Historical Documents - Office of the Historian

Aaron, David L., Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Abdulilah, Syed, Vice President of Afghanistan from February 1978 until April 1978
Acheson, Dean G., Secretary of State from 1949 until 1953
al-Asad (Assad), Hafez, President of Syria
al-Sadat, Anwar, President of Egypt
Amin, Hafizullah, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs from May 1978 until July 1979; Prime Minister after July 1979; and President and Prime Minister of Afghanistan from September 1979 until his assassination in December 1979
Amstutz, J. Bruce, Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Kabul; Chargé d’Affaires ad interim in Kabul from February 1979 to February 1980
Andropov, Yury, Chairman of the Soviet Committee for State Security (KGB)
Arbatov, Georgiy, Director, Institute of U.S. and Canadian Studies, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow
Arif, K.M., Lieutenant General, Chief, Pakistani Martial Law Administration Staff
Azzam, Salim, Director, Islamic Conference of Europe

Baker, Howard, Senator (R–Tennessee), Senate Minority Leader from March 1980 until January 1981
Baraz, Robert, Director, Office of Research and Analysis for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
Barre, Mohamed Siad, President of Somalia
Barre, Raymond, Prime Minister of France
Barry, Robert L., Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs
Bartholomew, Reginald H., Deputy Director, Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, Department of State, from January until November 1977; member, USSR/East Europe Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from November 1977 until April 1979; Director, Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, Department of State, from July 1979
Bazargan, Mehdi, Prime Minister of Iran from February 1979 until November 1979
Bell, Griffin, U.S. Attorney General from January 26, 1977, until July 19, 1979
Bergland, Robert, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
Bessmertnykh, Alexander A., Counselor at the Soviet Embassy in Washington
Biao, Geng, Chinese Vice Premier
Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali, Pakistani Prime Minister until July 1977; tried and executed in April 1979
Blackwill, Robert, member, West Europe Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from September 1979 until January 1981
Blood, Archer, Acting Chargé d’Affaires ad interim, U.S. Embassy in Kabul from October 1979 until November 1979
Bloomfield, Lincoln P., member, Global Issues Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from June 1979 until August 1980
Borel, Dominique, Representative to the Asian Subcontinent for the International Committee of the Red Cross
Bowdler, William G., Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from April 1978 until December 1979
Brement, Marshall, member, USSR/East Europe Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from May 1979 until January 1981
Brezhnev, Leonid I., General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Brown, Harold, Secretary of Defense
Brzezinski, Zbigniew K., President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs
Byrd, Robert C., Senator (D–West Virginia); Senate Majority Leader

Carlucci, Frank C., Deputy Director of Central Intelligence from February 1978
Carrington, Lord (Peter Alexander Carrington), Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs of the United Kingdom from May 1979
Carter, J. Hodding, III, Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs and Department of State Spokesman from March 1977 until June 1980
Carter, James Earl, Jr. (Jimmy), President of the United States
Chai, Zemin, Chinese Ambassador to the United State from March 1979
Christopher, Warren M., Deputy Secretary of State from February 1977
Church, Frank, Senator (D-Idaho), Chairman, Senate Foreign Relations Committee from January 1979 until January 1981
Clarke, Bruce, Director, National Foreign Assessment Center
Clifford, Clark M., President’s Special Emissary to Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, and India during the Carter administration
Cogan, Charles, Chief, Near Eastern and South Asia Division, Directorate of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
Constable, Peter D., Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Islamabad from 1976 until 1979; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs from July 1979
Coon, Jane, Country Director, Office of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh Affairs, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs until May 1979; Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs from July 1979
Cossiga, Francesco, Italian Prime Minister from August 1979 until October 1980
Cutler, Lloyd N., White House Counsel from October 1979

Daoud Khan, Mohammad, President of the Republic of Afghanistan until his assassination in April 1978
De Leusse, Baron Bruno, French Ambassador to the Soviet Union until 1979
Denend, Leslie G., Special Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs from January 1980 until January 1981
Deng Xiaoping (Teng Hsiao-p’ing), Vice Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
Desai, Morarji, Indian Prime Minister from March 1977 until July 1979
Dobrynin, Anatoliy, Soviet Ambassador to the United States
Dodson, Christine, Staff Secretary, National Security Council
Donovan, Hedley, Senior Adviser to the President
Dost, Shah Mohammed, Afghan Deputy Foreign Minister until December 1979; thereafter Foreign Minister
Dubs, Adolph (Spike), U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan from July 1978 until his murder on February 14, 1979

Eizenstat, Stuart E., President’s Assistant for Domestic Affairs and Policy
Eliot, Theodore L., Jr., U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan until June 1978

Fahd bin Abdul Aziz al-Saud, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
Francois-Poncet, Jean, French Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1978 until 1981
Ford, Gerald R., President of the United States from 1974 until January 1977

Gaffney, Henry H., Director, Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Office of the Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, Department of Defense
Gailani, Syed Ahmad, leader of the National Front for Islamic Revolution of Afghanistan
Gandhi, Indira, Indian Prime Minister from July 1980
Garrison, Mark J., Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Moscow
Gates, Robert M., Special Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs from April until December 1979; Director, Strategic Evaluation Center, Office of Strategic Research, Central Intelligence Agency, from late December 1979 until January 1980; thereafter, Executive Assistant to Director of Central Intelligence Turner
Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, West German Vice-Chancellor and Foreign Minister
Ghotbzadeh, Sadegh, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Iran from November 1979 until August 1980
Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry, President of France
Gregg, Donald, member, Intelligence Coordination Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from June 1979 until January 1981; East China/China Cluster from January 1980 until January 1981
Griffith, William E., Special Adviser on Soviet Affairs to Zbigniew Brzezinski
Gromyko, Andrei A., Soviet Foreign Minister
Gulabzoi, Sayed Mohammed, Afghan Minister of Communications until September 1979; Minister of Internal Affairs from December 1979

Harriman, W. Averell, Special Adviser to President Carter
Hart, Gary, Senator (D–Colorado)
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin, leader of Hezbe-i-Islami Afghanistan, Afghan insurgent group
Henze, Paul, member, Intelligence Coordination Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from January 1977 until December 1980
Hornblow, Michael, Country Officer, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asia Affairs, Department of State
Hoskinson, Samuel, member, Intelligence Coordination Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from January 1977 until May 1979
Hua Guofeng (Hua Kuo-Feng), Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party
Hummel, Arthur W., Jr., Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs until March 1977; U.S. Ambassador to Pakistan from June 1977 until July 1981

Inderfurth, Karl F. (Rick), Special Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs from January 1977 until April 1979

Javits, Jacob K., Senator (R-New York)
Jones, David C., General, USAF, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from June 1978
Jordan, Hamilton, Assistant to the President from 1977 until 1979; White House Chief of Staff from July 1979 until June 1980

Karmal, Babrak, President of Afghanistan from December 1979
Kennan, George F., historian; Director, Policy Planning Staff and Counselor, Department of State during the Truman administration; U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union during 1952; U.S. Ambassador to Yugoslavia fron 1961 until 1963
Khalid Ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
Khan, Akhtar Abdul Rahman, Lieutenant General, Director General of the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate from June 1979
Khan, Yaqub, Pakistani Ambassador to the United States until January 1979
Khan, Sultan Muhammed, Pakistani Ambassador to the United States from January 1979 until December 1980
Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, Supreme Leader of Iran from December 1979
King, Barrington, Charge d’Affaires, U.S. Embassy in Islamabad until January 1980
Kishtmand, Sultan Ali, Afghan Minister of Planning from December 1979
Kissinger, Henry A., Secretary of State until January 1977
Komer, Robert W., Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from October 1979
Korniyenko, Georgy M., Soviet First Deputy Foreign Minister
Kosygin, Aleksey N., Chair (Premier) of the Soviet Council of Ministers until 1980; Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Kreisberg, Paul H., Deputy Director, Policy Planning Staff, Department of State
Kux, Dennis, Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State

Larrabee, F. Stephen, member, USSR/East Europe Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from September 1978 until January 1981
Lehman, Richard, National Intelligence Officer for Warning, Central Intelligence Agency
Lugar, Richard G., Senator (R–Indiana); member, Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Luns, Joseph, Secretary-General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

MacEachin, Douglas, Director of the Strategic Warning Staff, Central Intelligence Agency
Malikyar, Abdullah, Afghan Ambassador to the United States until 1978
Mark, David E., Deputy Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
Mazdooryar, Sher Jan, Afghan Minister of Foreign Affairs from April 1979 until September 1979; Minister of Transportation and Tourism from January 1980
McHenry, Donald F., Permanent Representative to the United Nations from September 1979 until January 1981
McIntyre, James T., Jr., Director, Office of Management and Budget
McMahon, John, Deputy Director of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
Mills, Hawthorne, Charge d’Affaires ad interim, U.S. Embassy in Kabul from February 1980
Mojaddedi, Sibghatullah al-, Chairman of the Afghan National Liberation Front
Mondale, Walter F. (Fritz), Vice President of the United States
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, Senator (D–New York), member, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
Mubarak, Hosni, Vice President of Egypt
Murphy, Daniel J., Admiral, USN; Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from 1977 until 1980
Murray, Robert J., Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
Muskie, Edmund S., Secretary of State from May 1980

Newsom, David D., Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs from April 1978
Nimetz, Matthew, Counselor of the Department of State from March 1977 until March 1980; Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science, and Technology from February 1980 until December 1980
Nur, Ahmed Nur, Member of the Afghan Politburo from January 1980
Nye, Joseph S., Jr., Deputy Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology from 1977 until 1979

Odom, William E., Lieutenant General, USA; Military Assistant to the President’s Assistant for National Security Affairs
Ohira, Masayoshi, Prime Minister of Japan from December 1978 until June 1980
Oksenberg, Michael, member, East/China Cluster, National Security Council Staff, January 1977 until February 1980
Owen, Henry D., member, International Economics Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from October 1977 until January 1981; also Special Representative for Economic Summits from October 1978 until January 1981

Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza, Shah of Iran until February 1979
Parris, Mark R., Special Assistant, Bureau of European Affairs, Department of State
Pastor, Robert, member, Latin American/Caribbean Cluster, North/South Cluster, National Security Council Staff
Pavlovskiy, I.G., General, Deputy Chief of the Soviet General Staff and Commander of Soviet Ground Forces
Peck, Robert, Director, Office of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh, Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Department of State
Pell, Claiborne, Senator (D–Rhode Island); Chairman, Senate Rules Committee
Percy, Charles H., Senator (R–Illinois); member, Senate Foreign Relations Committee
Powell, Joseph L., Jr. (Jody), White House Press Secretary
Puzanov, Alexander M., Soviet Ambassador to Afghanistan until November 1979

Qader, Abdul, Afghan military commander from December 1979
Qotbzadeh, see Ghotbzadeh

Reagan, Ronald W., Republican Presidential nominee, 1980; President of the United States from January 1981
Reinhardt, John, Director of the U.S. Information Agency (renamed the International Communication Agency on April 1, 1978) from March 1977 until August 1980
Riaz Khan, Mohammad, Major General, Director of the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate until June 1979
Roy, J. Stapleton, Deputy Director, Office of People’s Republic of China and Mongolia Affairs, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Department of State from June 1978 until March 1979; Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Liaison Office in Beijing and Deputy Chief of Mission, U.S. Embassy in Beijing from March 1979

Sakharov, Andrei, Soviet physicist and dissident; recipient, 1975 Nobel Peace Prize
Saunders, Harold H., Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, until April 1978; thereafter, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs until January 1981
Schecter, Jerrold, White House Press Officer and Associate Press Secretary from January 1977 until February 1980
Schmidt, Helmut, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany
Schultze, Charles L., Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers
Shah of Iran, see Pahlavi
Shahi, Agha, Pakistani Foreign Minister from January 1978
Shahnawaz, Sardar, Pakistani Foreign Secretary until May 1980
Shulman, Marshall D., Special Adviser to the Secretary of State
Sick, Gary, member, Middle East/North Africa Cluster, National Security Council Staff
Slocombe, Walter, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Planning
Smith, William Y., General, USAF; Assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Sokolov, Marshal Sergey, Soviet First Deputy Minister of Defense and Chief Commander in Afghanistan
Spiers, Ronald I., Director, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State, from January 1980
Sullivan, Roger W., member, East Asia/China Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from February 1980 until January 1981
Sullivan, William H., Ambassador to Iran from June 1977 until April 1979

Taraki, Nur Muhammad, President of Afghanistan from April 1978 until September 1979
Tarnoff, Peter, Special Assistant to the Secretary of State and Executive Secretary, Department of State, from April 1977
Taroon, Sayed Daoud, Afghan Police Commandant
Thatcher, Margaret, British Prime Minister from May 1979
Thornton, Thomas P., member, South Asia/UN Matters, North/South Cluster, National Security Council Staff
Tito, Josip Broz, President of Yugoslavia until May 1980
Toon, Malcolm, U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union until October 1979
Truman, Harry S., President of the United States from 1945 to 1953
Turki al-Faisal, Prince, Director of the Saudi General Intelligence Directorate
Turner, Stansfield M., Admiral, USN; Director of Central Intelligence

Ustinov, Dmitri F., Soviet Defense Minister

Vajpayee, Atal Bihari, Indian Minister of External Affairs from March 1977 until July 1979
Van Hollen, Eliza, Chief Analyst for Afghanistan, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Department of State
Vance, Cyrus R., Secretary of State until April 1980
Vest, George S., Director, Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, Department of State, until March 1977; Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs from June 1977

Waheed, Abdullah, Afghan Minister of Foreign Affairs until April 1978
Waldheim, Kurt, United Nations Secretary-General
Wali, Shah, Minister of Public Health and Acting Minister of Planning until August 1979; Afghan Foreign Minister from August 1979 until December 1979
Watanjar, Mohammad Aslam, Afghan Minister of Internal Affairs until December 1979; Minister of Communications from January 1980
Watson, Thomas J., Jr., U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union from October 1979
Welch, Jasper, member, Defense Coordination Cluster, National Security Council Staff, from November 1979 until January 1981
West, John C., U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia from June 1977
Wolfowitz, Paul, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Regional Programs until 1980

Zablocki, Clement J., member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-Wisconsin), Chairman, House Committee on International Relations
Zahir Shah, Mohammed, King of Afghanistan from November 1933 until July 1973
Zhang Wenjin, Chinese Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs
Zia-ul-Haq, Mohammad, General, President of Pakistan from September 1978

Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977–1980, Volume XII, Afghanistan

Persons