Index

• Abu Dhabi, 483n
• Acheson, Dean, 170
• Adams, Gen. Paul D., 11, 20, 23–24, 27–29, 60, 77
• Afghanistan, 52, 150, 168, 169, 232, 335, 539
• Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers, 149, 150, 160
• Agency for International Development, 15, 78, 92, 93, 105, 124, 132, 243, 299, 333, 449, 499
  • Termination, 21–22, 154, 200, 333, 343–344, 413, 445, 450
• Agriculture (see also PL-480 programs under Economic situation), 48, 355–357, 396, 572–573
• Agriculture, Ministry of, 16
• AID. See Agency for International Development.
• Air forces, Iranian. See Aircraft under Military Assistance Program (MAP).
• Ajman, 483n
• Akins, James, 432, 451n , 465n , 542n , 566n
• Alam, Amir A., 372–373, 470, 496, 501–502, 518
• Albright, Raymond J., 501, 510n
• Algeria, 84, 149, 160
• Allen, George, 169, 195, 196
• Amer, Gen. (UAR), 335
• Amini, Ali, 123, 189, 192, 464–466, 469, 492
• Amir-Teimur, 482
• Amuzegar, 83, 182, 182, 187
• Anderson, Burnett, 152, 153
• Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, 341
• Ansari, Reza, 164
• Ansary, Hushang, 183, 361, 363n , 373, 376–377, 388–389, 392n , 421, 432–434, 461–462, 464, 466–468, 482, 504, 516, 518, 527, 535–536, 563, 574, 576
• Anthis, Gen. Rollen H., 152, 201
• Arab-Iranian relations (see also Arab threat to Iran), 136–137, 150, 203, 207–208, 249
• Arab-Israeli dispute (see also Six-Day War), 150, 416–417, 440, 496, 535
• Arab threat to Iran (see also Persian Gulf vulnerability), 14, 23n , 37–39, 67, 71, 72, 80–81, 107–108, 136–137, 144, 191–192, 207–208, 247–249, 333, 351, 486–487, 489–490, 513–514
• Aram, Abbas, 111, 112, 118, 120, 136, 165, 194, 196, 233–234, 266–268, 320
• Aramco, 451–452
• Aref, Marshal, 7
• Army Corps of Engineers, U.S., 348
• Army Mission in Iran (ARMISH), 35, 64, 65, 163, 292, 303, 352, 403, 404, 430, 488
• Arrill, Daniel, 94n , 98n
• Aryana, Gen., 236
• Ash, Gen., 64
• Austria, 150
• Ayub Khan, Muhammad, 150, 333, 409–410, 416, 426
• Azerbaijan, 169, 341
• Bahai sect, 127
• Bahrain, 162, 208, 467, 470, 479–480, 482, 513
• Ball, George W., 12–13, 31, 36–37, 40, 194, 261, 274–276, 324, 443
• Batmanglidj, 482
• Battle, Lucius D., 360, 362n , 370, 377–380, 421, 485n , 488, 501, 507, 509n , 516, 527, 542n
• Bell, David E., 22, 60, 152–154, 210, 291
• Benchley, 479
• Bergus, Donald C., 377n
• Bevan, Ernest, 169
• Bhutto, Zulfikar A., 200
• Blackburn, Adm., 352
• Bohlen, Charles E., 386, 387
• Bokharai, Mohamad, 127
• Borujerdi, Ayatollah, 122
• Bourguiba, Habib, 136
• Bowling, John W., 24n , 37n , 40n , 54n , 69n
• Bracken, Katherine W., 90n , 105–107, 122n , 164n , 174n , 214, 218n
• Brady, Tom, 472
• Bredin, Robert, 118
• Brewer, William D., 566n
• Brezhnev, Leonid I., 5, 14, 63
• Broadcasting stations, Arab, 107, 193, 476
• Brougham, 79
• Brown, George, 479
• Bruce, David K.E., 131n
• Bundy, McGeorge, 70n , 92, 93, 129, 130n , 182n , 201, 222n
• Byrnes, James Francis, 169
• Cameron, Turner C., 120
• Carroll, George, 299–300
• Carter, Chester C., 90n , 148–149, 360, 501
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 61–63, 66–68, 116–117, 154, 247–249, 366–367, 411
  • Anti-Iranian students, 365–366
  • Current Intelligence Memoranda:
    • OCI No. 1109/65, 141–142
    • OCI No. 1582/64, 61–63
  • Intelligence facilities in Iran, 52–53, 166–167, 172–179, 260–261, 521–522
  • Intelligence Memoranda:
    • No. 0813/66, 238–239
    • No. 1117/67, 380–384
    • No. 1355/66, 247–249
    • Special Report SC No. 00649/64C, 116–117
  • Shah, assessment of, 61–62, 141–142, 227–228, 238–239, 365–366, 380–384, 409–411, 440–441
  • Soviet threat to Iran, 63, 227–228, 381–382, 440
  • U.S.-Iranian relations, 238–239
• Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), 17, 51–52, 107, 131, 170, 341, 347
  • Criticisms of, 171, 332–333, 416
  • DELAWAR exercise, 11, 15, 29, 69
  • Ministerial Council session, 7, 133n
  • Non-aggression treaty between NATO and Warsaw Pact, 4–5, 11
  • Shah’s attitude, 143,169, 232, 332–333
• Chafik, Ahmad, 164
• Chapman, Christian George, 566n
• Chase, Gordon, 235n
• China, People’s Republic of, 150, 153, 168, 323, 327, 334, 409–410, 426
• Church, Frank, 413
• CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency.
• Clark, James W., 257n , 465, 486n
• Clevenger, Bill, 215
• Clifford, Clark M., 534, 543
• Common Market, 46
• Communism (see also Soviet Union; Soviet subheadings under other subjects; Tudeh (Communist) Party), 45, 62, 107, 149, 193, 321–323, 327–328, 331, 342, 383, 476
• Compagnie Francaise des Petroles (CFP), 452, 466, 480
• Congress, U.S., 361–365, 370–373, 395, 398, 435–436, 499, 504, 516, 558
• Consortium. See under Oil issues.
• Conway, Gen. Theodore J., 352–354
• Crawford, Franklin J., 218n , 252n , 274n
• Critchfield, James H., 244, 283–284, 360, 439–441, 486n , 487, 501
• Cross, Sam, 361
• Cyprus, 150, 203, 208
• Czechoslovakia, 353
• Daftari, Gen. Mohammad, 164, 187n
• Davies, Rodger P., 202, 235n , 291, 482
• Dayan, Gen. Moshe, 393
• De Gaulle, Charles, 329, 495, 573
• Defense, U.S. Department of, 93, 116, 153, 236, 360, 527
  • Diplomatic immunity for employees, 103–104, 108–110, 114–115
  • Oil issues, 577–578
• Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), 23n
• DELAWAR exercise, 11, 15, 29, 69
• Desalination, 397, 423
• Diba, Amir K., 164
• Diem, Ngo D., 196, 335
• Diluzio, Frank, 356
• Diplomatic immunity for U.S. employees of Defense Department, 103–104, 108–110, 114–115
• Domestic and civic action programs. See Reforms under Political situation.
• Dominican Republic, 148, 151
• Dooher, Gerry, 189
• Douglas, William O., 38
• Doyle, Gen., 486n , 501
• Duke, Angier B., 82
• Eastern Europe (see also individual countries), 327–328, 331, 335, 382, 421, 480
• Eban, Abba, 394
• Ebtehaj, Abolhassan, 164–165, 187n , 197
• Eckhardt, Maj. Gen. George S., 11, 20, 23, 60, 75, 77, 85–89, 99, 100, 128, 144, 146
• Economic situation in Iran (see also Agency for International Development; Oil issues; Political situation in Iran), 16, 41, 46–48, 78, 216, 321, 328, 383, 406–407, 462
  • Annual Review, 230, 232, 253, 259, 357–359, 373–376, 499–500, 576
  • Central Bank, 511, 530–531, 574–576
  • Development, 7, 9, 17, 21–22, 199–200, 336, 455, 494, 530–531, 550
  • Iranian position, 338–339, 434, 450, 572
  • Military program and, 115–116, 205, 359–361, 498–499
  • PL-480 programs, 16, 105–107, 115–116, 125, 177, 320, 333:
  • Shah-Johnson communications, 7, 436–437, 455
  • Steel mill, 190, 227, 376
• Eddison, John Corbin, 566n
• Egypt. See United Arab Republic.
• Eliot, Theodore L., Jr., 274n , 307n , 309n , 361, 362n , 370n , 371n , 377n , 388, 395n , 421, 428n , 451n , 465n , 482, 485n , 486n , 510n , 527, 542n , 564n , 566n , 574, 577
• Ensor, Andrew F.ew F., 120
• Esso, 465, 493
• Evans, Col., 142n
• Export-Import Bank, 17, 78, 82, 105
• Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz, King, 203, 249, 378, 380, 448, 477, 513, 514, 523
• Fallah, Reza, 577–578
• Farah, Queen, 380
• Farley, Philip J., 482, 509n
• Farrell, Raymond, 39n
• Fartash, 482
• Federation of Arab Amirates (FAA), 479, 482, 483, 513
• Fertilizer use, 572–573
• Five-Year Military Plan. See Military Assistance Program (MAP).
• Folger, Kathryn N., 395
• Food issues, 355–357
• Forbes, John T., 12n
• Foroughi, Mahmoud, 83
• Foster, John W., 484–485, 513–514
• France, 440, 557
• Friedman (DOD), 152
• Fujairah, 483n
• Fulbright, J. William, 361–365, 370–373, 395n
• Fulmer, 465
• Funari, John H., 235n , 309n , 371n
• Galling, 356
• Gandhi, Indira, 329
• Gardner, Arthur, 361
• Gaud, William S., 291
• General Electric, 550
• Germany, West, 517
• Gildart, Col., 64
• Gordon, Kermit, 94
• Grant, James P., 94n
• Great Britain. See United Kingdom.
• Greece, 217, 341
• Grey, Robert T., 477n
• Griffith, Maj. Gen. Perry B., 75, 77
• Grindall, Terence T., 13n
• Gudarzian, Khaibar, 111–113, 117–119, 129–130, 132, 135–136, 164–165, 170, 177, 179, 187–189, 197, 354, 408
• Gulf Oil Company, 299–300, 493
• Gunter, John W., 83
• Hackler, Windsor G., 12n
• Haddad (DOD/ISA), 40n
• Hand, Lloyd, 180
• Handley, William J., 166n , 395n
• Hare, Raymond A., 182n , 231–233, 243, 252n , 307n , 324–326, 392–395
• Harriman, W. Averell, 13n , 39n , 74, 119, 152, 194, 291, 377
  • Shah, meetings with, 206, 326–331, 384–387, 438–439, 442–443, 446–448
  • Shah’s U.S. visit, 78, 80–81, 148–150, 414
• Hart, Parker T., 561
• Harvard University, 476, 518
• Harvey, Bartlett, 75
• Hassan, Muhammad, King, 68, 71–72, 84
• Haynes, Col. Fred E., Jr., 252n , 274n , 307n , 309n
• Health Corps, 15, 224–225
• Hedlund, 465
• Hejazi, Gen. Abdul H., 28–29, 100, 144
• Helms, Richard M., 366–367, 409–410, 419–420, 554
• Hermansen, John T., 69n
• Herz, Martin F., 100–101, 214–215
• Hines, James J., 37n
• Holmes, Julius C., 11–12, 20, 114–115, 140n , 142–145, 152, 424
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 52–53
  • Khomeini, Ayatollah, 26–27, 33–34
  • Military Assistance Program, 23, 40n , 99–100
  • Military equipment, Shah’s requests, 10–11, 84–85, 128–129
  • Shah, meetings with, 18–19, 29–31, 34–36, 64–66, 424
• Hoopes, Townsend, 243–244, 305–308, 311–312, 314, 317–319
• Hormuz Strait, 513
• Houdek, Robert G., 562n
• Hoveyda, Amir A., 127, 181, 183, 196, 197, 232, 233, 336, 338–340, 361–362, 363n , 365, 471, 484–485, 561, 564, 566–580
• Howison, John McCoul, 122n , 124–126, 131n , 252n
• Hughes, Thomas L., 127–128, 174n , 260–261, 431, 491–492
• Humphrey, Hubert H., 282–283, 299, 300–301, 425–426
• Hungary, 327–328
• Hussein I, King, 378, 379, 410, 448
• Immigration and Naturalization Service, U.S., 39n
• Imperial Iranian Gendarmerie (IIG), 324
• India, 182–183, 185
• Indian Ocean Task Group, 11
• Indonesia, 168, 327, 331
• Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 52–53, 166–167, 172–179, 260–261
• Interdepartmental Regional Group (IRG), 241–244, 359–361, 485–487, 490–491, 496–501
• Internal Defense Plan for Iran, 13–18, 153–154, 202
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 83, 199, 576
• International Finance Corporation (IFC), 83
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 576
• Iran. See Arab-Iranian relations; Arab threat to Iran; Economic situation; Military Assistance Program; Political situation.
• Iranian-American Society, 424
• Iraq, 7–8, 191–192, 203, 333, 336, 458, 487, 539
• Iricon, 493
• Islamic Nations Party, 214
• Israel (see also Arab-Israeli dispute; Six-Day War), 71, 144, 249, 393–394, 465
• Jablonsky, Maj. Gen. Harvey J., 144, 187, 209n , 236, 262–265, 314, 316, 352–354, 373, 397, 422, 443, 487–488, 512, 517
• Japan, 331
• Jarring Mission, 465, 494
• Jernegan, John D., 12n , 13–18, 21–22, 24n , 54n , 55–56, 60n , 69n , 74n , 105, 131n , 138, 152, 153
• Johns, Lem, 415
• Johnson, Alex, 92, 290
• Johnson, Lady Bird, 2n
• Johnson, Lyndon B., 146, 228, 260, 282, 285, 311, 330n , 367, 368, 384, 412, 476, 528, 542, 566
  • Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers,160
  • Ansary, meeting with, 376–377
  • Credit bill in Iran for purchase of military equipment, 257–258
  • Hoveyda, meeting with, 566–574
  • Khosrovani, meeting with, 180
  • Meyer, meetings with, 240–241, 244, 389–390
  • Meyer appointment as Ambassador to Iran, 139–140, 240–241
  • Military Assistance Program, 371–372
  • Military equipment, Shah’s requests, 92, 218–219
  • Reforms, 572
  • Shah, communications with, 1–2, 4–8, 20–21, 182–183, 218–219, 222–226, 229, 230, 257–258, 287–289, 292–294, 313–314, 317, 371–372, 387, 390–391, 436–438, 449, 454–456, 459–460, 506, 552–553
  • Shah, meeting with, 75, 80–81
  • Shah’s U.S. visits, 70–72, 80–81, 146–147, 150–152, 160–161, 367–368, 399–401, 514–515, 519–526
  • Six-Day War, 380
• Johnson, U. Alexis, 269–270, 307n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 142, 153
  • Internal security, 497–498
  • Military Assistance Program, 144–145
  • Military Survey Team, 209–210
  • Shah’s U.S. visit and follow-up actions, 533–534
  • Soviet threat, 143, 303–304, 497
  • Mobile training teams, 145, 209
• Jordan, 249, 378, 379, 410, 448
• Jordan, Col. Amos A., Jr., 360, 371n
• Junior, Lewis D., 510n
• Justice, U.S. Department of, 38, 130, 354, 408
• Karamanlis, Constantine, 189
• Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 462, 507, 508, 510
• Kearney, Richard D., 132, 164n , 187
• Kennedy, John F., 1n , 189
• Kennedy, Robert, 130n , 132
• Kent (Turkish Ambassador), 245–246
• Kharg Island, 185, 197, 203, 315–316, 418
• Khatemi, Gen., 197, 199, 291
• Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah, 33–34
  • Arrest and exile, 110–111, 113–114, 215
  • Release of, 26–27
  • Opposition to Iranian Government, 102, 122–123
• Khosropour (IBRD), 83
• Khosrovani, Khasro, 180, 182n , 280–281, 296–298
• Khrushchev, Nikita S., 75, 441
• Khuzistan (see also Oil issues), 11, 14, 58, 169, 197, 208, 357, 396,450
  • Arab threat to Iran and, 75, 107, 185, 192, 208, 247–248, 381
  • Shah’s concerns, 29, 35, 136, 232, 269, 497
• King, Robert, 187
• King, Samuel L., 12n
• Kingsley, Maj. Gen. J. T., 75
• Kissinger, Henry A., 573, 579
• Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 69n , 75, 142n , 144, 145, 210
• Knapp, J. Burke, 83
• Komer, Robert, 1, 9, 60n , 70–73, 92–93, 130n , 139–140, 147–148, 174n , 182n , 188–189, 202, 218n , 291
• Kosygin, Alexey N., 245, 476
• Kurds, 7–8, 16, 28, 45, 144, 322
• Kuss, Henry J., Jr., 398, 474, 510, 539–542
• Kuwait, 162, 192, 488
• Kuznetsov, Vasili V., 220
• Laingen, L. Bruce, 131n
• Land reform, 16, 43–44, 48, 208, 406
• Lang, William, 142n
• Lee, 131n
• Leonhart, William, 562n , 564n
• Libya, 71, 162, 480
• Linder (Exim), 83, 185
• Literacy Corps, 15, 20, 133, 178, 224–225
• Little, William R., 12n
• Lynch, Keith O., 90n
• McAfee, William, 166n
• McCafferty, Arthur, 415
• McClellan, John L., 178, 408
• McClelland, Walter M., 432, 465n , 510n , 542n
• McCloy, John J., 197, 443, 495–496, 507n , 508
• McConnell, Gen. John P., 144
• MacCracken, John G., 274n
• McDonald, David L., 304, 465
• McDonnell Douglas Corporation, 460
• Mace, Charles H., 39n , 90n
• McNamara, Robert S., 74n , 85, 92, 211, 226, 244, 250, 260, 289–290, 299, 300, 308, 368
• McNaughton, John T., 60, 89–90, 202, 211–213, 289, 291, 307n , 361, 362
• Macomber, William B., 75, 92n , 98n , 115–116, 210–211, 274n , 370
• Macy, Robert M., 9, 75, 78
• Maechling, Charles, Jr., 13n , 152, 291
• Majlis. See Political situation.
• Maktab Towhid, 127
• Malmborg, Knute E., 510n
• Manila Conference, 326, 330n
• Mansur, Hasan A., 14, 27, 33, 44, 46–47, 54, 62, 101, 103, 107–110, 126–128:
• MAP. See Military Assistance Program.
• Mardom Party, 383
• Meade, Frazier, 131n
• Meeker, Leonard, 119, 131n
• Meshkatti, Mohammad V., 164
• Meyer, Armin H., 193, 209n , 270, 295–296, 355, 421, 428n , 450, 478, 527, 574, 577
  • Appointment as Ambassador to Iran, 139–140
  • Arab threat to Iran, 183–185, 191–192, 333, 489–490
  • Demonstrations against the Shah, 537–539
  • Fulbright criticisms of the Shah, 361–365, 372–373
  • Gudarzian case, 187–188
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 167, 172–173, 175–179
  • Internal security situation in Iran, 183–185, 321–324
  • Johnson, meeting with, 240–241, 389–390
  • Military Assistance Program, 254–257, 310n , 488–491, 512, 576
  • Military equipment sales, 185, 187, 200, 254–257, 295–296, 459, 467, 488–489, 491, 557
    • Aircraft, 186, 460
    • Alternatives, 501–503
    • Annual Review, 259, 357–359, 373–376
    • Comparisons to other countries, 190–191
    • Delays in delivery, 186, 254
    • Dependence on U.S. supplies, 181–182
    • Hoopes trip to Iran, 311–312
    • Shah, meetings with, 145–146, 161–162, 219–221, 262–265, 460–461, 463
    • Shah’s requests, 185, 187, 245–246, 266–268, 295–296, 491
    • Soviet Union as supplier, 270–274, 276–280, 291–294, 315–316, 353–354, 443–444, 557
  • Tanks, 461, 565–566
  • Oil issues, 271, 333, 457–459, 469, 473–474, 550
  • Persian Gulf vulnerability, 203, 220, 352, 375, 463, 495–496, 539–542, 551
  • Personnel ceiling for Iranian armed forces, 163–164
  • Peterson Report, 245–246
  • Political situation in Iran, 466–468
  • Shah’s attitude toward the U.S., 189–190, 194, 295–296, 467–475, 479–481
  • Shah’s Moscow visit and aftermath, 168–170
  • Shah’s U.S. visit, 396–398, 550–552, 555–556
  • Soviet-Iranian relations, 171, 270, 276–280, 353–354, 443–444, 447–448
  • Steel mill, 190–191
  • U.K. withdrawal from the Middle East, 192, 564–565
  • U.S.-Iranian military cooperation, 202–206
• Meyer, Gen., 172
• Meyers, Howard, 98n
• Middle East Institute, 299
• Middleton (Eximbank), 501
• Milani, 27
• Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG), 35, 64, 65, 144, 163, 292, 303, 352, 403, 404, 430, 488
• Military Assistance Program (MAP) (see also Military equipment sales under Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza Shah), 15, 23–24, 89–90, 155, 266–270, 463
  • Aircraft, 66, 73–74, 76, 81, 84, 86–88, 97, 99, 157, 186, 191, 204, 206, 212, 213, 263–265, 289–290, 295, 296, 308, 318–319, 374–375, 397, 403, 413, 422, 427, 460, 498, 516, 524, 546–547, 549, 551, 558–559, 576
  • Annual Review, 252–253, 259, 357–359, 499–500
  • Ansary-Rostow meeting, briefing for, 536
  • Approval of, 155, 510–512, 528
  • Army Mission in Iran, 35, 64, 65, 163, 292, 303, 352, 403, 404, 430, 488
  • Communications system, 524–525
  • Comparisons to other countries, 191, 220
  • Congressional considerations, 435–436, 460, 504, 558
  • Cooperative Logistics Agreement, 92
  • Credit bill in Iran for purchase of military equipment, 107–108, 193, 200, 204–205, 210–211, 230, 272–273
  • Five-year plan (1965–1969), 24–25, 93–100
  • Holmes’ position, 10, 40n
  • Hoopes trip to Iran, 305–308, 318–319
  • Instructions to Embassy in Tehran, 156–159, 308–309
  • Interdepartmental Regional Group, 241–244, 359–361, 485–486, 490–491, 495–501
  • Interest rate on sales, 188–189, 460
  • Internal Defense Plan for Iran, 17
  • JCS briefing, 144–145
  • Johnson’s position, 6, 7, 20–21, 257–258, 371–372, 437–438, 455–456, 459–460, 552, 570–571
  • Komer’s position, 70–71, 73
  • Memorandum of Understanding (September 1962), 89–90
  • Memorandum of Understanding (1964), amendment to, 309–311
  • Meyer’s position, 254–257, 310n , 488–491, 512, 576
  • Military Assistance Advisory Group, 35, 64, 65, 144, 163, 292, 303, 352, 403, 404, 430, 488
  • Military Survey Team, 209–213, 226, 229, 303
  • Missiles, 15, 88–89, 157–158, 186, 308, 524
  • Modernization, 29–31, 34, 40, 63–66, 145–146
  • National Policy Paper on Iran, U.S., 344, 348–351
  • Naval capabilities, 15, 88–89, 191, 204, 212–213, 277, 308
  • Personnel ceiling for Iranian armed forces, 163–164
  • Peterson Report, 234–237, 242, 245–246, 263, 308, 478, 548–549
  • PL-480 program funds used for, 115–116
  • Rostow position, 228–229, 368–370, 507–509, 528
  • Shah-Johnson communications, 6, 7, 20–21, 437–438, 455–456, 459–460, 552
  • Shah’s U.S. visit, 67, 69–70, 397, 402–404, 427, 523–525, 527–528
  • Soviet Union as supplier, 228, 280–281, 307
  • Tanks, 40, 56–57, 66, 69–70, 76–77, 81, 84, 85–86, 97, 204, 212, 213, 265, 397, 446–447, 461, 541, 558, 563, 565–566
  • U.S. position, 24–25, 32, 156–159, 308–309, 504, 558–559
• Miller, William G., 122n
• Mobil, 451, 452, 465, 480, 493
• Molotov, Vyacheslav M., 169
• Moody, C. G., Jr., 202, 291
• Morocco, 68, 71–72, 84, 353
• Moses, Abe J., 13n
• Moses, Henry, 451
• Mossadegh, Muhammad, 42, 227, 326
• Moyers, Bill, 284
• Mullahs, 207–208
• Mulligan, J.P., 122n
• Murray, Wallace, 169 Naficy,
• 91
• Nasser, Gamal A. (see also Arab threat to Iran; United Arab Republic), 29, 52, 58, 71, 84, 107, 108, 136, 162, 217, 220, 245, 247–248, , 327–329, 379–381, 392, 394, 416, 425, 513
• National Communications System (NIMCOMS), 524–525
• National Front, 33, 45, 48, 62, 141, 383
• National Intelligence and Security Organization (SAVAK), 44, 128, 215, 323, 338, 471
• National Intelligence Estimates:
  • NIE 34–64, 41–54
  • NIE 34–66, 223–224
• National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), 578
• National Policy Paper on Iran, U.S., 341–351
• National Security Council (NSC) Action No. 348, 554
• Nationalism, Arab, 247, 491–492
• Navy, Iranian. See Naval capabilities under Military Assistance Program (MAP).
• Newberry, Daniel O., 309n
• Newcomer, Gen. Henry C., 523–525
• New Iran Party, 14, 44, 103, 492
• Ngo Dinh Diem, 196, 335
• NIE. See National Intelligence Estimates.
• Nitze, Paul H., 423, 427
• Nixon, Richard M., 561, 562, 564, 573, 580
• Non-aggression pact, Soviet-Iranian, 169, 171
• Non-aggression treaty between NATO and Warsaw Pact countries, 4–5, 11, 58
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 4–5, 11, 58
• Northrop Corporation, 547
• O’Brien, 457
• Oil issues, 46, 65, 121, 341, 421, 458, 473, 578
  • Barter, Iran’s desire to use, 529, 549, 568
  • Conpagnie Francaise des Petroles (CFP), 452, 466, 480
  • Consortium, 75, 120, 231, 239, 324–326, 418–419, 432–434, 442, 451–453, 457–459, 465–466, 469, 473–474, 480, 484, 492–496, 550
  • Increasing revenues, 35–36, 47, 71, 228, 577
  • Kharg Island, 185, 197, 203, 315–316, 418
  • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 14, 47, 75, 120, 262
  • Revenues, 216, 231, 233, 261–262, 271, 329, 331, 397–398, 432–434, 451–452, 457–459, 465–466, 482–484
  • Shah-Johnson communications, 225–226, 437, 455–456, 552–553
  • Shah visit to the U.S., 77, 79–80, 82, 406, 421, 428, 520–521
  • Soviet Union and, 353, 375–376, 382, 458, 459, 480–481
  • Venezuela, 432–433
• Oliver, John, G., 451n
• Oomi, Ayatollah, 215
• Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 14, 47, 75, 120, 262
• Padelford, Edward A., Jr., 13n , 24n
• Page, Howard W., 75, 79, 82
• Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza Shah (see also Political situation; Shah subheadings under other subjects), 104, 127, 190, 192, 197, 355, 426, 440, 513, 534, 562
  • Afro-Asian Conference in Algiers, 149, 160
  • Arab-Israeli conflict (see also Six-Day War below), 387, 390–395, 426, 439–440, 464–465
  • Arab threat to Iran, 19, 35, 162, 203–204, 231–232, 392–393, 425, 463, 486–487, 489–490
  • Assassination attempt, 138, 140, 140n , 150
  • Attitude d U.S., 189–190, 299–300, 464–475, 477–481
  • Central Treaty Organization, 7, 28, 169, 232, 332–333
  • CIA assessments, 227–228, 238–239, 365–366, 380–384, 409–411, 440–441
  • Commencement ceremony, demonstration against, 36–37
  • Eastern Europe, 327–328, 331
  • Fulbright’s criticisms, 361–365, 370–373
  • Gudarzian case, 111–113, 117–119, 129–130, 135–136, 170, 187–189, 197
  • Harriman, meetings with, 206, 326–331, 384–387, 438–439, 442–443, 446–448
  • Internal security concerns, 11–12, 161–162, 328–329, 352, 385, 539–542
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 52–53
  • Johnson, communications with, 1–8, 19–21, 182–183, 151, 218–219, 222–226, 229, 230, 287–289, 292–294, 313–314, 317, 387, 390–391, 436–438, 449, 454–456, 459–460, 552–553
  • Johnson, meeting with, 75, 80–81
  • Khuzistan, 35, 269
  • Military equipment, requests for, 6, 10–11, 20–21, 28, 185–187, 204–205, 219–221, 230, 238–239, 262–265, 270, 295–296, 315, 437–438, 455–456, 459–460, 501–502, 527–528, 552 557
    • Aircraft, 73–74, 186
    • Annual Review, 128–129, 161–162, 252–253, 259, 373–376
    • Harriman, meetings with, 327–328, 446–447
    • Hoopes trip to Iran, 311–312, 314, 317
    • Johnson, communications with, 6, 218–219
    • Modernization program, 29–31, 34, 64–66, 145–146
    • Five-year plan (1965–1969), 99–100
    • Peterson Report, 236–237, 245–246
    • Rusk’s visit to Iran, 233–234
    • Shah’s discontent with U.S. response, 15, 181–182, 190–191, 203, 237, 470, 512
    • Soviet Union as supplier, 270, 272–280, 282–284, 291–294, 315–316, 353–354, 425–426, 430, 441, 557
    • Tanks, 565–566
    • U.K. withdrawal from the Middle East and, 564–565
    • U.S. visit and, 76–77, 81–89, 520, 522
  • Nasser, concerns about, 162, 425
  • Nixon, communications with, 562
  • Oil issues, 35–36, 77, 79–80, 82, 225–226, 231, 261–262, 329, 331, 353, 406, 418–419, 421, 428, 437, 442–443, 455–459, 473, 474, 478, 480, 492, 520–521, 552–553
  • Pakistan, 196, 203, 217, 264, 333, 381, 426, 489
  • Persian Gulf vulnerability (see also Arab threat to Iran; Internal security concerns above ), 424, 495–496
  • Political situation, 3, 11–12, 54–55, 142, 168–170, 491–493
  • Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD), 335–336
  • Roosevelt, meeting with, 299–300
  • Rusk’s visits to Iran, 133–137, 233–234, 332–338:
  • Saudi Arabia, 192, 469–471, 477
  • Senatorial criticisms of Iran, 395, 398
  • Six-Day War (see also Arab-Israeli conflict above), 384–387, 390–395, 464–465
  • Soviet-Iranian relations (see also under Military equipment, requests for above), 63, 165, 190, 203–204, 353, 441
  • Succession issues, 383, 431
  • Twenty-fifth anniversary of accession, 180
  • United Kingdom, 192, 299–300, 479, 564–565
  • U.S. visits:
    • May–June 1964, 12–13, 55–56, 60–63, 66–91
    • August 1967, 366–368, 396–408, 412–429
    • June 1968, 476, 514–515, 518–529, 531–534, 542–552
  • Vietnam, 148, 151, 165, 168, 180, 191, 196, 201, 206, 218, 220, 222, 326–330, 334, 401, 428, 438–439, 519
• Pahlavi, (Prince) Muhammad Reza Shah, 111–113, 117–119, 129–130, 132, 135–136, 164–165, 170, 177, 187–188, 197, 354, 408, 431
• Pahlavi University, 68
• Pakistan, 4, 52, 92, 168, 169, 182–183, 185, 200, 232, 292, 335, 381, 409–410, 416, 438
  • China, People’s Republic of, relations with, 150, 409–410, 426
  • Intelligence installations in, U.S., 166, 172, 174, 175, 260–261
  • Shah’s attitude toward, 196, 203, 217, 264, 333, 381, 489
• Pakravan, Gen. Hasan, 127
• Palestine, 208
• PanAm, 35
• Parkhurst, George L., 75, 79, 82
• Parsons, Howard, 124–125
• Patricelli, Robert E., 233
• Peace Corps, 1–2, 20, 133
• Persian Gulf vulnerability (see also Arab threat to Iran), 203, 220, 352, 375, 463, 478, 495–496, 540, 548–549, 551
  • Territorial disagreements, 513–514
  • U.K. withdrawal from the Middle East and, 143, 192, 299–300, 355, 483, 523, 529, 564–565, 574–575
• Peterson Report, 234–237, 242, 245–246, 263, 308, 478, 548–549
• Police, 15, 17, 41, 128, 215, 324
• Political situation (see also Economic situation; Oil issues), 100, 207–208, 329, 332, 338, 405–406
  • Anti-regime groups in the U.S., 37–39, 68, 365–366
  • Assassination attempt on the Shah, 138, 150
  • Bahai sect, 127
  • CIA assessments, 62, 63, 141–142
  • CIA subsidization of anti-Iranian students, 365–366
  • Congress, U.S., 361–365, 370–373, 395, 398, 435–436, 499, 504, 516, 558
  • Credit bill in Iran authorizing purchase of military equipment, 107–108
  • Demonstrations against the Shah, 36–37, 68, 82, 84, 90–91, 141, 150, 177, 196, 407–409, 415, 429, 481, 529, 537–539
  • Diplomatic immunity for U.S. employees of Defense Department, 103–104, 108–110, 114–115
  • Food issues, 355
  • History of the Pahlavi dynasty, 431
  • Hoveyda’s assessments, 338
  • Independent foreign policy and, 50–52, 63, 223–224, 343–347, 385–386, 440, 497, 519
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 52–53, 166–167, 172–179, 260–261
  • Interdepartmental Regional Group (IRG), 497
  • Internal security concerns and, 13–18, 183–185, 207–208, 321–324, 497
  • Khomeini, Ayatollah, 26–27, 33–34, 102, 110–111, 113–114, 122–123, 215
  • Kurds, 7–8, 16, 28, 45, 144, 322
  • Mansur, assassination of, 126–128
  • National Intelligence and Security Organization (SAVAK), 44, 128, 215, 323, 338, 471
  • National Policy Paper on Iran, U.S., 341–351
  • Opposition groups (see also Khomeini above), 214–215
  • Parliament, 14, 15
  • Parties, political:
    • Islamic Nations Party, 214
    • Mardom Party, 383
    • National Front, The, 33, 45, 48, 62, 141, 383
    • New Iran Party, 14, 44, 103, 492
    • Tudeh (Communist) Party, 45, 62, 323, 328, 331, 342, 383
  • “Positive Nationalism,” 491–493
  • Regency Council, designation, 431
  • Reforms, 3, 11–12, 15–16, 54–55, 68, 71, 73, 116–117, 133–134, 142, 168–170, 383–384
    • National Policy Paper, U.S., 341–351
    • NIE 34–64, 41–52
    • NIE 34–66, 223–224
  • Succession issues, 383, 431
  • Water issues, 355
• Pollard, Capt. (DOD), 13n
• Polstein, Martin, 361
• Preble, Col. M. R., 13n , 24n
• Prince Mahmud Reza. See Pahlavi, (Prince) Muhammad Reza Shah.
• Qassim, 192
• Qatar, 467, 483n
• Qomi, 27
• Queen Farah, 380
• Raborn, Adm., William F., 152, 201, 260
• Radio stations, Arab, 107, 193, 476
• Rail link, Turkey-Iran, 17
• Rasai, Adm., 488
• Ras al-Khaimah, 483n
• Read, Benjamin H., 129–130, 560
• Reap, Joseph W., 90n
• Reed (DOD), 274n , 501, 566n
• Reed (IBRD), 83
• Reforms. See under Political situation.
• Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD), 335–336, 347
• Regionalism, 169, 232, 335–336, 347, 352, 416, 440
• Reinhardt, George Frderick, 331
• Religion (see also Khomeini, Ayatollah), 127, 141, 207–208
• Reza Shah the Great, 431
• Riazi, 104
• Ripley, Dillon, 529
• Roberts, Goronwy, 448
• Rockefeller, David, 579
• Rockwell, Stuart W., 103–104, 107–114, 133, 165, 304, 361, 362n , 376, 428n , 442–443, 486, 485n , 501, 510n , 542n , 564n , 566n , 574, 577
• Romania, 327, 335, 353, 480
• Roosevelt, Kermit, 299–300
• Roosevelt, Theodore, 356
• Rosen (IFC), 83
• Rostow, Walt W., 75, 78, 240–241, 250, 282n , 300, 313n , 330n , 389n , 415, 451, 453n , 464–465, 471, 477–479, 482, 509n , 513, 560, 573
  • Ansary, meeting with, 461–462, 464, 535–536
  • Economic situation in Iran, 336, 423, 530–531
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 260–261
  • Military Assistance Program (MAP), 228–229, 368–370, 507–509, 528
  • Military sales to Iran, 251–252, 254–257, 285–286, 305–306, 311–312, 317, 453–454
  • Oil issues, 493–495
  • Shah visits to the U.S., 367–368, 416–417, 476, 514–515, 522–523, 525–526, 531–532, 543–545
  • Soviet sales of military equipment to Iran, 300–302
  • Vietnam, 438–439
• Rowan, Carl T., 152
• Rusk, Dean, 60n , 73n , 127, 138, 146–147, 334–335, 362n , 384,395, 414, 421, 563
  • Arab threat to Iran, 67, 136–137, 333, 336
  • Gudarzian case, 132, 135–136
  • Intelligence operations in Iran, U.S., 53n , 166–167, 174–175, 521–522
  • Iraq, 336
  • Military equipment, Shah’s requests, 233–234, 281–282, 320, 423, 527–528, 542–543, 563, 574
  • Military equipment sales to Iran, 368–370, 519–520, 574–576
  • Oil issues, 120–121, 332, 400, 465–466, 484, 495, 520–521, 568, 577–578
  • PL–480 assistance, 320–333
  • Political situation in Iran, 133–134, 332, 519
  • Shah, meetings with, 332–338, 423, 527–528
  • Soviet-Iranian relations, 399–400
  • Six-Day War, 388–389, 399
  • United Arab Republic, 336
  • U.S.-Iranian military cooperation, 400, 519, 566–568
  • Vietnam, 133–134, 332, 438–439
  • Visits to Iran, 134–137, 233–234, 332–338
• Saababad Pact, 232
• Samii, Mehdi, 193, 205, 231, 503, 530–531, 534, 574–577, 580
• Saudi Arabia (see also Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz (King)), 71, 136–137, 245, 192, 203, 249, 418, 469–471, 477, 480, 494
• Sauer (Eximbank), 83
• Saunders, Harold H., 9, 93–94, 98n , 155, 261n , 282n , 283–284, 304n , 360, 371n , 390, 412–413, 423, 427–428, 482, 484–487, 501, 510n , 530–531, 535–536, 562n , 574, 569
• SAVAK. See National Intelligence and Security Organization.
• Schultze, Charles L., 252
• Schwartz, Harry, 486–487, 501, 510n
• Shah of Iran. See Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza Shah
• Shanahan, John J., 27–29
• Shariat-Madari, 27
• Sharjah, 483n
• Shayegan, Ali, 39
• Shell, 452
• Shriver, Sargent, 1, 15, 20, 133
• Sibley, Gen. (JCS), 360
• Six-Day War (see also Arab-Israeli conflict), 378–380, 384–395, 411, 420, 426, 464–465
• Sloan, Frank K., 23–24, 57n , 92
• Smith, Bromley K., 142n , 257n , 282n , 291n
• Smith, Jack, 142n
• Sober, Sidney, 485n , 486n , 496n , 501, 510n
• Solbert, Peter, 73–74, 98n , 115
• Solomon, Anthony M., 432–434, 451–453, 542n
• South Africa, 570
• Southard (IMF), 83
• Soviet Union (see also Communism; Eastern Europe), 4–5, 7, 11, 14, 41, 50–51, 58, 63, 143, 165, 168, 190, 193, 198, 203–204, 227–228, 232, 245–246, 265, 281, 292–294, 303–304, 327–328, 331, 335, 340, 341, 347, 352–354, 381–382, 394, 440, 447–448, 496–497, 539
  • Military sales to Iran, 270–280, 291–294, 300–305, 315–316, 338–340, 425–426, 443–444, 517, 557
  • Non-aggression pact with Iran, 169, 171
  • Oil issues, 375–376, 458, 480–481
  • Persian Gulf vulnerability, 495–496
  • Technicians in Iran, 322–323
  • United Arab Republic, relations with, 5–6, 220, 340
• Spain, James W., 54n
• Special Defense Intelligence Agency Intelligence Supplement, SIS 281–66, 207–208
• Special Group (Counter-Insurgency), 13–18, 152–154, 202
• Spivy, Gen. B. E., 142n , 533–534
• Standard Oil, 75, 493
• Stoddart (DOD), 94n
• Straits of Tiran, 389, 393
• Strickland, Gen., (DOD), 116n , 142n
• Sudan, 71
• Suez Canal, 393
• Supreme Commander’s Staff (SCS), 63–65, 323
• Symington, James, 376, 395
• Syria, 192, 203, 293–294, 331, 340, 458, 487, 494
• Talbot, Phillips, 37–39, 73n , 74–75, 82, 92n , 98n , 117–119, 124, 126, 132, 133, 148–150, 174n
• Taylor, Col. (DOD), 60n , 69n
• Test Ban Treaty, 190
• Texaco, 465, 493
• Thacher, Nicholas G., 316, 356–357, 391–392, 395, 517
• Thomas, Edward H., 79
• Thompson, Llewellyn E., 142n
• Tiger, M. Gordon, 12n , 13n , 18n , 54n , 60n , 74n , 79, 90n , 94n , 98n , 122n , 164n
• Tito, Josip B., 329, 394
• Toufanian, Gen., 443, 447, 517
• Towsley, Henrietta, 13n , 40n , 54n , 94n
• Training teams, mobile, 209
• Truman Doctrine, 341
• Tudeh (Communist) Party, 45, 62, 323, 328, 331, 342, 383
• Turkey, 4, 17, 72, 84, 92, 150, 168, 191, 196, 203, 217, 335–336, 341, 353, 416, 421, 557
• Udall, Stewart L., 356
• Umm al-Qaiwain, 483n
• United Arab Republic (UAR) (see also Arab threat to Iran; Nasser, Gamal A.), 5–8, 84, 136, 220, 245, 247, 248, 340, 381, 480, 494
• United Kingdom, 150, 192, 203, 208, 317, 319, 341, 448, 479, 483
  • Withdrawal from the Middle East, 143, 192, 245, 299–300, 355, 483, 523, 529, 564–565, 574–575
• United Nations, 341
• Valenti, Jack, 147n
• Vance, Cyrus R., 152, 269, 289, 291, 304n
• Van Dorn, Charles, 361, 501
• Venezuela, 432–433
• Vietnam, 133–134, 151, 168, 206, 218, 222, 281, 292, 326–330, 329–330, 334, 438–439, 519, 571
  • Shah’s assistance, 401, 428, 438–439
  • Shah’s support for U.S. policies, 148, 162, 165, 168, 180, 191, 196, 201, 206, 220, 327, 328
• Walsh, John P., 40n , 83n , 94n , 560
• Warne, William, 356, 396
• Warnke, Paul C., 422, 430, 509n , 534n , 542n
• Warren, George L., 24n , 235n , 274n
• Warsaw Pact countries, 4–5, 11, 58
• Water issues, 355–357, 397, 423
• Wehmeyer, Donald A., 90n , 132, 309n
• Welk (Eximbank), 83
• Wheat (see also PL-480 programs under Economics), 357
• Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 24n , 69n , 142n , 144–145, 152, 210, 291
• White, Alfred D., 94n , 360
• White, Lincoln, 170
• White Revolution. See Reforms under Political situation.
• Williams, Maurice J., 486n , 501, 510n
• Wolf, Joseph J., 371n , 542n
• Women, reforms for, 16
• Woods, Gen., 60
• World Bald Bank, 83, 199, 576
• World War 41
• Wriggins, W. Howard, 250–251, 252n , 258, 274n , 282n , 289–290, 296–298, 304–307, 330n
• Yamani, 79
• Yeganeh, 103
• Yemen, 8, 136–137, 162, 192, 203, 245, 327, 331, 389, 410
• Young, Cuyler, 196
• Yugoslavia, 421
• Zahedi, Ardeshir, 164, 391–392, 470, 480, 482–484
• Zakharov, 517
• Ziai, 103, 109
• Zimmerman, Capt., 142n
• Zwick, Charles, 509