Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958–1960, Western
European Integration and Security, Canada, Volume VII, Part 1
Index
-
Achilles, Theodore, C., 298, 301, 812
-
Adenauer, Konrad:
- Berlin situation, 481
-
Brosio on, 120
-
De Gaulle and, 79n
, 138,
291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358,
416, 423
- Dutch relations, 302
- EC Commissions, appointments, 1–2
-
EEC, general, 174, 194–201, 291
-
Eisenhower and, 477, 481
- European Free Trade Area, 25, 79, 199–200
- European Free Trade Association, 174,
194–201,
296
- French-German-EEC relations:
- German reunification, Eisenhower on, 481
-
Macmillan talks, 294–296, 303–304
-
NATO, French position:
-
Norstad on disarmament
inspections, 608
- quotas on U.S. coal, 95–96
- transitional period for European integration, 137
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit,
221–223
- AFL-CIO, 189n
, 310
- Africa (see also specific countries):
-
Adenauer–Dillon talks, 198
-
EEC and, 73, 88, 137, 193, 197, 302
-
EURATOM, oil and gas
resources, 134
- French colonies, 38, 88, 129, 357–358, 467, 481,
712–713,
720–721
-
NATO participation, 352, 456–457
- Western European ambassadors’ conference, 38–39
- African Development Fund, 137
- Agricultural products:
- Canadian-U.S. trade policy, 707–708, 777–782, 802,
810
- EC Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 126
-
EEC Common Agricultural Policy,
126, 224–226, 283–284, 290
- European Free Trade Area, 27, 55
- French, Dillon talks, 217
-
GATT, 217, 224–226, 778–779
- India, wheat agreement, 802
-
Morse on, 224–226
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 31–33
- Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act (P.L.
480), 492–493, 708
- Air forces (see also
Missiles; North American Air
Defense Command):
- Berlin airlift, 452, 453, 456
- Canadian defense, 684–685, 693–694, 716–718, 722–724, 733–743, 747,
750–752,
763–770,
806, 812–813
-
NATO, 526, 551, 679 (see also
NATO: air under
other headings):
- U.S., 516–517, 724, 752
- ALCAN Highway, 711
- Algeria:
-
EEC oil tariffs, 189n
, 217
- French policy, 38, 88, 307, 319–320, 331, 499,
712–713
-
De Gaulle on, 307, 416, 456–457, 480–481, 499, 720–721
- Mediterranean fleet, 416, 418, 421, 425, 429, 437
-
Dulles on, 320,
331
-
Eisenhower on, 320, 480–482
- oil tariffs, 189n
, 217
- United Nations, 416, 418, 429,
458, 534
-
Allen, Edgar P., 220
-
Allen, George, 727
- Allied Forces, Central Europe, 572
- Allied Forces, Mediterranean, 413, 434
-
Alphand, Hervé:
-
EEC-Outer Seven relations, 155–158
- French political initiative, 298–301
- European Free Trade Area, 79n
-
NATO:
- Western European integration, 30–31, 73
-
Anderson, Robert B., 65, 207, 368
- Canadian-U.S. relations, 727–728, 774,
776, 799
- German position on European integration, 120–125
-
NATO costs, 488–494, 513, 514,
527, 606–607, 681n
-
MC–70 plan,
507–508,
617
-
OEEC:
- Ministerial Meeting, 57
- U.S. association, 174
-
Andreotti, Giulio, 540–549, 551
- Antarctica, 542
- Anti-trust law, 127
- Arab-Israeli conflict, 39
- Arab Union, 713
- Arctic inspection zone:
- Canadian position, 339, 690, 693,
717
-
Dulles on, 332–333, 336, 717
-
NATO Ministerial Meeting, 325, 326,
329, 331, 332, 336
- Norwegian position, 329
-
Armand, Louis, EURATOM:
-
AEC cooperation, 17, 18, 43, 44
- Commission appointment, 1
- Kohnstamm appointed assistant, 19n
-
U.K. participation, 4, 12
-
Armstrong, Willis C., 700
-
Arnim, Georg von, 110–113
- Arrow (CF-205), 716,
722–724, 737, 750, 752, 754–755
-
Asakai, Koichiro, 237
- Asia, competition, wage factors, 160
- Atlantic Confederation, 627
- Atlas missiles, 489
- Atomic Energy Act of 1946, 694
- Atomic Energy Act of 1954, 355n
, 469,
470, 629, 742
- Atomic Energy Authority, 3
- Atomic Energy Commission (see also
International Atomic Energy Commission):
- Canadian-U.S. relations, 656, 688, 803
-
EURATOM cooperation, 5–7, 17–18, 33–34, 41–47, 64–67, 164, 311–313
- Congressional action, 64–67, 286–289
-
Farley on, 45, 166, 248–249
-
Herter on, 5–7, 19, 45–46, 106–107
-
Hirsch on, 134, 135
-
Kohnstamm on, 19n
, 34, 45–46, 166, 312
- Soviet involvement, 168
-
Strauss on, 5–7, 17–18,
41–44, 45, 46
- Treaty of Rome, 41, 43–44
-
NATO, 648n
, 649, 654n
, 655, 656, 659n
, 660
-
OEEC cooperation, 144
- Australia:
-
EEC Common Agricultural Policy,
283–284
- nuclear proliferation controls, 107n
- Austria:
- EC Presidents meeting with U.S., 129
- ECSC, 147–148
-
EEC relations, 24, 104–105, 129,
170, 190
- European Free Trade Association and, 264, 268
- European Free Trade Area, 147–148
-
Averoff, Evangelos, 383, 465n
, 540, 551, 683
- Baghdad Pact, 316n
- Balance of payments, U.S., 182
- Baltic Sea, 548
-
Bane, John, 237
-
Barbour, Walworth:
-
EEC cooperation, 11
-
EURATOM cooperation, 3–4, 11–13
-
OEEC cooperation, 11–13
-
Barclay, Roderick, 327
-
Barjot, Adm. Pierre, 574
-
Baudouin I, 174
-
Beale, W.T.M., 175
- Belgium (see also
BENELUX
):
- coal mining, ECSC subsidies, 96, 113–118, 131–132
- Congo, 550, 556
- disarmament, 341–342
-
EURATOM:
- French-Belgian project, 166
- nuclear weapons control, 107–109
- Supply Agency request, 288
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, 170, 174
-
NATO, 401, 562, 607
- costs, 476, 550, 562, 607
- development aid, 550, 554, 556
- disarmament negotiations, 341–342
-
MC–70 plan, 315–316, 393–394
- non-military activities, 331,
381, 553
- personnel commitment, 520,
523
-
OEEC, 209, 210
- Western European integration, general, 86
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 32
- Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union, 283
-
BENELUX (see also constituent countries):
- Dutch position, 151
- EC, political aspects, 292, 297
- ECSC “manifest crisis” provisions, coal, 114n
- European Free Trade Area/Association, 53, 54–55, 78, 119
-
EEC tariff reductions,
U.K. position, 240n
-
NATO military requirements, 400, 551,
570, 598
-
Benson, Ezra Taft, 727, 778, 779
- Berlin:
-
Adenauer on, 481
- airlift, 452, 453, 456
-
Brentano on, 539
- Canadian position, 385
-
De Gaulle on, 412, 440
-
Dulles on, 385,
410
- Dutch position, 452, 453
-
Eisenhower on, 368, 385,
410, 523–524
- French position, 419, 461, 543
- German reunification and, 455–456
-
NAC Ministerial Meetings, 349–350, 373, 379,
385, 390, 452, 453, 554, 589
-
Norstad Congressional
testimony, 409–410
-
NSC on, 368
- Soviet position:
-
Spaak on, 455–456
-
U.K. position, 490–491, 541
-
Billingsley, Col. Charles, 484
-
Billotte, Gen. Pierre, 462
-
Bismarck, Otto von, 169
-
Black, Eugene, European Free Trade
Area, 77
-
Boggs, Marion W., 220, 515, 605, 607, 621, 668, 800
- BOMARC, 716, 737,
741, 750–752, 790–791, 796, 798–799, 804
-
Boochever, L.C., 113–118
-
Boone, Adm. Walter F., 376, 545
-
Botelho Moniz, Julio
Carlos, 550
-
Bowie, Robert R., 591, 593, 603, 628–632
-
Bradford, Saxton, 40
-
Brentano, Heinrich
von, 196, 222
- Arctic inspection zone, 332–333
- Berlin situation, 539
- Cyprus settlement, 454
- German reunification, 332–333, 337
-
NATO, non-military aspects, 329
-
Broadbridge, A.F., 761
-
Brosio, Manlio, 118–120
-
Brown, Irving, 309
-
Brown, Dean, 136–138, 427n
, 438n
-
Brown, Weir, 196
-
Bruce, David K.E.:
-
MC–70, 406–407
-
NATO, De
Gaulle on role, 362–363
- Western European ambassadors’ conference, 40
-
Bryce, Robert, 715, 800, 803
-
Burgess, W. Randolph:
- EC, French political initiatives, 301–302
-
EDC, 141
-
EEC-Outer Seven relations, 201–203
-
EURATOM, 141
- European Free Trade Area, 14n
, 51–52, 58, 59–60, 77, 141–142
- European Free Trade Association, 201–202
- Finnish-OEEC relations, 7n
, 10
-
NATO, 501–504, 521
-
De Gaulle, 352, 359, 364n
, 365–366, 412, 467, 474, 593
- disarmament summit, 561–562
- economic considerations, 503–504, 514, 681
-
Eisenhower visit,
480
- French position, 458, 560–561
- Germany, U.K. forces in,
costs, 327–328
- Ministerial Meetings, 325,
371, 376, 402–403, 527, 561, 591
-
NSC on, 506
- nuclear weapons, 467–468, 470–473, 639, 641, 664
- political consultation, general, 360, 502–503
-
U.N. and, 643–644
- Western European ambassadors conference, 37–38
-
OEC:
-
OEEC:
-
Burke, Adm. Arleigh S., 609
-
Butterworth, W. Walton:
- EC Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 125–135, 145–146
- ECSC and EEC, 85–89
-
EEC:
-
De Gaulle, political initiatives,
297–298
- Outer Seven, and GATT,
162, 187–188
- progress report, 1960, 290–293
- U.S. meeting with, 187
-
EURATOM:
- European Free Trade Area, 26–28, 29, 145–146
-
OEEC, general, 86–87
- Western European integration, general, 85–89
- Buy American Act, 753
-
Byrns, Kenneth A., 763
-
Caccia, Sir Harold, 271, 525
-
Calhoun, John A., 419n
, 518n
-
Cameron, Turner, 77, 147, 450
-
Campilli, Pietro, 1
- Canada, 684–813
- air defense, 684–685, 693–694, 716–718, 722–724, 733–743, 747,
750–752,
763–770,
806, 812–813
- ALCAN Highway, 711
- Arctic inspection zone, 339, 690, 693,
717
- Berlin, 385
- China, People’s Republic of, relations with:
- disarmament negotiations, 805
- Ford Motor Co. exports, 696–698
- recognition of, 696–697, 709, 710, 711, 758–759, 805
- trade with, 689–690, 696, 707–709
- classified document, 755, 793, 796
-
COCOM, 690, 696, 701
- continental defense, 688
- Cyprus conflict, 714
-
De Gaulle, 712–713, 720–721, 760
- development aid, 702–703
- disarmament, 339, 344–345, 346, 693,
712, 714–715, 757–758, 759, 793,
794, 795, 797, 805
- economic cooperation, general, 700–704
-
EEC, 705
- Common Agricultural Policy, 283–284
- European Free Trade Association-EEC trade, 239
-
Eisenhower on, 788
- air defense, 694, 812–813
- ALCAN Highway, 711
- atomic energy cooperation, 688
- China, recognition and trade, 696–697, 709, 805
- Columbia River, 688, 711, 806
- defense, 688, 694, 747n
, 758, 797n
, 798–799, 812–813
-
Diefenbaker, visit
by, 689, 788, 800–807
- disarmament, 793, 794
-
Dulles planning, 686–691
- economic cooperation, 688,
726, 812–813
- Foulkes resignation, 793–796
-
NSC on, 725–728
- nuclear weapons, 726
- oil trade, 753–755
- Sky Hawk, 767, 794
-
U.N. delegation, 812–813
-
Eisenhower visit, 685–721
-
EURATOM:
- European Chiefs of Mission, meeting, 69
- Export-Import Bank, 703
-
GATT, 732, 778–779, 784
-
IBRD, 702–703
-
IMF, 702–703
- iron ore tax case, 698–699
- Lebanese relations, 712–713
-
NATO, 714, 793–794, 802–803
- disarmament, 339, 344–345, 346
- Food Bank, 690, 691, 704
-
MC–70 plan, 316, 401
- Ministerial Meetings, 339,
373, 386, 391, 542, 550, 552, 554
- Montgomery visit, 793–794
- non-military activities, 330,
382
- nuclear weapons, 742
- weapons stockpile, 339–340
-
NSC on, 725–743, 797–800
- nuclear proliferation controls, 107n
, 554,
712, 804
- nuclear weapons, 694–695, 697,
726, 729, 740–743, 747, 759–760, 795
-
OAS, 713–714, 806–807
-
OEC association, 243, 244,
254
-
OECD association, 282
-
OEEC association, 173, 222,
235, 236, 746
-
St. Lawrence Seaway, 689, 756, 761–762, 776–777
- Soviet Union:
- disarmament summit, 712, 757–758
-
St. Lawrence Seaway, 761–762
- Sky Hawk, 763–770, 794, 806
- trade, 696, 697, 703–704, 776
-
UN, 801, 809
-
U.K. relations:
- Sky Hawk, 767
- Wheat Agreement, 702
-
U.N., 784, 801, 806–813
- U.S. relations, 684–813
- agricultural products, 707–708, 777–782, 802, 810
- ALCAN Highway, 711
- atomic energy cooperation, 656, 688, 803
- balance of payments, 774–775
- Columbia River, 688, 711, 718–720, 789–790, 806
- Congress of U.S., 693, 703, 710, 790
- defense cooperation, 710, 715–718, 733–743, 747–753, 758, 769–772, 797–800, 806, 807–808, 810–811
- BOMARC, 716, 737, 741, 750–752, 790–791, 796, 798–799, 804
- naval, 724
-
NORAD, 685, 693–694, 747, 763–770
- procurement contracting, 733–735, 760
-
SAGE, 716, 724, 737, 750–752, 799
- Sky Hawk, 763–770, 794
- Sky Shield, 792, 804
- economic cooperation, 688–689, 696, 700–701, 726–728, 733–739, 745–746, 748–753, 773–788, 805, 809–811
- maritime law, 811
- oil-gas trade, 706–707, 726, 728, 729–733, 746, 753–755, 782–783, 785
- overflights, 785–786
- Canadian Customs Act, 777–778
-
Caracciolo, Ottino, 110–113
-
Carlson, Delmar, 761, 789
- Central Treaty Organization, 592, 641
-
Chadbourn, Philip H., 150–152
-
Chavez, Dennis, 791
- China, People’s Republic of:
- Canadian relations:
- disarmament negotiations, 805
- Ford Motor Co. exports, 696–698
- recognition of, 696–697, 709, 710, 711, 758–759, 805
- trade with, 689–690, 696, 707–709
- Danish position, 69
- Dutch economic cooperation, 453
- Soviet economic cooperation, 453
- Sweden position, 70
-
U.K. position, 71
-
U.N. admission, 69, 70, 805
- Western European integration, 88
-
Churchill, Gordon, 700,
776, 781–784
-
Churchill, Winston, 464,
614, 813
-
CINCENT, 572
-
CINCEUR, 411, 433–434, 436, 601
-
CINCNORAD, 770
-
CINCSOUTH, 413, 433–434
-
Cittadini, Gian, 110–113, 309
-
Clappier, Bernard, 155–158
-
Clark, R.W.B., 175
-
Cleveland, Harrison, 718
- Coal (see also
European Coal and Steel Community):
-
COCOM, 690,
696, 701
-
Cole, Sterling, 35–36, 45
- Colombo Plan, 702
- Columbia River, 688, 711, 718–720, 789–790, 806
- Commissions of the European Communities (see also
individual commissioners):
- appointments, 1–2
- customs union acceleration, European Free Trade Association
reaction, 264–271
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 248–249
- U.S. problems with, 168–172
- U.S. talks with, 186–194
- Commodity Credit Corporation, 802
- Common Agricultural Policy:
- Australia, 283–284
-
Butterworth on, 290
- consultation with non-European countries, 283–284
- EC Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 126
-
GATT and, 224–226
- Common Market. See
European Economic Community.
- Commonwealth of Nations, 701–703, 745–746, 787
- Communications. See
Telecommunications.
- Communist parties:
- Iceland, 70
- Ireland, 70
-
OEC, development aid, 251
- Western European integration, NIE
on, 62
-
Compton, Arthur A., 359,
360
- Conference of the Four, 501–502
- Congo, 550, 556
- Congress of the U.S. (see also individual members):
- Berlin, Norstad testimony,
409–410
- Canada-U.S. relations:
- BOMARC, 804
- Columbia River, 790
- development aid, 703
- Ford Motor Co. exports, 710
- joint committee, 693
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 64–66, 286–289
-
Monnet initiatives, 305
-
NATO, 500
- German forces, 643–644
-
MC–70 plan, 377, 619
- nuclear weapons, 465–466, 469n
, 473, 619–620, 631, 637, 638, 640, 641, 649, 664, 683
- submarines, 637, 638, 664
- summits, 326
-
OECD, 310
-
OEEC, 173, 232
- tariff arrangements, 189
- Trade Agreements Act, 159
- Consolo, 106
-
Cook, Gen. Orval R., 33,
34
-
Coolidge, Calvin, 524
-
Corse, Carl D., 39, 187, 239–240
-
Coulson, Sir John, 175
- Council of Europe:
- Schuman elected, 31
- U.S. meeting with EC Presidents, 128
- Council of European Communities, 291
-
Courtney, Raymond, 484
-
Couve de Murville, Maurice:
- EC, French political initiative, 298–301
-
EEC, 72
- German-French relations, 76, 543
-
NATO, 553, 560–561, 564
- Berlin situation, 543
- Cyprus settlement, 454
-
De Gaulle on, 360, 399
- French fleet, 422
-
NAC Ministerial Meetings,
382, 448–449, 531–533, 543–544
- nuclear capability, 645, 664, 683
-
OEEC:
- Ministerial Meeting on FTA, 82, 83, 84
- summit with U.S., 222, 235
- Outer Seven-EEC relations, 207–216
-
Crocker, Col. David, 769,
772
-
Cromer, Lord, 158–162, 264, 271, 278
- Cuba, 706
-
Cunha, Paulo A. V., 330,
341
- Currency exchange:
- dollar liberalization, 153
- European fiscal and monetary harmonization, 127–128
- European Payments Union, 86–87
-
OEEC:
- dollar area, quotas, 92–95
- dollar discrimination, 165
- Western European integration, general, 86, 87–88
-
Current Foreign Relations, European Chiefs of
Mission, meeting, 69–72
- Cyprus, 71, 358,
383, 454, 714
-
Dabney, Gen. John A., 484
-
Dagkgaardd, Tyge, 264
-
Daum, Leon, 116
-
De Beaumarchias, Jacques, 531
-
De Besche, 201
-
Debré, Michel, 98, 114n
, 116, 216
-
De Carbonnel, Eric, 207, 210
-
Decker, George H., 411n
- Defense aerienne du territoire, 568–575, 580–581
-
De Gaulle, Charles:
-
Adenauer and, 79n
, 138, 291,
292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 416,
423
- Africa, 462, 720–721
- Algerian situation, 307, 416, 456–457, 480–481, 499,
720–721
-
Burgess on, 141, 365–366
- Canadian position, 712–713, 720–721
- EC:
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- Treaty of Rome, 297–298, 304
- ECSC, Dulles talks, 721
- “manifest crisis” provisions, 116, 118
-
EEC, 96–100, 163–164, 291, 297–298, 304
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 43–44
- European Free Trade Area, 47, 67–68, 79n
- European Free Trade Association:
- European Parliament, 294, 297
- French-German-EEC relations, 353
-
Adenauer and, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- Berlin, 412, 440
- international affairs, French role, 352–354, 720–721
- Lebanese crisis, 712–713
-
Monnet on, 76
-
NATO, 352–354, 357–369, 378, 399,
405, 408, 410, 412, 458–464, 467,
490, 533–535, 593, 721
-
Africa, general, 467
- air defense, 563–577
-
Dulles on, 352–354, 354–355, 357–360, 363–366, 377–378, 405, 441n
, 463
-
Eisenhower and,
359–360, 408–409, 410, 461–464, 477–478, 480–484, 497, 520, 522, 563–566, 575–577, 580–583, 629–631, 645–647
-
IRBM’s, 412
- Mediterranean naval commitment, 413–442, 458, 564, 567, 581
- non-military activities, 352–354, 359–360
-
NSC on, 367–369
- nuclear weapons, 354–355, 474, 514, 597–598, 610, 613, 629–631, 639–640, 642, 645–647, 721, 760
- nuclear submarines, 610, 635
-
Spaak on, 352–354, 359–360, 363–364, 412, 482–482
-
NIE on, 62
-
OEEC, 79n
, 296,
360, 399
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit,
221–223
-
Dejean, Maurice, 334,
343
- Denmark:
- Chinese People’s Republic relations, 69
- disarmament negotiations, 338–339, 544
- EC Presidents meeting with U.S., 129
-
EEC relations with, 170
- European Chiefs of Mission meeting, 69
-
NATO, 69, 556
- disarmament summit, 338–339, 544
- economic cooperation, 384,
550
- Greek position and, 540
-
MC–70 plan, 316
- non-military activities, 331,
382
-
OEEC Ministerial Meeting on
FTA, 82
- Swedish trade agreement and GATT,
183–184
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 31–33
-
Dennison, Adm. Robert L., 410
-
Denny, Sir Michael, 386
-
De Rougemont, Col., 567,
571
-
De Torrente, Henry, 264
- Developing countries (see also specific
countries):
- Africa and EEC, 73, 88, 137, 193,
197, 302
- Canadian role in aid, 702–703
- competition, wage factors, 160
-
EEC, 73, 88, 137, 171, 192–193, 197, 302
- European countries, other, 196–197, 506,
540
- European Free Trade Area, 20, 27, 38, 59–60, 142, 155
- German relations, 193, 196–197, 200, 219,
220
- Japanese role, 238–239, 250n
, 261
-
NATO, 308–309, 550, 560,
623–625,
681–682
-
OEC role, 243, 244, 250–251, 260–261, 262
-
OECD, 262, 309–310, 681–682
-
OEEC role, 20, 204–205, 213, 222–223, 230, 231,
235, 236
- research, 65
-
U.K. role, 277
-
U.N., 624, 625
- U.S. labor relations, wage competition, 160
- Western European integration, NIE
on, 62
- Development Assistance Group, 244, 250–251, 260–261, 262
-
De Villemain, Col., 571
-
De Zulueta, Philip, 271
-
Diefenbaker, John G.:
- China, People’s Republic of, recognition of, 696–697, 709, 710,
759, 805
- Columbia River, 711, 806
- defense cooperation with U.S., 758–760, 797, 812–813
- disarmament, 693, 757–758
- economic cooperation, 693, 709–711, 760, 802,
805
- Ford Motor Co. exports, 696–698, 710
-
Eisenhower visit, 695–721
(passim)
-
Herter meeting, 756–760
- iron ore tax case, 698–699
- Middle East, 692
-
NATO, 802–803
-
OAS, 806–807
- oil trade, Eisenhower
letter, 753–755
-
St. Lawrence Seaway, 756
- U.S. visit by, 689, 788, 800–807
-
Dillon, C. Douglas:
- Austria and Outer Seven, 147–148
- Canada, 788, 793n
- EC:
-
Adenauer–de
Gaulle–Macmillan talks, 294–296
- Dutch position on integration, 150–152
- Outer Seven, relations with, 152–163, 175–185, 187–188, 202–203, 207–216, 218–219
- Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 125–135
-
EDC, 179
-
EEC-Outer Seven relations, 148–149, 174–175, 187–188, 264–271, 280
-
EURATOM, cooperation with,
67, 143–145, 248–249
- European Free Trade Area, 58, 67–68, 138–139, 151
- European Free Trade Association, 174–185, 194–201
- France:
-
GATT and agricultural products,
224–226
- German relations:
-
Adenauer meeting,
174, 194–201
- quotas on U.S. coal, 100–102
- Western European integration, position, 120–125
-
NATO, 539, 606–607
- costs, 681n
- French position, 468–469, 619
-
IRBM’s, 484–488
-
MC–70 plan, 618
-
MRBM’s, 596–598, 639, 640, 663–666
- nuclear weapons, 615–616, 617, 619, 639, 640, 645–647, 663–664
-
OEC, development aid, role, 250
-
OEEC, 205–207
- Dutch position on, 233–234
-
Eisenhower notes
from, 235–236
- French position, 205–206, 207–216, 217, 235
- Ministerial Meeting, 56–58, 60,
204
- Soviet participation in reorganization, 284–285
- Special Committee, 226–227, 235–236
- tariffs, 56
-
U.K. position on, 174, 175–186, 228–232
-
OEC formation and constitution,
244
-
U.K.-OEEC-EC relations, 174,
175–186
- Disarmament (see also
Arctic inspection zone):
- Australia, 107n
- Belgian position, 341–342
- Canada, 339, 344–345, 346, 693,
712, 714–715, 757–758, 759, 793,
794, 795, 797, 805
- Dutch position, 335, 543, 553
- ECSC, 64–67
- inspection issues, general, 803
-
Norstad on, 608
-
Pineau on, 345
- Greek position, 335–336, 542
-
Herter on, 553, 561–562, 757–758, 759
-
NATO, 561–562
- Belgian position, 341–342
- Berlin situation, 505–506
- Danish position, 338–339, 544
- Dutch position, 335, 543, 553
-
Eisenhower on, 347, 351
- French position, 334–335, 343, 345, 346
- Greek position, 335–336, 542
-
Herter on, 553, 561–562
- Italian position, 338, 542–543, 554
- Norwegian position, 340–341, 553
- Portuguese position, 341, 540
-
10-year plan, 626
-
U.K. position, 341, 343–344, 346, 351, 541
- Soviet summit, general, 340–341, 344,
523–524
-
Douglas, James H., 600, 633, 637
-
Douglas-Home, Alexander F., 664, 682
-
Dowling, Walter C., 196,
681n
-
Draper, William H., 445n
, 446–447, 514
-
Drouin, Pierre, 290
-
Dulles, John Foster:
- Arctic inspection zone, 332–333, 336,
717
- Canada:
- air defense, 684–685, 716
- China, People’s Republic of, recognition of, 709
-
COCOM, 701
- Columbia River, 718–720
- Commonwealth Conference, 701–703
- defense cooperation, 710, 715–718
-
De Gaulle and, 712–713, 720–721
- economic relations, 700–706
- Joint Cabinet Economic Committee, 701
-
Eisenhower visit,
692–721 (passim)
- immigration policy, 700–701, 704–705
- Soviet Union:
- EC Commissions, 1–2, 168–172
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 41–44, 46
- European Free Trade Area, 29, 50–51
-
De Gaulle and, 47
- difficulties in negotiation, 47–49
- French-U.K. proposals, 20–23
- Germany:
- Lebanese crisis, 712–713
-
NATO:
- Algerian policy of French, 320, 331
- Arctic inspection zone, 336
- costs, 716
-
De Gaulle proposals, 352–354, 354–355, 357–360, 363–366, 377–378, 405, 441n
, 463
- disarmament summit, 351
-
Eisenhower
communications, 319–320, 336–337, 351, 398–399, 404–405, 409–415
- French forces commitment, 413,
428n
,
439, 441n
- Germany, U.K. forces in:
-
MC–70 plan, 618
-
NAC Ministerial meeting,
325–326, 337–351, 371–404
- non-military activities, 328–331, 360–361
- nuclear weapons, 325, 470–473, 656
-
OEEC quotas, dollar area, 92–95
- Western European integration, general, 30–31
- Ambassadors conference, 36–37
-
Dupuy, Michel, 784
-
Eccles, David, 52, 83, 84, 98
-
Eckhardt, Felix von, 362
- Economic cycles:
- Canadian, 775–776
-
EEC–OEEC policy, 193–194
- U.S., recession effects on, 39
- ECSC. See
European Coal and Steel Community.
-
EEC. See
European Economic Community.
-
EFTA. See
European Free Trade Area; European Free Trade Association
- Egypt, 727
- EIB. See
European Investment Bank.
-
Eisenhower, Dwight D.:
-
Adenauer and, 477, 481
- Berlin situation, 368, 385, 410,
523–524
- Canada, visit to, 685–721
- Canadian-U.S. relations, 788
- air defense, 694, 812–813
- ALCAN Highway, 711
- atomic energy cooperation, 688
- China, People’s Republic of, recognition and trade, 696–697, 709, 805
- Columbia River, 688, 711, 806
- defense, 688, 694, 747n
, 758, 797n
, 798–799, 812–813
-
Diefenbaker, visit
by, 689, 788, 800–807
- disarmament, 793, 794
-
Dulles planning, 686–691
- economic cooperation, 688,
726, 812–813
- Foulkes resignation, 793–796
-
NSC on, 725–728
- nuclear weapons, 726
- oil trade, 753–755
- Sky Hawk, 767, 794
-
U.N. delegation, 812–813
- developing countries, European role, 196–197
- Dutch policy, Luns
meeting, 477, 480–484
-
EURATOM, 35–36, 47
- German defense, 198
- industrialized countries, mobilization of, 172–174
-
NATO, 590
- Algerian policy of French, 320
- classified correspondence, 518
- costs, 497–500, 508–524, 680
- disarmament summit, 347, 351
-
Dulles and, 319–320, 336–337, 351, 398–399, 404–405, 408–412
- classified letter, 349
- conversation with, 370–371
- European visit, 480–484
- French position:
- air power, 563–566
-
Debré
meeting, 558
-
De Gaulle proposals, 359–360, 408–409, 410, 461–464, 477–478, 480–484, 497, 520, 522, 563–566, 575–577, 580–583, 629–631, 645–647
- fleet, 419–420, 433–436, 438–441
- Greek position, 608–609
-
MC–70 plan, 511, 602–604, 619
-
NSC on, 367, 368–369, 444–447, 505, 508–515, 602–604, 615–621, 649–668
- nuclear weapons, 609–610, 615–621, 628–642, 645–668
-
SACEUR leadership
changes, 609–610, 641
- Soviet Union:
- general policy toward, 518–519
- nuclear weapons development, 611–612
-
Spaak discussions
with, 480–484, 518–524
-
10-year study, 611–614
- U.S. force commitment, 508,
510–511, 513–517, 681
- nuclear weapons testing:
-
OEEC reorganization, 235–236, 252–256
- Soviet Union, Khruschev:
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit,
221–223
-
Eisenhower, John S.D., 370, 409–412, 434–436, 461–464, 655n
,
793–796
-
Elbrick, C. Burke:
-
Elizabeth II, 756
-
Ellis–Rees, Sir Hugh:
- European Free Trade Area, 51–52
-
Finnish-OEEC
relations, 10
-
OEEC–Dillon meeting, 204–205
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 31–32
-
Elrod, Warrick E., 89
-
Ely, Gen. Paul H. R., 416, 434, 463, 571, 573, 574
- Employment and labor issues:
- AFL–CIO, 189n
,
310
- Asian competition, wage factors, 160
- Canadian, 775
- coal quotas by Germans on U.S. imports, 96
- developing countries, wage competition, 160
-
EEC:
- financial and monetary policy, 155
-
Meany on, 189, 309–310
- wages and integration, 170
-
OEEC Scientific and Technical
Personnel Program, 113
- trade unions:
- EC Commission appointments, 2
-
OECD–Meany meeting, 309–310
- U.S.-EEC relations, 189
- Western European ambassadors’ conference, 40
-
English, John, 700
-
Erhard, Ludwig, 59, 83, 84, 98, 120–125, 196
-
Etzel, Franz, 196, 200, 394–395, 548
- French-German relations, 76
-
EURATOM (see also
Wise Men):
-
AEC cooperation, 5–7, 17–18, 19, 33–34, 41–47, 106–107, 164,
166–168,
311–313
- Congressional action on, 64–67, 286–289
-
Dillon on, 67, 143–145, 248–249
-
Dulles on, 41–44, 46
-
Eisenhower on, 35–36,
47
-
Farley on, 45, 166, 248–249
-
Herter on, 5–7, 19, 45–46, 106–107, 166–168
-
Hirsch on, 107, 134–135, 145, 164, 166–168, 248–249, 311–313
-
Kohnstamm on, 19n
, 34, 45–46, 166, 312
-
Strauss on, 5–7, 17–18,
41–44, 45, 46
- Treaty of Rome, 41, 43–44
- Soviet involvement in, 168
- African oil and gas resources and, 134
-
Armand, role, 1,
4, 12, 17, 18, 19n
, 43, 44
- Belgian role, 107–109, 166,
288
-
Burgess on, 141
-
Butterworth on:
- Canadian role:
-
Dillon on, 67, 143–145, 248–249
- Dutch position, 133
- EC Commission, 1, 2, 248–249
- ECSC role:
-
AEC cooperation, 33–34
- weapons production control, 64–67
-
EEC role, 16, 41
-
Eisenhower on, 35–36, 47
- Export-Import Bank role, 106–107
- Franco-Belgian project, 166
- French position, 75–76, 300–301
- German position:
-
AEC cooperation, 19
- EC international project, 166
- nuclear materials, 4, 108
- research, 133
-
Hirsch on, 107,
133–135,
145, 164, 166–168, 248–249, 311–313
- IAEC:
-
NIE on, 62–63
- status and prospects, 39
- South Africa, 4
-
Strauss on, 5–7, 17–18, 35–36, 41–44, 45, 46
-
U.K. position:
- U.S. representatives meeting with EC Presidents, 132–135
- weapons development control, 35–36, 64–67, 107–109
- European Atomic Energy Community. See
EURATOM
.
- European Coal and Steel Community:
- Austrian association, 147–148
- Belgian subsidies, 96, 113–118, 131–132
-
BENELUX, 114n
-
Burgess on, 141
-
Butterworth appointed, 18n
- Commission appointed, 1, 2
-
De Gaulle–Dulles talks,
721
-
EEC and, 85–89
-
EURATOM:
-
AEC cooperation, 33–34
- weapons production control, 64–67
- French policy, 119, 300
- Austrian relations, 147–148
- coal “manifest crisis” provisions, 114n
, 116–118
-
De Gaulle on, 116, 118, 721
- German relations, 76
- steel prices, ECSC intervention, 130–131
- German quotas on U.S. coal, 95–96, 100–102, 123–124, 130–131
- French relations, 76
- “manifest crisis” provisions, 113–118
- Italy, “manifest crisis” provisions, 114n
- U.S. representatives meeting with EC Presidents, 130–132
- European Communities (see also
EURATOM
; European Coal and Steel Community; European Economic Community; Treaty of Rome):
-
Butterworth on, 1960, 290–293
- Commissions:
- French political initiatives, 290n
, 291–302
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
-
NATO and, 296, 297, 300, 301–302
-
GATT, 39, 293
- Italy, political aspects, 297
-
NATO relations, 152
-
OEC formation and constitution,
246–247,
259–260
-
OEEC relations with, 176, 179,
292–293
- Outer Seven, relations with (see also
European Free Trade Area; European Free Trade Association), 152–163, 164–165, 175–185, 187–188, 191, 202–203, 207–216, 218–219, 239–240
- Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 125–135, 145–146, 187
-
U.K.-OEEC-EC relations, 174,
175–186
- European Defense Community:
-
Burgess on, 141
-
Dillon on, 179
- French proposal, Brosio on,
119–120
-
Spaak on, 523, 594
-
Van der Beugel on, 80
- European Development Agency, 59–60
- European Economic Community (see also
EEC subheadings under other subjects
and persons):
-
Adenauer on, 291
-
De Gaulle negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296
- European Free Trade Association, Dillon–Adenauer meeting, 174, 194–201, 298–299, 358, 423
-
AEC–EURATOM cooperation, 41
- African countries, general, 73, 88, 137, 193, 197,
302
- Algerian oil tariffs, 189n
, 217
- Austrian association with, 24, 104–105, 129, 170,
190
-
BENELUX, 292, 297
- Canadian position, 705
- Common Agricultural Policy, 283–284
- European Free Trade Association-EEC trade, 239
- Commission:
- appointed, 1
- U.S. problems with, 168–172
- Common Agricultural Policy:
- Australia, 283–284
-
Butterworth on,
290
- Canadian position, 283–284
- consultation with non-European countries, 283–284
- EC Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 126
-
GATT and, 224–226
- Danish role, 170
-
De Gaulle position, 96–100, 163–164, 291, 297–298, 304
- developing countries, 59–60, 73, 88, 137, 171, 192–193, 197,
302
- Dutch position, 78–79, 92n
,
-
EEC, 89–91, 92n
, 93, 136–138, 168, 170, 175–186, 218–220, 240–242, 271–278, 541
- European Free Trade Association, 240n
, 264, 271–278, 303–304
-
GATT, 303, 304
-
Macmillan on, 67–68,
185–186, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281, 294–296, 303–304
-
Monnet on, 307
-
NATO and, 614
- ECSC and, 85–89
- employment and labor issues, 2, 189
- financial and monetary policy, 155
-
Meany on, 189, 309–310
- wages and integration, 170
-
EURATOM relations, 16, 41
- European Free Trade Area and, 14–16, 20–23, 26, 28, 47–49, 55, 85
-
Butterworth on,
145–146
- developing countries, 59–60
-
Dillon on, 139, 148–148, 174–175
- Dutch position, 78–79, 92n
-
Erhard on, 148–149
- Treaty of Rome, 26–27, 28,
83
-
U.K. position, 14–16,
20–23, 24–25, 27,
30, 52, 53, 67–68,
77, 89–91, 240n
, 293
-
Butterworth
on, 86
-
Dulles on, 48
- Dutch position, 79–80, 92n
- French position, 25,
74, 77, 79–80, 82–85, 86
- European Free Trade Association and, 173–175, 177–178, 201–203, 264–271
- Belgian role, 170, 174
- Canadian position, 239
- Customs union acceleration, European Free Trade
Association reaction, 264–271
- Danish role, 264, 267–268, 269
- French position, 272, 275
-
GATT and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
-
U.K. position, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293, 303, 304
-
Herter on, 303–304
- Norwegian position, 264, 269
- Portuguese position, 264, 269–270
- Swedish position, 264–271, 275
- Swiss position, 264, 269, 275
-
U.K. position, 240n
, 271–278, 194–195, 303–304
-
GATT and, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Lloyd on,
174–185, 241, 274
-
Macmillan
on, 67–68, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281
- formation of, 30–31
- French position, 72–75, 78–79, 92n
, 93–94, 136–138, 158, 172,
207–218,
301–302
- Common Agricultural Policy, 284
- currency exchange factors, 86,
87–88
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, 272,
275
- French-German-EEC
relations, 123–124
-
Adenauer–De
Gaulle negotiations and, 79n
,
138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- Berlin, 412, 440
-
Monnet on,
76
-
GATT, 73, 156, 157, 217, 303
-
Hallstein on, 156, 137–138
-
Houghton on, 96–100
- Outer Seven and, 153, 158, 272, 273–274
- Treaty of Rome, 98, 170
-
U.K. position, 25, 74,
77, 79–80, 82–85,
89, 91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161
-
GATT:
- agricultural products, 224–226
-
Dillon on, 148–149, 151–152, 187–188, 190, 191, 194, 213–214, 269
-
Erhard on, 148–149, 199–200
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
- French position, 73, 156, 157, 217, 303
- German position, 121, 124, 197–198, 198–199
-
Hallstein Report,
105
-
Marjolin on, 153, 163
- Outer Seven, 148–149, 151–152, 156, 157, 162–164, 187–188, 199–200, 264–271
-
U.K. position, 303, 304
- U.S. representatives meeting with EC Presidents, 127, 128–129
- German position:
-
Bismarck’s Reich and, 169
-
De Gaulle–Adenauer negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- European Free Trade Association, Dillon–Adenauer meeting, 174, 194–201
- French and, 97–98, 99,
159, 209, 301
-
GATT, 121, 124, 197–198, 198–199
- Outer Seven and, 220
-
U.K. position on, 186, 272, 273
- U.S. representatives, meeting on, 120–125
- Greek association, 170, 190, 293
-
IBRD, 197, 256, 303, 624
- Italian role, 119, 554–555
- Middle East, oil resources, 189, 217
-
NATO and, 152
-
NATO and, 152
-
NIE on, 62–63
-
OEEC relations with:
-
Burgess on, 165
-
Dillon–Lloyd meeting, 174, 175–185
-
Dillon–Scherpenberg on,
201
-
Hallstein Report,
105
- Ministerial Meeting, 80–81, 204–205
-
Herter on, 173–174
-
NIE on, 63
- Treaty of Rome, 55, 83, 94
- U.S. representatives, meeting, 111–113
- Outer Seven, 148–149, 152–165, 174–175, 187–188, 190–192, 198–203, 207–216, 239–240, 264–271, 280,
293
-
Adenauer–Dillon talks, 199–200
- developing countries, 59–60, 155, 277
-
Dillon on, 148–149, 174–175, 187–188, 264–271, 280
- French position, 153, 158, 272, 273–274
-
GATT and, 162, 187–188
- German position, 220
-
Herter on, 162–164, 172–174, 303–304
-
NATO, 201–205, 281
- U.S.-U.K. meeting, 174, 175–185, 271–278
- Scandinavian position (see also specific
countries), 30
- status and prospects, 39
- Swedish association, 105, 190, 264–271, 275
- Swiss position, 30, 105, 172,
190, 264, 269, 275
- European Free Trade Association and, 264, 269, 275
- Turkish association, 170, 190, 293
-
U.K. position, 89–91, 92n
, 93, 136–138, 168, 170, 175–186, 218–220, 240–242, 271–278, 541
- European Free Trade Association, 240n
, 264, 271–278, 303–304
- French position, 25, 74, 77,
79–80, 82–85, 89,
91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161
-
GATT, 303, 304
-
Macmillan on, 67–68,
185–186, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281, 294–296, 303–304
-
Monnet on, 307
-
NATO and, 614
- U.S. representatives meeting with EC Presidents, 125–129
- European Free Trade Area:
-
Adenauer position, 25, 79, 199–200
- agricultural products, 27, 55
- Austrian position, 147–148
-
BENELUX, 53, 54–55, 78, 119, 240n
,
-
Burgess on, Un, 51–52, 58, 59–60, 77, 141–142
-
Butterworth on, 24–28, 29, 145–146
- developing countries, 20, 27, 38, 59–60, 142, 155
-
Dillon on, 58, 67–68, 138–139, 151
-
Dulles on, 29,
50–51
- Dutch position, 77–80
- difficulties in negotiation, 47–49, 53–54
-
EEC and, 14, 21–23, 26, 28, 47–49, 55, 85
-
Butterworth on,
145–146
- developing countries, 59–60
-
Dillon on, 139, 148–148, 174–175
- Dutch position, 78–79, 92n
-
Erhard on, 148–149
- Treaty of Rome, 26–27, 28,
83
-
U.K. position, 14, 16,
20–23, 24–25, 27,
30, 52, 53, 77, 89–91, 293
-
Butterworth
on, 86
-
Dulles on, 48
- Dutch position, 79–80, 92n
- French position, 25,
74, 77, 79–80, 82–85, 86, 89, 91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161
- European Chiefs of Mission meeting, 71–72
- Finnish position, 140
- formation of, general policy, 14–16
- French position, 14, 16, 20–23, 27, 51–52, 67, 68, 78
[Page 831]
- developing countries, 38, 60
-
De Gaulle on, 47, 67–68, 79n
- negotiation difficulties, 48,
54–56, 60
-
U.K. position, 25, 74,
77, 79–80, 82–85,
89, 91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161
-
GATT and, 20, 26, 29, 49, 50, 53, 54–56
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
meeting, 79n
-
Butterworth on,
145–146
-
Dillon on, 138–139, 148–149
- Dutch position, 78
-
Erhard on, 148–149
-
OEEC, 54–55,
56, 207, 215
-
U.K. position, 25, 68,
102, 103, 178–179, 240–242, 275
- German position, 53, 55, 68, 78, 79
- Greek position, 20
-
Herter on, 77–80, 172–174
-
Houghton on, 54–56
- Italian position, 78
-
Marjolin on, 153
-
NATO, 21, 22, 26–28, 51–52, 58, 59–60, 68, 78, 80–85, 368, 384
-
NIE on, 63
- Norwegian position, 384
-
OEEC, 14–15, 22, 23, 26, 28, 53–56, 80–85
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
meeting, 79n
-
Butterworth on,
86
- developing countries, 20
-
Dillon on, 139
-
Dulles on, 47–51
- Dutch position, 78
-
GATT, 54–55,
56, 207, 215
-
U.K. position, 67–68,
77, 90–91, 102–104
- Scandinavian position, 22, 26, 154
- Soviet Union, 140
- Swiss position, 22, 78, 154
- Turkish position, 20
-
U.K. position, 20–23, 67–68, 86, 89–90, 142, 161–162
-
Dillon on, 156, 180–181, 209
-
Dulles on, 48
- Dutch position, 79–80
-
EEC and, 14, 16,
20–23, 24–25, 27,
30, 52, 53, 77, 89–91, 293
-
OEEC and, 67–68,
77, 90–91, 102–104
- French position, 25, 74, 77,
79–80, 82–85, 89,
91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161, 209, 299–300
-
GATT, 25, 68,
102, 103, 178–179, 240–242, 275
- German position v, 122–123, 209
-
Marjolin on, 153, 154
-
Whitney on, 102–104, 240–242, 263, 279–281
- European Free Trade Association (see also
Outer Seven):
- Austrian relations, 264, 268
- Belgian role, 170, 174
- Canadian position, 239
- Danish position, 264, 267–268, 269
-
Dillon on, 174–185, 194–201
-
EEC relations with, 173–175, 177–178, 201–203, 264–271
- Belgian role, 170, 174
- Canadian position, 239
- customs union acceleration, European Free Trade
Association reaction, 264–271
- Danish role, 264, 267–268, 269
- French position, 272, 275
-
GATT and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
-
U.K. position, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 190–192, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Herter on, 303–304
- Norwegian position, 264, 269
- Portuguese position, 264, 269–270
- Swedish position, 264–271, 275
- Swiss position, 264, 269, 275
-
U.K. position, 240n
, 271–278, 303–304
-
GATT and, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Lloyd on,
174–185, 241, 274
-
Macmillan
on, 67–68, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281
- German position:
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
talks, 296
-
Dillon–Adenauer meeting, 174, 194–201
-
EEC-U.S. talks, 187–188, 190–191
-
GATT and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
-
U.K. position, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Herter on, 252–253
- initiation of, 105
- Norwegian position, 264, 269
- Portuguese position, 264, 269–270
-
OEEC relations with, 174, 204–207, 252
- Swedish position, 105, 264–271, 275
- Swiss position, 264, 269, 275
-
U.K. relations with, 175–185, 240–242
-
Adenauer meeting,
194–195
-
EEC relations, 240n
, 271–278, 303–304
-
GATT and, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 190–192, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Macmillan
on, 67–68, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281
- French position, 303–304
- German position, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
-
Herter on, 173
-
Lloyd on, 174, 175–185, 241, 274
- European Investment Bank, 1
- European Monetary Fund, 161
- European Nuclear Energy Agency, 261
- European Parliament:
-
De Gaulle proposal, 294, 297
- development aid, 171
- EC Commissions, relation to, 2, 169, 297
- EC Presidents, U.S. representatives meeting with, 126
- election of, 292
- European Free Trade Area, developing countries, 59
- European Payments Agreement, 262
- European Payments Union, 86–87
- European Productivity Agency, 113
- European Regional Organizations:
- classified document, 319
-
EEC, French initiatives, 301–302
- European Free Trade Area, 51–52, 59–60
- European Free Trade Association, 164–165, 201–203
- developing countries, 59–60
-
NATO, 455–457
- Conference of Four, 501–502
- disarmament summit, 561–562
- economic issues, 503–504
- French position, 560–561
-
MC–70 plan, 315–317, 511, 602–604, 619
-
NSC on, 442–447
- nuclear weapons, 467–468, 470–473
- political consultations, 502–503
-
OEC:
- Development Assistance Group, role, 244, 250–251
- formation and constitution, 243–247
-
OECD-Meany meeting, 309–310
-
OEEC:
- European Spare Parts Agency, 315
- European University, Hirsch on, 135
-
Evans, Robert, 175
-
Everest, Gen. Frank F., 460
- Export-Import Bank:
- Canadian participation, 703
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 106–107
-
U.K. repayment, 492
-
Fanfani, Amintore, 377–378, 382
-
Faniel, Robert, 250n
-
Farley, Philip J., 45, 166, 248–249
-
Faure, Maurice, 73
-
Fearey, Robert A., 317
-
Fessenden, Russell, 136, 166, 168, 307, 459, 518n
, 591
-
Finet, Paul, 1, 2, 76, 125–135
- Finland, 79
- classified document, 271
- European Chiefs of Mission, meeting, 69–70
- European Free Trade Area, 140
-
NATO, 7–9
-
OEEC relations, 7–10, 32, 69–70, 140
- Soviet relations, 7, 8–9, 69–70, 140
- Swedish relations, 10
- Fisheries:
- Iceland-U.K. conflict, 70, 71, 72, 375
- Scandinavian interests, 72
-
Fiske, Robert B., 487
- Five-Power Treaty, 524n
-
Fleming, Donald M., 700–708, 775–776
- agricultural trade, 780–781
- Commonwealth Conference, 701–703, 787
- Joint Cabinet Economic Committee, 701
- oil imports, 706–707
- overflights, 785–786
-
St. Lawrence Seaway, 777
- trucking and telecommunications, 786–787
-
Floberg, Jack, 66–67, 107
-
Folger, John C, 43–44
- Ford Motor Co., 696–698, 710
- Foreign Trade Council, 168
-
Foulkes, Gen. Charles, 715, 718, 793–796, 798
- France:
- African colonies, 38, 88, 129, 357–358, 467, 481,
712–713,
720–721
- Algerian issues, 38, 88, 307, 319–320, 331, 499,
712–713
-
De Gaulle on, 307, 416, 456–457, 480–481, 499, 720–721
-
Dulles on, 320, 331
-
Eisenhower visit,
480–482
- Mediterranean fleet, 416, 418, 421, 425, 429, 437
- oil tariffs, 189n
, 217
- classified document, 351
- Defense aerienne du territoire, 568–575, 580–581
- development aid, 171, 193
- disarmament summit, 334–335, 343,
345, 346
- Dutch position on, 150n
- EC, political initiatives, 290n
, 291–302
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
-
NATO and, 296, 297, 300, 301–302
- ECSC, 119, 300
- Austrian relations, 147–148
- coal “manifest crisis” provisions, 114n
, 116–118
-
De Gaulle on, 116, 118, 721
- German relations, 76
- steel prices, ECSC intervention, 130–131
-
EDC, 119–120
-
EEC, 72–75, 78–79, 92n
, 93–94, 136–138, 158, 172,
207–218,
301–302
- Common Agricultural Policy, 284
- currency exchange factors, 86,
87–88
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, 272,
275
- French-German-EEC
relations, 123–124
-
Adenauer–De
Gaulle negotiations and, 79n
,
138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- Berlin, 412, 440
-
Monnet on,
76
-
GATT, 73, 156, 157, 217, 303
-
Hallstein on, 156, 137–138
-
Houghton on, 96–100
-
NATO and, 296, 297, 300, 301–302
- Outer Seven and, 153, 158, 272, 273–274
- Treaty of Rome, 98, 170
-
De Gaulle initiatives, 297–298, 304
-
U.K. position, 25, 74, 77, 79–80, 82–85, 89, 91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161
-
EURATOM:
- European Free Trade Area, 14, 16, 20–23, 27, 51–52, 67, 68, 78
-
De Gaulle on, 47, 67–68, 79n
- developing countries, 38, 60
- negotiation difficulties, 48,
54–56, 60
-
U.K. position, 25, 74,
77, 79–80, 82–85,
86, 89, 91, 102–104, 136–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161, 209, 299–300
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, U.K.
position on, 272, 275, 303–304
-
GATT:
- German relations with, 76, 97–98, 99, 159, 160, 362–363, 511
- Berlin, 419, 461, 543
-
Burgess on, 141
-
De Gaulle, 353
-
EEC and, 97–98,
99, 159, 209, 301
-
Erhard on, 123
-
Hallstein on, 136, 137–138
-
Monnet on, 76
-
NATO:
- air power, 463–464
- French forces, 643–644
- naval forces, 416,
423, 438
- nuclear power, 460,
645–648, 639–640, 645–647, 664
- Saar, 136
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 12, 221–223
-
Van der Beugel on, 79
- international affairs, De Gaulle on, 352–354, 720–721
- Italian relations, 98, 119–120, 150n
-
NATO, 71, 306–307, 357–358, 459,
461–464,
468–469,
477–479,
532, 543–544, 545, 563–577, 560–561
- air power, 516, 526, 556, 559, 563–576, 580–581, 640n
- U.S. withdrawal, Canadian position, 758
- Algeria, 319–320, 331, 416, 418, 421, 425, 429, 437, 456–458, 467
- costs, 490, 492, 497, 499
- Defense Ministers Conference, 317, 318–319
- disarmament, 334–335, 343, 345, 346
-
EEC and, 296, 297, 300, 301–302
-
Eisenhower
meetings, 558–559, 563–566
- German interests, 460, 645–648, 639–640, 645–647, 664
- air power, 463–464
- French forces in Germany, 643–644
- naval forces, 416,
423, 438
- nuclear power, 460,
639–640, 645–648, 664
- Saar, 136
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit, 12, 221–223
-
Van der Beugel on, 79
-
IRBM’s, 412, 423, 426, 488
-
MC–70 plan, 316, 395
- Mediterranean fleet, 412, 413–442, 459–460, 526, 564, 574, 576, 581
-
NIE on, 62, 63
- non-military activities, 331
-
Norstad on, 357–358, 418, 429–430, 434, 438, 442, 459–460, 461–464, 477–478, 552, 563–577, 580–583
- Norwegian role, 462
- nuclear capabilities, 306,
459, 468–469, 472–473, 474, 556, 568–569, 571, 575, 581–583, 594, 597–598, 604–605, 610–611, 613, 619, 639–640, 642, 643–647, 664, 760
- nuclear submarines, 419–420, 610–611, 635, 651, 656, 664
- personnel commitment, 408,
499, 519
-
SHAPE, 552, 567, 570, 571, 572, 573, 580
-
Spaak on, 424–428, 456–458, 467, 533–535
-
NIE on, 62, 63
- North Atlantic Council, 412
- nuclear weapons, 63, 66, 302, 306, 459,
472–473,
474, 712
-
OEEC, 419–420, 560, 610–611, 635,
651, 656, 664
-
De Gaulle on, 79n
, 296, 360, 399
-
Dillon on, 205–206, 207–216, 217, 235
- EC initiative of French, 300,
302
- Ministerial Meeting on FTA, 82
- quotas, dollar area, 93
- reorganization of, 235
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 12, 222–223
- Outer Seven relations, 153, 158, 207–217, 272,
273–274
-
SACEUR, 462, 556, 568
- socialist parties, 87–88
- Soviet relations, 75, 334–335, 560–561, 721
- steel prices, ECSC intervention, 130–131
- submarines, 419–420, 610–611, 635,
651, 656, 664
- Tunisian relations, 460
-
Tuthill–Monnet conversation, 72–76
-
U.K. relations:
- bilateral relations, 75, 159, 299–300
-
EEC-European Free Trade
Area, 25, 74, 77, 79–80,
82–85, 89, 91, 102–104, 36–138, 155–156, 158, 160–161, 209, 299–300
- European Free Trade Association, 272, 275, 303–304
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 12, 221–223
-
U.N. interests:
-
Frank, Isaiah, 152–158
-
Fujiyama, Aiichiro, 237
-
Fulbright, J. William, 305–307, 664
-
Gaillard, Felix, 320n
, 331
-
Gates, Thomas S., 488, 489–490, 493, 494, 496, 516, 517, 527, 582, 597, 616–620, 633, 634–635, 637, 649, 651–654, 772, 797
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):
- agricultural products, 217, 224–226, 778–779
- Canada:
- lead and zinc, 784
- oil trade, 732
- Danish-Swedish trade agreement, 183–184
- EC, 39, 293
-
EEC:
-
Butterworth on,
145–146
- Common Agricultural Policy, 224–226
-
Dillon on, 148–149, 151–152, 187–188, 190, 191, 194, 213–214, 269
-
Erhard on, 148–149, 198–200
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
- French position, 73, 156, 157, 217, 303
- German position, 121, 124, 197–198, 198–199
-
Hallstein Report,
105
-
Marjolin on, 153, 163
- Outer Seven, 148–149, 151–152, 156, 157, 162–164, 199–200, 187–188, 264–271
-
U.K. position, 303, 304
- U.S. representatives meeting with EC Presidents, 127, 128–129
- European Free Trade Area, 20, 26, 29, 49, 50, 53, 54–56
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
meeting, 79n
-
Butterworth on,
145–146
-
Dillon on, 138–139, 148–149
- Dutch position, 78
-
Erhard on, 148–149
-
OEEC, 54–55,
56, 207, 215
-
U.K. position, 25, 68,
102, 103, 178–179, 240–242, 275
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, 187–188, 190–191, 203,
293
- German position, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
- Outer Seven-U.S. talks, 203
-
U.K. position, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293
- French position:
- German position, 197–198, 199–200
-
OEEC, 54–56
-
Burgess on, 258
-
Butterworth on,
87
-
Dillon talks with
French, 207–216
- German policy, 121, 124
-
Hallstein Report,
105
- Ministerial Meeting, 81
- quotas, dollar area, 93–94
- U.S. representatives, meeting, 111–112
- Swedish-Danish trade agreement, 183–184
-
U.K. position, 160, 240–242
-
EEC, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 293, 303, 304
- European Free Trade Area, 25,
68, 102, 103, 178–179, 240–242, 275
-
Gerig, Benjamin O., 38
- German reunification, 341
- Germany, Federal Republic of (see also
Berlin):
- coal:
- defense costs, general, 198
- developing countries, 193, 196–197, 200, 219,
220
-
Dillon on:
-
Adenauer meeting,
174, 194–201
- quotas on U.S. coal, 100–102
- Western European integration, position, 120–125
-
Dulles on:
- Berlin, 385, 410
- quotas on U.S. coal, 95–96
- reunification, 337
-
U.K. forces in:
- ECSC, 95–96,
100–102,
123–124,
130–131
-
EEC:
-
Bismarck’s Reich and, 169
-
De Gaulle–Adenauer negotiations, 79n
, 138, 291, 292, 294–296, 298–299, 358, 423
- French and, 97–98, 99,
159, 209, 301
-
GATT, 121, 124, 197–198, 198–199
- Outer Seven and, 220
-
U.K. position on, 186, 272, 273
- U.S. representatives, meeting on, 120–125
-
EURATOM:
-
AEC cooperation, 19
- EC international project, 166
- nuclear materials, 4, 108
- research, 133
- European Free Trade Area-Association-EEC relations, 53, 55, 68, 78, 79, 89–90, 122–123, 209, 296
-
Adenauer–Dillon meeting, 174, 194–201
-
EEC-U.S. talks, 187–188, 190–191
-
GATT and, 187–188, 190–191, 203, 293
- Scandinavian trade, 149
-
U.K. position on, 53, 55,
68, 78, 79, 89–90,
174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 194–195, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 272, 273–274, 276, 277, 293
- French relations, 76, 97–98, 99, 159, 160, 362–363, 511
- Berlin, 419, 461, 543
-
Burgess on, 141
-
De Gaulle, 353
-
EEC and, 97–98,
99, 159, 209, 301
-
Erhard on, 123
-
Hallstein on, 136, 137–138
-
Monnet on, 76
-
NATO:
- air power, 463–464
- French forces, 643–644
- naval forces, 416,
423, 438
- nuclear power, 460,
645–648, 639–640, 645–647, 664
- Saar, 136
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 221–223
-
Van der Beugel on, 79
-
GATT, 197–198, 199–200
- Greek relations, 198, 200, 220
- Italian relations, 120
-
NATO, 400, 539, 546–548, 562, 579,
589
- Arctic inspection zone, 332
- Baltic Sea, 548
- Belgian troops in, 523
- costs, 475–476, 489, 490, 499, 506, 547, 548
- Cyprus settlement, 454
- French air power, 463–464
- French fleet, 416, 423, 438
- French forces, 643–644
- French nuclear capability, 460, 639–640, 645–648, 664
-
MC–70 plan, 316, 394–395, 406–407, 547
- military personnel:
- personnel commitment, 519,
547
-
U.K. forces in:
- weapons development, 546
-
OEEC, 55, 122, 124, 205,
209, 210, 211, 222–223
- Outer Seven and, general, 153, 220
- Soviet relations (see also
Berlin):
- Scandinavian trade, 149
- steel prices, ECSC intervention, 130–131
- Turkish relations, 198, 200, 220
-
U.K. relations:
- European Free Trade Area-Association, 53, 55, 68, 78,
79, 89–90, 174, 178, 180–181, 183–185, 187–188, 194–195, 203, 209–210, 240–242, 272, 273–274, 276, 277, 293
-
Macmillan on, 194–195
-
NATO, U.K. forces in, costs, 327–328, 348
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 12, 221–223
- Western European integration, general, 86, 120–125
- Western European integration, NIE on, 63
-
Gilson, Arthur, 550
-
Giraud, Gen. Henri Honore, 463
-
Gleason, S. Everett, 366–369, 442–447
-
Glenn, Edmund S., 639
-
Golden, D.A., 715
-
Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 108
-
Goodpaster, Gen. Andrew J., 370, 411n
, 419n
, 477, 488n
, 497–500, 516, 518n
,
611–614, 628–638, 801n
, 804, 806, 812
-
Gore–Booth, Sir Paul, 175, 228, 229, 231
-
Gray, Gordon, 220, 366, 368, 443–446, 505, 509–511, 515, 516, 600, 603–604
- nuclear weapons, 615, 616, 619,
620, 648–649, 654–656, 658, 661–663, 666–667
- U.S.-Canadian relations, 725, 726, 728,
797
- Greece:
-
EEC association, 170, 190,
293
- European Free Trade Area, 20
- German relations, 198, 200, 220
-
NATO, 608–609
- costs, 540, 548, 551, 562
- Cyprus situation, 71, 358, 383, 454, 714
- Danish on, 540
- disarmament negotiations, 335–336, 542
- economic cooperation, 383–384
-
MC–70 plan, 548, 551
- political consultation, 331,
383
- Soviet Union:
- Outer Seven and, 154–155
-
Green, Howard C., 542, 683, 756, 762, 789–792, 794–795, 807, 808, 809, 811, 812
-
Greene, Joseph N., Jr., 720
-
Greenwald, Joseph A., 175
-
Groeben, Hans van der, 187
-
Gromyko, Andrei A., 712,
757
-
Gruber, Karl, 24
-
Gruenther, Gen. Alfred M., 411n
-
Guillaumat, Pierre, 395,
533, 545, 552, 571, 573
-
Gursel, Gen. Cemal, 608–609
-
Guthrie, Gen. John S., 376, 459
-
Hadraba, Theodore J., 168
-
Hagerty, James C., 370
-
Hagglof, Ingemar, 201
-
Hall, John, 45
-
Hallstein, Walter:
- EC, French integration plans, 156
-
EEC:
- Commission appointment, 1–2
- Commission, U.S. problems with, 172
- Customs union acceleration, 256, 263, 272
-
Hallstein Report,
150n
,
151, 152, 162–164
-
OEEC relations, 105
- political integration, 292
-
U.K., 136–138
-
EEC relations with OEEC, 183
-
OEEC relations with
FTA-EFTA, 102, 272
- U.S. representatives meeting with:
-
Hamilton, Alvin, 718–720
-
Hammarskjöld, Dag, 713
-
Hancke, Rolf, 264
-
Handal, Nils K., 391,
550
-
Hansen, Hans C.S., 338–339, 544
-
Harkness, Douglas S., 700, 704
-
Hartman, Arthur A., 264
-
Harvey, Mose L., 8–9
- Hawk missiles, 380, 476
-
Haymerle, Heinrich, 147–148
-
Heath, 301
-
Heathcoat Amory, Derick:
-
Heeney, A.D.P., 756, 763–764, 789, 803, 808, 810–811
-
Hennessey, John J., 413
-
Herter, Christian A.:
- Canada, 788
- China, People’s Republic of, recognition of, 759
- Columbia River, 789
- defense cooperation, 758–760, 772
-
Diefenbaker
meeting, 756–760
- disarmament, 757–758, 759
- economic relations, 760, 773, 809–811
- Laos, 759
- maritime law, 811
-
NATO, 758, 760
- nuclear weapons, 759–760
- Soviet Union, 809
-
U.N. delegation, 808–813
- Dutch position on integration, 150–152
- EC, French political initiative, 298–301
-
EEC-Outer Seven relations, 162–164, 172–174, 303–304
-
EURATOM–AEC cooperation, 5–7, 19, 45–46, 106–107, 166–168
- European Free Trade Area, impasse negotiations, 77–80
- industrialized countries, mobilization of, 172–174
-
NATO:
- classified correspondence, 518
- costs, 488–496, 510, 514, 551, 679–681
-
De Gaulle proposals, 367–369
- Dutch position, 450–452
-
Eisenhower visit,
480–484
- French fleet, 416–420, 423n
, 427–428, 437–442
-
MC–70 plan, 510, 654
-
NAC Ministerial Meetings,
531–533, 540–542, 584–587, 590
- non-military aspects, 501–504
-
NSC on, 366–369, 443, 445, 446, 648–651, 653–654, 656
- nuclear weapons, 370–371, 465–466, 649–651, 653–654, 656, 664, 676–679
- Soviet disarmament summit, 553, 561–562
-
10-year plan, 540n
, 622n
, 644, 648, 674–683
-
U.K. military personnel
reductions, 524–525
-
U.N. and, 643–644
- U.S. force strength, 507, 514, 518, 521, 602, 603, 681
-
OEC, formation, 252–256
-
OEEC:
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit, 553,
561–562
-
Hickerson, John D., 140
-
Hirsch, Etienne:
-
Hodson, Vice Marshal, 763
-
Holifield, Chet, 64
-
Holmes, John, 720
-
Hood, Viscount, 271
-
Hoover, Herbert, 524
-
Houghton, Amory:
-
AEC–EURATOM cooperation, 17–18
-
EEC-Outer Seven relations, 207
- European Free Trade Area, 54–56
- French position on integration, 96–100, 169n
, 558–559
-
GATT, FTA, and OEEC, 54–56
-
NATO, 531, 558–559, 681n
-
Houten, Hans Rudolf van, 543
-
Hugh, L. Campbell, 715
- Iceland:
- European Chiefs of Mission meeting, 70,
71, 72
- fisheries, 70, 71, 72, 375
-
NATO, role in, 349, 491
- India:
-
Eisenhower visit, 521–522
-
U.K. aid to, 197
- Western European integration, 88
- wheat agreement, 802
- Intercontinental ballistic missiles, 602, 633, 634, 741
- Intermediate range ballistic missiles, 314–315, 594n
, 606
- French position, 412, 423, 426,
488
- Italian siting:
-
NATO Defense Ministers
Conference, 317–319, 395
-
NSC on, 602
-
SACEUR, 395–396, 486
- Tartars, French capabilities, 459
- Titans, 489
- Turkey, 550
-
U.K. support costs, 476
- Western European ambassadors conference, 38
- International Atomic Energy Commission:
-
EURATOM:
-
NATO, 655n
- Soviet-U.S. relations, 168
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 197, 256, 303, 624, 702, 703
- International Development Agency, 197, 239
- International Monetary Fund, 87, 150n
, 157, 303, 492, 702–703
- Iran, 641
- Ireland, 70
-
Irwin, John, II, 237, 475, 484–488, 490, 491, 496, 600–601, 604, 618, 633, 635, 652, 661–662, 665–666, 681n
, 769, 771
-
Ismay, Lord, 813
- Israel, 39
- Italy:
- disarmament negotiations, 338, 542–543, 554
- Dutch position on, 150n
- EC, political aspects, 297
- ECSC “manifest crisis” provisions, 114n
-
EEC role, 119, 554–555
- elections, 337
- European Free Trade Area, 78
- French relations, 98, 119–120, 150n
- German relations, 120
-
IRBM siting in, 412, 453–454, 548
-
NATO, 553
- air power, 552
- costs, 476, 548–549
-
De Gaulle proposals, 377–378
- disarmament negotiations, 338,
542–543, 554
-
MC–70 plan, 316, 393, 548
- non-military activities, 330,
382
-
OEEC links, 554–555
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit, 554
- submarines, 635, 656
- nuclear research, SENN project, 248,
287, 311
-
OEEC role, 119, 554–555
- Western European integration, general, 118–120
-
Jackling, Roger, 175
-
Jacobsson, Per, 157, 190
-
Jandrey, Frederick W.:
- Canadian air defense, 684–685
-
U.K.-EURATOM–OEEC
relations, 11–13
- Jansen, 415
- Japan:
- Belgian nuclear material sales to, 109
- competition, wage factors, 160
- development aid, 238–239
-
NATO costs, 607
-
OEEC association, 173, 199,
213, 222, 236–239
-
Jarring, Gunnar, 264–267, 270
-
Jeanneney, Jean-Marcel, 114n
, 116
-
Jebb, Sir Gladwyn, 422
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 305,
307, 664
- Joint Atomic Energy Committee, 656
- Joint Chiefs of Staff, 525–527, 531–535, 656, 660, 661
- Joint Industrial Mobilization Planning Committee, 723, 739
-
Joxe, Louis, 354
-
Kekkonen, Urho, 140
-
Khrushchev, Nikita S.:
- Berlin situation, 523–524, 541
- Canada, 37, 326, 806
-
Dulles on, 37,
326
-
Eisenhower:
- European Chiefs of Mission meeting, 71
-
Larock on, 342
- Lippmann articles, 75
-
Thompson on, 37
-
Kidder, Randolph A., 531
-
Kind, Herbert, 264
-
Kishi, Nobusuke, 237–239
-
Kistiakowsky, George B., 516
-
Klonne, August, 309–310
-
Knight, Robert H., 307, 459, 484
-
Knuth-Winterfeldt, Gustav, 264
-
Kohler, Foy D., 121–125, 271, 298, 459, 591, 594, 595, 633, 639, 640, 763–764, 789, 808
-
Kohnstamm, Max:
-
Krag, Jens Otto, 331, 382, 550
-
Krapf, Franz, 120–125
-
Kreisky, Bruno, 104–105, 147
-
Kristensen, Thorkil, 309–310
-
Kruisheer, J.C., 150–152
-
Laloy, Jean, 415
-
Landy, Pierre, 416
-
Lange, Halvard, 82, 536, 538
- Arctic inspection zone, 329
-
NATO political consultation, 381–382
- Soviet disarmament negotiations, 340–341, 344
-
Langer, Wolfram A., 120–125
- Laos, 759
-
Larock, Victor, 331, 341–342
-
Laskey, Denis, 327
-
LDC’s. See
Developing countries.
- Lebanon, 336–337,
354, 360–361, 712–713
-
Leddy, John:
-
EEC:
- German situation, Adenauer–Dillon meeting, 196
-
OEEC, 57
- Dutch position on, 233
-
U.K. position on, 228, 231
-
Lee, Sir Frank, 95, 175, 182, 184, 228–231
-
Leffingwell, William M., 484
-
Leger, Jules, 709, 712, 720
-
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman L., 500, 609, 655, 681n
, 795–796
-
LePan, Douglas V., 700,
715, 718
-
Leusse, Pierre de, 425–426, 474
-
Lewis, John L., 96
- Libya, 336–337
-
Lippmann, Walter, 75
- List F tariffs, 225
- List G tariffs, 188–189, 209
- Little Free Trade Area, 154, 158
-
Lloyd, Selwyn, 219
-
EEC, 541
- European Free Trade Association, relations, 174–185, 241, 274
-
NATO, 540–542
-
De Gaulle on, 360, 399
- disarmament negotiations, 333–334, 341, 343–344, 346
- Libya and Lebanon, 336–337
- military personnel reductions, 524–525
- non-military activities, 330,
360, 382–383
-
U.K. forces in Germany,
costs, 327–328, 348
-
OEEC, 222
- Soviet summit, 333–334
-
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 534
-
Lodge, John D., 40
-
Long, E.T., 769
-
Looram, Matthew J.:
- Algerian policy of French, 320n
- European integration, 30–31
-
NATO nuclear stockpile, 354–355
-
Lucet, Charles, 298, 320n
, 416, 428n
-
Lundy, David, 715
-
Luns, Joseph M.A.H.:
-
NATO:
- Arctic inspection zone, 336
-
Eisenhower meeting,
477, 480–484
-
NAC Ministerial Meeting,
379–380, 450–452, 683
- non-military activities, 331
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit, 335
-
OEEC, 233–234, 235
- Western European integration, position on, 150–152
- Luxembourg (see also
BENELUX
):
- Belgo-Luxembourg Economic Union, 283
-
NATO, 544
-
Lyon, Cecil B., 216, 422–423
-
MacArthur, Douglas, II, 237
-
Macmillan, Harold:
- European Free Trade Area, 67–68
- European Free Trade Association-EEC relations, 271–278, 279n
, 280–281
-
EEC-U.K. relations, 185–186, 279n
, 280–281
- German-U.K. relations, 194–195
-
NATO, 497–498
-
De Gaulle on, 362
-
Eisenhower visit,
481
- nuclear weapons, 631
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit,
221–223
-
Maestrone, Frank E., 118–120
-
Magill, Robert N., 484
-
Makins, Sir Roger, 158,
175
-
Mann, Thomas C., 270
-
Mansfield, Michael, 789
-
Mansholt, Sicco Leendert, 59
-
Manzini, Raimondo, 377
-
Marjolin, Robert, 73, 187
- currency convertibility, 95n
- developing countries, 193
- EC:
-
Marshall Plan, 519
-
Martin, Edwin M., 264,
271
-
Martin, Graham, 484
-
Mathais, Marcello Duarte, 540
-
Matthews, H. Freeman, 24,
104–105
-
Matthews, W.D., 720
-
Maudling, Reginald, 52, 53, 59, 74, 77, 79–80, 82, 175, 181–182, 241
-
Mayer, René, 1
-
MC–70
defense system, 315, 487, 493
-
AEC, 619
- Belgian role, 315–316, 393–394
- Canadian position, 316, 401
- Congressional action, 377, 619
- costs, 507–508, 617
- Danish role, 316
- Dutch role, 316, 389, 545–546
- French role, 316, 395
- German role, 316, 394–395, 406–407, 547
- Greek role, 548, 551
- Italian role, 316, 393, 548
- Luxembourg role, 316
-
NAC Ministerial Meeting, 315–317, 377, 379,
387, 388–390, 393–399, 545n
, 679
-
NATO Defense Ministers
Conference, 316–318, 345
-
NSC on, 367–369, 445, 507–508, 509–510, 513,
601, 603, 604, 617–619, 654, 665,
667
- Portuguese role, 316
-
Spaak on, 402, 534,
549
- Turkish role, 391–392
-
U.K. role, 316, 389–390
-
McBride, Robert H., 216, 377, 416, 418, 438n
, 459
-
McCarthy, John G., 51, 80–81, 84–85, 204
-
McCone, John, 164, 220, 582, 618, 619, 652–655, 656, 662
-
McElroy, Neil H., 328, 376, 386, 400, 411n
, 488, 490–496, 498, 511–514, 516
-
McGuire, Perkins, 723
-
McKinney, Robert, 289
-
McNaughton, Gen. Andrew G.L.,
719
-
Meany, George, 189, 309–310
- Mediterranean Sea:
-
AFMED, 413, 434
-
NATO, French fleet, 412, 413–442, 459–460, 526,
564, 574, 576, 581
- Medium range ballistic missiles, 582n
, 594n
, 596–600, 612, 629, 631, 633–642, 649, 650n
, 651–656, 658–659, 676–679, 683–684
-
Dillon on, 596–598, 639, 640,
663–666
- Dutch role, 655
- German role, 664
-
Merchant on, 633–634, 640
-
Norstad on, 594n
, 637, 677,
678
-
NSC on, 649, 650n
, 661–668
-
SACEUR and, 582n
, 634–637, 663, 676,
677
-
Spaak on, 596–600, 637, 639–642, 683
-
MEDOC, 573
-
Merchant, Livingston T., 416
- Canada, 801n
- Columbia River, 789
- defense cooperation, 710n
, 758, 769–772, 792
-
Eisenhower visit,
685–686, 692, 698, 700, 705, 709
-
Herter visit, 756
- immigration policy, 705
-
U.N. delegation, 808
-
NATO:
-
De Gaulle proposals, 377
-
Eisenhower visit,
480
- French fleet, 419n
, 428, 436
-
IRBM’s, 484
- Ministerial Meetings, 376,
377, 531
-
MRBM’s, 633–634, 640
- non-military aspects, 307
- nuclear weapons, 484, 633–634, 639, 640
-
NSC on, 505, 509n
, 515
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit and Berlin, 505–506
- submarines, 636–638
- U.S. force commitment, 505–506
-
OEEC, 222–223
-
U.K. position on EEC, 89–91
- Mexico, 706
- Middle East (see also
Arab-Israeli conflict; Palestinians; specific countries):
- Canadian oil trade and, 730
-
EEC and Saharan oil, 189, 217
-
NATO participation, 352, 641
- Suez Canal, 88–89, 134
- Western European integration, general, 61, 88–89
-
Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich, 333
- Military personnel, 475, 519–520
- Belgian NATO commitment, 520, 523
- disarmament summit and, 345
- French NATO commitment, 408, 413,
428n
, 439, 441n
, 499,
519, 643–644
- Germany:
-
NAC resolution text, 557
-
NATO Defense Ministers
resolution, 578–580
-
NATO submarines, crew
nationality, 636–637
-
U.K. forces:
- U.S. forces in NATO, 408–409
-
Millar, Sir Frederick Hoyer, 222, 271, 276
-
Millar, John Y., 465n
-
Miller, Clarence A., 778–779, 781, 795
- Minute Man missiles, 489
- Missiles (see also
Intermediate range ballistic missiles; Medium range ballistic missiles):
- Atlas, 489
- Canadian-U.S. defense, 716, 717–718, 733–735, 737, 750–752, 791
- costs, 488n
,
489
- German position, 547
- Hawk, 380
-
ICBM’s, 602, 633, 634, 741
- Polaris, 631–632, 644
- Satellite-Missile Observation System, 602
- submarines equipped with, 331n
, 612
- Tartars, French capabilities, 459
- Titans, 489
-
Moch, Jules, 588
-
Moore, Gen. James E., 411n
-
Moniz. See
Botelho MonizBotelho
Moniz
.
-
Monnet, Jean, 290n
, 305–307
-
Brosio on, 119
- ECSC “manifest crisis” provisions, coal, 114, 116–117
-
Hallstein, Commission
appointment, 2
- Tuthill, conversations, 72–76, 305–307
-
Montan, Nils, 264
-
Montgomery, Bernard Law, 793, 813
-
Mori, Haruki, 237
-
Morse, True D., 224–226
-
Mountbatten, Adm. Louis, 489, 497
-
Mueller, Frederick H., 774, 780–781, 785–786
-
Mueller-Armack, Alfred, 59
-
Murphy, Robert:
-
Eisenhower tour with, 185n
,
- French position, 427–432, 458,
459–460
- Germany:
- Berlin and reunification, 455–456
- coal import quotas, 124
-
IRBM’s, 484
- Italian policy on European integration, 118–120
- Mutual Security Program, 445n
, 446
- National Intelligence Estimates:
- National Security Council:
- actions:
- No. 2964, 728
- No. 2017, 369
- No. 2149, 515
- No. 2165, 220
- No. 2187, 606
- No. 2243, 799–800
- No. 2274, 604–605
- No. 2275, 607
- No. 2292, 621
- No. 2334, 658–660
- No. 2336, 657–668
- No. 2340, 667n
- documents:
-
NSC
97–6, 731
-
NSC
5433–1, 442n
, 504
-
NSC
5810–1, 355–356, 442, 742
-
NSC
5822–1, 729–743, 797
-
NSC
5906–1, 356, 366–369, 504
-
NSC
5915, 356, 515
-
NSC
5916, 605, 606
-
NSC
6017, 622n
, 648, 658, 661
- meetings:
-
373d, July, 24, 1958, 355–356
-
376th, Aug. 14, 1958, 725–728
-
390th, Dec. 11, 1958, 366–369
-
392d, Dec. 23, 1958, 729n
-
400th, Mar. 26, 1959, 442–447
-
415th, July 30, 1959, 356
-
424th, Nov. 12, 1959, 504–515
-
429th, Dec. 16, 1959, 218–220
-
446th, May 31, 1960, 797–800
-
454th, Aug. 1, 1960, 600–607
-
457th, Aug. 25, 1960, 615–621
-
467th, Nov. 17, 1960, 648–660, 661, 667, 668
-
468th, Dec. 1, 1960, 661–668
-
469th, Dec. 8, 1960, 667n
-
NATO. See
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
- Naval forces (see also
Submarines):
- Baltic Sea, 548
- Canadian-U.S. cooperation, 724
-
MC–70 plan,
549
-
NATO, French fleet, 412, 413–442, 459–460, 526,
564, 567, 574, 576, 581
-
Adenauer on, 416, 423
- Algerian situation and, 416,
418, 421, 425, 429, 437
-
Burgess on, 420–421, 427–428, 458
-
De Gaulle on, 413–442, 458, 564, 567, 581
- German position, 416, 423, 438
-
Herter on, 416–420, 423n
, 427–428, 437–442
-
SACEUR, 414, 419, 428, 433, 435–436, 442, 574
- Tartar missiles, 459
- Soviet Union, 318
- Netherlands (see also
BENELUX
):
-
Adenauer talks, 302
- Berlin, position on, 452, 453
- Chinese People’s Republic relations, 453
- disarmament negotiations, 335, 543, 553
-
EEC, 78–79, 92n
,
-
EURATOM, 133
- European Free Trade Area, 77–80, 92n
- French relations, 150n
-
GATT, 78
- Italian relations, 150n
-
NATO, 78, 450–452, 607
- Arctic inspection zone, 336
- disarmament negotiations, 335,
543, 553
-
Eisenhower on, 477, 480–484
- French fleet withdrawal, 452
-
MC–70 plan, 316, 389, 545–546
-
MRBM’s, 655
-
NAC Ministerial Meeting,
379–380, 386, 400, 450–452, 543, 683
- non-military activities, 331
- Soviet Union:
- Chinese People’s Republic economic cooperation,
453
- disarmament summit, 335, 543, 553
- submarines, 635, 656
-
OEEC, 78, 205, 209, 210,
233–234,
235
-
U.K. relations, 79–80
-
U.N., 150n
- Western European integration, general, 86, 150–152
-
Neuberger, Richard L., 711, 720
- New Zealand, 283–284
- Nicaro Project, 706
-
Nigro, Edward H., 413
- Nine Power Treaty, 524
-
Nixon, Richard M., 218,
220, 447
-
Nolting, Frederick H.:
- European Free Trade Area-NATO,
26–28
-
NATO:
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 31–33
-
NORAD. See
North American Air Defense Command.
-
Norstad, Gen. Lauris
-
Adenauer, disarmament
inspections, 608
- Berlin, Congressional testimony, 409–410
-
NATO, 371, 376, 377, 477–479, 511
- costs, 490, 494, 497–500, 681n
- Defense Ministers Conference, 317, 318–319
- French role, 357–358, 418, 429–430, 434, 438, 442, 459–460, 461–464, 477–478, 552, 563–577, 580–583
- Greek position, 608–609
-
IRBM’s, 395–396, 487, 594n
- leadership changes, 410–412
-
MC–70 plan, 396, 487, 551
-
MRBM’s, 594n
, 637, 677, 678
- nuclear weapons in Europe, 551, 609–610, 628–632, 651–652
- retirement of, 609
- North American Air Defense Command:
- North Atlantic Council:
- air defense, 640n
- Berlin situation, 349–350, 373,
379, 385, 390, 452, 453, 554, 589
- Canadian role, 339, 373, 386,
391, 542, 550, 552, 554
- disarmament, 331–336, 340–346, 553–554, 588–590
-
Dulles at, 325–326, 337–351, 371–404
- East-West relations, Pella on, 142
- French position, 412
-
Herter at, 531–533, 540–542, 584–587, 590
- Lebanon, 360–361
-
MC–70 plan,
315–317,
377, 379, 387, 388–390, 393–399, 545n
, 679
- military personnel, 557, 578–580,
- Ministerial Meetings, 314–315, 325–348, 376–404, 447–450, 453–457, 527–558, 583–590, 668–683
- Annual Review, text, 396–398
- Arctic inspection zone, 325,
326, 329, 331, 332, 336
- agendas and participants, 320–324, 371–375, 447–450, 527–530, 583–587, 668–674
- classified documents, 347,
398
- defense resolution text, 402–403
- disarmament, 331–336, 340–346, 553–554, 588–590
- Dutch role, 379–380, 386, 400, 450–452, 543, 683
- Germany, U.K. forces in,
costs, 327–328
-
NATO Defense Ministers
resolution, 578–579
-
R&D, 329, 390, 454, 595–596, 675–676
-
SACEUR, 386–389, 391, 394–396, 400, 594
- North American food stockpiles, 330n
-
NSC on, 366–369, 658
- nuclear weapons, 658
-
OECD, 384
-
SACEUR, 386–389, 391, 394–396, 400,
594
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit, 331–347, 539, 588–589
- Turkish positions, 382, 550–551
-
U.N. and, 643
- North Atlantic Defense Ministers Conferences, 314–315, 577–580
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization. See
MC–70 defense system; North Atlantic
Council; Wise Men;
NATO subheadings under other
subjects and persons.
- Norway:
- Arctic inspection zone, 329
- disarmament negotiations, 340–341, 553
-
EEC-European Free Trade
Association relations, 264, 269
- European Chiefs of Mission, meeting, 70
- European Free Trade Area, 82, 384
-
NATO, 386, 391, 550
- disarmament, 340–341, 553
- economic cooperation, 454,
550
- European Free Trade Area, 384
- French position, 462
-
MC–70 plan, 316
- political consultation, 381–382, 553
- Soviet Union, disarmament summit, 553
-
OEEC relations, 10, 32, 82, 384
- Yugoslavia, OEEC membership, 32
-
Norwood, Bernard, 187
-
Nowlan, George C., 698–699
- Nuclear materials:
-
AEC–EURATOM cooperation, 6, 42, 144
- Atomic Energy Act, 355n
- Belgian position, 107–109, 288
- bilateral agreements on purchase, 4
-
EURATOM, nuclear weapons
control, 107–109
- South Africa, 4, 107n
- Nuclear power (see
Atomic Energy Commission;
EURATOM
; International Atomic Energy Commission; Reactors)
- Atomic Energy Authority, 3
- Atomic Energy Act of 1946, 694
- Atomic Energy Act of 1954, 355n
, 469, 470,
629, 742
- Joint Atomic Energy Committee, 656
- submarines:
- French-U.S. cooperation, 419–420, 610–611, 635, 651, 656, 664
- Polaris, 612, 633–638, 650, 651, 663–667, 677
- Soviet Union, peaceful purposes, 167,
168
- Nuclear weapons (see also
Disarmament; Missiles):
-
Burgess on, 467–468, 470–473, 639, 641,
664
- Canada, 694–695, 697, 726, 729,
740–743,
747, 759–760, 795
- Congressional action, 465–466, 469n
, 473,
619–620,
631, 637, 638, 640, 641, 649, 664,
683
-
EURATOM, IAEC weapons control,
35–36,
107–109
- French:
-
De Gaulle on, 354–355, 474, 514, 597–598, 610, 613, 629–631, 639–640, 642, 645–647, 721, 760
- French involvement, 63, 66, 302, 306, 459,
472–473,
474, 712
-
NATO, 459, 468–469, 472–473, 474, 556, 568–569, 571, 575, 581–583, 594, 597–598, 610–611, 613, 619,
-
NATO, 63, 339, 525–526, 604–605, 611–612, 622–623, 628–642, 676–679
- testing:
-
Diefenbaker–Herter meeting, 759–760
-
Dulles on, 325, 353, 596n
-
Eisenhower on, 331n
-
Pineau on, 345, 472–473
- Soviet Union, 331, 523–524, 623, 678
-
O’Beirne, Frank, 763
-
Ockrent, Roger Albert, 32,
59, 204–205
-
OEC. See
Organization for Economic Cooperation.
-
OECD. See
Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development.
-
OEEC. See
Organization for European Economic
Cooperation.
-
O’Grady, James W., 413
-
O’Hurley, J. Raymond, 715, 717
- Oil:
- Canadian trade, 706–707, 726,
728, 729–733, 746, 753–755, 782–783, 785
-
EEC:
-
EURATOM, African oil and gas
resources, 134
- Middle East, 189, 217
- Venezuelan, 731–732
- Organization for Economic Cooperation:
- Canadian association, 243, 244, 254
- developing countries, 243, 244, 250–252, 255–256, 260–261, 262
- European Regional Organizations:
- Development Assistance Group, role, 244, 250–251
- formation and constitution, 243–247
- formation and constitution, 243–247, 252–262
- Japanese involvement, 250n
, 261
-
NATO involvement, 243–247
- Development Assistance Group, role, 250–251
-
OEEC, relation to, 243, 244,
245
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development:
- developing countries, 262, 309–310, 681–682
- EC integration and, 292–293
- French initiative, 300, 302
-
Adenauer–De
Gaulle talks, 296
-
Monnet on, 306–307
- establishment, 282, 313
-
NATO:
- Soviet participation in, 285
- Organization for European Economic Cooperation:
- agricultural products, 31–33
- balance of payments, 165
- Belgian role, 209, 210
-
Butterworth on, 86–87
- Canadian association, 173, 222, 235,
236, 746
- Congressional action, 173, 232
- Danish position, 31–33, 82
-
De Gaulle on, 79n
, 296,
360, 399
- developing countries, 20, 204–205, 213, 222–223, 230,
231, 235, 236
- Dutch position, 78, 205, 209,
210, 233–234, 235
- economic cycles, 193–194
- EC relations, 176, 179, 292–293
-
EEC relations:
-
Burgess, 165
-
Dillon–Lloyd meeting, 174, 175–185
-
Dillon-Scherpenberg
on, 201
-
Hallstein Report,
105
- Ministerial Meeting, 80–81, 204–205
-
Herter on, 173–174
-
NIE on, 63
- Treaty of Rome, 55, 83, 94
-
U.K.-OEEC-EC relations, 174, 175–186
- U.S. representatives, meeting, 111–113
-
Eisenhower on, 235–236, 252–256
-
EURATOM:
- European Free Trade Area, 14–15, 22, 23, 26, 28, 53–56, 80–85
-
Adenauer–De Gaulle
meeting, 79n
-
Butterworth on,
86
- developing countries, 20
-
Dillon on, 139
-
Dulles on, 47–51
- Dutch position, 78
-
GATT and, 54–55,
56, 207, 215
-
U.K. position, 67–68,
77, 90–91, 102–104
- European Free Trade Association, 174,
204–207,
252
- European Productivity Agency, 113
- European Regional Organizations:
- Finnish relations, 7–10, 32, 69–70, 140
- French role, 419–420, 560, 610–611, 635, 651,
656, 664
-
De Gaulle on, 79n
, 296, 360, 399
-
Dillon on, 205–206, 207–216, 217, 235
- EC initiative of French, 300,
302
- quotas, dollar area, 93
- Ministerial Meeting on FTA, 82
- reorganization of, 235
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 222–223
-
GATT, 54–56
-
Burgess on, 258
-
Butterworth on,
87
-
Dillon talks with
French, 207–216
- European Free Trade Area, 54–55, 56, 207, 215
- French position, 207–216
- German policy, 121, 124
-
Hallstein Report,
105
- Ministerial Meeting, 81
- quotas, dollar area, 93–94
- U.S. representatives, meeting, 111–112
- German position, 55, 122, 124,
205, 209, 210, 211, 222–223
- Italian position, 119, 554–555
- Japanese association, 173, 199, 213,
222, 236–239
- Ministerial Meeting:
-
NATO and:
- Norwegian position, 10, 32, 82, 384
- nuclear research cooperation with U.S., 144
-
OEC, relation to, 243, 244,
245
- Development Assistance Group, role, 250, 251
-
OECD, relation to, 282
- Outer Seven and EC, 164–165
- reorganization, 228–233, 235–236, 243–247, 250–256
- quotas, dollar area, Dulles on, 92–95
- Scientific and Technical Personnel Program, 113
- Soviet Union:
- Spanish relations, 32, 110–111
- Special Committee, 226–227, 235–236
- Swedish relations, 10, 32, 82
- Turkish relations, 61, 384
-
U.K. relations, 67–68, 77, 90–91, 102–104, 175–185
-
Dillon talks, 205, 208–212, 228–233, 236
- EC-U.K.-OEEC relations, 174, 175–186
-
EURATOM participation,
11–13, 176
- European Free Trade Area, 67–68, 77, 90–91, 102–104
- reorganization, 228
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German
summit, 222–223
- Yugoslav membership, 31–32
- U.S. relations, general, 110–113, 173,
235
- dollar area, quotas, 92–95
- dollar discrimination, 165
- U.S.-U.K.-French-German summit,
222–223
- nuclear energy program, 12
- Yugoslav membership, 31–33
- Organization of American States, 713–714, 806–807
-
Ortoli, Adm., 574
- Outer Seven (see also
European Free Trade Association; specific countries):
- Austrian relations, 147–148
- EC relations with, 152–163, 164–165, 175–185, 187–188, 191,
202–203,
207–216,
218–219,
239–240
-
EEC relations, 148–149, 152–164, 174–175, 187–188, 190–192, 198–203, 207–216, 239–240, 264–271, 280, 293
-
Adenauer–Dillon talks, 199–200
- developing countries, 59–60, 155, 277
-
Dillon on, 148–149, 174–175, 187–188, 264–271, 280
- French position, 153, 158, 272, 273–274
-
GATT and, 148–149, 151–152, 156, 157, 162–164, 187–188, 199–200, 187–188, 264–271
- German position, 220
-
Herter on, 162–164, 172–174, 303–304
-
NATO, 201–205, 281
- U.S.-U.K. meeting, 174, 175–185, 271–278
- French relations, 153, 158, 207–217
-
GATT: