Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United
States, Japan, 1931–1941, Volume II
Index
- Airplanes, airplane accessories, aviation gasoline, etc., U. S.
restrictions on export to Japan. See
Economic measures.
- American treaty rights and equality of commercial opportunity in occupied
China (see also under
Growing tension: 1939, 1940:
China questions), Japanese interference with, 329–330, 411, 472–473, 480–481, 641–642
- Anti-Comintern Pact. See under
Axis powers.
- Arms and munitions, restrictions on export to Japan. See
Economic measures.
- “Arsenal of democracy” address by President Roosevelt, Dec. 29, 1940, 173–181
- Assets, Japanese, freezing of. See
Economic measures: 1941: July 26;
also
Conversations, subjects: Economic questions: Economic measures:
Freezing.
- Axis powers (see also
Conversations, subjects: European war; Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
European situation; Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics), relations of Japan, 2, 2–3, 36, 116, 126, 126–127, 134, 135, 141, 143–146, 153–186, 311
- Anti-Comintern Pact and supplementary protocol
between Germany and Japan, and subsequent adherence of Italy:
- Italy, adherence: Observations of Ambassador Grew, 160–161; protocol of adherence, Nov. 6, 1987, text, 159–160
- Japanese official statements and views, 36, 155–158, 163–164
- Texts signed Nov. 25, 1936, 153–155
- Tripartite Pact between Germany, Italy, and Japan:
- Axis efforts to aline Japan more closely, 182–183
- German implementation of pact by dispatch of commission to
assist in construction of fueling bases in Japanese islands,
173; question of supply of
war planes to Japan, 311
- Japanese views:
- Denial of hostile intentions, 126, 126–127, 135, 163–164, 172–173
- Obligations in event of U. S. entrance into
European war, 134, 141, 145–146, 171, 183–185
- Official statements on occasion of signature:
Address by Foreign Minister Matsuoka, 166–168; imperial rescript, 168; message of Prime
Minister, 168–169
- Negotiations, 2, 2–3, 161–162, 170
- Text signed Sept. 27, 1940,
summary, 165–166
- U. S. attitude: Disapproval, 116, 162–163, 169–171; press
release by Department of State, 169; radio address by President Roosevelt on
national security, Dec. 29, 1940,
173–181
- Visit of Foreign Minister Matsuoka to Berlin, Moscow, and Rome
(1941), 143–145, 182–186, 311
- Bombing of civilians by the Japanese and military operations endangering
American lives and interests in China, 3, 5, 32, 33, 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 49, 208–210
- Boundary dispute between French Indochina and Thailand, Japanese
mediation, 142, 144,
306
- Burma Road, 101, 327, 508, 518, 781
- Chiang Kai-shek, continued U. S. recognition and aid, and Japanese
opposition, 36, 38,
59, 93, 94–95, 99, 134, 144, 148–149, 303, 314, 319, 326, 333, 344, 366, 367, 368, 376, 380, 381, 384, 423, 443, 471, 501, 508, 518, 580, 584, 612, 618, 624, 725, 754–755, 755, 761, 763–764, 765, 775, 782, 783, 788, 789, 791–792
- China (see also
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
China questions; and under
Conversations, subjects):
- Assets in the United States, freezing of. See
Economic measures: 1941: July
26.
- Extraterritoriality, 17
- “Incidents”: Liutiaokow (Sept 18, 1931),
136; Marco Polo Bridge (July 7, 1937), 134, 135, 136; Shanghai (July 7,
1940), 101–104, 106–108
- Commercial treaty between the United States and Japan (Feb. 21, 1911), U. S. abrogation, 30–31, 32–33, 41, 43, 51, 53–54, 54–55, 58, 63, 70, 79, 88, 98–99, 189–198, 204–210, 368–369, 536, 760
- Arrangements for maintaining commercial relations upon expiration
of treaty: Nonimposition of discriminatory duties on Japanese
imports, 195–196, 197–198; status of Japanese treaty merchants,
196–197,
198; U. S. liberal policy, 193–194, 536
- Embargo, possibility of, 32–33, 41, 58
- Japanese desire for negotiation of a new commercial treaty,
agreement, or modus vivendi, and U. S.
attitude, 43, 51, 55, 63, 70, 79, 98–99, 190–195, 196, 197, 198,
205
- Termination of treaty on Jan. 26, 1940,
30–31,
32–33,
43, 51,
88, 189–190, 197, 368–369, 760;
text of U. S. notice of abrogation, 189
- Violation of treaty by breach of contract between Universal Oil
Co. and Japanese interests, Japanese allegations and U. S. views,
53–54,
54–55,
204–210
- Communism (see also
Axis powers: Anti-Comintern
Pact), question of joint defense by China and Japan, 333, 334, 336, 396, 423, 428, 429, 434–436, 441, 443, 444–445, 453, 460, 470, 477–478, 485–486, 493–494, 502, 623
- Conversations between the Governments of the United States
and Japan, 1941 (see also
Conversations, subjects of discussion), 325–795
- Record of conversations, documents, 387–795
- Summary of conversations, memorandum prepared in Department of
State (May 19, 1942), 325–386
- Jan.-May 11, preliminary phase, 325–332, 387–418
- Efforts to improve Japanese-American relations,
initiation: Conversations between Ambassador Nomura,
Secretary Hull, arid President Roosevelt, 331, 387–398, 402–418; suggestion of President Roosevelt, 387–388
- Proposal for a general settlement in the Pacific area,
presented informally by private Americans and Japanese, Apr. 9: Discussions, 328–332, 402–415; draft text, 398–402
- May 12–Aug. 5, consideration of Japanese
proposal of May 12 and interruption of
conversations following Japanese military penetration into French
Indochina, 332–343, 418–546, 551,
552
- Draft proposals:
- Agreement for a general settlement, Japanese draft
proposal of May 12:
- Amended agreement, U. S. proposal of May 31: Discussions, 451–472; text and annexes, 446–451
- Japanese revision of June
15: Discussions, 472–473, 476–483; text and annex, 473–476
- Redraft by the United States, June 21:
- Discussions, 338–343, 483–486, 492–514
- Text and annexes, 486–492
- U. S. oral statement of June 21 concerning need for assurance and
manifestation by Japanese of intention to pursue
policy of peace: Discussions, 492–493, 495–502, 505–509, 511–512, 513–514; text, 485–486; U. S. acceptance of return of oral
statement as requested by Japan, 511–512, 513–514
- Suggestion by President Roosevelt, July 24, for neutralization of
French Indochina and Thailand, 341–342, 527–530, 538, 539–540, 542, 545, 552; Japanese attitude, 534–537
- U. S. refusal to entertain compromise solution,
538–539
- Interruption of conversations following Japanese military
penetration into French Indochina: Attitude of the United
States, 340–341, 522, 525–526, 551; question of resumption of conversations,
531, 532, 533, 536
- Aug. 6–Oct. 16, 17, renewed
insistence by the Japanese Government upon its peaceful
purposes—resumption of conversations, 343–358, 546–689
- Draft proposals:
- Advancement by Japan, Aug.
6, of a limited and one-sided offer:
Discussions, 343–344, 546–549, 550–553; text, 549–550, 561–562; U. S. views regarding lack of
responsiveness to President Roosevelt’s suggestion
of July 24, 344, 552–553
- Japanese revised proposal of Sept. 6:
- Discussions, 348–349, 593–595, 600–603, 604–607, 610–636
- Text, 608–609
- Unofficial draft presented by Ambassador
Nomura, Sept. 4, and
subsequently withdrawn: Discussions, 595–596, 610, 615; text and annexes, 597–600; withdrawal, 597n, 621, 626
- U. S. statement of desire for further
clarification, 610–613, 625, 626; Japanese reply, 620–624, 634–636
- Proposal of Sept. 25 by
Japan, combining U. S. redraft of June 21 and Japanese revised proposal of Sept. 6: Discussions, 353, 636, 640–641, 651, 654, 654–669, 672–677, 684; Japanese efforts to expedite reply,
641–645; 652–654; text,
637–640
- Effect on conversations of new Japanese acts of aggression
in French Indochina, 668, 669–670, 679, 682
- Formal negotiations, U. S. requirements for entrance upon:
- Consultation with British, Chinese, and
Netherlands Governments, 348, 588, 595, 611–612, 618; Japanese views, 620–621, 627, 630, 632
- Insistence on reaching advance agreement in
principle on fundamental issues: Discussions, 347–348, 352–353, 559, 576–579, 584, 588–592, 595, 621, 631, 654–656, 661, 673–674;
Japanese views and requests for information on
points of divergence, 626–627, 631, 670–678, 681; opinion of Ambassador
Grew, 645–650
- Meeting between President Roosevelt and Prime
Minister Konoye, proposed. See
Roosevelt-Konoye
meeting.
- Peace, renewed insistence by Japan on purposes of,
343, 345, 347, 349–350, 356, 548, 553, 554, 555, 562, 563, 566, 572–575, 584, 590, 604–605, 606, 615–616, 625, 635, 642–643, 652–653, 657–658, 672, 675, 680, 681
- Resumption of conversations:
- Japanese requests, 553, 554, 559–560
- U.S. attitude:
- Disinclination in view of continued Japanese
military aggression and press campaign against the
United States, 345–346, 547–548, 551, 553–555, 557–559
- Insistence on Japan’s furnishing clear
statement of present attitude and plans, 345–346, 559, 570; Japanese statement,
573–575
- Oct. 17–Nov. 19, advent of
the Tojo cabinet and redoubling of the Japanese Government’s
insistence upon early acceptance of its proposals, 358–366, 370, 689–753, 788
- Draft proposals:
- Formulas presented by Japan, Nov. 7, concerning stationing and withdrawal
of Japanese forces in China and French Indochina,
and principle of nondiscrimination in international
commercial relations: Discussions, 706–709, 712–714, 722, 788;
texts, 709–710
- U. S. proposal for joint declaration on economic
policy: Discussions, 359–361, 731, 742, 750;
failure of Japan to respond, 370; text, 736–737
- U. S. suggestion for mutual pledges of
conciliation between China and Japan, 708, 719, 721, 722–723, 724–725, 726–727
- Formal negotiations, question of:
- Japanese desire for, and interpretation of
conversations as such, 710, 720, 721–722, 730–731, 731–732, 748
- U. S. views: Insistence upon Washington as place
of conversations, 700,
701; intention of
consulting British, Chinese, and Netherlands
Governments prior to entrance upon formal
negotiations, 361, 708, 712, 724, 731–732, 733, 736, 748, 750
- Fundamental difficulties under discussion:
- Attitude of Japan and the United States toward
European war: Japanese obligations under Tripartite
Pact, 359, 361, 363, 364, 365, 707, 708–709, 712, 715–716, 723–724, 731, 732–734, 740–741, 744–747, 751–753; U. S.
interpretation of self-defense, 361, 714, 741
- Commercial policy based on principle of
nondiscrimination:
- General discussions, 359, 364, 365, 695–696, 707, 712, 713, 714, 715, 723, 730, 734–736, 744–746, 747
- Joint declaration on economic policy, U. S.
proposal: Discussions, 359–361, 731, 742, 750;
failure of Japan to respond, 370; text, 736–737
- Japanese armed forces, question of withdrawal
from—
- China, 359, 363, 364–365, 698, 699, 707–708, 712, 715, 716, 725–726, 731, 739, 742, 748–749
- French Indochina, 365, 698, 707, 716, 727–728, 749, 750
- Thailand, 728
- Kurusu, Saburo, mission to the United States, 362, 679, 704–705, 707, 710–711, 717, 718–719, 729, 738
- Peace, Japanese position on general question of:
Assurances by Tojo cabinet regarding adherence to Konoye
cabinet’s policies and continuance of conversations to a
successful conclusion, 358, 362, 363, 689–693, 697–698, 699–700, 700–701, 705–706, 710, 738–739, 742–743; message from retiring Prime Minister Konoye
to Ambassador Grew, and reply, 691–692; texts of
Japanese statements, 727–729, 739–740; U. S.
requests for information, and general discussion, 362, 725, 729–730, 739–740
- Redoubling of Japanese Government’s insistence on quick
decision on its proposals, 358,
362, 365, 693, 709, 711–712, 713, 716–717, 719–721, 723, 730, 747, 748, 751; views of Ambassador Grew and
Department of State, 718, 722, 726, 734
- Nov. 20–Dec. 1, Japanese
efforts to extort an agreement on a narrow and one-sided proposal,
366–378,
753–778,
788–789
- Draft proposals:
- Japanese proposal of Nov.
20 for entrance into a modus vivendi pending arrival at a general
settlement: Discussions, 366, 367–369, 369–371, 372, 376, 753–755, 757–764; text,
366–367, 755–756, 788–789
- U. S. proposal of Nov. 26
for a general settlement: Discussions, 371–373, 375–377, 764–767, 770–777, 789;
Japanese attitude, 375,
376, 764–765., 766, 789; text, 373–375, 768–770
- Fundamental difficulties under discussion:
- Attitude of Japan toward the European war and
obligations under Tripartite Pact, 366, 368, 369, 370, 376, 754–755, 756–757, 771, 774, 775, 777; draft letter of
interpretation by Mr. Kurusu, 369, 756–757
- China questions, 366,
367, 370, 376, 754, 754–755, 761, 763, 763–764, 764–765, 765, 771, 775, 776
- Japanese armed forces, in French Indochina, 367, 368, 376–377, 753, 758, 760, 761, 762, 765, 774, 775
- Japanese insistence on need for quick decision, 761, 776
- Peace, Japanese professions of, and U. S. attitude, 367, 368, 369–370, 754, 758
- Dec. 2–7, final phase, 378–386, 778–795
- Continued Japanese troop movements into French Indochina,
and President Roosevelt’s inquiry to Ambassador Nomura and
Mr. Kurusu as to Japanese intentions:
- Efforts to secure reply from Japan to U. S. proposal of
Nov. 26, 780–783
- Message from President Roosevelt to Emperor Hirohito, Dec. 6, 379, 784–786; reply, 385
- War between Japan and the United States:
- Attack by Japan upon Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 385, 786n
- Final meeting between Secretary Hull, Ambassador
Nomura, and Mr. Kurusu, Dec.
7:
- Press statement by Secretary Hull, Dec. 7, 793
- Request by President Roosevelt to Congress, Dec. 8, for declaration of
existence of a state of war with Japan, 793–794; text of declaration, 795
- Conversations, subjects of discussion:
- Bellicose attitude of Japan:
- Encirclement, alleged, 319,
340, 366, 380, 501, 508, 520–521, 523, 547–548, 551, 557, 696, 720, 753, 772, 788
- Press campaign against the United States, 330, 337, 340, 355, 358–359, 375, 376–377, 387, 391, 392, 396, 398, 413, 508, 520–521, 523, 547–548, 551, 554, 555, 557, 566, 582, 585, 693–694, 696, 698, 705–706, 758, 764, 771, 773, 774, 783
- Slogans and ideology, 363,
366, 375–376, 417, 566, 710, 711, 713–714, 742, 754, 772, 776–777
- Speech of Prime Minister Tojo, Nov. 30,
1941, 376–377, 772–774, 777–778
- China:
- Action toward a peaceful settlement between
China and Japan, terms and issues:
- Communism, joint defense against, 333, 334, 336, 396, 423, 428, 429, 434–436, 441, 443, 444–445, 453, 460, 470, 477–478, 485–486, 493–494, 502, 623
- Economic cooperation and principle of
nondiscrimination, 334,
338, 349, 350–351, 355, 360, 370, 382, 384, 396, 410, 423, 429, 452–453, 460, 461, 470, 472–473, 476–477, 479–481, 493, 577, 584, 596, 602, 611, 612–613, 617, 621–622, 623–624, 627, 636, 656, 657, 659–660, 668, 669, 677, 684, 710, 730, 734, 790, 791
- General principles, 433, 434–436, 452–453, 459–462, 498, 500, 595, 610–611, 747
- Immigration to China, 424, 426
- Konoye principles, 333–334, 350, 419, 423, 429–430, 436, 439, 442, 448–449, 459, 460–461
- “Manchukuo”, 334, 409, 423, 428, 429, 461
- Negotiations, question of U. S. good
offices:
- Discussions, 333, 336, 337, 339, 343, 344, 376, 381, 391–392, 393, 423, 427–428, 429, 433, 435, 442–443, 459–462, 465–466, 471, 577–579, 583–584, 595, 611–612, 616, 623, 626, 696–697, 725–726, 742, 761, 762–763, 764–765, 771, 789
- Intention of the United States to discuss
matter with China, 337, 430, 442, 443, 454, 471
- Japanese terms, 627, 629, 631, 632–633; draft
text, 633
- U. S. insistence on knowing terms, 334, 336, 339, 430, 434–435, 445, 577–578, 611, 613, 616, 627, 685
- Wang Ching-wei regime, 334, 350–351, 384, 391, 393, 439, 460, 481, 765, 791–792
- Withdrawal or retention of Japanese troops, 333–334, 336, 337, 338, 349, 350, 355, 359, 363, 364–365, 370, 384, 416–417, 423, 434–436, 437–438, 441–443, 444–445, 453, 455, 459, 461, 470, 477–478, 485–486, 493–494, 502, 518, 577, 602, 611, 616–617, 623, 630, 640–641, 656, 660, 666–667, 668, 669, 670, 671–672, 674, 677, 685, 687–688, 688, 698, 699, 707–708, 709, 712, 716, 725–726, 726, 731, 742, 748, 791
- American treaty rights and equality of opportunity in
occupied China, Japanese interference with, 329–330, 411, 472–473, 480–481, 641–642
- U. S. aid to China, and Japanese objections, 326, 333, 344, 366, 367, 368, 376, 380, 381, 384, 423, 443, 471, 501, 508, 518, 580, 584, 612, 618, 624, 725, 754–755, 755, 761, 763–764, 775, 782, 783, 788, 789, 792
- U. S, suggestion for mutual pledges of conciliation
between China and Japan, 708,
719, 721, 722–723, 724–725, 726–727
- Commerce between the United States and Japan (see also
Economic questions, infra), 333, 339, 424,
451, 453, 462
- Economic questions:
- China, economic cooperation and principle of
nondiscrimination, 334, 338, 349, 350–351, 355, 360, 370, 382, 384, 396, 410, 423, 429, 452–453, 460, 461, 470, 472–473, 476–477, 479–481, 493, 577, 584, 596, 602, 611, 612–613, 617, 621–622, 623–624, 627, 636, 656, 657, 659–660, 668, 669, 677, 684, 710, 730, 734, 790, 791
- Economic activity of the United States and Japan in the
Pacific area, 333, 337, 338, 339, 346, 360, 424, 428, 430, 433–434, 436–437, 453, 462–463, 466, 468, 469–470, 524, 558–559, 577, 596, 612, 617–618, 619, 621, 623, 659–660, 668–669, 670–671, 674–675, 684, 687, 689, 695–696, 707, 710, 712, 713, 715, 723, 730, 731, 732, 734–736, 744–746, 789–790
- Economic measures by the United States
affecting trade with Japan:
- Commercial treaty of 1911,
U. S. abrogation, 368–369, 536, 760
- Freezing of Japanese assets: Japanese
resentment, 364, 380, 496, 531, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 567, 580, 714, 717, 747, 751, 788;
relaxation or removal, question of, 343, 344, 365–366, 367, 368, 375, 581, 582, 602–603, 604, 650, 749–750, 751, 757–760, 771; shipping, Japanese,
arrangements concerning, 536, 537–538; U. S. action, 342, 343
- Japanese resentment, 326, 364, 368–369, 380, 383, 392, 394, 396, 411, 441, 496, 501, 517–518, 523, 531, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 561, 567, 570, 580, 582, 714, 717, 747, 751, 760, 775, 780, 788, 791
- Petroleum shipments and restrictions, 264–265, 366, 367, 501, 523, 527–528, 567, 570, 572, 749, 757, 758, 765, 775, 782
- Views of Ambassador Grew, 602–603, 701–704
- Economic policy:
- Proposed joint declaration by the United States
and Japan: Discussions, 359–361, 370, 731, 734–736, 742, 750; draft
text, 736–737
- Statements of, 390–391, 395, 397
- European war, attitude of Japan and the United
States:
- Address by Secretary Hull (Apr. 24,
1941), cited, 430–432, 449–451
- Greer incident, 609, 613
- Japanese collaboration with Axis powers and
obligations under Tripartite Pact, 325, 326, 330, 331, 333, 337, 338, 339, 349, 354–355, 359, 361, 363, 364, 366, 369, 370, 376, 383, 387, 392–393, 394, 395–396, 397, 404–405, 411, 413–414, 417–418, 423, 426, 427, 432–433, 433, 440–441, 443, 452, 456–458, 464, 469, 478–479, 483–484, 485, 492–493, 495–499, 500, 504, 505, 507, 508–509, 513, 515, 517, 518–519, 520, 524, 577, 584, 596, 602, 609, 613, 614, 622, 627–629, 630, 634, 642–643, 645, 646, 650, 660, 670, 674, 675, 677, 684–685, 686, 687–688, 696, 702, 707, 708, 712, 715–716, 723–724, 731, 732–734, 740–741, 744, 745, 746, 747, 751–752, 754–755, 756–757, 771, 772, 774, 775, 782, 788, 790–791
- Self-defense, U. S. interpretation and policies, 337, 338, 339, 345, 349, 354–355, 363, 413, 414, 418, 425–426, 427, 429, 430–432, 433, 438–439, 440, 449–451, 452, 456–459, 465, 469, 478–479, 483, 485, 505, 508, 509–510, 515–516, 519, 602, 674, 683, 714, 715, 741, 752
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, U. S. and Japanese
relations. See
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, infra.
- U. S. aid to countries resisting aggression, 348, 366, 368, 427, 429, 431, 505, 558, 567, 612, 754–755, 775, 791
- Expedition of conversations, Japanese insistence on, and
objections to delay, 349, 356, 357,
358, 362, 365, 369, 465, 526, 531,
576, 580–581, 586–587, 605–606, 614, 622,
625, 629, 632, 642, 644, 652, 654,
679, 680–681, 682, 686,
693, 699, 711, 716–717, 719, 720–721, 722,
723, 726, 730, 749, 751, 761, 776,
790; U. S. attitude, 655, 718,
734, 749, 761
- French Indochina and Thailand:
- Acts of aggression by Japan, and Japanese explanations,
327, 330, 339–340, 342, 343, 358, 501, 508, 518, 519, 521, 522–523, 528, 530–531, 531–532, 533, 539, 543–544, 548, 553–554, 561, 564, 574, 668, 669–670, 678–679, 683, 684, 779, 781–782, 783, 784, 788
- Multilateral pact concerning status, question of, 383, 791
- Neutralization of French Indochina and
Thailand, President Roosevelt’s proposal of July 24, 1941, 341–342, 344, 527–530, 534–537, 538, 539–540, 542, 545, 547, 552–553, 556; Japanese attitude, 534–537, 561–562
- U. S. attitude (see also
Neutralization, supra):
- Concern over continuance by Japan of policy of
conquest by force (see also
Inquiry, infra), 367–368, 370–371, 376–377, 387, 393, 417, 519, 524–525, 528, 540–546, 553–554, 554, 555, 556–559, 682, 760, 765, 774, 775
- Inquiry by President Roosevelt, Dec. 2, 1941, regarding reasons
for new troop movements:
- Representations against Japanese action, 340–341, 521, 522, 524–526, 528, 678–679, 682
- U. S. proposal for multilateral treaty
guaranteeing integrity of French Indochina, 383, 791
- Warning against further acts of aggression, 345, 556–557
- Withdrawal of Japanese forces, question of, 343–344, 347, 355, 365, 367–368, 368, 377, 382, 561, 562, 574–575, 581, 615–616, 660, 666–667, 668, 698, 710, 716, 727–728, 749–750, 753, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 774, 779–780, 782, 790
- Immigration, Japanese, 394–395, 409,
424, 426, 464, 764
- International relations and character of nations, concepts of the
United States and Japan, 436–437, 452,
456, 458–459
- Kurusu, Saburo, mission to the United States, 362, 679,
704–705,
707, 710–711, 717, 718–719, 729,
738, 783
- Meeting between President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Konoye,
proposed. See
Roosevelt-Konoye meeting.
- Netherlands East Indies, 394, 527–528
- Nonaggression agreements, proposals regarding—
- French Indochina, U. S. desire for multilateral treaty,
and Japanese objections, 383,
791
- Pacific area, U. S. desire for multilateral treaty, and
Japanese objections, 382, 620–621, 630, 761–762, 763, 764, 790
- U. S-Japan, Japanese intimation of, and U. S. refusal to
consider, 412
- Peace (see also under
Conversations: Aug. 6–Oct. 16, 17, Oct. 17–Nov. 19, Nov. 20–Dec.
1):
- Japanese professions of, 332,
334, 338–339, 391, 416, 419, 426, 434, 454–455, 455–456, 471, 495–499, 501, 506–508
- Message from President Roosevelt to Emperor Hirohito, Dec. 6, 1941, 379, 784–786; reply, 385
- U. S. desire for manifestation by Japan of pursuit of
peaceful course, 355–356, 398, 486, 496, 511, 513–514, 520, 754
- Philippine Islands, 344, 453, 464,
772
- Place of conversations, Japanese preference for Tokyo and U. S.
insistence on Washington, 602, 614, 622,
667, 699, 700, 701, 713
- Policies of the United States and Japan affecting political
stabilization in Pacific area, 339, 419, 424–425, 438,
453, 463–464, 481–483, 498, 602,
615–616,
630, 659, 684, 687–688, 740
- Political situation in Japan:
- Cabinet changes, 343, 358, 516, 521–522, 523–524, 534, 689–693, 697, 700–701, 738, 742
- German influence, 326, 356, 530, 603, 630, 680, 686
- Military element, 350, 351, 352, 353, 356–357, 386, 388–389, 392, 395, 416, 434, 471, 495, 516, 605, 625, 644, 651, 662, 680–682, 686, 690, 697, 701, 706, 752, 758, 775, 776
- Public opinion, 335, 356, 521, 551, 561, 613, 632, 635, 651, 652
- Tripartite Pact, anniversary of signature, 603–604, 622, 629, 630, 632, 644, 645, 654
- U. S. implication of divergency of views within Japanese
Government, 485–486, 498, 500, 511–512; Japanese denial, and allegation of U. S.
interference in internal affairs, 493, 495–497, 499, 506–507, 511
- Preamble of proposed agreement between the United States and
Japan, 451–452, 455–456, 623
- Secrecy or publicity of conversations and proposed agreement, 346, 351,
425, 453–454, 497, 576,
579, 580, 582–583, 584, 586, 587,
592, 594, 594–595, 595, 603, 607,
609, 631, 655–656, 661, 766, 793
- Southward advance of Japan (see also
French Indochina and Thailand
and
Netherlands East Indies, supra), question of abandonment by Japan of policies of
aggression and conquest by force, 349,
354, 355, 367, 403, 407, 417, 419,
426, 575, 615–616, 659, 684, 728,
774
- Tripartite Pact (see also
European war: Japanese
collaboration with Axis powers, supra), anniversary of signature, 603–604, 622, 629,
630, 632, 644, 645, 654
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, relations with
Japan:
- General discussions, 325–326, 347, 515, 567, 568, 575, 581, 684, 728, 729, 733, 739, 752
- Nonaggression pact with Japan, cited, 325, 347, 406, 515, 567, 568, 569, 575, 581, 733, 752
- U. S. aid in resisting German aggression, and Japanese
opposition, 498, 501, 505, 568, 575; question of petroleum
shipments to Vladivostok, 566–567, 568–569, 570, 572, 580, 581–582, 604
- U. S. inquiry of Japan regarding intentions of attacking
Soviet Union, 500, 502–503; Japanese denial, counterinquiry regarding U.
S. intentions of entering European war, and further
correspondence, 501, 503–504, 509–510, 513
- U. S. consultation with Chinese, British, Netherlands and other
governments prior to entering into negotiations with Japan, U. S.
insistence, 348, 361, 366, 384, 588,
595, 611, 618, 620–621, 630, 632,
708, 712–713, 724, 731,
731–732,
736, 748, 750, 757, 759, 762, 792
- U. S. policy concerning aid to countries resisting aggression,
348, 366, 368, 427, 429, 431, 505,
558, 567, 612, 754–755, 775, 791
- U. S. principles of international relations, 332, 372, 373, 390–391, 396–397, 404,
407–409,
411, 414, 538–539, 542, 590, 658,
734–736,
766; Japanese adherence, 349–350, 575, 590,
604, 658, 664, 673, 675–676, 685
- War between the United States and Japan, possibility of: Defensive
preparations by the United States, 359,
370, 377–378; views of U. S.
Secretary of the Navy, 693–694, 698;
warning to Department of State by Ambassador Grew regarding
Embassy’s inability to give advance notification of possible
Japanese military action, 743–744
- Economic measures by the United States affecting trade with
Japan (see also
Commercial treaty
and under
Conversations, subjects: Economic questions), 53–54, 54–55, 115, 201–273, 537–538
- 1937, prohibition against transport of
arms, ammunition, or implements of war to China and Japan by
Government-owned vessels, 201
- 1938–1939, moral embargo on
export of airplanes, airplane accessories, aerial munitions,
aviation gasoline and technical processes for manufacture thereof,
to countries guilty of aerial bombing and machine-gunning of
civilian populations: [Page 807]
- July 1, 1938, communication from
Department of State to manufacturers and exporters of
airplanes and airplane accessories, 201–202
- Dec. 2, 1939, statement by
President Roosevelt, 202
- Dec. 15, 1939, communications from
Department of State to—
- Manufacturers and exporters of airplanes, airplane
accessories, and aerial munitions, 202–203
- Producers of aluminum and molybdenum, 203
- Dec. 20, 1939, communication from
Department of State to oil companies, regarding plans,
manufacturing rights, or technical processes for manufacture
of aviation gasoline, 203–204; Japanese protests, alleging
violation of 1911 treaty through
nonfulfillment of Universal Oil Co. contract with Japanese
interests, and U. S. attitude, 53–54, 54–55,
204–210
- 1940, export control by
President Roosevelt under Act of July 2:
- July 2:
- Appointment of Administrator of Export Control,
216
- Proclamation 2413 covering
arms, ammunition, implements of war; aluminum,
molybdenum, certain other basic materials and
products; certain chemicals; certain aircraft parts
and other products; certain machine tools:
- Regulations governing exportation and
licensing procedure, 213–215;
amendment (Jan. 29, 1941),
241
- Text, 211–213
- July 26, proclamation 2417 covering petroleum
products, tetraethyl lead, No.
1 iron and steel scrap:
- July 31, announcement of
limitation to Western Hemisphere of aviation
gasoline exports: Japanese protest against
discriminatory treatment, and U. S. reply, 218–220; text of White House announcement, 218
- Sept. 12, proclamation 2423 covering equipment,
manufacturing processes, plans, etc., for aviation
gasoline, tetraethyl lead, and airplane engines:
Amendment (Mar. 4, 1941),
255; text, 220–221; White House announcement, Sept. 13, 221–222
- Sept. 30,
regulations amending proclamation 2417 of July 26 to
include all grades of iron and steel scrap:
Additional amendment (Mar. 4,
1941), 255;
Japanese protest against discrimination and U. S.
reply, 115, 223–228, 229; text,
223; White House
announcement and notice of restriction of licenses
to Western Hemisphere and Great Britain, 222–223
- Oct. 15, issuance of
Executive Order 8567
governing requisition by Army and Navy of equipment,
munitions, machinery, machine tools, etc.:
Announcement by White House, 228–229;
Japanese representations and protests against denial
of export licenses for machine tools, and U. S.
replies, 229–232, 235
- Dec. 10, proclamation 2449 covering iron ore, pig
iron, ferro alloys, and certain iron and steel
manufactures and semi-manufactures:
- Announcement by White House and notice of
restriction of licenses to Western Hemisphere and
British Empire, 232
- Japanese protest against discrimination, and
U. S. reply, 237–238
- Regulations (E. O. 8607), 233–235; additional regulations
(E. O. 8669, Feb. 4, 1941),
243–248
- Text, 232–233
- Dec. 20, proclamation 2451 covering bromine,
ethylene, cobalt, and other materials; certain
machinery; equipment and plans for production of
‘aviation lubricating oil: Amendment (Mar. 4, 1941), 255; text, 236
- 1941, extension of
export control and ultimate freezing of Japanese assets:
- Jan. 10, proclamation 2453 covering copper, brass and
bronze, zinc, nickel, and potash: Regulations (E. O.
8631), 239–240; text, 238
- Jan. 29, general
regulations regarding affidavits for export of
certain products to other than British Empire
destinations, 241
- Feb. 4:
- Executive Order 8669
prescribing additional regulations governing
proclamation 2449 of Dec. 10, 1940, 243–248
- Proclamation 2456
covering well and refining machinery, radium,
uranium, calf and kip skins: Regulations (E. O.
8668), 242–243; text, 241–242
- Feb. 25, proclamations:
- 2460, covering
belladonna, atropine, sole leather and belting
leather: Regulations (E. O. 8693), 249–250; text, 248–249
- 2461, covering
beryllium, graphite electrodes, and aircraft pilot
trainers: Regulations (E. O. 8694), 251–252; text, 250–251
- Mar. 4, proclamations:
- 2463, covering
cadmium, carbon black, coconut oil, fatty acids,
shellac, etc.: Amendment (Mar.
27), 259;
regulations (E. O. 8702),
255–257; text, 252–253
- 2464, covering jute,
lead, borax, and phosphate: Regulations (E. O. 8703), 257–258; text,
253–254
- 2465, covering plans,
specifications, and technical information for use
in producing any articles under export control,
254–255
- Mar. 27, proclamation 2468, covering animal, fish,
and vegetable oils; fatty acids; nylon, kapok;
certain chemicals, etc.; text, 258–260
- Apr. 14, proclamations:
- 2475, covering
machinery, text, 260
- 2476, covering
vegetable fibers and manufactures, theobromine,
caffein, sodium cyanide, calcium cyanide, and
casein, text, 261
- May 28, proclamation 2488, extending export control
to the Philippines: Announcement by Department of
State, 261–262; text, 262–263
- July, delay in transit of
Japanese shipping through Panama Canal, 263–264
- July 26,
Executive Order 8832 freezing
Chinese and Japanese assets in the United States:
- Announcement by White House, 266–267
- Japanese shipping, effect on: Arrangements
regarding cargoes and clearances of Japanese
vessels in American ports, 266, 267–272, 537–538;
immunity from court proceedings for vessels
requisitioned by Japanese Government, Japanese
request and U. S. consent, 272–273
- Text, 267
- Economic questions. See
Economic measures by the United States; also under
Conversations, subjects.
- Embargoes. See
Economic measures.
- Encirclement, Japanese allegation of, 319,
340, 366, 380, 501, 508, 520–521, 523, 547–548, 551, 557, 696, 720, 753, 772, 788
- European situation. See
Axis powers; Conversations,
subjects: European war; and under
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941.
- Export control. See
Economic measures: 1940, 1941.
- Extraterritoriality, 17
- France (see also
French Indochina; Growing
tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
European situation), Japanese non-recognition of
French claim to Spratly Islands group, and Japanese annexation thereof, 4–5, 277–281, 387
- Freezing of Japanese and Chinese assets in the United States. See
Economic measures: 1941: July 26; and
under
Conversations, subjects: Economic questions: Economic measures by the
United States.
- French Indochina. See under
Conversations, subjects
and under
Southward advance of Japan; see
also
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
Southward advance of Japan.
- Germany (see also
Axis powers; Conversations,
subjects: European war; Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
European situation; Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics): Influence in Japan, 326, 356, 530, 603, 630, 680, 686; U. S. attitude toward Nazi aggression, 116, 173–181, 404–405, 414, 415, 430–432, 465, 510, 515, 519, 524, 530, 741, 752–753, 754–755
- Good-neighbor policy of the United States, 395, 397, 404, 408, 414, 437, 482, 508
- Good offices (see also
Conversations, subjects: China: Action toward a peaceful
settlement: Negotiations, question of U. S.
good offices), 70
- Great Britain (see also
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
European situation): Economic restrictions on
exports, U. S. nonimposition on shipments to Great Britain, 218, 222–223, 232, 241; Japanese attitude, 3–4, 147,
308, 712–713, 732, 792; military alliance with Soviet Union,
possibility of, 2; U. S. aid in resisting Axis
aggression, 138–139,
146, 147, 334–335, 366, 368, 376, 427, 429, 505, 519, 754, 755, 775
- Greenland, U. S. action in, 284, 406
- Greer incident, 609,
613
- Grew, Joseph C. (Ambassador):
- Addresses before America-Japan Society, Tokyo:
- Report of rumored plans of Japanese for surprise attack on Pearl
Harbor, 133
- Roosevelt-Konoye meeting, proposed, views concerning, 564–565, 645–650
- Warning to Department of State regarding Embassy’s inability to
give advance notification of possible Japanese military action, 743–744
- Growing tension between the United States and Japan arising
from Japanese military aggression, 1–149, 172, 204–210, 225, 226, 292, 319
- 1939, 1–52, 90, 91
- Address by Ambassador Grew before
America-Japan Society, Oct. 19,
reporting American public opinion with regard to the Far
Eastern situation:
- Foreign Office comment, 29–30
- Text, 19–29; omitted portions, oral
presentation to Foreign Minister, 32
- China questions:
- American treaty rights and equality of commercial
opportunity in occupied China, Japanese
interference:
- Currencies and exchange control, 39, 48, 52
- Monopolies, 33,
41, 48, 52
- Shipments of wood oil and embroidery, 41, 47–48
- U. S. requests for Japanese implementation
of assurances regarding maintenance of open door
and noninterference with American rights, 3, 32, 33, 37–38, 39; Japanese
attitude, 3–4, 33, 36–37, 39, 40–41, 42, 44–45
- Yangtze River, question of reopening to
navigation, 30, 33, 50–51
- Bombing of civilians by the Japanese and military
operations endangering American lives and interests
in China: Japanese attitude, 5, 41, 42, 44, 46, 49; U. S. representations
and views, 3, 32, 33, 47; warning
by Japan concerning danger from military operations
in Kwangtung, 5
- International settlements in occupied China,
Japanese attitude, 3, 49
- Naval vessels and troops of European belligerents.
See under
European situation, infra.
- Wang Ching-wei regime, proposed
establishment, 34–35, 35–36, 38, 45
- Commercial treaty between the United States and Japan (1911), U. S. abrogation, effective
Jan. 25, 1940, and possible
imposition of embargo against Japan, 30–31, 32–33,
41, 43, 51
- Efforts to restore good relations between the United
States and Japan (see also
Address by Ambassador Grew, supra):
- Conversation between retiring Japanese Counselor
of Embassy and Secretary Hull, Aug. 30, 8–9; between Japanese Foreign
Minister and American Chargé, 15
- Informal exploratory conversations between—
- Ambassador Grew and Japanese Foreign
Minister, 31–34, 40–43, 48–52; views and instructions of Department of
State, 47
- Embassy and Foreign Office officials in
Tokyo, 42, 43–46; views and instructions of Department of
State, 47
- Secretary Hull and Ambassador Horinouchi,
36–39, 43–44
- European situation, effect in the Far East:
- Anglo-Soviet military alliance, Japanese
apprehension over possibility of, 2
- Message from Prime Minister Hiranuma to Secretary
Hull suggesting efforts to prevent outbreak of
European war: Cited, 90,
91; text and reply,
1, 5–8
- Naval vessels and troops of European
belligerents in occupied China, “friendly advice” of
Japan for withdrawal: Japanese note, Sept. 5, and explanations, 9–10, 14, 15, 15–16, 18, 19; U. S. disapproval and representations,
11–14, 16–19
- Noninvolvement policy of Japan (see also
Naval vessels and troops of
European belligerents, supra), 2, 9, 10, 15, 16, 52
- Tripartite Pact between Germany, Italy, and Japan,
preliminaries, 2, 2–3
- Southward advance of Japan, denial of territorial designs
on South Seas and Philippines, 4–5
- 1940, 53–130, 172, 204–210, 225,
226, 292, 319
- Address by Under Secretary Welles at Cleveland, Sept. 28, on U. S. policy in the Far
East, 112–114
- China questions:
- American treaty rights and equality of opportunity
in occupied China, Japanese interference:
- Currencies, exchange control, and
monopolies, 63, 75–76
- U. S. representations and requests for
Japanese implementation of assurances regarding
maintenance of open door and noninterference with
American rights, 54,
63, 69, 75–76, 82, 226; Japanese attitude, 55, 59, 61, 62, 89
- Yangtze River, question of reopening to
navigation, 55
- Bombing by Japanese of civilians and American
property in China, 208–210
- Burma Road, statement by Secretary Hull (July 16) concerning temporary
closing, 101
- Chinese Government at Chungking:
- Continued U. S. recognition and aid, 60, 94–95, 99, 101; Japanese objections, 59, 62, 80, 93, 94–95
- Negotiations between Japan and Chiang
Kai-shek, exploration by Japanese Foreign Minister
of possibility of U. S. good offices, 70
- Statement declaring Wang Ching-wei regime
illegal and treaty with Japan of Nov. 30 invalid, 122–123
- International settlements in occupied China, U. S.
desire for Japanese assurances of respect for
integrity of, 80–81
- Naval vessels and troops of European belligerents.
See under
European situation, infra.
- Wang Ching-wei regime:
- Chinese Government at Chungking, statement
declaring Wang Ching-wei regime illegal and treaty
of Nov. 30 with Japan
invalid, 122–123
- Japanese views and official statements, 56–57, 60–61, 127
- Treaty and agreements with Japan, signed Nov. 30: Basic relations,
treaty concerning, annexed protocol, and agreed
terms of understanding concerning protocol, texts,
117–121; joint declaration by
Japan, “Manchukuo”, and Wang Ching-wei regime
concerning [Page 811] new order in East Asia, text, 122; statement by Chinese
Government at Chungking declaring treaty invalid,
122–123
- U. S. refusal to recognize: Attitude
preliminary to establishment, 53, 54;
statement by Secretary Hull, Mar. 30, and comments of Japanese Foreign
Office, 59–60, 61–62
- Commercial relations, U. S.-Japan:
- Embargoes against Japan, U. S.: Aviation gasoline
and manufacturing processes, Japanese protest
against nonfulfillment of private contract, and U.
S. attitude, 53–54, 54–55, 204–210; scrap iron and steel, 115; total embargo,
Japanese views on possible imposition of, 58, 114, 172, 225, 319
- Remarks by Ambassador Grew, 95–99
- Treaty, question of conclusion of a new treaty or
modus vivendi, 55, 63, 70, 79, 88, 98–99
- Efforts to restore good relations between the United
States and Japan:
- Admiral Nomura (Appointed Ambassador), addresses
at America-Japan Society luncheon, Tokyo (Dec. 19), concerning his
mission and Japanese foreign policy in general:
Address of Foreign Minister Matsuoka, 123–128; remarks of Admiral Nomura, 128–129; response of Ambassador Grew, 129–130
- Informal exploratory conversations between
Ambassador Grew and Japanese Foreign Minister,
continuance of, 53, 62–65, 66, 67–76, 79–80, 81–87, 88–92, 94–100, 105
- U. S. policy, statement by Under Secretary Welles,
June 8, 66–67
- Views of Foreign Minister Matsuoka on world peace
and message to President Roosevelt, July 26, 104–106;
informal reply, 108
- European situation, effect in the Far East:
- Axis powers, Japanese relations with, 69, 88–89, 95, 126, 126–127; U. S. views, 100, 116
- Naval vessels and troops of European belligerents
in occupied China:
- Agreement for maintenance of peaceful status quo, 65–66, 80, 87–88; Japanese displeasure at initiative of
U. S. commander in securing, 78
- “Friendly advice” of Japan for withdrawal,
note of June 11, 77–78, 78
- Withdrawal of British forces at Shanghai and
Japanese dissent from proposed assignment of
British sectors to U. S. and Japanese forces, 111–112, 292
- Possessions and territories of
European belligerents in the Pacific, U. S. proposal
for exchange of notes with Japan regarding
maintenance of peaceful status
quo, 86–87, 88, 98, 100; Japanese
non-acceptance, 88, 90, 92
- Tripartite Pact between Germany, Italy, and Japan
(Sept. 27), 116, 126, 126–127
- Incident of July 7 at Shanghai,
correspondence between U. S. and Japanese commanders
regarding alleged mistreatment of Japanese gendarmes by U.
S. marines, 101–104, 106–108
- Japanese foreign and national policies: Official
statements, 55, 56–59,
92–94, 108–111; relations with the United
States, 55, 58–59, 62, 104–105, 126, 127–128, 128–129; war in China and establishment of a new
order in East Asia, 55, 56–57,
59, 93–94, 99, 108–111, 113, 116, 125–128; South Seas territories and
Southern Asia, 66, 69–70,
93–94, 97–98, 113
- Southward advance of Japan (see
also
European situation: Possessions and territories of European
belligerents, supra), 66, 69–70, 79, 93–94, 97–98,
113
- U. S. citizens, advice by Department of State for
withdrawal from the Far East, and Japanese concern, 114, 114–115
- War between the United States and Japan, possibility of:
Japanese views, 69–70, 105, 115, 126, 127; U. S. views, 115
- 1941 (see
also
Conversations), 131–149
- Bellicose attitude of Japan:
- Press campaign against the United States, 146–147
- Remarks of Foreign Minister Matsuoka, May 14, 145–146, 148
- Speech by Prime Minister Tojo, Nov. 30, 148–149; by
Foreign Minister Togo, Nov.
30, 149
- China questions: Action toward a peaceful
settlement between China and Japan, possibility of, 144; Japanese policy based on a
new order in East Asia, 132–133, 133–134, 135, 136, 140–141, 148–149; U. S. aid to
China, Japanese objections, 134,
148–149
- Economic measures by the United States affecting trade
with Japan (see also
Economic measures: 1941), 139, 142
- Efforts to restore good relations between the United
States and Japan, informal conversations between—
- Ambassador Grew and Foreign Minister Matsuoka,
143, 145–148
- Ambassador Steinhardt and Foreign Minister
Matsuoka, at Moscow, 143–145
- American Counselor of Embassy and Japanese Vice
Minister for Foreign Affairs, 137–143;
approval of Ambassador Grew, 138, 143
- President Roosevelt, Secretary Hull, and
Ambassador Nomura, proposed, 143
- European situation, attitudes of the United
States and Japan (see also
Statement by Secretary Hull, infra): Japanese collaboration with
Axis powers, and obligations under Tripartite Pact, 134, 135, 141, 145–146; U. S. aid to Great Britain, and Japanese
objections, 138–139, 145–146, 147, 148
- Southward advance of Japan, 132–133, 134, 136, 137–138, 139, 140–141, 142, 144, 146–147, 147, 148
- Statement by Secretary Hull on U. S. foreign
policy and relations with Japan, Jan.
15, 131–133; Japanese criticism and
denial of responsibility for crisis, 133–135
- War between the United States and Japan, possibility of:
- Japanese attitude, 134, 135, 136, 144, 145, 146; appeal to Japanese in
American territory to ignore propaganda designed to
prejudice Japanese-American relations, 136–137
- Report by Ambassador Grew of rumored Japanese
plans to attack Pearl Harbor, 133
- U. S. attitude, 137–138, 138–139, 141–142
- Hull, Cordell (Secretary of State):
- Letter to the Vice President, Jan. 8, 1938,
on U. S. policy in the Far East, cited, 82
- Statements:
- July 16, 1937, cited, 512
- Jan. 15, 1941, 131–133, 329–330; Japanese criticism and
denial of responsibility for crisis, 133–135
- Apr. 24, 1941, 430–432, 449–451
- Warning to War Council, Nov. 25, 26, 1941,
on critical nature of U. S. Japanese relations, 377–378
- Iceland, 284, 508,
532, 683
- Immigration, Japanese, 64, 97, 140, 171, 172, 196–197, 198, 283, 289, 304, 310, 394–395, 409, 424, 426, 453, 464, 764
- Indochina, French. See under
Conversations, subjects
and under
Southward advance of Japan; see
also
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
Southward advance of Japan.
- Iron and steel scrap, restrictions on export to Japan. See
Economic measures: 1940, 1941.
- Italy. See
Axis powers; Growing
tension: 1939, 1940, 1941:
European situation.
- Konoye, Prince Fumimaro (Prime Minister) (see also
Roosevelt-Konoye meeting in the Pacific,
proposed): Message to Ambassador Grew upon advent of Tojo cabinet, and
reply, 691–692;
principles relating to China, 35–36, 39, 56, 70, 333–334, 350, 419, 423, 429–430, 436, 439, 442, 448–449, 459, 460–461
- Kurusu, Saburo. See under
Conversations: Oct. 17–Nov. 19; see also
Conversations: Nov. 20–Dec. 1,
Dec. 2–7.
- Liutiaokow incident (Sept. 18, 1931), 136
- Loans to China, U. S., 59, 222, 326
- Machinery and machine tools, restrictions on export to Japan. See
Economic measures: 1940, 1941.
- “Manchukuo”, 122, 132, 186, 329, 334, 409, 423, 428, 429, 461
- Marco Polo Bridge incident (July 7, 1937), 134, 135, 136
- Matsuoka, Yosuke (Foreign Minister):
- Message to President Roosevelt on world peace, July 26, 1940, 104–106; informal reply, 108
- Visit to Berlin, Moscow, and Rome (1941),
143–145,
182–186,
311
- Minerals:
- Monroe Doctrine, cited, 176, 284, 287–288, 651, 666
- Moral embargo. See
Economic measures: 1938–1939.
- National security, radio address by President Roosevelt, Dec. 29, 1940, 173–181
- Netherlands East Indies. See under
Conversations, subjects
and under
Southward advance of Japan; see
also
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941. Southward
advance of Japan.
- Netherlands West Indies, 286
- Neutrality act, 201
- Nomura, Admiral Kichisaburo (Ambassador) (see also
Conversations between the Governments of the United
States and Japan):
- Addresses at America-Japan Society luncheon, Tokyo (Dec. 19, 1940) concerning mission of Admiral
Nomura and Japanese foreign policy in general: Address of Foreign
Minister Matsuoka, 123–128; remarks of Admiral Nomura, 128–129;
response of Ambassador Grew, 129–130
- Conversation with Rear Admiral Turner, Director of War Plans
Division of Navy Department, July 20, 1941,
on U. S.-Japanese relations, 516–520
- Oil. See
Petroleum products.
- Pacific area. See
Southward advance of Japan.
- Panama Canal, 263–264
- Peace. See under
Conversations, subjects.
- Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Attack by Japan, Dec. 7,
1941, 385, 786n; Japanese apprehensions concerning U. S.
fleet at Pearl Harbor, 69–70; rumored Japanese plans for attack on, 133
- Penetration by Japan into Southern Asia and South Pacific territories,
extension of. See
Southward advance of Japan.
- Petroleum products:
- Export to Japan:
- Restrictions, U. S. See
Economic measures.
- U. S. policy in permitting shipments in order to forestall
Japanese penetration into Netherlands East Indies, 139, 527–528; statement by
President Roosevelt, July 24, 1941,
264–265
- Shipments to Soviet Union, Japanese objections, 566–567, 568–569, 570, 572,
580, 581–582, 604
- Philippine Islands, 4–5, 64, 144, 261–263,
283, 317, 318, 340, 341, 342, 344, 345, 453, 464, 772
- Red Cross supplies in French Indochina, U. S. representations against
refusal of authorities to grant reexport permits, 300
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (President):
- Addresses:
- Dec. 29, 1940, national security
and the United States as the arsenal of democracy, 173–181
- July 24, 1941, remarks on U. S.
policy of permitting petroleum shipments to Japan in order
to forestall Japanese penetration into Netherlands East
Indies, 264–265, 527–528
- Atlantic conference, 345, 588, 718
- Meeting with Prime Minister Konoye, proposed. See
Roosevelt-Konoye meeting.
- Message to Congress, Dec. 8, 1941, asking
for declaration of existence of a state of war with Japan, 793–794
- Message to Emperor Hirohito, Dec. 6, 1941,
379, 784–786; reply, 385
- Proclamations and executive orders relating to export control. See
Economic measures: 1940, 1941.
- Statement, Dec. 2, 1939, concerning moral
embargo, 202
- Roosevelt-Konoye meeting in the Pacific, proposed:
- Advancement of suggestion by Japanese:
- Discussions, 344, 346–347, 425, 550, 551, 553, 555, 557, 559–564
- Message from Prime Minister Konoye to President Roosevelt,
346–347, 572–573; President Roosevelt’s reply,
347–348, 591–592
- U. S. views, 344, 557–559, 571, 591–592
- Arrangements, discussions: Insistence of the Japanese on necessity
of early meeting date, 349, 568, 569,
571, 573, 576, 580–581, 587, 603–604, 605–606, 609,
619, 620, 622, 625, 632, 636, 642–645, 651–654, 679;
participation of Japanese army and navy officers, 352, 576,
605, 644, 654; President Roosevelt’s
preference for Juneau rather than Honolulu, 571, 572, 576; publicity, question of, 576, 584,
586–587,
592, 594–595, 596, 607
- Japanese requests for suspension of—
- Personal support by Ambassador Grew, 564–565, 645–650
- Secrecy of plans, Japanese desire for, 346, 351, 560, 564,
569, 579–580, 584, 586,
587, 603–604, 609, 631; U.
S. views, 582–583, 586, 607
- U. S. insistence on reaching prior agreement in principle on
fundamental questions: Discussions, 347–348, 352–353, 576–579, 584, 588–592, 607,
625, 654–656, 663, 673;
Japanese views, 380–381, 581–582, 626–627, 678,
788; opinion of Ambassador Grew,
645–650
- Scrap iron and steel, U. S. restrictions on export. See
Economic measures: 1940, 1941.
- Shanghai incident of July 7, 1940, involving U.S.
marines and Japanese gendarmes, 101–104, 106–108
- Shipping:
- Japanese vessels:
- Delay in permission for transiting Panama Canal, 263–264
- Effect of U.S. freezing order of July
26, 1941: Arrangements regarding cargoes and
clearance of vessels in American ports, 266, 267–272, 537–538; immunity from court proceedings for vessels
requisitioned by Japanese Government, Japanese request and
U.S. consent, 272–273
- U. S. Government-owned vessels, prohibition against transport of
arms, ammunition, or implements of war to China or Japan, 201
- Southward advance of Japan (see also
under
Conversations, subjects
and under
Growing tension: 1939, 1940, 1941), extension of military penetration
into Southern Asia and South Pacific territories, 4–5, 69,
97–98, 113, 139, 142, 144, 264–265, 277–322, 327, 387, 527–528
- French Indochina (see also
under
Conversations, subjects), Japanese
aggression and interference with American rights and interests:
- American-owned merchandise, interference with reexport of,
and confiscation by French and Japanese authorities, U.S.
representations, 298–300, 302, 308, 312–313, 315; Japanese
attitude, 301–302, 303, 313–315
- Demands and ultimatums upon Indochina by Japan:
- Issuance, 289–290, 290, 291–292, 294, 322
- U. S. representations, 289–290, 291–292, 293, 294–295, 296–297; Japanese attitude and
replies, 290, 292–293, 293–294, 295–296
- Mediation by Japan of boundary dispute between Indochina
and Thailand, 142, 144, 306
- Treaties between Japanese and Vichy
governments:
- Aug. 30, 1940, 295–296, 309, 318
- July 21, 1941, regarding
joint protection of Indochina: Japanese views, 317, 318, 318–320, 320; U. S. attitude, 317–318, 320, 320–321
- Netherlands East Indies (see also under
Conversations, subjects):
- Economic arrangements with Japan:
- Export by Japan to Germany of Netherlands East
Indies raw materials in exchange for war planes,
proposed, 311
- Negotiations regarding Japanese trade,
enterprises, and immigration, 97–98, 142, 289, 304, 305, 306, 307, 319, 327; obstructive attitude of Netherlands,
304, 305, 307
- Oil export agreement, Nov. 12,
1940, 297–298, 306
- Intervention by France or Great Britain, Japanese
attitude, 287
- Maintenance of the status quo,
statements and declarations concerning:
- Japanese assurances, 281, 287, 288; action in Japan and
statements of a contradictory nature, 287, 288, 303–307
- Secretary Hull, views, 113, 281–282, 283–284, 285, 287, 290, 291, 315–317
- Petroleum shipments to Japan by the United States in order
to forestall Japanese penetration into the Netherlands East
Indies: Discussions, 139, 527–528; statement by President Roosevelt, July 24, 1941, 264–265
- Oceania, Japanese policy, 309–310
- Singapore, Japanese attitude: Apprehension of British defensive
measures, 308–309; denial of rumored intention to attack, 311
- Spratly (Sinnan) Islands group, annexation by Japan, Mar. 30, 1939, and refusal to acknowledge
French claim, 4–5, 277–280; U. S. attitude, 280–281, 387
- Thailand (see also
Conversations, subjects: French Indochina and Thailand): Mediation
by Japan of boundary dispute between French Indochina and Thailand,
142, 144, 306; nonaggression agreement
with Japan, June 12, 1940, 69, 301
- Spratly (Sinnan) Islands group, annexation by Japan, Mar. 30, 1939, and refusal to acknowledge French claim, 4–5, 277–280; U. S.
attitude, 280–281,
387
- Thailand. See under
Southward advance of Japan.
- Tojo, General Hideki (Prime Minister), speech, Nov. 30,
1941, 376–377, 772–774, 777–778
- Trade. See
Economic questions.
- Treaties, agreements, etc.
- Anti-Comintern Pact. See under
Axis powers.
- Commercial treaty, U. S.-Japan (1911). See
Commercial treaty.
- Franco-Japanese agreement respecting integrity of China (1907), cited, 296
- French Indochina, Japanese treaties with Vichy government
concerning. See
Southward advance of Japan: French Indochina: Treaties.
- Nonaggression agreements. See under
Conversations, subjects; under
Southward advance of Japan: Thailand; and under
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics.
- Tripartite Pact. See under
Axis powers.
- Wang Ching-wei regime-Japan. See
Growing tension: 1940:
Wang Ching-wei regime: Treaty.
- Washington Conference treaties relating to China, cited, 55, 132, 329, 754,
764, 791
- Tripartite Pact. See under
Axis powers.
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (see
also under
Conversations, subjects):
- Anglo-SoViet military alliance, Japanese apprehension over
possibility of, 2
- Anti-Comintern Pact, not directed against, 157
- Attack by Germany, U. S. confidential information to Soviet
Ambassador, 328
- Nonaggression agreement with—
- Germany (Aug. 23, 1939), cited,
38, 44, 116, 325, 515, 744
- Japan (Apr. 14, 1941): Cited, 406, 515, 567, 568, 569, 575, 581, 733; preliminaries, 135, 170, 185, 325; signature at Moscow and issuance of
declaration concerning integrity of “Manchukuo” border, 186
- Tripartite Pact, not directed against, 167
- Universal Oil Co. contract, Japanese protests against breach of, and U. S.
attitude, 53–54, 54–55, 204–210
- U. S. citizens in the Far East, advice by Department of State for
withdrawal (1940), and Japanese concern, 114, 114–115
- U. S. Congress, declaration of a state of war with Japan: Message from
President Roosevelt, Dec. 8, 1941, 793–794; text of
joint resolution, Dec. 8, 795
- U. S. foreign policy:
- Attitude toward aggression: Aid to countries resisting aggression,
138–139,
348, 366, 368, 427, 429, 431, 505,
558, 567, 612, 754–755, 775, 791;
general, 116, 173–181, 404–405, 414, 415,
430–432,
449–451,
465, 483, 510, 515, 519, 524, 530,
741, 752–753, 754–755
- Good-neighbor policy, 395, 397, 404,
408, 414, 437, 482, 508
- Japan. See
Axis powers, relations of Japan; Commercial treaty between the United States and
Japan, U. S. abrogation; Conversations; Economic measures by
the United States affecting trade with Japan; Growing tension; Southward advance of Japan.
- Principles of international relations, 25–27, 113, 131–132, 190–192, 282,
332, 349–350, 372, 373,
390–391,
390–397,
404, 407–409, 414, 417–418, 512,
538–539,
541–546,
566, 590, 658, 734–736, 766–767, 782
- Self-defense, 337, 338, 339,
354–355,
413, 414, 418, 425–426, 427, 429,
430–432,
433, 438–439, 440, 449–451, 452,
456–459,
465, 469, 478–479, 483, 485, 505,
508, 509–510, 515–516, 519, 602,
674, 683, 714, 715, 741, 752
- Statements by–
- President Roosevelt: Dec. 2, 1939,
202; Dec.
29, 1940, 173–181; July 24,
1941, 264–265
- Secretary Hull: July 16, 1937, 512; Jan. 8,
1938, 82; Jan. 15, 1941, 131–133, 329–330; Apr. 24, 1941, 430–432, 449–451
- Under Secretary Welles: June 8,
1940, 66–67; Sept 28,
1940, 112–114; July 24,
1941, 315–317, 341; Aug. 2, 1941, 320–321
- U. S. marines in Shanghai, conflict with Japanese gendarmes, July 7, 1940, 101–104, 106–108
- Vichy government. See
Southward advance of Japan: French Indochina: Treaties.
- Wang Ching-wei regime (see also under
Growing tension: 1939, 1940:
China questions), 334,
350–351, 384, 391, 393, 439, 460, 481, 765, 791–792
- War between Japan and the United States. See under
Conversations: Dec. 2–7; under
Conversations, subjects; and
under
Growing tension: 1940, 1941.
- Welles, Sumner (Under Secretary of State):
- Address at Cleveland, Sept. 28, 1940, on U.
S. policy in the Far East, 112–114
- Statements to the press: June 8, 1940,
cited, 66–67;
July 24, 1941, 315–317, 341; Aug. 2, 1941,
320–321
- Western Hemisphere ports, equality of access for all nations, 18, 287–288, 414, 689