Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers,
1943, China
Index
- Adler, Solomon, resignation from Chinese Stabilization Board, 464, 465, 466–467, 473
- Afghanistan, Chinese efforts to establish supply route via, 614–619
- Agreements. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Antimony, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- Arnold, Gen. Henry H., conferences with Chiang Kai-shek, 1, 664, 669
- Articles critical of China published in American magazines and newspapers:
Chinese reaction to, 79, 80–84, 87–88, 103, 106–107,
140, 141–142, 146, 148–150, 182–183;
counter-articles by Rodney Gilbert, 98, 101, 103, 126; State Department attitude toward, 88–89, 98–99, 100–101, 102–104, 183; War Department views, 126–127
- Atlantic Charter (1941), 164
- Australia, interest in exchange problems of diplomatic missions in China,
413–414
- Aviation (See also
Military assistance to China by United States: Air forces):
- Air ferry service to China for strategic materials: Schedules and
priorities, 645–650, 652, 656; Suifu-Assam route, 643, 659–660
- Air freight service to China for lend-lease supplies, 500–501, 501–502
- British air mission at Chengtu, 10–11, 33, 40–41
- Planes for Chinese internal transport: British refusal of Chinese
request for, 667–668, 673; State Department
support of Chinese requests for, 99–100, 667–668, 673
- Repair crews at Chengtu trained by Soviet advisers, 102
- Baldwin, Hanson, publication of articles critical of China, 80–83, 87–88, 102–104, 126–127, 146, 149–150, 183
- Bandit attacks upon Americans. See under
Protection of American lives and property.
- Bisson, T. A., publication of article critical of China, 79, 80, 81–82, 84, 149, 183
- Black markets. See
Financial situation in China: Currency black markets.
- Bond issue. See
Loans and credits to China: U.
S. credit of $500,000,000: Domestic bond and
certificate issue.
- Book entitled “China’s Destiny.” See under
Chiang Kai-shek.
- Broadcasts to South American countries by China, U. S. refusal to permit
relay of, 818
- Browder, Earl, 97, 293
- Buck, Pearl, publication of article critical of China, 82, 87, 149, 183
- Burma campaign: Chinese views regarding, 31–32, 84,
92–93, 112, 154–155, 181, 838; decisions at Casablanca, Quebec, and Tehran
Conferences regarding, 1, 100, 109, 178; opinions and recommendations of U. S. officials, 14, 59, 100, 117, 491
- Burma Road, reopening of, 32, 59, 100, 105, 109, 154–155, 491–492
- Cairo Conference. See under
Conferences.
- Canada, cancellation of munitions agreement with China, 93, 95–96, 110–111
- Carter, Edward C., on visit to Chungking as representative of Institute of
Pacific Relations, 82, 309, 321
- Casablanca Conference. See under
Conferences.
- “C–C” clique, 252, 337, 340
- Censorship and publicity system of Chinese Government, 64–65, 79, 82, 83–84, 252
- Central Air Transport Corp. (formerly Eurasia), 666–667, 682–684, 885
- Central Executive Committee of Kuomintang. See
under
Kuomintang.
- Central Government of China. See
Chinese Government.
- Chandler, Senator, press statement, 151
- Chang Hsueh-liang (the Young Marshal), 375–376
- Chennault, Gen. Claire L., 1, 33, 36, 38, 41–42, 131, 136, 501, 502
- Chiang Kai-shek (See also
Conferences):
- Address to plenary session of Central Executive Committee, 327, 331–332
- Book entitled “China’s Destiny,” publication of: Censorship
practices with respect to, 64;
implications of, 63; reaction of Chinese
Communists to, 246, 347–348;
reaction of Chinese intellectuals and [Page 898] some Kuomintang officials to, 148, 245–246, 252;
report of U. S. Embassy on book and transmission of text and
translation, 244–248; review by State Department official, 310–312
- Broadcast to armed forces and peoples of Thailand, Feb. 26, 13–14, 16;
Roosevelt’s supporting statement, Mar. 12,
23–24,
36–37
- Comments on gold purchase from United States and war progress,
371–372
- Concern regarding anti-Chinese feeling among U. S. armed forces,
120
- Conversations with Patrick J. Hurley, 164–166
- Conversations with U. S. Embassy officials, 15–17, 143–145, 371–372, 482–483
- Instructions to delegates to plenary session of Central Executive
Committee, 337–338, 351
- New Year’s greeting to Roosevelt, 189
- Offices held in National Government:
- Acting President, appointment as, 243–244, 299
- President: Election, Sept. 13, 336, 339; inaugural speech and ceremony, 361–362; reactions in China, 364–365; Roosevelt’s
congratulatory message, 119,
124, 130–131, 131–132, 349
- Opposition to Gen. Stilwell’s proposal to train and equip 600,000
Chinese troops, 62
- Suspicions of Soviet intentions, 143,
164
- U. S. policy toward, 397–400
- Views regarding Chinese financial situation, 482–483
- Chiang Kai-shek, Madame: Anti-American bias, report of, 80; message to Roosevelt, Dec.
5, 178–180;
presence at Cairo Conference, 160, 162, 163, 482; views regarding Chinese economic situation,
483; visit to United States and
conversations with Roosevelt, 3–4, 5, 10, 11, 16–17, 38, 66, 69, 73, 120, 433, 664
- China Foundation for Promotion of Education and Culture, U.
S.-Chinese discussions of status after termination of Boxer Protocol (1901), 701–709
- China National Aviation Corp., 99–100, 643, 661–686
passim
- Chinese broadcasts to South American countries, U. S. refusal to permit
relay of, 818
- Chinese Communists (See also
Kuomintang-Communist relations): Air communication
with Soviet Union, 377, 378; conditions in Communist-controlled areas, 279–281, 315, 325–327; difficulties within Communist Party
following dissolution of Comintern, rumors of, 292, 296, 303–305; importance of communism in
China, assessment of, 285–288; invitation to United States to send observers into
Communist-controlled areas, 198–199, 207–208, 214, 231, 265; manifesto
issued on July 7 anniversary, 294–295; military forces, estimates
of strength of, 204, 372–373, 382–384; Soviet aid, cessation of,
289–290; Soviet
article championing cause of, 316
- Chinese exclusion laws, repeal by United States, 769–787
- Chinese interest and views, 769–770, 771–773, 781,
785, 786
- Repeal legislation enacted by U. S. Congress and approved Dec. 17, 785–786, 786–787
- State Department’s interest and views, 66–67, 770–771, 772, 774–780, 781–784
- Chinese Government (See also
Chiang Kai-shek; Kuomintang; and subject headings):
- Activities of Marshal Li Chi-shen: Criticism of
administration, 385, 391; negotiations for understanding with
military leaders in southeast and southwest China, 380–381, 391; possible offer of post at Chungking,
390–391
- Anti-foreign atmosphere, growth of, 80,
83, 127–128
- “C–C” clique, 252, 337, 340.
- Celebration of sixth anniversary of Japanese attack: Mass meeting,
72; message from Roosevelt, 69
- Censorship and publicity system, operation of, 64–65, 79, 82, 83–84, 252
- Committee to investigate corrupt practices in dealings with U. S.
Army Services of Supplies, 187
- Criticism of administration by Chinese officials, 366, 385,
391
- Defections to Nanking regime, 42–43, 71
- Development of reactionary nationalism, 322–325
- Dissatisfaction with military attitude of college and middle
school students, 209
- Disturbances, friction, etc., in Kansu, Kweichow, Ninghsia, and
Szechuan, 232–237, 238–240, 241,
249, 269–270, 316–317, 344–345
- Federation of Chinese Democratic Parties, platform of, 298, 341
- Labor camps in China, 391–393
- “Peace” Party, 7, 63
- Peoples Political Council (Third):
- Meeting of Council in Sept.:
General, 321, 343–344; resolution regarding 18th Army Group, 351; withdrawal of Communist
delegate, 344, 345–346
- Meeting of standing committee, July
13, 288–289
- Peoples Political Science Group, 252–253, 337
- President Lin Sen, illness and death of, 243, 299–300
- Regulations relating to association with foreigners, 76–77, 137–138
- Relief of head of secret political and military police, 112–113
- San Min Chu I Youth Corps, activities of, 216–217, 225–228
- Struggle for power in, 62
- Suppression of intellectual leadership, 384–385
- Suspicion of British intentions, 66,
67, 172;
of Soviet intentions, 63, 90–91, 143–144, 172, 219–220, 271–273
- Tibet: Chinese claims regarding suzerainty, 621, 625, 626, 631,
634, 635, 642; Chinese troop
concentrations on border of, 631–634, 637,
639–643
- Transportation problems, 104–106
- Treaties, conventions, etc.:
- Agreement with United Kingdom regarding terms and
conditions of employment of Chinese seamen on British ships
(1942), revision of, 805–808
- Boxer Protocol (1901), 157, 701–709
passim
- Commercial treaty with United States:
Chinese feelers, 710, 769, 770; U. S.-British exchange of views regarding,
711–715
- Extraterritorial rights. See
Treaty with United States, infra.
- Four power declaration on general security (Oct. 30). See
under
Conferences: Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers.
- Military service agreement with United States (May 21), negotiations and exchange of
notes, 691–700
- Reverse lend-lease agreement. See
Reverse lend-lease
discussions.
- Stabilization agreement with United States (1941). See
under
Loans and credits to China.
- Treaty with United States for relinquishment
of extraterritorial rights in China and the regulation of
related matters (Jan. 11): Citation
to text, 690; interpretation of
art. II, 704, 705–706, 708
- U. S. military observers in North China, recommendation regarding
stationing of, 329–330
- Chinese Maritime Customs: Appointment of an American as
Acting Inspector General of Customs, 687;
interest of United States in maintenance of administrative integrity of,
687–689
- Chinese seamen in American ports, negotiations with respect
to treatment of, 788–812
- Accounts of 1942 incidents of shooting of
Chinese seamen attempting to land in New York, and steps taken to
correct situation, 788–791
- Correspondence with Mayor of New York City, and his efforts to
solve problem of Chinese seamen deserting from British ships, 791–795
- Deportation of deserting Chinese seamen to India for conscription
into Chinese armed forces, arrangements between United Kingdom,
India, and China for, 808–812; attitude of Gen. Stilwell, 810–811, 812
- Legislation to permit deportation of deserting seamen to country
of vessel on which they shipped: Consultation with Chinese
Ambassador, and his protests, 796–799, 801–803; State Department’s interest in
passage of, 799–802, 803–804, 808
- Negotiations between United Kingdom and China for revision of 1942 agreement in regard to terms and
conditions of employment of Chinese seamen on British ships, 805–808
- Chinese students in United States: Applicability of
Selective Service Act to, 813–817; plans for training student technicians, 737–740, 743–746, 747–751, 756–758, 764; use of Chinese Air Corps pilots trained in
United States, 41–42,
44–45, 49–50
- Chou En-lai. See
Communist representatives at Chungking
under
Kuomintang-Communist relations.
- Churchill, Winston S. (See also
Conferences): Address before U. S. Congress, May 19, Chinese reaction to, 55; broadcast speech, Mar. 21, Chinese
reaction to, 47, 48
- Commercial treaty between United States and China: Chinese feelers, 710, 769, 770; U. S.-British exchange of views, 711–715
- Communists. See
Chinese Communists.
- Conferences:
- Cairo Conference between Roosevelt, Chiang Kai-shek, and Churchill
(Nov. 22–26): [Page 900]
- Advantages of such a conference, discussions regarding,
54–55, 59
- Arrangements for Conference, messages exchanged by
Roosevelt and Chiang Kai-shek with respect to, 69, 73,
79, 154, 156–157, 160–161, 162, 163
- Atlantic Charter and Four Freedoms, probable
recommendations of Chiang Kai-shek regarding, 164–165
- Billion-dollar U. S. loan, Chiang Kai-shek’s request for,
and Roosevelt’s attitude toward, 179–180, 181–182, 455, 480, 483–484, 485, 588
- Messages exchanged by Roosevelt and the Chiang Kai-sheks
following Conference, 178–182
- Press communiqué of Conference: Chinese reaction to, 177–178, 179; text, 176–177
- Casablanca Conference between Roosevelt and Churchill (Jan. 14–24): Joint message to Chiang
Kai-shek, Jan. 25, 1–2; non-representation of
China, 53, 94;
official communiqué referring to assistance to Chiang Kai-shek, 664; Roosevelt’s press conference, Jan. 24, regarding Conference decisions to
aid China and to prosecute war in Pacific, 497
- Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers (Oct. 18–Nov. 1), 819–835
- Extracts from summary of proceedings of third meeting, Oct. 21, 4 p.m., and eighth meeting,
Oct. 26, 4 p.m., 823–826, 828
- Four-power declaration on security, U. S. assistance in
securing Chinese admission to signature to: British
attitude, 821–822, 825, 827; draft texts
and modifications of declaration transmitted to China, 109–110, 819–821, 823, 827–828, 829–831: expressions
of appreciation from Chiang Kai-shek and other Chinese
officials, 833–834, 835; Roosevelt’s message to Chiang Kai-shek, 834–835; signature of declaration, Oct. 30, 832; Soviet
opposition, and final agreement, 823–826
passim, 828
- Memorandum of conversation between Hull and Eden, Oct. 24, 827
- Memorandum of conversation between Hull and Molotov, Oct. 26, 826
- Quebec Conference between Roosevelt and Churchill (Aug. 11–24): Chinese representation, 90n
; joint statement by Roosevelt and Churchill, Aug. 24, citation to, 90n
; plans for reopening of Burma Road, 100, 109; Stalin’s
non-participation, Chinese attitude toward, 90–91
- Tehran Conference between Roosevelt, Churchill, and
Stalin (Nov. 27–Dec. 1), 156, 160,
166n
, 178n
; Roosevelt’s message to Chiang Kai-shek, Dec. 5, regarding Conference decisions, and Chiang
Kai-shek’s reply, Dec. 6, 180–182
- Washington Conference between Roosevelt and Churchill, Map 12–25, Chinese participation, 53n
- Consular officers. See
Diplomatic and consular representation in
China.
- Conventions. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Credits. See
Loans and credits to China.
- Criminal jurisdiction over U. S. military personnel. See
Military service agreement.
- Cultural relations program of State Department. See
Technical assistance to China.
- Currency. See
Financial situation in China.
- Currie, Lauchlin, 93, 96, 494
- Declaration of war by Nanking regime on United Kingdom and United States,
1, 2–3
- Diplomatic and consular representation in China (U. S.):
- Appointment of special cultural relations officer at Chungking,
740–742
- Arrangements for special exchange rates for. See
Financial situation in China: Exchange rates: Subsidies.
- Detail of four Foreign Service officers to Stilwell Mission, 60–61, 68, 91–92, 107–108
- Opening of new posts in China, 213,
218, 220, 727–731
- Order issued to U. S. Ambassador to proceed to Washington for
consultation, 12–13, 15, 17
- Travel restrictions in China on, 335
- Disturbances, friction, etc., in Kansu, Kweichow, Ninghsia, and Szechuan,
232–237, 238–240, 241, 249, 269–270, 316–317, 344–345
- Dolan, Lt. Brooke, member of special mission (OSS) to Gen. Stilwell via
Tibet. See
Tibet: Special
mission.
- Economic deterioration in China (See also
Financial situation in China), 70, 113–114, 168–169, 175–176, 184–186, 604
- Eden, Anthony (See also
Conferences: Moscow
Conference):
- Address delivered July 7, 85
- Conversations in Washington: Background material for, 14–15; Chinese
Foreign Minister’s interest in, 845–846
- Conversations with Chinese Foreign Minister, Mar. 25 and July 28, 84, 626–627, 845
- Speech at Annapolis, Mar. 26, 47–48
- Evacuation of U. S. citizens, 168, 182
- Exchange rates. See under
Financial situation in China.
- Extraterritorial rights in China:
- Famine conditions in Provinces of Honan and Kwangtung, 208–209, 221, 224–225, 268–269, 300–301, 395–396, 421–422
- Federation of Chinese Democratic Parties, platform of, 341, 398
- Feng Yu-hsiang, Gen., 33–36
- Financial relations between United States and China. See
Financial situation in China; Loans and credits to China; Reverse
lend-lease discussions.
- Financial situation in China (See also
Loans and credits to China):
- Central Executive Committee’s resolution on fiscal policy, 209–211
- Currency black markets, use by U. S. military
personnel and civil agencies, 404, 406, 552–554, 565–566, 569,
570, 571–572
- Exchange rates and currency regulations (See also
Reverse lend-lease discussions):
- Currency arrangements with China of—
- State Department, 565–566, 569, 571–572, 574, 578, 582, 586–587
- Treasury Department, 451, 573–574, 578–580, 581, 582–583, 584–585
- War Department, 567–568, 572–573, 575–577, 580–581, 589
- Subsidies for U. S. military personnel,
diplomatic and consular missions, missionary and relief
organizations, etc., 403–404, 406, 418, 419, 420–421, 451–452, 454–455, 519, 531–536, 543–552, 569; Australian interest in, 413–414
- Foreign currency movements, lack of controls for, 401–402, 406–407, 414–415, 418–419
- Inflation problems and their effect, 5,
31–32,
168–169,
425, 438, 444–446, 455–456, 460,
516, 588
- Japanese smuggling and currency operations, effect of, 45–46, 85–86, 417–418, 433–437, 440–442, 452, 647,
659
- Monopolies of Chinese Government, 424–425, 438–439, 448–449, 871
- Remittances from United States to China, program for effecting,
415–417,
418–419,
420, 427–428, 450–451, 531, 548
- Formosa, postwar status of, 842, 843, 845
- Four-power declaration on general security. See
under
Conferences: Moscow Conference
of Foreign Ministers.
- French Committee of National Liberation: Application for membership in
Pacific War Council, 882, 884, 887; objections to proposed
Chinese military intervention in French Indochina, 882–884, 887–888; representations to China
regarding taking over of Yunnan section of Indochina-Yunnan Railway, and U.
S. expression of interest on behalf of France, 889–892
- French Indochina. See
Indochina.
- Gilbert, Rodney, publication of article on China, 98, 101, 103, 126
- Gold purchases by China from United States, 422–424, 425–427, 428–433, 434, 437, 439, 442–444, 447–448, 449–450, 453–454, 456, 460–461, 462–463
- “Good neighbor” policy of United States, 12
- Great Britain. See
United Kingdom.
- Honan, famine conditions in, 208–209, 221, 224–225, 268–269, 395–396
- Hong Kong, 311, 845
- Hsiung Shih-hui, Gen., appointment as head of Chinese National Planning
Board, 62–63, 127–128
- Hull, Cordell. See
Conferences: Moscow
Conference.
- Hunan: Military and political conditions in, 374; Soviet advisers in, 374
- Hurley, Patrick J., report on inspection trip to China, 163–166
- Immigration legislation. See
Chinese exclusion laws.
- India (See also
Chinese seamen: Deportation): Chinese efforts to establish supply route to China
via, 614–619;
situation in India, Chinese attitude regarding, 14, 32, 48;
Tibetan autonomy, attitude toward, 628
- Indochina, French:
- Military intervention by China, proposed: French objections, 882–884, 887–888;
views of Roosevelt, 886–887; views of State Department officials,
884–886
- Postwar status, 135, 885–886
- Indochina-Yunnan Railway, taking over of Yunnan section by Chinese
Government, and U. S. expression of interest on behalf of France, 889–892
- Inflation problems in China, 425, 438, 444–446, 455–456, 460, 516
- Institute of Pacific Relations: Conference in Canada, 844; publication of article critical of China,
and Chinese ban on despatches for, 79, 80–84
passim; visit to China of representatives of
organization, 82, 309, 321
- Iran, Chinese efforts to establish supply route via, 105, 491, 590–613
- Japan (See also
Occupied areas of China):
- Attack upon Soviet Union, possibility of, 16, 50, 51
- Cabinet changes, significance of, 50–51
- Economic warfare in China, smuggling and currency operations
between free and occupied China, 45–46, 85–86, 417–418, 433–437, 440–442, 452,
647, 659
- Military operations in China, 39, 56, 57, 59, 65, 67–68, 69, 74–75, 102, 158–159, 168
- “Peace” feelers, 51, 86–87, 89, 167, 252–253, 303, 441
- Postwar status, 877–878
- Tibet, activities in, 634, 639
- Withdrawal of troops from North China, 138–139
- Kansu, disturbances in, 232, 233, 238–240, 241, 269–270, 316–317
- Korea, exchange of views between United States and China regarding future
status of Korea and recognition of Provisional Korean Government, 135, 843, 845, 893
- Kuomintang-Communist relations:
- Blockade of Communist military forces by Nationalist troops, 270, 273–274, 277–279, 281,
283, 291, 292–293, 295–296, 360–361, 370,
377; protests and reactions of
Communists, 277, 278–279, 301–303
- Civil war, likelihood of: Analysis of situation and suggestions of
U. S. officials, 193–199, 200–201, 203–208, 254–255, 258–266, 305,
351–358;
views of Communists, 199; views of
Nationalists, 213
- Clashes between Communist military forces and Nationalist troops,
377, 386–387, 396
- Communist representatives at Chungking (Chou En-lai
and Lin Piao): Comments and observations regarding situation, 192–193, 197, 200,
201–203,
214–216,
230–231;
negotiations with Nationalists, and return to Yenan, 200, 202,
230–231,
257–258,
275–276,
277–278,
283, 288, 290–291, 291–292, 293,
296–297,
356
- Effect of dissolution of Comintern upon: Nationalist attitude,
240–241;
Soviet press attitude regarding Chinese Communists since
dissolution, 255, 282–283
- Lessening of tensions, 296, 302, 305,
322
- National Government’s censorship of press despatch concerning,
290
- National Government’s denials of intent to use force, 314, 361,
363–364
- Propaganda campaigns of Communists and Nationalists, 255, 256,
338–339,
348, 352, 378–379, 396–397
- Soviet concern over situation, 283–284, 306–308, 314–315
- State Department: Denial of report that Chinese Foreign Minister
had been asked about situation, 291,
293, 306; interest in situation, 334,
350–351;
policy regarding discussion of Kuomintang-Communist difficulties,
322
- Kuomintang (See also
Chinese Government):
- Central Executive Committee:
- Conversation between Secretary General and American
Chargé, 334–335
- Meeting of standing committee, May
29, to insert provision in organic law pertaining
to Presidency, 243–244
- Plenary session, Nov. 1942,
adoption of resolution on fiscal policy, 210–211
- Plenary session, Sept. 1943: Address of
Chiang Kai-shek at opening session, 327,
331–332;
adoption of revised articles of organic law pertaining to
Presidency, 333, 336–337; anti-Communist
atmosphere, 333, 340; election of Chiang Kai-shek as President, Sept. 13, 336,
339; instructions of Chiang Kai-shek
to delegates regarding Communist problems, 337–338, 351: manifesto issued Sept. 13, 117, 122, 339–340; program, 321, 327–328; resolution regarding Communist
issue, 351, 359–360; resolution regarding
future establishment of constitutional government, 148, 149,
335–336,
338 resolutions regarding industrial
reconstruction and foreign investments, 864–869, 870–871, 875–876
- Chinese intellectuals’ reaction to censorship and cultural control
of, 252
- Committee for establishment of constitutional government:
Announcement of organic law for, and membership of, 367–370;
inauguration of, 386
- Illustrations of antipathy to Soviet Union and Chinese Communists,
315–316
- Suppression of opposition, example of, 266–268
- Wall slogans for propaganda purposes, 297–299
- Kwangtung, famine conditions in, 300–301, 421–422
- Kweichow, disturbances in, 232, 233, 241
- Labor camps in China, 391–393
- La Guardia, Fiorello, 791–795
- Lattimore, Owen, 307
- Lend-Lease program for China (See
also
Reverse lend-lease discussions
and
Supply routes to China), 491–514
- Air freight service, 500–501, 501–502
- British proposal of joint organization at Chungking to screen
Chinese requirements, 503–504; U. S. views, 506–508, 512, 514
- Radio transmitting equipment, U. S. views regarding Chinese
request for, 498–499, 500
- Reconsideration of program, views and recommendations regarding,
491–492,
500–501,
505–506,
508–511,
513–514
- Silver for coinage purposes, U. S. attitude regarding Chinese
request for, 492–494
- Statements by prominent Americans with respect to aid to China,
494–497,
501
- Liberated areas, administration of, 836–840
- Chinese proposal of understanding on liberated areas in Far East,
838–839
- Lord Mountbatten’s conversations with Chiang Kai-shek, 839–840
- U. S.-British statement on liberated areas, communication of
proposed text to China, 836–838; Chinese comments, 837, 838
- Li Chi-shen, Marshal. See
Chinese Government: Activities
of Marshal Li Chi-shen.
- Lin Piao. See
Kuomintang-Communist relations: Communist representatives at Chungking.
- Lin Sen, illness and death of, 243, 299–300
- Loans and credits to China:
- Chinese request for billion-dollar loan, 179–180, 181–182, 455, 476–490, 570,
578, 588
- Domestic bond issue. See under
U. S. credit of $500,000,000, infra.
- Stabilization agreement with United States (1941), expiration of, 457–476
passim
- Stabilization Board: British interest in status of, 474–475;
Chinese attitude toward, 550–551; deterioration of activities, 171, 468;
investment of funds, 408, 409–410;
liquidation of, 465, 473, 475–476; resignation of Chairman, 467; resignation of U. S. member, 464, 465,
466–467,
473
- U. S. credit of $500,000,000 to China, utilization of
funds of:
- Domestic bond and certificate issue backed by
U. S. dollars: Distribution of, 401–402, 409, 442, 444, 446, 550; status of certificates under U. S. controls,
401–403, 404–405, 409, 410–413, 417, 433; stoppage of
sales, Aug. 3, 442
- Effect upon Chinese economy, 171
- Gold purchases by China from United States, 171, 371–372, 422–424, 425–427, 428–433, 434, 437, 439, 442–444, 447–448, 449–450, 453–454, 456, 460–461, 462–463
- Withdrawals requested by China, 407–408, 410
- Lodge, Senator, speech of Sept. 30, 151
- Manchuria, postwar status of, 16, 219–220, 375–376, 842, 844, 845–846
- Mao Tse-tung, 202, 203–205
- Map designations given by American map makers to outlying Chinese
provinces, Chinese representations and U. S. attitude, 765–768
- Maritime customs. See
Chinese Maritime Customs.
- Military assistance to China by—
- Canada, munitions agreement cancellation, 93, 95–96, 110–111
- Soviet Union, training of airplane repair crews at Chengtu, 102
- United Kingdom, air mission at Chengtu, 10–11, 33, 40–41
- United States (See also
Lend-Lease program; Stilwell; Supply routes to
China):
- Air forces: Construction of air fields in
China and difficulties encountered, 116, 161–162; creation and use of 14th Air
Force under Gen. Chennault, 1,
33, 36, 38, 41–42,
169, 502; use of Chinese Air Corps pilots trained in
United States, 41–42, 44–45, 49–50
- Anti-Chinese feeling among U. S. forces in China, 120–121
- Chinese resentment at lack of aid, 2–3, 4–5, 9, 31–32
- U. S. Army Services of Supply, corrupt practices and
profiteering of Chinese in dealings with, 187, 189–190
- Views and recommendations of U. S. officials, 4–10,
38, 43–44, 45–46
- Military forces in China (U. S.), maintenance of. See
Financial situation in China: Exchange rates: Subsidies; Reverse lend-lease discussions.
- Military service agreement between United States and China,
negotiations and exchange of notes, May 21, 691–700
- Military situation in China: British report on deterioration of, 70–72; reviews of, 5–6, 39–40, 50–51, 67–68, 111–112, 113–115, 125–126, 128–129, 158–160, 169, 370, 376–377; U. S. efforts to overcome
Chinese apathy, 115–119, 121–125, 130–132, 139–145, 152–153, 169–176
- Missionary and relief organizations in China, arrangements for special
exchange rates. See
Financial situation in China: Exchange rates: Subsidies.
- Molotov, V. M. (See also
Conferences: Moscow
Conference), 389
- Monetary stabilization plans, international, 848–849, 850–851, 852
- Monopolies of Chinese Government, 424–425, 438–439, 448–449
- Moscow Conference. See under
Conferences.
- Mountbatten, Vice Adm. Lord Louis: Appointment as Supreme Allied
Commander, Southeast Asia, 108; visit to China,
and conversations with Chiang Kai-shek, 116,
153, 154, 155, 839–840
- Mow, Maj. Gen. P. T., 271–272
- Munitions Assignments Board, action with respect to Chinese request for
transport planes, 664–686
passim
- Nanking puppet regime. See
Occupied areas of China.
- National Government of China. See
Chinese Government.
- Ninghsia, disturbances in, 232
- Occupied areas of China:
- Appeasement policy of Japan in, 42–43, 48, 49, 51, 71
- Declaration of war by Nanking regime on United Kingdom and United
States, 1, 2–3
- Exodus of Chinese students from Pei-ping, 228–230, 238
- Pact of alliance between Japan and Nanking regime (Oct. 30), 157–158
- Puppet troops: Use by Japan, 7, 37, 39, 48–49, 51, 68, 74–75, 78, 108–109, 274; U.
S. interest in, 69
- Smuggling and currency operations with free China, 45–46, 85–86, 300–301, 417–418, 433–437, 440–442, 452, 647,
659
- Understanding between Nationalist leaders and Nanking regime for
joint opposition to Chinese Communists, 270, 370
- Visit of Japanese Prime Minister to Nanking and Shanghai, and
signature of agreement for rendition of concessions, 37, 39, 40, 52–53, 216
- Office of Strategic Services, special mission to Gen. Stilwell via Tibet.
See
Tibet: Special
mission.
- Outer Mongolia, 219, 220, 307, 311, 389
- Pacific War Council, French application for membership in, 882, 884, 887
- “Peace” feelers, Japanese, 51, 86–87, 89, 167, 252–253, 303, 441
- Peffer, Nathaniel, publication of article on China, 182–183
- Peoples Political Council (Third). See under
Chinese Government.
- Peoples Political Science Group, 252–253, 337
- Polish Government-in-exile at London: Chinese attitude toward, 51–52; propaganda
spread in China by Polish Ambassador, 349–350
- Political situation in China. See
Chinese Government
and subject headings.
- Postwar aims of British Empire, 878–880
- Postwar planning by China, 841–881
- Appointment of Gen. Hsiung Shih-hui as head of National Planning
Board, 62–63,
127–128
- Article advocating agriculture as basis for reconstruction, 866
- Chiang Kai-shek’s attitude, 872
- Cooperation with international monetary stabilization plans, 848–849, 850–851, 852
- Five-year plan for industrial reconstruction, 853, 854,
855–856,
857
- Meetings and activities of planning groups and organizations, 851–859
passim, 862–863, 880–881
- Northwest development: Investigation groups, 861, 869–870; strategic implications, 876; ten-year plan, 854
- Resolutions of Central Executive Committee regarding foreign
capital and industrial reconstruction, 864–869, 870–871, 875–876
- Scheme for purchase of used machinery from United States, 863–864
- Special branch of Government for planning, possibility of, 872
- U. S. aid and interest, 210, 841–842, 844, 845–846, 852–853, 864,
873–875,
876
- Views of Chinese officials and private individuals regarding
postwar status of—
- Formosa, 842, 843, 845
- Hong Kong, 311, 845
- Indochina, French, 135, 885–886
- Japan, 877–878
- Korea, 135, 843, 845, 893
- Manchuria, 842, 844, 845–846
- Outer Mongolia, 219, 220, 311
- Ryukyu Islands, 843
- Thailand, 842
- Propaganda campaigns of Communists and Nationalists, 255, 256, 338–339, 348, 352, 378–379, 396–397
- Protection of American lives and property in China, U. S.
representations regarding—
- Bandit attack upon American missionaries, 717–719
- Bandit attack upon U. S. Army convoy in Yunnan, 720–726
- Occupation of American property, 716–717
- Restrictions on travel of Americans, 717
- Puppet troops. See under
Occupied areas of China.
- Quebec Conference. See under
Conferences.
- Radio transmitting equipment: Chinese request for, and U. S. views, 498–499, 500; Tibetan request for, and U. S. views, 624–626, 629
- Reverse lend-lease discussions, 406–484
passim, 515–589
passim
- British interest in, 523–524, 540–541
- Chinese attitude, 406, 478, 483,
525–526,
534, 546, 555, 561–562, 565, 568,
570–571,
581
- Draft exchange of notes proposed by United States: Comments on
provisions, 528–532, 585; presentation to
China, 533, 537–538, 541–543, 547; text, 538–540; willingness of China
to sign, 583, 585–586, 587–588
- Objections and stipulations of Gen. Stilwell, 515, 521,
522–523,
524–525,
530, 553, 566–567
- Supplementary currency arrangements proposed by War Department,
567–568,
572–573,
575–576,
580–581,
589; draft text, 576–577
- Views and recommendations of U. S. officials, 469, 470–471, 515–523, 524–528, 552–554, 555–561, 563–565, 581–582
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (See also
Conferences): Address to White House
correspondents, Feb. 12, 664; annual message to Congress, Jan. 7,
497; joint press conference with Mme. Chiang
Kai-shek, 664; message to Chiang Kai-shek, July 7, on anniversary of Japanese attack, 69; message of condolence to Chiang Kai-shek upon
death of President Lin Sen, 299; message of
congratulations to Chiang Kai-shek upon assumption of duties as President,
119, 124, 130–131, 131–132, 349; statement, Mar. 12,
in support of Chiang Kai-shek’s broadcast message to peoples and armed
forces of Thailand, 23–24, 36–37;
views regarding proposed Chinese military intervention in French Indochina,
886–887
- Russell, Senator, 151
- Ryukyu Islands, postwar status of, 843
- San Min Chu I Youth Corps, activities of, 216–217, 225–228
- Seamen in American ports. See
Chinese seamen.
- Secret societies in China, influence and power of, 221–222
- Shensi: Centralization of power in hands of military commander, 366–367; conditions
in, 270; Soviet military advisers in, 342–343
- Silver for coinage purposes, U. S. views regarding Chinese request for,
492–494
- Sinkiang:
- Adherence of Chairman of Province to National Government, 191, 193,
220, 310, 346
- Allegiance of five Sinkiang-Soviet border consulates to National
Government, 254, 268, 275, 276
- Chinese efforts to establish supply route to China via, 105, 491,
590–613
- Movement of Nationalist troops into, 232, 249, 270
- Review of Sino-Soviet relations by—
- Chinese Special Delegate for Foreign Affairs at Tihwa,
388–390
- U. S. Consul at Tihwa, 394
- Soviet advisers and troops: Presence of, 191, 223, 232; withdrawal of, 249–251, 274, 278,
346, 351, 363
- Soviet economic concessions: Axis report of abolition by National
Government of secret agreements regarding, 213–214, 217; information regarding concessions,
218, 222–223; removal of equipment
by Soviet Union, and sale of installations, 312–313, 320, 351,
363, 379–380
- Treatment of political prisoners and Russian émigrés, 309, 347, 395
- U. S. Consulate at Tihwa, opening of, 213, 218, 220, 729
- Smuggling and currency operations between free and occupied China, 45–46, 85–86, 300–301, 417–418, 433–437, 440–442, 452, 647, 659
- Soderbom, Gustav, 315, 325–326
- Somervell, Gen. Brehon, 154, 162, 567, 570, 572–573
- Soong, T. V., 11–12,
84, 133–137, 215–216, 291, 293, 306, 387–388, 626–627, 845–846
- Southeast Asia theatre, 188–189
- Soviet Union (See also
Chinese Communists; Moscow
Conference
and
Tehran Conference
under
Conferences):
- Aims in the Far East, 317–320
- Relations with China:
- Advisers in Hunan and Shensi, 102, 342–343, 374
- Aid to China, 250, 271
- Arrangements to purchase wool from China, 271–272
- Concern over Kuomintang-Communist relations, 283–284, 306–308, 314–315
- Release of Chinese imprisoned in Siberia, 254, 268, 275, 277
- Supply routes to China via. See
Supply routes: Chinese efforts, etc.
- Relations with Sinkiang. See
Sinkiang.
- Stabilization agreement of 1941. See under
Loans and credits to China.
- Stabilization Board. See under
Loans and credits to China.
- Stalin, I. V. See
Conferences: Tehran
Conference.
- Stettinius, Edward R., Jr., statement regarding aid to China, Jan. 25, 497
- Stilwell, Gen. Joseph W.:
- Concern regarding military situation in China, 115–117, 130–131
- Deportation of deserting Chinese seamen to India for
conscription into Chinese armed forces, attitude regarding, 810–811, 812
- Difficulties in relations with Chinese, 25–29, 135–136
- Intelligence reports furnished by American Embassy to, 73–74
- Objections and stipulations regarding reverse lend-lease, 515, 521,
522–523,
524–525,
530, 553, 556–557
- Plan for increased military effort in China, 188–189
- Proposal for training and equipping 600,000 Chinese troops, 62
- Radio equipment for China, attitude toward, 498–499
- Relations with Gen. Chennault, 131
- Request for detail of Foreign Service officers to mission, 60–61, 68, 91–92, 107–108
- Special mission (OSS) to Gen. Stilwell via Tibet. See under
Tibet.
- Statement regarding aid to China (1942),
494
- Supply route to China via Burma Road, attitude regarding, 492, 593–594
- Strategic materials from China, U. S. arrangements to obtain,
645–660
- Air ferry service: Schedules and priorities, 645–650, 652, 656;
Suifu-Assam route, 643, 659–660
- Internal transport priorities and problems, 648, 649, 650, 653–654
- Production and transport costs, increases in, 651, 652–653, 654,
655, 656–658
- Smuggling of strategic materials by Japan, 647, 659
- Students. See
Chinese students in United States.
- Supply routes to China for delivery of lend-lease materials:
- Burma Road, 31–32, 105, 145, 491–492
- Chinese efforts, with U. S. informal support, to
establish routes via—
- India, Afghanistan, and Soviet Union, U. S. arrangements
for route survey, 614–619; objections of British and
Soviet Governments, 616–617, 618
- Iran, Soviet Union, and Sinkiang, 590—613
- Publicity regarding, 605, 606–607
- Road maintenance, British proposal regarding, 105, 608; U. S. views, 609–612
- Transit negotiations of British and Chinese
Governments with Soviet Union, 590, 591, 596, 597, 600–602, 612–613
- Truck allocations for route, solicitations of
British, Chinese, and Soviet Governments, and U. S.
views regarding, 590–606
passim
- Tibet, progress of negotiations, 620–621, 627, 628, 629–630, 631, 635
- Szechuan, disturbances in, 233, 236–237, 241, 249, 344–345
- Tai Li, relief as head of Chinese secret political and military police,
112–113
- Technical assistance to China (cultural relations program of
State Department), 732–764
- Aid to Chinese Christian colleges, 753–754
- Plans for training Chinese student technicians in United States,
737–740,
743–746,
747–751,
756–758,
764
- U. S. technical and cultural experts in China, 295, 732–733, 736,
740–743,
746–747,
751–753,
754–756,
759–763
- Visits of Chinese technical and cultural experts to United States,
733–737,
758–759,
763–764
- Tehran Conference. See under
Conferences.
- Thailand:
- Chiang Kai-shek’s broadcast, Feb. 26, to
army and peoples of, 13–14, 16;
Roosevelt’s supporting statement, Mar. 12,
23–24,
36–37
- Chinese views regarding, 840, 842
- Tibet, 620–644
- Chinese troop concentrations on Tibetan border, 134, 631–634, 637,
639–643
- Japanese activities in, 634, 639
- Missionary-sponsored education mission to Tibet, proposed, 643–644
- Radio transmitting equipment, Tibetan request for, and U. S.
views, 624–626, 629
- Special mission (OSS) to Gen. Stilwell via Tibet:
- Receipt of permission to proceed to China, and texts of
letters from Regent and Dalai Lama to President Roosevelt,
622–623
- Reports of mission’s pro-Tibetan attitude, 636–637
- Transmittal of Tibetan request for radio transmitting
equipment, 624, 626; State Department views, 624–625, 629
- Status: British attitude, 84, 634–636, 637–638, 640, 643;
Chinese claims regarding suzerainty, 84,
134–135,
621, 625, 626–628, 631, 632, 634,
635, 642; India’s attitude, 628;
Tibetan claims regarding independence, 627, 635; U. S. attitude,
630, 637
- Supply route to China via Tibet, progress of discussions, 620–621, 627, 628,
629–630,
631, 635
- Tin, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- Tolstoy, Capt. Ilia, member of special mission (OSS) to Gen. Stilwell via
Tibet. See
Tibet: Special
mission.
- Treaties, conventions, etc. (See also
under
Chinese Government):
- Tung oil, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- Tungsten, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- United Kingdom (See also
Conferences; Liberated areas,
administration of):
- Air mission at Chengtu, 10–11, 33, 40–41
- Arrangements with India and China for deportation of deserting
Chinese seamen to India for conscription in Chinese armed forces,
810–812
- Concern over deterioration of military situation in China, 70–72
- Exchange of views with United States regarding commercial treaties
with China, 711–715
- Interest in reverse lend-lease discussions, 523–524, 540–541
- Interest in status of Chinese Stabilization Board, 474–475
- Objections to supply route to China via India, Afghanistan, and
Soviet Union, 616–617, 618
- Postwar aims, 878–888
- Proposal for joint screening organization at Chungking for
lend-lease requirements, 503–504; U. S. views, 506–508, 512, 514
- Revision of agreement with China regarding terms and conditions of
employment of Chinese seamen on British ships, 805–808
- Tibetan autonomy, attitude toward, 84, 634–636, 637–638, 640,
643
- United Nations, question of Chinese participation in conferences and
organizations of, 7–8,
17–23, 24–25, 30–31, 40, 53, 90n
, 92, 93, 94–95, 110, 111, 133–134, 135, 845
- U. S. citizens (See also
Protection of American lives and property in
China), evacuation of, 168, 182
- U. S. civilian agencies operating in China, supervision and control of,
163, 166–167, 847
- U. S. Congress: Legislation repealing Chinese exclusion laws, 769–787; Selective
Service Act, applicability to Chinese students in United States, 813–817
- U. S. Senators returning from visit to fighting fronts, statements
regarding Far East, 151–152
- U. S. Treasury Department. See
Loans and credits to China.
- U. S. War Department:
- Wallace, Henry A., statements regarding aid to China (1942), 496–497
- Wang Ching-wei, 37, 40, 49, 51,
68, 71, 167
- Washington Conference between Roosevelt and Churchill, May 12–25, Chinese participation in, 53n
- Willkie, Wendell, 30, 80, 271, 495–496
- Wolframite, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- Wood oil, U. S. arrangements to obtain from China. See
Strategic materials.
- Yunnan: National Government’s increasing control in, 215, 224, 343; possibility of Japanese attack upon, 215
- Yunnan-Indochina Railway, taking over of Yunnan section by Chinese
Government, and U. S. expression of interest on behalf of France, 889–892