861.00/3619: Telegram
The Chargé in Russia ( Poole ) to the Acting Secretary of State
[Received January 10, 10:34 p.m.]
736. The general impression obtained of the enemy from operations reported Embassy’s 720, January 3rd, 3 p.m. is some increase [Page 605] in his number and a certain improvement in discipline, organization, and morale, although his continued marked inferiority to American troops is shown by the success of the latter in driving five times their number from a prepared position. Below is summarized a report of conversations with Bolsheviki prisoners by Doolittle, who accompanied the American column during this attack:
“Prisoners were well fed and clothed, uniform better suited to Russian conditions than that of Allies. Had received 300 roubles monthly pay. Were from a mobilized or conscript regiment officered by about 75 men, for the most part former non-commissioned officers in the imperial armies. Bearing of leaders among men comradely, no marked distinctions of rank and file, but orders emanating from staff strictly carried out and no meetings allowed at the front. One had been attempted a few days previously but was broken up with machine guns. Mobilization being carried out in northern provinces, ages 16 to 48, with a view to forming army of 200,000 of this front. Rumor widespread that a general attack will be made about Easter, which will aim to cut communication between Murman and Archangel forces and crush latter. Prisoners evinced faith in their leaders and had generally confident tone. Bolsheviki carry on strong, well-directed propaganda among own troops as well as endeavoring to influence Allied forces.”
It is understood that former Russian war prisoners returning from Germany are offered large pay serve in Red armies, also being forced in. Only small number have so far been able to elude the Bolsheviki and reach their homes inside of Allied lines in this region.
To Paris as well.