Foreign Relations of the United States Diplomatic Papers,
1937, The Far East, Volume III
Index
- Abyssinia. See
Ethiopia.
- Agreements. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Airplanes. See
Undeclared war: Armaments.
- Aleutian Islands, 962, 974
- American Aviation Co., 671–672
- American Emergency Committee in Shanghai, 351,
470
- American Oil Co., 856
- Amur River islands, question of, 920–928
passim, 937–938
- Anti-Comintern pacts: Rome–Berlin Axis, 613, 615, 670, 671, 677, 747; Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis,
663, 676–677, 788, 789; German-Japanese agreement (1936), 6, 7,
25, 41, 65, 84, 101, 346, 481, 489, 563, 668–671
- Armaments (see also under
Undeclared war), Limitation question, 75–76, 963, 977–978, 981–982
- Asiatic Petroleum Co., 855
- Australia, 955, 978, 979, 980, 988
- Austria, 175
- Aviation. See under
China; Sino-Japanese
dispute; Undeclared war.
- Ayukawa, Gisuke, 934, 938
- Banque de l’Indo-Chine, 860, 861
- Belgium, 488–489,
609, 616
- Berlin–Rome (–Tokyo) Axis. See
Anti-Comintern pacts: Rome–Berlin.
- Boxer Indemnity funds, 45
- Boxer Protocol (1901), 132–133, 168, 200, 202, 232–233, 252, 433, 817, 839
- British-American Tobacco Co., 335
- British Imperial Conference (May 14), 979, 983–990
passim
- Brussels Conference (Nov. 3–24),
convened under art. 7 of Nine Power Treaty of 1922:
Arms shipments through Indo-China, question of, 623, 630, 635, 637–638, 672–673; Chinese attitude toward, 679–680, 769, 777, 797; miscellaneous, 650, 676, 677, 690, 698, 751, 752, 777, 791; proposals
for, 609, 610, 613, 614; resolutions
and declarations, 689, 693, 695, 796, 797; U. S. position in regard
to, 630, 635, 637, 639, 641, 692–696, 707
- Cavite Radio Station, 303–304
- Censorship: Japanese, at Peiping, 463, 644; Japanese, at Tientsin, 210, 216, 284, 511; Chinese censorship in
Shanghai, suppression of, 704, 707, 729
- Central Bank of China, 871, 873, 901
- Chiang Kai-shek:
- Addresses and policy statements, 121–122, 207, 248,
259, 268, 269, 277, 279, 298–299, 311, 397–398, 503–504, 726
- Communists, position toward, 10–11, 18, 19, 24, 25, 70, 91, 540, 753
- Forcible detention in Sian and release, 10, 12, 15, 18, 19, 24, 90–91, 101–102, 108
- Japan and, 33, 216–218, 298–299, 327, 651,
695, 696
- Peace negotiations, attitude toward, 232, 349, 368, 369,
384–385,
474, 694, 748–749, 766–767
- Position of, and Chinese internal situation, 15, 46, 61, 62, 88–89, 207, 269, 288–289, 479, 731,
734, 766–767, 818
- United States, statements and appeals with respect
to aid from, 36–37, 44, 256–258, 460–461, 471, 504,
588, 594, 610, 832–833
- War operations, attitude toward, 138,
187, 300, 311, 360, 406, 408–409, 414, 784
- Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 19, 46, 89, 90, 91, 503, 517, 726, 842, 847
- Chile, 955
- China (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute; Undeclared war):
- Anti-Japanese activities. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- Armaments. See under
Undeclared war.
- Aviation: Air service between China and Japan, 30, 113–114, 129;
cooperative air services, possible Japanese demand for, 628
- Cabinet changes. See under
National Government, infra.
- Chiang Kai-shek. See
Chiang Kai-shek.
- Chou En-lai, 25, 70, 79, 91, 108, 377
- Communists, Chinese:
- Army, Communist: Amalgamation with National Government
army, 25, 29, 64, 107, 126, 522, 549, 655; fight with Japanese, 558
- Chiang Kai-shek’s attitude toward, 10–11, 18–20,
24, 25, 79, 91, 540, 753
- Japanese opposition to and demands for suppression, 136, 156, 176, 244, 250, 257, 279, 349, 546
- National Government, relations with, 10–18, 27–29,
79–80, 89, 91–93,
107, 377, 434, 446, 479, 493, 538–540, 548–549, 818, 822, 837–838
- Soviet Union, relations with and influence on, 21, 22,
59, 63, 64, 80, 91–93, 108, 109, 192–193, 485, 540, 827–828
- Cotton-wheat credit of 1933, 903
- Customs problems, 848–915
- Foreign loan and indemnity quotas, 858–861, 893, 896, 898, 900, 902, 908
- Foreign powers’ steps to preserve integrity of Chinese
Customs: Anglo-American consultations, 724, 862, 865, 866, 867, 872–873, 880, 881, 883–884, 886, 890, 897, 901, 910; proposals, 860–861, 862, 864–873
passim, 883; representations to China, 862, 863–864, 867–868, 870–871, 873, 905, 908–909; representations to Japan, 861–862, 865, 866, 867, 870, 874, 876, 880, 881, 883–887
passim, 889–890, 891, 896, 897, 910, 911, 912; U. S.
views, 900, 902, 911–912
- Japan: Assurance of protection of foreign interests, 888, 889, 893, 899, 900, 902, 908; preferential treatment, 892, 893, 895, 899–900, 910; proposals,
858–859, 861, 863, 864, 868–878
passim, 893, 898, 901, 902
- North China Puppet regime, 904–908
- Salt revenues, 858, 861–863, 865–899
passim
- Sino-Japanese negotiations and question of consultation of
interested foreign powers, 882,
884, 886–888, 890–898
passim, 903, 912–913
- Tariff questions, 30, 617, 628, 854, 892, 893, 895, 899, 900, 902, 909
- Economic and financial matters (see also
Customs, supra):
- Foreign loans, 102–103, 338, 518, 616, 769, 815, 903, 985
- General situation, 28–29, 45,
68, 111–112, 133–134, 168, 849, 894, 902, 975, 976
- Missions: American economic mission, unofficial, 45; Japanese unofficial mission,
30, 46–47, 55, 56,
58–59, 98; Leith-Ross
mission, 45, 65, 102
- Monopolies, 47, 83
- Reconstruction and development: American economic mission,
unofficial, 45; British attitude,
45, 102, 975, 976; Japanese attitude, 5, 30,
46–47, 67, 74, 99,
975, 976
- Smuggling. See
Smuggling.
- War, financing of, 461
- Extraterritorial rights, question of, 68, 103, 108, 655,
970
- Foreign interests in: Conflict of Anglo–Japanese, 8, 66, 67, 74, 103–104, 115, 346;
damage inflicted by smuggling, 849, 850, 852–857
passim; question of Japanese respect for,
165, 332
- Foreign policy, 28, 35–36, 108–109, 216–218
- France, relations with. See under
France.
- Germany, relations with. See under
Germany.
- Italy, relations with: Armament supplies, 558, 616; general, 670, 750,
789, 947
- Japan, relations with. See under
Japan.
- Kidnapping of Europeans, 500, 508
- League of Nations, question of appeal to, 205, 289, 477, 532
- Leased territories, question of, 466
- “Manchoukuo,” relations with. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: “Manchoukuo”.
- Mao Tse-tung, 79, 376, 479, 734
- Narcotic drugs, monopolizing of illicit traffic in, 47
- National Government:
- Cabinet changes, 29, 32–33,
35, 77, 377, 479, 541, 822
- Communists, Chinese, relations with. See
under
Communists, Chinese, supra.
- Kuomintang: Manifesto, 27–29; Third Plenary Session, 26–29,
31, 216
- Possible changes to meet Soviet desires, 734
- Puppet regime in North China, attitude toward, 788, 803, 811, 820
- Transfer to interior, 680–683, 686–687, 694–695, 696, 701–706, 715, 723, 734, 771–772, 813–814, 820
- War Council, 377, 479
- National unity, 41, 70, 87–91, 97, 98, 112, 125, 196,
216, 434, 983
- “Open door” policy, 41, 50, 930–933, 948,
949
- Pacific islands possessions, 955
- Political internal situation, analyses of, 28–29, 80, 81, 87–89, 111, 112, 216–217, 250, 487,
659, 694, 695, 696, 766–767, 773,
832
- Puppet regime in North China. See under
Undeclared war: North
China.
- Railways:
- Bombing of. See under
Undeclared war: Bombing.
- Construction, 112, 566
- Peiping–Liaoning Railway, 855,
856
- Peiping–Mukden Railway, 188
- Shihkiachwang–Tientsin, 23,
73, 94, 111, 120, 349
- Tientsin–Peiping, 191, 261–262, 338
- Tientsin–Pukow Railway, 331,
360
- Yunnan–Tonkin Railway, 623,
629, 637, 672
- Sian: Communist situation, 11, 12, 14, 16, 19, 22–23, 24, 522;
liquidation of revolt, 61, 62, 88, 90–91, 112
- Soong, T. V., 19, 89, 171, 734
- Southwestern revolt, liquidation of, 90–91, 112
- Sovereignty and territorial integrity problems, 218, 299,
610, 655, 745, 749
- Soviet Union, relations with. See under
Soviet Union.
- “Spheres of influence” in, 85, 95–96
- Taxation of foreign residents, question of, 108
- Trade relations with Germany, 287,
669, 670; Japan, 899–900; Soviet Union, 125; United Kingdom, 45;
United States, 45, 516, 518, 531–532, 672, 738
- Treaty ports, questions regarding, 628, 858
- United Kingdom, relations with. See under
United Kingdom.
- China Foundation, 313, 314
- Collective security, system of, 692, 697, 979
- Comintern, 39, 41,
80, 92, 192
- Commander (Komandorski) Islands, 955, 966
- Communism (see also
China: Communists,
Chinese), Japanese fear of, 599
- Conferences:
- Brussels Conference. See
Brussels Conference.
- Far Eastern Weather Conference (Jan.
13–21), 304
- Imperial Conference (May 14), 979, 983–990
passim
- Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace (1936), 237, 239
- Conventions. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Customs. See under
China.
- Czechoslovakia, 175, 616
- Denmark, 709
- Disarmament, question of, 963
- du Pont de Nemours, E. I., & Co., 531
- Ethiopia, 8, 615, 626, 788, 831
- Eurasia Aviation Corp., 606
- European situation, effect on Far East, 809,
818–819
- Far Eastern general situation, analyses of (see
also
Pacific non-aggression agreement), 75, 506–508, 526–530, 538–541, 569–571, 575–576, 585–586, 615–616, 786, 959–962, 969–971
- Far Eastern Weather Conference (Jan. 13–21), 304
- Fascism, 613–615,
753
- Federated Malay States, 965
- Formosa, 962, 974
- France:
- China, relations with:
- Armaments: Prohibition of shipments through Indo-China,
question of, 623–624, 629–630, 634–636, 637–638, 640; sales to China, 431, 477, 616
- Loan requested by China, 769
- Foreign policy, 326, 431, 624
- Germany, relations with, 326
- Japan, relations with: Clashes in Tientsin Concession, 324–325;
general, 152, 155, 173, 186, 286,
322; Hainan Island, question of,
523, 549–550, 557, 634,
637; Paracels Reef, question of,
523, 524–525, 634–635, 637
- Neutralization of Pacific islands, possible attitude toward, 960
- Pacific islands possessions, 955
- Pacific non-aggression agreement, attitude toward, 966, 984
- Protection of French nationals and interests, 280, 286,
357
- Shanghai situation, 376, 390, 423,
448
- Sino-Japanese conflict. See under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers
and
Mediation.
- Soviet Union, relations with, 301,
476–477,
818
- United States, relations with, 637
- French Indo-China. See
Indo-China.
- Germany (see also
Anti-Comintern pacts):
- Anglo-American trade agreement, views on, 891
- Brussels Conference, refusal to participate in, 650
- China, relations with: Armament sales to China, 482–483, 626; general, 287, 482–484, 594,
602, 616, 625–626, 640, 650, 677,
788, 812
- European policy, 175
- France, relations with, 326
- Hitler, Adolf, 287, 500, 625
- Japan, relations with: General, 7, 84, 86, 346, 481,
483–484,
489, 502, 548, 593, 625–626, 648–649, 650,
669, 670, 671; German-Japanese
agreement (1936), 6, 7, 25, 41, 65, 84, 101, 346, 481, 489,
563, 668–671
passim
- “Manchoukuo,” recognition of, 788
- Sino-Japanese conflict. See under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers
and
Mediation.
- Soviet Union, relations with, 818
- United Kingdom, relations with, 548,
670
- Good offices. See
Undeclared war: Mediation.
- Hainan Island, question of, 523, 549–550, 557, 634, 637, 955, 966
- Hawaii, 960, 961–962, 964
- Hitler, Adolf, 287, 500, 625
- Hong Kong, 516, 789, 820; armament shipments to
Chinese through, 513, 624, 722, 758, 759; neutralization, question
of, 974, 977
- Hong Kong Banking Corp., 870, 871, 898, 901
- Ho-Umetsu Agreement (1935), 54–55, 99,
185, 196, 199, 221
- Immigration Act of 1924, 1, 57, 584, 615
- Imperial Conference (May 14), 979, 983–990
passim
- Indo-China: Armament supplies to China through, question of,
617, 623–624, 629–630, 634–636, 637–638, 640, 658, 686, 766, 774;
contemplated inclusion in possible Pacific neutralization agreement, 965; protection of, in case of Japanese
reprisals, 667, 672
- Inner Mongolia, 21, 566, 599, 651, 664
- Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace (1936), 237, 239
- International Red Cross Committee, 662
- Ishii mission, 769–770, 800, 808–809
- Italy (see also
Anti-Comintern pacts):
- China, relations with: Armament supplies, 558, 616; general, 650, 750,
789, 947
- Ethiopia, question of, 8, 615, 626,
788, 831
- German-Japanese Accord (1936), adherence
to, 668–671
- Japan, relations with, 7–8, 194, 324, 447,
593, 612–616, 633, 650,
664, 788–789, 795, 944
- “Manchoukuo,” recognition of, 8, 746, 747,
750, 788, 943–944, 946–947
- Mussolini, Benito, 612, 613, 626,
633, 650
- Protection of Italian nationals, 280,
286–287
- Sino-Japanese conflict See under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers
and
Mediation.
- Japan (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute; Undeclared war):
- Australia, relations with, 980
- Cabinet changes, 34, 48, 118, 989, 990
- China, relations with:
- Chiang Kai-shek, 33, 216–218, 298–299, 327, 651, 695, 696
- Customs problems. See under
China.
- Diplomatic relations, question of, 294, 295, 545, 696, 803
- Expansion policy in China (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute: North China: Economic penetration), 2–5, 30, 87,
97, 165, 169, 230, 347, 351, 372, 386, 514, 595, 610, 750, 753, 819
- General, 2–5, 31, 33, 35,
40, 42, 43, 45, 49,
53–55, 66–68, 78,
82, 94, 95, 97–100, 109–110, 117, 120, 180, 221–223, 343, 344, 385–386, 395, 402, 486–487, 803–804, 829–830, 980
- Hirota three-point program, 3,
30, 110, 118, 119, 343
- Japanese conciliatory policy, 50–52, 67, 74,
76, 85, 96–100
- Kuomintang manifesto, 27–28
- Non-aggression pact, possibilities of, 966, 983–984
- Puppet regime in North China, recognition by Japan, 807, 811, 817, 820
- Withdrawal of recognition of National Government
considered, 778
- Diet session of July 23, 342–345
- Economic and financial matters:
- Boycott, question of, 554,
560, 569, 573–575, 582, 587, 591, 601, 806
- Conflict with British interests in China, 8, 66,
67, 74, 103–104, 115, 346
- Economic mission to China, 30,
46–47, 55, 56, 58–59, 98
- Financial questions, 776–777
- Foreign loans, questions regarding, 102, 339, 510, 759–760, 776–777, 785–787
- General economic situation, 85,
101, 345, 497, 518, 533–534, 753, 776–777, 932
- Ishii mission, 769–770, 800, 808–809
- Raw materials, need of access to, 86, 101, 599, 615, 753
- Taxation, 318, 402, 497
- War expenditures, 303, 318, 340, 371–372, 533–534, 984
- Emperor, attitudes and functions of, 326, 712, 758, 809–810, 816
- Expansion needs in Far East, 86, 546, 753,
958, 960, 969
- Fisheries problem with Soviet Union, 21, 343, 563, 587, 949–950
- Foreign policy: General, 1–10, 25, 30, 39–44, 49–52, 84–86, 100–101, 274–275, 343–344; Sato’s statements on, 39–41, 43, 51
- France, relations with. See under
France.
- Germany, relations with. See under
Germany.
- Hirota, Koki (Foreign Minister): Addresses and statements, 109–110, 119, 266,
294, 309, 343–344, 353, 453; position in government, 522; reaction to Anglo-American offers of
good offices, 337, 341, 350, 368, 373;
three-point program, 3, 30, 110, 118, 119,
343
- Imperial Headquarters. See under
Military elements, infra.
- Indo-China, French, threats against, 624, 637, 638, 672
- Internal situation: General, 5, 49–52, 75, 134, 342–345, 402, 527,
793–794;
public opinion trends, 252, 319, 340,
402, 454
- Konoye, Prince, 233, 266, 342–343, 723–724, 989,
990
- League of Nations, position toward, 586–587, 758
- Military elements:
- Conflicting views of military and civil authorities, 50–52,
94, 95, 792, 794
- Imperial Headquarters: Establishment of, 652, 660, 663–664, 675, 712;
consultations with civil government, 764, 810, 813, 829–830
- Interference in North China Puppet regime, 802, 811
- Navy, position of, 723, 759, 778
- Political influence of, 3, 41–42,
49, 50, 74, 152, 168, 351, 402–403, 477, 506, 536, 545, 575, 591, 593, 599, 778, 810, 958, 960, 975, 976, 979
- Soviet Union, attitude toward, 564–565, 567–568
- War objectives and policy in China, 98–99, 176, 214, 252, 294, 296, 298, 326–327, 351, 372, 373, 386, 433–434, 456, 593, 594, 595, 659, 660, 663, 673–674, 722–723, 750, 810, 826, 830, 844
- Netherlands, relations with, 9–10
- Netherlands East Indies, relations with, 9–10, 630
- Neutralization of Pacific islands, question of, 957, 960,
964
- New Zealand, relations with, 980
- Pacific islands possessions, 955, 959
- Philippines, relations with, 992
- Political situation, general, 1–10, 49–52, 75, 342–345
- Reciprocity in treatment of nationals abroad, 101
- Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, 663, 676–677, 788, 789
- Sanctions against, question of, 571
- Sato, Naotake: Appointment as Foreign Minister, 34, 48–49; interviews to foreign correspondents,
82, 84–86; on Sino-Japanese
relations, 42, 43, 50, 51, 104, 105, 118,
119; statements on foreign policy
and commentaries thereon, 40–44, 57, 58, 93, 94, 100–101
- Soviet Union, relations with. See under
Soviet Union.
- Spain, relations with, 789
- Taxation: Increase of income tax, 318;
effect of prolonged war on, 402, 497
- Trade relations (see also
Economic and financial matters, supra):
- Chinese customs, preferential treatment for Japanese
goods, 892, 893, 895, 899–900, 910
- General, 84, 85, 101, 180, 344, 345, 533–534, 546, 615, 759–760
- Netherlands East Indies, negotiations for commercial
treaty with, 9–10
- “Manchoukuo,” preferential status for Japanese in, 930–933
- United Kingdom, 101, 115
- United States, 2, 74–75,
101, 339, 580–581
- United Kingdom, relations with. See under
United Kingdom.
- United States, relations with:
- American aviators enlisting with Chinese, Japanese
reaction to question of, 336–337, 353
- American loans, 760, 776–777
- American protests and representations, 266, 504–505, 535–537, 572–573, 577–578, 581, 607, 632, 646, 698–699, 736, 795, 807, 931, 941
- Analyses, 487, 507–508, 526–529, 574–576, 581, 615, 692–697, 793
- General, 1–2, 41, 266, 425, 469, 522, 523–524, 597, 604, 632, 816, 964, 981
- Japanese immigration, question of, 1, 57, 584, 615
- Non-aggression pact, rumors of, 85, 106–107, 966
- Reaction in Japan to application of Neutrality Act, 438–439; general U.S. policy, 25, 84, 344, 515–516, 521–522, 543, 592–593, 605, 683, 932–933; Roosevelt’s
Chicago speech, 584–586, 633
- Visit by U.S. naval vessels planned, 242–243, 329
- Keelung incident, 9, 64–65
- Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928), 289, 382, 418, 438, 524, 586, 589, 959, 966, 981
- Komandorski (Commander) Islands, 955, 966
- Korea, 191
- League of Nations:
- Advisory Committee, 544–545, 548,
624–625
- Chinese appeal, question of, 205, 289, 477,
532
- Japanese attitude toward, 586–587, 758
- Role in Sino-Japanese crisis, 153,
174, 574, 586–587, 589–590, 593,
597, 598–599, 623
- Loans. See Economic and financial matters under
China
and
Japan.
- Macao, 658
- Mao Tse-tung, 79, 376, 479, 734
- Malay States, Federated, 965
- “Manchoukuo.” See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- Mandates in Pacific islands, 959
- Mexico, 601–602,
955
- Mongolia, 6, 21–22, 52, 55, 70, 519, 564, 566, 599, 607, 610, 650, 651, 664
- Mussolini, Benito, 612, 613, 626, 633, 650
- Narcotic drugs, 47
- National City Bank of New York, 860, 861, 939, 941, 942
- Naval armaments question, 1–2, 963, 977–978, 981–982
- Netherlands, 9–10,
950, 960, 966
- Netherlands East Indies, 9–10, 630
- Neutrality, 288, 309, 481, 483, 526; question of U.S.
proclamation, 735, 736, 740–741
- Neutrality Act, extension of May 1, 183, 238, 301, 336, 337, 424, 437–439, 442, 459, 460, 482, 514, 515–516, 517, 518, 570, 571, 586, 740, 786; Chinese
reaction to, 437–439, 468, 516–517, 552; Japanese reaction to, 438–439
- Neutralization of Pacific islands, agreement considered,
954–965, 968–978
- Comments on, 973–978
- Limitation of fortification rights, question of, 961, 963–965, 976–977
- U.S. initiative, possibility of, 956,
961, 963, 965, 969, 971–972
- New Zealand, 955, 980
- Nine Power Treaty (1922) (see also
Brussels Conference), 1,
153, 189, 205, 257–258, 289, 307, 312, 333–334, 381–382, 418, 438, 459, 503, 582, 586, 589, 619, 714–715, 724, 728, 747, 776, 777–778, 800, 801, 947, 981, 984
- Non-aggression pact. See
Pacific non-aggression agreement.
- North China. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute; Undeclared war.
- Northern Sakhalin, 587, 955, 966
- “Open door” policy, 41, 50, 930–933, 948, 949
- Outer Mongolia, 21–22, 564, 566, 664; Soviet policy in, 70, 519, 610, 650
- Pacific economic conference, possibility of, 986 Pacific islands. See
Neutralization.
- Pacific non-aggression agreement, 978–992
- Lyons proposal at British Imperial Conference, 102, 125,
978–980,
982–984,
988, 989
- Proposals for, 81, 102, 117,
966–967,
976
- U.S. attitude, 984–986, 988–991
-
Panay incident, 798–799, 816, 830, 848
- Paracels Reef, 523, 524–525, 634–635, 637
- Peiping Society for the Protection of the Nation, 916
- Petroleum interests, American, damaged by smuggling, 853, 856–857
- Philippine Islands, 2, 441, 958, 962, 970, 992
- Poland, 7
- Portugal, 613, 614, 658, 955
- Pratas Reef, 523–525
- Recognition. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: “Manchoukuo.”
- Red Cross: American, 571; International Red
Cross Committee, 662
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (President): Chiang Kai-shek, message from, 832–833; Chicago
“Quarantine” speech (Oct. 5), comments on, 584–586, 588, 590, 594, 595–596, 601, 609, 633; Indo-China,
views as to situation in, 667; Japanese Emperor,
comment on message to, 816; Pacific Islands,
views on neutralization of, 973–974
- Roosevelt, Theodore, part taken in Russo-Japanese peace negotiations (1905), 691
- Rome–Berlin (–Tokyo) Axis. See under
Anti-Comintern pacts.
- Sakhalin, Northern, 587, 955, 966
- Securities Act (1933), 786
- Shanghai. See under
Undeclared war.
- Shanghai Banking Corp., 860, 861, 870, 871, 898, 901
- Shanghai Truce Agreement (1932), 114, 116, 122, 126–127, 380, 386, 454.
- Siam, 635, 636
- Siberia, 6, 595
- Singapore, 965
- Sino-Japanese dispute (see also
Undeclared war):
- Anti-Japanese activities and propaganda, 3–4, 100, 108–109, 113,
118, 140, 156, 186, 224, 240, 434;
Chinese Communists, attitude of, 91;
Japanese demands to suppress, 136, 235, 244,
250, 368, 374, 717; “Manchoukuo,” 55, 916–918, 929, 949;
Pakhoi, 53; Shanghai, 27, 704, 705, 709,
717; Swatow, 104, 105–106
- Autonomy movements. See under
North China, infra.
- Aviation, 30, 113–114, 129
- Chinese attitudes and views (see also
Undeclared war: China), 27–29, 81
- Communists, Chinese. See under
China.
- “Cooperation” between China and Japan (see
also
Anti-Japanese activities, supra;
Demands, infra),
85, 96–100; in economic matters,
30, 58–59, 67, 68, 74, 76, 98, 112, 120, 180,
349, 403
- Demands by Japan (see also
under
Undeclared war: Japan), 3, 30, 50, 118–119
- Diplomatic relations between China and Japan, question of, 294, 295,
545, 696, 803, 804
- Expansion policy of Japan. See
Economic penetration
under
North China, infra; and
under
Japan: China,
relations with.
- Japanese statements and views (see also
Undeclared war: Japan), 25, 109–110, 119
- “Manchoukuo:”
- American and other foreign interests, 347, 948, 949, 951, 952, 953
- Anti-Japanese activities, 55,
916–918, 929, 949
- Assumption of Chinese treaty obligations, 937, 938, 941
- China, relations with (see also
Recognition, infra), 2–3, 118,
279, 343, 368, 987
- Chinese population, treatment of, 916, 918
- Customs revenue situation, 908
- Economic and financial matters, 176–177, 934, 938; exchange control law, 929–933, 948, 949, 951, 952; taxation, 950, 952–953; trade
controls, 944–945, 951
- Extraterritorial rights of foreign nations, abolition of,
935–943
passim, 946, 948–951, 953
- Japan, relations with: Japanese position in, 55, 60,
111, 257, 919–920, 929; military situation, 915–916, 917, 929, 949;
preferential economic treatment, 930–931, 933; treaty ending Japanese
extraterritorial rights (Nov. 5),
935, 937, 941
- “Open door” policy, violation of, 948, 949
- Pacific non-aggression pact, proposed, relation to, 980, 987
- Recognition: By China, question of, 55, 121, 176, 188, 329, 617, 627–628, 655, 769, 790–791, 944; by Germany, 788; by Italy, 8, 746,
747, 750, 788, 943–944, 946–947; by Spain, 788, 789, 945; U.S.
representations invalidated by absence of, 946, 950
- South Manchuria Railway Co., 934
- Soviet Union, relations with. See
under
Soviet Union.
- Trade controls, 944–945, 951
- United Kingdom, relations with, 115–116, 936–937, 938–939
- U.S. reservation of rights threatened by consolidation of
Japanese army control, 915–953
- Negotiations (see also
Japan: China,
relations with; Undeclared war:
Mediation
and
Peace negotiations), 3, 30, 50, 66, 78, 80, 81, 118
- North China (see also under
Undeclared war):
- Anti-Japanese propaganda, 113,
155
- Autonomy movements, 23, 176, 303, 308–309; Japanese demands, 188, 338, 617, 628, 651
- Chinese nationalists, policy and influence in, 26, 54,
99, 100, 110, 120, 218, 232, 234, 253, 299–300, 434
- Communism, threat of, 546
- Economic penetration and development by
Japan, 23, 48, 55, 67–68,
82–83, 120, 934
- General situation and analyses, 31, 38, 54–56,
71–73, 99, 110, 184, 232, 257, 371, 391, 396, 417–418, 620
- Hopei–Chahar (Province):
- Agreement of July 11. See
under
Undeclared war.
- East Hopei Autonomous Government, 48, 57, 67, 73, 111, 119, 120, 125, 171, 188, 855; abolition of, 54, 76, 99, 100, 811, 838; Chinese influence in,
26, 128, 268, 360;
smuggling problems, 58,
68, 78, 119, 120, 852
- Peace Maintenance Societies, 448, 606, 656
- Political Council, 26,
192, 205, 230, 361;
abolition of, 448
- Sung Che Yuan, activities of, 23, 110, 128, 129, 192, 199, 201, 203, 219, 235, 254, 258, 282, 298, 299–300, 434, 435–436, 448
- Ho–Umetsu Agreement (1935), 54–55,
99, 185, 196, 199, 221
- Japanese propaganda, 823–824, 826
- Land ownership by Japanese nations, question of, 120
- Mongol state, establishment of, 47–48, 52
- Political control, Japanese efforts to extend, 54–55,
56, 94–95, 99, 117, 119, 127–128, 162, 217, 219, 230, 249, 257, 268, 279, 332, 434, 546, 617
- “Spheres of influence” in, 82–83, 85
- Tangku Truce Agreement (1933), 79, 99,
217
- Smuggling. See
Smuggling.
- United Kingdom, attitude of (see also under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers
and
Mediation), 39,
163–164,
117
- Smuggling:
- American petroleum interests, effect on, 853, 855–857
- Chinese anti-smuggling measures, 854,
855
- Extent of, 850, 852, 853, 854, 855
- Foreign interests damaged by, 849,
850, 852–857
passim
- Japanese activities, 3, 849–852, 853, 854
- Registration of smuggled goods held by Chinese firms, 854, 855
- Representations to Japan by United Kingdom, 850–851; by United States,
851, 853, 854, 856–857
- Sino-Japanese relations, effect on, 58,
67, 78,
119, 120
- South China. See under
Undeclared war.
- South Manchuria Railway Co., 934
- Soviet Union:
- China, relations with (see also
Undeclared war: Armaments: Soviet supplies):
- Assistance to China, 109, 447, 484–485, 553, 711–712, 812, 818, 827–828
- Chiang Kai-shek, liberation from Sian detention, 101–102, 108
- Chinese Communists, relations with and influence on, 21, 22,
59, 63, 64, 80, 91–93, 108, 109, 485, 540, 827–828
- Chinese military mission to, 616, 639–640
- Loan to China, 616
- Sino-Soviet non-aggression treaty (Aug.
21), 69–70, 490, 492–493, 497, 498–499, 500, 519–520, 537–541, 563, 564, 566
- Trade treaty negotiations, 125
- Comintern, 39, 41, 80, 92, 192
- France, relations with, 301, 476–477, 818
- Germany, relations with, 818
- Internal situation, and purges, 404,
564–565,
921–922
- Japan, relations with:
- Amur River islands question, 920–928
- Fisheries problem, 21, 343, 563, 587, 949–950
- General, 39, 41–42,
57, 59–60, 84, 100, 309, 343, 403–404, 476, 481, 547, 553, 563–566, 567–568, 572, 586–587, 598–599, 636, 664–665, 792, 920–921, 966, 980
- Raid on Soviet Consulate by Japan, 315, 325
- Soviet–Japanese war, possibility of, 7, 248, 403, 564, 567, 568, 595, 652, 653, 723, 818, 830, 926, 949–950
- Soviet protests to, 100, 315, 325, 484, 553
- “Manchoukuo,” relations with, 21, 57, 622;
border incidents, 223, 343, 563,
920–928,
937–938
- Military situation: Border measures, 60, 481–482, 915–916; Pacific coastal defense, 792
- Outer Mongolia: Border situation, 21–22; influence in, 70, 519, 610, 650
- Pacific islands possessions, 955
- Pacific non-aggression agreement, contemplated inclusion in, 966, 978–979
- Sinkiang, penetration into, 21, 70
- Sino-Japanese conflict. See under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers.
- Stalin, Joseph, 93
- United Kingdom, relations with, 8, 65
- United States, relations with, 569–572, 923, 925–926
- Spain, 789, 945
- Spanish Civil War, 107, 624, 777
- Stalin, Joseph, 93
- Standard Vacuum Oil Co., 855, 856
- Taiwan, 962, 974
- Tangku Truce Agreement (1933), 79, 99, 217
- Texas Co., 855, 856
- Timor Island, 955
- Trade agreement, Anglo-American, negotiations for, 707, 891
- Treaties, conventions, etc.:
- Anti-Comintern pacts. See
Anti-Comintern pacts.
- Boxer Protocol (1901), 132–133, 168, 200,
202, 232–233, 252, 433,
817, 839
- Four-Power Treaty (1921), 981, 984,
987, 991
- Franco-Soviet treaty of mutual assistance (1935), 301
- German-Japanese agreement. See under
Anti-Comintern pacts.
- Ho–Umetsu Agreement (1935), 54–55, 99, 185, 196, 199,
221
- Italian-Japanese protocol for mutual assistance (1936), 604
- Japanese–“Manchoukuo” treaty (Nov. 5), 935, 937,
941
- Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928), 289, 382,
418, 438, 524, 586, 589, 959, 966,
981
- Locarno Pact (1925), 981
- London Naval Treaty (1930), 963
- London Naval Treaty (1936), 977
- Nine Power Treaty (1922). See
Nine Power Treaty.
- Pacific non-aggression pact. See
Pacific non-aggression agreement.
- Portsmouth, Treaty of (1905), 691
- Shanghai Truce Agreement (1932), 114, 116,
122, 126–127, 380, 386,
454
- Sino-Soviet non-aggression treaty (Aug.
21), 69–70, 490, 492–493, 497, 498–499, 500,
519–520,
537–541,
563, 564, 566
- Tangku Truce Agreement (1933), 78, 99, 217
- Washington treaties of 1921 and 1922, 954, 958, 963,
964
- Undeclared war between Japan and China (see
also
Sino-Japanese dispute):
- Advisers, military. See
China: Military
advisers, infra.
- Agreements: July 8, 149; July 11, 137, 156,
176, 177, 184, 185, 199, 208, 209,
214, 219, 222, 226, 235, 241, 244,
246, 248, 249–250, 254–255, 257,
268, 343, 435
- Air operations. See
Bombing, infra; and
under
Military operations, infra.
- Amoy, situation in, 845
- Anglo-American consultations on policy and advisable
steps (see also under
Mediation, infra):
- Anglo-American naval power, consideration of use of, 667, 724–725, 806, 815–816
- Chinese customs questions, 862, 865, 866, 867, 872–873, 880, 881, 883–884, 886, 890–891, 897, 912
- Far Eastern situation, 401–404, 480, 509–510, 519, 658, 724–725, 830, 832, 981
- General, 141–142, 147–148, 225, 272, 289–290, 292, 472, 568–569, 572, 582–583, 591–593, 600–602, 608–609, 750–760, 792–794, 798–800, 815–817
- Good offices, offers of, 687–689, 696–700, 714, 775–777, 799–800
- Shanghai situation, 464–467, 560–561, 568–569, 572–573, 698–699, 739–740, 742–743, 804–805, 824
- Smuggling activities in North China, 849–850, 851
- Armaments:
- Blockade of Chinese coast, question of, 482, 557–558, 665, 722, 841
- British shipments to Japan, 431, 658
- Chinese situation, 706, 843
- Embargo, problem of, 442, 468, 658
- Foreign powers’ shipments to China, question of, 431, 459–460, 477, 482–483, 513, 558, 616, 626, 766, 769, 774; Japanese measures to stop,
439, 468, 664, 758, 858
- French position on shipments through Indo-China, 623–624, 629–630, 634–636, 637–638, 640, 672, 686
- Losses, 419, 439, 556–557, 621, 843
- Soviet supplies to China, 460, 468, 481–482, 485, 539, 540, 558, 616, 624–625, 635, 639–640; airplane shipments, 477, 497–498, 564, 565, 566–567, 606, 616–617, 639–640, 659, 712, 767, 780
- Supplies to Japanese army in China, 216, 331
- U.S. attitude toward shipments, 442, 459–460, 516, 520, 531–532, 533, 570, 583; list of arms barred from export, 736, 741; orders to American Aviation Co., 671–672
- Armistice, possibility of, 688, 769
- Blockade of Chinese coast, question of, 482, 557–558, 665,
722, 841
- Bombing, by Japanese:
- Canton, 549, 847–848
- Nanking, 415, 416, 496, 530–531, 534–537, 542, 543–544, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 559, 562, 620–621, 622, 713
- Protests by U.S. and other Governments, 504–505, 549, 555–559
- Railways, 202, 203, 848; Canton-Hankow Railway, 521, 624, 848; Canton–Hong Kong Railway,
848; Peiping–Hankow Railway,
208–209, 254, 331–332, 360, 436, 631
- U.S.S. Panay, 798–799, 816, 830, 848
- Casualties, 136, 424–425, 468, 494,
580, 603–604, 645, 655–656, 689,
802, 806, 843, 848
- China:
- Attitude toward hostilities and charges against Japan,
145, 149, 162, 169, 190, 211, 391, 417, 491, 589–590, 675–676, 703, 819, 825, 832
- Aviation, American and foreign instructors and fliers,
question of, 336–337, 353, 516–517, 578, 603, 616, 780, 819
- Declaration of war, formal, question of, 545
- Determination to resist Japanese aggression, 5, 72,
138–139, 158, 195–196, 217–218, 230, 268, 277, 299, 676, 733–734, 818, 819, 828, 832–833
- Foreign forces, questions regarding, 371, 420–421, 804–805
- Military advisers: French, 477; German, 353, 483, 602, 640, 651, 669, 670, 789; Soviet, 566
- Military situation: General, 95, 307, 352–353, 617, 694–695, 696, 731, 778, 818, 819, 832; proposal for cessation of all troop
movements, 187, 194, 211, 220, 236, 259–260, 417; 29th
Army, 72, 139, 140, 184–185, 195, 199, 200, 209, 218, 219, 275; war
preparations and troop movements, 138, 140, 161–162, 171, 193, 211, 215
- U. S. assistance, Chinese inquiries as to possibility of
(see also
Chiang Kai-shek: United States), 183, 751, 773–774, 796–797, 803, 883
- War, financing of, 461
- Civilian population, protection of (see
also
Protection of foreign nationals, infra): General, 182, 318, 494, 496,
520, 530–531, 535, 536,
537, 542, 552, 555, 709–710, 733,
737–738;
refugee problem, 443, 494, 662,
689, 709–710, 739, 748,
795
- Collective action by Western nations, question of, 233, 461–462, 484,
485, 489, 544, 571
- Davidson neutral zone plan, 467, 473, 475
- Declaration of war, formal, question of: By China,
545; by Japan, 658, 659–660, 663,
664, 675, 712, 720, 722–723, 735,
738, 741, 758–759, 778
- Demands by Japan. See under
Japan, infra.
- Diplomatic and consular relations:
- American officials following Chinese Government to
interior, 680–683, 701–702, 705, 706, 715, 723, 771–772, 813–814, 820–821, 828–829, 834, 835–836, 838–839, 840
- Japanese Consulates closed at Chungking and Ichang, 313, 318; Hankow, 360,
367
- Japanese Embassy leaving Nanking, 415
- Sino-Japanese, 294, 295, 545, 696, 803, 804
- Economic matters, 430, 497, 518,
571; boycott against Japan, question
of, 554, 560, 569, 573–575, 582, 587,
591, 601, 806; Customs and Salt
Revenue Administrations, integrity of, 848–915; possible Japanese
demands, 628
- Educational and cultural matters, 608,
642, 644, 704; Japanese control in
Peiping, 361–362, 500–501, 512
- Espionage, 366, 509
- Foreign powers, policies of (see
also
Mediation, infra):
- Cooperation, necessity of, 148, 160–161, 461, 485–488, 490, 504, 529, 793
- France: Arms shipments through Indo-China, 623–624, 629–630, 634–636, 637–638, 640, 672, 686; policies and attitudes, 151, 153, 197, 205, 211–213, 223, 233, 288, 301, 326, 333, 431, 450, 475–478, 511, 557, 809; Puppet regime in North
China, attitude, 839; Shanghai
situation, 448–449, 453, 715–717
- General, 175, 207, 241, 254, 459–460, 464, 478, 489, 496, 544, 571, 589, 598–599, 600, 792–794, 806
- Germany: Policies and views, 288–289, 301–302, 478, 481–484, 489, 500, 547–548, 625–626, 649–650, 668–671, 720–721, 788–789, 806, 812; steps
taken, 287, 357, 376, 459, 478, 709, 812
- Italy: Policies and views, 194, 228, 253, 289, 295, 301, 447, 602, 612–616, 626, 649, 650, 715–717, 746, 747, 788, 789; steps taken, 295, 324, 376, 390, 459, 469, 478
- Soviet Union (see also under
Armaments, supra): Policies and views, 93, 163, 247, 287–288, 315–316, 484–485, 622, 827–828; possible intervention on
Chinese side, 234, 301, 327, 338, 431, 435, 460, 476, 484, 539, 558, 617, 625, 636, 712, 734, 818, 827–828
- United Kingdom (see also
Anglo-American consultations, supra; and under
Shanghai, infra): Policies and views, 158, 164, 272, 288, 291, 307, 319–320, 394, 490, 511, 582, 591–593, 658, 774, 776, 794, 804–805, 809, 819, 839–840; Tsingtao situation, 462–464, 465–466, 478
- United States (see also
Anglo-American consultations
and
Armaments, supra;
and under
Shanghai, infra): Analyses, general policies and views, 36–37,
143, 197, 212–213, 238, 255–256, 279, 312, 372, 385–386, 459–461, 463–464, 487–488, 490–491, 506–508, 514, 526–530, 544–545, [Page 1005]
570–572, 583, 585–586, 598–599, 618–619, 630, 793, 806; protests
and representations to Japan, 535, 537, 542, 549, 592, 849–851
- Hainan Island, 523, 549–550, 557, 634,
637, 955, 966
- Hankow, situation in, 240, 255, 313,
348, 357, 367, 820, 821; Japanese evacuation
from, 334–335, 348, 360, 367,
371, 374
- Incidents (see also under
Shanghai, infra):
- Hungjao Aerodrome, 364–366, 368, 375, 378, 418
- Langfang, 276
- Marco Polo Bridge (Lukouchiao), 129, 130, 131, 132, 136, 139, 145, 148, 149, 156, 169, 170, 173, 185, 190, 216, 217, 218, 219, 224, 242, 244, 251, 252, 253, 257, 259, 298, 299, 432, 437
-
Panay, 798–799, 816, 830, 848
- Tungchow affair, 838
- Wounding of British Ambassador to China by Japanese plane,
494–495, 497, 542–543, 581
- Japan:
-
Aide-mémoire of July 17, 205, 210–211, 213–214, 220, 221
- Aims and objectives, analysis of, 152, 155, 162, 171, 221, 332, 476, 513–514, 515, 545–547, 780
- Attitude toward hostilities and charges against China,
154, 169, 176, 192, 342–345, 486, 585–586
- Declaration of war, formal, question of, 658, 659–660, 663–664, 675, 712, 720, 722–723, 735, 738, 741, 758–759, 778
- Demands by Japan: Chinese customs, 858–859, 873, 879, 893, 894, 912–913; Chinese
recognition of “Manchoukuo,” 617, 627–628, 651; general, 131,
136, 156, 170, 177, 188, 199, 214, 215, 232, 244, 257, 267, 270–271, 279, 285, 338, 349, 378, 383, 392, 394, 397, 399, 400, 567, 627, 628, 835, 841, 842, 844; peace terms, 651, 836, 842, 847; Shanghai, 379–380, 383, 399, 473, 704, 707–709, 715–717, 729, 733, 792; ultimatum of July 26,
270–271, 275, 285, 286, 418
- Japanese nationals and property, protection of, 335, 378, 383–384, 419–420, 426, 431, 440, 441, 446, 448–450, 453, 455, 463, 465, 488, 495, 498, 501, 502, 716, 782–783, 794–796, 814, 846
- Kwantung Army, 88, 138, 156, 168, 234, 434, 563, 653, 811, 927
- Reenforcements from Japan to North China, 172, 187, 191, 209, 216, 245, 260, 275, 373, 458
- War expenditures, 303, 318, 340, 371–372, 533–534, 984
- War preparations and troop movements, 142, 145, 153, 158, 162, 169, 171, 178, 185–186, 191, 221, 234, 245, 257, 259, 261, 275, 326, 331
- Kwantung Army. See under
Japan, supra.
- Marco Polo Bridge. See under
Incidents, supra.
- Mediation and good offices (see
also
Peace negotiations, infra):
- Anglo-American, 150–151, 154, 158, 174, 226, 227–228, 231, 257–258, 263–264, 280, 287–288, 300–301, 319–320, 327–329, 340–342, 349–351, 363, 384, 402–403, 687–689, 697–698, 699–700, 701, 714–715, 775–776, 799–801
- Chinese request for, 158, 248, 263–264
- France, 151–152, 173, 174, 232–233, 254
- Germany, 648–649, 661, 670, 687, 688, 737, 740, 745–750, 752, 764, 765, 769, 777–778, 789, 791, 800, 812, 836, 842
- Italy, 295, 447
- Japanese reaction to, 165,
341, 350–351, 387, 687–689, 690–697, 699–700, 701, 715, 724, 727, 799–800
- Joint steps by foreign powers, 163, 183, 297, 339, 397–398, 399–400, 475–476, 477
- United Kingdom, 144, 150, 158–159, 160, 171, 178–179, 184, 194, 207, 225, 226, 227–228, 291, 372–373, 697, 699–700
- United States, 143–144, 157, 159, 160, 165, 166, 175, 207, 236–238, 239, 274, 297, 337, 353, 368, 380–381, 387, 415, 471–472, 508, 529, 581, 590–591, 593, 604–605, 665, 727, 775, 782–783, 790–791
- Military operations (see also
under
North China
and
Shanghai, infra):
- Air operations (see also
Bombing, supra): American and foreign instructors and
fliers, question of, 336–337, 353, 516–517, 578, 603, 616, 780, 818; general,
191, 202, 203, 204, 208–209, 283, 293, 404, 419, 439, 468, 513, 552, 622, 798–799, 823, 847–848; plane losses, 557, 621; South
China, 390, 391, 424, 425; U.S.
weather broadcasts as aid to Japanese air force, 284
- Ground operations, 156, 173, 234–235, 261–263, 270, 275, 282, 292, 307, 312, 316, 326, 327, 424, 525, 584, 595, 691, 694, 820, 841
- Guerrilla warfare, 377, 446
- Naval operations: Anglo-American naval power,
consideration of use of, 724–725, 806, 815–816; foreign
shipping affected by, 557–558, 679, 798–799; general, 191, 209–210, 293, 318, 323, 348, 367, 373, 392, 424, 429, 441, 451, 452, 535–536, 672
- Nanking (see also
Bombing, supra):
Fall of, 731, 802, 829–830; safety zone, question of, 709–710, 720–721, 732–733, 737–738, 744, 747–748, 757–758, 768,
781–782,
783, 784, 787–788; situation in, 323–324, 335,
709–710,
726, 835
- North China (see also under
Sino-Japanese dispute):
- American and other foreign forces in, 133, 135, 252, 804, 816
- Chinese population in occupied areas: Cooperation with
Japanese, question of, 110–111, 255, 308–309, 801–802, 825; treatment by Japanese, 167–168, 314, 509, 666, 824, 916, 918
- Military operations: General, 434, 446, 458, 462, 489, 558, 567, 597, 605–606, 642, 653, 665, 667, 802; Peiping–Tientsin area, 145, 148, 167, 181–182, 219, 261–263, 264, 265, 267, 271, 272, 276, 278, 283, 290, 292–293, 303, 305, 310–311, 315, 324–325; troop movements and Japanese reenforcements,
37–38, 71–73, 94–95, 191, 198, 209, 216, 219, 235, 259–260, 269, 275, 309, 330–331
- Peiping: Committees for maintenance of order, 273, 300, 308, 361, 611, 645, 656, 801; general situation in, 157, 182, 200–201, 235, 280–281, 284–285, 286, 296; Japanese
occupation of, 298–300, 314, 326–327, 335–336, 338, 358–359, 436–437, 463, 500–501, 511–512, 645, 656, 801; Japanese propaganda
campaigns in, 512, 644, 645, 665
- Puppet regime (“Provisional Government of the Republic of
China”): Chinese, collaboration of, 801–802, 824–825; Chinese Government charges against, 824–825, 832; Customs
Administration, question of, 904–909
passim; general, 508–509, 606, 631, 641–642, 656, 801–802, 807, 810–811, 846–847; Japanese policy, 802, 807, 811, 817, 820, 824, 846; National Government’s attitude toward, 788, 803, 811, 820; recognition by foreign
powers and diplomatic representation, question of, 808, 811–812, 813–817, 839–840, 907
- Suiyuan, situation in, 38, 72
- Tientsin: General situation in, 167, 210, 216, 284, 293–294, 305, 307–308, 511; smuggling, 849,
854; Tokyo air mail service,
632
-
Panay incident, 798–799, 816, 830,
848
- Peace negotiations and possibilities (see also
Mediation, supra):
- General, 177, 195, 219, 237, 259, 273, 319–320, 327–329, 339–340, 348–349, 354, 384–385, 388, 398, 467, 474, 617, 642, 654–655, 661, 740, 750, 765, 767, 769, 778, 842, 847
- Japanese position on direct Sino-Japanese negotiations
without mediation, 691, 697, 724, 727
- Possible U.S. role in, 690,
692–697, 699–700
- Terms violating Nine Power Treaty, possibility of, 778, 800, 801
- Tientsin conversations, 188,
192, 199, 235
- Poison gas, use of, 489, 603–604
- Prisoners, Japanese, release by Chinese, 177
- Protection of foreign nationals and interests:
- Abolition of extraterritorial rights in “Manchoukuo,” 942
- American, 15, 223, 241–242, 256, 266, 272, 280, 281, 313, 336, 356, 357, 370, 371, 405–406, 504–505, 507, 513, 526, 530–531, 576, 795, 816, 834; in Nanking,
534, 536–537, 682, 706, 744–745; in Shanghai, 381, 409, 443, 444, 470; in Tsingtao, 430, 456–457, 463, 805
- British, 280,
357, 426, 441, 463, 467, 478, 726; wounding of British
Ambassador by Japanese plane, 494–495, 497, 517, 542–543, 581
- French, 280, 286, 357
- General, 244, 267, 281, 293, 356–357, 369, 390, 509, 520, 521, 588, 661, 665, 722, 755, 805, 814, 823
- Italian, 280, 286–287
- Kidnapping of Europeans, 500,
508, 512
- Nanking, 535, 537, 542, 726, 737–738, 768, 835
- Shanghai, 320, 321, 322, 369, 389, 390, 398, 405, 406, 409, 410, 443, 444, 718
- Tsingtao, 456, 457, 458–459, 732
- Refugee problem, 443, 494, 662,
689, 709–710, 739, 748,
795
- Shanghai:
- Customs problems, 716, 792, 794, 878–898
passim, 901, 903, 904–905
- Demands by Japan, 379–380, 383, 399, 473, 704, 707–709, 715–717, 729, 733, 792
- Foreign forces, question of withdrawal, 729–731, 824
- Foreign nations, joint steps and representations by, 244–245, 351, 352, 356, 360–364, 369, 375, 376, 390, 398, 399, 416–417, 419–420, 427, 428, 475, 721, 765–766, 770, 807
- General situation in, 249,
314, 351, 375, 380, 385, 392–393, 398, 399, 677–678; mutual charges by Chinese and Japanese, 302, 379, 391, 392, 402, 411–412, 418, 429, 437, 452–453, 461, 492, 627
- Incidents, 322, 370, 749–750, 754, 771, 772, 780; Hungjao Aerodrome, 364–365, 368, 375, 378, 418
- International Settlement: General situation, 689, 716–717, 721, 722, 761–763, 774, 779; Joint
Commission, 116, 122, 123–124, 126–127, 380, 386; legal status of, 717–718; parade of Japanese troops through, 705, 708, 716, 743, 747–750, 754; protection by foreign
powers, 389, 405, 469, 501; respect by
conflicting forces, question of, 351, 352, 355, 393, 398, 405, 443, 661–662, 674–675, 698–699, 756–757, 760–763, 765–766, 770, 772, 779–780, 785, 794–796; use by
Japaanese as base of operations, 320–321, 355, 410, 470–471, 510, 550–551, 555–556, 560–561, 568–569, 572–573, 577–578, 594–595, 607, 627, 629, 642–643, 646
- Military operations: Air, 405,
406, 407–409, 414, 416–417, 439, 452, 493–494, 553, 554, 578–579, 657–658; Chinese troops in, 381, 382–383, 389, 412, 437; ground
fighting in Shanghai and Shanghai–Yangtze area, 404, 414, 439, 442–444, 454, 458, 468, 469–470, 493–494, 587–588, 643–644, 651, 656–668
passim, 673–674, 678–679, 689–690, 703; Japanese reenforcements of landing force,
373, 400, 425, 426, 468, 469–470, 742, 756–757, 760–764, 770–771; naval, 169, 351, 375, 379, 390, 395–396, 404, 407, 425–426, 439, 451, 452–453, 468
- Municipal Council and police, 244–245, 249, 419
- Neutralization proposals, 321–323, 352, 370–371, 381, 453, 466, 472–473, 520–521
- Policing problem, 739–740, 742–743, 745–746, 754–755, 760–764, 770, 772; Peace Preservation Corps, 114, 115, 302, 321, 351, 362, 364–366, 369, 370, 375, 378, 379–380, 389, 400
- Shanghai Truce Agreement (1932),
114, 116, 122, 126–127, 380, 386, 454
- United Kingdom: Proposal for withdrawal of Chinese and
Japanese forces and joint responsibility to foreign
authorities, 440–441, 444–446, 448–450, 453, 455, 456, 464–467, 469; steps and consultations, 409–410, 412, 413, 423, 426–428, 560–561, 607, 642–643, 646, 684, 698, 715–717, 724–725, 739–740, 742, 745–749, 804
- United States, views of situation and steps taken, 376, 395, 400–401, 411–412, 413, 421–422, 425, 427–429, 437, 442, 444–445, 440–450, 742–743, 749
- U.S. Marines. See
U.S. Marines.
- Shansi, situation in, 802, 842
- Shantung, situation in, 162, 317, 605–606, 621–622, 631,
685, 833, 834, 841
- Shensi, situation in, 377
- South China:
- Canton, bombing of, 549, 847–848; evacuation of Japanese nationals, 431
- Foochow and Swatow, Japanese evacuation from, 371
- Naval operations, 323, 425–426, 672
- “State of war,” question of existence of (see
also
Declaration of war, supra), 514, 515–516, 586, 652
- Transport and communications (see also
China: Railways):
- General problems, 94, 120, 136, 167, 274, 485, 521, 533, 547, 564, 567, 583, 833, 848
- Postal, telephone, telegraph, and radio services, 359, 361, 628, 716, 729, 844; censorship,
210, 216, 284, 463, 511, 644, 704, 707, 729
- Tsingtao: General situation, 348, 426, 439,
445, 463, 474, 502, 503, 684, 685,
713, 732, 755, 805, 823, 837, 844,
846; Japanese nationals and
property, 463, 488, 495, 498, 782–783, 814;
neutral zone, question of, 455, 456, 478,
841; U.S. representations, 457, 462,
478
- U.S. Marines. See
U.S. Marines.
- Weather reports, question of, 284,
303–304
- United Kingdom:
- China, relations with: General, 44,
65, 66,
83, 93,
94, 179,
480, 592; loan policy, 769, 815; trade, 45
- General policy in Far East, 301, 402, 480,
789, 960, 966
- Germany, relations with, 548, 670
- Imperial Conference, 979, 983–990
passim
- Japan, relations with:
- Anglo-Japanese conversations, 83, 84–85, 93–96, 102, 115, 154, 158, 291, 975–976, 979, 987, 990, 991; influence of Sino-Japanese hostilities, 144, 163, 164, 207, 240–241, 344–348; U.S. attitude toward, 95–96, 345–348
- Economic relations: Conflict with Japanese interests in
China, 8, 66, 67, 74, 103–104, 115, 346; Ishii mission, 808–809; loan
policies, 759–760, 776–777; trade, 101, 115
- General, 8–9, 25, 39, 57,
64–66, 74–75, 82,
101, 103–104, 115, 179, 291, 343, 344, 401, 431, 487, 573, 591–593, 615, 664, 693, 727, 759, 936–937
- Good offices, offers of, 373,
687–689
- Protests concerning abolition of extraterritorial rights
in “Manchoukuo,” 936–937; loss of life and property,
480; occupation of Pratas
Reef, 523, 524–525; wounding of
British Ambassador to China, 494–495, 497, 517, 542–543
- U.S. analysis of, 345–348, 574–577, 581
- Withdrawal of British Ambassador considered, 545
- “Manchoukuo,” relations with, 115–116, 936–937, 938–939
- Naval armament questions, 958, 981
- Pacific islands possessions, 955
- Protection of nationals. See
Undeclared war: Protection: British.
- Sino–Japanese conflict. See under
Undeclared war: Foreign
powers
and
Mediation.
- Soviet Union, relations with, 8, 65
- Trade agreement with United States, negotiations for, 707, 891
- United States, relations with. See
Undeclared war: Anglo-American consultations
and
Mediation: Anglo-American.
- U.S. Marines at Shanghai, 389–390, 420–422, 423, 424, 430, 708–709, 716, 718, 730–731, 784–785, 822
- U.S. Pacific islands possessions, 955
- War between Soviet Union and Japan, possibility of, 7, 248, 403, 564, 567, 568, 595, 652, 653, 723, 818, 830, 926, 949–950
- Weather broadcasts, 284, 303–304
- Weather Conference, Far Eastern (Jan. 13–21), 304
- Yokohama Specie Bank, 858, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 875; deposits
with, 877, 878, 885, 888, 892, 893, 896, 898, 902