Foreign Relations of the United States Diplomatic Papers,
1939, General, Volume I
Index
- Aaland Islands, fortification of, 952–953, 955, 956, 958, 961, 970, 971, 974, 980, 986, 987, 990, 1013, 1027
- Aerial bombardment of civilian populations:
- Anglo-French declaration (Sept. 3), 547–548
- German bombardment of Polish open towns and civilian populations,
547–557
- German justification, 553
- German offer and Polish agreement to limit air attacks,
546–547
- Messages exchanged by President Moscicki and President
Roosevelt, 554, 555–556
- Polish appeal to President Roosevelt, 550–551
- Polish protest to Germany, 553–554, 557
- Reports regarding attacks, 547, 548, 549, 550, 552, 554–555, 556–557
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (President): Appeal to belligerents (Sept. 1) and their replies, 541–546;
appeal to Finland and Soviet Union (Nov. 30)
and their replies, 1008, 1014, 1016,
1019
- U. S. inspection arrangements, 549–550, 551
- Aggression, definition of, 267, 268, 269, 285, 288–289, 291, 292–293
- Agreements. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Albania: Italian invasion of, 49,
114, 115, 120, 129; Italian
notes to United Kingdom, 129; possible support
by Yugoslavia, 119
- Anglo-French Purchasing Board in United States, arrangements for
establishment of, 562–572
- Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations for mutual defense
alliance:
- Anglo-French military missions at Moscow, arrival and withdrawal,
217, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295,
307, 309–312, 340, 344,
355
- Anglo-French proposals and counterproposals, 160, 180, 183–184, 232–233, 237, 239,
240–243,
244–246,
247–251,
251–252,
252–253,
256–257,
259–260,
261–265,
273–277,
277–278,
282, 283–284, 285–287, 288–289, 292
- Polish attitude, 207, 225, 300–301
-
Pravda article charging British and French
insincerity (June 26), 278–279
- Soviet counterproposals, 225–226, 235–236, 238,
239–240,
253–255,
257–259,
261, 265–270, 275, 279,
281, 289, 290
- Soviet-German non-aggression treaty (Aug.
23), effect upon negotiations, 299–312, 339–341, 343–344, 354–355
- Speculation regarding Molotov’s replacement of Litvinov as
People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs, 247, 248, 250, 251,
252
- U. S. interest in negotiations: President Roosevelt’s message to
Molotov, 293–294, 296–299; visit to Moscow suggested by Joseph
E. Davies, 234–235, 236
- Anti-Comintern Pact, 4, 6, 300, 332, 367 Armaments, U. S. attitude
toward participating in conference to limit, 33
- Armed merchant vessels, treatment in U. S. ports, 694, 695–696, 699, 701–703
- Asphyxiating or poisonous or other gases, etc., Geneva protocol
prohibiting use of in warfare (1925), 548
- Australia: Correspondence between Prime Minister and President Roosevelt
regarding neutrality legislation, 671, 672; London Naval Treaty (1936), suspension in respect of Australia, 559
- Balkan bloc, plans for, 456–457, 471–472, 476–477
- Balkan Entente (1934), cited, 90, 484
- Balkans. See individual countries.
- Baltic States. See individual countries.
- Belgium (see also
Control of commerce by belligerents; Peace appeals; and
Peace movements): Neutrality policy, maintenance
of, 98; refusal of French pleas for permission
for troops to cross territory to attack Germany, 444–445; U. S. neutrality
legislation, reaction to, 664–665
- Bessarabia, possible seizure by Soviet Union, 476, 485, 486, 490, 959
- Blacklist measures of United Kingdom: Inquiry of Brazil and U. S. reply,
753, 758; U. S.
representations regarding operations in Uruguay, 775–778
- Blockade. See
Control of commerce by belligerents: British measures
and
French measures.
- Bolivia, tin production, 913, 914, 918, 921, 926, 930, 942
- Bombardment. See
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations.
- Brazil, request for U. S. support for candidate on Inter-American
Neutrality Committee, 678–679
- Bulgaria: British effort to bring Bulgaria into neutral alliance
agreement, 125; possible Bulgarian attempt to
acquire Dobrudja, 444, 447, 485, 486; Prime Minister’s views and policy, 100, 443–444
- Canada: London Naval Treaty (1939), Canadian
notification of suspension, 558; strategic raw
materials, representations regarding statement of U. S. Army and Navy
Munitions Board on, 856–857; U. S. Neutrality Act (Nov. 4),
protest against sec. 2, 679, 680
- Chamberlain, Neville (British Prime Minister):
- Conversations with Italian Chief of State (Jan.
11–17), 2, 16, 17
- Correspondence with President Roosevelt regarding neutrality
legislation, 671, 674–675, 680–681
- Flight to France (Sept. 12), 424–425
- Messages to German Chancellor and Italian Chief of State (Aug. 22), 226–227, 230–231, 354, 355,
359; German Chancellor’s reply, 357, 358,
359
- Personal letter to German Chancellor (Aug.
30), 386
- Position and strength, 18–19
- Speech (Jan. 28) at Birmingham, 5, 6–7
- Speech (Mar. 17) condemning German invasion
of Czechoslovakia, 98, 104
- Speech (Oct. 6) in reply to Reichstag
speech of German Chancellor, 513–514
- Views and speculation, 14–17, 271–272, 287–288, 392,
439–441
- China. See
Far East.
- Ciano, Count Galeazzo (Italian Foreign Minister): Reassuring
statements regarding European situation, 200,
201; visit to Salzburg (Aug. 10–11), 208, 213, 214, 216, 218, 221–222, 223–224, 229–230, 305–306, 447; visit to Warsaw, 26, 30–31
- Combat areas. See under
U. S. neutrality policy.
- Contraband. See under
Control of commerce by belligerents: British measures, French
measures, and
German measures.
- Control of commerce by belligerents, 717–847
- British measures:
- Blacklist: Inquiry of Brazil and U. S. reply, 753, 758; U. S. representations regarding operation in
Uruguay, 775–778
- Blockade of German exports by Order-in-Council (Nov. 28):
- Protests by Belgium, 780; Netherlands, 778–779, 789, 792; Norway, 781; Sweden, 780, 784
- Testing before Permanent Court of International
Justice, Netherlands views, 788
- Text, 783–784
- U. S. attitude and reservation of rights, 784–787
- U. S. inquiry regarding policy and practice, 791–792, 792–793
- Contraband (see also
Control stations, infra):
- Export agreement negotiations with Belgium and
Netherlands, 722–725, 727, 732–733, 736, 749, 750–751, 762–763, 765–766, 787–788
- Order-in-Council listing articles (Sept. 4): Protests of Belgium
and Netherlands, 759;
text, 719–720; U. S. attitude, 726–727
- Control stations: Announcement of, 725–726; British reservation of right to take U. S.
ships into combat areas, 770–771, 773–775; U. S. reservation of rights, 751–752, 789–790
- Convoy of neutral ships: German warnings of attack, 753, 764, 765, 768; U. S. reply, 767–768
- Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes:
Netherlands protest, 750; U. S.
representations, 793–794, 794–797, 798–817, 818–820
- Navicert system for U. S. exports to neutrals, discussions
regarding, 718–719, 728–731, 761, 772
- Spanish approach to United States for support in protest
against, 676, 754–755
- French measures:
- Blockade of German exports by decree (Nov. 27): Announcement of, 781–782; Belgian
protest, 780; Swedish protest,
784; text, 782; U. S. attitude and
reservation of rights, 788–789
- Contraband: Export agreement with Belgium, 787–788; list (Sept. 4) and
regulations, 741–743, 769–770
- Detention of neutral ships and cargoes, U. S.
representations, 794, 795, 798, 799n
, 817–818
- German measures:
- Contraband:
- Act and proclamation (Sept.
12): German explanation, 740–741; texts, 739–740
- Danish representations, 753
- U. S. tobacco, status of, 763–764, 791
- Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes, U. S.
representations, 765, 821–847
- Precautionary measures for neutral ships: Announcement of,
752–753, 764; U. S.
maintenance of rights, 758–759, 767
- Prize law code (Aug. 28), text,
721–722
- Warnings to neutral ships against acceptance of convoy by
belligerents, 753, 764, 765, 768; U. S.
reservation of rights, 767–768
- Warnings to northern neutrals against yielding to British
pressure, 734, 736, 744, 755–756, 766
- Oslo states: List of, 723n
; meeting at Brussels of permanent committee (Sept. 11), 732;
meeting at Copenhagen (Sept. 18–19), 743, 745;
mention of, 727, 728, 729, 734
- Pan-American Conference contraband resolution, 762, 765
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (President):
- Correspondence with King of Belgium, 746–747, 768–769;
suggested “sea lane” to Antwerp and Amsterdam, 717–718, 737–738, 745, 760
- Stocks of gold, diamonds, and wolfram in Belgium, Netherlands, and
Sweden, French suggestions regarding export, 756–758; U. S. attitude, 759–760
- Control stations. See under
Control of commerce by belligerents: British measures.
- Conventions. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Convoy of neutral ships by belligerents, German warnings, 753, 764, 765, 768; U. S.
reply, 767–768
- Cotton–rubber exchange agreement between United Kingdom and United States
(June 23), implementation of, 864, 868–869, 870, 873, 880–881, 884–896
- Czechoslovakia, occupation by Germany, 34–71
- Conversation between Czechoslovak Foreign Minister and German
Chancellor (Jan. 21), 34–35
- Crisis in Slovakia (Mar. 10). See under
Slovakia.
- Czechoslovak President’s visit to Berlin (Mar.
14–15), 60–61
- French reaction, 39, 48–49
- German invasion (Mar. 15), 40–42, 43
- German notes quoting Mar. 16 decree of
protectorate for Bohemia and Moravia, 45–47, 51–52; U. S. reply refusing to
recognize legal basis for status, 56
- Italy’s attitude toward events, 47–48
- League of Nations, Secretariat’s views regarding situation, 53–54
- Political refugees and Jews, U. S. and British representations to
Germany regarding departure of, 50–51, 54–55, 58–59
- Ruthenia. See
Ruthenia.
- Slovakia. See
Slovakia.
- Status of Czechoslovak Legation property and staff in United
States, 42–43,
44–45,
47, 56–58, 62–63
- United Kingdom, speech of Prime Minister (Mar.
17), 98, 104
- United States: Closing of Legation in Czechoslovakia, 47, 51, 55–56; position
regarding developments in Czechoslovakia, 49–50, 56, 59–60, 62; protection of citizens
and property, 40; reports on tightening
of German control, 51, 52, 63–68; trade agreement with Czechoslovakia,
proclamation, Mar. 23, suspending operation
of, 59
- Danzig, Free City of (see also
Polish crisis):
- British assurances and measures in support of Poland, 196–197, 212, 243
- British pressure upon Poland for consultation prior to action,
219, 223
- Customs frontier between Danzig and East Prussia: Danzig
authorities’ threat to open frontier, 203; notes exchanged by Germany and Poland, 209–210, 212, 218;
Polish ultimatum to Danzig Senate (Aug. 4),
203n
, 284
- French assurances of support of Poland, 203–204, 212
- German proposals and pressure upon Poland, 8–11, 100–101, 171, 172–174, 176–177, 179,
191–192,
200
- German “tourists,” 194, 195
- League of Nations High Commissioner, reports of visit to
Berchtesgaden, 198, 212, 215,
218, 219, 224
- Nazi Gauleiter’s proclamation of anschluss
to Reich (Sept. 1), 401
- Nazi leaders in Danzig, imperialist attitude and activities, 197–198, 202, 375
- Poland’s reasons for not approaching Germany, 208
- Poland’s refusal to accept general conference on question, 203
- United States: President Roosevelt’s message to Poland cautioning
against committing first act of aggression, 211, 213–214; status of representative at Danzig
after anschluss, 402–403
- Views and speculation regarding German designs, 194–195, 202–204, 205–207, 211–212, 214, 215–216, 218–219, 220,
224–225,
377
- Davis, W. R. (American oil promoter), peace efforts, 512, 520–521
- Denmark (see also
Control of commerce by belligerents
and
Finland, relations with Soviet Union), German-Danish non-aggression pact (May 31), 734
- Detention of neutral ships and cargoes. See under
Control of commerce by belligerents: British measures, French
measures, and
German measures.
- Dobrudja, possible Bulgarian attempt to acquire, 444, 447, 485, 486
- Enemy aliens. See
Repatriation of civilian enemy aliens.
- Estonia: Mutual assistance pact with Soviet Union (Sept. 28), 458, 958, 969;
non-aggression pact with Germany (June 7), 328; notes exchanged with Soviet Union (Mar. 28, Apr. 7), 267,
269; reports on Soviet designs, 435, 438, 456, 456–459
- Far East (see also
Japan): British financial aid to China, 22; French military mission to China, 271; Tientsin situation, 200, 280, 283
- Finland, relations with the Soviet Union, 952–1041
- Aaland Islands, fortification of, 952–953, 955, 956,
958, 961, 970, 971, 974, 980, 986,
987, 990, 1013, 1027
- Conference of northern neutrals at Stockholm (Oct. 18–19), 973, 976, 983
- Demands of the Soviet Union upon Finland and negotiations at
Moscow, 952–953, 954–955, 957,
958, 960–964, 968, 970–974, 976–981, 983–984, 986–992, 993–995, 995–997, 998–999, 1014–1015, 1026–1027
- German-Soviet cooperation, 536, 957, 958–959, 963,
974, 977–978, 983, 994–995, 998,
1036
- Intervention at Moscow by neutrals: Démarche by Scandinavian countries, 993, 995; efforts to secure
U. S. démarche, 953–954, 965–966, 977, 981–983, 984,
985; Finland’s expressions of
gratitude, 973, 974–975, 976; messages exchanged by President
Roosevelt and President Kalinin, 967,
968–970,
975–976
- Offer of good offices by United States, 1003–1004, 1007
-
Pravda attack upon Prime Minister of Finland,
999
- Protest of Soviet Union against alleged shelling of Soviet troops
by Finnish military units: Notes of the Soviet Union, 999–1000,
1001–1002; replies of Finland, 1000–1001, 1004–1006,
1007–1008
- Reports of Soviet military preparations, 1003, 1004
- Severance of diplomatic relations by Soviet Union and arrangements
for departure of Finnish Legation staff at Moscow, 1006, 1008,
1011, 1024–1025
- Soviet-Finnish winter war, outbreak of:
- Aerial and artillery bombardment of Finland, and Soviet
announcement of opening of hostilities, 1006–1007, 1009
- Anglo-French approach to Norway and Sweden for aid to
Finland, 535, 540–541
- Appeal of President Roosevelt to Finland and Soviet Union
to refrain from air bombardment of civilian populations,
1008; Finland’s reply, 1019; Soviet Foreign Minister’s
reply, 1014, 1016
- Finnish Government: Efforts to inform Soviet Union of
resignation of Cabinet, 1008–1009, 1010; formation of new Cabinet,
1011, 1013; Soviet refusal to
recognize new Cabinet or to resume negotiations with it,
1014, 1020, 1021, 1023;
suggestions regarding approach to Soviet Union to end
hostilities, 1035–1036; U. S. views, 1038–1040
- Kuuinen government set up at Terijoki by communists,
recognition by Soviet Union and signature of pact of mutual
assistance (Dec. 2), 1013, 1014–1015, 1015–1016, 1017, 1018–1019, 1020–1021, 1023, 1026, 1033, 1039
- League of Nations, Finnish appeal and League actions, 534–535, 1020, 1028–1029, 1031, 1033, 1037, 1040–1041
- Military situation, 1009,
1011, 1013, 1032–1034, 1035, 1037–1038
- Moral embargo, U. S., 1020n
, 1035
- Representation of Finnish interests in Moscow, problem of,
1012, 1017–1018, 1020–1021, 1023, 1024–1026
- U. S. aid to Finland, 954, 955–956, 957–958, 959, 1019,
1021–1022, 1024, 1026, 1027–1028, 1029–1031,
1035, 1038
- France (see also
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations; Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations; Control of commerce by belligerents; Danzig; Peace appeals;
Peace movements; Polish
crisis; Repatriation of civilian enemy
aliens; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Anglo-French approach to Norway and Sweden for aid to Finland,
535, 540–541
- Anglo-French arrangement in event of attack upon Netherlands or
Switzerland, 20–21
- Anglo-French guarantee of mutual assistance to Greece and Rumania,
116–117,
127, 129, 242
- Anglo-French Purchasing Board in United States, 562–572
- China, French military mission to, 271
- Czechoslovakia, French reaction to German invasion of, 39, 48–49
- Franco-Soviet treaty of mutual assistance (1935), 257, 300, 309
- Italy, relations with, 2, 3, 13, 16–17, 21, 22, 30, 32–33, 192, 195, 197,
202, 538–540
- London Naval Treaty (1936), French
notification of suspension, 560
- Polish alliance with France, 122, 124, 128,
189–191,
203–204,
212
- Recruitment of French citizens in United States, 698–699, 699–701
- Rumania, relations with. See
Rumania.
- Spain, relations with, 365, 377–378
- Turkey, relations with. See
Turkey:
- Anglo-French negotiations for mutual assistance
agreement.
- U. S. neutrality legislation, reaction to, 126–127, 281–282, 283
- Views and speculation, 7–8, 120, 180–181, 213, 238–239, 270–271, 280,
291, 353, 445–446, 449, 459–460, 474–476, 477
- War preparations, 350, 353, 365,
366, 376
- Germany (see also
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations; Control of commerce by belligerents; Danzig; Peace appeals;
Peace movements; Polish
crisis; Repatriation of civilian enemy
aliens; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Anti-Comintern Pact, 4, 6, 300, 332, 367
- Chancellor. See
Hitler, Adolf.
- Commercial and trade discussions with United Kingdom, 15, 20, 21, 25, 77, 78, 110–112, 172; U. S. interest in, 28–29, 74, 76
- Customs union plan for east and southeast, 11–12
- Czechoslovakia, occupation of. See
Czechoslovakia.
- Estonia, non-aggression pact with, 358
- Hungarian Foreign Minister’s visit to Germany, 218, 220
- Invitation to northern countries to conclude non-aggression
agreements, 166
- Italian Foreign Minister’s visit to Salzburg (Aug. 10–11), 208, 213, 214,
216, 218, 221–222, 223–224, 229–230, 305–306, 447
- Italian-German alliance (May 22), 188, 195,
208, 306, 328, 420
- Latvia, non-aggression pact with, 328
- Lithuania, cession of Memel to Germany. See under
Lithuania.
- Naval treaty with United Kingdom (1935),
German denunciation of, 158, 246, 276
- Poland, relations with. See under
Poland.
- Repatriation of civilian enemy aliens, German attitude toward,
638–641,
642–644,
653, 655
- Rumania, German trade negotiations and economic demands upon. See under
Rumania.
- Schacht. See
Schacht, Hjalmar.
- Soviet Union, relations with:
- Boundary and friendship treaty (Sept. 28): Negotiations, 408, 443, 456, 457, 458–459, 477–478, 479–481; Poland’s refusal to
recognize agreement, 462;
provisions of treaty, protocols, declaration, and exchange
of notes (Sept. 28), 481–482; provisions of supplementary protocol (Oct. 4), 483; ratification, 490, 492, 497; reaction of France, 462–463; reaction of United Kingdom, 461–462; signature of agreement (Nov. 16) implementing protocol of Sept. 28, 495; U. S. Ambassador in Soviet Union, comments
on treaty, 492–493
- Commercial credit agreement (Aug.
19), conclusion of, 312–318, 322–324, 325–326, 327, 328, 329, 330–331, 333–334, 335–336
- Cooperation with respect to Finland, 536, 957, 958–959, 963, 974, 977–978, 983, 994–995, 998, 1036
- Neutrality and non-aggression treaty (1926), cited, 325,
328
- Non-aggression treaty and secret protocol
(Aug. 23):
- Negotiations, 318–322, 324–325, 326, 327–329, 329–330, 332–333, 334–335, 337–339
- Provisions of treaty, 342–343, 345–346, 347–348
- Ratification by Supreme Soviet and speech by
Molotov (Aug. 31), 346–347, 349–350
- Ratifications exchanged at Berlin (Sept. 24), 479
- Reactions of Japan, 308, 333, 355–356, 357, 366–367; Poland, 331–332, 344–345; Spain, 308, 374;
Yugoslavia, 404
- Soviet negotiations with British and French,
effect upon, 299–312, 338, 339–341, 343–344, 354–355
- Soviet influence in Baltic and Nordic States, rumors of
extension of, 487–488
- Stockholm meeting, reports of, 107
- Trade negotiations, 478–479, 483–484, 488–489, 490–492, 493, 494, 495–496, 497–498
- Treaties. See under
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- U. S. Ambassador, French opinion regarding return to Berlin, 25–26
- U. S. neutrality legislation, German reaction to, 207, 665–667, 669–670
- U. S. representations on behalf of U. S. citizens in
German-occupied Poland, 628–630
- Views and speculation, 24–25, 108–110, 115–116, 185–186, 394–395
- Yugoslav Foreign Minister’s visit to Berlin, 164–165
- Good offices, offers of. See
Finland, relations with Soviet Union; Peace appeals; and
Peace movements.
- Great Britain. See
United Kingdom.
- Greece: Anglo-French guarantee of mutual assistance, 125, 127, 129; possible Italian attack upon Corfu and
Greece, 120, 125
- Hague conventions (1907), 384, 659, 721, 734
- Hitler, Adolf (German Chancellor):
- Analysis of his dominance of German policy made by U. S. Chargé,
23–24
- Attempted assassination at Munich (Nov. 8),
472
- Conversations with—
- British Ambassador (Aug. 23–29),
358–359, 369–370, 371, 372–373, 376, 377, 383
- Czechoslovak Foreign Minister, (Jan.
1), 34–35
- Czechoslovak President (Mar. 14),
60–61
- French Ambassador (Aug. 25), 371–372
- Polish Foreign Minister, 1, 3, 8,
10–11
- Meeting with members of party, army, etc. (Mar.
8), 672–673
- Speech (Jan. 30), 4, 5
- Speech (Apr. 28), 138–139, 142–143, 158–160, 162
- Speech (Oct. 6). See
Reichstag speech
under
Peace movements.
- Hungary: Foreign Minister’s visits to Germany and Italy, 218, 220, 230; Polish efforts to secure reconciliation
between Hungary and Rumania, 29–30, 84–85, 97–98, 118–119; Ruthenia, occupation of, 29–30, 38, 40, 47, 51, 91, 213; U. S.
neutrality policy, reaction to, 670; views and
policy of Regent and other officials, 85–86, 407, 468–470, 472–473
- India, suspension of London Naval Treaty (1936)
with respect to, 559
- Interests of belligerent powers, protection by the United States, 573
- Iran, relations with Soviet Union and United Kingdom, 489
- Iraq, position as British ally, 379
- Ireland, protest to United States against inclusion in combat area, 704–705, 712–713
- Italy (see also
Albania; Peace appeals;
Peace movements; Polish
crisis; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Chief of State. See
Mussolini, Benito.
- Czechoslovakia, Italian attitude regarding German occupation of,
47–48
- Foreign Minister. See
Ciano, Count Galeazzo.
- France, relations with, 2, 3, 13, 16–17, 21, 22, 30, 32–33, 192, 195, 197,
202, 538–540
- German-Italian treaty of alliance (May 22),
188, 195, 208, 306, 328, 420
- German troops in Italy, 141–142
- Greece and Corfu, possible Italian attack upon, 120, 125
- Hungarian Foreign Minister’s visit to Italy, 230
- London Naval Treaty (1936), Italian
notification of suspension, 561
- Spain: Possible withdrawal of Italian legionnaires, 2, 126, 127, 139;
visit to Spain of Italian Foreign Minister, 192
- United Kingdom, relations with. See under
United Kingdom.
- U. S. neutrality legislation, Italian reaction to, 663–664
- War preparations, 351
- Japan (see also
Far East): Reaction to signature of German-Soviet
treaty of non-aggression, 308, 333, 355–356, 357, 366–367; signature of
truce with Soviet Union to terminate fighting on Mongolian-Manchurian
frontier (Sept. 15), 481n
; support of position expressed in German Chancellor’s speech (Apr. 28), 163–164; U. S. termination of commercial treaty with
Japan, 207
- Latvia: Mutual assistance pact with Soviet Union (Oct. 5), 963, 969; non-aggression pact with Germany (June 7), 328; report on
Soviet designs, 435
- League of Nations: Finland’s appeal to the League and League action, 534–535, 1020, 1028–1029, 1031, 1033, 1037, 1040–1041; High
Commissioner at Danzig, visit to Berchtesgaden, 198, 212, 215, 218, 219, 224; Secretariat’s views
regarding German occupation of Czechoslovakia, 53–54; Secretary General’s views on
international situation, 31; U. S. reply to
League regarding collaboration in technical activities of League, 31–32
- Lithuania:
- Memel, cession to Germany: German proposal, 10, 23; German troop
concentrations, 84; German ultimatum and
Lithuania’s acceptance, 87–88, 89–90; Lithuanian appeal to powers signatory
to Memel convention (1924), 87; Lithuanian constitutional procedure,
103; Polish reaction, 96; signature of agreement (Mar. 22) and German occupation of Memel, 95–96; Soviet
views and speculation, 89; U. S. attitude
toward cessions of territory, 103–104
- Mutual assistance pact with Soviet Union (Oct.
10), 969
- Reaction to Soviet invasion of Poland, 434–435
- Vilna, return to Lithuania, 435, 969
- London Naval Treaty (1936), suspension of, 558–561
- Memel. See under
Lithuania.
- Montreux convention (1936), 484, 485
- Mooney, James (President of General Motors Overseas Corp.), peace efforts,
519–520
- Moral embargo, 1020n
, 1035
- Munich agreements (1938), 3, 39, 93
- Mussolini, Benito (Italian Chief of State): Conversations
with British Prime Minister (Jan. 11–17), 2, 16, 17; speech (Apr. 20), 150, 167; views
regarding United States and the democracies, 168
- Navicert system for U. S. exports to neutrals, Anglo-American discussions,
718–719, 728–731, 761, 772
- Netherlands (see also
Control of commerce by belligerents):
- Offers of good offices in cooperation with Belgium. See
Peace appeals
and
Peace movements.
- U. S. negotiations through British and Netherlands Governments for
adequate releases from—
- U. S. neutrality legislation, reaction to, 662–663
- Views and speculation, 93–96, 473–474
- Neutral commerce. See
Control of commerce by belligerents.
- Neutrality. See
U. S. neutrality policy.
- New Zealand, suspension of London Naval Treaty (1936), with respect to New Zealand, 559
- Norway. See
Control of commerce by belligerents
and
Finland, relations with Soviet Union.
- Oslo states. See
Peace appeals: Belgian King’s
radio address; and under
Control of commerce by belligerents.
- Pan-American Conference contraband resolution, 762, 765
- Passage of belligerent troops through U. S. territory, 694–695
- Peace appeals, prior to outbreak of war:
- Belgian King’s radio address on behalf of Oslo
states (Aug. 23), 353, 358; President
Roosevelt’s reply, 362–363; Spain’s inability to make public
statement, 374
- Belgium and Netherlands, offer of good offices (Aug. 28), 390
- Italian proposals regarding conference: British attitude, 222, 410–411; French attitude, 216, 383–384, 396,
398, 403, 406–407, 409
- Pope Pius XII: Appeal for four-power conference and its withdrawal
in view of replies, 179–180, 181–183, 184,
186–187;
appeal for peace (Aug. 31), 398
- President Roosevelt’s messages to German Chancellor and Italian
Chief of State (Apr. 14), 130–134
- German Chancellor’s reply in Reichstag speech (Apr. 28), 138–139, 142–143, 158–160, 162
- Japan’s support of German position, 163–164
- Italian Chief of State’s reply in speech (Apr. 20), 150, 167
- Reactions of other countries to appeal and German
inquiries, 134–138, 139–141, 143–157, 160–161, 163, 164–167, 184
- President Roosevelt’s messages to German Chancellor, Italian King,
and Polish President (Aug. 23–25), 227, 351–352, 356,
360–362,
363, 364, 368–369, 376
- French initiative and attitude, 350, 365
- German reply, 396
- Italian King’s reply, 382
- Polish President’s reply, 368,
374
- Peace movements, after outbreak of war, 499–541
- Belgian King’s appeal to President Roosevelt (Oct. 7), 507–508; U. S. reply,
517–518
- Belgian King and Netherlands Queen, offer of good offices
to heads of British, French, and German Governments (Nov. 7), 523–528, 530–531, 532–533; reactions and replies of
France, 524–525; Germany, 528, 532–533; United
Kingdom, 526–527, 530–531
- German press officials’ statements regarding U. S.
mediation, 509, 514–515
- Italian proposal (Sept. 2) and
peace campaign, 416, 502, 533–534, 535, 538–539
- President Roosevelt’s letter to Pope Pius XII (Dec. 23), 538
- President Roosevelt’s refusal to initiate peace move, 423–424
- Reichstag speech of German Chancellor (Oct. 6), 502, 503
- Reaction in Finland, 508–509;
France, 504–505, 506, 511;
Germany, 506–507, 511; Poland, 504; United Kingdom, 505–506, 513–514
- Support of Soviet Union, 509–510
- Rumanian inquiries regarding possible peace initiative by
President Roosevelt, 499, 500–501; U. S. reply, 500, 503
- Unofficial agents, efforts and proposals, 512, 515–516, 518,
519–523,
529, 535–537
- Permanent Court of International Justice, 788
- Poland (see also
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations; Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations; Danzig; Germany: Soviet Union, relations with; Polish crisis; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Franco-Polish alliance, 122, 124, 128,
189–191,
203–204,
212
- Germany, relations with (see also
Danzig
and
Polish crisis):
- Conversation between Polish Foreign Minister and visiting
German official, 12
- Conversations between Polish Foreign Minister and German
Chancellor at Berchtesgaden, 1,
3, 8, 10–11
- German denunciation of non-aggression pact (1934), 158, 159, 328
- German invasion of Poland. See
under
World War II, outbreak in
Europe.
- Italian attitude, 188, 192, 208
- Poland’s mobilization and other war preparations, 101, 102, 107
- Poland’s reaction to signature of German-Soviet
non-aggression treaty (Aug. 23), 331–332, 344–345
- Trade negotiations, 315, 317
- Hungary, relations with, 29–30, 84–85, 97–98, 118–119
- Invasion by Germany and by Soviet Union. See
under
World War II, outbreak in Europe.
- Italian Foreign Minister’s visit to Warsaw, 26, 30–31
- Memel, reaction of Poland toward cession to Germany by Lithuania,
96
- President Roosevelt’s peace appeal to President Moscicki, 361–362;
President Moscicki’s reply, 368, 374
- Recruitment of Poles in United States, 697–698
- Rumania, relations with: Discussions regarding military alliance,
91, 96,
116–117,
118–119,
121, 125, 174–175, 236–237; mutual assistance treaty (1931), Soviet insistence on denunciation,
235, 241; Polish efforts to secure reconciliation between Hungary
and Rumania, 29–30, 84–85, 97–98, 118–119; visit to Poland of Rumanian Foreign Minister, 26, 29, 236
- Soviet Union, relations with:
- Commercial agreement (Feb. 19),
8, 101, 196, 314, 345
- French formula for enlisting Soviet support, 106–107
- Polish attitude regarding passage of Soviet troops through
territory, 295, 340, 357
- Soviet assurances of economic support, 196, 344, 348
- Soviet invasion of Poland. See
under
World War II, outbreak in
Europe.
- Spain, recognition of Franco government by Poland, 14
- United Kingdom, relations with (see also
Danzig; Polish
crisis; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Conversations at London between British and Polish Foreign
Ministers (Apr. 4–6), 26, 30,
98, 101, 100, 112–114, 115, 116–120, 121
- Mutual assistance agreement: British declaration (Mar. 31) and Anglo-Polish communiqué
(Apr. 6), 105–106, 110, 233, 341n
; signature of permanent agreement (Aug. 25), 233n
, 341n
- U. S. aid, question of, 122
- Views and speculation, 8–9, 14, 26–28, 121–122, 378
- Polish crisis, final efforts to preserve peace:
- British and French warnings to Germany and Italy regarding their
support of Poland, 227, 229
- British Prime Minister’s messages to German Chancellor and Italian
Chief of State (Aug. 22) warning of support
of Poland, 226–227, 230–231, 354,
355, 359; German Chancellor’s reply, 357, 358, 359
- Conversations between British Ambassador and German Chancellor
(Aug. 23–29), 358–359, 369–370, 371, 372–373, 376,
377, 383, 384–385
- Conversation between French Ambassador and German Chancellor (Aug. 25), 371–372
- German accusations regarding Polish atrocities, 359, 369,
372, 375
- German demands and British and French counterproposals, 370, 372–373, 375–376, 376–377, 379,
380–381,
381–382,
384, 386–387, 388–389, 390–394, 399, 407
- Peace appeals. See
Peace appeals, prior to outbreak of
war.
- Poland’s cooperation in British mediation effort: British
representations regarding direct negotiations with Germany, 390–392, 394, 397–398; Poland’s agreement in principle,
396; Polish Ambassador’s attempt to
open direct negotiations at Berlin (Aug. 31),
398–399,
400–401
- President Roosevelt’s attitude regarding further mediation, 386
- Ultimatum to Poland: German demand that Polish plenipotentiary
arrive in Berlin on Aug. 30, 382, 383,
389, 393; speculation as to probable date of ultimatum and attack
on Poland, 308, 353, 357, 359
- War, outbreak of. See
World War II.
- Pope Pius XII: Appeal for four-power peace conference and its withdrawal
in view of replies, 179–180, 181–183, 184, 186–187; appeal for peace (Aug. 31), 398; letter
from President Roosevelt (Dec. 23), 538
- Prisoners of war convention (1929), 692
- Protection and repatriation of U. S. citizens and others,
574–637
- Emergency plans, 574–624, 625–626, 630–631, 632,
634–635,
693
-
Iroquois case, 625, 626–628
- Representations on behalf of U. S. citizens in German-occupied
Poland, 628–630; in Soviet-occupied Poland, 631–632, 632–634, 635–637
- Protection of interests of belligerent powers by United States, 573
- Purchasing Board in United States, Anglo-French, 562–572
- Recruitment in the United States. See under
U. S. neutrality policy.
- Refugees, U. S. and British representations to Germany regarding departure
from Czechoslovakia of political refugees and Jews, 50–51, 54–55, 58–59
- Relief for U. S. citizens in belligerent countries. See
Protection and repatriation of U. S.
citizens.
- Repatriation of civilian enemy aliens, U. S. good offices
and proposals, 637–655
- Repatriation of U. S. citizens. See
Protection and repatriation of U. S.
citizens.
- Representation of foreign interests of countries at war, 581–582
- Roosevelt, Franklin D., President (see also under
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations; Control of commerce by belligerents; Peace appeals; and
Peace movements):
- Appeal to U. S. exporters to refrain from exportation of raw
materials, 881, 883–884
- Congress: Annual message to (Jan. 4), 12; message on neutrality legislation,
674; speech before Senate Military
Affairs Committee (Jan. 1), 14
- Correspondence with Australian and British Prime Ministers
regarding neutrality legislation, 671,
672, 674–675, 680–681
- Correspondence with President Kalinin of Soviet Union regarding
Finland, 967, 968–970, 975–976
- Mediation in Polish crisis, attitude toward, 386
- Message to Poland cautioning against committing first act of
aggression, 211, 213–214
- Message to Soviet Foreign Minister, 293–294, 296–299
- Policy on legislation for purchase of stockpiles of strategic raw
materials, 848–849, 850
- Rubber–cotton exchange agreement between United Kingdom and United States
(June 23), implementation of, 864, 868–869, 870, 873, 880–881, 884–896
- Rubber regulation agreement (1938), 861, 866, 867, 873
- Rubber Regulation Committee: U. S. negotiations for adequate releases of
rubber, 858–861,
864–905, 928, 933; U. S.
representation on Advisory Panel, 861–863
- Rubber–tin for timber arrangement between Soviet Union and United Kingdom,
881, 882, 884, 886
- Rumania (see also
Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations):
- Anglo-French guarantee of mutual assistance (Apr. 13), 116–117, 127,
129, 242
- German trade negotiations and economic demands, 72–73, 74–75, 79–80, 91–92, 176
- British approach to seven interested Governments, and
their replies, 90–91, 96
French approach to Poland, 84–85, 88
- Rumanian position regarding Soviet assistance, 80
- Signature of accord (Mar. 23), 99
- Soviet proposal of six-power conference at Bucharest, 79, 83,
91
- Peace initiative of President Roosevelt, Rumanian inquiry
regarding possibility, 499, 500–501; U.
S. reply, 500, 503
- Poland, relations with. See under
Poland.
- Prime Minister’s assassination, 447
- Soviet assurances following invasion of Poland, 437
- Soviet designs regarding Bessarabia, 476, 485, 486, 490,
959
- U. S. aid, Rumanian inquiry concerning, 176
- U. S. representations for the release of Polish ex-President, 573
- Views and position of King Carol and other officials, 370–371, 441–442, 450, 458,
464–465
- Ruthenia, occupation by Hungary, 29–30, 38,
40, 51, 91, 213
- Safety of Life at Sea, International Convention for (1929), 587–588
- Schacht, Hjalmar (former President of Reichsbank): Opinion
regarding German economic structure, 15; proposed
visit to United States to present peace plan, 521–522, 529
- Slovakia: Crisis in Slovakia (Mar.
10), 35–39;
declaration of independence (Mar. 14), 60; German assumption of protectorate, 47, 51; speculation
regarding use of German troops concentrated in Slovakia, 212–213; U. S.
customs treatment, 68–69; U. S. policy regarding recognition, 69–71, 187, 188–189
- Soviet-Finnish winter war. See under
Finland.
- Soviet Union (see also
Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Anglo-Soviet timber for rubber-tin arrangement, 881, 882,
884, 886
- Bessarabia, possible seizure by Soviet Union, 476, 485,
486, 490, 959
- Finland, relations with. See
Finland.
- Germany, relations with. See under
Germany.
- Litvinov, removal as People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs, 247, 248,
250, 251, 252
- Poland, relations with. See under
Poland.
- Rumania, relations with. See
Rumania.
- Soviet-Finnish winter war. See under
Finland.
- Trade agreement suggestion of United Kingdom, 462, 471
- Treaties. See under
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Truce signed with Japan (Sept. 15) to
terminate fighting on Mongolian-Manchurian frontier, 481n
- Turkish Foreign Minister’s visit to Moscow for negotiation of
mutual assistance pact, 456–457, 484–486, 490,
501–502
- U. S. representations on behalf of U. S. citizens in
Soviet-occupied Poland, 631–632, 632–634, 635–637
- Views and speculation, 73, 433–434, 458–459
- Spain:
- Belgian King’s radio address (Aug. 23),
Spanish inability to make public statement in support of, 374
- British measures for control of commerce, Spanish approach to
United States for support in protest against, 676, 754–755
- France, relations with, 365, 377–378
- German-Soviet non-aggression treaty, Spanish reaction to signature
of, 374
- Italian Foreign Minister’s visit to Spain, 192
- Italian legionnaires, possible withdrawal of, 2, 126, 127, 139
- Recognition of Franco government by Poland (Feb.
16), 14; by United Kingdom, 16, 21–22
- U. S. neutrality legislation, Spanish reaction to, 675–676
- War, Spanish appeal for localization of, 417; U. S. reply, 418
- Strategic raw materials, measures to secure adequate
supplies of, 848–951
- Anglo-American cotton-rubber agreement (June
23), implementation of, 864,
868–869,
870, 873, 880–881, 884–896
- Anglo-Soviet rubber–tin for timber arrangement, 881, 882,
884, 886
- Army and Navy Munitions Board statement (Oct.
11): Canadian representations, 856–857; text, 855
- Exportation of raw materials, appeal of President Roosevelt to
American exporters to refrain from, 881,
883–884
- Rubber Regulation Committee: U. S. negotiations for adequate
releases of rubber, 858–861, 864–905, 928,
933; U. S. representation on
Advisory Panel, 861–863
- Sugar agreement (1937), arrangements for
wartime operation of, 873, 874, 919–920, 948–951
- Surplus raw materials, U. S. plans for exchange of, 850–852
- Tin Regulation Committee, U. S. negotiations for adequate releases
of tin, 867–868, 900, 906–947
- U. S. legislation for purchase of stockpiles, 848–850, 852–854, 914; attitude of President Roosevelt,
848–849,
850; passage of Strategic Materials
Act (June 7), 854
- Submarine warfare procès-verbal (1936), 782
- Sugar agreement (1937), arrangements for wartime
operation of, 873, 874, 919–920, 948–951
- Surplus raw materials, U. S. plans for exchange of, 850–852
- Sweden (see also
Control of commerce by belligerents
and
Finland, relations with Soviet Union),
representations to United States for modification of combat area, 703–704, 713–714
- Switzerland, reaction to U. S. neutrality legislation, 667–668
- Tea agreements (1933), 873
- Tin regulation agreement (1937), 867, 906
- Tin Regulation Committee, U. S. negotiations for adequate releases of tin,
867–868, 900, 906–947
- Treaties, conventions, etc.:
- Aaland Islands convention regarding non-fortification (1921), 961
- Anglo-American agreement for exchange of cotton and rubber (June 23), 864,
868–869,
870, 873, 880–881, 884–896
- Anglo-French guarantee of mutual assistance to Greece and Rumania,
116–117,
127, 129, 242
- Anglo-French-Turkish mutual assistance agreements. See
Turkey: Anglo-French
negotiations.
- Anglo-German naval agreement (1935), German
denunciation of, 158, 246
- Anglo-Polish mutual assistance agreement. See
under
Poland: United
Kingdom, relations with.
- Anti-Comintern Pact, 4, 6, 300, 332, 367
- Balkan Entente (1934), 90, 484
- Buenos Aires Pact (1936), 62
- Declaration of Lima (1938), 62
- Declaration of London (1909), 721
- Declaration of Paris (1856), 721, 780
- Franco-Soviet treaty of mutual assistance (1935), 257, 300, 309
- Geneva protocol (1925) prohibiting use of
asphyxiating or poisonous or other gases, etc., reaffirmation of
British and French, 548
- German-Danish non-aggression pact and protocol (May 31), 734
- German-Estonian non-aggression treaty (June
7), 328
- German-Italian treaty of alliance (May 22),
188, 195, 208, 306, 328, 420
- German-Latvian non-aggression treaty (June
7), 328
- German-Lithuanian agreement for cession of Memel (Mar. 22), 95–96, 103
- German-Polish non-aggression pact (1934),
10, 158,
159, 328
- German-Rumanian trade agreement (Mar. 23).
See
Rumania: German trade
negotiations, etc.
- Greco-Turkish treaty of friendship, conciliation and judicial
settlement (1928), 470
- Hague conventions (1907), 384, 659,
721, 734
- London Naval Treaty (1936), suspension of,
558–561
- Memel convention (1924), 87
- Montreux convention (1936), 484, 485
- Munich agreements (1988), 3, 39, 93
- Polish-Rumanian treaty of guarantee (1931),
235, 241
- Prisoners of war convention (1929), 692
- Rubber regulation agreement (1938), 861, 866,
867, 873
- Safety of Life at Sea, International Convention for (1929), 587–588
- Soviet-Estonian mutual assistance pact (Sept.
28), 958, 969
- Soviet-Finnish conciliation convention (1932), 1005
- Soviet-Finnish frontier convention (1928),
1001, 1005
- Soviet-Finnish non-aggression treaty (1932), 966, 982, 988, 1005; protocol of extension (1934), 982
- Soviet-Finnish peace treaty (1920), 960, 969n
, 975, 978
- Soviet-German boundary and friendship treaty (Sept. 28). See
Germany: Soviet
Union: Boundary and friendship
treaty.
- Soviet-German commercial credit agreement (Aug.
19), 312–318, 322–324, 325–326, 327,
328, 329, 330–331, 333–334, 335–336
- Soviet-German neutrality and nonaggression treaty (1926), 325, 328
- Soviet-German non-aggression treaty (Aug.
23). See
Germany: Soviet
Union: Non-aggression
treaty.
- Soviet-Japanese truce to terminate fighting on
Mongolian-Manchurian frontier (Sept. 15),
481n
- Soviet-Latvian mutual assistance pact (Oct.
5), 963, 969
- Soviet-Lithuanian mutual assistance pact (Oct.
10), 969
- Soviet-Lithuanian non-aggression treaty (1926), 435
- Soviet-Polish commercial agreement (Feb.
19), 8, 101, 196, 314, 345
- Soviet-Polish non-aggression treaty (1932,
1934), 344
- Submarine warfare procès-verbal (1936), 782
- Sugar agreement (1937), 873, 874,
919–920,
948–951
- Tea agreements (1933), 873
- Tin regulation agreement (1937), 867, 906
- Tripartite monetary agreement (1936), 757
- U. S.-Czechoslovak trade agreement (1938),
suspension of, 59
- U. S.-Japanese commercial treaty, termination of, 207
- Tripartite monetary agreement (1936), 757
- Turkey:
- Anglo-French negotiations for mutual assistance agreement, 125, 127,
128, 129, 175, 234
- British declaration of tentative agreement (May 12), 188, 258, 366n
- French declaration of tentative agreement (June 23), 484n
- Signature of permanent agreement (Oct.
19), 258n
, 438, 446, 449, 484, 489
- Turkey’s pledge under alliance, 365–366
- Visit of Foreign Minister to Moscow for negotiation of mutual
assistance agreement, 456–457, 484–486, 490,
501–502,
516
- Union of South Africa, protest against provisions of U. S. neutrality
legislation, 676–677, 678, 679–680
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See
Soviet Union.
- United Kingdom (see also
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations; Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations; Control of commerce by belligerents; Danzig; Peace appeals;
Peace movements; Polish
crisis; and
World War II, outbreak in Europe):
- Anglo-American agreement for exchange of cotton and rubber (June 23), 864,
868–869,
870, 873, 880–881, 884–886
- Anglo-French approach to Norway and Sweden for aid to Finland,
535, 540–541
- Anglo-French arrangement in event of attack upon Netherlands or
Switzerland, 20–21
- Anglo-French guarantee of mutual assistance to Greece and Rumania,
116–117,
127, 129, 242
- Anglo-French Purchasing Board in United States, 562–572
- Anglo-German naval treaty (1935),
denunciation by Germany (Apr. 28), 158, 246,
276
- Anglo-Soviet rubber–tin for timber arrangement, 881, 882,
884, 886
- Commercial and trade discussions with Germany, 15, 20, 21, 25, 77, 78, 110–112, 172; U. S. interest in, 28–29, 74, 76
- Conscription problem: British views regarding, 142; French and U. S. attitude, 169–170;
mobilization and conscription announcement (Apr.
26), 171–172
- Czechoslovakia: British Prime Minister’s speech (Mar. 17) condemning German invasion, 98, 104; U. S. and British
representations to Germany regarding refugees, 50–51, 54–55, 58–59
- Far East: Financial aid to China, 22;
possible withdrawal from Tientsin, 200,
283
- Greece, relations with. See
Greece.
- Italy, relations with (see also
Polish crisis): Conversations at Rome
between British Prime Minister and Italian Chief of State (Jan. 11–14), 2,
16, 17;
Italian assurance regarding Corfu and Greece, 120; Italian approach for joint move, 228, 230;
Italian notes regarding Albania, 126
- Joint declaration against German aggression proposed to France,
Poland, and Soviet Union, 83–84; replies, 92–93, 97, 98, 99
- London Naval Treaty (1936), British
notification of suspension, 558
- Poland, relations with. See under
Poland.
- Prime Minister. See
Chamberlain, Neville.
- Public opinion, reports on evolution of, 32–33, 71
- Repatriation of civilian enemy aliens, British attitude toward,
637–638,
647–649
- Rumania, relations with. See
Rumania.
- Spain, possible recognition of Franco government, 16, 21–22
- Turkey, relations with. See
Turkey: Anglo-French
negotiations for mutual assistance agreement.
- Trade agreement suggestion to Soviet Union, 462, 471
- U. S. negotiations through Netherlands and United Kingdom for
adequate releases from—
- U. S. Neutrality Act (Nov. 4): British
protest against sec. 2, 681–684; exchange of
correspondence between President Roosevelt and British Prime
Minister, 671, 674–675, 680–681
- U. S. ships, British reservation of right to take into combat
areas, 770–771, 773–775, 789–790
- U. S. visit of the British King and Queen, 125, 272
- Views and speculation, 2–5, 14–17, 114, 141–142, 201–202, 222–223, 271–272, 287–288, 392, 421–423, 426–427, 439–441, 453–455, 470–472
- Uruguay, operation of blacklist in, 775–778
- U. S. citizens (see also
Protection and repatriation of U. S. citizens
and
U. S. neutrality policy: Regulations), protection of citizens and property in
Czechoslovakia, 40
- U. S. Congress. See
Legislation
under
Strategic raw materials
and
U. S. neutrality policy.
- U. S. neutrality policy, 650–716
- Armed merchant vessels, treatment in U. S. ports, 694, 695–696, 699,
701–703
- Combat areas:
- Proclamation defining areas (Nov.
4), 692, 703, 707, 711
- Protest of Ireland against inclusion, 704–705, 712–713
- Representations by Sweden for modification, 703–704, 713–714
- U. S. ships, British reservation of right to take into
combat areas, 770–771, 773–775, 789–790; reports on, 714–715
- Legislation:
- Action by Congress prior to outbreak of war:
- Policy of the Secretary of State, 656–657
- Reactions in Belgium, 664–665;
France, 126–127, 281–282, 283; Germany, 207, 665–667, 669–670; Hungary, 670; Italy, 663–664;
Netherlands, 662–663, 668–669;
Switzerland, 667–668; United Kingdom, 185
- Enforcement of Act of 1937, 730–731
- Interpretation of sections of Act of 1937, 656–661
- Passage by. Congress of Neutrality Act (Nov. 4):
- Correspondence of President Roosevelt with
Australian Prime Minister, 671, 672; with
British Prime Minister, 671, 674–675, 680–681
- Message of President Roosevelt to Congress, 674
- Opinion of Yugoslav Prince Regent, 677
- Protests of other governments against certain
provisions of act, 676–677, 678, 679–680, 681–684
- Official statements and messages to Congress, list of, 656
- Passage of belligerent troops through U. S. territory, 694–695
- Proclamations issued after outbreak of war: List of proclamations,
691–692;
text of neutrality proclamation (Sept. 5),
685–691
- Recruitment in United States: Polish appeal, 697–698; French citizens in
United States, 698–699, 699–701
- Regulations regarding passports, 692–693, 704, 705,
709–712;
service of U. S. citizens in belligerent forces, 694; travel of U. S. citizens on
belligerent ships or through combat areas, 693–694, 703, 704,
705–709,
712, 715–716; visas for foreign
officials, 690–697
- U. S. ships. See
Combat areas
under
U. S. neutrality policy.
- Vilna, return to Lithuania, 435, 969
- World War II, events leading to outbreak in Europe (see also
Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations; Czechoslovakia, occupation by Germany; Germany: Soviet Union,
relations with; and
Peace appeals, prior to outbreak of war):
-
Jan.–Mar. 15, speculation as to Axis designs,
1–33
-
Mar. 16–Apr. 14, tension in Europe following
occupation of Czechoslovakia, 71–130
-
Apr. 15–Aug. 21, increasing German pressure
on Poland, 168–232
-
Aug. 22–31, final efforts to preserve peace
in Europe, 350–401
- World War II, outbreak in Europe (see
also
Aerial bombardment of civilian populations
and
Peace movements, after outbreak of war):
- German invasion of Poland, 402–428
- German proclamation (Sept. 1), 402
- Notes of France and United Kingdom to Germany (Sept. 1 and 3), demanding suspension of
aggression against Poland, 405–406, 408,
409, 412, 413, 414–415; German refusal of
demands, 415–416
- Polish request for French assistance, 411–413
- Reports on position of Hungary, 407;
Italy, 416–417; Soviet Union, 419;
Yugoslavia, 404–405, 420–421
- Spanish appeal for localization of conflict, 417; U. S. reply, 418
- United Kingdom (see also
Notes, supra):
Flight of Prime Minister to France (Sept.
12), 424–425; views of King and others regarding situation arising
from defeat of Poland, 421–423, 426–427
- U. S. Ambassador to Poland, report on Poland’s desperate situation
(Sept. 14), 427–428
- Soviet invasion of Poland and possible spread of war, 428–477
- Notes of Soviet Union to Poland and Diplomatic Corps in Moscow
(Sept. 17) justifying invasion, 428–430
- Notes of Poland to France, Rumania, and United Kingdom (Sept. 18), reporting invasion, 430
- Plea of Poland for mention in a possible U. S. statement of aid to
France and United Kingdom, 432
- Protests of France and Great Britain to Soviet Union against
invasion of Poland (Sept. 18), 437, 438
- Refusal by Belgium of French pleas for permission for troops to
cross territory to attack Germany, 444–445
- Relations of France and United Kingdom with Soviet Union in view
of invasion of Poland, 432–433, 437–438, 446,
462–463
- Signature of boundary and friendship treaty by Germany and Soviet
Union (Sept. 28). See
Germany: Soviet
Union: Boundary and friendship
treaty.
- Soviet assurances to Rumania, 437
- Soviet-German troops in contact in Poland and line of demarcation
(Sept. 19), 442–443, 449
- United States: Ambassador to Poland, summary of reasons for
Poland’s defeat, 451–453; approach to Germany regarding German
troops on borders of Belgium and Netherlands, 464, 465–468; evacuation of Embassy staff from
Poland and retention of Consulate General at Warsaw, 573; protection of interests of
belligerent powers, 573; representations
to Germany and Soviet Union on behalf of U. S. citizens in occupied
Poland, 628–630, 631–632, 632–634, 635–637; representations to Rumania to secure
release of Polish ex-President, 573
- Views and speculation: Bulgaria, 443–444; France, 445–446, 449, 459–460, 474–476, 477;
Germany, 438–439, 442, 447, 455–456, 457;
Hungary, 468–470, 472–473; Italy, 447–448, 464, 475–476; Lithuania, 434–435; Netherlands, 473–474;
Rumania, 435–436, 441–442, 450,
458, 464–465; Soviet
representatives in Berlin, 433–434, 458–459; United Kingdom, 430–432, 439–441, 453–455, 470–472;
Yugoslavia, 435–437, 442, 446–447, 448, 450–451, 476–477
- Soviet-Finnish winter war. See under
Finland.
- Yugoslavia: Foreign Minister’s visit to Berlin, 164–165; reaction to U. S. neutrality
legislation, 677; views and position of Prince
Regent and other officials, 82–83, 198–200, 238, 288, 404–405, 420–421, 442, 446–447, 448, 476–477