John S. Service to Office of U.S. Political Adviser in Japan, 565–566; British, 545, 546; Chinese Communists, 240, 429–430, 786–793; Sino-Soviet Treaty of 1945, 445–446, 918–919; U.S. policy statement of Dec. 15, 785; Yalta Agreement, 903–904
• Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 393, 540–542, 752, 795
• Chiang Mon-lin, 16, 187–189, 190, 425
• Chiang Shih-yi, Brig. Gen., 1402, 1407
• Chicherin, Georgy Vasilyevich, 936
• Chin Fen, 1357–1359
• Chin Pang-hsien (Po Ku), 285n , 360, 373
• China:
  • Estimates and reports on general conditions in, 2–26, 57–64, 380–382, 392–395, 1363–1376
  • Postwar. See Postwar economic reconstruction.
• China-American Council of Commerce and Industry, 1207, 1216, 1220, 1227, 1232–1233, 1237, 1250, 1257
• China Electric Company, Ltd., 1388, 1400
• China Trade Act of 1922, question of registration of American firms in China under, 1239, 1253, 1254, 1256–1257, 1257n
• Chinese Army (see also under Manchuria)
  • Border incidents with Thailand, 122–123, 126, 134, 138
  • Military operations. See Military situation: Reports.
  • Ministry of War, achievements of, 119
  • Reorganization of, and relations with the American military establishment, 47–48, 51, 84–87, 139–141
  • Transfer of troops to North China and Manchuria after Japanese surrender, Chinese efforts to obtain increased U.S. assistance and aid in, 603–605, 611–613, 626–627, 660–661, 666–667, 1027–1028; U.S. policy on, 565, 606–607, 610, 697–698, 1027–1028, 1037–1039, 1054, 1054–1055
• Chinese Communists:
  • Chiang Kai-shek’s position on, 240, 429–430, 786–793
  • Chinese Government, attitude toward, 289–290
  • Conditions in Communist areas: Economic and social, 212–215, 264–265, 287–289; political organization in, 164–168, 290–292; popular support, 200–204; relief plans for, 285–287
  • Japanese surrender, position on, 514–515, 518–520
  • Kuomintang:
    • Conduct of war by, criticism of, 388–389
    • Relations with. See Kuomintang-Communist relations.
  • Manchuria and North China, interest and activity in (see also Military position, etc., infra), 279–283, 371, 1036–1037, 1040–1043
  • Military position and activity:
    • Arms and military supplies, efforts to obtain from surrendering Japanese, 270, 292
    • Operations (see also Military situation: Reports) Clashes with Nationalist and provincial troops, 172, 238–239, 406–410, 412, 415–416, 440–441, 446–447, 567–568
    • Strength, appraisal of, 158, 432–433
  • Military position and activity (post-surrender):
    • General, 534–535, 549–550, 552–553, 563–564, 572–573, 576–577, 578–580, 601–602, 613–614, 619, 626–627, 634–635, 637–638, 667–668, 678–679, 686–687, 691–692, 694–696, 700–701, 705–707, 720
    • Incidents and clashes with U.S. military forces, 542–543, 602–603, 607–608, 609, 610–611, 618, 625–626, 634–635, 647–648
  • Minority parties, Communist attitude toward anti-National Government coalition of, 332–333
  • Policies and organization of Communist Party: Dissensions in party, reports of, 204, 246–247, 373–374, 462–463; platforms and policies, 351–361, 403–405; resolution of Central Secretariat on military dealings with the United States, 185; separate regime, preparations for the establishment of, 435–437
  • Radio broadcasts, monitoring of, 269–270, 385–386
  • Representation at United Nations Conference, question of. See United Nations Conference.
  • Soviet Union, relations with. See under Soviet Union.
  • United States:
    • Attitude of Chinese Communists toward, 418–422, 433–434; troops in China after Japanese surrender, Communist views on, 577, 624–625, 635
    • Military aid, question of:
      • Recommendations for, 242–246, 247–249
      • Views on: Ambassador Hurley, 260–262; General Wedemeyer, 270–272
  • U.S. observers in Communist areas. See U.S. Army observer section.
  • Views on the general situation in China, 310–317, 368–371
• Chinese Government (see also Kuomintang; Kuomintang-Communist relations; and Political situation):
  • Business firms, American. See American business firms in China.
  • Censorship, 116, 117
  • Commercial relations with United States. See Commercial treaty and Trade interests.
  • Constitutional Government. See National Assembly.
  • Courts. See Trial of an American citizen, etc.
  • Delegation to United Nations Conference. See United Nations Conference on International Organization.
  • Executive Yuan, membership changes in, 398–399, 425
  • Foreign investment in China, attitude toward, 1337–1338
  • Foreign policy, statement on postwar, 131–134; British views, 135
  • Japan, alleged relations with, 220–223, 293, 294
  • Lend-Lease administration. See Chinese Supply Commission.
  • Patent law, 1240–1241
  • People’s Congress, See National assembly.
  • People’s Political Council. See People’s Political Council.
  • Postwar position. See Postwar economic reconstruction.
  • Reforms, demand for. See Political situation: Government reforms.
  • Soviet Union:
    • Attitude toward, 856–857
    • Relations with. See Sino-Soviet Treaty of 1945, and under Soviet Union.
  • Treaties, conventions, etc.
    • Commercial intercourse and judicial procedure, treaty with United States (1880), 1288
    • Commercial relations, treaty with United States (1903), 1288
    • Cotton and Wheat Loan agreement with United States (1933), 1076
    • Extraterritorial rights in China, treaties for relinquishment of. See Extraterritorial rights.
    • Financial agreement with United States (1942), 1082
    • Gold agreement with United States (1943), 102
    • Immigration treaty with United States (1880), 1288, 1291
    • Mutual Aid Agreement with United States (1942), 1108, 1207, 1300, 1301, 1337
    • Peace, amity and commerce, treaties with United States (1844, 1858), 1287
    • Rates of duty on imports into China, treaty with United States establishing (1920), 1288
    • Russo-Chinese convention (1898), 938
    • Sino-Soviet agreement on general principles (1924), 935
    • Sino-Soviet Declaration (1913), 935
    • Sino-Soviet treaty (1945). See Sino-Soviet treaty of 1945.
    • Soviet treaty of 1924 with Chang Tso-lin, 902
    • Tariff relations, treaty with United States regulating (1928), 1288, 1302
    • Trade, consuls and emigration, treaty with United States (1868), 1288
    • Trade regulations and tariff, treaty with United States establishing (1858), 1287
    • Wheat Loan Agreement with United States (1931), 1076
  • United Kingdom, relations with. See Hong Kong and United Kingdom.
  • U.S. political support of, 242–246, 413, 555–557
• Chinese Eastern Railway. See Manchuria: Railroads.
• Chinese Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 1341
• Chinese Supply Commission, 1146–1147
• Chou En-lai, 10, 173, 223–224, 226, 231–232, 234–235, 268–269, 310, 350, 385n , 417, 457–459, 462–465, 472–473, 484, 487, 490, 624–625, 800–804
• Chou En-lai, Madame (Teng Ying-ch’ao), 350, 487
• Chou Yi-chun (Y. T. Tsur), 1433n , 1436n
• Chu Hein-ming, 870–876
• Chu Shao-liang, Gen., 985n , 987, 988, 992–993, 1001–1003, 1007
• Chu Teh, Gen., 221, 222, 310, 385n , 386, 388, 462, 514–515, 518n , 519–520, 577, 743, 787–788, 793–794, 870–876
• Chu Yun-shan, 182–184
• Churchill, Winston S., 217, 330, 331–332
• Clarac, Achille-Marie, 40, 55–56
• Clayton, William L., 102n , 1098–1099, 1215–1216, 1259, 1315, 1428n , 1444–1445
• Clubb, O. Edmund, 986–987, 1028–1030, 1033–1035, 1042–1043, 1048–1050, 1467n , 1470, 1472–1473
• Collado, Emilio G., 1080n , 1087–1088
• Commercial Pacific Cable Company, 1388, 1399–1400, 1401
• Commercial treaty between United States and China, preliminary discussions regarding, 1258–1326
  • British interest in, 1315
  • Discussions between Senate Foreign Relations Committee and State Department suggested, 1314; with Chinese officials at San Francisco and Washington, 1315–1323
  • Negotiations, U.S. efforts to initiate, 1314, 1324–1326
  • Relation to Chinese corporate legislation, 1212–1213
  • U.S. draft:
    • State Department instructions and aids for negotiations, 1258–1259, 1289–1309
    • Text, and changes, 1258–1289, 1311–1313; Embassy views on, 1309
• Communications Act of 1934 (U.S.), 1475
• Communists, Chinese. See Chinese Communists.
• Constant, Col. S. V., 441–444
• Constitutional Promotion Association, 187–189
• Consular convention between U.S. and China, proposed, 1310
• Consular posts in liberated areas, pressure from other governments for reopening of, and Chinese position on, 1462–1463
• Conventions, See Treaties, conventions, etc.
• Cotton and textile industry in China, 1181, 1184–1185, 1346–1347
• Craig, Maj. Gen. Howard A., 748n
• Crowley, Leo T., 102n , 1079–1080, 1105–1106, 1130–1132, 1133, 1155–1156, 1169, 1300n
• Crume, Col. J. R. 1189–1190
• Dairen. See under Manchuria.
• Danton, Capt. C. W., 603
• Darlington, Brooks, 80, 84
• Davidson, Maj. Gen. Howard, 6
• Davies, John, Jr., 13, 155–158, 159–162, 246–247, 334–338, 416, 439–440, 447–448, 517–518, 740, 928–932
• Davis, Col. James C, 1200–1202
• Dawson, Owen L., 1433, 1438–1441, 1446–1447, 1468n
• de Gaulle, Gen. Charles, 540n
• De Lacy, Hugh, 577n
• Democratic League (Federation of Chinese Democratic Parties), 182–184, 187–189, 234–235, 293, 332–333, 334, 805, 815–824
• DePass, Col. Morris B., 12n , 47, 181n
• Diplomatic Quarter at Peiping. See International Settlements.
• Donald, W. H., 57, 441–444
• Donovan, Gen. William J., 46
• Doolittle, Gen. James H., 23n
• Dooman, Eugene H., 126
• Drumright, Everett F., 135–137, 204n , 249–253, 347, 365–367, 380–382, 413, 421–423, 425, 435–437, 1005, 1319
• Dunn, James Clement, 262n , 521, 522
• Durbrow, Elbridge, 863–865
• Economic situation in China (see also Financial situation), 777–785, 1363–1376
  • Civilian Economic Mission, proposal for, 554–555
  • Economic mission, strengthening of, 31–33
• Eden, Anthony, 259, 332
• Edwards, Jay Dixon, 1110n , 1392n
• Eisenhower, Gen Dwight D., 644–645
• Emmerson, John K., 360, 368–371, 740
• Enemy assets, proposal for Sino-American intelligence organization to establish location of, 679, 690–691, 701, 707–708
• Evans, Col. W. K., 220
• Export-Import Bank, 782, 785, 1056, 1077, 1135–1136, 1185, 1198, 1200–1201, 1203, 1205
• Extraterritorial rights in China, discussions regarding relinquishment of, 133, 780, 901–902, 918, 1268, 1306, 1321, 1325, 1380n , 1381, 1384, 1385, 1388, 1390–1391
• Federation of Chinese Democratic Parties. See Democratic League.
• Feng Yu-hsiang, Marshal, 182, 187–189
• Fetter, Frank W., 538
• Financial situation in China (see also Lend-Lease; Loans and credits; and Reverse Lend-Lease), 1055–1205
  • Assessment of financial situation (see also Inflation, etc., infra), 1129–1130, 1139–1141, 1148, 1152–1155; outline of plan for reconstruction of China’s currency and finance, 1141–1143
  • Banks, U.S., transfer of funds from blocked accounts, 1120–1121
  • Chinese assets in the United States, situation of, 1170–1173, 1173–1174, 1175, 1188–1189, 1192–1193
  • Chinese requests for U.S. aid, and discussions on, 65–66, 101–103, 126, 1072, 1136, 1158–1159, 1169
  • Credits for reconstruction and development, U.S. consideration of, 1194–1197, 1198–1204
  • Exchange rates, U.S. efforts for modification of on behalf of U.S. businessmen, 1113–1114, 1157–1158, 1159–1160, 1164–1167, 1169–1173, 1173–1175, 1188–1189, 1192–1193
  • Inflation, problem of, and suggestions for combatting, 1060–1062, 1066–1067, 1087–1088, 1110–1113, 1116–1117, 1122
  • Inflation-control measures:
    • Currency Stabilization Fund, discussions of U.S. proposal for establishment of, 1081–1083, 1085–1086. 1096–1097, 1106, 1107, 1119
    • Gold-sale program of Chinese Government:
      • Gold shipments to China, increase in, and discussions of gold-sale program, 1055, 1056–1057, 1063–1065, 1074, 1083–1085, 1087, 1089–1091, 1096–1097, 1104–1105, 1178; views of Ambassador Hurley, and subsequent departmental exchange, 1100–1104
      • Scandal in Chungking, 1095, 1097, 1099
      • Suspension of program, 1117–1118, 1122–1124
    • Importation of cotton textile goods into China, and U.S. efforts to procure, 1058–1059, 1062–1063, 1075, 1079–1081, 1098–1099, 1105–1106
  • Military expenditures, U.S., in China, financing of (see also Surplus property, infra):
    • Currency: Availability of in liberated areas, 1136–1137, 1145–1146; U.S. Navy requirements, 1121
    • U.S. Army yuan obligations, and settlement of (see also Surplus property, infra), 1057–1058, 1059, 1065, 1108–1109, 1116
    • War Department on use of free or blocked dollars in negotiaing contracts in China, 1182–1183
  • Redemption of puppet currencies, 1129, 1144–1145, 1147–1148, 1162–1164, 1198
  • Remittances to United States by U.S. film distributors in China, U.S. representations regarding Chinese restrictions, 1327–1331
  • Surplus property, proposal for sale of for settlement of U.S. Army obligations in China, and negotiations for sale contracts, 1167–1169, 1173, 1177–1178, 1183–1184, 1186–1188, 1190–1192, 1193–1194
• Fisher, H. H., 993
• Fontanel, Emile, 537n
• Foreign Economic Administration (FEA), 31–33, 1079–1080, 1091–1095
• Formosa, 1144–1145
• Forrestal, James V., 525n , 538–539, 609, 646, 684–686, 670–678, 878, 883–884
• France. See Indochina.
• Freeman, Fulton, 191n , 740, 1198, 1392n
• French Indochina. See Indochina.
• Friedman, Irving S., 1065n , 1080
• Friedman, Julian R., 265–266, 323, 1467
• Fu Ssu-nien, 416, 424, 429
• Fu Tso-yi, Gen., 128, 129
• Gauss, Clarence E., 29n , 261n , 743, 782
• Gay, Merrill G., 1252
• Germans in China, 141–142, 690–691
• Grew, Joseph C., 147–148, 182, 254, 260–261, 869–870, 878–879, 898–900, 906–907, 934–935, 1089, 1103, 1485–1487
• Hackworth, Green H., 740–744
• Handy, Gen. Thomas T., 747n
• Harding, Donald F., 1115n , 1161–1162
• Harriman, W. Averell, 341–342, 448n , 834–835, 851n , 889–891, 904–906, 908–909, 944–948, 950–951, 953–954, 960–965
• Helmick, Milton J., 1206n , 1209–1210, 1415n
• Henderson, Leon, 80, 83, 1066, 1067
• Hicks, Paul, 603
• Hinke, Frederick W., 1392n , 1416n , 1463n
• Ho Ying-chin, Gen., 7–8, 16, 47–48, 51, 84, 131, 139–141, 443, 544
• Holland, William L., 80, 84, 1469–1470
• Hollis, Walter, 1319n , 1321, 1322, 1323
• Honan Province, 27–28, 397–398, 575–576
• Hong Kong: British intention of accepting Japanese surrender in, 504, 505–507, 510–511, 512–513; Chinese position on 500–502, 503; exchange of messages between Chiang Kai-shek and President Truman on, 120, 507–509, 511–513; U.S. proposals for, 505, 509, 511
• Hoo, Victor, 65, 870, 871, 874, 876
• Hopkins, Harry L., 66n , 887–889, 891, 893n
• Howard, Hungerford B., 33, 1460n
• Howard. John K., 1173n , 1190–1191
• Hsiung Shih-hui, Gen., 1040–1042, 1049
• Hsueh Yuen, Gen., 182, 199, 412
• Hu Shih, 65, 90, 350
• Huang Yen-pei, 187–189, 416, 425
• Hull, Cordell, 110, 319
• Hull, Gen. John E., 748n , 758–759
• Hunan Province, 93, 97–98
• Hurley, Maj. Gen. Patrick J., 722–744
  • Addresses and statements, 39–40, 127–128, 317–322, 374–378, 454; Chinese comments on, 326–327, 367–368, 486
  • Charges made against certain Foreign Service Officers, and replies thereto, 351–352, 723–724, 726–744
  • Correspondence with Chou En-lai, 235, 279; W. Averell Harriman, 308–309; Mao Tse-tung, 163–164, 180–181, 466; Henry Morgenthau, Jr., 1100–1102; President Roosevelt, 172–177; T. V. Soong, 66; President Truman, 107–114, 329, 722–726, 865–868
  • Criticism of, 348–350
  • London conversations on policy toward China, 329–332
  • Moscow conversation on policy toward China, 338–340
  • Presentation of credentials to Chiang Kai-shek, 29–30
  • Request to visit Washington, 555–556, 569–570
  • Resignation as Ambassador, 722–726
• Hydroelectric projects. See Technical U.S. assistance: Yangtze Gorge, etc.
• Immigration Act of 1924 (U.S.), 1291
• Indochina: Chinese expeditionary force against, and French views on, 55–56; division of operational areas in, and Chiang Kai-shek views on, 143–144, 146, 149–150; French requests for U.S. aid to French troops [Page 1497] and refugees in, and U.S. policy on, 43–44, 50–51, 68, 99–100; Japanese surrender, French efforts to accept in, and U.S. and Chinese position on, 498–500, 503, 513, 514; postwar status of, 540–541
• Inner Mongolia, 267–268, 390–391, 400–401
• International Civil Aviation Conference, Nov.–Dec. 1944, 783
• International Settlements, postwar transfer to China, 1380–1387
• International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, 1388, 1400
• Iran Declaration (1943), 331, 724
• Isaacs, Harold, 1476
• Jacobson, James A., 45, 46, 554–555, 1441
• Japan (see also under Military situation):
  • Military operations in China. See Reports under Military situation in China.
  • Peace offers, reported rejection by Chiang Kai-shek, 57
  • Surrender, questions involving arrangements for, 492–526, 544–545
    • Chinese Communists:
      • Chiang Kai-shek’s order on surrender procedure, 516–517
      • Commander in Chief of Chinese Communist forces, order to Communist troops, and representations to United States on Japanese surrender, 514–515, 518–520; proposed U.S. reply to, 521; views of various U.S. officials on, 515–516, 517–518
      • U.S. proposal for a Joint Statement by the Four Powers on surrender of Japanese troops to Chiang Kai-shek, discussions on, 522–526
    • Chinese Government: Participation in acceptance of Japanese surrender, arrangements for, 492, 495–496, 496–498; U.S.-Chinese consultations on reply to Japanese acceptance of Potsdam Declaration, 492–494, 496
    • Hong Kong: British intention of accepting Japanese surrender in, 504, 505–507, 510–511, 512–513; Chinese position on, 500–502, 503; exchange of messages between Chiang Kai-shek and President Truman on, 507–509, 511–513; U.S. proposals for, 505, 509, 511
    • Indochina: French efforts to accept Japanese surrender in, and U.S. views, 498–500, 513; Chinese position, 503, 514
  • Troops in Northern China, disarming and evacuation of, and subsequent withdrawal of Soviet and American troops from China, discussions at Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers regarding, 829–850
• Jarrell, Capt. Henry T., 172n , 1458
• Johnson, William R., 434–435
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (U.S.), 527–528, 565, 590–598, 611, 620–621, 698–700, 1028, 1486
• Josselyn, Paul R., 602–603, 607–608, 690–691, 1256–1257, 1356–1357, 1361, 1380, 1396, 1398, 1408–1411, 1413–1414, 1417–1418, 1447, 1448–1449, 1460n
• Joyner, Calvin N., 1058–1059, 1062–1063
• Judd, Walter H., 413
• Kan Nai-kuang, 410, 411, 1220, 1255, 1337–1338, 1341–1342
• Kearney, A. T., 1428n , 1429, 1430
• Keating, Joseph T., 1218
• Kennan, George F., 342–344
• Keswick, John, 35–36
• King, Adm. Ernest J., 888, 967
• Kizer, Benjamin H., 46, 1341
• Koiso, Gen. Kuniaki, 221
• Koo, V. K. Wellington, 65, 876
• Korea, 540, 854, 872–873, 882–883, 887, 914
• Ku Chu-tung, Gen., 160, 199
• Kung, H. H., 15n , 16, 89, 393, 398, 875, 1057, 1108–1109, 1118–1119, 1148, 1206
• Kunming, U.S. consulate in, 1459
• Kuo Ch’i-ch’iao, Gen., 27
• Kuomintang (see also Chinese Government; Kuomintang-Communist relations; and Political situation):
  • “C-C” clique, 160, 385, 414
  • Coalition government, proposals for: Chinese press reaction to, 198; Democratic League, efforts toward formation of, 182–184; Mao Tse-tung, speech on, 362–365; Nationalist position on, 236–237; U.S. position on, 365–367, 371–373
  • Congress, 6th: Chiang Kai-shek’s address to, and Ambassador Hurley’s comments on, 378–380; Committee appointed to negotiate with Chinese Communists, and result of negotiations, 416–417, 424–425, 428–429; position of on Communist settlement, 407–408; report on, 385, 391–392, 395–396, 413, 415; resolutions adopted, 105–106, 386–388, 1343–1346
  • Mao Tse-tung’s views on, 275–278
• Kuomintang-Communist relations:
  • Chiang Kai-shek position on, 240, 429–430, 786–793
  • Civil war, possibility of, 328–329, 398, 448–453
  • Communist position, 275–278, 388–389
  • Military clashes between Communist forces and National troops. See Chinese Communists: Military position and activity.
  • Nationalist position, 390–398, 407–408
  • Negotiations for settlement of differences:
    • British interest in, 218–219, 258–259, 294, 485–486
    • Chiang Kai-shek, meeting with Mao Tse-tung, 455–457; Chinese press on, 455
    • Communist position (see also Proposals and counterproposals, infra), 168–169, 190–197, 310–317, 426–428, 457–459, 474–475, 481–482, 491
    • Hurley, efforts in, 163–164, 180–181, 184, 453–454, 465–466
    • Nationalist position (see also Proposals and counterproposals, infra), 185–186, 233–234, 410–411, 459–462
    • Progress of negotiations, 172–177, 191–197, 205–212, 220–230, 466–468, 473–474, 475–476, 480
    • Proposals and counterproposals (see also Communist position and Nationalist position, supra), 196–197, 230–232, 240, 426–428, 430–433, 457–459, 472–473, 483–485, 491, 826–827; bases of agreement, 463–465, 468–470
    • Prospects of agreement, 170–171, 181–182, 186, 481–482
    • Soviet Union, views on, 447–448, 454–455, 457, 488–489
    • U.S. position, and interest in, 190–191, 219–220, 232–233, 439–440, 827–828
    • U.S. views on, 154, 270–272, 422–423, 400–410, 434–435
• Kwangsi, political situation in, 295–298, 384–385, 406, 411–412
• Kwok, K. K., 1057, 1097, 1099
• Lamb, Leo, 1380–1381
• Lanchow, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
• Langdon, William R., 48–50, 84–87, 138–141, 1030–1032, 1459–1460
• Leahy, Adm. William D., 505
• Lee Kan, 1318–1323
• Lei Fa-chang, 479–480
• Lend-Lease program for China (see also Military assistance to China and Reverse lend-lease):
  • Aircraft, shipments to China under Lend-Lease, 638–639, 1189–1190
  • Postwar U.S. policy on, and termination of program, 538, 547–549, 558–559, 1115, 1124–1125, 1130–1132, 1133–1135, 1155–1157, 1160–1162, 1167
• Li Chi-shen, Gen., 159, 160, 182, 187–189, 199, 295, 325–326
• Li Huang, 307, 333, 350, 399
• Li Tsung-jen, Gen., 160, 183, 295–296
• Liang Shu-ming, 187–189, 190
• Liberated areas in China:
  • Administration of, exchange of views between United States and China regarding, 1483–1487
  • Political control of, Kuomintang-Communist negotiations on, 472–473
  • U.S. consular posts in. See Diplomatic and consular offices in China under United States.
• Lieberman, Henry R., 1246, 1248
• Lin Tsu-han, 65, 350, 435, 455
• Lin Wei-yin, 1085n , 1340
• Lin Yu-tang, 1478
• Lincoln, Col. L. J., 1079
• Liu Chieh, 90. 296, 1050–1051, 1473–1474
• Liu Tien-chi, 576, 577
• Liu Tse-yung, 986, 987, 994, 998, 1007, 1021
• Liu Wen-hui, Gen., 182, 187–189, 299–300
• Lo Chia-lun, 986, 988, 998
• Loans and credits to China, U.S. (see also Export-Import Bank): Foreign loans to individual companies, Executive Yuan disapproval of, 1119–1120; loan agreement with the United States (1941 and 1944), 1055–1056, 1109–1110, 1114–1115; U.S. Wheat Loan (1931) and U.S. Cotton and Wheat Loan (1933), Chinese settlement of, 1076–1078
• Locke, Edwin A., Jr., 448–453, 1117n , 1354–1355, 1359–1360, 1363–1376, 1377–1378, 1428n , 1441
• Locke Mission, 554–555, 1354–1355, 1359–1360, 1361, 1363–1376, 1377–1378, 1441
• Lockhart, Oliver C., 1137n , 1152–1155, 1435n
• Lowdermilk, Walter C., 1433, 1443, 1447
• Lozovsky, Solomon Abramovich, 942
• Lu Cheng-ts’ao, Gen., 202–203
• Lu Han., Gen., 470–471
• Lu Tso-fu, 1119–1120
• Luce, Henry R., 142–143, 147–148, 646
• Ludden, Raymond P., 158, 200–204, 212–215, 216—218
• Lung Yun, Gen., 47, 48, 51, 85, 179, 180, 182, 199, 241, 394, 471, 472, 477
• MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 39n , 495–496, 1393n
• Mackay Radio Company, 1400, 1401
• Maddocks, Gen. Ray T., 544–545
• Malinovsky, Marshal Rodion Yakovlevich, 666, 1041, 1045, 1049
• Manchuria, Soviet postwar policies and actions regarding, 1025–1054
  • Chinese Army operation in (see also Chinese Army: Transfer of troops):
    • Advance of, 1026, 1046–1048, 1051–1053, 1053–1054
    • Landing of, refused by Soviets, 1035–1036, 1036–1037, 1039
    • Requests for U.S. aid in transportation of into, 1027–1028; U.S. assistance rendered, 1027–1028, 1037–1039, 1054, 1054–1055
  • Chinese Communists:
    • Expectations in, 279–283, 371
    • Occupation by, with Soviet cooperation, 1036–1037, 1040–1043
  • Dairen (see also Ports, infra):
    • Landing of Chinese Army in, Communist refusal, 1035–1036
    • Sino-Soviet negotiations on, 932, 966–967, 967–969, 970–971
    • U.S. proposed landing in, Ambassador Harriman’s views on, 967
  • Government of, Chinese Government appointees to economic branch, 1032–1033
  • Industries, Soviet stripping of, 1039, 1044–1045, 1050, 1051–1053
  • Japanese forces, disarmament and evacuation of. See Military situation: Japan.
  • Mukden, conditions in, 1030–1032
  • Ports, Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding (see also Dairen, supra, and Port Arthur), 912–913, 922, 927, 933–934, 943–944, 945–946
  • Railroads:
    • Condition and administration of, after Japanese surrender, 1028–1030
    • Sino-Soviet negotiations on control of, 922–923, 927, 932–934, 945
    • Soviet pre-war commitment on transfer of, 50, 69
  • Soviet Union:
    • Demands in 958–959, 1054; U.S. position on, 965–966
    • Interest in, 383–384
    • Political implications of occupation by, 1025, 1026–1027, 1033–1035
    • Sino-Soviet agreement on payment of Soviet troops, 1050–1051
    • Withdrawal of troops, discussions regarding, 928, 1030, 1043–1044, 1045–1046, 1048–1050
  • United States:
    • Consulates, reopening of, 1465–1467, 1470–1471
    • Mission in Changchun, question of establishing, 1468–1469, 1471
    • Withdrawal of U.S. troops. See Military forces in China, U.S.: Withdrawal of.
  • U.S. Foreign Service Officers, efforts to obtain permission to travel in Manchuria, 1471–1472, 1472–1473
• Mansfield, Congressman Michael J., 2–26, 162–163, 177–178, 219, 580–582
• Mao Tse-tung, 153, 168–169, 181, 184, 194, 204, 239, 247, 273–278, 310, 311–317, 350, 354–359, 417, 420, 460, 462, 473, 542–543
• Maples, Rear Adm. Houston L., 934
• Marshall, Gen. George C. (see also Marshall Mission), 601, 662n , 726, 747–748, 762, 766, 767–769, 794–799, 850, 888, 967, 1198–1200, 1204
• Marshall Mission to China, 745–828
  • Appointment of General Marshall, and instructions by President Truman regarding U.S. policy towards China, 726, 747n , 770–773
  • Directions to Lt. General Wedemeyer in connection with, 760n , 760–761, 765; instructions to Embassy in Chungking, 766
  • Evaluation of situation in China for use of Marshall Mission: Economic, 777–785; military, 751–754, 759–760, 786–787; political, 774–777, 786–793
  • First conferences in China and meetings with Chiang Kai-shek, 794–799, 814–815; Chou En-lai, 800–804; Democratic League, 815–824; T. V. Soong, 804–813
  • Moscow meeting of Foreign Ministers, possible relation to Mission, 813, 824–825
  • Peiping press reaction to, 813
  • Preliminary report to President Truman, 825–826
  • Problem of the Chinese Communist Party, memorandum by President Chiang Kai-shek, 786–793
  • U.S. policy towards China:
    • Course of action proposed by Office of Far Eastern Affairs, 745–747, 759–760, 763, 769
    • Draft statements prepared by State and War Departments and by General Marshall, and views on, 745–751, 754–767; discussions on, 761–763, 767–769, 770; draft directive for General Marshall, 763–765, 766–767
    • Truman statement of Dec. 15:
      • Final text, 770–773
      • Letter to heads of certain Government agencies regarding, 1376–1377
      • Publication of, 769
      • Views and reactions on: Chiang Kai-shek, 785; Chinese Communists, 793–794; public opinion in United States, 786
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 117, 619–621
• Mayer, Col. William, 1397
• McCabe, Thomas B., 1156, 1183–1184
• McCarthy, Charles W., 521
• McCloy, John J., 571, 606–607, 884, 1485
• McClure, Maj. Gen. Robert B., 209n , 210, 544
• McCrea, Rear Adm. John L., 626, 627, 635, 648, 679, 1051–1054
• McGuire, Paul F., 1080n , 1103–1104
• McMillan, Archibald, 1450–1456
• Megan, Bishop Thomas, 167, 287
• Melby, John E., 624–625
• Merrill, Maj. Gen. Frank, 2, 3, 24
• Meyer, Paul W., 599, 600, 618, 635, 705, 1080–1081, 1402–1404, 1405–1408
• Miles, Rear Adm. Milton Edward, 539, 554n
• Military assistance to China, U.S. (see also Lend-Lease; and Military forces in China):
  • Chinese air force personnel, postwar training of, 629, 638
  • Manchuria and North China: Chinese efforts to obtain increased U.S. aid in transfer of troops to after Japanese surrender, 603–605, 611–613, 626–627, 660–661, 666–667, 1027–1028; U.S. policy on, 565, 606–607, 610, 697–698, 1027–1028, 1037–1039, 1054, 1054–1055
  • Military Advisory Group, U.S., to China: Chiang Kai-shek’s request for 553–554; discussions on, 546–548, 550–552, 554, 557, 590–598, 614–617
  • Provincial leaders, desire for obtaining, 299–300
  • U.S. position on, 559–562, 568–569, 583–592
• Military forces in China, U.S.:
  • Activities of, 573–574
  • Incidents with Chinese Communists, 542–543, 602–603, 607–608, 609, 610–611, 618, 625–626, 634–635, 647–648
  • Landings on China coast, discussions of advantages, 135–138; Chiang Kai-shek on selection of officers for, 144–145, 146; Chinese Communists on, 298–299
  • North China, presence of U.S. troops in, and U.S. concern, 577–578, 580–582; French views on, 688
  • Occupation of Chinese cities, reported plans for, 566–567
  • Postsurrender directives to, 527–528, 530–531, 621–624, 698–700; General Wedemeyer’s views on, 531–534, 611–613
  • Withdrawal of U.S. troops from China (see also Moscow Meeting), discussions on, 601, 611, 619–621, 639–643, 644–645, 702–704; General Wedemeyer’s views on, 603–605, 627–628, 635–637, 669–670, 679–684
• Military situation in China:
  • Allied command of all forces in China, considerations on, 107–114
  • Allied landings on China coast, discussion on advantages of, 135–138; selection of officers for, 144–145, 146; Chinese Communists’ views on, 298–299
  • Assessment of, 629–634, 650–660, 684–686, 751–754, 759–760, 786–787
  • Chinese Army. See Chinese Army.
  • Chinese Communist operations. See Chinese Communists: Military position, etc.
  • Japan (see also Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers):
    • Japanese forces:
      • Chinese Government use of, after surrender, 529–530, 567–568, 669
      • Disarming and evacuation of, problems regarding, 662–665, 668–669, 670–678, 759–760
      • Objectives in Honan, 27–28; in Hunan, 93, 97–98
  • Postsurrender situation. See Chinese Communists: Military position (postsurrender).
  • Reports of U.S. Military Attaché, 28, 33–54, 35, 37, 44, 48, 56–57, 67–68, 69–71, 73–74, 88, 91–92, 98–99, 100–101, 104–105, 106–107, 115, 117–118, 120–122, 125, 130–131, 139, 145–146
• Moffat, Abbot Lon, 138
• Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, 329n , 447, 829–848 passim, 851n , 942
• Mongolia:
  • Inner and Outer Mongolia, reports of Inner Mongolian desire for unification, 267–268, 390–391, 400–401
  • Mongolian People’s Republic; Plebiscite in, 479–480; policies of, 150–152
  • Sino-Soviet negotiation on, 911–912, 914–915, 916, 917, 919, 920–921, 926–927
  • Soviet views on, 284–285
  • Yalta Agreement, interpretation in regard to, 935–942
• Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 102n 899n , 1055, 1057–1058, 1081–1083, 1087, 1089–1091, 1096–1097, 1102–1104, 1108, 1120–1121, 1136–1137, 1157–1158, 1166–1173, 1177–1178, 1182–1183, 1188–1189
• Morse, Huntington T., 41–43, 608–609
• Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers (Dec. 16–26), discussions regarding withdrawal of Soviet and American troops from China, 824–825, 829–850
• Mountbatten, Adm. Lord Louis, 15–16, 24, 330, 543
• Mukden, 572–573, 1030–1032
• Myers, Myrl S., 692–694, 1414–1415, 1416–1417, 1418–1421
• National Assembly:
  • Chiang Kai-shek’s call for convocation of, 153, 254–258; British views on, 258–259; Chinese 259, 402–403; Chinese Communists, 265–266, 268–269, 272–273; United States, 260
  • Convocation of, 399–400
  • Participation in: Chinese Communists, 315–316; Democratic League, 293
• National Foreign Trade Council, 1206–1207, 1208n , 1209, 1220, 1227, 1250
• Naval mission to China, U.S., Chinese request for (see also Military assistance to China), 538–539
• Naval vessels, U.S., Chinese requests for 41–43, 598–599, 702; allocation of, discussions, 71–72, 704; purchase of, from U.S., discussions on arrangements for, 608–609, 643–644, 667, 689–690
• Nelson, Donald M., 12n , 13, 15, 31, 851n , 874, 1425n
• Nelson mission to China, 1067n , 1340n , 1355, 1428–1431
• Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 46–47, 1466, 1467
• Okano, Susumu (Sanzo Nosaka), 360, 385n , 931
• Olmsted, Gen. George H., 45, 1098, 1428n , 1487
• “Open Door” policy. See Sino-Soviet Treaty.
• Outer Mongolia. See Mongolia and Sinkiang.
• Pai Chung-hsi, General, 183, 295
• P’an Wen-hua, 179, 180, 182
• Pang Ping-hsün, General, 80, 129
• Patent law, 1240–1241
• Patterson, Robert P., 538, 607, 646–647, 670–678, 684–686
• Pauley, Edwin W., 149, 959n , 1044–1045, 1050
• Paxton, John Hall, 1392n , 1459n
• Pearson, Dren, 419, 727
• Peiping area, postsurrender situation in, 689, 694, 697
• Pei Tsu-yee, 1085, 1137–1139, 1166, 1171, 1435
• Peng Teh-huai, General, 247
• Penneld, James K., 769
• People’s Political Council, Fourth: Communist participation in, 486–488; membership of, 350; reforms advocated by, 187–189; resolutions adopted, 437–439
• Perevertailo, A. S., 488–489
• Perkins, Troy L., 187–190
• Petroleum industry in China, 1357–1359, 1361–1362, 1425–1426, 1427
• Petrov, Apollon Aleksandrovich, 120n , 377n , 861, 942, 1000, 1466n
• Pick, Gen. Lewis A., 2, 3, 49
• Po Ku (Chin Pang-hsien), 285n , 360, 373
• Political situation in China (see also Kuomintang; and Kuomintang-Communist relations):
  • Coalition government, proposals for: Democratic League’s efforts toward formation of, 182–184; Chinese editorial reaction to, 198; Mao Tse-tung’s views on, and comments by U.S. officials, 362–365, 365–367, 371–373; Nationalist position on, 236–237
  • Chinese Communist views on, 368–371
  • Government reforms advocated by various groups, 186–190, 396–397
  • Liberals, criticism of the government by, 476–479
  • Nationalist views on, 870–876
  • Political groups and coalitions in China, 159–162, 334–338
  • Separatist movements, and efforts to get U.S. aid by, 178–180, 199–200, 241–242, 304, 325–326, 334
  • U.S. discussions on, 253–254, 260–262; position on, 162–163, 169–172, 177–178, 774–777, 786–793
• Poole, DeWitt C., 870–876
• Port Arthur (see also Manchuria: Ports), 907, 913, 918, 922, 925
• Postwar economic reconstruction, U.S. interest in Chinese Government’s plans and policies for (see also Locke Mission; Marshall Mission; and Trade interest, 1332–1379
  • Chinese postwar economic policy: Commercial policy, 1337; foreign investment, 1337–1338; official statement of and comments by various Chinese Government officials on, 1141–1143, 1332–1336, 1338–1342, 1348–1351
  • Cotton industry, problems and planning, 1346–1347
  • Industrial reconstruction, summary of resolution adopted by 6th Kuomintang Congress, 1343–1346
  • Mao Tse-tung’s views on, 273–278
  • Petroleum industry, discussions on rehabiltiation of, 1357–1359, 1361–1362
  • President Truman–Madame Chiang Kai-shek conversations on, 540–542
  • Supreme Economic Council, establishment and functions of, 1359–1360, 1362–1363
  • UNRRA activities in China, 1341
  • U.S. subsidy of, Chinese expectations and U.S. intentions, 1351–1352
• Potsdam Declaration of July 26, 492, 514, 631n , 745, 771
• President’s War Powers Act, 1941–1942, 591
• Press: Efforts of correspondents to obtain U.S. permission to travel in China, 142–143, 147–148; U.S. objections to Chinese Government’s exclusion of, 1476–1482
• Price, Frank, 392–395
• Pridi Panomyong, 122n
• Protection of American lives and property in China, 1388–1424
  • Aid and advice to Americans desiring to remain in, or return to China, 1397–1398, 1411–1412
  • Evacuation and repatriation of civilian internees and other American nationals, 1–2, 30, 89, 1391, 1393, 1396–1397, 1422
  • Hankow area, situation in, 1402
  • Methodist missions, situation of, 1408, 1413
  • Public companies, American owned: British interest in developments regarding, 1389–1390; Chinese Government position on, and proposals for postwar operation, 1390, 1399–1401; problems of after liberation, and U.S. efforts to remedy situation, 1388–1389, 1394–1396, 1408–1411
  • Shanghai, situation in, 1256–1257, 1391–1392, 1412–1413, 1417–1418
  • Tientsin, U.S. efforts to obtain compensation on behalf of American business in, and local Chinese attitude, 1402–1408, 1414–1417, 1418–1422, 1423
  • U.S. diplomatic and consular offices: Protection of, 1413–1414; staff shortages and resulting problems, 1392–1393, 1393–1394, 1397
  • War booty, U.S. and Chinese views on definition of, 1423–1424
• Puppet forces: Arrest of in Peking, 696; Chinese Government efforts to obtain allegiance of, 128–129; in Inner Mongolia, 400–401; in North China, 79–80
• Quo Tai-chi, 187–189
• Reams, R. Borden, 1102
• Remer, Charles F., 80, 83–84, 1110–1113, 1339–1340
• Reverse lend-lease agreement, question of negotiations for, 1078–1079, 1098, 1105, 1106–1107.
• Rice, Edward E., 27–28, 128–129, 164–168, 267–268, 287, 390–391, 397–398, 400–401, 429–430
• Ringwalt, Arthur R., 191n , 406–408, 409, 740, 1392n
• Robertson, Walter S., 408n , 545, 784–785, 1113, 1214n , 1224, 1233, 1353n , 1428n , 1466n
• Rockey, Maj. Gen. Keller E., 634, 669
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 107–108, 109, 110, 111, 266–267, 283–284, 305n , 529, 556, 947, 1083, 1300, 1301
• Sansom, Sir George, 1389
• Sellett, George, 1233, 1238
• Service, John S., 45, 52–55, 216–218, 272–273, 279–285, 287–289, 290–298, 300–304, 310–311, 351–352, 353n , 358, 371–373, 403–405, 565–566, 726, 728–729, 735–738, 740, 743, 861
• Service, Richard M., 74, 178–180, 182–184, 299–300, 325
• Seymour, Sir Horace J., 96, 485, 505–506, 997
• Shanghai:
  • Economic and financial post-surrender situation in, 690–691, 1149–1151, 1162–1164, 1179–1182, 1184–1185
  • International Settlement in, 1380–1387
  • “Open city”, Chinese efforts to declare, and U.S. position on, 52–55, 72, 89–90, 92, 124–125
  • Political and military post-surrender situation in, 537–538, 539–540, 542, 543, 546, 648–650
  • U.S. consular offices in, reopening of, 1457–1459, 1460–1461, 1463–1464
• Shanghai Power Company, 1247, 1394, 1395, 1401, 1408–1411
• Shanghai Telephone Company, 1247, 1388, 1394–1395, 1400, 1401, 1408–1411
• Shao Li-tse, 463, 490
• Shell Company of China, 782, 1362
• Sheng Chen-wei (Robert C. W. Sheng), 1225, 1230, 1234
• Sheng Shih-tsai, General, 414, 986, 988–990
• Shepley, James R., 774–777, 827–828
• Shipping in China. See Naval vessels.
• Sian, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
• Sinkiang Province, revolts and unrest in, and efforts to bring about a settlement of issues, 985–1025 [Page 1503]
  • Chinese Government, personnel changes in, 995, 1000, 1004–1005
  • Chinese population evacuation of, reports, 1011–1012
  • Ining uprising, 987–988, 994, 1006
  • Military situation in, 985–986, 992, 994, 997, 998, 1000–1001, 1002–1003, 1007–1009, 1011–1012, 1014–1015
  • Political situation in, 990–992, 1003–1004, 1010–1011, 1018–1022
  • Settlement of issues, efforts to reach: Chinese negotiations with local officials and rebels, 1012, 1016–1018, 1022–1025; Sino-Soviet talks, 1001–1002, 1009–1010, 1013–1014
  • Soviet attitude, 987–990, 992–993, 995–997, 999, 1001, 1003, 1012–1013
  • Tihwa, dangerous situation of Consuls at, 997–998
  • U.S. position, 986–987, 993–994, 998, 1015
• Sino-Soviet relations (see Manchuria, Sinkiang Province, and Sino-Soviet treaty), 851–1054
• Sino-Soviet Treaty of Aug. 14, 1945, U.S. interest in negotiations of (see also Manchuria and Mongolia, 851–985
  • Cited, 511n , 630, 725, 745, 771, 1009, 1027, 1353, 1458
  • Discussions and arrangements, preliminary, between U.S. officials and T. V. Soong, 851–852, 853–856, 857–858, 891–892, 894–896, 907–908; speculations on success of treaty negotiations, 856, 857
  • Draft agreements, Soviet, 921–924; Chinese reaction to, 923–924; final agreements reached, 971–974, 976–977, 978, 982–984
  • Negotiations:
    • Conversations in Moscow, report on, 910–914, 920–921, 926–928, 932–934; agreement on certain points, 944–946; Moscow publicity on, 942; return of Soong to Chungking for instructions, 933–934
    • Resumption of negotiations, and new Soviet demands, 952–953, 954–955, 958–959; Chinese concessions, and Chiang Kai-shek’s position, 917, 948–949, 957–958, 966–967
  • Open Door policy, U.S. efforts to obtain affirmation of, 950–952, 954, 955–956, 960–965, 972–973, 974, 978–981, 981–982, 984–985
  • U.S. interest in (see also Open Door policy supra, and Yalta Agreement, infra), 853–855, 908–910, 919–920, 924–926, 940–948, 950, 953–954, 965–966, 969–976, 981
  • Signature, and reports regarding, 971–974, 970–978
  • Yalta Agreement, relation to, 865–870, 893–894, 896–901, 903–907, 914–915, 924, 926, 934–942, 943–948, 950, 953–954, 956–957, 960–961, 975, 970–977, 980
• Smith, Horace H., 988–990
• Smyth, Robert L., 95n , 391, 398, 401, 400–408, 409, 480–487, 490, 1391, 1424
• Snon, Edgar, 313, 1482
• Soong, T. V.
  • Conversations with Congressman Michael Mansfield, 15; General Marshall, 804–813
  • Delegate to United Nations Conference on International Organization, 65
  • Estimate of, 161–162, 441–444, 1125–1128
  • Exchange of messages with: James Byrnes, 503; William Clayton, 1085–1087, 1219, 1315–1316; Leo Crowley, 1133–1134; James Forrestal, 539; Ambassador Hurley, 908; Henry Morgenthau, Jr., 1085–1086; E. R. Stettinius, Jr., 1072–1073
  • Financial situation in China:
    • Inflation and inflation-control measures, discussions of, 1058, 1072–1078, 1083–1087, 1117–1118, 1137–1139; views of U.S. officials on, 1080–1081, 1158–1159;
    • Loan negotiations, 1119–1120
    • Requests for U.S. aid, and discussions on, 65–66, 101–103, 126, 1072, 1136, 1158–1159, 1169
  • Military U.S. aid, conversation with President Truman on, 551–552
  • President of Executive Yuan, appointment of, 398
  • Sino-Soviet Treaty of Aug. 14, 1945, role in. See Sino-Soviet Treaty.
  • Yalta Agreement, consultation with U.S. officials on, 66–67, 894, 895, 898–903
• Soviet Union (see also Manchuria; Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers; Sinkiang; and Sino-Soviet Treaty):
  • Chinese Communists, relations with, 240, 279–283, 287, 301–304, 465
  • Chinese Government, relations with: Causes of conflict in North China, summary, 858–860; Chinese press on, 861–863; major issues in, 155, 860–863; Soviet attitude toward, 309–310, 345–348, 388, 488–489
  • Entry into war in the Pacific:
    • Chinese reaction to, 148–149, 151
    • Political implications of (see also Yalta Agreement), 870, 876–878; U.S.-Soviet exploratory conversation on execution of Yalta Agreement, 869–870, 878–891, 893, 901–903
  • Hurley conversation with Stalin on common policy toward China, and comment of various officials on his report of, 308–309, 323–325, 333, 338–345
  • Policy in China and the Far East, estimate by U.S. officials, 279–283, 343–344, 648–650, 702–704, 721, 863–865, 928–932
  • Press reports and comments on Chinese events, 131, 142, 151
  • U.S. relations with, as affected by the Chinese situation, 305–306
  • U.S. troops in China, Soviet views on (see also Moscow Meeting), 702–704
• Sprouse, Philip D., 241–242, 470–472, 476–479, 815, 826–827
• Stalin, Marshal or Generalissimo Iosif Vissarionovich, 156, 339–340, 342, 343, 448, 454, 848–850, 888–891, 942, 960–965, 978–979, 981
• Standard Vacuum Oil Company, 782, 1357, 1361
• Stanton, Edwin F., 348–350, 1217
• Stanton, William T., 32, 1058–1059, 1062–1063, 1093–1095, 1115
• Stein, Guenther, 356n , 357n , 358n
• Stettinius, E. R., Jr., 154, 278
• Stevens, Harry E., 446–447, 462–463, 567–568, 575–576, 667, 689, 696–697, 720, 785, 813, 1420n , 1422
• Stilwell, Lt. Gen. Joseph W., 3n , 14, 419, 735–736
• Stimson, Henry L., 876–878, 943–944
• Stratemeyer, Gen. George E., 16n , 24, 573–574
• Straus, Michael W., 1441–1442
• Sturgeon, Leo D., 1467n , 1468–1469
• Sulzberger, C. L., 270, 292
• Sumner, John D., 32n , 351, 353–361, 410–411, 1062n , 1136, 1348–1351
• Sun Fo, 11, 65, 89, 182, 187–189, 236–237, 328–329, 354, 396, 415, 1223–1225, 1233, 1235, 1241–1242, 1247, 1257, 1335–1336
• Sun Kung-tu C., 1319n
• Sun Li-jen, Gen., 5
• Sun Lien-chung, Gen., 128, 129, 579
• Sun Yat-sen, 29, 193, 195, 862, 1333
• Sun Yat-sen, Madame, 17, 187–189
• Suzuki, Adm. Kantaro, 92
• Szechwan: Famine in, reports, 72, 74; U.S. Consulate in, 1459
• Tai Li, Gen., 46, 161n
• Taiwan, See Formosa.
• Technical U.S. assistance for China, arrangements for, 1425–1449
  • Agricultural mission to China and agricultural collaboration agreement, discussions on, 1436–1438, 1438–1441, 1444, 1446–1447, 1448–1449
  • Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese: Naming of U.S. Agricultural Attaché honorary adviser to, and State Department views on, 1433, 1434; transfer of to Nanking, 1447
  • Soil conservation expert W. C. Lowdermilk, discussions on sending of to China, 1433–1434, 1443, 1447
  • Culture center in Shanghai, establishment of, 1445–1446
  • Locke Mission. See Locke Mission.
  • Nelson Mission, 1067n , 1340n , 1355, 1428–1441
  • Petroleum industry, 1425–1426, 1427
  • War Production Board, Chinese, 1428–1431
  • Yangtze Gorge hydroelectric power project, discussions on preparation of engineering reports for, 1426, 1427–1428, 1431–1432, 1434–1435, 1438, 1441–1442, 1444–1445
• Teh Wang, 267
• Teng Ying-ch’ao (Madame Chou En-lai), 350, 487
• Texas Company (China) Ltd., 782
• Thackrey, T. O., 1476
• Thailand-Chinese border clashes, 122–123, 134, 138
• Thorp, Willard L., 1186n , 1442
• Tientsin: Political situation in, 599, 600, 618, 692–694, 705; protection of American companies in, 1402–1408, 1414–1417, 1418–1422, 1423
• Tihwa, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
• Tonseth, Capt. Thomas H., 1037–1039
• Trade interests, U.S., promotion of in China (see also Commercial treaty), 1352–1354, 1355–1357, 1360–1361, 1379
• Transportation, Chinese request for trucks to relieve shortage in, and U.S. compliance with, 1075, 1079–1080, 1100
• Treaties, conventions, etc. (see also under Chinese Government):
  • Anglo-American Agreement (1941), 941
  • Bern Convention (1931), 1296
  • Commercial treaty between the United States and Great Britain (1815), 1302, 1306
  • Convention and protocol on double taxation between United States and Canada (1942), 1297
  • Hague Regulations on Land Warfare (1901), 1423
  • Inter-American Coffee Agreement (1940), 1303
  • International Monetary Agreement (1944), 779n , 1083, 1285, 1307
  • Mutual Aid Agreement between United States and U.S.S.R. (1942), 1301
  • Nine Power Treaty of 1922, 915, 937
  • Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty of 1905 (Treaty of Portsmouth), 864, 865, 939
  • Soviet-Czech Agreement of 1944, 928
  • Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact (1939), 370, 787
  • Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941), 92, 370, 862, 936
  • Soviet-Mongolian Mutual Assistance Pact (1936), 936
  • Trade agreements between United States and Argentina (1941), 1301, 1303, 1305, 1307; Canada (1935), 1308; Mexico (1942), 1301, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1307, 1308; United Kingdom (1897), 1301
  • Treaty between United States and Argentina (1853), 1299; Japan (1911), 1295; Peru (1887), 1293
  • Tripartite Treaty of Kiakhta (1915), 935
• Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation with China, preliminary discussions regarding negotiation of. See Commercial Treaty, etc.
• Trial of an American citizen by Chinese court, U.S. dissatisfaction with results, 1450–1456
• Truman, Harry S.:
  • Conversation with T. V. Soong, 101–103, 551–552, 901–903
  • Correspondence with Chiang Kai-shek, 120, 126–127, 143–144, 495–496, 509, 511, 557, 569, 582–583, 638, 698, 950, 1132–1133, 1354–1355
  • Directives and instructions to General Marshall, 764–765, 767–769, 770–773, 1376–1377; General MacArthur (General Order No. 1), 530–531
  • Messages to: Harry L. Hopkins, 891; Patrick J. Hurley, 868–869; George C. Marshall, 773; Iosif V. Stalin, 904
  • Statements on:
    • Military assistance to China, 561–562
    • U.S. policy toward China: Oct. 28, 722; Dec. 15, 488, 770–773, 770n , 839–840
• Tsai Ting-kai, Gen., 159, 199, 295
• Tso Shun-sheng, 350, 417, 424
• Tsou Lu, 239
• Tsur, Y. T. (Chou Yi-chun), 1433n , 1436n
• Tu Li-min, Gen., 471, 700, 1038, 1051–1052
• Tung Pi-wu, 307, 310, 332, 350, 399–400–488, 800
• Turner, William T., 568–569
• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See Soviet Union.
• United Kingdom (see also Hong Kong):
  • Attitude on the future of China, and U.S. efforts to unify, 35–36, 218–219, 258–259, 294
  • Chinese postwar policy on overseas Chinese, views on, 135
  • London conversations between Hurley, Churchill and Eden on policy toward China, 269, 329–332
  • Postwar U.S. policy toward China and Japan, interest in consultations on, 95–96
• United Nations Charter, 724
• United Nations Conference on International Organization, Chinese delegation to, and question of Communist representation, 65, 234–236, 237–238, 239–240, 268–269, 278–279, 283–284, 298, 307–308
• United Nations Declaration of Jan. 1, 1942, 1301
• United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference. See Treaties, etc.: International Monetary Agreement. United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), 45–46, 287, 778, 782–783, 1341, 1470
• United States:
  • Armed forces in China. See Military forces in China.
  • Army observer section in Yenan, 287–289, 353n , 355n , 356n , 358n , 360, 736–737, 793–794
  • Civilian agencies in China, coordination of economic activities of, 30–31, 31–33, 45–46, 80–84
  • Diplomatic and consular offices in China (see also under Manchuria and Shanghai):
    • Embassy in Chungking, question of transfer to Nanking, 1457–1458, 1463–1464
    • Liberated areas, reopening of, 1457–1475; protection of, 1413–1414
    • Radio facilities, inadequacy of in China, and U.S. request to Chinese Government regarding, 1465, 1469–1470, 1472, 1473–1475
    • Staff shortages in, 197–198, 1392–1393, 1393–1394, 1397
  • Objectives and policies with regard to China (see also Marshall Mission), 31, 34, 37–39, 74–79, 93–95, 116–117, 216–218, 249–253, 262–264, 535–537, 646–647, 688, 878–887, 892
  • War Shipping Administration, 41–43, 608–609, 643–644
• Vincent, John C., 35–39, 71–72, 123, 153, 158–159, 186–187, 247–249, 270–272, 323–325, 328, 482, 550–551, 566–567, 570–571, 580–581, 614–617, 639–643, 740–742, 745–747, 759–760, 763, 853–855, 857, 1064–1065
• Vinson, Fred M., 1116n
• Votaw, Maurice, 353n , 358n
• Vyshinsky, Andrey Yanuaryevich, 523n , 984
• Walker, Melville H., 1233n , 1238
• Wallace, Henry A., 274, 555, 736n , 852
• Wang Chung-hui, 1217, 1316
• Wang Jo-fei, Gen., 420–428, 457–459, 463, 474, 488
• Wang Ping-nan, 409, 474, 481, 482, 485, 487–488, 1036
• Wang, S. C., 667, 1426
• Wang Shih-chieh, 174, 185n , 193, 195–196, 223, 226, 233–234, 307, 430, 438, 462, 463, 952–953, 1035, 1039, 1046–1047, 1466
• Wang Shou-chin, 1146, 1160–1161
• Wang Yun-wu, 416, 424, 428
• War crimes, Chinese investigation of, 96–97
• War Production Board, Chinese (see also Nelson mission), 1428–1431
• Ward, Bishop Ralph A., 1408
• Ward, Robert S., 985–1025 passim
• Watson, Adam, 447–448
• Watson, Mark, 135, 142
• Wedemeyer, Gen. Albert C., 6n , 7, 15, 22, 44, 134, 232–233, 270–272, 378, 393, 482, 516, 543, 547, 566–567, 736, 1061, 1191–1192, 1484; messages to General Eisenhower, 650–660, 662–665, 669–670, 679–684; messages to General Marshall, 531–534, 603–605, 611–613, 627–628, 635–637, 751–754
• Wei Tao-ming, 41–42, 831n , 870, 876, 1043, 1047–1048, 1055–1056, 1109–1110, 1114–1115, 1146–1147, 1473n
• Welles, Sumner, 418
• White, C. Thayer, 1319, 1322
• Willauer, Whiting, 1058n
• Willoughby, Woodbury, 1314, 1321, 1322
• Wilson, Robert R., 1319n , 1320, 1323
• Winant, John G., 500n , 956
• Withdrawal of Soviet and American troops from China. See Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers; Manchuria; and Military forces in China.
• Wong Wen-hao, 410, 1235, 1338–1339, 1348–1351, 1360, 1361, 1425, 1430
• Woodard, Granville O., 1319, 1320
• Wu Chung-hsin, 988, 995, 1000, 1005
• Wu, John C. H., 396, 1317–1318
• Wu, K. C., 89n , 97, 131–134, 298, 468–469, 473, 482–485, 500–501, 503, 856–857, 1337, 1390, 1482, 1483
• Wu Nan-ju, 50, 69
• Wu Shang-ying, 1225, 1230, 1234
• Wu Teh-chen, 89, 379
• Yalta Agreement (1945), 66–67, 865–870, 893–894, 895, 896–901, 903–907, 914–915, 924, 926; U.S., 934–942, 943–948, 950, 953–954, 956–957, 960–961, 975, 976–977, 980
• Yang Chieh, Gen., 187–189
• Yangtze Gorge hydroelectric project. See under Technical U.S. assistance.
• Yeaton, Col. Ivan D., 793–794
• Yeh Chien-ying, Gen., 483, 487, 800
• Yen Hsi-shan, Gen., 182, 293–294, 568
• Yen, W. W., 89
• Young, Arthur N., 138, 858–860, 1064–1065, 1355
• Yu Han-mou, Gen., 159, 160, 182
• Yui, O. K., 1057, 1097, 1099, 1118, 1174
• Yuni, William E., 33, 191n
• Yunnan, 393–394; postwar political and military situation in, 470–472