Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958–1960, Foreign
Economic Policy, Volume IV
Index
-
Abdul Ilah, Crown Prince, 425n
-
Achilles, Theodore C., 159, 184
-
Adair, Charles W., 159, 177n
, 266n
, 269n
,
283n
, 286n
-
Adams, Sherman, 32n
, 156, 175, 572n
, 573n
-
Adenauer, Konrad, 50, 63, 65, 71, 127, 132, 275
- less-developed countries, economic aid to, 30, 357, 366n
- U.S.-German Federal Republic financial talks, 129, 134,
142–145
- Advisory Committee on Government Organization, 459
- Afghanistan, 388, 401, 409, 537
- Soviet economic aid to, 11n
, 20, 31, 414
- U.S. economic aid to, 32, 379, 385,
414–415,
425, 503
- Africa, 54, 359,
372, 379, 518
- Agricultural surpluses. See under
Strategic resources and international commodities;
Trade and commercial policy.
- Agriculture, U.S. Department of, 105, 137, 255–256, 266, 299, 301, 307
- Aircraft engines, 193
- Algeria (see also
North Africa), 439,
492, 614, 678
-
Allyn, C.S., 14, 23
- Aluminum, 31–32,
41, 444, 621, 752
- American Cyanimid of Canada, 722
-
Amory, Derick Heathcoat. See
Heathcoat Amory,
Derick
.
-
Amory, Robert, Jr., 12
see also
North Africa), 439,
492, 614, 56, 729n
, 732n
, 752
-
Anderson, Jack Z., 168–170, 175, 419, 424–425, 427–428
-
Anderson, Robert B., 59, 95n
, 188, 206n
, 249n
, 255, 277n
, 539n
, 607, 661n
- Cuba, 782
- Germany, Federal Republic of, 30, 142–147, 281, 395,
528
- international commodity agreements, 563–564
- International Development Association, 322–323, 346–348, 352n
, 359–361, 372, 382–383, 391,
393–394
- international economic development, 315–316
- international financial and monetary policy, 76–78, 86, 88n
, 97–99, 101
- less-developed countries, 303–304, 307,
321, 354–359, 442, 473
- Mutual Security Program, 126, 447, 455–457, 528–532, 534–536, 540–541
- funding for, 37, 427, 440, 457, 543–546
- Military Assistance Program, 433, 469, 471, 478, 508–511
- oil, 552, 553, 555, 562n
, 574, 593,
608, 640–644, 648, 655,
663
- Soviet Union, 1–2, 23, 31, 38, 474, 655, 663, 751,
770n
, 780–781
- taxation of foreign investment, 317–320
- trade controls, 710, 755–757, 763
- United Kingdom, 121–122
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 44,
50–52,
55–56,
115n
, 124, 134–135, 137–139, 147–151, 210–211, 361–364
- U.S. economic situation, 28, 30, 453–454
- world economic situation, 24, 26–28
- Arab League Second Petroleum Congress, Beirut, Oct.
1960, 659–660, 673
- Arab Oil Congress, Cairo, Apr. 1959,
594
- Arab-Israeli conflict, 678
- Arabian American Oil Co. (ARAMCO), 631–632, 676n
, 678
-
Areeda, Phillip, 196–198, 204n
-
Arends, Leslie C., 421,
446
-
Arey, Hawthorne, 327,
375
- Argentina, 263, 382, 399, 567, 643, 659
-
Armstrong, Willis C., 697
-
Asakai, Koichiro, 162–165, 266–267
- Asbestos, 736
- Asia, 546, 666–667, 670
- Asian-African Solidarity Conference, Cairo, 1957, 9–10, 20
-
Aswan Dam, 663
- Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), 528, 665n
, 729–730, 733, 735n
- Australia, 83, 263,
314, 344, 388, 399
- Austria, 139, 219,
252–253, 254n
, 257
-
Ayub Khan, Mohammed, 537
-
Azores, 470, 506
- Baghdad Pact, 21, 688n
- Bahrain, 659, 672
-
Baird, Julian B., 11, 57, 76, 91n
, 104–105, 107–108, 110, 128, 130, 293, 327
- Balance of payments, 50–57, 64, 67–70, 96, 102–103, 109–110, 115–121, 123–130, 132, 134–140, 147–151, 210–211, 214, 242, 526–530, 534, 536–537, 542, 545–546
- Buy American policy (see also under Trade and commercial policy), 119, 361–364, 555–557, 561
- gold, 90–93,
95–97,
101–104,
110–115,
117, 122–123, 128–133, 150, 535,
545
- National Advisory Council studies, 249–254
- U.S. dependents abroad, 131–133, 135–139, 531,
546
-
Baldridge, H. Malcolm, 623
-
Barnes, Robert G., 308n
, 429
- Barter, 120, 656
- Battelle Institute, 768
-
Baumgartner, Wilfrid S., 144
-
Beale, Wilson T.M., 16n
, 76, 209, 214–221, 307, 617–620, 661
-
Bechtel, Stephen D., 23
-
Becker, Loftus E., 295–296, 445n
, 553, 562, 574–575
-
Beckner, Earl R., 648,
651
- Belgian Congo (see also
Congo, Republic of), 182, 379
- Belgium, 98, 109,
171, 182, 314, 367, 400, 454
- United States, relations with, 215,
243, 251–252, 777
- U.S. grant military aid to, 134, 468, 470,
483, 505–508, 512, 522,
525–526,
529–531,
540n
- Western Europe, 63, 65, 275
-
Bell, John O., 44, 48, 405n
, 458n
, 513–514
-
Bennett, Elmer F., 207–208
-
Bennett, Wallace F., 628
-
Benson, Ezra Taft, 1, 31, 50, 103, 152, 424, 593, 617n
-
Berenson, Robert L., 89,
100
- Berlin crisis, 49, 444, 447
- Bermuda Conference, 683
-
Bernau, Phyllis D., 2n
, 562
-
Betancourt, Romulo, 609
-
Bilder, Richard B., 630n
-
Birch, John A., 189n
, 257n
-
Bittermann, H.J., 125n
-
Black, Eugene R., 125, 358, 431
-
Black, Eugene R., Jr., 7n
, 8, 27
-
Black, Myron L., 697,
728n
-
Blackman, H.N., 577n
-
Blake, Richard W., 623
-
Blau, Clarence I., 566–567
-
Blessing, Karl, 66, 144, 276
- Bock, 253
-
Boeschenstein, Harold, 14, 37–38, 191, 325
- Boeschenstein Report, 315, 317–318, 325
-
Boggs, Marion W., 126, 472n
, 493n
, 504n
,
521n
, 587n
, 610n
, 633n
, 638n
, 640n
, 689n
, 770n
, 777n
, 933
-
Bohlen, Charles E., 373n
, 405n
- Bolivia, 41, 84,
171, 182, 216, 426, 641–643, 646–647
-
Bolton, Frances P., 460
-
Boster, David E., 315–316
-
Bowie, Robert R., 69
-
Bowles, Chester A., 53
-
Brand, Vance, 55n
, 353,
379, 389–390, 483–484
-
Brandt, Karl, 64–66, 275–277
- Brayne-Nicholls, Capt., 680
- Brazil, 10, 84, 216, 264, 305, 313, 339, 374, 638, 656
-
Brewster, Robert C, 204n
, 206n
, 257n
, 771n
-
Bricker, John, 445
- Bridges, Styles, 421, 460, 485, 491, 499–500, 516–518
-
Bristol, William M., 89,
100
- British Commonwealth of Nations, 81
- British Petroleum Co., Ltd., 630–631, 675n
-
Brodie, Henry, 68n
-
Brook, Norman, 24
-
Brown, Ben, 490
-
Brown, Emerson M., 228n
-
Brown, F.M., 249n
-
Brown, Gen. George, 134
-
Brownell, Herbert, 262
-
Brundage, Percival, 12
- Budget, Bureau of the, 247, 249, 280, 299, 341, 510, 612, 620, 640n
, 752
- agricultural surpluses, 158n
, 282, 558, 573
- international economic development, 255–256, 292, 310–311, 315,
344, 405n
- Mutual Security Program, 36, 532, 536–537, 539–542
-
Buffington, George N., Jr., 317
- Bureau of Yards and Docks, 502
-
Burgess, W. Randolph, 779
-
Burke, Adm. Arleigh A., 654–655, 662–664
- Burma, 11n
, 83, 339, 388, 411, 524
-
Burns, Robert L., 513
- Business Advisory Council, 14–15, 32
-
Butler, Frank P., 258n
, 266n
-
Button, Jack B., 616n
-
Butz, Earl L., 549n
-
Byrd, Harry F., 170, 183
-
Byrnes, John W., 629,
491
-
Byroade, Henry A., 497
-
Caccia, Harold A., 24,
76, 192–193, 199–200, 203n
, 322, 697
-
Calhoun, John A., 192n
-
Callanan, Paul E., 625n
- Cambodia, 11n
, 339, 388, 410, 524
-
Cameron, Turner C., 228n
-
Campbell, Joseph, 464,
547–548
- Canada (see also Canada and Canadian subheadings under
other subjects), 41, 77–78, 109, 270, 314, 566, 674
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 719, 722–723, 754–757
- international economic development, 119, 352, 367, 388,
399–400
- lead and zinc exports, 171–172, 179–180, 182,
216, 218, 245
- oil, 42, 218, 659
- Organization for European Economic Cooperation, reorganization of,
59, 61–63, 71, 73–74
- United States, relations with, 117,
174, 257, 555, 562, 574, 777
-
Cannon, Clarence, 424, 427–428, 446, 485
-
Capehart, Homer, 383
- Caracas Declaration, 517
- Cargill Company, 722
-
Carpenter, Donald F., 549n
-
Carr, Robert M., 616n
, 619n
, 728n
-
Carson, Capt. Matthew V., Jr., 553–554
-
Casey, Richard G., 351
-
Cass, Millard, 207, 209
-
Castro, Fidel, 517, 546, 617–618, 624, 629, 637
- Cellular energy, 669n
- Central Africa (see also
Belgian Congo; Congo, Republic
of), 518
- Central America, 219
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 9n
, 13n
, 33n
, 665n
, 709, 729, 735n
- Ceylon, 10, 83, 388
-
Chamberlain, Wingfield N., 619n
-
Cherry, Vincent J., 225
- Chile, 84, 216,
257, 607, 705, 732
-
Chilson, Hatfield, 553
- China, People’s Republic of, 10,
36, 46–47, 442, 475, 671, 678, 752
- Canada, trade with, 718–719, 722–723, 754–757
- Japan, trade relations with, 163, 184n
, 185, 722–724, 774
- Soviet Union, 21, 31, 735, 741, 744–749
- United Kingdom, trade with, 706, 722–723, 762
- U.S. trade embargo, 419, 710, 713–714, 720–723, 725
- China, Republic of, 83, 87, 306, 344, 379, 388, 399, 410, 484, 637
- Soviet-U.S. trade, effect of, 736,
741
- U.S. economic aid to, 264, 339, 380
- U.S. military aid to, 426, 460
-
Chiperfield, Robert B., 416, 460
- Chrome, 715, 736,
738
-
Churchill, Winston L.S., 751
- Civil rights, 488
-
Claxton, Philander P., 405n
, 490
-
Clifford, Clark M., 138
-
Clough, Ralph, 680, 684
- Coal, 45
-
Cobbold, Lord, 144–145
- Coffee, 29, 32, 216, 233, 565, 568n
-
Collado, E.G., 648
- Colombia, 659
- Colombo Plan, 309
- Consultative Committee meeting, Seattle, Nov.
1958, 35, 439, 574n
, 746n
-
Colt, Samuel Sloan, 80n
- Commerce, U.S. Department of, 14–15, 158n
, 266, 282, 298, 311, 317, 558
- economic development, 292, 299, 307,
451
- Office of International Travel, 239
- oil, 571, 610, 612, 640, 645
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 717–718, 758,
759n
, 760–762, 765–767, 779–780
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 54,
57, 237n
, 239
- U.S. trade policy, 159–160, 177,
211, 214, 220, 491
- Commission on Technical Assistance in Africa South of the Sahara, 401
- Committee on Government Organization, 5
- Committee for a National Trade Policy, 221
- Committee for Reciprocity Information, 257,
266
- Committee on World Economic Practices, 191
- Commodity Credit Corporation, 241, 265
- Commonwealth Economic Conference, Sept. 1958, 81
- Compagnie Francaise des Petroles, 631, 651
- Conference of Major Wheat Exporting Nations, Washington, May 1959, 195n
- Congo, Republic of (see also
Belgian Congo), 401,
508, 510, 515, 516, 529
- Congress, U.S. (see also
House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.), 180–181, 293, 311–312, 373, 473, 508–510
- acts of:
- Agricultural Trade Development and
Assistance Act of 1954 (P.L. 480), 11, 52, 54, 89–90, 120, 156, 158, 222–223, 255–256, 621
- extension of, 152,
155, 178, 230
- funding for, 88, 294, 440
- local currency loans, 99–101, 105–107, 408
- Soviet economic warfare, 4, 7, 17
- Antidumping Act of 1921, 153
- Atomic Energy Act of 1954, 212
- Battle Act, 418–419, 689, 717, 722–723, 728–730, 733–734, 738
- Berry Amendment, 247–248
- Bretton Woods Agreement Act of 1945, 385, 717n
- Buy American Act of 1933, 119,
191, 207, 213, 220, 247–249, 277, 281, 555–557
- Connally Amendment, 445
- Cooley Amendment, 90, 105–106, 325, 327
- Department of Defense Appropriation Act of 1955, 248n
- Domestic Minerals Stabilization Act, 169
- Export Control Act of 1949, 153, 717
- Federal Reserve Act, 114
- Gold Reserve Act of 1934, 123
- International Development Association Act of 1960, 393
-
Johnson Act of 1934, 717–718, 738, 750, 765
-
King Bill, 163–164
-
Mansfield Amendment, 486, 536
- Mutual Defense Control Act of 1951.
See
Battle Act
above.
- Mutual Security Act of 1954, 381n
, 451, 486n
- Mutual Security Act of 1957, 289n
- Mutual Security Act of 1958, 420, 451
- Mutual Security Act of 1959, 309, 336, 381n
, 464–465
- Mutual Security Act of 1960, 467, 501
- Mutual Security Act, 163, 309
- Mutual Security Appropriations Act of 1959, 429
- Mutual Security and Related Agencies Appropriations Act of
1961, 519
- Payne Amendment, 163, 175
- P.L. 316 (1934), 152
- P.L. 520 (1946), 622–623
- P.L. 85–128 (1957), 90n
- P.L. 85–931 (1958), 178
- P.L. 86–341 (1959), 230
- P.L. 86–48 (1959), 332
- P.L. 86–735 (1960), 544n
- Purtell Amendment, 179
- Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act, 19, 26, 43, 152, 161
- Second Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1959, 324
- Second Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1961, 520
- Smoot-Hawley Act. See
Tariff Act of 1930
below
.
- Sugar Act of 1948,
616–619, 623–627, 637
- Sugar Act Extension of 1960, 616–618, 620, 623–624, 636–637
- Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1953, 106, 222
- Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1960, 393
- Tariff Act of 1930,
152–153, 196n
, 208, 218, 717
- Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1951, 716–717
- Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1955, 553n
, 575, 581, 585
- Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1958, 43, 152–155, 160–161, 177, 178n
, 179, 189–190, 210, 232, 257, 554, 575–576
- Trading With the Enemy Act of 1917,
720
- Development Loan Fund, 309–310
- gold reserves, reduction in, 92, 97, 114
- Mutual Security Program, 411–412, 429–430, 449–457, 459,
463, 469–471, 474, 503
- overseas travel expenditures by members of, 408
-
Conover, Harry, 182n
- Consultative Group (CG). See
Coordinating Committee of the Paris Consultative Group
(COCOM).
- Contraceptives, 439
-
Cooley, Victor E., 627
- Coordinating Committee of the Paris Consultative Group
(COCOM), 693, 694n
, 726, 731, 746–747, 749, 772–773
- Copper, 216, 606–608, 689, 705, 732, 751
- Corporation for Economic and Industrial Research, Inc., 245
- Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, 502–503
-
Corse, Carl, 274
- Costa Rica, 84, 637
- Cotton, 10, 202–203, 216, 233, 241–242, 266, 557, 559
-
Corulla, Maj. Gen. L.E., 553
-
Coughran, Tom B., 24, 86, 292, 304
- Council of Economic Advisers, 54, 209, 266, 282
- Council of Europe, 29
- Council on Foreign Economic Policy (CFEP), 90,
106, 156n
, 262–263, 282, 297–298, 302, 563–565, 573
- documents:
-
554, 247–249, 280
-
554/2, 277
-
565/1, 297
-
565/2, 302
-
566, 694–695, 703, 705–706, 725, 727
-
570, 173–174
-
571/1, 166–168
-
571/2, 168n
-
571/3, 206
-
571/4, 206
-
572/5, 206
-
574/2, 170–173, 176
-
574/2, 185–188
-
577, 580, 585
-
579, 758–759
-
579/2, 764
-
581/1, 202
-
583, 222–223
-
584/2, 618
-
585/1, 337n
-
588, 231
-
592/1, 271 595/1, 249–254
-
595/3, 250n
, 251n
, 252n
, 253n
, 254n
-
596, 282
- lead and zinc, 176, 185, 187–188
- meetings:
-
71st, 12, 302–303
-
May 20, 1958,
564–565
-
76th, 173–174
-
77th, 175–176
-
78th, 725–727
-
80th, 187n
, 187–188
-
Jan. 8, 1959,
749–753
-
Jan. 22, 1959,
765
-
Apr. 2, 1959,
770n
-
88th, 202–203
-
90th, 221–223
-
91st, 224
-
93d, 230–231
-
94th, 369n
-
95th, 56–57, 242, 353
-
96th, 367
-
101st, 247
-
106th, 277
-
109th, 280–281
- multilateral trade controls, 616, 618, 691–697, 714,
728–729,
754, 756–757, 782
- Soviet Union, 32, 764–767, 769
- Subcommittee on Soviet Economic Penetration, 3n
-
Couve de Murville, Maurice C., 227, 243
-
Crawford, Frederick C., 549n
-
Creole Oil Co., 649
-
Cromer, Lord, 122
-
Crosby, Edwin L., 549n
- Cuba, 83, 94, 516–517
-
Culbert, William E., 728n
-
Cullen, Lt. Col. Paul H., 6n
, 7n
, 9n
, 38, 56, 89–90,
156n
, 166n
, 174, 176, 185n
, 188, 223–224, 231, 232n
, 298, 303, 565n
, 573, 580–581, 585–586, 618n
, 692, 694–697, 714n
, 720n
, 725n
, 749n
, 753n
, 758–759, 766n
- Cultural exchanges, 7
-
Cumming, Hugh S., Jr., 745n
-
Current Economic Developments, issues:
-
Curtis, Tom, 168–169
-
Cutler, Robert, 12–13, 417, 563, 567, 568n
, 569n
, 690–693, 703–706, 708–714
- Cyprus, 494
- Czechoslovakia, 10–11, 65, 663, 689
-
Dale, William N., 24
-
Davis, John H., 99, 156–157
-
Davis, Richard H., 283n
-
de Gaulle, Charles, 63, 65, 71, 127, 129, 275, 357, 373n
, 448
-
de Laboulaye, 651
-
de Metz, 651
-
de Seynes, Philippe, 439–450
-
Dean, Patrick, 24, 373
-
Dearborn, Frederick M., Jr., 12–13, 295
- Defense, U.S. Department of, 56, 248, 464, 502, 537–538, 558, 743, 778
- Buy American policy, 191, 207, 556,
561
- multilateral trade controls, 695, 704, 708,
712, 725–728
- Mutual Security Program, 430n
, 451,
458, 469–471
- oil, 571, 588, 592, 610, 612,
634, 636, 640, 645
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 759, 761–762, 765–768
-
DeLany, Adm. Walter S., 680, 728n
,
760–762
- Denmark, 63, 171,
182, 229n
, 251–252, 257, 314
-
Deny, John A., 207, 209
- Development Assistance Group (DAG), 395–396, 400–403
- Development Loan Fund (DLF), 4, 7–9, 17, 100, 330, 339, 379–383, 385–390, 451, 473
- funding for, 25–26, 315, 421, 427,
448, 461–463, 465, 471,
486–487,
490, 547
- interest rates, 108, 340, 342–343
- investment and loan guarantees, 311,
326, 484
- long-term financing, 309–310, 324
- procurement from U.S. sources, 51–52, 118, 140
- supplementary budget requests, 444,
449–450
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 55,
57, 67
-
Devine, John E., 44n
- Diamonds, 557, 559, 648
-
Dickman, F.M., 658
-
Diefenbaker, John, 718n
Dillon, C. Douglas, 2n
, 16n
, 44n
, 154–155, 159–161, 175, 189n
, 228n
, 266n
, 277n
, 449n
, 517, 593n
, 725n
- Austria, 253
- Development Loan Fund, 290–293, 324,
389
- economic defense, 779–782
- economic development aid, 8–9, 307, 314–315, 331–332, 354, 367,
473–476
- Germany, Federal Republic of, 126,
142–147,
281, 395
- International Cooperation Administration (ICA), 497, 502–503
- International Development Association, 296, 298, 322, 349–351, 352n
, 373,
384
- international economic development, 314–315
- international financial and monetary policy, 76, 78
- investment, foreign, 312, 317, 319–320
- Japan-U.S. trade, 162, 165
- loans, 304, 321, 326, 342
- multilateral trade controls, 691–693, 694,
697–701,
709, 726, 728–734, 771–775
- Mutual Security Program, 408, 416, 432,
436–439,
441–442,
472–474,
485–488,
494n
- budget, 1959, 418, 422, 424, 427
- budget, 1960, 444–445, 450
- budget, 1961, 461, 469–471, 490–491, 498, 500n
, 501–502, 516
- budget, 1962, 378–381, 543–547
- Draper Report, 447, 451–452, 456, 458–463, 466
- long-range military planning, 521–530, 536, 538
- U.S. grant military aid to developed countries, 481, 483, 493, 495, 505
- oil (see also
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries
below), 571–572, 579–580, 588, 608–609, 612–614, 639, 641–643, 651–652, 664
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,
285, 406
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries (see also oil above), 648, 650, 652, 661–662
- Soviet Union, 473–476, 651–652, 664, 750, 753, 768
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 750, 753, 768
- sugar, 617, 626
- trade and commercial policy, 166–168, 170–173, 187–188, 207–208, 246, 251, 265
- United Kingdom, 29–31, 42,
193n
,
199, 203–204, 365–366
- United Nations, 347, 567
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 57, 68, 115n
, 137, 211
- Western Europe, 63–64, 243, 364–365, 612–614, 639, 641–643
-
Dirksen, Everett M., 383, 421, 445–446, 485, 491, 500, 516–517, 519, 628
-
Dodge, Joseph M., 432,
447
- Dominican Republic, 83, 257, 637
-
Douglas, James H., 130,
511
-
Douglas, Lewis W., 37,
95
- Draper Committee. See under
Mutual Security Program (MSP).
-
Draper, Gen. William H., 431–432, 447–449, 452–456, 469
-
Dulles, Allen W., 31, 33n
, 126, 411, 594, 638, 655, 663, 709–710
-
Dulles, John Foster, 24–26, 134, 170n
, 191–193, 313, 415n
, 440,
446, 718–719
- international commodity agreements, 563–564, 569–570
- international economic development, 307, 314–316
- multilateral trade controls, 691–693, 704–708, 710,
712, 746–747
- Mutual Security Program, 36–37, 411, 413, 420,
422, 429–430, 445
- oil, voluntary import controls, 553–555, 561–562, 574–575, 579
- Soviet bloc economic aid, 475, 477
- Soviet economic warfare, 1–4, 6–9, 14–15, 22, 31, 38
- Trade Agreements Act, renewal of, 152–153, 155, 160,
175
- U.S.-owned foreign subsidiaries, trade controls on, 754–757, 762–763
- Dumping, 24–26, 752
-
Dux, Michael J., 278n
- East-West summit conference, proposed, 1960, 373n
-
Eastland, James O., 446
-
Eccles, David, 203–204
- Economic defense:
- British voyage and bunkering controls, 746–749
- foreign assets controls, U.S.-owned foreign subsidiaries, 719–725, 754–759, 762–763
- multilateral trade controls, 728–734, 777–783
- British proposal, 1958, 680–682, 684–689, 690–694, 696, 697–701, 703–704, 708, 711–712, 713n
- British proposal, 1959, 771–777
- China differential, 706, 710, 748
- China List, 688
- China, People’s Republic of, 683–684, 686–687, 743–745
- electronic gear, 774, 776–777
- embargoed items, quantity of, 694n
, 713
- munitions, 690, 713n
, 726, 728
- Soviet Union, 702–705, 707
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 735–742, 749–753, 764–771
- Economic Defense Advisory Committee (EDAC), 704, 711–712, 726, 758–761, 782
- Economic Intelligence Committee Working Group on Sino-Soviet Bloc Economic
Activities, 6
- Economic penetration. See
Soviet economic warfare
under
Foreign economic policy.
- Ecuador, 83, 399
- Egypt, 10–11, 31, 83,
216, 639, 663
-
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 35–36, 95n
, 322n
, 415n
, 430n
, 531, 702n
, 758n
- agricultural surpluses, 157, 194–195, 230, 263
- antitrust laws, 262–263
- Buy American policy, 193, 196, 199,
353, 361
- Congressional travel expenditures, 408
- Cuba, 516–518
- defense funding levels, 416, 418, 433
- Development Loan Fund, 309–310, 324,
328–330,
353, 361, 368, 448, 484
- East-West summit conference, 373n
- import labels, 272
- Inter-American Bank, 473
- international commodities agreements, 563–564, 570
- International Cooperation Administration, 497, 502
- International Development Association, 346–348, 359–361, 372–373, 382–383
- international economic development, 58,
225, 303–304, 314–316, 321, 354,
367
- international financial and monetary policy:
- currency convertiblility, 97
- gold policy, 103–104, 123, 130–133
- U.S.-German Federal Republic financial talks, 142–147
- Japan, 245
- lead and zinc imports, 168–169, 170n
, 182–184
- line-item veto power, 43
- multilateral trade controls, 693, 706–710, 732–734
- Mutual Security Program, 126, 368, 485–489, 516
- budget, 1959, 413, 418–425, 427–429
- budget, 1960, 36–37, 447, 449, 450n
, 453–458, 459n
, 460–461, 464–467
- budget, 1961, 457, 469–473, 490–493, 498–501, 515–516
- Draper Report, 252, 447–449, 455–457, 463–465
- Military Assistance Program, 429, 431, 433, 435–436, 438–443, 458, 459n
, 463–464, 469–472
- Mutual Security funds cutoff, 547–548
- Mutual Security information program, 407, 409, 411–413, 445, 503–504
- U.S. grant military aid to developed countries, 478–482, 488, 493–496, 510–512, 539–540
- oil, 575, 613–615, 638–640, 642–644
[Page 793]
- import controls, 42, 552, 560–562, 574–576, 580, 587n
, 588–589, 591n
, 593, 609
- international cartel, 633–636
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 75
- population growth, 439
- Soviet bloc economic aid, 473–477
- Soviet Union:
- State visits:
- Asia, June 1960, 501
- Canada, July 1958, 174, 718
- Europe, Africa, and Mideast, Dec.
1959, 244, 354n
, 364n
, 492
- Europe, Aug.-Sept. 1959, 227, 466
- stockpiling policy, 573, 574n
, 606–608, 621–622
- sugar, 617n
,
625n
, 628
- tariffs (see also
trade and commercial policy
below), 42, 241–242, 266
- taxes, 43, 534–535
- trade and commercial policy (see also tariffs
above, 154, 232, 246,
288
- United Kingdom, 121
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 50,
52–55,
67, 124,
127, 134–140, 147n
, 281, 526–528, 530–531, 534,
542
- U.S.-owned foreign subsidiaries, trade controls on, 755, 762–763
- Western Europe, 58, 63, 71, 354, 613–615, 638–640, 642–644
-
Eisenhower, Col. John S.D., 134, 196, 233, 542
-
Eisenhower, Milton S., 36–37
-
El Salvador, 83
-
el-Said, Nuri, 425
-
Elbrick, C. Burke, 24,
562n
-
Eliot, Theodore, 648n
, 651n
-
Ellender, Allen J., 628
-
Elliott, Dr., 295
-
Elrod, Warrick E., Jr., 76n
, 204n
, 225n
- Ente Nazional Idrocarburi (ENI), 649, 653–654
-
Erhard, Ludwig, 44–50, 66, 144, 276, 277n
, 344, 395–396
- Ethiopia, 83, 399,
425–426, 435, 641–642
- EURATOM, 74, 606,
612
- European Coal and Steel Community, 74
- European Economic Community (EEC), 26, 48–49, 74, 119, 221, 231, 288, 367
- agricultural policy, 65–66, 273, 275–277
- Development Assistance Group, 400
- European Free Trade Association, relations with, 58–64, 72, 242–244
- formation of, 154, 230
- France, 99, 109
- Germany, Federal Republic of, foreign economic aid from, 30
- United States, negotiations with, 159,
189–191,
232, 243, 283–284, 286–287
- European Free Trade Association (EFTA), 48,
81, 219, 231, 288
- European Investment Bank, 368
- European Monetary Agreement, 99
- European Payments Union (EPU), 30, 80, 99
- European Productivity Agency, 401
-
Evans, John W., 365n
, 744
- Export-Import Bank, 4, 7–9, 11,
17, 54, 87–88, 105, 123, 339–343
- British loans from, 77, 121–122, 363
- Development Loan Fund, 290–293, 330,
385, 387–390
- funding for, 25–26, 440
- investment and loan guarantees, 311,
325, 375
- lending policy, 641, 643
-
Fairless, Benjamin, 430
-
Faisal, King, 425n
- Far East, 426, 490, 602, 667, 670
- Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 665n
, 735n
- Federal Home Loan Bank Board, 369, 376–378
- Federal Reserve, 70, 136, 307, 375
-
Ferris, Josiah, 623
-
Finger, Seymour M., 349, 383
- Finland, 39, 229n
, 251, 257, 314, 399, 656, 662–664
-
Fisk, Bradley, 326
-
FitzGerald, Dennis A., 378, 752
-
Flemming, Arthur S., 50,
103, 621
-
Flemming, Lamar, 37
-
Floete, Franklin, 606
-
Folsom, Marion B., 1, 31
- Food for Peace program, 120, 156–158, 158, 173–174, 194, 222, 233, 263, 265, 288
- Ford of Canada, 722
-
Ford Motor Co., 410
-
Ford Motor Co., Ltd., 144, 722
- Foreign economic policy:
- balance of power, 24
- commodity markets, 3, 7
- commodity prices, 40–41
- economic cooperation, 58–64, 68–75
- foreign economic aid totals, 11
- multilateral economic development aid, 58–64
- nationalization of foreign investments, 3, 7
- Soviet economic warfare, 2, 4–5,
9–11, 78, 152, 215, 293,
635
- British position, 692
- commodities dumping, 1, 3, 8,
24–26, 40–41
- less-developed countries, multilateral aid to, 333–334, 336, 347–348
- U.S. policy, 6–9, 12–13, 19–23,
33–35, 303
- U.S.-Soviet aid competition, 18, 32
- U.S. economic situation, 28, 30
- world economic situation, 24–26
-
Foreign Economic Policy of the Twentieth Century
(Rockefeller Report), 172
- Foreign Petroleum Supply Committee, 603
- Formosa Strait. See
Taiwan Strait.
-
Foster, William, 410–411
- Four-power meeting, Paris, 1959, 63, 71, 367, 492n
-
Fowler, Henry H., 549n
, 550
-
Fowler, Ralph, 553
- France (see also France and French
subheadings under other subjects), 63,
98–99, 109, 125, 270, 305, 314, 518, 566, 777
- Algeria, relations with, 492, 678
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 762
- economic situation, 48, 82–83, 96
- international economic development, 119, 359, 364, 367,
400
- military situation, 454
- oil, 602, 605, 649, 662, 669,
675n
- Soviet Union, trade relations with, 656
- United States, relations with, 198,
215, 227–228, 243, 251–252, 666,
678
- uranium purchases, 132
- U.S. grant military aid to, 467–468, 470,
481, 483, 487, 490, 494, 505, 525,
529, 541
- U.S.-West European trade relations, 65,
69, 275
-
Francis, Clarence, 158
- Francis Committee, 255, 301
-
Frank, Isaiah, 49, 189n
, 203n
, 206n
, 207
-
Franks, Oliver, 80–81
-
Freers, Edward L., 768n
Freitas-Valle, Cyro de, 374
-
Fulbright, J. William, 344–345, 500, 769
- Furs, 715–717,
738, 776
-
Furth, J. Herbert, 311
-
Gabbert, Howard M., 194n
-
Gaither, H. Rowan, Jr., 411
-
Galbreath, C. Edward, 140, 159, 249n
, 250n
, 273–274
- GARIOA, 143, 481,
526, 530
-
Garner, Robert L., 400
-
Garran, Peter, 680, 684
-
Gates, Thomas S., Jr., 130, 132–138, 493n
, 643, 648, 778, 780
- General Accounting Office (GAO), 213
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) (see also
Trade and commercial policy), 65, 96, 153, 171, 180–182, 208, 244, 259
- articles:
- dollar discrimination, 109, 229–230
- Geneva Wool Fabrics Reservation, 196–198, 204–205, 279
- Germany, Federal Republic of, 49–50
- Japan, 200
- meetings:
-
10th Session, 217
-
11th Session, 217
-
13th Session, 181, 189, 232
-
14th Session, 184, 232, 250
-
15th Session, 124, 235–236
-
16th Session, 252, 258, 259n
-
17th Session, 277
- Council, Sept. 1960, 270, 273–274
- negotiations, 1960–1961, 189–190, 230–231
- oil imports, 574, 584–586
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, relations
with, 269–270, 274
- quantitative import restrictions (see also
dollar discrimination
above), 250–253
- quotas, 205, 225–226
- tariffs, 197, 200–201, 287, 491
- General Services Administration (GSA), 556
- Geneva Summit, July 1955, 750
- Germany, Federal Republic of (see also
German subheadings under other subjects), 63, 126, 229n
, 363, 399–400
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 762
- Economic situation, 30, 45, 50, 77–80, 116
- international economic development, 17,
45–48,
119, 356–357, 364, 366,
367, 395–396, 444, 528
- International Monetary Fund, 94, 305–306, 311
- oil imports, 656, 669
- Reconstruction Loan Corporation, 357
- Soviet Union, trade with, 49, 656, 737,
752
- United States, relations with, 44, 129, 132–133, 215,
251–252,
544–545
- U.S.-West European trade relations, 65,
69, 275
- Ghana, 252
-
Glassmann, Jay, 317
-
Gleason, S. Everett, 15, 44, 209n
, 330n
, 416n
, 434n
, 563, 568n
, 692n
, 703n
,
718n
, 730n
, 754n
, 762n
-
Gleeck, Lewis E., 184n
, 225n
, 228n
-
Gold, 90–93, 95–97, 101–104, 110–115, 117, 122–123, 128–133, 150, 535, 545
-
Gold, Ruth S., 373n
, 403n
, 405n
-
Goodpaster, Brig. Gen. Andrew J.,
42, 58n
, 127, 142, 189n
, 194n
, 196, 328, 430n
,
483, 758n
- agricultural surpluses, 572
- Mutual Security Program, 429n
, 447,
453, 455, 469
- oil imports, 593
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 130,
134–137,
139
-
Gordon, Lester E., 379
-
Gore-Booth, Paul Henry, 697–698, 700–701
- Government Assistance and Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA), 143, 481, 526, 530
-
Grant, James P., 378,
381
-
Gray, Gordon, 261, 521, 536–538, 549–552, 554, 556–559, 562, 573, 730
- economic defense, 770–771, 778,
781–782
- India, 331–332, 654
- Mutual Security Program, 477
- oil:
- international cartel, 633,
641–644, 647, 654
- Soviet sales of, 654, 662, 664n
- voluntary import controls, 553–556, 575–577, 587, 610–612, 615
- Western Europe, dependence on, 638, 640–641, 645–646
- trade and national security, 209, 213
-
Gray, Robert, 55
- Greece, 34, 47, 63, 107, 251–252, 308, 425, 506
-
Green, Theodore F., 439
-
Greene, Joseph N., Jr., 36
-
Greers Ferry Dam, 191–193, 208, 217
-
Gromyko, Andrei A., 11
-
Gronchi, Giovanni, 364n
-
Gruenther, Gen. Alfred M., 447, 453
- Guatemala, 83
- Guinea, 388
-
Gulf Oil Corp., 630
-
Haahr, James C, 68n
-
Hadraba, Theodore J., 228n
, 237n
, 258n
, 269n
, 278n
, 286n
-
Hagar, Eric H., 630–632
-
Hagerty, James C., 134,
347
- Haiti, 257, 637
-
Hall, Robert, 76, 78–79
-
Hallahan, William J., 369
-
Halleck, Charles A., 446, 485, 491, 500, 519, 628–629
-
Hammarskjöld, Dag, 179n
, 349–352, 383–384, 392
-
Hanes, John W., Jr., 307
-
Hansen, Victor R., 553–556
-
Hardy, Porter, 548
-
Hardy, Royce A., 231n
, 559n
-
Harlow, Bryce N., 308n
, 324, 409–413, 424, 445, 450, 455, 485, 499–500, 516
-
Harr, Karl G., Jr., 16n
, 22–23
-
Harr, Kenneth G., 622
-
Hartman, Arthur A., 258n
, 286n
-
Hauge, Gabriel, 76, 572–573
- Hawaii, 616, 625,
637
-
Hayden, Carl, 427, 485
-
Hayter, William, 688–689
- Health, Education and Welfare, U.S. Department of, 299, 307
-
Heath, Edward, 661
-
Heathcoat Amory,
Derick, 80–81, 122, 364–366
-
Henderson, Douglas, 728n
-
Henderson, Loy W., 295–296
-
Herter, Christian A., 179n
, 225n
, 493n
, 562n
, 628–629, 691n
- gold policy, 103
- international economic development, 58–59, 63, 70, 74–75, 295–296, 307–308, 347–348, 353, 393,
497
- Mutual Security Program, 126, 294–295, 417, 449–450, 469,
535, 538, 547n
- oil, 580, 588, 591–594, 648
- Soviet Union, 474, 655, 663
- stockpiling policy, 607, 619
- trade and commercial policy, 155, 227, 262–263, 272
- trade controls, 690, 728, 730,
775
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 50–52, 55–56, 127, 137, 362
-
Hickenlooper, Bourke B., 307, 460
-
Hoegh, Leo A.:
- Buy American policy, 191, 207, 212–213, 224,
272
- oil, 575–577, 590, 592, 595,
608, 610–613, 615, 639–640, 645–647, 648
- stockpiling policy, 606–608, 619–621
-
Hoeven, Charles B., 518,
629
-
Hoffman, Paul, 384
-
Holman, Eugene, 23, 594
-
Home, Lord, 661–662
- Honduras, 399
- Hong Kong, 65, 185,
234
-
Hood, Lord, 24, 192n
, 771, 774–775
-
Hoover, Herbert C., Jr., 432, 553, 555
-
Hosie, J., 680–682, 684
-
Houghton, Amory, 227
- House of Representatives, U.S., 194
- Agriculture Committee, 629
- Appropriations Committee, 419, 464, 467,
500, 519
- Foreign Operations Subcommittee, 501
- Banking and Currency Committee, 321,
373
- Foreign Affairs Committee, 324, 418, 460,
486–487,
494n
Pilcher
subcommittee, 487
- Trade agreements extension, 159, 175, 178,
179n
- Ways and Means Committee, 155, 160–161, 320, 337,
455
- Foreign Trade Policy Subcommittee, 312
-
Howe, Fisher, 429n
, 430n
-
Huertematte, Robert, 349,
352
-
Humphrey, George M., 93n
, 135, 412, 415, 449
-
Humphrey, Hubert H., 155
- Iceland, 84, 314,
656, 662–664
-
Iliff, W.A.B., 396–398
- India, 87, 306–308, 388, 397–399, 409, 414–415, 442
- Congress Party, 414
- economic situation, 46, 78, 83
- Pakistan, relations with, 438, 484, 537
- Soviet economic aid to, 11n
, 21, 31, 331, 474, 488,
670
- Soviet oil sales to, 654, 656, 658,
662, 664, 670
- United States, investment guarantee agreement with, 366
- United States, relations with, 257,
742, 753
- U.S. economic aid to, 21, 32, 331–332, 379,
414, 474, 543
- Indonesia, 10–11,
31–41, 32, 216, 264, 308, 388, 481, 524
- Indus Waters project, 398, 461, 463n
, 484
- Inflation, 30
- Information, free exchange of, 212, 466
- Ingalls-Taiwan Shipbuilding Co., 311
- Inland Steel Co., 410
- Institute for Defense Analysis, 431
- Intelligence Advisory Committee (IAC), 33n
- Inter-American Development Bank, 343, 379, 393, 398, 473, 594
- Inter-American Development Board, 544
- Inter-Cabinet Committee on Crude Oil Imports, 553, 574–575
- Interagency Committee on Agricultural Surplus Disposal, 158
- Interdepartmental Committee on Trade Agreements (TAC), 225–227, 283
- Interim Coordinating Committee for International Commodity Arrangements
(ICCICA), 172
- Interior, U.S. Department of, 169, 176, 451, 571, 607, 610, 612, 640, 645
- Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBMs), 470, 491, 494–495, 506–507, 509, 533–534
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 405, 606
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD), 4, 7, 125, 440–441, 453–454
- Development Loan Fund, 293, 330
- funding for, 25, 27, 304–306, 314–316, 321,
332, 396–397, 444
- International Development Association, 294, 298, 303, 335,
344, 346, 359, 368, 371–372, 391–393
- international economic development, 60,
368, 401
- meetings:
- Board of Governors, New Delhi, Sept.
1958, 27–28, 35n
, 85, 88n
, 90, 303–305
- Board of Governors, Washington, Sept.-Oct. 1959, 52,
54, 124, 355, 360
- Board of Governors, Washington, Sept.
1960, 66, 150, 394–403
- resource availability, 81, 86–88, 111
- International Cooperation Administration (ICA), 13n
, 29, 158n
, 255–256, 309, 311, 337–339, 415, 451, 571
- aid program administration, 464–465, 467,
473
- local currency grants and loans, 100,
379
- personnel levels, 133, 439, 466
- technical aid, 497, 502–503
- types of projects funded by, 380–381
- U.N. Special Fund, 299–301
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 57,
67, 353,
542
- International Cotton Advisory Committee, 202
- International Court of Justice, 445n
- International Development Association (IDA), 256, 347, 355–356, 382, 393–394, 490
- formation of, 29, 40, 47, 303, 313, 322- 323, 333, 344–347, 359–361, 371,
394–395,
398–399
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 344, 346,
368, 371–372
- United Nations, relations with, 349,
383–384,
391–392,
404
- International Finance Corporation (IFC), 89,
393, 399–400
- meetings:
- Board of Governors, New Delhi, Sept.
1958, 90
- Board of Governors, Washington, Sept.-Oct. 1959, 124,
360
- Board of Governors, Washington, Sept.
1960, 66, 394–403
- International financial and monetary policy:
- briefing for President-elect Kennedy, 147–151
- currency convertibility, 97–99, 108–111
- dollar discrimination, 108–110, 118–119, 124,
149
- export credit insurance, 119
- export prices, 101–103
- financing for U.S.-origin purchases, 139–140
- gold reserves, 90–93, 95–97, 101–104, 110–115, 117,
122–123,
128–133,
150, 535, 545
- International Monetary Fund investments in U.S. securities, 140–141
- local currency loans, 89–90, 99–101, 104–108, 322
- maintenance-of-value requirement. See
local currency loans
above.
- procurement from U.S. sources, 118,
129, 131, 139, 140
- U.S. dependents overseas, reduction in, 131–133, 135–139
- uranium as currency standard, 131
- world liquidity, 76–81, 83
- International Harvester Australia, 722
- International investment and economic development policy:
- Development Loan Fund, 289–293, 328,
353, 361–364
-
dollar repayment for loans, 385–386
-
Eisenhower-era overview, 406
- export credit guarantees and financing, 375–376
- interest rates, 340–343
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 304–306, 314–316, 321, 332
- International Development Association, 322–323, 333, 335–336, 344–347
- International Monetary Fund, funding for, 304–306, 314–316, 321, 332
- investment and loan guarantees, 311–312, 325–327
- less-developed countries, 307–310, 354–359, 369–370, 394
- multi-year aid, provision of, 331–332
- multilateral aid, U.N. Special Fund for Economic Development, 403–404
- private foreign investment, 309, 312
- savings and loan associations, foreign investment by, 369–370, 376–378
- taxation of foreign investments, 297–298, 302, 317–320, 337
- International Lead and Zinc Study Group, 188n
- International Milling Co., 722
- International Monetary Fund (IMF), 40, 93, 109, 140–141, 250–253, 440–441
- Articles of Agreement, 229
- funding for, 25, 27, 304–306, 310–311, 314–316, 321,
332, 444, 544
- meetings:
- Board of Governors, New Delhi, Sept.
1958, 27–28, 35n
, 85, 88n
, 90
- Board of Governors, Washington,
-
Sept.-Oct. 1959, 52, 54,
124, 355, 360
- Board of Governors, Washington, Sept.
1960, 66, 150, 394–403
- resource availability, 78–82, 84–88, 102, 111
- United Kingdom, 77, 84–86, 121
- U.S. gold purchases, 110–111, 122–123
- International Petroleum Company, 650
- International Wheat Agreement of 1956, 166–168, 206
- Investment Guaranty Fund, 461
- Iran, 10, 49, 83, 308, 343, 388, 425, 634, 653
- Egypt, relations with, 639
- oil, 594, 599, 639, 646n
, 648–650, 658–659, 668, 673,
674, 677
- Iranian Consortium, 652, 675
- Iraq, 83, 403, 425
- oil, 594, 599, 639, 649, 658–660, 668,
670, 672, 676
- Soviet economic aid to, 39, 474, 670,
672
- Iraq Petroleum Co. (IPC), 631, 660, 675n
, 676
- Ireland, 83
-
Irwin, John N., II, 143, 231n
, 752
- long-range military planning, 513,
515, 521
- multilateral trade controls, 680–682, 684–685, 726–727
- Mutual Security Program, 432, 437, 469–470, 477,
522–523,
527, 531, 533–535
- oil, 661, 663, 665
-
Isham, Heyward, 373n
- Israel, 84, 257,
380, 388, 425, 639, 678
- Italy, 63, 125, 314, 400, 535, 674, 678
- Bank of Italy, 150
- Communist Party, 479
- export and import controls, 171, 182, 218,
235
- international economic development, 119, 367, 399
- International Monetary Fund, 94, 305
- less-developed countries, economic aid to, 356, 358–359, 364,
36
- military strength of, 514–515, 533–534
- Soviet oil, purchases of, 649, 656, 662–663
- United States, trade relations with, 198, 229n
, 251–253, 254n
, 260
- U.S. grant military aid to, 134, 468, 470,
479, 483, 505–508, 512, 522, 525–526, 529–531, 540n
- U.S.-Western European trade relations, 65, 68–69, 275
-
Jackling, Roger N., 680,
685
-
Jacobsson, Per, 27, 111, 395
- Japan, 69, 117,
216, 260, 264, 266–269, 388, 400, 580
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 722–724, 774
- economic situation, 116, 148, 506,
508
- International Monetary Fund, 94, 305
- less-developed countries, economic aid to, 364, 366
- oil, 669, 670, 674, 678
- Soviet-U.S. trade, effect of, 736,
741–742
- Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security with the United States,
245, 481
- United States, relations with, 155,
162–165,
184–185,
198, 200–202, 234–235, 245, 251,
253, 257, 518, 545, 708–709
- U.S. grant aid to, 468, 481, 505–507, 512,
515, 525–527, 529–531, 539–541
- voluntary export controls, 218, 235, 241
-
Jarvis, Francis G., 616n
-
Javits, Jacob K., 139
-
Johns Hopkins University, 768
-
Johnson, Lyndon B., 138, 146, 175, 424, 427–428, 476, 485, 491–492, 516, 519
-
Johnson, Robert H., 261n
, 262, 520n
, 622, 710n
-
Johnston, Eric, 310, 407–413, 421, 430
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 417, 743, 754, 770
- long-range military planning, 515,
522–523,
533–534
- multilateral trade controls, 703n
, 704,
712, 777n
, 778,
782
- Mutual Security Program, 430n
, 444,
452, 460, 505–506, 508
- oil, 587–589, 590n
, 633–635, 638n
, 639,
640n
, 644, 655,
663
-
Jones, G. Lewis, 630, 658
-
Jones, John W., 680, 683
- Jordan, 388, 425–426, 668
- Joy Manufacturing of Canada, 722
- Justice, U.S. Department of, 554–556, 630–635
-
Kallis, Selma G., 177n
, 189n
, 225n
, 266n
, 283n
, 286n
-
Kaplan, Jacob J., 378
- Kashmir, 484
-
Kearns, Henry C., 44, 48, 52, 104–106, 159–160, 188, 231, 292, 341, 559n
, 566, 577–579
-
Kemp, Frank A., 623–624
-
Kendall, David W., 130,
445
-
Kennedy, John F., 65, 67, 127, 131, 137–138, 143–144, 146–151, 275, 516–517, 543n
-
Kerr, Peyton, 378
-
Kerr, Robert S., 174–175
- Key countries (see also
France, Germany, Federal
Republic of, Italy, United Kingdom), 68–69
-
Khrushchev, Nikita S., 1, 6, 10, 348, 373n
, 374, 488–489, 751
-
Kirlin, Florence K., 177n
, 283n
, 616n
-
Kishi, Nobusuke, 245
-
Knoll, Jerry, 728n
-
Knowland, William M., 146, 166, 418, 421–423, 427–428
-
Kohler, Foy D., 44, 70–75, 347, 630n
- Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of, 419,
710, 713, 720, 746n
- Korea, Republic of, Communist threat to, 107,
339, 388, 409–410, 426, 460, 533, 536, 736, 741
- Korean war, 549, 722
-
Kotschnig, Walter M., 373n
, 383, 405n
-
Kristensen, Thorkil, 400–401
-
Kruisheer, J.C., 38
-
Kuchel, Thomas, 372
-
Kupinsky, Ruth H., 768n
-
Kuss, Henry J., 513–515
- Kuwait, 594, 599,
631, 639, 649, 658, 668, 678
- Kuwait Oil Company, 631–632, 668, 675n
- Labor, U.S. Department of, 202, 299, 307, 451
-
Lacey, John D., 745n
-
Ladgham, Bahi, 364n
-
Lambie, James M., 516n
- Laos, 388, 410,
421, 513–514, 518, 527
-
Larsen, Gilbert E., 179n
-
Laskey, Denis, 688
- Latin America, 171, 315, 379–381, 409, 565–568, 617–618, 705
- Latin American Free Trade Association (Montevideo Treaty), 259
-
Lausche, Frank J., 383
-
Lay, James S., Jr., 282n
, 416n
, 435n
, 493n
, 504n
, 521n
, 568n
, 595n
, 633n
, 638n
, 640n
, 696, 703n
, 728n
, 729n
,
754n
, 762n
, 770n
, 777n
- Lead, 29, 32, 96, 159, 168–173, 176, 179–180, 182–188, 216, 218, 586
- League of Women Voters, 152
- Lebanon, 83, 388,
425, 668
-
Lebel, Claude, 651
-
Leddy, John M., 24, 194n
, 203n
, 228n
, 258n
, 269n
, 349, 351, 367, 383
-
Leffingwell, William M., 513
-
Leishman, Frederick, 24
-
Lemnitzer, Gen. Lyman, 130, 522–523, 527, 537, 545
-
Lennartson, Nils A., 134
- Less-developed countries (see also individual
countries), 9–12, 19, 26,
39–40, 45, 58–62, 273, 337–339
- Development Assistance Group countries, relations with, 402–403
- economic growth in, 303, 307–310, 442
- long-term loans to, 395–396, 404
- multilateral aid to, 45–46
- private home ownership in, 369–370
- Soviet economic warfare, 6–7, 9–12, 17–22, 26, 31, 33–35, 38–41
- Western Europe, economic aid to, 58–62, 117–119, 126, 354–359, 476
-
Leva, Marx, 447
-
Leve, H.A., 393
-
Levin, Harold A., 771
-
Lewis, John L., 136
- Liberia, 343, 388
- Libya, 388, 425,
613–614, 645, 649, 659–660, 667
-
Lincoln, Col. George A., 431, 447
-
Lindsay, David A., 317–320
- Literacy, 415
-
Lloyd, Selwyn, 42, 192–193, 199, 227, 322–323, 351, 688–690, 692–693
- Loans. See
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD); International Cooperation Agency
(ICA).
-
Lodge, George C, 231n
-
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 1, 144, 307, 373, 383–384, 414–415, 592, 752
-
Long, Russell B., 446
-
Lopez Mateos, Adolfo, 233
-
Loudon, J.H., 652
- Lumber, 715, 736
- Luxembourg, 182, 468, 494, 505, 525
-
Lyons, Gordon, 623
-
Macmillan, Harold, 24–25, 30, 42–43, 63, 71, 129, 200–201, 227, 357, 373n
- Buy American policy, 192–194, 199,
322
- International Development Association, 322–323, 346
- State visit, Washington, 1959, 196,
199n
, 594
-
Macomber, William B., 295–296
-
Macy, Loring K., 566–568, 577n
-
Macy, Robert M., 341,
345
- Malaria eradication, 427
- Malaya, 41, 94, 252, 399
-
Malone, George W., 93n
- Manganese, 715, 736, 738, 742
-
Mann, Thomas C., 184n
, 192n
, 203n
, 213n
, 228n
, 296, 341–342, 580n
, 624, 630n
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 180–182
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 86, 88
- multilateral trade controls, 680, 682–683, 685, 697,
701
- oil, 593, 650, 664
- strategic materials policy, 559n
, 619–620
- trade and commercial policy, 160, 202, 225
-
Mansfield, Mike, 307, 431
-
Mansholt, S.L., 65, 275
-
Marget, Arthur W., 76,
78–79
-
Marshall, James, 623
-
Marshall Plan, 294, 511
-
Martin, Edwin M., 68n
, 245, 269n
,
278n
, 283n
, 373n
, 405n
-
Martin, Graham A., 378,
458n
, 513
-
Martin, Jack, 160n
-
Martin, Joseph W., Jr., 166, 416, 419
-
Martin, William McChesney, 50, 52, 112, 128, 311
- Matsu, 748
-
Mattei, Enrico, 649
-
Maudling, Reginald, 80–81, 279
-
Maurer, Ely, 630n
, 633
-
McBride, Robert H., 728n
-
McCloy, John J., 447–448, 453
-
McCone, John A., 126, 213, 475, 495, 510, 535, 537, 614–615
-
McCormack, Gen. James, 432
-
McCormack, John W., 485
-
McElroy, Neil H., 1, 50, 56, 103, 561, 719, 757
- multilateral trade controls, 691, 708, 712,
733
- Mutual Security and foreign aid policy, 411
- Mutual Security Program, 411, 460, 477,
503
- Soviet Union, 31–32, 331–332, 655, 663
- stockpile policy, 606, 608, 621
-
McGhee, George C., 447
-
McGuire, E. Perkins, 207–208
-
McIntosh, Dempster, 291–292, 312, 327, 361, 437
-
McLain, Marvin, 573
-
McPhee, H. Roemer, 547–548
- Medical research, 466
-
Meeker, Leonard C., 445n
-
Mellen, Sydney L.W., 619n
-
Menzies, Robert G., 184
-
Merchant, Livingston T., 36, 285, 347, 373n
, 634, 664, 768–769
-
Merriam, Robert E., 431,
453, 483
-
Metzger, Stanley D., 177n
, 317
- Mexico, 83, 94, 305, 313, 388, 517, 637–638, 641
- lead and zinc imports, 171–172, 179,
182, 216, 218, 233
- United States, relations with, 42, 233, 607
-
Meyer, Armin H., 658–661
- Middle East, 427, 444, 555, 571–572, 599–600, 651, 665–677
-
Mikoyan, Anastas I., 40,
702, 749–750, 768
-
Miller, Clarence L., 44,
225, 231n
, 562n
-
Miller, Slator, 623
-
Mills, Wilbur D., 159,
161, 170, 175, 183
-
Minnich, L. Arthur, Jr., 1n
, 31n
, 50n
, 103n
, 372, 407n
, 419, 420n
, 444n
, 446n
,
451n
, 459n
, 466n
, 490n
, 559n
, 561n
, 591n
, 606n
, 620n
, 627n
-
Mitchell, James P., 1, 31, 50, 608, 621
- Mitsubishi, 722
-
Mokaddem, Sadok, 364n
-
Moline, Edwin G., 680,
697, 701
-
Moncrieff, William A., 552
- Monroe Doctrine, 516–517
-
Monroney, Mike, 294–295, 298, 345, 360, 382n
- Montevideo Treaty, 259
-
Montgomery, Parker, 274
-
Moore, William H., 80n
-
Moos, Malcolm C., 58n
-
Morgan, Gerald D., 455,
552, 608–609
-
Morgan, John D., Jr., 549n
-
Morgan, Thomas E., 421, 483, 485, 487
- Morocco, 425, 492
-
Morris, Willie, 24
-
Morse, True D., 86, 206, 627–629, 753
-
Mossedegh, Mohammed, 634,
677
-
Mueller, Frederick H., 50, 225n
, 260, 285, 767n
- Buy America policy, 207, 209, 272
- oil, 553, 575–576, 592, 614,
639, 643, 648
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 764, 771, 778–782
-
Mulliken, Jean H., 616n
-
Multer, Abraham J., 382
-
Murphy, Robert D., 44–45, 47–49, 347, 378, 381, 593–594
-
Murray, James E., 546
- Mutual Security Program (MSP), 11, 126, 315,
415, 446, 485–486
- budget, 1959, 88, 413, 416, 418–429
- budget, 1960, 36–37, 444, 447, 449–457, 459–461, 463–467
- budget, 1961, 457, 461–463, 472,
477, 490–493, 498, 515–516, 516,
519–520
- budget, 1962, 508, 511, 537–538, 542–547
- Draper Committee, 225, 431–433, 435, 439,
444, 486, 521–522
- long-range military planning, 513–515, 520–538
- Military Assistance Program, 458–459, 463–464
- budget, 1959, 416–417, 433, 433–436, 438
- budget, 1961, 461–462, 469–472, 490
- developed countries, aid to, 467–468, 470, 478–483, 487–488, 490–491, 493–496, 504–512, 522, 524–531, 539–542
- military and economic aid funding, separation of, 416, 474
- Mutual Security funds cutoff, 547–548
- Mutual Security information program, 407–413, 430, 457,
503–504
- Soviet-U.S. foreign aid comparisons, 475–477
- waste in, 421, 453, 487, 497
- world health, 314
- National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Affairs
(NAC), 94, 140–141, 291, 303, 382, 641–644, 779
- actions:
-
615, 340
-
845, 140
-
883, 340, 343
-
1106, 293, 343
-
1235, 88
-
1290, 312n
-
59–6, 344
-
59–77, 107
-
59–101, 327
-
59–178, 140
-
60–13, 371
-
60–50, 375
-
60–75, 376
-
60–109, 378
-
60–301, 141n
- documents:
-
1878, 140
-
2204, 290
-
2361, 86–87, 304–306
-
2395, 311, 312n
-
2440, 93–95, 310
-
59–104, 344
-
59–121, 344
-
59–185, 340
-
59–191, 140
-
59–296, 369–370
-
59–3, 344
-
59–46, 99–101, 105
-
59–95, 325
-
59–98, 325
-
60–14, 371
-
60–188, 385–387, 389–390
-
60–337, 140–141
-
60–54, 375
-
60–83, 375
- meetings:
-
270th, 86–88, 306
-
272d, 312n
-
273d, 93–95, 310–312
-
59–2, 104–108, 322
-
59–3, 325–327
-
59–4, 339–345
-
60–1, 369–370
-
60–2, 371
-
60–3, 375–376
-
60–4, 376–378
-
60–5, 389–390
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 52,
54, 123,
210, 214
- National Conference of Organizations on International Trade Policy, 155
- National Export Expansion Committee, 285
- National Intelligence Estimates (see
also
Special National Intelligence Estimates):
- National security, trade policy, effects of, 209–221
- National Security Council (NSC), 243, 271, 494–495, 643, 696, 728, 759, 764
- actions:
- No. 692, 633
- No. 697, 633
- No. 766, 633
- No. 868, 633
- No. 875, 633
- No. 891, 633
- No. 947, 633
- No. 1015, 633
- No. 1021, 633
- No. 1356, 261
- No. 1554, 583n
- No. 1780, 690, 692
- No. 1828, 416–417
- No. 1854, 690, 692
- No. 1857, 693, 696, 703, 709
- No. 1865, 709–710, 725, 727, 729–731, 733–734, 758, 762, 770
- No. 1903, 568, 570
- No. 1908, 417–418, 434n
, 436
- No. 1926, 570
- No. 1944, 719, 754, 762–763
- No. 1964, 587
- No. 1969, 734
- No. 1999, 595, 610
- No. 2010, 436
- No. 2012, 443
- No. 2017, 590
- No. 2025, 589
- No. 2032, 758, 762
- No. 2042, 763, 770
- No. 2071, 771
- No. 2080, 615, 638–640, 645–646
- No. 2094, 332
- No. 2096, 213–214
- No. 2121, 478, 482, 493, 504
- No. 2149, 520, 521
- No. 2155, 622
- No. 2156, 477
- No. 2157, 477
- No. 2158, 482, 493, 495–496, 504, 507, 514–515, 520, 521n
- No. 2166, 777
- No. 2185, 493, 504
- No. 2187, 496, 504
- No. 2233, 635
- No. 2266, 261–262
- No. 2275, 512, 520–522, 526, 536, 538, 540–542
- No. 2302, 639
- No. 2303, 638n
, 644
- No. 2304, 782
- No. 2326, 538
- documents:
- NSC 97/6, 582, 583n
, 590
- NSC 138/1, 633
- NSC 5612/1, 7
- NSC 5613/1, 7
- NSC 5701, 7
- NSC 5704/1, 703, 710
- NSC 5704/3, 690, 692, 703, 709–711, 718, 730, 754, 758–760, 762–763, 770, 777, 780–783
- NSC 5706, 761
- NSC 5707/8, 6n
- NSC 5724, 411
- NSC 5726/1, 761
- NSC 5801/1, 761
- NSC 5810, 15, 563–564, 713–714, 714, 761
- NSC 5810/1, 15, 308, 443, 568–569, 590, 714
- NSC 5811, 761
- NSC 5819, 437
- NSC 5820/1, 611, 603n
, 610
- NSC 5822, 581n
, 587–590
- NSC 5822/1, 603
- NSC 5906/1, 478, 493, 504, 622, 640, 663
- NSC 5912, 472, 477
- NSC 5916, 467–468, 478–480, 482, 493
- NSC 6011, 638
- NSC 6014, 538
- meetings:
-
140th, 262
-
353d, Jan. 30, 1958, 689–690
-
354th, Feb. 6, 1958, 692–693
-
356th, Feb. 27, 1958, 703–710
-
364th, May 1, 1958, 15, 563–564, 713–714
-
365th, May 8, 1958, 416–417
-
368th, June 19, 1958, 568–570
-
371st, July 3, 1958, 718–719
-
377th, Aug. 21, 1958, 730–734
-
388th, Dec. 3, 1958, 434–443
-
392d, Dec. 23, 1958, 587–590
-
393d, Jan. 15, 1959, 754–758
-
395th, Jan. 29, 1959, 762–763
-
404th, Apr. 30, 1959, 770–771
-
406th, May 13, 1959, 610–616
-
408th, May 28, 1959, 330–332
-
409th, June 4, 1959, 44, 209–214
422d, Oct. 29, 1959, 622
-
427th, Dec. 3, 1959, 472–482
-
435th, Feb. 18, 1960, 493–496
-
439th, Apr. 1, 1960, 126
-
444th, May 9, 1960, 633–636
-
451st, July 15, 1960, 261–262
-
454th, Aug. 1, 1960, 504–512
-
458th, Sept. 7, 1960, 272
-
460th, Sept. 21, 1960, 638–645, 777–783
-
465th, Oct. 31, 1960, 520–540
- Nationalist China. See
China, Republic of.
- Natural gas, 605, 641, 669n
-
Neal, Arthur, 680
- Nepal, 331, 388,
395
- Netherlands, 11, 38–41, 63,
98, 119, 384, 400, 566, 637
- International Development Association, 344, 352, 399
- U.S. grant military aid to, 134, 468, 470,
481, 483, 488, 505, 507–508, 511–512, 525–526, 529–531, 539–541
- United States, relations with, 109,
171, 182, 215–216, 252, 777
- Neutral Zone, 674, 677
- New Zealand, 84, 251–252, 257, 263–264, 314, 388
- Nicaragua, 84, 257,
637
-
Nichols, Clarence W., 179n
, 619n
, 633, 680
- Nigeria, 395, 654
-
Nitze, Paul H., 146, 151
-
Nixon, Richard M., 50, 103, 144, 439–440, 475, 518, 614, 629
- Mutual Security Program, 409, 411–413, 421, 424,
436, 457, 463, 465, 478–479, 501
- Soviet economic warfare, 1–5, 7–8, 12n
, 14–15, 22–23, 31
-
Norstad, Gen. Lauris, 138
- North Africa (see also individual
countries; under Oil), 597–599, 601, 604–605, 640–641, 663, 669
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 41,
56, 117n
, 252, 374, 524–525, 539
- British role in, 448
- French role in, 448
- Germany, Federal Republic, role in, 65,
275
- Heads of Government Meeting, Paris, Dec.
1957, 560
- Military planning for, 541, 680–682, 686–687
- North Atlantic Council Ministerial Meeting, 286n
- U.S. funding for, 466, 469–470, 480, 499
- unity in, 61, 127, 691, 705, 715
- Norway, 94, 229n
, 251–252, 257, 314, 399
- Nuclear energy, 7, 605–606, 646, 669n
- Nuclear war, 207, 550, 621–622, 681, 684, 686–687, 705, 711
- Nuclear weapons, 212, 448, 590
-
Nunley, William T., 373n
-
Oasis Oil Co., 649
-
O’Connell, James T., 103
- Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization (OCDM), 178, 271–272, 282, 619, 620n
,
638n
- Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM), 558,
571, 714
- Office of Oil and Gas, 596n
- Offshore procurement. See
Procurement, domestic.
- Oil:
- Afghanistan, resources in, 415
- alternate energy sources, 605–606
- Canada, 42, 218, 582, 584–585, 609, 653,
659
- import controls:
- Canada, 593, 595–598, 597, 609
- voluntary, 42, 216–218, 552–556, 553–556, 559–562, 574–577, 579–580, 591–593, 608
- Middle East, 580–581, 583, 585–586, 594–604, 610–616
- North Africa, 597–599, 601,
604–605,
640–641,
663, 669
- Venezuela, 42, 216, 638, 639, 658,
662, 667, 674, 677
- Western Europe, 31, 595–606, 610–616, 638–646, 666–671, 675–676, 678–679
- Okinawa, 145, 165
- Operations Coordinating Board (OCB), 5, 13
- Organization of American States (OAS), 401,
628
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 65, 69–75, 269–270, 272, 274, 285, 288, 406
- Development Assistance Committee, 400
- Economic Policy Committee, 69
- Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), 29, 48, 109, 155, 250, 355, 600, 603–604
- Conference, Paris, May 1959, 112
- Conference on the Reorganization of the Organization for European
Economic Cooperation, July 1960, 269–270
- Economic Policy Committee, 69
- less-developed countries, aid to, 29
- meetings, ministerial:
- reorganization of, 59–64, 68–69, 71–74, 398
- Steering Board for Trade, 244
- U.S. membership in, 58–64, 69, 246
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 639–640, 648–650, 652, 658–662, 673–674
- Organization for Trade Cooperation, 153
- Organization for Trade Cooperation Agreement, 180–181
-
Ormsby–Gore, David, 351, 747
-
Osborne, Melville, 233
- Otis Elevator Company, 722
- Overseas Internal Security Program (OISP), 442–443
-
Owen, David, 384
-
Owen, Henry, 16n
-
Owen, Richard B., 623
-
Paarlberg, Don S., 56–57, 120n
, 130, 166–168, 255, 315, 559n
, 608–609, 626, 752
-
Packard, Bob, 664
-
Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza Shah, 420–421
- Pakistan, 19, 83,
308, 388, 397–398, 399
-
Palmer, Gen., 469, 483
- Panama, 637
- Panama Canal Company, 248
-
Pappano, Alfred E., 180
-
Parker, Chauncey, 383
-
Parsons, J. Graham, 177,
184n
, 630n
-
Passman, Otto E., 324, 421, 428, 445–446, 470, 498–500
-
Patterson, John T., 224,
559n
, 642–643, 753
-
Pella, Giuseppe, 78, 346, 364n
-
Pella Plan, 29
-
Perez Alfonso, Juan, 651,
659
-
Perkins, James, 431
-
Perry, Hart, 379
-
Persons, Gen. Wilton B., 128, 133, 138, 142, 145–146, 151, 347, 433, 560
- Peru, 257, 263,
607, 637
- copper tariffs, 84, 399, 650,
705
- lead and zinc exports, 171–172, 179,
182, 184, 216, 218
- Petroleum. See
Oil.
-
Pettibone, Holman D., 549n
-
Phelan, Harry M., 204n
- Philippines, 84, 264, 343, 388, 410, 617, 627, 637, 746
-
Phillips, Christopher H., 307, 349, 351–352, 383
-
Pick, Franz, 112
-
Picknell, R.W., 393
-
Pinay, Antoine, 243, 344
-
Pitblado, D.B., 76
- P.L. 480. See
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of
1954
under
Congress, U.S., Acts
of.
-
Plakias, John, 403n
- Plutonium, 131
- Poland, 11, 517,
751
- Population growth, 439
-
Porter, Sylvia, 129
- Portugal, 63, 219,
251, 314, 367, 400
- Post Office Department, U.S., 556
- Potofsky, 268
- President’s Committee To Study the
- President’s Contingency Fund, 418, 422, 426–427, 461, 465
- Procurement, domestic, 51–52, 118, 129, 131, 139, 140, 163, 211, 353
-
Propps, Herbert F., 258n
, 714n
- Protectionism, 48–49, 65–66, 215, 218, 276–277
- Puerto Rico, 616, 627–628, 637
-
Qassim, Gen., 425
- Qatar, 658, 672
- Quaker Oats of Canada, 722
-
Quarles, Donald A., 417, 444, 452, 456, 553–554, 556, 560, 588, 743–744
- Quemoy, 444, 748
-
Radford, Adm. Arthur W., 447, 549n
-
Rains, Edward F., 764
-
Ramsbotham, Peter, 661
- Rand Corporation, 767–768, 782
-
Rand, Joseph, 559n
, 586
-
Randall, Clarence B., 56–57, 170, 262–263, 273n
, 282, 302n
, 409–410, 725n
, 728n
- economic defense, 760, 762n
, 770–771
- international commodity agreements, 565n
, 568n
, 569–570, 577
- multilateral trade controls, 690, 691–692, 727, 731,
779–780
- oil, 585, 638
- Soviet economic warfare, 3n
, 4, 6, 12, 31–32, 38
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 749–753, 764
- stockpiling policy, 557, 559n
, 572
- taxation of foreign investments, 298
- trade agreements, extension of, 153,
154n
, 159, 160n
, 166
- trade liberalization, 213, 288
- U.S.-West European trade relations, 64,
275, 277n
- Randall Commission, 3, 158, 247
- Rathbone, 649
-
Ray, Philip A., 57, 246
-
Rayburn, Sam, 175, 419, 421, 427–428, 457, 463, 465, 485, 489, 498–499
- Reciprocal Trade Agreement Program, 288
-
Reed, Daniel, 166
- Regional Export Expansion Committee, 285
-
Reid, Ralph W.E., 86, 88, 104, 106–108, 247–249, 292, 326, 510, 752
-
Reifman, Alfred, 714n
-
Reinhardt, G. Frederick, 24, 688
-
Renner, John, 269n
- Report of the Committee on World Economic Practices. See
Boeschenstein Report.
-
Rhee, Syngman, 466
- Rhodesia and Nyasaland, 252
-
Riddleberger, James W., 44, 47, 378, 380, 483, 542
-
Ridgway, Gen. Matthew B., 480
-
Rio Conference, 517
-
Ritchie, A.E., 593n
, 680
-
Roberts, R.H., 194n
-
Robin Hood Flour Mills of Montreal, 722
-
Robinson, Hamlin, 317
-
Robinson, Joe, 204n
-
Rockefeller, Nelson A., 4–5, 497
-
Rockefeller Report, 172
-
Rogers, William P., 1, 31, 50, 103, 547n
, 560, 591, 633–636
-
Rooney, John J., 421
-
Rootes, William, 80
-
Ross, Emerson, 345
-
Rouhani, Fuad, 649
-
Rountree, William, 688
-
Rowan, Leslie, 76–78
- Royal Dutch Petroleum Company, 652
- Royal Dutch-Shell, 630–631
- Rubber, 216, 621
-
Rubottom, Roy R., Jr., 623–625, 630n
-
Russell, Richard, 485, 491
- Russia. See
Soviet Union.
-
Ryss, Murray, 269n
-
Saccio, Leonard J., 469
-
Saltonstall, Leverett, 382, 421, 424, 427, 445–446, 452, 466, 491, 500, 517, 629
-
Sanderhoff, Lubert O., 257n
, 260–261, 680, 768n
, 771
-
Satterthwaite, Joseph C., 630n
- Saudi Arabia, 600, 631, 658, 668, 673, 678
-
Saulnier, Raymond J., 50, 52–53, 57, 76, 207, 209, 607–608, 752
- Savings and loan associations, 369–370, 376–378
- Scandinavia, 219, 384, 742
-
Schaefer, William E., Jr., 311
-
Schaffner, Philip P., 104n
- Schwartz, 65, 275
-
Scribner, Fred C., Jr., 317–318, 332, 495–496
-
Seaton, Fred A., 1, 31, 50, 103, 169n
, 587–588, 591, 607–608, 648
-
Segni, Antonio, 346, 357, 364n
- Senate, U.S., 169, 768
- Appropriations Committee, 421, 423–424, 427–429, 467, 500,
516, 519
- Committee on Banking and Currency, 376n
, 377
- Finance Committee, 174, 423
- Foreign Relations Committee, 3, 64, 163, 191, 314,
321, 330, 344, 418–419
- Trade agreements extension, 155, 159, 174–175, 178,
179n
- Shale oil, 605, 646, 669n
- Shell Petroleum Company, Ltd., 652
-
Shields, Robert H., 623,
625
-
Shuckburgh, Evelyn, 661
-
Shuff, Charles H., 469
-
Simpson, Richard, 165
- Singapore, 746
- Sino-Soviet bloc. See
China, People’s Republic of; Soviet bloc; Soviet Union.
-
Sladic, M.J., 660
-
Smith, Dudley, 623
-
Smith, Gerard C., 16n
, 68–70, 429
-
Smith, H. Alexander, 418,
422
-
Smith, James H., Jr., 6–8, 38, 89n
, 295–296, 311, 312, 411, 437, 439, 442
-
Smith, Marshall M., 86,
88, 680, 683, 729n
, 764n
-
Smith, R.G.C., 680
-
Smith, Sidney E., 718
-
Smith, Gen. Walter Bedell, 549n
-
Snow, William P., 182n
-
Socony Mobil Oil Co., 630
- Solar energy, 669n
- South Africa, 84, 131, 251–252, 314, 388
- South America, 219, 427
- South Asia, 326, 330–332, 426
-
Southard, Frank A., Jr., 79, 82–88, 93–95, 108–111, 140–141, 228n
, 292, 304, 310–311
- Southeast Asia, 185, 752
- Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 746
- Southern Rhodesia, 689
- Soviet bloc (see also individual
countries), 216, 473–477, 517, 566, 645, 740–741
- Soviet Union (see Soviet Union and Soviet
subheadings under other subjects), 24–25, 36,
40, 372, 418, 690, 702–703
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 735, 744–749
- copper imports, 689, 707–708, 751
- economic situation, 48–49, 138–139
- foreign economic aid from, 9–12, 16–19, 441–442, 682–683
- International Cooperation Agency of, 7
- military situation, 12, 533–534
- oil, 641–642, 659
- United Kingdom, relations with, 737,
746–747
- United States, trade relations with, 157, 414–415, 714–718
- U.S. trade embargo, proposed, 751
- world economic conference proposal, 350
-
Spaak, Paul-Henri, 469, 478–480
- Spain, 62, 251,
257, 314, 339, 380, 388, 557, 559
-
Sparkman, John, 685n
- Special Committee To Investigate Crude Oil Imports, 553n
, 562n
, 576, 585, 587–589
- Special Economic Committee, 63–64
- Special National Intelligence Estimates (see also
National Intelligence Estimates), SNIE 100–8–58, 735–742, 761
- Special Stockpile Advisory Committee, 549–552, 557–558
- Special U.N. Fund for Economic Development (SUNFED), 40, 307, 313–314, 322, 374, 384, 391–392, 401, 403, 405
- Preparatory Committee meeting, New York, Mar.-Apr. 1958, 299–301
-
Spigler, Donald S., 619n
-
Sprague, Mansfield D., 6, 693n
, 694, 727–728
- Sputnik, 410
- Square-D Company, 722
-
Staats, Elmer B., 483
- Standard Oil Company of California, 630
- Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, 630–631, 648–650
- Stanford Institute, 768
-
Stanley, T.W., 758n
-
Stans, Maurice H., 106, 130, 132, 280, 419, 475–476, 532–533, 535–537, 573, 606–607, 621, 648
- Mutual Security Program, 126, 331–332, 440, 455–457, 457,
462–463,
469, 477, 495–496, 543–547
- U.S. gold reserves, 130, 132
-
Stanton, Harker, 573
- Steel, 52–53
-
Stevenson, Robert A., 616n
-
Stibravy, William J., 299n
-
Stimpson, Harry F., Jr., 294n
, 296
- Stockholm Convention, 242, 258–259
- Strategic resources and international commodities:
- agricultural surpluses, 664
- cellular energy, 669n
- commodity agreements, 563–570, 577
- lead and zinc commodity meeting, Geneva, Nov.
1958, 586n
- natural gas, 605, 641, 669n
- nuclear energy, 605–606, 669n
- oil, 603–604
- alternate energy sources to, 646, 669n
- antitrust case against cartel, 630–636
- Soviet exports of, 597–599, 601, 649, 651–657, 662–664, 666, 670–672
- transport of, 571–572, 604–605, 668
- Western Europe, dependence on, 31, 595–606, 610–616, 638–646, 666–671, 675–676, 678–679
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, 639–640, 648–650, 652, 658–662, 673–674
- shale oil, 605, 669n
- solar energy, 669n
- Soviet Union, 597–599, 601,
641–642,
649, 651–657, 659, 662–664, 666,
670–672
- stockpiling policy, 549–552
- Sugar Act extension, 616–619, 623–629
- tar sands, 605, 669n
- wind power, 669
-
Straus, Ralph I., 89, 100, 261, 263, 317n
, 325
-
Strauss, Lewis L., 38, 101, 103, 211, 317–318, 322, 326, 607, 756–757
- Sudan, 10, 216,
339, 395, 399, 425
- Suez Canal, 598
- Suez crisis, 96
- Sugar, 216, 264,
616–619, 623–629, 637
- Sukarno, 440
-
Sullivan, Charles A., 661
-
Summerfield, Arthur E., 1,
31, 50, 103
- Sweden, 63, 215,
251–252, 257, 314, 399
-
Swihart, James W., 203n
- Switzerland, 63, 65,
219, 252, 257
- Syria, 10–11, 31, 83,
639, 668
-
Szymczak, M.S., 86, 104–105, 107, 291–292, 325, 341, 343
-
Taber, John, 324, 421, 424, 427, 485, 487–488
- Taiwan. See
China, Republic of.
- Taiwan Strait, 528, 743–744, 748
- Tanganyika, 399
-
Tank, Martin M., 513
- Tar sands, 605, 669n
- Tariff Commission, 42, 161, 164–166, 197, 208, 249, 267, 271
- cotton, 241–242, 266
- lead and zinc imports, 168n
, 170n
, 171, 182–183
- peril points, 177, 258, 283,
287, 491
-
Tariki, Abdullah, 651,
659, 674
- Taxes, 19, 43, 455, 508–510, 532, 534–535, 580
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), 196, 212–213
-
Terrill, Robert P., 32n
, 38, 41, 48
- Texaco, Inc., 630
- Textiles, 162–163,
184–185, 241–242, 252/1, 752
- Thailand, 79, 83,
314, 339, 379, 388, 399
-
Thompson, Llewellyn, 347,
693n
-
Thorold, Guy Frederick, 24, 76, 680–682, 685, 697
-
Thorp, Capt. Wakeman B., 680, 764
-
Thurmond, Strom, 174
- Tidewater Oil, 552
-
Tillion, Germaine, 439
-
Timberlake, Clare H., 510
-
Timmons, B.E.L., 768n
- Tin, 32, 41, 216, 444, 648, 752
- Trade Agreements Committee, 233
- Trade and commercial policy (see also
General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT):
- agricultural surpluses, 155–158, 194–195, 222–223, 225,
230, 263–265, 282
- antitrust laws, 261–263
- British position, 42–43
- Buy American policy, 191–194, 196–199, 206–209, 212–213, 216–218, 220,
224, 247–249, 277, 280–281, 322
- cotton, 202–203, 216, 233, 241,
266
- dollar discrimination, 211, 227–230, 236, 245,
250–252,
277
-
Eisenhower-era overview, 288
- Food for Peace, 194, 222, 233,
263, 265, 288
- international conference proposal, 158, 173–174
- imports:
- labeling of, 272
- lead and zinc, 159, 168–173, 176, 179–180, 182–188, 216, 218
- locomotives, 248
- machine tools, 248
- restrictions on, 163–165
- turbines, 191–194, 196, 199, 206–209, 212, 216–218, 224, 248, 272, 322
- Minerals Stabilization Plan, 171–172, 179,
182
- national security, 209–221, 271–272
- oil quotas, 216–218
- P.L. 480 loan repayments, 255–256
- protectionism, 215
- tariffs:
- negotiations, 189–190
- wool, 192, 196–198, 200–201, 204–206, 216, 225–227, 260–261, 268, 278–279
- Trade Agreements Act renewal, 152–155, 159–160, 165–166, 174–175, 177–178, 210
- trade liberalization, 65, 96, 155, 213, 249–254
- travel to the United States, 230, 237–240
- U.S. export promotions, 237–240, 246
- U.S. position, 42–43
- voluntary export controls, 218–219
- wheat agreement, extension of, 166–168, 206
- wool, 192, 196–198, 200–201, 204–206, 216, 225–226, 260,
268, 279
- Trade Policy Committee, 197–198, 220, 232
- Trans-Arabian Pipeline (TAPLINE), 676
- Treasury, U.S. Department of, 70, 91–93, 255–256, 299, 301, 311, 539–542, 719
- agricultural surpluses, 158n
, 282, 558
- Development Loan Fund, 290–292, 310,
329, 336
- international commodities agreements, 563–565, 577
- lead and zinc, 176, 187–188
- oil, 609, 611–612, 638n
, 639–640, 645
- Soviet-U.S. trade, 758, 759n
, 765–767
- taxation of foreign investments, 297–298, 302, 317–320
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem, 55,
57
-
Trueheart, William C., 661
-
Truman, Harry S., 138,
633
- Tunisia, 257, 380,
425, 638
-
Turkel, H.R., 623
- Turkey, 34, 62, 94, 314, 506, 776
- Development Loan Fund, 379, 388, 484
- U.S. economic aid to, 105, 380, 425,
446
- U.S. military aid to, 470, 490, 525,
527
-
Turpin, William N., 651–652, 768n
-
Twining, Gen. Nathan F., 434–436, 469, 690, 778
- Unemployment, 28, 30
- Union of South Africa. See
South Africa.
- United Arab Republic (UAR) (see also
Egypt; Syria; Yemen), 20, 339, 388, 656, 659, 668, 670
- United Kingdom (see also United Kingdom
and British subheadings under other subjects), 63, 97–98,
121, 219, 221, 314, 400, 454, 689
- Bank of England, 150
- Board of Trade, 699, 775
- Chinese People’s Republic, trade with, 706, 722–723, 762
- international commodity agreements, 566, 568n
- international economic development, 26,
119, 356, 358–359, 364, 367, 399,
444
- Kuwaiti investments in, 668
- monetary reserves of, 82, 96
- oil, 571–572, 640, 650, 662
- Soviet Union, relations with, 737,
746–747
- U.S. grant military aid to, 467–468, 470,
478, 483, 487, 490–491, 494, 505,
525, 541
- United States, relations with, 25–31, 545, 666, 678,
773
- United States, trade relations with, 109, 215, 243, 251–252, 257,
365–366
- turbines, 191–194, 196, 199, 208, 212, 216–218
- wool tariffs, 197–198, 200–201, 203–204, 216, 226, 260, 279
- U.S.-West European trade relations, 69
- world liquidity, 76–81
- U.N. General Assembly, 264, 299, 307–308, 313–314, 427
- fourteenth session, 348, 349n
- resolutions:
- United Nations (see also
U.N. General Assembly):
- Capital Development Fund, proposed, 403–404
- ECE, 769
- Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), 20, 334, 349–351, 392, 769
- Commission on International Commodity Trade, 566, 578
- Expanded Technical Assistance Program (ETAP), 374, 401,
403, 405
- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 195, 301
- Food for Peace, role in, 265
- International Development Association, relations with, 349, 383–384, 391–392, 404
- International Labor Organization (ILO), 301
- lead and zinc, 172–173, 176,
186
- multilateral development aid, 60
- Special Fund for Economic Development (SUNFED), 40, 307, 313–314, 322, 374,
384, 391–392, 401, 403,
405
- Preparatory Committee meeting, New York, Mar.-Apr. 1958, 299–301
- Special Projects Fund for Undeveloped Regions, 415
- Technical Assistance Board, 391–392
- World Health Organization (WHO), 374
- U.S. balance-of-payments problem. See
Balance of payments.
- U.S. Chamber of Commerce, 567
- U.S. Information Agency (USIA), 177, 488
- U.S. Intelligence Board, 735n
- U.S. military expenditures, 117
- U.S.-Canadian Committee on Trade and Economic Affairs, 245
- U.S. Rubber Company, 751
-
Upton, T. Graydon, 44, 50–51, 52n
, 115n
, 124, 127, 231n
,
255n
, 340–342, 360, 390
- Uranium, 131, 192,
193n
, 415
- Uruguay, 10, 83,
216, 257, 263, 567, 663
-
Vallon, Edwin E., 623,
625n
-
van den Perre, 651
-
van Roijen, J.H., 38–41
- Venezuela, 78–79,
83, 388, 399
- natural gas reserves, 605
- oil, 42, 216, 638, 639, 658,
662, 667, 674, 677
- United States, relations with, 553,
562, 574
-
Vettel, Thelma E., 162, 234n
, 266n
- Vietnam, Democratic Republic of, 710, 713
- Vietnam, Republic of, 83, 339, 388, 399, 426, 460, 513–514, 527
-
Vine, Richard D., 286n
- Virgin Islands, 623, 628
- Von Klemperer, Alfred H., 125n
, 128, 133–134, 138, 383–384
-
Voorhees, Tracy, 431, 447, 453, 469
-
Vorys, John M., 416, 421
-
Walker, Herman, Jr., 257n
-
Wallich, Henry C., 101–103, 112–115
-
Wallner, Woodruff, 403n
, 405n
-
Walsh, John P., 38
-
Walsh, Lawrence E., 263,
553, 555
-
Waugh, Samuel C., 56–57, 86–87, 104–106, 291, 325–327, 341–343, 345, 389–390, 431
-
Weart, William G., 497n
-
Webb, James E., 447, 549n
-
Weber, George, 645n
, 662–664
- Weeks, Sinclair, 1, 14, 152–153, 205n
,
424
- multilateral trade controls, 690, 710, 712,
733–734
- oil, voluntary import controls on, 552, 553–554, 559–562, 575n
, 638,
663, 665
- Soviet Union, 22, 31–32, 655, 663
-
Weinberg, Sidney J., 8,
14
-
Weiss, Seymour, 283n
, 286n
-
Welch, Leo, 648, 650
- Western Europe, 31, 58–64, 117, 134, 148, 200, 211, 273, 742, 752
- military situation, 454
- oil, 31, 595–606, 610–616, 638–646, 666–671, 675–676, 678–679
- United States, trade relations with, 65, 68–69, 275
- U.S troop redeployment from, 544–545, 547
- Western Heads of State and Government meeting, Paris, Dec. 1959, 63, 71, 367, 492n
-
Westfall, Virginia C., 405n
- Wheat Council, 166–168
-
Whitman, Ann C., 168, 419, 424, 608
-
Whitman, Walter G., 549n
-
Whitney, John Hay, 42, 80–81, 136, 193, 203n
, 746–749
-
Wilcox, Francis O., 307, 373n
, 567
-
Wiley, Alexander, 418,
460, 485, 488
-
Wilken, David, 405n
-
Wilkinson, Bud, 294
-
Wilkinson, H., 652–654
-
Williams, Clyde, 549n
-
Williams, John J., 628
-
Williams, Walter, 690, 693n
, 694, 706–708
-
Willis, George H., 86n
, 255–256, 264, 289, 313–314, 342, 345, 371
-
Willoughby, Woodbury, 159, 177n
, 260
-
Willys, 722
-
Wilson, Everett B., 623
-
Wilson, James M., 378, 424n
, 458n
, 513
- Wind power, 669n
-
Wood, C. Tyler, 337
- Wool, 192, 196–198, 200–201, 204–206, 216, 225–226, 260, 268, 279, 322
- World Court, 445n
- World Economic Conference of 1933, 65, 275
- World Health Organization, 374
-
Wright, M.A., 648
-
Wright, Robert B., 680,
764, 771n
, 772
-
Wright, Maj. Gen. W.H.S., 513
-
Wyndham White, Eric, 244, 258, 269–270, 273–274
- Yemen, 32, 678
-
Youde, E., 680
- Yugoslavia, 11, 31,
34, 39, 171, 182, 388, 395
-
Zellerbach, James D., 252
- Zinc, 29, 32, 96, 159, 168–173, 176, 179–180, 182–188, 216, 218, 586
-
Zulueta, Philip de, 24