Index
- Abyssinia. See Ethiopia.
- Agreements. See Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Alsace-Lorraine, 102, 103
- American Friends Service Committee, 369, 370, 371, 373, 377, 378, 381, 382
- American Red Cross. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Anderson, Clayton and Co., 297, 310
- Anglo-Italian agreement. See under United Kingdom: Italy.
- Antarctica, assertion by Lincoln Ellsworth of claim to territory for United States, 972–975
- Anti-Comintern Pact (1937): Austrian participation, possibility of, 404; Italian participation in, 7, 137
- Anti-Semitism and related questions in various countries (see also Jews; Refugees from Germany and Austria): Austria, 405, 433, 438, 449, 455, 458–459, 470–471, 566; Germany, 102, 566, 739, 766, 800–801, 804, 805, 806, 816, 819–820, 832, 833, 862–863, 864–865, 872–873; Hungary, 778; Italy, 63; Poland, 97, 778–780, 835, 854; Rumania, 5–6, 83, 742–743
- Argentina:
- Armament limitation (see also Disarmament; London Naval Treaty; Spanish Civil War: Airplanes and other armament), 12, 13, 64, 89–90, 91, 96, 103, 113, 116
- Australia:
- German-Czechoslovak crisis, attitude toward, 577
- Refugees from Germany and Austria: Participation in Evian meeting, 741, 746; question of admission of, 105, 853, 882
- Whaling: Problems in Australian territorial waters, 951–952; signing of protocol (June 24) amending International Agreement for the Regulation of Whaling (1937), 957
- Austria, annexation by Germany, 384–482
- Anglo-French representations, 25–26, 36, 387, 389, 396, 421, 424, 429, 434, 448, 469
- Anti-Semitic measures, 405, 433, 438, 449, 455, 458–459, 470–471, 566
- Austro-German agreement (1936), 17, 386, 387–388, 390, 391, 392, 400, 401, 405
- Berchtesgaden meeting between Hitler and Schuschnigg: Agreement on German demands reached, 17–18, 390, 391–392, 393–395, 399, 400–401, 402–403, 407–409, 420; alleged breach of agreement by Schuschnigg, 424, 434, 438, 468
- Catholic Church: Declaration under pressure by Austrian bishop endorsing annexation, 466, 474–476, 480; situation and problems in, 23, 438, 455, 458, 463, 474–475
- Diplomatic relations: Status of foreign missions after annexation, 439, 441, 442, 446, 455, 456; U. S. Legation, question of closing of, 452–453, 456, 460–462, 473, 477
- Economic and financial problems, 415, 440, 450, 454, 456, 467
- France (see also Anglo-French representations, supra): Attitudes and views concerning annexation, 18–19, 28, 35–36, 389, 394–395, 401–402, 404, 406, 423–424, 427; financial aid question, 415, 467
- Germany: Justification of coup, 428–429, 434–435, 445; measures to effect incorporation, 438, 440, 441, 442, 449, 453–455; exchange of views with United States, 428, 442–444; plebiscite held in Germany on reunion with Austria, 465, 476; popular reaction to, 462–464, 471; tactics and policies leading to, 18, 22, 385–388, 390, 405, 432, 467–468; ultimatum conditions, 131–132, 421, 422
- Hitler, Adolf (see also Berchtesgaden meeting, supra): Election as President, 436; proclamation of Mar. 12, 426–427; speech of Feb. 20, 21, 23, 24, 405, 406; visit to Linz and Vienna, 433
- Internal situation: Fatherland or Patriotic Front, 406–407, 416, 440; Nazi organization, activities and demonstrations, 387, 388, 394, 397, 405, 407, 408, 409, 415, 418, 420, 433, 440, 457, 458–459, 467, 469, 470–471: Social Democrats, 397, 398; Socialist Party, 468; Tav’s affair, 385–386, 387, 388, 392; U. S. analysis, 18–19
- Italy: Attitude toward German aims and policies, 12, 21, 23, 52, 54, 384–385, 393, 398, 399–401, 404, 405–406, 408, 409–410, 418, 450–451; position after annexation, 430, 431, 432, 435–436, 437, 450–451, 460, 470
- Military measures: German mobilization, 419, 420, 421; German troops, entry of, 426, 427, 435, 445, 464, 469, 470
- Plebiscites: Held by Hitler on reunion with Germany, 438, 441, 465, 471, 476; planned by Schuschnigg before German invasion, 416, 417–418, 419, 420, 428, 434, 435
- Polish attitude toward, 417
- Protection of Americans and other citizens, 450, 460–461
- Refugee problem. See Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Rumanian reaction toward, 414, 448
- Schuschnigg, Kurt von (see also Berchtesgaden meeting, supra): Detention by Germany, and intervention by foreign powers on behalf of, 438, 440, 455, 456, 459, 472, 477–482; efforts to maintain independence and internal position, 386, 390–391, 392, 397–398, 406, 415, 420, 467, 468; plebiscite planned by, 416, 417–418, 419, 420, 428, 434, 435; radio announcement of German ultimatum, and resignation, 422; speech of Feb. 24 and comments on, 407–408, 409
- Seyss-Inquart, Artur von: Functions after coup, 438, 449, 454, 457; German demands for inclusion in government, 390, 391–392, 393, 394, 398–399, 400–401, 421–422, 423; Schuschnigg, behavior toward, 479–480
- Soviet Union, reaction to, 446, 465
- United Kingdom (see also Anglo-French representations, supra): Attitudes and views concerning annexation, 28, 36, 131–132, 403–404, 425–426, 427, 455; financial aid question, 415, 467
- U. S. views and analyses of, 18–19, 384–385, 396, 400, 403–404, 421, 425–426, 437, 447, 449, 451–452, 457–460, 464, 466–472; anti-German demonstrations in United States, 464
- Yugoslav attitude toward, 414, 417, 431, 432
- Aviation (see also
Spanish Civil War: Airplanes
and other armament
and
Military operations: Air):
- British airplane production, 493–494, 510
- France, situation of, 64, 73, 103–104, 105, 177, 493, 501–502, 510, 598–599, 611, 617, 712
- International (Diplomatic) Conference on Private Air Law, Brussels (Sept. 19–30), U. S. participation in, 965
- Limitation of air armaments by France and United Kingdom, 103
- Relative air strength of European nations as seen by Col. Charles A. Lindbergh, 72–73
- Soviet Air Force, 73, 494, 564
- Balearic Islands. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Balkan Entente, 414
- Belgium:
- Berlin–Rome Axis, 38, 54, 71, 72, 91, 92, 112, 117, 163, 404, 450–451, 460, 573
- Bolivia: Refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 757, 842, 880–881; Spanish Civil War, attitude toward, 241
- Brazil:
- Consultations with United States on European situation, 596–597, 599–600
- Italy, relations with, 600
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 979–980
- Refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 755, 757, 758–759, 767, 773, 778, 781, 785, 841, 852
- Spanish Civil War, coffee donation for refugees of, 371–372, 374
- British Guiana, German and Austrian refugee resettlement plan in, 105, 827, 831, 853, 855, 861, 866, 868, 870
- Bulgaria, 66, 68, 414
- Canada: Armaments transshipment to Spain, question of, 348–351, 353, 354, 355, 358–362; refugees from Germany and Austria, participation in Evian meeting and question of admission, 741, 749, 753, 826, 828, 882; signing of protocol (June 24) amending International Agreement for Regulation of Whaling (1937), 957
- Chamberlain, Neville:
- Appeasement policy, 27, 28, 29, 88, 119–120, 126–127, 128–129, 138, 412, 446, 830
- German-Czechoslovak crisis: Berchtesgaden meeting with Hitler, 598–615; exchange of messages with Hitler, and policies, 622, 646, 654, 659, 660–661, 663, 667, 672, 673–674, 680, 683, 688, 691, 712, 714; Godesberg meeting with Hitler, 609, 610–611, 630, 632–633, 635, 641–649, 655, 656–657; political position and Cabinet difficulties in relation to, 500, 603, 622, 631, 643, 652, 654, 700; steps to enlist aid of Mussolini for organizing Munich meeting, 688, 694
- Refugee problem, exchange of messages with President Roosevelt concerning, 791–792, 794–795, 796–797
- Spanish Civil War, policy regarding, 249, 252, 257
- Chile: Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 980–981; refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 787–788
- China, 7, 59, 146
- Claim to territory in Antarctica for United States, assertion by Lincoln Ellsworth of, 972–975
- Colombia, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 841
- Communism in France, 24–25, 84; in Loyalist Government in Spain, 152, 169, 233
- Conferences:
- American States, Eighth International Conference of, Lima (1938): Mediation in Spain, question of offer of, 114, 255, 258, 260, 261; refugee problem presented at, 854
- Brussels Conference (1937), 7
- Evian meeting (July 6–15). See under Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Films of an Educational Character, Conference to consider amendments to Convention for Facilitating the International Circulation of, Geneva (Sept. 10–12), 966–970
- Labour Conference, International, Geneva (1936), 971
- London Naval Conference (1936), 900–901
- Private Air Law, Fourth International (Diplomatic) Conference on, Brussels (Sept. 19–30), 965
- Sanitary Conference, International, Paris (Oct. 28–31), 960–964
- Telecommunications Conferences, International, Cairo (Feb. 1–Apr. 8), 959
- Whaling Conference (June 14–24). See Whaling Conference, International.
- Conventions. See Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Costa Rica, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 838–839, 842
- Cuba: Refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 757, 842; Spanish Civil War truce proposal, 149, 225
- Cyprus, 11
- Czechoslovakia (see also German-Czechoslovak crisis): Ethiopia, question of recognition of, 488; relations with Germany prior to crisis, 628, 737–738; Soviet Union, mutual assistance agreement with (1935), 412, 498, 541, 633; trade agreement with United States, 22, 486
- Danzig, 86, 93, 471, 735
- Debts, First World War, status of, 918
- Denmark: Germany, relations with, 19, 69; refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 741, 826
- Disarmament (see also Armament limitation; London Naval Treaty), decision by Council of the League of Nations to postpone meeting of Bureau of the Disarmament Conference, 887–890
- Dominican Republic, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 757, 764–765, 773–774, 781, 841, 849
- Ecuador, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 757, 842, 861, 866
- Egypt, 74, 135, 144; abolition of Sanitary Maritime Quarantine Board, question of, 960–964
- Ellsworth, Lincoln, assertion of claim to territory in Antarctica for United States, 972–975
- Employment at sea, ratification of conventions between United States and other members of International Labour Organization relating to 971
- Ethiopia: Internal problems, 38, 140–141; recognition of Italian conquest by various countries, question of, 10–11, 17, 26, 30, 38–39, 52, 119, 121, 122–123, 124, 133–134, 135, 139–140, 145–146, 148, 159, 243, 397, 431, 488; refugees from Germany and Austria, 859–860
- European political developments, views and analyses from various countries, 1–114: Czechoslovakia, 30–31; France, 1–3, 5–6, 15–17, 24–30, 33–39, 44–49, 57–59, 63–65, 70–71, 83–85, 93–95, 100–104, 104–106, 112–114; Germany, 13–15, 107–108; Greece, 75–76; Hungary, 55–56, 71–72; Italy, 53–54, 71–72; Poland, 3–5, 108–111; Soviet Union, 41–42; Switzerland, 86–92; United Kingdom, 40, 50–53, 55, 56–57, 65–68, 72–73, 85–86, 95–97, 99–100, 128, 136–137; United States, 6–13, 17–24, 31–32, 60–63, 68–69, 82–83
- Evian meeting to form Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees. See under Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Far East:
- Fiji Islands, 130
- Films of an Educational Character, Conference to consider amendments to Convention for Facilitating the International Circulation of, Geneva (Sept. 10–12), 966–970
- France:
- Armament (see also Rearmament, infra): Airplane production and aviation problems, 64, 73, 103–104, 105, 177, 493, 501–502, 510, 598–599, 611, 617, 712; naval armament escalation, attitude toward, 892–893, 895, 903, 906–907, 908
- Attacks on France in American press, resentment against, 625–626, 638
- Austrian annexation by Germany, French position on. See under Austria.
- Communism in, 24–25, 84
- Eastern Europe, position in, 3–4, 5, 27, 733
- Economic problems, 46, 64–65, 84, 495
- Franco-American relations, general, 60, 63, 83, 103, 104, 105, 107, 148, 601–602, 686, 687
- German-Czechoslovak crisis. See under German-Czechoslovak crisis.
- Germany, relations with:
- Internal political situation: Attitude toward war, 583, 648, 667, 668–669; Communism, 24–25, 84; general, 24–25, 29, 84, 94, 95
- Italy, relations with: Diplomatic relations resumed, 83, 85; general, 3, 52, 64, 71–72, 193, 216, 243, 556, 623; negotiations for a formal agreement, 44, 46, 47–48, 195, 209–210, 227, 232, 243, 253, 257–258; North Africa questions, 11, 47–48, 53, 112, 113
- Luxembourg, assurances of integrity of, 43
- Military problems (see also Armament, supra; Rearmament, infra), 573, 583, 617
- Poland, relations with, 4, 83, 109–110, 637–638, 651, 653
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 986–987
- Rearmament problem, 58, 64, 103–104, 105, 177, 493, 501–502, 510, 598–599, 611, 617, 712
- Refugees. See under Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Rumania, relations with, 4, 5–6, 42, 106
- Soviet Union, relations with: General, 6, 58–59, 109, 556; mutual assistance pact (1935), 83, 106, 412 634
- Spanish Civil War. See under Spanish Civil War.
- United Kingdom, relations with (see also Austria: Anglo-French representations; German-Czechoslovak crisis: Anglo-French cooperation): General, 28, 29, 45, 47, 50–51, 51–52, 100, 101, 103, 572; refugees, 104–105, 851, 854–855, 872; Sino-Japanese conflict, 31, 59, 95, 99, 104, 105, 206–207; Spanish Civil War problems, 59, 164–165, 257
- German-Czechoslovak crisis, 483–739
- Anglo-American exchange of views and steps, 486–487, 539, 573, 574–576, 580, 585–586, 587–588, 611–612, 612–614, 636, 654–655, 656, 661, 663, 672–673, 678–681, 697
- Anglo-French cooperation: Armed intervention question and Hitler’s position over possibility of, 40, 512–513, 550, 557–558, 560, 563, 584–585, 603, 644, 646, 647, 648, 649, 654, 659, 660, 662, 666, 668, 683; exchange of views and steps, 36–37, 45, 50–51, 96, 103, 420–421, 483–484, 487, 492–493, 497, 500–501, 512, 532–533, 572–573, 577, 591–592, 594, 596, 600–601, 611, 615, 621–622, 646–647, 659, 660, 663, 666–667, 667–668, 692; pressure on Czech Government to make further concessions, 48–49, 492–495, 570, 591–992, 596, 615–616, 618–619, 620, 627, 629–631, 633, 649, 654; proposals, 620–621, 627, 628, 629, 630–631, 633, 681
- Australian attitude toward, 577
- Chamberlain, Neville. See Chamberlain, Neville.
- Comments in American press and popular reaction, 605, 625–626, 638, 673, 676–677
- Customs union, question of, 723
- Czechoslovak Government (see also Negotiations, infra): Anglo-French pressure to make further concessions, 48–49, 492–495, 570, 591–592, 596, 615–616, 618–619, 620, 627, 629–631, 633, 649, 654; determination to fight if invaded, 485, 488, 490, 509, 514–515; position after Munich, 723, 738–739; proposals and concessions, 567–568, 574, 577, 578, 579–580, 582, 589, 616, 619, 627, 629, 664; reaction to annexation of Sudeten area, 616, 619, 620–621, 627, 628–629, 630–631, 633, 648, 649–650, 733–735; relations with United States, 483–484, 485–486, 488–490, 521–523, 527–528, 534–536, 539, 540–544, 626–627, 634–635, 650, 663–664, 701, 710, 712–713, 723; repressive measures in Sudeten area, 593, 595, 606, 638–639; Runciman mission, attitude toward, 538, 544, 549; statements of position and appraisal of situation, 30–31, 316–317, 411, 546–547, 551–553, 570, 586–587, 593, 611, 676–677, 679, 690, 708, 736–737; war preparations, 508, 516, 517, 554, 573, 640, 645, 646, 701, 702
- France (see also
Anglo-French cooperation, supra):
- Armed intervention, question of, 19, 36–37, 39, 70, 493, 495, 501–504, 509–512, 513, 514, 526, 529, 533, 560, 581, 595, 601, 617, 618, 620, 641–642, 668–669, 687
- Czech resentment against, 633, 637
- Franco-American exchange of views, 500–504, 512–514, 517–519, 519–520, 581–582, 589, 595–596, 598–599, 638–639, 675–676
- Franco-German conversations, 524, 553–554, 581, 698–699
- General attitudes, policies, and views, 26–27, 35, 37, 39, 48–49, 58, 63–64, 87, 411, 483–484, 488, 491, 493, 495, 500–504, 512, 513, 524, 531–532, 536, 537, 539, 545, 555, 563–564, 577, 581, 589, 595–596, 600–601, 616, 625, 637, 656–657, 659–660, 662, 674–675, 698–699, 720
- Munich conference proposal and comments, 88–90, 594, 596, 686, 691–692, 707–708
- Pressure on Czechs, 515, 517, 518, 526–527
- Public opinion in relation to, 620, 628, 632–633, 641
- Frontiers: Closing by Czech Government, 665–666, 666–667; delimitation questions after Munich, 703, 711–712, 712–713, 722–723, 729–730, 734; guarantees of new frontiers by other nations, 96, 103, 611–612, 616, 619, 631–632, 646, 647, 653, 656, 681, 683, 701, 703
- Germany:
- Accusations against Czechoslovak Government, 639–640, 671, 672, 690–691
- Aims and general policies, 4, 19, 27, 28, 45, 64, 385, 431, 432, 446, 484, 497–498, 505, 516–517, 529–530, 538–539, 540–541, 553–554, 557, 559, 562, 576–577, 597, 637, 664–665, 683
- Hitler, Adolf: Appeals by various countries to, 726; Berchtesgaden meeting with Chamberlain, 598–615; demands by, 608–609, 615, 633, 642–644, 646–647, 648–649, 653, 655, 656, 657, 671–672, 673–674, 680, 683–684, 701; Godesberg meeting with Chamberlain, 609, 610–611, 630, 632–633, 635, 641–649, 655, 656–657; policy and attitudes, 585, 589, 603, 645, 660; President Roosevelt’s [Page 996] messages and Hitler’s replies, 657–658, 669–672, 678–679, 727; speech of Sept. 12, 582, 591–592
- Military preparations, 63, 485, 541–542, 563–564, 575, 588, 592, 595–596, 613, 614–615, 659–660, 681–682, 689
- Propaganda attacks on Czechoslovakia, 489, 541, 542, 545, 644
- Guarantee of new Czechoslovak boundaries, question of, 96, 103, 611–612, 616, 619, 631–632, 646, 647, 653, 656, 680, 681, 683, 701, 703
- Hungarian demands on Czechoslovakia, 95, 96, 522, 530, 547, 614, 621, 629, 630, 631, 633, 634, 637, 640, 646, 647, 653, 655–656, 664–665, 666–667, 717–718, 723
- Incidents. See under Sudeten area, infra.
- Intervention by United States in behalf of peace, possibility of, 49, 510–512, 513–514, 515, 519–520, 531, 598, 612, 651, 708–709
- Italy: Attitudes and views, 53, 153–154, 490, 561–562, 623–624; Mussolini’s rôle in arranging Munich meeting, 688–689, 692, 694, 724, 725, 727–729; President Roosevelt’s message to Mussolini, 677, 699, 701–702, 703–704
- Military problems: British and French troops to accompany German Army and evacuate Czechs, 692; cession of Czech fortified areas to German Army, 656, 686, 720; Czechoslovak war preparations, 508, 516, 517, 554, 573, 640, 645, 646, 701, 702; German war preparations, 61, 62, 63, 485, 541–542, 563–564, 575, 588, 592, 595–596, 613, 614–615, 659–660, 681–682, 689; Hungarian war preparations, 640; Polish war preparations, 640
- Minority problems (see also Hungarian demands, supra; Poland and Sudeten area, infra): Czechoslovak Government proposals, 506, 534–536; geographical aspects, 543–544; population exchange, question of, 620, 648, 649; Ruthenians, 522, 723; special regime for those remaining after cession, 630
- Munich agreement (Sept. 29):
- Comments and results, 85–92, 97–98, 697–698, 699–700, 703, 707–708, 711–712, 716–720, 729, 731–733
- Events and steps leading to: General, 688–689, 691–692, 692–693, 697–698, 698–699, 700, 704–707, 727–729; Mussolini’s rôle in arrangements for, 688–689, 692, 694, 724, 725, 727–729
- Frontiers, question of, 703, 711—712, 712–713, 722–723, 730, 734
- International Commission set up by, 680–681, 703, 720, 724, 734
- Terms of, 702–703, 722, 730, 733–735
- Negotiations:
- Anglo-French proposals, 620–621, 627, 628, 629, 630–631, 633, 681
- Anglo-German: Berchtesgaden meeting between Chamberlain and Hitler, 598–615; general, 49, 501, 504, 512–513, 587–588, 609, 614, 633, 646–647, 648–649, 649–650, 654–655, 655–656, 656–657, 659, 667, 668, 669, 671–672, 673–674, 679, 680–681, 682–683, 688, 692, 701; Godesberg meeting between Chamberlain and Hitler, 609, 610–611, 630, 632–633, 635, 641–649, 655, 656–657
- Czechoslovak Government and Sudeten Germans, 488, 490, 492, 497–498, 499, 503, 504, 506, 508, 513, 514, 517, 518, 519, 521–522, 526–527, 527–528, 531, 533, 534, 536, 537, 543–544, 545, 561, 564, 565, 569, 574, 575, 579–580, 587, 589, 605–606, 664, 671, 682, 724, 725
- General, 484, 536–537, 567–568, 569, 574–576, 597
- Messages of President Roosevelt, 657–664 passim, 669–672, 675–676, 677, 678–679, 680, 684–685, 686–687, 697, 727
- Munich agreement. See Munich agreement, supra.
- Runciman mission, 58, 63–64, 537–539, 544, 549, 550–555 passim, 560, 564–570, 573–581, 592, 594–595, 596, 605, 690
- Plebiscite, question of, 545, 568, 576, 582, 591, 592, 593, 597, 604, 619, 646, 647, 648, 655, 657, 701, 703, 723
- Poland: Claims against Czechoslovakia and general position toward crisis, 35, 84, 96, 111, 494, 495–498, 502, 507, 522, 555–556, 564, 597–598, 614, 621, 624, 630, 631, 633, 634, 637–638, 639, 644, 647, 650–652, 652–654, 655–656, 660, 662, 664–665, 666, 668–669, 687, 697–698, 700, 708–712, 718, 723; Hitler’s attitude, 646, 647, 655–656; [Page 997] possible armed attack on Czechoslovakia, 84, 637–638, 640, 651–652, 664–665
- Protection of Americans and other nationals, 590, 602, 604, 624–625, 634, 635–636
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. See under Roosevelt, Franklin D.
- Rumania: Attitude toward crisis, 42, 56, 82, 94–95, 653, 665; question of Soviet troops crossing Rumanian territory to aid Czechoslovakia, 42, 59, 413, 492, 502, 507–508, 583, 587, 615, 653
- Runciman mission. See under Negotiations, supra.
- Ruthenia, question of, 522, 723
- Slovakia, question of, 55, 56, 664–665, 687, 717–718, 720, 723
- Soviet Union: Attitudes and views, 37–38, 41, 66–68, 84, 445–446, 492, 494, 502–503, 546, 548, 557, 559, 562–563, 590, 633–634, 695–696; military aid to Czechoslovakia, possibility of, 465, 523, 533, 555–556, 564, 583, 651, 736–737; mutual assistance agreement between Czechoslovakia and Soviet Union (1935), 412, 498, 499, 541, 633
- Statement by Secretary of State Cordell Hull, 520–521, 523–524
- Sudeten area:
- Annexation to Germany, problem of, 382, 582, 615, 616, 619, 620, 627, 628, 629, 630–631, 672, 686, 700
- Autonomy, demands for, 27, 34–35, 54, 66, 498, 525, 527–528, 543, 545, 578, 581, 582, 596
- Economic situation in, 522–523, 543, 587
- Election results, 525
- Henlein, Konrad, demands by, 45, 489–490, 497–498, 498–499, 505, 508, 518, 522, 554–555, 568, 575, 577, 579–580, 582, 606
- Incidents, 506, 508–509, 593, 594, 595–596, 607, 628, 639, 640, 644, 671–672, 673, 690, 691, 692
- Negotiations. See Negotiations: Czechoslovak Government, supra.
- Refugee problems, 671, 690, 803–809
- United Kingdom (see also
Anglo-American exchange of views, Anglo-French cooperation, and
Negotiations: Anglo-German, supra):
- Armed intervention, question of, 494, 509, 512, 528–529, 533, 561, 563, 565, 570–571, 586, 607, 663, 737
- Cabinet discussions and disagreements, 500, 603, 622, 631, 643, 652, 654, 700
- Chamberlain, Neville. See Chamberlain, Neville.
- Czechoslovak resentment against, 628, 633
- Dominions, attitude of, 577–578, 581
- General attitudes and steps, 35, 37, 45, 49, 50, 51, 57, 58, 103, 487, 491, 492, 493, 497, 499–500, 500–501, 504, 505, 512–513, 536, 545, 546–547, 549–551, 552, 558, 560, 561, 563, 565, 566, 570, 571, 574–576, 580–581, 584–586, 587, 590, 592, 594–595, 603–604, 608–609, 611, 612–613, 616, 633, 641, 663, 680, 694, 720
- Pressure on Czechoslovak Government to negotiate, 487, 500, 501, 502, 504, 513–514, 579, 620, 621
- Public opinion in relation to, 570, 577, 631, 632
- Runciman mission. See under Negotiations, supra.
- Simon, Sir John, reaction to speech of, 566, 571, 572, 577
- War possibility analyzed by various countries, 36, 88, 411–412, 413, 446, 509–510, 511, 525, 541–542, 546, 549, 556, 561, 570, 571, 572, 599, 607, 613, 615, 617, 631, 632, 654, 658, 684
- Yugoslavia, attitude and views of, 432, 502, 549
- Germany (see also
Austria; German-Czechoslovak
crisis):
- Anti-German attacks and press propaganda in United States, 443–445, 464, 542, 543
- Anti-Semitism, 102, 566, 739, 766, 800–801, 804, 805, 806, 819–820, 832, 833, 862–863, 864–865, 872–873
- Armament: Limitation, 91, 116; naval, 892, 912; rearmament, 13, 58, 70, 73, 91, 510, 598–599, 617
- Army: Attitude toward war, 553, 660; fortifications, additions to, 530, 534, 542; incorporation of Austrian Army, 440; relationship with Hitler, 20, 23, 61, 62, 87, 419; war preparations in Czechoslovak crisis, 61, 62, 63, 485, 541–542, 563–564, 575, 588, 592, 595–596, 613, 614–615, 659–660, 681–682, 689
- Belgium, relations with: Eupen and Malmédy question, 471; German position toward, 19, 67, 69, 96
- Catholic Church problems and relations with Vatican, 408–409, 463, 474–476
- Colonial aspirations, 31, 33–34, 90, 96–97, 102, 136, 432, 542, 655, 711, 714–715, 716
- Danzig question, 86, 93, 471, 735
- Economic situation, 19–20, 91, 129, 864, 880
- Expansion policy: Central and southeastern Europe, and views by various nations, 19, 20–21, 26–27, 65–68, 68–69, 86, 89–90, 91, 410, 412, 428, 432, 447, 548, 715, 731–732, 735–736; possible objectives in Western Hemisphere, 69
- Hitler, Adolf. See Hitler, Adolf.
- Hungary, relations with: General, 55–56, 647, 717–718; Horthy’s visit to Germany, question of, 629, 630; pressure on Hungary, and Nazi movement in, 66, 530, 531, 547, 549, 556
- Internal political situation: Analyses, 18–19, 62, 74, 99, 548, 572; general, 16, 23–24, 138–139, 608; National Socialist Party, 62, 99, 475, 542, 553
- Italy, relations with: Austrian annexation, situation arising from, 12, 52, 54, 400, 401, 404, 408, 426, 428, 429, 431, 450–451, 460; Berlin–Rome Axis, 38, 54, 71, 72, 91, 92, 112, 117, 163, 404, 450–451, 460, 573; conflict of interests in southeastern Europe, 717–718, 731–732; general, 23, 32, 53, 54, 71–72, 90, 108, 385, 399–400, 600, 715–717; Mediterranean problems, 112, 113, 163
- Japan, aid to, 7–9, 13
- League of Nations, possible return to, 90–91
- Lithuania, relations with, 114
- Luxembourg, relations with, 43, 494
- Memel question, 41, 86, 114, 471, 735
- National Socialist Party, 62, 99, 475, 542, 553
- Netherlands, position toward, 19, 67, 69
- Plebiscite on union with Austria, 465, 476
- Poland, relations with: Corridor question, 41, 471–472, 735; general, 97, 108–109, 110, 496–497, 647, 653, 733, 735–736, 738–739, 816
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 987
- Rearmament, 13, 58, 70, 73, 91, 510, 598–599, 617
- Refugee problem. See Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Rumania, relations with, 66, 68, 69, 82, 106, 413, 553, 559
- Soviet Union, relations with: Expansion policy of Germany in eastern Europe, 66–67, 69, 410, 548, 739; general, 86, 92, 106, 412, 500, 558; German-Czechoslovak crisis, 557, 559, 562–563
- Spanish Civil War. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Turkey, loan to, 89, 91
- United Kingdom, relations with. See under United Kingdom.
- Vatican, concordat with, 475
- Whaling agreement (1937) and protocol amending (June 24), 948, 953–954, 957
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 66, 68, 413, 553, 559
- Gibraltar, 11
- Great Britain. See United Kingdom.
- Greatend incident, 199
- Greece, 68, 74, 75–76, 345–346
- Guatemala, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 726, 746, 754–755, 757, 846
- Haiti, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 757, 834, 841
- Heard Island, 975
- Hitler, Adolf (see also under Austria; and under German-Czechoslovak crisis: Germany): Analysis of foreign policies, 14–15, 17–18, 34, 42, 61–72, 93, 714–715, 716–720, 725–726; Army, relationship with, 20, 23, 61, 62, 87, 419; Chamberlain, exchange of messages with and personal relationship, 621, 646, 655, 667, 668, 669, 672; evaluation of personality and popular reaction to his policies, 34, 86, 88, 94, 462–463, 732–733; exchange of messages with President Roosevelt, 657–658, 669–672; visit to Rome and relationship with Mussolini, 48, 53, 54, 715, 717
- Honduras, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 832, 835, 842
- Hungary:
- Czechoslovakia, question of Hungarian minorities in: Closing of frontier and military measures, 640, 653, 666–667; Hitler’s position on, 646, 647, 655–656; Hungarian demands for concessions, 95, 96, 522, 530, 547, 614, 621, 629, 630, 631, 633, 634, 637, 647, 664–665, 666, 700, 717–718, 723; Slovakia, question of, 55, 56, 664–665, 687, 717–718, 720, 723
- Germany, relations with: General, 55–56, 647, 717–718; German pressure and Nazi movement in, 66, 530, 531, 547, 549, 556; Horthy’s visit to Germany, question of, 629, 630
- Poland, question of common frontier with, 94, 97, 651, 664–665, 718, 730
- Refugees from, and Jewish problem, 742, 778
- Rumania, minorities in, 82
- Situation analyzed, 55–56, 719, 731
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 56
- Iceland, 753
- India, 77–78, 79
- Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees. See under Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- International Red Cross. See under Spanish Civil War: Red Cross.
- Iran, 81
- Iraq, 79, 726
- Ireland, 752, 948
- Italy:
- Armament: Naval escalation question, 892; rearmament, 58, 91
- Austrian annexation by Germany, attitude toward. See under Austria.
- Brazil, relations with, 600
- Ethiopia, recognition by various countries of Italian conquest, question of, 10–11, 17, 26, 30, 38–39, 52, 119, 121, 122–123, 124, 133–134, 135, 139–140, 145–146, 148, 159, 243, 397, 431, 488
- France, relations with. See under France.
- German-Czechoslovak crisis. See under German-Czechoslovak crisis.
- Germany, relations with. See under Germany.
- Internal political situation and economic factors, 3, 63, 71–72, 87, 91, 129
- International situation and policies: General, 90–91, 92, 163, 450–451, 572–573, 623, 718, 731–732, 739; Mediterranean position and claims, 11, 38, 112, 113, 123, 135, 138, 142, 143, 163
- Japan, military aid to, 7–9
- London Naval Treaty (1936), question of accession to, 140, 142, 144
- Mussolini, Benito: Attitude and general policies, 3, 12, 21, 34, 82, 90; Munich agreement, rôle in arranging, 688–689, 692, 694, 724, 725, 727–729; President Roosevelt’s messages to, 677, 699, 701–702, 703–704, 858–859
- Press attacks in United States, 9–10
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 980
- Rearmament, 58, 91
- Refugee problem: Attitude toward, 741, 858, 885–886; resettlement plan in Ethiopia, 859–860; President Roosevelt’s message to Mussolini, 858–859
- Sino-Japanese conflict, position toward, 7–9
- Spanish Civil War. See under Spanish Civil War.
- United Kingdom, relations with. See under United Kingdom.
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 413, 432, 731
- Vatican, antagonism toward, 63
- Jews (see also
Anti-Semitism; Refugees from
Germany and Austria):
- American reaction to treatment of, 444, 523
- Argentina, Jewish problem in, 786, 847
- Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees: Distinction between Jews and non-Jews avoided by, 804, 805, 806; Jewish problem seen as international problem by, 872
- Palestine, immigration problem, 99–100, 752, 765–766, 775, 778–779, 853
- Paraguay, Jewish immigration in, 846, 861–862
- Poland, Jewish problem in, 97, 778–780, 835, 854
- Japan:
- Armament limitation, refusal to furnish information on construction of naval vessels in excess of limits provided by London Naval Treaty (1936), 891–905 passim, 910, 913–914
- Canton, protests on bombing of, 206–207
- Germany, military aid from, 13
- International Agreement for Regulation of Whaling (1937) and protocol amending (June 24), question of accession to, 949, 957 Italy, military aid from, 7—9
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 978–979, 981–982
- Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928), 520–521, 658, 663–664, 695, 710
- Kenya, resettlement of refugees in, 821, 831
- Latvia, 77
- League of Nations:
- Commission to investigate withdrawal of volunteers from Spain, 241, 242, 244–245, 250, 253, 342, 343–344
- Conference to consider amendments to the Convention for Facilitating the International Circulation of Films of an Educational Character, 966–967
- Decision to postpone meeting of Bureau of the Disarmament Conference, 887–890
- Efforts to promote commercial access to raw materials, 919–924
- Ethiopia, question of recognition of Italian conquest of, 52, 134, 139–140, 145–146, 148
- Possibility of German and Italian return to, 90–91
- Protection of civilian population against air bombing in case of war, question of, 888–889
- Refugee problem:
- Germany and Austria: Relationship between Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees and High Commissioner’s Office, 747, 749, 756, 763–764, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 822, 825, 853, 868–869, 870–871, 884, 885; submission of Evian meeting agenda by United States, 750
- Sudeten area, question of protecting, 804
- Spanish Civil War, relief questions and Bray–Webster report, 375–378, 379–380, 382–383
- Soviet attitude toward, 42
- Spanish delegation at, 237
- Lebanon, 76–77
- Libya, defortification demanded by United Kingdom, 17, 123, 135, 140, 144
- Lindbergh, Col. Charles A., 72–73
- Lithuania, 41, 114, 465
- Little Entente, 4, 56, 545, 549
- London Naval Treaty (1936), protocol signed by United States, France, and United Kingdom June 30 amending naval escalator clause, 891–917
- Luxembourg: Integrity, search for guarantee of, 43; Nazi propaganda in, 43, 494; refugees from Germany, attitude regarding, 750, 751, 847–849
- Madagascar, 851
- Malta, 11
- “Manchoukuo,” Italian recognition of, 8
- Mediterranean area: Anglo-Italian agreement (1937), 140, 144; Anglo-Italian agreement of Apr. 16, problems arising from negotiations leading to, 11, 123, 135, 138, 142, 143; effect on German-Italian relations, 112, 113, 163; U. S. circular inquiring as to situation in event of war in various Mediterranean countries, and answers to, 74, 75–77, 78, 80–81
- Memel, 41, 86, 114, 471, 735
- Mexico: Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 984–985; refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 757, 841; sale of arms to Spanish Loyalists, 150
- Minorities (see also German-Czechoslovak crisis: Minority problems): German minorities in Italy, 54; Hungarian minorities in Rumania, 82; situation in Rumania, 5–6
- Morocco, 80–81
- Moslem League, 78
- Munich agreement (Sept. 26). See under German-Czechoslovak crisis.
- Mussolini, Benito: Attitude and general policy, 3, 12, 21, 34, 82, 90; Chamberlain’s message to, 688; Munich meeting, rôle in arranging, 688–689, 692, 694, 724, 725, 727–729; President Roosevelt’s messages to, 677, 701–702, 703–704, 858–859
- Nantucket Chief incident, 265–266, 267–272
- Naval armament. See London Naval Treaty.
- Netherlands:
- German position toward, 19, 67, 69
- Refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 741, 746, 749, 779, 782, 821, 826, 850, 852–853, 866–868, 875
- Rubber regulation agreement (1934): Consultations with United States on proposed revision, 927–928, 931–934; question of exporting rubber plants, 933, 935
- Neutrality Act, 368, 375, 639
- New Caledonia, 851
- New Zealand, 130, 741, 746, 957
- Nicaragua, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 834
- Northern Rhodesia, 831
- Norway: Refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 741, 746, 749; Whaling Conference (June 12-24), 947–948, 951–952, 957
- Pacific Islands incidents, 130
- Palestine: General situation in, 80, 99–100, 140; Jewish immigration, 99–100, 752, 765–766, 775, 778–779, 853
- Panama, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 757, 846, 861–862
- Paraguay, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 746, 749, 757, 846, 861–862
- Peace, United States proposal for international action to promote world peace, 115–132
- Peru: Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 982–983; refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 757, 842; Spanish Civil War, attitude toward, 241
- Philippine Islands, 869–870
- Poland (see also under
German-Czechoslovak crisis):
- Danzig, question of, 86, 93, 471, 735
- France, relations with, 4, 83, 109–110, 637–638, 651, 653
- Germany, relations with: Corridor question, 41, 471–472, 735; general, 41, 97, 108–109, 110, 471–472, 496–497, 647, 653, 733, 735–736, 738–739, 816
- Hungary, question of common frontier with, 94, 97, 651, 664–665, 718, 730
- International position, analysis of, 4, 34, 35, 495–498, 731
- Jewish problem in, 97, 778–780, 835, 854
- Lithuania, relations with, 41, 465
- Memel question, 41, 86, 114, 471, 735
- Refugees, attitude toward problem of, 742, 783, 816, 835–836, 854
- Soviet Union, relations with: General, 92, 97, 108–109, 110, 507; question of Soviet troops crossing Polish territory to aid Czechoslovakia, 59, 492, 496, 502, 507, 523, 555, 556, 564
- United Kingdom, relations with, 111, 653, 662, 914
- Polish Corridor, question concerning, 41, 471–472, 735
- Portugal, 81, 767–768, 782
- Private Air Law, Fourth International (Diplomatic) Conference on, Brussels (Sept. 19–30), U. S. participation in, 965
- Protection of Americans and other nationals (see also under Spanish Civil War): German-Czechoslovak crisis, 590, 602, 604, 624–625, 634, 635–636; Mediterranean area, 74, 76–77, 78, 79, 80, 81
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic correspondence within less than fifteen
years, question of, 976–987
- Hearings before Sub-Committee of the House Appropriations Committee and criticism of alleged delay in publication, 976–977
- U. S. requests for views of certain governments, 976–979
- Views and attitudes of Argentina, 983; Brazil, 979–980; Chile, 980–981; France, 986–987; Germany, 987; Italy, 980; Japan, 981–982; Mexico, 984–985; Peru, 982–983; Soviet Union, 985; United Kingdom, 978, 984, 986
- Radio Conference. See Telecommunications.
- Rearmament programs and problems in various countries: France, 64, 73, 103–104, 105, 177, 493, 501–502, 510, 598–599, 611, 617, 712; Germany, 13, 58, 70, 510; Italy, 58, 91; Soviet strength discussed, 67, 73, 109, 494, 502, 564; United Kingdom, 13, 58, 64, 73, 447, 493–494, 510, 632, 726
- Red Cross. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Red Sea, 140
- Refugees from Germany and Austria, 740–886
- Committees to facilitate emigration (see also Inter-Governmental Committee, infra): National Committee on Refugees (U. S.), 743–744, 745; President’s Advisory Committee on Political Refugees, 849, 851, 855, 861, 865, 866
- Countries of final settlement:
- American Republics, U. S. appeal and replies, 833, 836–839, 841–842, 846
- Attitudes and plans of various political and geographical areas: Argentina, 784, 786, 791, 847; Bolivia, 842; Brazil, 841, 852, 880–881; British Commonwealth, 104–105, 763, 777, 785, 797–798, 804, 821, 825, 828, 829–831, 834, 855, 861, 870, 882; British Guiana, 105, 827, 831, 853, 855, 861, 866, 868, 870; Colombia, 754, 841; Costa Rica, 842; Cuba, 842; Dominican Republic, 764—765, 773–774, 781, 841, 849; Ecuador, 842, 861, 866; Ethiopia, 859–860; French colonies, 851; Guatemala, 846; Haiti, 846; Honduras, 832, 835, 842; Latin America, 760–761, 772, 773, 821, 823, 825, 828, 834, 836–838, 863; Mexico, 841; Nicaragua, 834; Palestine, 99–100, 752, 765–766, 775, 778–779, 853; Paraguay, 846, 861–862; Peru, 842; Philippines, 869–870; Surinam, 852; Uruguay, 754, 842; Venezuela, 754, 842
- Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees, negotiations by, 760–761, 771, 772, 777, 797–798, 816, 818, 821–822, 823, 826, 828, 833, 837, 861–862, 881–882
- Countries of temporary refuge:
- Documents, question of, 748, 756
- Emigration Committee, 865–866
- Evian meeting to form Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees (July 6–15), 740–757
- Financial problems:
- Evian resolution, 756
- General, 782–783, 815–816, 817, 829, 863, 864
- Private charitable organizations and government financing, 740–741, 818–819, 826, 851
- Resettlement fund, U. S. proposal for creation of, 878–880
- Transfer of emigrants’ capital from Germany, question of: Bank for International Settlements as transfer agency, 766, 776, 818; discussions and proposals, 105, 760, 765–766, 774–776, 782–783, 789–790, 790–791, 793, 809–813, 816–819, 821–822, 823, 827–828, 851–852, 860, 865, 871, 874–875, 878–880, 886; German request for foreign trade increase as medium for, 789–791, 809–813, 817–818; international loan on Jewish property in Germany, question of, 852; possible permission to refugees to acquire in Germany supplies for resettlement, 860, 879, 886; Schacht plan, 871, 873–874, 874–877, 883, 886
- France:
- Germany (see also
Financial problems: Transfer of emigrants’ capital, supra;
and under
Inter-Governmental Committee, infra):
- Consultations with France, 851–852, 854–855, 860, 862–863, 871–873; with United Kingdom, 815–816
- Evian meeting, question of invitation to, 746–747
- General attitude toward problem, 746–747, 753–754, 762, 783, 793–794, 824, 864, 886
- Potential number of emigrants from, 762
- U. S. interest in negotiations between Germany and Inter-Governmental Committee, 796–803, 814–815, 824, 840–841, 842–844, 856–857
- Immigration laws: General, 748, 756, 821; United States, 762, 768, 781, 821, 830, 847–849, 850, 866–867
- Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees (see also
Evian meeting, supra;
and under
Countries of final settlement, supra):
- Budget, 782
- Germany, negotiations with: General approach to, 760, 761–762, 769, 772, 782, 785, 792–794, 800–801, 801–802, 865, 868–869, 882–883; possible transfer of emigrants’ capital, 760, 765–766, 774–776, 789–790, 790–791, 793, 809–813, 816–819, 821–822, 823, 827–828, 871, 874–875, 880; projected visit to Berlin of Committee’s director, 800–802, 803, 814–816, 820, 822–825, 832, 841, 843–844, 860, 864–865, 882–883; unofficial meeting planned outside Germany, 839–840, 843–844, 845, 846, 856–857, 860, 862
- International Labour Office, cooperation with, 756
- League High Commissioner for Refugees, relationship to, 747, 749–750, 763–764, 769, 770, 772–773, 774, 822, 825, 853, 868–869, 870–871, 884, 885
- Meetings and officers, 758–759, 767, 780–783, 802, 820–827 passim, 833–834, 836, 837, 850–854, 883
- Membership, 757, 759; Polish request to join, 835–836, 854; Portugal, question of invitation to, 782
- Organization, procedure, scope, and achievements, 745–750, 756–757, 761, 764, 769, 797–798, 822, 823, 825, 831, 859, 881–885
- Sudeten refugees, question of, 803–809
- U. S. attitude toward, 823, 825, 870–871, 883–884
- Italy: Attitude toward problem, 741, 858, 885–886; resettlement plan in Ethiopia, 859–860; President Roosevelt’s message to Mussolini, 858–859
- Latin America, negotiations for resettlement by United States and Inter-Governmental Committee, 760–761, 772, 773, 821, 823, 825, 828, 834, 836–838, 863
- League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees:
- Netherlands, problems regarding and temporary admission to, 779, 782, 821, 826, 850, 852–853, 866–868, 875
- Poland, attitude toward, 742, 783, 816, 835–836, 854
- Rumania, problem in, 742–743, 778
- Soviet Union, attitude toward, 742
- Sudeten area, question of, 803–809
- United Kingdom:
- British Commonwealth, resettlement plans and problems, 104–105, 763, 777, 785, 797–798, 804, 821, 825, 829–831, 833–834, 855, 861, 870
- Consultations with France, 851, 854–855, 872; with Germany, 815–816; with United States, 740–741, 745, 748–749, 801–802, 827–829, 829–831, 833–834, 839–840, 845, 857
- Exchange of messages between President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Chamberlain, 791–792, 794–795, 796–797
- General attitude and activities, 793, 796–797, 798, 802–806, 821, 823, 825, 827–828, 852, 853, 875, 882
- Inter-Governmental Committee, attitude toward, 822, 825, 839–840, 869, 884
- Refugees in Spain. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Rhodesia, Northern, 831
- Roosevelt, Franklin D. (President):
- Anglo-Italian agreement (April 16), statement regarding, 147–148
- German-Czechoslovak crisis: Appeal of democratic Sudeten Germans, 721; appeal of President Beneš of Czechoslovakia, 650; attitudes, proposals and steps considered, 510–512, 514, 520, 568, 605, 625–626, 638–639, 642, 675–676, 701; Hitler, exchange of messages with, and comments on, 657–658, 659, 669–672, 678–679, 680, 684–685, 686, 724, 725, 727; messages to chiefs of state, replies and comments, 661–664, 667–668, 675, 686, 687–688, 695–696; Mussolini, message to, 677, 699, 701–702, 703–704
- Proposal for international action to promote world peace, 115–132
- Refugees from Germany and Austria, problem of: Attitude and steps, 742, 830, 851, 859–860, 886; exchange of messages with Chamberlain, 791–792, 794–795, 796–797; message to Mussolini, 858–859; proposal for creation of Inter-Governmental Committee on Political Refugees, 740, 749, 823
- Spanish Civil War, possible rôle in, 255, 364, 367
- Rothschild, Anthony de, 861, 865–866
- Rubber regulation agreement (1934), question of revision of, 925–939
- Rumania:
- Austrian situation, attitude toward, 414, 448
- France, relations with, 4, 5–6, 42, 106
- German-Czechoslovak crisis: Attitude toward, 42, 56, 82, 94–95, 653, 665; question of Soviet troops crossing Rumanian territory to aid Czechoslovakia, 42, 59, 413, 492, 502, 507–508, 583, 587, 615, 653
- Germany, relations with, 66, 68, 69, 82, 106, 413, 553, 559
- Hungarian minorities in Rumania, 82
- Internal situation and Jewish minorities problem, 1–2, 4–5, 82, 742–743, 778
- Soviet Union, question of troops crossing Rumanian territory to aid Czechoslovakia, 42, 59, 413, 492, 502, 507–508, 583, 587, 615, 653
- United Kingdom, relations with, 5–6, 106, 547
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 82
- Ruthenia, 522, 723
- Sanitary Conference, International, Paris (Oct. 28–31), U. S. participation in, 960–964
- Schuschnigg, Kurt von. See under Austria.
- Siam, 926
- Sino-Japanese conflict: Anglo-French-American consultations and views, 31, 59, 95, 99, 104, 105, 206–207; Italian and German help to Japan, 7–9, 13; Soviet position, 42, 59
- Slovakia, 55, 56, 664–665, 687, 717–718, 720, 723
- Soviet Union (see also under
German-Czechoslovak crisis):
- Annexation of Austria by Germany, reaction to, 446, 465
- France, relations with: General, 6, 58–59, 109, 556; mutual assistance pact (1935), 83, 106, 412, 634
- Germany, relations with: Expansion policy of Germany in eastern Europe, 66–67, 69, 410, 548, 739; general, 86, 92, 106, 412, 500, 558
- International position and views, 6, 41–42, 90, 92, 412, 558, 695–697
- Jewish question in, 739
- Military questions: Naval armament problems, 908, 910, 912, 914; purges of army officers and civilian leaders, 58; reduction and limitation of armament, position on, 91; strength of Army and Air Force discussed, 67, 73, 109, 494, 502, 564
- Poland, relations with: General, 92, 97, 108–109, 110, 507; question of Soviet troops crossing Polish territory to aid Czechoslovakia, 59, 492, 496, 502, 507, 523, 555, 556, 564
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 985
- Refugee question, 742
- Sino-Japanese conflict, attitude toward, 42, 59
- Spanish Civil War: Armament to Loyalists, 150, 177, 191, 192, 357; withdrawal of volunteers, attitude toward, 189, 219, 220
- Ukraine, possible German drive for, 106, 114, 739
- United Kingdom, naval agreements with, 908, 910, 914
- Spanish Civil War, 149–383
- Air operations. See under Military operations, infra.
- Airplanes and other armament (see
also
Enforcement, infra):
- Canada, question of transshipments through, 348–351, 353, 354, 355, 358–362
- Foreign arms captured by Nationalists, list of, 362–363
- France, shipments from and transshipments through, 177, 192–193, 212, 277, 351–352
- German and Italian arms to Insurgents, 30, 161, 162–163, 167–168, 193, 240, 277, 347–348
- Greece, shipment through, 345–346
- Mexican arms sales to Loyalists, 150
- Soviet aid to Loyalists, 150, 177, 191, 192, 357
- Turkey, question of rôle of, 348–351, 353, 354, 355
- American Red Cross activities: Refugee problem, 367, 368–371, 373, 374, 375, 377–378, 381; repatriation of American volunteers, 280, 281, 288–289, 320
- Armistice efforts and proposals, 211–213, 215, 225, 226, 235, 238–239, 255
- Aviators in exchange for prisoners, 254–255, 285, 301–302, 322–323
- Balearic Islands: British request for Italian withdrawal from, 139, 142, 163, 193; Italian and German air bases in, 168, 200–201
- Barcelona, bombing of, 154–156, 165–167, 200–201
- Belgium, attitude toward, 258–259, 260
- Belligerent rights, question of granting, and position of various countries, 30, 99, 104, 106, 189, 220, 222–223, 253–254, 256–257, 258
- Blockade, 30, 222–223
- Bolivia, attitude toward, 241
- Canada, transshipment of planes through, 348–351, 353, 354, 358–362
- Casualties: Civilians, from air raids, 154, 159, 165–166, 195, 201, 203; American, 277; Insurgent, 238; Italian, 247–248
- Civilian population (see also Refugees, infra): Casualties from air raids, 154, 159, 165–166, 195, 201, 203; ruthless bombing by Insurgents and Anglo-French-American protests, 16, 154–157, 165–167, 200–217 passim
- Claims by foreign nationals against Loyalist Government, 262, 296–297, 310–311, 320
- Contraband question, 211
- Cuban offer of good offices and truce proposal, 149, 225
- Enforcement of U. S. restrictions against sending American airplanes and other war materials to Spain, 345–363
- Fernandez case, 263, 266, 272–273, 316, 321, 327–328, 329–330
- France:
- Evacuation and repatriation through France of American volunteers and freed prisoners, attitude toward, 305–306, 307, 308, 314, 323–324, 333, 334–335, 336, 344–345
- Frontier with Spain, control of, 30, 184, 185, 189–191, 198–199, 229–230, 232, 236, 238
- General position and views, 26, 28, 30, 39–40, 59, 83, 152–153, 156, 164–165, 168, 175–176, 177, 185–186, 189, 251, 257
- Reaction to ruthless bombing, 16, 155–156, 200–201, 211
- Refusal to deliver to Loyalists Spanish gold deposits in Paris, 232–233
- Transshipment of armament, question of, 177, 192–193, 212, 277, 351–352
- Franco government:
- Blockade question, 30, 222–223
- British protests for bombing British ships, 57, 211, 215–216, 222–223, 231
- Constitution of government, 155
- General position and attitude, 181, 203–204, 226, 240–241, 340, 556
- German and Italian military aid to, 30, 161, 162–163, 167–168, 193, 235–236, 238, 277, 347–348
- Internal situation and dissensions, 236–237, 246–247, 256
- Portugal, declaration of friendship with, 81
- Refugee problem, attitude toward, 370, 372–373
- Relations with United States: Missing American prisoners, inquiries concerning, 302–304; Nantucket Chief incident, 264–272; reciprocal consular representation, problem of, 170–171, 178, 188, 197–198, 217–218, 220–221, 295, 297–298; recognition of Burgos government, question of, 328; release of American prisoners, question of, 328–329, 330–331
- Withdrawal of volunteers, question of, and Hemming Commission efforts, 99, 236, 243–244, 249, 254–255, 256
- Friends of Abraham Lincoln Brigade, 277, 278, 282, 286, 288, 289, 292, 293, 294, 304–307, 309, 319, 322, 328, 343, 344
- Germany: Aid to Insurgents, 26, 161, 162–163, 167–168, 181, 193, 240, 347–348; general position and views, 96, 112, 113–114, 179–180, 189
- Greece, shipment of airplanes through, 345–346
- Incidents: Dellwyn, 231; Greatend, 199; Nantucket Chief, 264–272
- Italy (see also under Volunteers: Withdrawal, infra): Aid to Insurgents, 26, 30, 72, 159, 162–163, 167–168, 181, 193, 235–236, 238, 247–248, 250, 252, 347–348; general position and views, 11, 30, 40, 135, 137, 139, 189, 208–209
- League of Nations:
- Loyalist Government:
- Armistice, attitude toward, 225, 226, 235, 238–239, 255
- Communism in, 152, 169, 233
- Diplomatic relations and problems, 150–151, 151–152, 159–161, 166, 170, 231, 255, 258–259, 274
- Foreign aid to, 26, 30, 59, 150, 168, 177, 191, 192–193, 212, 277, 351–352, 356–357, 361
- Foreign claims against, 262, 296–297, 310–311, 320
- French refusal to deliver to Loyalists Spanish gold deposits in Paris, 232–233
- Political developments, governmental reorganization, and party politics: Anarchists, 168, 169, 173; Communists, 152, 169, 233; general, 168, 174, 176, 181–183, 233–234, 237, 245, 246, 253, 254; Popular Front, 173, 174; Socialist Party, 233; Syndicalists, 168–169
- Prosecution of war, declarations on, 172, 173, 174, 179
- Protests against U. S. arms embargo, 150, 179, 180–181, 183, 184, 194, 196
- Refugees, efforts to relieve, 364–369, 376–377, 379–380
- Withdrawal of volunteers, demands for, and attitude toward British plan, 224–225, 228–229, 230–231, 243–244, 245, 246, 250, 251, 253, 255, 341
- Mediation: Consultations and efforts by various countries, 94, 149, 175–176, 211–213, 215, 226, 245, 246, 258; Lima Conference, appeal to and offer of, 114, 255, 258, 260, 261; possible U. S. rôle, 48, 149, 152–153, 161, 225, 227, 255, 258, 260
- Military operations:
- Air: Bombing of British ships, 57, 199, 211, 215–216, 222–223, 231; British-Swedish-Norwegian commission to examine scene of air raids, 221, 222; casualties, 154, 195, 201, 203; Insurgents’ ruthless bombings and Anglo-French-American protests against, 16, 154–157, 165–167, 200–217 passim; Loyalist Government policy on, 157, 221–222; Vatican efforts to restrain, 167, 200, 209
- Ground: Aragon and Catalonia front, 164, 167, 169, 172, 176, 187, 209, 233, 237, 252–253; Estremadura front, 233, 237; Loyalist offensive against Teruel, 149–150, 229; Nationalist offensives and claims, 162–163, 251, 273, 298
- Naval: General, 158, 162, 186, 190; Nantucket Chief incident, 264–272
- Non-intervention (see also
Volunteers: Withdrawal, infra):
- International Committee: Activities and position of, 57, 144, 154, 156, 168, 220, 227, 229, 230, 256; control of frontiers and ports, question of, 184, 185, 186; withdrawal of Sweden and Belgium from, 259–260
- Policy of various countries on, 164, 167, 168, 169, 175, 191–192, 222–223
- U. S. policy: Arms embargo and enforcement of restrictions, 175, 184–185, 194, 345–363; extension of credit to relief organizations without violating Neutrality Act, question of, 368–369, 374–375; general, 48, 194–195, 227, 242
- Nyon agreement (1937), 158, 222
- Prisoners:
- American, held by Insurgents: Negotiations for exchange, 285, 301–302, 309, 311–312, 315–316, 318, 322–323, 327–334 passim, 340, 341, 342; inquiries concerning, 221, 283, 295, 297–298, 302–304
- Commission for exchange of nonmilitary prisoners: Proposals for, 286, 291–292; work of Chetwode Commission, 301–302, 318, 321, 324–325, 339–341
- Protection of lives and property of Americans and other nationals (see also Prisoners, supra; Volunteers: Withdrawal, infra), 262–345
- Red Cross:
- Refugees, efforts for relief of, 364–383
- Regional autonomy problem, 234, 237
- Soviet Union: Arms to Loyalists, 150, 177, 191, 192, 357; withdrawal of volunteers, attitude toward, 189, 219, 220
- United Kingdom (see also
Volunteers: Withdrawal: British plan, infra):
- Armistice plan, 211–213, 215
- Balearic Islands, request for Italian withdrawal from, 139, 142, 163, 193
- Chamberlain’s policy, 249, 252, 257
- Exchange of prisoners: Activities on behalf of, 286, 291–292; Chetwode Commission, 301–302, 318, 321, 324–325, 339–341
- Loyalist Government, relations with, 231, 255
- Position and policies, 59, 99, 105–106, 151, 154–155, 164–165, 191, 202, 224
- Protests and steps against bombing by Insurgents of British ships, 57, 199, 211, 215–216, 222–223, 231; of civilians in unfortified places, 154–155, 166–167, 200–201, 205–206, 207–211, 213–215, 216–217
- Vatican, possible mediation and efforts to restrain aerial bombing, 152, 167, 200, 209, 255
- Volunteers:
- American (see also Withdrawal, infra): American Red Cross, repatriation activities, 280, 281, 288–289, 320; captured by Insurgents, 273, 275, 283, 323; Emergency Committee for American Wounded from Spain, 306; estimated number, 282, 283, 300, 342; evacuation and repatriation problems, 274–284, 287–294, 296, 298, 299–300, 304–307, 308, 312–315, 317, 319, 324, 326, 333–339, 343–344, 345; exchange of prisoners, 285, 301–302, 309, 316, 322–323, 327–334 passim, 340, 341, 342; French attitude concerning repatriation through France, 305–306, 307, 308, 314, 323–324, 333, 334–335, 336, 344–345; Friends of Abraham Lincoln Brigade, 277–278, 282, 286, 288, 289, 292, 293, 294, 304–307, 309, 319, 322, 328, 343, 344
- Census: Figures on foreign effectives, 181; general, 185, 186, 189, 198–199, 201–202, 219–220, 225; League Commission to check number, 343–344
- Financial questions, 225, 337
- German, 162, 167, 181
- Italian, 167, 181, 235–236, 238, 247–248, 250, 252
- Withdrawal:
- British plan: Agreement on (1937), by International Committee on Non-intervention, 183, 185, 186, 188–189; attitudes of various nations, 190–191, 199, 205; financial problems of, 199, 201–202, 220; Franco government reaction, and efforts of Hemming Commission in Burgos, 99, 236, 243–244, 249, 254–255, 256; League Commission to supervise withdrawal, 241, 242, 244–245, 250, 253, 342, 343–344; Loyalist acceptance and plans for execution, 224–225, 228–229, 230–231, 243–244, 245, 246, 250, 251, 253, 255, 341; revision of British plan adopted July 5 by Nonintervention Subcommittee, 99, 198–199, 201–202, 205, 212, 219–220, 224–225, 234, 249
- Italy: Effect of volunteers’ withdrawal on Anglo-Italian negotiations and agreement, 17, 30, 88, 94, 142, 144–145, 159, 193, 202, 209, 212, 215, 219, 224, 228, 243, 244, 247, 248, 565; intentions and Loyalist accusations, 190–191, 243, 247, 248, 249, 250–251
- Wounded, 277, 278, 279, 280, 289, 306
- Sudeten area. See under German-Czechoslovak crisis.
- Suez Canal, 113
- Surinam, 852
- Sweden, 259–260, 741, 746, 749
- Switzerland, 741, 746, 749
- Syria, 76–77
- Tanganyika, 105
- Tangier, 80, 81
- Telecommunications Conferences, Cairo (Feb. 1–Apr. 8), U. S. participation in, 959
- Teschen district, 35, 111, 494, 496, 522, 555, 630, 637–638, 639, 651, 660, 662, 664–665, 687, 718
- Tin regulation, interest of United States in buffer-stock scheme, 940–946
- Trade agreements between United States and other countries, 22, 136, 486
- Trade agreements program, 21–22, 129
- Treaties, conventions, etc.:
- Anglo-German naval agreement (1935), 95, 97
- Anglo-Italian agreement (Apr. 16). See under United Kingdom: Italy.
- Anglo-Italian Mediterranean agreement (1937), 140, 144
- Anti-Comintern Pact (1937), 7, 137, 404
- Austro-German agreement (1936), 17, 386–388, 390, 391, 392, 400, 401, 405
- Czechoslovakia–Soviet Union, mutual assistance agreement (1935), 412, 498, 541, 633
- Employment at sea, ratification of conventions between United States and other members of International Labour Organization, 971
- Films of an educational character, procès-verbal (Sept. 12) amending convention for facilitating international circulation of (1933), 966–970
- Franco-German agreement (Dec. 6), 105, 107–108
- Franco-Italian protocol on Tunisia (1935), 47
- Franco-Soviet mutual assistance agreement (1935), 83, 106, 412, 634
- German - Czechoslovak arbitration treaty (1925), 629
- Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928), 520–521, 658, 663–664, 695, 710
- London Naval Treaty (1936), protocol (June 30) providing for naval escalation under. See London Naval Treaty.
- Minority rights treaty (1919), 5
- Munich agreement (Sept. 29). See under German - Czechoslovak crisis.
- Nyon agreement (1937), 158, 222
- Polish-German non-aggression agreement (1934), 109, 110
- Rubber regulation agreement (1934). See Rubber regulation agreement, interest in revision of.
- Sanitary convention (1926), modified Oct. 31, 960, 964
- Sugar regulation agreement (1937), 923
- Telecommunications convention (1932), 959
- Tin agreements (1931, 1933, 1937), 940n
- Tripartite financial stabilization agreement (1936), 64–65
- Versailles, Treaty of (1919), 601, 760
- Whaling protocol (June 24). See under Whaling Conference, International.
- Tunisia, 47, 53, 78
- Turkey, 75, 778; armaments to Spain, question of shipment through Canada, 348–351, 353, 354, 355; German loan to, 89, 91
- Ukraine, 106, 114, 739
- Union of South Africa, 957
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See Soviet Union.
- United Kingdom:
- Armament (see also Rearmament, infra), naval armament escalation, attitude toward, 892–894, 900–901, 904–905, 908–915
- Austrian annexation by Germany. See Austria: Anglo-French representations and United Kingdom.
- Chamberlain, Neville. See Chamberlain, Neville.
- Far East, position in, 13–14, 15, 31
- France, relations with (see also Austria: Anglo-French representations; German-Czechoslovak crisis: Anglo-French cooperation): General, 28, 29, 45, 47, 50–51, 51–52, 100, 101, 103, 572; refugees, 851, 854–855, 872; Sino-Japanese conflict, 31, 59, 95, 99, 104, 105, 206–207; Spanish Civil War problems, 59, 164–165, 257
- General European problems, exchange of views with United States, 40, 85–86, 96–97, 121, 122–123
- German-Czechoslovak crisis. See under German-Czechoslovak crisis.
- Germany, relations with:
- Greece, relations with, 76
- Italy, relations with:
- Anglo-Italian agreement (Apr. 16),
133–148
- Content and exchange of notes, 143–145, 191
- General negotiations for, 11, 32, 34, 38–39, 46, 52, 86, 121, 124–125, 132, 135, 138, 139–141, 141–143, 144, 224, 410, 412, 417
- President Roosevelt’s statement, 147–148
- Question of withdrawal of Italian volunteers from Spain hampering entry into force of, 30, 88, 142, 144–145, 159, 193, 202, 209, 212, 215, 219, 224, 228, 243, 244, 247, 248, 249, 565
- Views of various countries on, 29–31, 41, 45, 123, 146–147, 148, 213, 215–216, 408
- Anti-British propaganda, question of, 17, 135, 140, 142, 144, 159, 236
- Efforts to improve, 10, 44, 57, 118–119, 123, 127–128, 135, 136, 137, 144, 158–159
- Ethiopian conquest, question of recognition of, 10–11, 17, 38–39, 52, 119, 133–134, 135, 139–140, 159, 397
- General, 141, 418, 623, 688, 694, 914
- Anglo-Italian agreement (Apr. 16),
133–148
- Japan, consultations on naval armaments with, 893–894
- Poland, relations with, 111, 653, 662, 914
- President Roosevelt’s proposal for international action to promote world peace, views concerning, 115–132
- Publication of U. S. diplomatic papers, views on “fifteen-year gap” question, 978, 984, 986
- Rearmament, 13, 58, 64, 73, 447, 493–494, 510, 632, 666, 726
- Refugees. See under Refugees from Germany and Austria.
- Rubber regulation agreement (1934), consultations with United States on revision of, 925–926, 928–931, 934–938
- Rumania, relations with, 5–6, 106, 547
- Soviet Union, naval agreements with, 908, 910, 914
- Spanish Civil War. See under Spanish Civil War.
- Tin regulation, buffer-stock scheme for, 940–941, 942
- Trade agreement negotiations with United States, 136
- Whaling Conference, International (June 14–24), 947, 954, 957
- Yugoslavia, relations with, 432, 547
- Uruguay, activities regarding refugees from Germany and Austria, 749, 754–755, 757
- Vatican: Austrian annexation by Germany, attitude toward, 458, 474–476; Italy, relations with, 63; Spanish Civil War, possible mediation and efforts to restrain aerial bombing, 152, 167, 200, 209, 255
- Venezuela: Belligerents’ rights problem, 75, 81; refugees from Germany and Austria, activities regarding, 746, 749, 754–755, 757, 842
- War, possibility of (see also under German-Czechoslovak crisis): American circular inquiring as to situation in event of war in various Mediterranean countries, and answers to, 74, 75–77, 78, 80–81; Czechoslovakia–Poland, 664–665; Germany-Poland, 738; Germany–Soviet Union, 4, 67, 90; Japan-Soviet Union, 59; Poland-Soviet Union, 556, 583, 651; Rumania–Soviet Union, 583
- War debts, First World War, status of, 918
- Whaling Conference, International, London (June 14–24), 947–958
- World peace, U. S. proposal for international action to promote, 115–132
- Yugoslavia: Austrian annexation by Germany, views on, 414, 417, 431, 432; Germany, relations with, 66, 68, 413, 553, 559; Hungary, relations with, 56; Italy, relations with, 413, 432, 731; United Kingdom, relations with, 432, 547