Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers,
1945, The Far East, China, Volume VII
Index
- Acheson, Dean, 559–561, 577–578, 684–686, 697, 824–825, 1027–1028
- Act of Chapultepec (1945), 560
- Adler, Solomon, 777–783, 1056–1057, 1059–1072, 1116–1119, 1122–1124, 1129–1130, 1144–1151, 1162–1165, 1169–1170, 1173–1175, 1186–1188, 1192–1193, 1352
- American business firms in China, representations by United
States regarding registration of, pending enactment of new company law, 1206–1257
- Chinese company law (see also
Registration, infra):
- China Trade Act of 1922, relation
to, 1239, 1253, 1254, 1256–1257
- Dissatisfaction of American business interests with
existing law, and request for new regulations, 1206–1209
- Enactment of new regulations, discussions
concerning, and draft revisions, 1206–1209, 1218, 1220–1246; draft
Chinese Corporation Law, 1229–1233
- Revision of (see also
Enactment, supra):
- Approval by Legislative Yuan, and evaluation by
American Embassy, 1242–1246
- Objections by American business to, 1250–1252, 1255–1256
- Press report announcing new company law, and
Embassy comments, 1246–1250
- U.S. formal note to Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs
requesting further modifications of revised law, and other
efforts, 781, 1249–1250, 1252, 1253–1254, 1255, 1257
- Registration of American business firms in China,
discussions concerning, 1206, 1208–1223,
1250–1252, 1255–1256, 1315–1316
- American film distributors in China, U.S. representations regarding
restrictions on remittances to United States, 1327–1331
- Amoy, International Settlement. See
International Settlements.
- Asakura v. Seattle (265
U.S. 332) (1924), 1313
- Atcheson, George, Jr., 22, 32, 168, 190–191, 325–326, 565–566, 569, 726–727, 728–729, 730–734, 740, 987, 1453
- Atkinson, Brooks, 274, 419
- Atlantic Charter (1941), 40, 331–332, 556, 722, 724, 1300, 1337
- Attlee, Clement R., 504, 523n
- Avarin, V., 309–310, 346
- Aviation:
- Chinese air force personnel, postwar training of, 629, 638
- Commercial American pilots, question of sending to China, 91, 114–115
- Lend-Lease shipments of aircraft to China, 638–639, 1189–1190
- Ballantine, Joseph W., 47–48, 137–138, 253, 260–264, 525, 975–976, 1009, 1389
- Barbey, Adm. Daniel E., 668–669
- Barrett, Col. David D., 18, 209, 210
- Bennett, Charles R., 1161–1162
- Bennett, John Cecil Sterndale, 95–96, 218–219, 258–259, 269, 294, 485–486, 510–511
- Berrigan, Darrell, 1476, 1477
- Bevin, Ernest, 510n
, 523n
, 830, 833,
836, 842–843
- Bissell, Maj. Gen. Clayton L., 455
- Boehringer, Carl H., 33, 45–47, 80–84, 191n
, 1060–1062
- Bohlen, Charles E., 742, 878n
- Bretton Woods Agreement (1944).See
International Monetary Agreement
under
Treaties, etc.
- Brewster, Owen, 17, 555
- Briggs, Ellis O., 80, 81–83, 103–104, 408n
, 1342, 1392n
, 1431
- Brooks, E. P., 1428n
, 1430
- Browder, Earl, 403n
, 418
- Burma Road and Ledo-Burma Road, 2–3, 23, 48–50, 64
- Butrick, Richard P., 475n
, 1460n
, 1465–1467,
1471–1472
- Byrnes, James F., 127, 453n
, 547–549,
646–647, 684–686, 689–690, 729–730, 739–740, 760–769, 835–850
passim, 981
- Byroade, Col. Henry A., 774n
, 1168n
- “C–C clique” in Kuomintang, 160, 385, 414
- Cairo Declaration (1943), 102, 126, 631, 745, 771, 869, 882, 1484
- Calder, Alonzo Bland, 475n
, 648–650,
708–719, 721, 1175–1177, 1355n
, 1394n
- California Texas Oil Company, Ltd., 1362
- Carter, Gen. A. H., 1091n
- Carton de Wiart, Lt. Gen. Sir Adrian, 40, 134n
, 732
- Casaday, Lauren W., 1136n
, 1144–1146,
1147–1148,
1149–1151,
1159–1160,
1165, 1169–1170
- Censorship in China, 116, 117
- Central government. See
Chinese government.
- Chandler, Albert B., 17, 555
- Chang, C. C., 1439
- Chang Chao-yuan C., 1225, 1230–1248
passim, 1255
- Chang Chih-ehung, Gen., 223, 463, 474, 1012, 1013, 1017, 1021
- Chang Chun, Gen., 183, 241–242, 463
- Chang Chun-mai (Carsun Chang), 26, 333, 350, 400, 402–403
- Chang Fa-kuei, General, 85, 159, 160, 199, 295, 326
- Chang Hsi-jo, 158–159
- Chang Hsueh-liang, Marshal, 207n
, 414, 1049n
- Chang Hsueh-shih, 1049, 1051
- Chang Kia-ngau, 26, 1032–1033
- Chang, P. H., 1174, 1255, 1257
- Chang, Po-chun, 417, 424
- Chang Tse-chung, Gen., 174, 193, 461
- Chang Tso-lin, Marshal, 902
- Chang Tung-sen, 816n
- Chang Yen, Gen., 325, 412
- Chase, Augustus S., 57–64, 79–80,
199–200, 264–265, 289n
, 304, 384–385, 385–386, 388–389, 433–434, 475n
, 1394n
, 1466
- Chauvel, Jean, 688
- Chen, C. M., 185
- Chen Cheng, Gen., 7, 10–17, 119, 209, 419, 461
- Chen Chia-kang, 308, 368–371
- Chen Han-seng, 246–247
- Chen, K. P., 187–189
- Chen Kuo-fu, 11, 160n
, 1148
- Chen Li-fu, 11, 16,
160n
- Chen Yi, Gen., 743
- Chennault, Gen. Claire L., 6, 14, 551n
- Cheves, Gen. Gilbert T., 7, 23, 1459
- Chiang Ching-kuo, 799n
, 942, 1000,
1035
- Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo:
- Addresses, statements, interpretations and editorial comments on:
Censorship of military news, 116;
Constitutional government, March 1, 254–258, 258–259, 260, 265–266, 268–269; Kuomintang Congress, 6th, opening
address, 378–380; Peoples Congress, convention of, Jan. 1, 153; V–E Day, 101; U.S. aid, lack of, 123–124
- Capital, movement to Nanking, 1458
- Conversations with: Mao Tse-tung, 455–457, 461; Michael J. Mansfield, 19–20; General
G. C. Marshall, 794–799, 814–815
- Criticism of in China, 158–159
- Estimate of Chiang Kai-shek and his policies by: George Atcheson,
Jr., and Ambassador Hurley’s comments on, 242–246, 260–262; W.
H. Donald, 441–444; Ambassador Hurley, 318;
Mao Tse-tung, 275–278; Dr. Frank Price, 393;
John S. Service, 300–301
- Exchange of messages with Stalin, 948–949; Truman, 129, 545,
553–554,
557, 564, 572, 603, 629, 660–661, 702, 926,
948–949,
1128–1129
- Japan:
- Military mission, U.S., request for, 546–547, 553–554
- Military operations in the China Theater, 134, 144–145, 149–150
- Reelection of, as leader of Kuomintang, 387
- Tribute to Ambassador Hurley, 475,
752
- Troop transport to North China, requests for U.S. aid in, 603–605, 626–627
- Views and position on: Appointment of George Atcheson, Jr., and
John S. Service to Office of U.S. Political Adviser in Japan, 565–566;
British, 545, 546; Chinese Communists, 240,
429–430,
786–793;
Sino-Soviet Treaty of 1945, 445–446, 918–919; U.S.
policy statement of Dec. 15, 785; Yalta Agreement, 903–904
- Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 393, 540–542, 752, 795
- Chiang Mon-lin, 16, 187–189, 190, 425
- Chiang Shih-yi, Brig. Gen., 1402, 1407
- Chicherin, Georgy Vasilyevich, 936
- Chin Fen, 1357–1359
- Chin Pang-hsien (Po Ku), 285n
, 360, 373
- China:
- China-American Council of Commerce and Industry, 1207, 1216, 1220, 1227, 1232–1233, 1237, 1250, 1257
- China Electric Company, Ltd., 1388, 1400
- China Trade Act of 1922, question of registration
of American firms in China under, 1239, 1253, 1254, 1256–1257, 1257n
- Chinese Army (see also under
Manchuria)
- Border incidents with Thailand, 122–123, 126, 134,
138
- Military operations. See
Military situation: Reports.
- Ministry of War, achievements of, 119
- Reorganization of, and relations with the American military
establishment, 47–48, 51, 84–87, 139–141
- Transfer of troops to North China and Manchuria
after Japanese surrender, Chinese efforts to obtain increased U.S.
assistance and aid in, 603–605, 611–613, 626–627, 660–661, 666–667, 1027–1028; U.S. policy on,
565, 606–607, 610, 697–698, 1027–1028, 1037–1039,
1054, 1054–1055
- Chinese Communists:
- Chiang Kai-shek’s position on, 240,
429–430,
786–793
- Chinese Government, attitude toward, 289–290
- Conditions in Communist areas: Economic and social, 212–215, 264–265, 287–289;
political organization in, 164–168, 290–292; popular support, 200–204;
relief plans for, 285–287
- Japanese surrender, position on, 514–515, 518–520
- Kuomintang:
- Manchuria and North China, interest and activity in (see also
Military position, etc., infra), 279–283, 371,
1036–1037, 1040–1043
- Military position and activity:
- Arms and military supplies, efforts to obtain from
surrendering Japanese, 270, 292
- Operations (see also
Military situation: Reports) Clashes with Nationalist
and provincial troops, 172, 238–239, 406–410, 412, 415–416, 440–441, 446–447, 567–568
- Strength, appraisal of, 158,
432–433
- Military position and activity (post-surrender):
- General, 534–535, 549–550, 552–553, 563–564, 572–573, 576–577, 578–580, 601–602, 613–614, 619, 626–627, 634–635, 637–638, 667–668, 678–679, 686–687, 691–692, 694–696, 700–701, 705–707, 720
- Incidents and clashes with U.S. military forces, 542–543, 602–603, 607–608, 609, 610–611, 618, 625–626, 634–635, 647–648
- Minority parties, Communist attitude toward anti-National
Government coalition of, 332–333
- Policies and organization of Communist Party: Dissensions in
party, reports of, 204, 246–247, 373–374, 462–463;
platforms and policies, 351–361, 403–405; resolution of Central Secretariat on
military dealings with the United States, 185; separate regime, preparations for the establishment
of, 435–437
- Radio broadcasts, monitoring of, 269–270, 385–386
- Representation at United Nations Conference, question of. See
United Nations Conference.
- Soviet Union, relations with. See under
Soviet Union.
- United States:
- Attitude of Chinese Communists toward, 418–422, 433–434; troops in China after
Japanese surrender, Communist views on, 577, 624–625, 635
- Military aid, question of:
- U.S. observers in Communist areas. See
U.S. Army observer section.
- Views on the general situation in China, 310–317, 368–371
- Chinese Government (see also
Kuomintang; Kuomintang-Communist relations; and
Political situation):
- Business firms, American. See
American business firms in China.
- Censorship, 116, 117
- Commercial relations with United States. See
Commercial treaty
and
Trade interests.
- Constitutional Government. See
National Assembly.
- Courts. See
Trial of an American citizen, etc.
- Delegation to United Nations Conference. See
United Nations Conference on International
Organization.
- Executive Yuan, membership changes in, 398–399, 425
- Foreign investment in China, attitude toward, 1337–1338
- Foreign policy, statement on postwar, 131–134; British views, 135
- Japan, alleged relations with, 220–223, 293, 294
- Lend-Lease administration. See
Chinese Supply Commission.
- Patent law, 1240–1241
- People’s Congress, See
National assembly.
- People’s Political Council. See
People’s Political Council.
- Postwar position. See
Postwar economic reconstruction.
- Reforms, demand for. See
Political situation: Government reforms.
- Soviet Union:
- Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Commercial intercourse and judicial procedure, treaty with
United States (1880), 1288
- Commercial relations, treaty with United States (1903), 1288
- Cotton and Wheat Loan agreement with United States (1933), 1076
- Extraterritorial rights in China, treaties for
relinquishment of. See
Extraterritorial rights.
- Financial agreement with United States (1942), 1082
- Gold agreement with United States (1943), 102
- Immigration treaty with United States (1880), 1288, 1291
- Mutual Aid Agreement with United States (1942), 1108, 1207, 1300, 1301, 1337
- Peace, amity and commerce, treaties with United States
(1844, 1858), 1287
- Rates of duty on imports into China, treaty with United
States establishing (1920), 1288
- Russo-Chinese convention (1898),
938
- Sino-Soviet agreement on general principles (1924), 935
- Sino-Soviet Declaration (1913),
935
- Sino-Soviet treaty (1945). See
Sino-Soviet treaty of 1945.
- Soviet treaty of 1924 with Chang
Tso-lin, 902
- Tariff relations, treaty with United States regulating
(1928), 1288, 1302
- Trade, consuls and emigration, treaty with United States
(1868), 1288
- Trade regulations and tariff, treaty with United States
establishing (1858), 1287
- Wheat Loan Agreement with United States (1931), 1076
- United Kingdom, relations with. See
Hong Kong
and
United Kingdom.
- U.S. political support of, 242–246, 413,
555–557
- Chinese Eastern Railway. See
Manchuria: Railroads.
- Chinese Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 1341
- Chinese Supply Commission, 1146–1147
- Chou En-lai, 10, 173, 223–224, 226, 231–232, 234–235, 268–269, 310, 350, 385n
, 417, 457–459, 462–465, 472–473, 484, 487, 490, 624–625, 800–804
- Chou En-lai, Madame (Teng Ying-ch’ao), 350,
487
- Chou Yi-chun (Y. T. Tsur), 1433n
, 1436n
- Chu Hein-ming, 870–876
- Chu Shao-liang, Gen., 985n
, 987, 988,
992–993, 1001–1003, 1007
- Chu Teh, Gen., 221, 222, 310, 385n
, 386, 388,
462, 514–515, 518n
, 519–520,
577, 743, 787–788, 793–794, 870–876
- Chu Yun-shan, 182–184
- Churchill, Winston S., 217, 330, 331–332
- Clarac, Achille-Marie, 40, 55–56
- Clayton, William L., 102n
, 1098–1099,
1215–1216,
1259, 1315,
1428n
, 1444–1445
- Clubb, O. Edmund, 986–987, 1028–1030, 1033–1035, 1042–1043, 1048–1050, 1467n
, 1470, 1472–1473
- Collado, Emilio G., 1080n
, 1087–1088
- Commercial Pacific Cable Company, 1388, 1399–1400, 1401
- Commercial treaty between United States and China,
preliminary discussions regarding, 1258–1326
- British interest in, 1315
- Discussions between Senate Foreign Relations Committee and State
Department suggested, 1314; with
Chinese officials at San Francisco and Washington, 1315–1323
- Negotiations, U.S. efforts to initiate, 1314, 1324–1326
- Relation to Chinese corporate legislation, 1212–1213
- U.S. draft:
- Communications Act of 1934 (U.S.), 1475
- Communists, Chinese. See
Chinese Communists.
- Constant, Col. S. V., 441–444
- Constitutional Promotion Association, 187–189
- Consular convention between U.S. and China, proposed, 1310
- Consular posts in liberated areas, pressure from other governments for
reopening of, and Chinese position on, 1462–1463
- Conventions, See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Cotton and textile industry in China, 1181,
1184–1185,
1346–1347
- Craig, Maj. Gen. Howard A., 748n
- Crowley, Leo T., 102n
, 1079–1080,
1105–1106,
1130–1132,
1133, 1155–1156, 1169, 1300n
- Crume, Col. J. R. 1189–1190
- Dairen. See under
Manchuria.
- Danton, Capt. C. W., 603
- Darlington, Brooks, 80, 84
- Davidson, Maj. Gen. Howard, 6
- Davies, John, Jr., 13, 155–158, 159–162, 246–247, 334–338, 416, 439–440, 447–448, 517–518, 740, 928–932
- Davis, Col. James C, 1200–1202
- Dawson, Owen L., 1433, 1438–1441, 1446–1447, 1468n
- de Gaulle, Gen. Charles, 540n
- De Lacy, Hugh, 577n
- Democratic League (Federation of Chinese Democratic
Parties), 182–184,
187–189, 234–235, 293, 332–333, 334, 805, 815–824
- DePass, Col. Morris B., 12n
, 47, 181n
- Diplomatic Quarter at Peiping. See
International Settlements.
- Donald, W. H., 57, 441–444
- Donovan, Gen. William J., 46
- Doolittle, Gen. James H., 23n
- Dooman, Eugene H., 126
- Drumright, Everett F., 135–137, 204n
, 249–253,
347, 365–367, 380–382, 413, 421–423, 425, 435–437, 1005, 1319
- Dunn, James Clement, 262n
, 521, 522
- Durbrow, Elbridge, 863–865
- Economic situation in China (see also
Financial situation), 777–785, 1363–1376
- Civilian Economic Mission, proposal for, 554–555
- Economic mission, strengthening of, 31–33
- Eden, Anthony, 259, 332
- Edwards, Jay Dixon, 1110n
, 1392n
- Eisenhower, Gen Dwight D., 644–645
- Emmerson, John K., 360, 368–371, 740
- Enemy assets, proposal for Sino-American intelligence organization to
establish location of, 679, 690–691, 701, 707–708
- Evans, Col. W. K., 220
- Export-Import Bank, 782, 785, 1056, 1077, 1135–1136, 1185, 1198, 1200–1201, 1203, 1205
- Extraterritorial rights in China, discussions regarding
relinquishment of, 133, 780, 901–902, 918, 1268, 1306, 1321, 1325, 1380n
, 1381, 1384, 1385, 1388, 1390–1391
- Federation of Chinese Democratic Parties. See
Democratic League.
- Feng Yu-hsiang, Marshal, 182, 187–189
- Fetter, Frank W., 538
- Financial situation in China (see
also
Lend-Lease; Loans and
credits; and
Reverse Lend-Lease), 1055–1205
- Assessment of financial situation (see also
Inflation, etc., infra), 1129–1130, 1139–1141, 1148, 1152–1155; outline of plan
for reconstruction of China’s currency and finance, 1141–1143
- Banks, U.S., transfer of funds from blocked accounts, 1120–1121
- Chinese assets in the United States, situation of, 1170–1173,
1173–1174, 1175, 1188–1189,
1192–1193
- Chinese requests for U.S. aid, and discussions on, 65–66, 101–103, 126, 1072,
1136, 1158–1159, 1169
- Credits for reconstruction and development, U.S. consideration of,
1194–1197, 1198–1204
- Exchange rates, U.S. efforts for modification of on behalf of U.S.
businessmen, 1113–1114, 1157–1158, 1159–1160,
1164–1167, 1169–1173, 1173–1175, 1188–1189,
1192–1193
- Inflation, problem of, and suggestions for
combatting, 1060–1062, 1066–1067, 1087–1088, 1110–1113,
1116–1117, 1122
- Inflation-control measures:
- Currency Stabilization Fund, discussions of U.S. proposal
for establishment of, 1081–1083, 1085–1086. 1096–1097, 1106, 1107, 1119
- Gold-sale program of Chinese Government:
- Gold shipments to China, increase in, and
discussions of gold-sale program, 1055, 1056–1057, 1063–1065, 1074, 1083–1085, 1087, 1089–1091, 1096–1097, 1104–1105, 1178; views of Ambassador
Hurley, and subsequent departmental exchange, 1100–1104
- Scandal in Chungking, 1095, 1097,
1099
- Suspension of program, 1117–1118,
1122–1124
- Importation of cotton textile goods into China, and U.S.
efforts to procure, 1058–1059, 1062–1063, 1075, 1079–1081, 1098–1099, 1105–1106
- Military expenditures, U.S., in China, financing of (see also
Surplus property, infra):
- Currency: Availability of in liberated areas, 1136–1137, 1145–1146; U.S. Navy requirements,
1121
- U.S. Army yuan obligations, and settlement of (see also
Surplus property, infra), 1057–1058, 1059, 1065, 1108–1109, 1116
- War Department on use of free or blocked dollars in
negotiaing contracts in China, 1182–1183
- Redemption of puppet currencies, 1129, 1144–1145, 1147–1148, 1162–1164,
1198
- Remittances to United States by U.S. film distributors in China,
U.S. representations regarding Chinese restrictions, 1327–1331
- Surplus property, proposal for sale of for
settlement of U.S. Army obligations in China, and negotiations for
sale contracts, 1167–1169, 1173,
1177–1178, 1183–1184, 1186–1188, 1190–1192,
1193–1194
- Fisher, H. H., 993
- Fontanel, Emile, 537n
- Foreign Economic Administration (FEA), 31–33, 1079–1080, 1091–1095
- Formosa, 1144–1145
- Forrestal, James V., 525n
, 538–539,
609, 646, 684–686, 670–678, 878, 883–884
- France. See
Indochina.
- Freeman, Fulton, 191n
, 740, 1198,
1392n
- French Indochina. See
Indochina.
- Friedman, Irving S., 1065n
, 1080
- Friedman, Julian R., 265–266, 323, 1467
- Fu Ssu-nien, 416, 424, 429
- Fu Tso-yi, Gen., 128, 129
- Gauss, Clarence E., 29n
, 261n
, 743, 782
- Gay, Merrill G., 1252
- Germans in China, 141–142, 690–691
- Grew, Joseph C., 147–148, 182, 254, 260–261, 869–870, 878–879, 898–900, 906–907, 934–935, 1089, 1103, 1485–1487
- Hackworth, Green H., 740–744
- Handy, Gen. Thomas T., 747n
- Harding, Donald F., 1115n
, 1161–1162
- Harriman, W. Averell, 341–342, 448n
, 834–835,
851n
, 889–891,
904–906, 908–909, 944–948, 950–951, 953–954, 960–965
- Helmick, Milton J., 1206n
, 1209–1210,
1415n
- Henderson, Leon, 80, 83, 1066, 1067
- Hicks, Paul, 603
- Hinke, Frederick W., 1392n
, 1416n
, 1463n
- Ho Ying-chin, Gen., 7–8, 16, 47–48, 51,
84, 131, 139–141, 443, 544
- Holland, William L., 80, 84, 1469–1470
- Hollis, Walter, 1319n
, 1321, 1322, 1323
- Honan Province, 27–28, 397–398, 575–576
- Hong Kong: British intention of accepting Japanese surrender
in, 504, 505–507, 510–511, 512–513; Chinese position on 500–502, 503; exchange of messages between Chiang Kai-shek and President
Truman on, 120, 507–509, 511–513; U.S. proposals for, 505, 509, 511
- Hoo, Victor, 65, 870, 871, 874, 876
- Hopkins, Harry L., 66n
, 887–889,
891, 893n
- Howard, Hungerford B., 33, 1460n
- Howard. John K., 1173n
, 1190–1191
- Hsiung Shih-hui, Gen., 1040–1042, 1049
- Hsueh Yuen, Gen., 182, 199, 412
- Hu Shih, 65, 90,
350
- Huang Yen-pei, 187–189, 416, 425
- Hull, Cordell, 110, 319
- Hull, Gen. John E., 748n
, 758–759
- Hunan Province, 93, 97–98
- Hurley, Maj. Gen. Patrick J., 722–744
- Addresses and statements, 39–40, 127–128, 317–322, 374–378, 454;
Chinese comments on, 326–327, 367–368, 486
- Charges made against certain Foreign Service Officers, and replies
thereto, 351–352, 723–724, 726–744
- Correspondence with Chou En-lai, 235,
279; W. Averell Harriman, 308–309; Mao
Tse-tung, 163–164, 180–181, 466;
Henry Morgenthau, Jr., 1100–1102; President Roosevelt, 172–177; T.
V. Soong, 66; President Truman, 107–114, 329, 722–726, 865–868
- Criticism of, 348–350
- London conversations on policy toward China, 329–332
- Moscow conversation on policy toward China, 338–340
- Presentation of credentials to Chiang Kai-shek, 29–30
- Request to visit Washington, 555–556, 569–570
- Resignation as Ambassador, 722–726
- Hydroelectric projects. See
Technical U.S. assistance: Yangtze Gorge, etc.
- Immigration Act of 1924 (U.S.), 1291
- Indochina: Chinese expeditionary force against, and French
views on, 55–56;
division of operational areas in, and Chiang Kai-shek views on, 143–144, 146, 149–150; French requests for U.S. aid to French
troops [Page 1497] and refugees in, and U.S.
policy on, 43–44, 50–51, 68, 99–100; Japanese surrender, French efforts to accept
in, and U.S. and Chinese position on, 498–500, 503, 513, 514; postwar
status of, 540–541
- Inner Mongolia, 267–268, 390–391, 400–401
- International Civil Aviation Conference, Nov.–Dec.
1944, 783
- International Settlements, postwar transfer to China, 1380–1387
- International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, 1388, 1400
- Iran Declaration (1943), 331, 724
- Isaacs, Harold, 1476
- Jacobson, James A., 45, 46, 554–555, 1441
- Japan (see also under
Military situation):
- Military operations in China. See
Reports
under Military situation in China.
- Peace offers, reported rejection by Chiang Kai-shek, 57
- Surrender, questions involving arrangements for, 492–526, 544–545
- Chinese Communists:
- Chiang Kai-shek’s order on surrender procedure,
516–517
- Commander in Chief of Chinese Communist forces,
order to Communist troops, and representations to
United States on Japanese surrender, 514–515, 518–520; proposed U.S. reply
to, 521; views of
various U.S. officials on, 515–516, 517–518
- U.S. proposal for a Joint Statement by the Four
Powers on surrender of Japanese troops to Chiang
Kai-shek, discussions on, 522–526
- Chinese Government: Participation in acceptance of
Japanese surrender, arrangements for, 492, 495–496, 496–498; U.S.-Chinese
consultations on reply to Japanese acceptance of Potsdam
Declaration, 492–494, 496
- Hong Kong: British intention of accepting Japanese
surrender in, 504, 505–507, 510–511, 512–513; Chinese
position on, 500–502, 503; exchange of messages between Chiang Kai-shek
and President Truman on, 507–509, 511–513; U.S. proposals for, 505, 509, 511
- Indochina: French efforts to accept Japanese surrender in,
and U.S. views, 498–500, 513; Chinese position, 503, 514
- Troops in Northern China, disarming and evacuation of, and
subsequent withdrawal of Soviet and American troops from China,
discussions at Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers regarding, 829–850
- Jarrell, Capt. Henry T., 172n
, 1458
- Johnson, William R., 434–435
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (U.S.), 527–528, 565, 590–598, 611, 620–621, 698–700, 1028, 1486
- Josselyn, Paul R., 602–603, 607–608, 690–691, 1256–1257, 1356–1357, 1361, 1380, 1396, 1398, 1408–1411, 1413–1414, 1417–1418, 1447, 1448–1449, 1460n
- Joyner, Calvin N., 1058–1059, 1062–1063
- Judd, Walter H., 413
- Kan Nai-kuang, 410, 411, 1220, 1255, 1337–1338, 1341–1342
- Kearney, A. T., 1428n
, 1429, 1430
- Keating, Joseph T., 1218
- Kennan, George F., 342–344
- Keswick, John, 35–36
- King, Adm. Ernest J., 888, 967
- Kizer, Benjamin H., 46, 1341
- Koiso, Gen. Kuniaki, 221
- Koo, V. K. Wellington, 65, 876
- Korea, 540, 854,
872–873, 882–883, 887, 914
- Ku Chu-tung, Gen., 160, 199
- Kung, H. H., 15n
, 16, 89, 393, 398, 875, 1057, 1108–1109, 1118–1119, 1148, 1206
- Kunming, U.S. consulate in, 1459
- Kuo Ch’i-ch’iao, Gen., 27
- Kuomintang (see also
Chinese Government; Kuomintang-Communist relations; and
Political situation):
- “C-C” clique, 160, 385, 414
- Coalition government, proposals for: Chinese press reaction to,
198; Democratic League, efforts
toward formation of, 182–184; Mao Tse-tung, speech on, 362–365;
Nationalist position on, 236–237; U.S. position on, 365–367, 371–373
- Congress, 6th: Chiang Kai-shek’s address to, and Ambassador
Hurley’s comments on, 378–380; Committee appointed to negotiate
with Chinese Communists, and result of negotiations, 416–417, 424–425, 428–429;
position of on Communist settlement, 407–408; report on, 385, 391–392, 395–396, 413,
415; resolutions adopted, 105–106, 386–388, 1343–1346
- Mao Tse-tung’s views on, 275–278
- Kuomintang-Communist relations:
- Chiang Kai-shek position on, 240, 429–430, 786–793
- Civil war, possibility of, 328–329, 398,
448–453
- Communist position, 275–278, 388–389
- Military clashes between Communist forces and National troops. See
Chinese Communists: Military position and activity.
- Nationalist position, 390–398, 407–408
- Negotiations for settlement of differences:
- British interest in, 218–219, 258–259, 294, 485–486
- Chiang Kai-shek, meeting with Mao Tse-tung, 455–457; Chinese press on, 455
- Communist position (see
also
Proposals and counterproposals,
infra), 168–169, 190–197, 310–317, 426–428, 457–459, 474–475, 481–482, 491
- Hurley, efforts in, 163–164, 180–181, 184, 453–454, 465–466
- Nationalist position (see
also
Proposals and counterproposals,
infra), 185–186, 233–234, 410–411, 459–462
- Progress of negotiations, 172–177, 191–197, 205–212, 220–230, 466–468, 473–474, 475–476, 480
- Proposals and counterproposals (see also
Communist position
and
Nationalist position, supra), 196–197, 230–232, 240, 426–428, 430–433, 457–459, 472–473, 483–485, 491, 826–827; bases of agreement, 463–465, 468–470
- Prospects of agreement, 170–171, 181–182, 186, 481–482
- Soviet Union, views on, 447–448, 454–455, 457, 488–489
- U.S. position, and interest in, 190–191, 219–220, 232–233, 439–440, 827–828
- U.S. views on, 154, 270–272, 422–423, 400–410, 434–435
- Kwangsi, political situation in, 295–298, 384–385, 406, 411–412
- Kwok, K. K., 1057, 1097, 1099
- Lamb, Leo, 1380–1381
- Lanchow, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
- Langdon, William R., 48–50, 84–87,
138–141, 1030–1032, 1459–1460
- Leahy, Adm. William D., 505
- Lee Kan, 1318–1323
- Lei Fa-chang, 479–480
- Lend-Lease program for China (see
also
Military assistance to China
and
Reverse lend-lease):
- Aircraft, shipments to China under Lend-Lease, 638–639, 1189–1190
- Postwar U.S. policy on, and termination of program, 538, 547–549, 558–559, 1115,
1124–1125, 1130–1132, 1133–1135, 1155–1157,
1160–1162, 1167
- Li Chi-shen, Gen., 159, 160, 182, 187–189, 199, 295, 325–326
- Li Huang, 307, 333, 350, 399
- Li Tsung-jen, Gen., 160, 183, 295–296
- Liang Shu-ming, 187–189, 190
- Liberated areas in China:
- Lieberman, Henry R., 1246, 1248
- Lin Tsu-han, 65, 350, 435, 455
- Lin Wei-yin, 1085n
, 1340
- Lin Yu-tang, 1478
- Lincoln, Col. L. J., 1079
- Liu Chieh, 90. 296,
1050–1051,
1473–1474
- Liu Tien-chi, 576, 577
- Liu Tse-yung, 986, 987, 994, 998, 1007, 1021
- Liu Wen-hui, Gen., 182, 187–189, 299–300
- Lo Chia-lun, 986, 988, 998
- Loans and credits to China, U.S. (see
also
Export-Import Bank): Foreign loans to individual
companies, Executive Yuan disapproval of, 1119–1120; loan agreement with the
United States (1941 and 1944),
1055–1056,
1109–1110,
1114–1115;
U.S. Wheat Loan (1931) and U.S. Cotton and Wheat Loan
(1933), Chinese settlement of, 1076–1078
- Locke, Edwin A., Jr., 448–453, 1117n
, 1354–1355,
1359–1360,
1363–1376,
1377–1378,
1428n
, 1441
- Locke Mission, 554–555, 1354–1355, 1359–1360, 1361, 1363–1376, 1377–1378, 1441
- Lockhart, Oliver C., 1137n
, 1152–1155,
1435n
- Lowdermilk, Walter C., 1433, 1443, 1447
- Lozovsky, Solomon Abramovich, 942
- Lu Cheng-ts’ao, Gen., 202–203
- Lu Han., Gen., 470–471
- Lu Tso-fu, 1119–1120
- Luce, Henry R., 142–143, 147–148, 646
- Ludden, Raymond P., 158, 200–204, 212–215, 216—218
- Lung Yun, Gen., 47, 48, 51, 85,
179, 180, 182, 199, 241, 394, 471, 472, 477
- MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 39n
, 495–496,
1393n
- Mackay Radio Company, 1400, 1401
- Maddocks, Gen. Ray T., 544–545
- Malinovsky, Marshal Rodion Yakovlevich, 666,
1041, 1045,
1049
- Manchuria, Soviet postwar policies and actions regarding,
1025–1054
- Chinese Army operation in (see also
Chinese Army: Transfer
of troops):
- Advance of, 1026, 1046–1048, 1051–1053, 1053–1054
- Landing of, refused by Soviets, 1035–1036, 1036–1037, 1039
- Requests for U.S. aid in transportation of into, 1027–1028; U.S. assistance rendered, 1027–1028, 1037–1039, 1054, 1054–1055
- Chinese Communists:
- Dairen (see also
Ports, infra):
- Landing of Chinese Army in, Communist refusal, 1035–1036
- Sino-Soviet negotiations on, 932, 966–967, 967–969, 970–971
- U.S. proposed landing in, Ambassador Harriman’s views on,
967
- Government of, Chinese Government appointees to economic branch,
1032–1033
- Industries, Soviet stripping of, 1039, 1044–1045, 1050,
1051–1053
- Japanese forces, disarmament and evacuation of. See
Military situation: Japan.
- Mukden, conditions in, 1030–1032
- Ports, Sino-Soviet negotiations regarding (see also
Dairen, supra, and
Port Arthur), 912–913, 922, 927, 933–934, 943–944, 945–946
- Railroads:
- Condition and administration of, after Japanese surrender,
1028–1030
- Sino-Soviet negotiations on control of, 922–923, 927, 932–934, 945
- Soviet pre-war commitment on transfer of, 50, 69
- Soviet Union:
- Demands in 958–959, 1054; U.S. position on, 965–966
- Interest in, 383–384
- Political implications of occupation by, 1025, 1026–1027, 1033–1035
- Sino-Soviet agreement on payment of Soviet troops, 1050–1051
- Withdrawal of troops, discussions regarding, 928, 1030, 1043–1044, 1045–1046, 1048–1050
- United States:
- U.S. Foreign Service Officers, efforts to obtain permission to
travel in Manchuria, 1471–1472, 1472–1473
- Mansfield, Congressman Michael J., 2–26, 162–163, 177–178, 219, 580–582
- Mao Tse-tung, 153, 168–169, 181, 184, 194, 204, 239, 247, 273–278, 310, 311–317, 350, 354–359, 417, 420, 460, 462, 473, 542–543
- Maples, Rear Adm. Houston L., 934
- Marshall, Gen. George C. (see also
Marshall Mission), 601, 662n
, 726, 747–748, 762, 766, 767–769, 794–799, 850, 888, 967, 1198–1200, 1204
- Marshall Mission to China, 745–828
- Appointment of General Marshall, and instructions by President
Truman regarding U.S. policy towards China, 726, 747n
, 770–773
- Directions to Lt. General Wedemeyer in connection with, 760n
, 760–761, 765; instructions to
Embassy in Chungking, 766
- Evaluation of situation in China for use of Marshall Mission:
Economic, 777–785; military, 751–754, 759–760, 786–787; political, 774–777, 786–793
- First conferences in China and meetings with Chiang Kai-shek, 794–799, 814–815; Chou
En-lai, 800–804; Democratic League, 815–824; T. V. Soong, 804–813
- Moscow meeting of Foreign Ministers, possible relation to Mission,
813, 824–825
- Peiping press reaction to, 813
- Preliminary report to President Truman, 825–826
- Problem of the Chinese Communist Party, memorandum by President
Chiang Kai-shek, 786–793
- U.S. policy towards China:
- Course of action proposed by Office of Far Eastern
Affairs, 745–747, 759–760, 763, 769
- Draft statements prepared by State and War Departments and
by General Marshall, and views on, 745–751, 754–767; discussions on, 761–763, 767–769, 770; draft
directive for General Marshall, 763–765, 766–767
- Truman statement of Dec. 15:
- Final text, 770–773
- Letter to heads of certain Government agencies
regarding, 1376–1377
- Publication of, 769
- Views and reactions on: Chiang Kai-shek, 785; Chinese Communists,
793–794; public opinion in
United States, 786
- Matthews, H. Freeman, 117, 619–621
- Mayer, Col. William, 1397
- McCabe, Thomas B., 1156, 1183–1184
- McCarthy, Charles W., 521
- McCloy, John J., 571, 606–607, 884, 1485
- McClure, Maj. Gen. Robert B., 209n
, 210, 544
- McCrea, Rear Adm. John L., 626, 627, 635, 648, 679, 1051–1054
- McGuire, Paul F., 1080n
, 1103–1104
- McMillan, Archibald, 1450–1456
- Megan, Bishop Thomas, 167, 287
- Melby, John E., 624–625
- Merrill, Maj. Gen. Frank, 2, 3, 24
- Meyer, Paul W., 599, 600, 618, 635, 705, 1080–1081, 1402–1404, 1405–1408
- Miles, Rear Adm. Milton Edward, 539, 554n
- Military assistance to China, U.S. (see
also
Lend-Lease; and
Military forces in China):
- Chinese air force personnel, postwar training of, 629, 638
- Manchuria and North China: Chinese efforts to obtain increased
U.S. aid in transfer of troops to after Japanese surrender, 603–605, 611–613, 626–627, 660–661, 666–667, 1027–1028;
U.S. policy on, 565, 606–607, 610, 697–698, 1027–1028, 1037–1039,
1054, 1054–1055
- Military Advisory Group, U.S., to China: Chiang Kai-shek’s request
for 553–554;
discussions on, 546–548, 550–552, 554,
557, 590–598, 614–617
- Provincial leaders, desire for obtaining, 299–300
- U.S. position on, 559–562, 568–569, 583–592
- Military forces in China, U.S.:
- Activities of, 573–574
- Incidents with Chinese Communists, 542–543, 602–603, 607–608, 609, 610–611, 618,
625–626,
634–635,
647–648
- Landings on China coast, discussions of advantages, 135–138;
Chiang Kai-shek on selection of officers for, 144–145, 146; Chinese Communists on, 298–299
- North China, presence of U.S. troops in, and U.S. concern, 577–578, 580–582;
French views on, 688
- Occupation of Chinese cities, reported plans for, 566–567
- Postsurrender directives to, 527–528, 530–531, 621–624, 698–700; General Wedemeyer’s views on, 531–534, 611–613
- Withdrawal of U.S. troops from China (see also
Moscow Meeting), discussions on, 601, 611,
619–621,
639–643,
644–645,
702–704;
General Wedemeyer’s views on, 603–605, 627–628, 635–637, 669–670, 679–684
- Military situation in China:
- Allied command of all forces in China, considerations on, 107–114
- Allied landings on China coast, discussion on advantages of, 135–138;
selection of officers for, 144–145, 146;
Chinese Communists’ views on, 298–299
- Assessment of, 629–634, 650–660, 684–686, 751–754, 759–760, 786–787
- Chinese Army. See
Chinese Army.
- Chinese Communist operations. See
Chinese Communists: Military position, etc.
- Japan (see also
Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers):
- Japanese forces:
- Chinese Government use of, after surrender, 529–530, 567–568, 669
- Disarming and evacuation of, problems regarding,
662–665, 668–669, 670–678, 759–760
- Objectives in Honan, 27–28; in Hunan,
93, 97–98
- Postsurrender situation. See
Chinese Communists: Military position (postsurrender).
- Reports of U.S. Military Attaché, 28, 33–54, 35, 37, 44, 48, 56–57, 67–68, 69–71, 73–74, 88, 91–92, 98–99, 100–101, 104–105, 106–107, 115, 117–118, 120–122, 125,
130–131,
139, 145–146
- Moffat, Abbot Lon, 138
- Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, 329n
, 447, 829–848
passim, 851n
, 942
- Mongolia:
- Inner and Outer Mongolia, reports of Inner Mongolian desire for
unification, 267–268, 390–391, 400–401
- Mongolian People’s Republic; Plebiscite in, 479–480; policies of, 150–152
- Sino-Soviet negotiation on, 911–912, 914–915, 916,
917, 919, 920–921, 926–927
- Soviet views on, 284–285
- Yalta Agreement, interpretation in regard to, 935–942
- Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 102n
899n
, 1055, 1057–1058, 1081–1083, 1087, 1089–1091, 1096–1097, 1102–1104, 1108, 1120–1121, 1136–1137, 1157–1158, 1166–1173, 1177–1178, 1182–1183, 1188–1189
- Morse, Huntington T., 41–43, 608–609
- Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers (Dec.
16–26), discussions regarding withdrawal of Soviet and American
troops from China, 824–825, 829–850
- Mountbatten, Adm. Lord Louis, 15–16, 24, 330, 543
- Mukden, 572–573,
1030–1032
- Myers, Myrl S., 692–694, 1414–1415, 1416–1417, 1418–1421
- National Assembly:
- Chiang Kai-shek’s call for convocation of, 153, 254–258; British views on, 258–259;
Chinese 259, 402–403; Chinese Communists,
265–266,
268–269,
272–273;
United States, 260
- Convocation of, 399–400
- Participation in: Chinese Communists, 315–316; Democratic League,
293
- National Foreign Trade Council, 1206–1207, 1208n
, 1209, 1220, 1227, 1250
- Naval mission to China, U.S., Chinese request for (see
also
Military assistance to China), 538–539
- Naval vessels, U.S., Chinese requests for 41–43, 598–599, 702; allocation of, discussions, 71–72, 704; purchase of, from U.S., discussions on
arrangements for, 608–609, 643–644, 667, 689–690
- Nelson, Donald M., 12n
, 13, 15, 31, 851n
, 874, 1425n
- Nelson mission to China, 1067n
, 1340n
, 1355, 1428–1431
- Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 46–47, 1466, 1467
- Okano, Susumu (Sanzo Nosaka), 360, 385n
, 931
- Olmsted, Gen. George H., 45, 1098, 1428n
, 1487
- “Open Door” policy. See
Sino-Soviet Treaty.
- Outer Mongolia. See
Mongolia
and
Sinkiang.
- Pai Chung-hsi, General, 183, 295
- P’an Wen-hua, 179, 180, 182
- Pang Ping-hsün, General, 80, 129
- Patent law, 1240–1241
- Patterson, Robert P., 538, 607, 646–647, 670–678, 684–686
- Pauley, Edwin W., 149, 959n
, 1044–1045,
1050
- Paxton, John Hall, 1392n
, 1459n
- Pearson, Dren, 419, 727
- Peiping area, postsurrender situation in, 689,
694, 697
- Pei Tsu-yee, 1085, 1137–1139, 1166, 1171, 1435
- Peng Teh-huai, General, 247
- Penneld, James K., 769
- People’s Political Council, Fourth: Communist participation
in, 486–488;
membership of, 350; reforms advocated by, 187–189; resolutions
adopted, 437–439
- Perevertailo, A. S., 488–489
- Perkins, Troy L., 187–190
- Petroleum industry in China, 1357–1359, 1361–1362, 1425–1426, 1427
- Petrov, Apollon Aleksandrovich, 120n
, 377n
, 861, 942,
1000, 1466n
- Pick, Gen. Lewis A., 2, 3, 49
- Po Ku (Chin Pang-hsien), 285n
, 360, 373
- Political situation in China (see
also
Kuomintang; and
Kuomintang-Communist relations):
- Coalition government, proposals for: Democratic League’s efforts
toward formation of, 182–184; Chinese editorial reaction to, 198; Mao Tse-tung’s views on, and
comments by U.S. officials, 362–365, 365–367, 371–373; Nationalist position on, 236–237
- Chinese Communist views on, 368–371
- Government reforms advocated by various groups, 186–190, 396–397
- Liberals, criticism of the government by, 476–479
- Nationalist views on, 870–876
- Political groups and coalitions in China, 159–162, 334–338
- Separatist movements, and efforts to get U.S. aid by, 178–180, 199–200, 241–242, 304, 325–326, 334
- U.S. discussions on, 253–254, 260–262; position on, 162–163, 169–172, 177–178, 774–777, 786–793
- Poole, DeWitt C., 870–876
- Port Arthur (see also
Manchuria: Ports), 907, 913, 918, 922, 925
- Postwar economic reconstruction, U.S. interest in Chinese
Government’s plans and policies for (see also
Locke Mission; Marshall
Mission; and
Trade interest, 1332–1379
- Chinese postwar economic policy: Commercial policy, 1337; foreign investment, 1337–1338;
official statement of and comments by various Chinese Government
officials on, 1141–1143, 1332–1336, 1338–1342,
1348–1351
- Cotton industry, problems and planning, 1346–1347
- Industrial reconstruction, summary of resolution adopted by 6th
Kuomintang Congress, 1343–1346
- Mao Tse-tung’s views on, 273–278
- Petroleum industry, discussions on rehabiltiation of, 1357–1359,
1361–1362
- President Truman–Madame Chiang Kai-shek conversations on, 540–542
- Supreme Economic Council, establishment and functions of, 1359–1360,
1362–1363
- UNRRA activities in China, 1341
- U.S. subsidy of, Chinese expectations and U.S. intentions, 1351–1352
- Potsdam Declaration of July 26, 492, 514, 631n
, 745, 771
- President’s War Powers Act, 1941–1942, 591
- Press: Efforts of correspondents to obtain U.S. permission to travel in
China, 142–143, 147–148; U.S.
objections to Chinese Government’s exclusion of, 1476–1482
- Price, Frank, 392–395
- Pridi Panomyong, 122n
- Protection of American lives and property in China, 1388–1424
- Aid and advice to Americans desiring to remain in, or return to
China, 1397–1398, 1411–1412
- Evacuation and repatriation of civilian internees and other
American nationals, 1–2, 30, 89, 1391, 1393, 1396–1397, 1422
- Hankow area, situation in, 1402
- Methodist missions, situation of, 1408, 1413
- Public companies, American owned: British interest in developments
regarding, 1389–1390; Chinese Government position on, and proposals for
postwar operation, 1390, 1399–1401;
problems of after liberation, and U.S. efforts to remedy situation,
1388–1389, 1394–1396, 1408–1411
- Shanghai, situation in, 1256–1257, 1391–1392, 1412–1413,
1417–1418
- Tientsin, U.S. efforts to obtain compensation on behalf of
American business in, and local Chinese attitude, 1402–1408,
1414–1417, 1418–1422, 1423
- U.S. diplomatic and consular offices: Protection of, 1413–1414;
staff shortages and resulting problems, 1392–1393, 1393–1394,
1397
- War booty, U.S. and Chinese views on definition of, 1423–1424
- Puppet forces: Arrest of in Peking, 696;
Chinese Government efforts to obtain allegiance of, 128–129; in Inner Mongolia, 400–401; in North
China, 79–80
- Quo Tai-chi, 187–189
- Reams, R. Borden, 1102
- Remer, Charles F., 80, 83–84, 1110–1113, 1339–1340
- Reverse lend-lease agreement, question of negotiations for,
1078–1079,
1098, 1105,
1106–1107.
- Rice, Edward E., 27–28, 128–129, 164–168, 267–268, 287, 390–391, 397–398, 400–401, 429–430
- Ringwalt, Arthur R., 191n
, 406–408,
409, 740, 1392n
- Robertson, Walter S., 408n
, 545, 784–785, 1113, 1214n
, 1224, 1233, 1353n
, 1428n
, 1466n
- Rockey, Maj. Gen. Keller E., 634, 669
- Roosevelt, Franklin D., 107–108, 109, 110, 111, 266–267, 283–284, 305n
, 529, 556,
947, 1083, 1300, 1301
- Sansom, Sir George, 1389
- Sellett, George, 1233, 1238
- Service, John S., 45, 52–55, 216–218, 272–273, 279–285, 287–289, 290–298, 300–304, 310–311, 351–352, 353n
, 358, 371–373, 403–405, 565–566, 726, 728–729, 735–738, 740, 743, 861
- Service, Richard M., 74, 178–180, 182–184, 299–300, 325
- Seymour, Sir Horace J., 96, 485, 505–506, 997
- Shanghai:
- Economic and financial post-surrender situation in, 690–691, 1149–1151,
1162–1164, 1179–1182, 1184–1185
- International Settlement in, 1380–1387
- “Open city”, Chinese efforts to declare, and U.S. position on,
52–55,
72, 89–90, 92, 124–125
- Political and military post-surrender situation in, 537–538, 539–540, 542, 543,
546, 648–650
- U.S. consular offices in, reopening of, 1457–1459, 1460–1461,
1463–1464
- Shanghai Power Company, 1247, 1394, 1395, 1401, 1408–1411
- Shanghai Telephone Company, 1247, 1388, 1394–1395, 1400, 1401, 1408–1411
- Shao Li-tse, 463, 490
- Shell Company of China, 782, 1362
- Sheng Chen-wei (Robert C. W. Sheng), 1225,
1230, 1234
- Sheng Shih-tsai, General, 414, 986, 988–990
- Shepley, James R., 774–777, 827–828
- Shipping in China. See
Naval vessels.
- Sian, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
- Sinkiang Province, revolts and unrest in, and efforts to
bring about a settlement of issues, 985–1025
[Page 1503]
- Chinese Government, personnel changes in, 995, 1000, 1004–1005
- Chinese population evacuation of, reports, 1011–1012
- Ining uprising, 987–988, 994,
1006
- Military situation in, 985–986, 992, 994,
997, 998, 1000–1001, 1002–1003, 1007–1009, 1011–1012,
1014–1015
- Political situation in, 990–992, 1003–1004, 1010–1011,
1018–1022
- Settlement of issues, efforts to reach: Chinese negotiations with
local officials and rebels, 1012, 1016–1018,
1022–1025; Sino-Soviet talks, 1001–1002, 1009–1010,
1013–1014
- Soviet attitude, 987–990, 992–993, 995–997, 999,
1001, 1003, 1012–1013
- Tihwa, dangerous situation of Consuls at, 997–998
- U.S. position, 986–987, 993–994, 998,
1015
- Sino-Soviet relations (see
Manchuria, Sinkiang
Province, and
Sino-Soviet treaty), 851–1054
- Sino-Soviet Treaty of Aug. 14, 1945,
U.S. interest in negotiations of (see also
Manchuria
and
Mongolia, 851–985
- Cited, 511n
, 630, 725, 745, 771, 1009,
1027, 1353, 1458
- Discussions and arrangements, preliminary, between U.S. officials
and T. V. Soong, 851–852, 853–856, 857–858, 891–892, 894–896, 907–908; speculations on success of treaty
negotiations, 856, 857
- Draft agreements, Soviet, 921–924; Chinese reaction to, 923–924;
final agreements reached, 971–974, 976–977, 978,
982–984
- Negotiations:
- Conversations in Moscow, report on, 910–914, 920–921, 926–928, 932–934; agreement on
certain points, 944–946; Moscow publicity on, 942; return of Soong to Chungking
for instructions, 933–934
- Resumption of negotiations, and new Soviet demands, 952–953, 954–955, 958–959; Chinese
concessions, and Chiang Kai-shek’s position, 917, 948–949, 957–958, 966–967
- Open Door policy, U.S. efforts to obtain affirmation
of, 950–952,
954, 955–956, 960–965, 972–973, 974, 978–981, 981–982, 984–985
- U.S. interest in (see also
Open Door policy
supra, and
Yalta Agreement, infra), 853–855, 908–910, 919–920, 924–926, 940–948, 950,
953–954,
965–966,
969–976,
981
- Signature, and reports regarding, 971–974, 970–978
- Yalta Agreement, relation to, 865–870, 893–894, 896–901, 903–907, 914–915, 924, 926,
934–942,
943–948,
950, 953–954, 956–957, 960–961, 975, 970–977, 980
- Smith, Horace H., 988–990
- Smyth, Robert L., 95n
, 391, 398,
401, 400–408, 409, 480–487, 490, 1391, 1424
- Snon, Edgar, 313, 1482
- Soong, T. V.
- Conversations with Congressman Michael Mansfield, 15; General Marshall, 804–813
- Delegate to United Nations Conference on International
Organization, 65
- Estimate of, 161–162, 441–444, 1125–1128
- Exchange of messages with: James Byrnes, 503; William Clayton, 1085–1087, 1219, 1315–1316; Leo Crowley, 1133–1134;
James Forrestal, 539; Ambassador Hurley,
908; Henry Morgenthau, Jr., 1085–1086;
E. R. Stettinius, Jr., 1072–1073
- Financial situation in China:
- Inflation and inflation-control measures, discussions of,
1058, 1072–1078, 1083–1087, 1117–1118, 1137–1139; views of U.S. officials on, 1080–1081, 1158–1159;
- Loan negotiations, 1119–1120
- Requests for U.S. aid, and discussions on, 65–66,
101–103, 126, 1072, 1136, 1158–1159, 1169
- Military U.S. aid, conversation with President Truman on, 551–552
- President of Executive Yuan, appointment of, 398
- Sino-Soviet Treaty of Aug. 14, 1945, role
in. See
Sino-Soviet Treaty.
- Yalta Agreement, consultation with U.S. officials on, 66–67, 894, 895,
898–903
- Soviet Union (see also
Manchuria; Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers;
Sinkiang; and
Sino-Soviet Treaty):
- Chinese Communists, relations with, 240, 279–283, 287,
301–304,
465
- Chinese Government, relations with: Causes of conflict in North
China, summary, 858–860; Chinese press on, 861–863;
major issues in, 155, 860–863;
Soviet attitude toward, 309–310, 345–348, 388,
488–489
- Entry into war in the Pacific:
- Hurley conversation with Stalin on common policy toward China, and
comment of various officials on his report of, 308–309, 323–325, 333, 338–345
- Policy in China and the Far East, estimate by U.S. officials, 279–283, 343–344, 648–650, 702–704, 721, 863–865, 928–932
- Press reports and comments on Chinese events, 131, 142,
151
- U.S. relations with, as affected by the Chinese situation, 305–306
- U.S. troops in China, Soviet views on (see
also
Moscow Meeting), 702–704
- Sprouse, Philip D., 241–242, 470–472, 476–479, 815, 826–827
- Stalin, Marshal or Generalissimo Iosif Vissarionovich, 156, 339–340, 342, 343, 448, 454, 848–850, 888–891, 942, 960–965, 978–979, 981
- Standard Vacuum Oil Company, 782, 1357, 1361
- Stanton, Edwin F., 348–350, 1217
- Stanton, William T., 32, 1058–1059, 1062–1063, 1093–1095, 1115
- Stein, Guenther, 356n
, 357n
, 358n
- Stettinius, E. R., Jr., 154, 278
- Stevens, Harry E., 446–447, 462–463, 567–568, 575–576, 667, 689, 696–697, 720, 785, 813, 1420n
, 1422
- Stilwell, Lt. Gen. Joseph W., 3n
, 14, 419, 735–736
- Stimson, Henry L., 876–878, 943–944
- Stratemeyer, Gen. George E., 16n
, 24, 573–574
- Straus, Michael W., 1441–1442
- Sturgeon, Leo D., 1467n
, 1468–1469
- Sulzberger, C. L., 270, 292
- Sumner, John D., 32n
, 351, 353–361, 410–411, 1062n
, 1136, 1348–1351
- Sun Fo, 11, 65, 89, 182, 187–189, 236–237, 328–329, 354, 396, 415, 1223–1225, 1233, 1235, 1241–1242, 1247, 1257, 1335–1336
- Sun Kung-tu C., 1319n
- Sun Li-jen, Gen., 5
- Sun Lien-chung, Gen., 128, 129, 579
- Sun Yat-sen, 29, 193, 195, 862, 1333
- Sun Yat-sen, Madame, 17, 187–189
- Suzuki, Adm. Kantaro, 92
- Szechwan: Famine in, reports, 72, 74; U.S. Consulate in, 1459
- Tai Li, Gen., 46, 161n
- Taiwan, See
Formosa.
- Technical U.S. assistance for China, arrangements for, 1425–1449
- Agricultural mission to China and agricultural collaboration
agreement, discussions on, 1436–1438, 1438–1441, 1444, 1446–1447, 1448–1449
- Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese: Naming of U.S. Agricultural
Attaché honorary adviser to, and State Department views on, 1433, 1434;
transfer of to Nanking, 1447
- Soil conservation expert W. C. Lowdermilk, discussions on sending
of to China, 1433–1434, 1443,
1447
- Culture center in Shanghai, establishment of, 1445–1446
- Locke Mission. See
Locke Mission.
- Nelson Mission, 1067n
, 1340n
, 1355, 1428–1441
- Petroleum industry, 1425–1426, 1427
- War Production Board, Chinese, 1428–1431
- Yangtze Gorge hydroelectric power project,
discussions on preparation of engineering reports for, 1426, 1427–1428, 1431–1432,
1434–1435, 1438, 1441–1442,
1444–1445
- Teh Wang, 267
- Teng Ying-ch’ao (Madame Chou En-lai), 350,
487
- Texas Company (China) Ltd., 782
- Thackrey, T. O., 1476
- Thailand-Chinese border clashes, 122–123, 134, 138
- Thorp, Willard L., 1186n
, 1442
- Tientsin: Political situation in, 599, 600, 618, 692–694, 705; protection of American companies in, 1402–1408, 1414–1417, 1418–1422, 1423
- Tihwa, U.S. Consulate in, 1459
- Tonseth, Capt. Thomas H., 1037–1039
- Trade interests, U.S., promotion of in China (see also
Commercial treaty), 1352–1354, 1355–1357, 1360–1361, 1379
- Transportation, Chinese request for trucks to relieve shortage in, and
U.S. compliance with, 1075, 1079–1080, 1100
- Treaties, conventions, etc. (see also
under
Chinese Government):
- Anglo-American Agreement (1941), 941
- Bern Convention (1931), 1296
- Commercial treaty between the United States and Great Britain (1815), 1302,
1306
- Convention and protocol on double taxation between United States
and Canada (1942), 1297
- Hague Regulations on Land Warfare (1901),
1423
- Inter-American Coffee Agreement (1940),
1303
- International Monetary Agreement (1944), 779n
, 1083, 1285, 1307
- Mutual Aid Agreement between United States and U.S.S.R. (1942), 1301
- Nine Power Treaty of 1922, 915, 937
- Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty of 1905 (Treaty
of Portsmouth), 864, 865, 939
- Soviet-Czech Agreement of 1944, 928
- Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact (1939),
370, 787
- Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941),
92, 370,
862, 936
- Soviet-Mongolian Mutual Assistance Pact (1936), 936
- Trade agreements between United States and Argentina (1941), 1301,
1303, 1305, 1307; Canada (1935), 1308;
Mexico (1942), 1301, 1303, 1304, 1305,
1307, 1308; United Kingdom (1897), 1301
- Treaty between United States and Argentina (1853), 1299; Japan (1911), 1295;
Peru (1887), 1293
- Tripartite Treaty of Kiakhta (1915), 935
- Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation with China, preliminary
discussions regarding negotiation of. See
Commercial Treaty, etc.
- Trial of an American citizen by Chinese court, U.S.
dissatisfaction with results, 1450–1456
- Truman, Harry S.:
- Conversation with T. V. Soong, 101–103, 551–552, 901–903
- Correspondence with Chiang Kai-shek, 120, 126–127, 143–144, 495–496, 509,
511, 557, 569, 582–583, 638, 698,
950, 1132–1133, 1354–1355
- Directives and instructions to General Marshall, 764–765, 767–769, 770–773, 1376–1377;
General MacArthur (General Order No. 1), 530–531
- Messages to: Harry L. Hopkins, 891;
Patrick J. Hurley, 868–869; George C. Marshall, 773; Iosif V. Stalin, 904
- Statements on:
- Tsai Ting-kai, Gen., 159, 199, 295
- Tso Shun-sheng, 350, 417, 424
- Tsou Lu, 239
- Tsur, Y. T. (Chou Yi-chun), 1433n
, 1436n
- Tu Li-min, Gen., 471, 700, 1038, 1051–1052
- Tung Pi-wu, 307, 310, 332, 350, 399–400–488, 800
- Turner, William T., 568–569
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See
Soviet Union.
- United Kingdom (see also
Hong Kong):
- Attitude on the future of China, and U.S. efforts to unify, 35–36, 218–219, 258–259, 294
- Chinese postwar policy on overseas Chinese, views on, 135
- London conversations between Hurley, Churchill and Eden on policy
toward China, 269, 329–332
- Postwar U.S. policy toward China and Japan, interest in
consultations on, 95–96
- United Nations Charter, 724
- United Nations Conference on International Organization,
Chinese delegation to, and question of Communist representation, 65, 234–236, 237–238, 239–240, 268–269, 278–279, 283–284, 298, 307–308
- United Nations Declaration of Jan. 1, 1942, 1301
- United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference. See
Treaties, etc.: International
Monetary Agreement. United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration (UNRRA), 45–46, 287, 778, 782–783, 1341, 1470
- United States:
- Armed forces in China. See
Military forces in China.
- Army observer section in Yenan, 287–289, 353n
, 355n
, 356n
, 358n
, 360, 736–737, 793–794
- Civilian agencies in China, coordination of economic activities
of, 30–31,
31–33,
45–46,
80–84
- Diplomatic and consular offices in China (see also under
Manchuria
and
Shanghai):
- Embassy in Chungking, question of transfer to Nanking,
1457–1458, 1463–1464
- Liberated areas, reopening of, 1457–1475;
protection of, 1413–1414
- Radio facilities, inadequacy of in China, and U.S. request
to Chinese Government regarding, 1465, 1469–1470, 1472, 1473–1475
- Staff shortages in, 197–198, 1392–1393, 1393–1394, 1397
- Objectives and policies with regard to China (see also
Marshall Mission), 31, 34, 37–39, 74–79, 93–95, 116–117, 216–218, 249–253, 262–264, 535–537, 646–647, 688, 878–887, 892
- War Shipping Administration, 41–43, 608–609, 643–644
- Vincent, John C., 35–39, 71–72,
123, 153, 158–159, 186–187, 247–249, 270–272, 323–325, 328, 482, 550–551, 566–567, 570–571, 580–581, 614–617, 639–643, 740–742, 745–747, 759–760, 763, 853–855, 857, 1064–1065
- Vinson, Fred M., 1116n
- Votaw, Maurice, 353n
, 358n
- Vyshinsky, Andrey Yanuaryevich, 523n
, 984
- Walker, Melville H., 1233n
, 1238
- Wallace, Henry A., 274, 555, 736n
, 852
- Wang Chung-hui, 1217, 1316
- Wang Jo-fei, Gen., 420–428, 457–459, 463, 474, 488
- Wang Ping-nan, 409, 474, 481, 482, 485, 487–488, 1036
- Wang, S. C., 667, 1426
- Wang Shih-chieh, 174, 185n
, 193, 195–196, 223, 226, 233–234, 307, 430, 438, 462, 463, 952–953, 1035, 1039, 1046–1047, 1466
- Wang Shou-chin, 1146, 1160–1161
- Wang Yun-wu, 416, 424, 428
- War crimes, Chinese investigation of, 96–97
- War Production Board, Chinese (see also
Nelson mission), 1428–1431
- Ward, Bishop Ralph A., 1408
- Ward, Robert S., 985–1025
passim
- Watson, Adam, 447–448
- Watson, Mark, 135, 142
- Wedemeyer, Gen. Albert C., 6n
, 7, 15, 22, 44, 134, 232–233, 270–272, 378, 393, 482, 516, 543, 547, 566–567, 736, 1061, 1191–1192, 1484;
messages to General Eisenhower, 650–660, 662–665, 669–670, 679–684; messages to General Marshall, 531–534, 603–605, 611–613, 627–628, 635–637, 751–754
- Wei Tao-ming, 41–42,
831n
, 870, 876,
1043, 1047–1048, 1055–1056, 1109–1110, 1114–1115, 1146–1147, 1473n
- Welles, Sumner, 418
- White, C. Thayer, 1319, 1322
- Willauer, Whiting, 1058n
- Willoughby, Woodbury, 1314, 1321, 1322
- Wilson, Robert R., 1319n
, 1320, 1323
- Winant, John G., 500n
, 956
- Withdrawal of Soviet and American troops from China. See
Moscow Meeting of Foreign Ministers; Manchuria; and
Military forces in China.
- Wong Wen-hao, 410, 1235, 1338–1339, 1348–1351, 1360, 1361, 1425, 1430
- Woodard, Granville O., 1319, 1320
- Wu Chung-hsin, 988, 995, 1000, 1005
- Wu, John C. H., 396, 1317–1318
- Wu, K. C., 89n
, 97, 131–134, 298, 468–469, 473, 482–485, 500–501, 503, 856–857, 1337, 1390, 1482, 1483
- Wu Nan-ju, 50, 69
- Wu Shang-ying, 1225, 1230, 1234
- Wu Teh-chen, 89, 379
- Yalta Agreement (1945), 66–67, 865–870, 893–894, 895, 896–901, 903–907, 914–915, 924, 926; U.S., 934–942, 943–948, 950, 953–954, 956–957, 960–961, 975, 976–977, 980
- Yang Chieh, Gen., 187–189
- Yangtze Gorge hydroelectric project. See under
Technical U.S. assistance.
- Yeaton, Col. Ivan D., 793–794
- Yeh Chien-ying, Gen., 483, 487, 800
- Yen Hsi-shan, Gen., 182, 293–294, 568
- Yen, W. W., 89
- Young, Arthur N., 138, 858–860, 1064–1065, 1355
- Yu Han-mou, Gen., 159, 160, 182
- Yui, O. K., 1057, 1097, 1099, 1118, 1174
- Yuni, William E., 33, 191n
- Yunnan, 393–394;
postwar political and military situation in, 470–472