Foreign Relations of the United States, The Soviet Union,
1933–1939
Index
- Aaland Islands, 767, 787–788, 974
- Afghanistan, 543
- Agents of foreign principals. See
Registration of agents in United States.
- All-Union Communist Party. See
Communist Party, All-Union.
- American Communist Party, 132–133
- American Consulate General at Moscow, abolition of, 171, 177–178, 180
- American Embassy in Moscow:
- Construction of an Embassy building, U. S.-Soviet inability to
reach satisfactory agreements for:
- Building site, Soviet promises concerning, 60, 64,
72–74, 108, 121
- Efforts of United States to obtain written assurances as
to labor, etc., and Soviet noncooperation, 268–274; text of Soviet reply to U. S. note of
representations, 273–274
- Postponement of construction as technically impossible,
274–277; reallocation of funds for other purposes,
277–278
- U. S. position on question of resumption of plans for
building, 448, 453–454, 627, 628, 631, 632–633, 838–841; Soviet view,
651–652
- Difficulties from Soviet authorities interfering
with proper functioning of (1937–39), 440–457, 624–669, 837–869
- Arrests and disappearances of persons leaving Embassy
building, 660–662; of Soviet employees of
Embassy, 319–320, 375, 392, 400, 494, 631, 635–638
- Construction of an Embassy building in Moscow, 448, 453–454, 627, 628, 631, 632–633, 651–652, 838–841
- Customs control (see also
under
Reciprocity, infra):
- American businessmen, technicians, etc., Soviet
practices in examining plans, charts, diagrams,
etc., 394–396, 397–398, 449–450, 626, 654, 660
- Case of Dr. Rumreich, U. S. Public Health surgeon,
456–457, 658
- Diplomatic and consular personnel, inspection of
baggage and levying of export duties, 442–445, 451–453, 455–457, 629–631, 638–642, 652–653, 656–657, 658–659, 664, 665–667, 855–856
- Diplomatic couriers, question of inspection of
luggage, 837–838, 841–842
- Supplies for Embassy’s use, 664–665, 666–668, 669
- U. S. attitude toward British proposal for joint
protest by Diplomatic Corps against Soviet customs
procedures, 452, 453, 644–645, 655–656
- General situation, 289–291, 317–319, 446–448, 454–455, 529–530, 624–625, 626, 628–629, 633–635, 638–639, 642–644, 646, 647–649, 657–658, 843
- “Informers” among Soviet employees of Embassy, 663
- Local currency for use of Embassy staff, 57–58,
448, 455, 650–651
- Reciprocity in according courtesies, question
of:
- Automobile license plates, 857
- Case of Soviet steamer Kim,
clearance through Panama Canal, 845–846, 847–850, 851, 852–854
- Customs control:
- Case of Dr. Nelson, U. S. Public Health surgeon,
845–846, 846–850, 851, 852–854, 867
- Case of Soviet Vice Consul Zaikin, 857–858, 862–864, 867–868
- General situation and U. S. policy, 850–851, 856, 861, 864–867, 868–869
- Red Army troupe visiting World’s Fair in New
York, 844, 846, 852, 854, 855–856
- Views of President Roosevelt,
868–869
- Soviet employees of Embassy: Arrests and disappearances,
319–320, 375, 392, 400, 494, 631, 635–638; “informers”,
663; resignations due to
apprehension over war situation (Sept.
1939), 854–855
- Soviet Foreign Office, general situation affecting
relations with, 447, 451, 634–635, 649–650, 657
- U. S. efforts to improve situation:
- Application of principle of reciprocity. See
Reciprocity, supra.
- Conversations between U. S. officials and the
Soviet Ambassador or Chargé, 453–456, 624–629, 631–633, 642–643, 645–647, 837–841, 843, 847–850, 862–864; texts
of U. S. memorandum of Jan.
1938 and Soviet memorandum of Apr. 1938, 624–627, 647–654
- Recommendations of Ambassador Davies, 644–645; of Ambassador Steinhardt, 850–852, 856; of
Loy W.
Henderson, 638–642; of
George S.
Messersmith, 643–644
- Representations to Soviet Foreign Office, 666–669, 844–845, 857
- Résumé as of Mar. 28, 1938,
643–644
- Visas for American citizens (including diplomatic
personnel), 389–390, 450–451, 590–591, 626, 628, 653–654, 659, 844–845, 851
- Wiring and microphones in Ambassador’s residence, 441–442, 445–446
- Garage rental increase due to Soviet monetary changes, U. S.
protest, 281–282
- Reduction of personnel:
- Repairs to Embassy quarters (Mokhovaya Building), question of,
843
- American Federation of Labor, 132, 133, 230, 232, 240, 241, 742, 743
- Amtorg Trading Corp. (see also under
Armament control), 68,
77, 92, 94, 95, 98–99, 122, 127, 129, 151, 245, 299, 783, 810, 819–820, 823–824, 862n
, 932, 933
- Anti-foreign campaign in Soviet Union, 374–376, 382, 389–390, 391–394, 398–400, 500–507, 516–517, 530, 534–536, 547–548, 550, 561–562, 565, 645, 658
- Anti-Soviet campaigns in American press, comments of Molotov, 283
-
Appam, case cited, 987–988
- Armament control, efforts by Soviet agencies to purchase war
vessels and war materials in United States, 457–491, 670–708, 869–903
- Aircraft and aircraft engines:
- Contracts and attempts to close contracts with American
firms for purchase of, 462–463, 464, 470–471, 705–706, 892–893, 902–903
- Technical assistance contracts with American firms, 466–467, 473–474; Soviet claims regarding
aviation advancement, 474
- Amtorg Trading Corp. (Soviet agency), activities, 457–458, 460–461, 462, 671,
672–673,
683, 870, 892
- Armor plate for warships, 457–458, 460–461, 462
- Battleships, negotiations of Carp Export and Import
Corp. (Soviet agency) with American firms for purchase of:
- Attitude of American firms (see
also
State Department: Discussions and correspondence with
American firms, infra),
461, 475–476, 478–479, 480–482, 484, 486, 487, 670–671, 676–677, 680–681, 702, 703, 704
- Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., proposed contract with, 465, 469–470, 471–473, 475–485, 487, 488, 490, 670–671, 675, 676–677, 688, 694, 703–704
- Cooperation of State and Navy Departments in
consideration of questions and difficulties involved:
Exchange of views and information, 465–466, 467–469, 472–473, 478–479, 482–483, 491, 670–671, 680, 682, 689–693, 702; joint letter to President
Roosevelt requesting certain policy
decisions, 693, 694–699
- Gibbs & Cox, Inc. (naval architects), proposed
contract with, 480–481, 484, 670–671, 673–677, 679–683, 686, 687, 689–702, 700–708, 869–870, 873
- Interest of Amtorg in negotiations, 672–673, 683
- Military secrets, U. S. policy concerning, 682, 690–691, 695, 698, 699, 700
- Navy Department (see
also
Cooperation of State and Navy
Departments, supra):
Attitude of Secretary and Assistant Secretary, 479, 680, 681, 682, 691; military secrets, policy concerning, 682, 690–691, 695, [Page 1019]
698, 699, 700; prejudice,
alleged, of certain naval officers against commercial
transactions with Soviet Government, 469–470, 472, 481–482, 483, 487, 488–489, 490–491, 676–677, 680–681, 692, 874–875, 880, 884
- New York Shipbuilding Corp., 480–490
passim
- Soviet Government’s attitude toward plans submitted by
Gibbs & Cox following extended negotiations, 706–708, 869–870; revision of plans, 873
- Sperry Gyroscope Co., Inc., fire control apparatus, 481, 483, 487, 676–677
-
Stalin, inquiries in
conversation with U. S. Ambassador Davies, 572–573
- State Department (see
also
Cooperation of State and Navy
Departments, supra):
- Discussions and correspondence with—
- American firms, 469–470, 471–472, 484–485, 679–680, 680–682, 699–700, 703–704
- President Roosevelt,
683–685, 685n
- Soviet agencies, 458–460, 461, 475–476, 480–482, 484–485, 486–488, 490–491, 670, 673–678, 683
- Soviet Ambassador, 489–490, 678–679, 686–689, 693–694, 701–702
- U. S. Embassy in Moscow, 462–463, 466–467, 706–708
- Letters of June 17, 1938,
to Gibbs & Cox and to Soviet Ambassador giving
U. S. decisions, 699–701
- Treaty limitations on battleships, question of,
477–478, 682, 683–685, 685n
, 686–688, 695–696, 699–700, 701
- Summary of negotiations as of Aug.
1937, 476–478; Nov.
1937, 488–489; June
1938, 694–696
- Treaty obligations of United States, question of, 477–478, 682, 683–685, 685n
, 686–688, 695–696, 699–700, 701
- U. S. policy, 458–459, 465–466, 467–469, 476–478, 681, 689, 699–700, 703; texts of
letters to Gibbs & Cox and to Soviet Ambassador, June 17, 1938, 699–701
- Carp Export and Import Corp. (Soviet agency), activities (see also
Battleships, supra,
and
Destroyers, infra),
458–460,
462, 465, 475, 485–486, 671, 704–705, 873–874
- Destroyers, negotiations of Carp Export and Import
Corp. (Soviet agency) with Gibbs & Cox, Inc., for purchase of:
- Military secrets, U. S. policy concerning, 875–876, 877, 878–879, 884, 886, 887–888, 894–895, 897
- Navy Department, position, 874–875, 878–879, 880, 882, 883–884, 884, 891–892, 894–895, 896–899, 900–901; alleged
prejudice of certain naval officers against commercial
transactions with Soviet Government, 874–875, 880, 884
- Ordnance, question of, 874,
879, 886
- Soviet naval mission to United States, 871, 872–873, 875, 876–878, 880–881, 883, 893, 899
- State Department:
- Cooperation with Navy Department in exchange of
information and views, 884–885, 889, 896–898
- Discussions and correspondence with—
- Carp Export and Import Corp., 882
- Gibbs & Cox, 870, 872–873, 874–878, 879–881, 888, 890–892, 893, 894–895, 895–896, 898–899, 900–901, 901–902
- Soviet Ambassador, 883–884, 885–890
- Termination of negotiations and abandonment of project
(Oct.–Nov. 1939), position of
Gibbs & Cox, 899, 901–902; of U. S. Government, 900–901
- U. S. policy, 872, 881, 885–886, 888; question of any change as of
Sept. 1939, 895–898
- Equipment, machinery, and munitions, 475, 685–686, 871–872, 893–894, 899–900, 901
- Export licenses. See
Licenses, infra.
- Laws and regulations of United States pertinent to: Espionage Act
of 1917, 460,
467, 477, 690, 691, 875; Neutrality Act (1935, 1937), 459,
489, 678–679, 886; regulations governing international
traffic in arms, 461, 462, 476–477, 485–486, 490,
685–686,
705–706
- Licenses for exportation of arms and munitions,
Soviet applications and U. S. policy, 480, 482–483, 485–486, 704–706
- Military secrets, U. S. policy concerning (see
also under
Battleships
and
Destroyers, supra),
461, 462, [Page 1020]
463–464,
470–471,
480–481,
482–483,
685–686,
701, 706, 872
-
Roosevelt, Franklin D.: Consultation by State
and Navy Departments in connection with Soviet negotiations, 683–685, 685n
, 693, 694–699; favorable attitude
toward Soviet efforts to purchase warships in United States, 479, 483,
692, 882, 884–885
- Submarines and submarine rescue equipment, 463–464, 671, 895
- Technical assistance contracts between Soviet Government and
American aircraft manufacturers, 466–467, 473–474
- Treaty obligations of United States relative to battleships, 477–478, 682, 683–685, 685n
, 686–688, 695–696, 699–700, 701
- Tsagi (Soviet agency), activities, 467, 474
- U. S. policy (see also under
Battleships
and
Destroyers, supra),
460, 461, 462, 470–471, 485–486, 489–490, 685–686, 705–706, 872, 873–874, 899–900, 902–903
- Arms and munitions (see also
Armament control):
- Export licenses, U. S.: Regulations governing, 461, 462,
476–477,
485–486,
490, 685–686, 705–706;
Soviet applications for, and U. S. policy, 480, 482–483, 485–486, 704–706
- Soviet customs inspection of arms belonging to U. S. diplomatic
officers, 445
- Arrest in United States of Soviet citizen M. N. Gorin
for violation of espionage laws, 726–730, 918–926
- Information concerning arrest, Soviet representations, and U. S.
position, 726–730
- Trial and conviction: Soviet protests regarding conduct of trial,
and U. S. attitude, 918–922, 922–926; summary by FBI of developments in
case, 922; verdict and sentence, 922, 926
- Arrests and disappearances in Soviet Union (see also
Purges), 491–503, 708–726, 904–918
- Agreement of Nov. 16, 1933,
between United States and Soviet Union regarding legal protection of
nationals:
- American citizens, arrest and detention by Soviet
Government in contravention of undertaking of Nov.
16, 1933, 491–503, 708–726, 904–918
-
Hrinkevich, Frank, 493–494, 495–496, 503, 530, 561, 562, 710, 720–721, 724–725
-
Kujala, Arthur J., 723–724, 907–908, 912–918
-
Nordeen, Hjalmar S., 497, 722–723
-
Nousiainen, Elmer J., 660–661, 904–905, 912
-
Provenick, William, 721–722
-
Robinson, Mr. and Mrs. Donald
L. (see also
Rubens
, infra), 497–502, 627, 708–709, 710–718
-
Rubens, Mr. and Mrs. Adolph A. (see also
Robinson
, supra), 530, 561, 562–563, 708–709, 710–718, 904, 905–907, 908–911
-
Sviridoff, George, 491–492, 719–720
- U. S. representations and Soviet obstructionist attitude.
See individual cases,
supra.
- Foreigners in Soviet Union other than Americans, 320–322, 393–394, 530, 550,
561–562,
565
- Persons leaving American Embassy building in Moscow, 660–662
- Soviet citizens having contact with foreigners (including members
of U. S. mission), 374–376, 392–393, 399–400
- Soviet employees of American Embassy in Moscow, 319–320, 375, 392,
400, 494, 631, 635–638; of American
correspondents in Soviet Union, 535–536
- Assets in United States of former Russian governments,
assignment by Soviet Union to United States:
- Letter from Litvinov to
Roosevelt, Nov. 16,
1933, assigning the assets, 35–36
- Negotiations (1936) for clarification of
assignment, U. S. inquiries based on certain legal complications,
and Soviet replies, 345–354; texts of Soviet communications, 347, 350,
351–353
- Notes exchanged Jan. 7, 1937, between
Litvinov and U. S.
Chargé, 354–356
- Assignment of assets. See
Assets in United States of former Russian
governments.
- Austria, 533, 540
- Aviation. See
Armament control: Aircraft.
- Baltic States, pressure by Soviet Union to conclude pacts of
mutual assistance, 934–984
- Approach by Soviet Union to Estonia and Latvia, 934, 938–939
- Conclusion by Soviet Union of mutual assistance pact
with—
- Estonia, Sept. 28, 1939:
- Commercial agreement as part of pact, 939, 941, 944, 950, 951, 952–953, 961
- Estonian attitude, 950–951, 957–958, 970, 979
- Negotiations and signature, 939–943
- Observations of U. S. Chargé, 969–970, 980
- Technical committees for detailed implementation
of pact, 945, 955
- Terms (see also
Commercial agreement, supra), 943–944, 949, 949–951, 953–954, 966, 980, 981; secret protocol, and Soviet demands
beyond terms of pact, 953–954, 955, 957
- Latvia, Oct. 5, 1939:
- Commercial agreement, 964, 966, 970–971, 980
- Editorial comment in Soviet press, 960
- Negotiations, signature, and ratification, 945–946, 948–949, 952, 954–955, 955, 956, 966
- Terms, 958–960, 961, 964
- Troop movements and other aspects of
implementation, 969,
975, 978
- Lithuania, Oct. 10, 1939:
- Negotiations, signature, and ratification (see also
Vilna, infra), 948,
949, 952, 963–964, 965, 967–969
- Terms, 965
- Trade agreement, 970–971
- Troop movements and other matters of
implementation (see also
Vilna, infra), 974,
977, 979, 981
- Vilna, Soviet cession to Lithuania
and attendant problems, 946–948, 956, 965–966, 967–968, 971–973, 974–975, 976–978, 979;
formal protest by Poland to Lithuania, 969, 971
- German-Soviet relations, effect on Baltic questions, 938, 940–941, 944,
945–946,
951–952,
958, 961, 962–963, 964, 968–969, 974, 980
- Neutrality policy of Baltic States, 935–938
- Review of general situation of Baltic States (Dec. 1939), 982–984
- Battleships, efforts of Soviet agency to purchase in United States. See under
Armament control.
- Belgium: Commercial treaty with United States, 1875, cited, 328; trade agreement with
United States, cited, 194, 195
-
Beriya, Lavrenty, 755–756
- Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp. See, under
Armament control: Battleships.
- Bliss Co., E. W., 685–686
- Boeing Aircraft Co., 902
-
Bogrow, Alexander, 506–507
-
Bohlen, Charles E., memorandum on
first session of Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R., Jan.
12–19, 1938, 509–514
- “Bonus marchers,” 229
- Bookniga Corp., failure to register in United States as a foreign agent,
931–933
- Books and art objects belonging to diplomatic officers, Soviet customs
inspection, 444–445,
641
- Brazil, trade agreement with United States, cited, 192, 205
-
Browder, Earl, 132, 133, 220, 228, 229–231, 239–241, 244, 261–262, 734–735, 738
-
Brown, Neil S., extracts from despatches written in 1851–53, 289–291
- Buck, Leonard J., Inc., 816
-
Bukharin, Nikolay, 527–528, 537
-
Bulganin, Nikolay, 511, 513
-
Bullitt, William C.:
- Denial of a Soviet report of disparaging remarks about Stalin and Soviet Union, 319
- Observations on conditions in Russia (extracts from despatches of
Neil S. Brown in 1851–53), 289–291; on conditions in Russia, the
Communist faith, and proposed U. S. policy with regard to Soviet
Union, 291–296
- Opinions as to Soviet policy of world revolution, 224–227, 292
- Recommendations following Seventh Congress of Communist
International, 244–249
- Remarks upon presentation of credentials, and reply of Kalinin, 49–51
- Report on visit to Soviet Union, Dec. 10–22,
1933, 55–62
- Carp Export and Import Corp. (Soviet agency). See
under
Armament control.
- Census in Soviet Union, Jan. 1939, 769–770
-
Chamberlain, Neville, 531, 533, 572, 731n
- China, 542–543,
768, 775, 790
- Chinese Eastern Railway, 126, 163
-
Chubar, Vlas, 511
-
City of Flint (American vessel), detention of vessel
and crew as a German prize in port of Murmansk, 984–1013
- Communication with Captain or members of crew, unsuccessful
efforts of U. S. Ambassador to establish, 990, 992, 994–996, 996–997, 998, 1000–1001, 1007, 1008,
1011–1012
- Facts concerning detention, question of (see
also
U. S. efforts to ascertain facts, infra): Conflicting reports, 992, 996;
German version. 1002–1003; information obtained by U. S.
Ambassador from Dispatcher of port of Murmansk, 1000–1001
- Initial reports concerning, 984–985
- Legal contentions of United States, based on Hague
Convention of 1907, 986–988, 989, 990,
993
- Opinions of U. S. Ambassador as to Soviet-German collusion, 999–1000,
1001, 1003–1005
- Release of German prize crew from internment, 989, 1001;
of the vessel, announcements concerning, 992, 996, 1003, 1005
- Statement by Captain Gainard of the City of Flint,
1012–1013
- U. S. efforts to ascertain facts, and Soviet delays
and failure to furnish full information, 986, 983–989, 990–992, 993–997, 998,
1003–1004, 1006–1009; Soviet explanation of position,
997–998,
1009–1012
- U. S. representations to German Government regarding safety of
American crew, 1005
- U. S. representations to Soviet Government. See
Legal contentions
and
U. S. efforts to ascertain facts, supra.
- U. S. statement to the press, reference to, 1005–1006
- Claims and credits. See
Debts, claims, and credits.
- Coal. See
Tax on Soviet coal
for specific year under
Commercial agreements between United States and Soviet
Union.
- Comintern (see also
Communist International, Seventh Congress of),
556–557, 560–561, 592, 733–734, 738, 742–744
- Commercial agreements between Soviet Union and Baltic
States: Estonia, 939, 941, 944, 950, 951, 952–953, 961; Latvia, 964, 966, 970–971, 980; Lithuania,
970–971
- Commercial agreements between United States and Soviet
Union:
-
1935, exchange of notes signed July 13, 192–218
- Guarantee of amount of purchases to be made by Soviet
Union during year, question of, 194, 196–197, 198, 199, 200, 201–202, 203, 204, 208, 211–212
- Negotiations, 192–209, 210–211
- Publicity: Arrangements concerning, 209–210, 211–212, 213–214; press comment in Soviet
Union, 215–217; U. S. press release, 210, 214, 215
- Tax on Soviet coal imported into United States, question
of, 201, 206, 207
- Texts: Citation to, 215;
drafts, 195–196, 197, 199, 202–203, 208–209
-
1936, exchange of notes signed July 11, 322–345
- Guarantee of amount of purchases to be made by Soviet
Union during year, question of, 330, 335, 337–338, 339
- Negotiations, 324–340, 343
- Opinion of U. S. Ambassador on trade situation, 322–323; of U. S. Secretary of State, 323
- Publicity: Arrangements for, 340, 342–343; press comment in Soviet
Union, 332–333; U. S. press release, citation to text, 344
- Soviet method of negotiating, observations of U. S.
Chargé, 344
- Tax on Soviet coal imported into United States, question
of, 324, 326–330, 331, 332, 333, 334–335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 344–345
- Texts, 340–342, 344; drafts, 338,
340
-
1937, exchange of notes signed Aug. 4, 405–440
- Exportation clause, Soviet desire for, and
U. S. position, 421, 424, 425, 426–434, 435, 436
- Guarantee of amount of purchases to be made by Soviet
Union during year, question of (see
also
Exportation clause, supra), 410–411, 414, 417, 420, 422, 423, 425, 426, 436
- Most-favored-nation provision, U. S.-Soviet differences on
question of unilateral or bilateral basis (see also
Exportation clause, supra), 412, 413, 414, 417, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424–425, 427–428
- Negotiations, 405–436, 437–438
- Publicity, 416, 418, 421, 422, 434, 437, 438–439
- Tax on Soviet coal imported into United States, question
of, and Soviet agreement to limit exports to 400,000 tons, 405–408, 409, 410, 411, 413, 414, 416, 417, 418–420, 421, 423, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436
- Texts: Drafts, 409–410, 415–416, 418–419, 420–421, 428, 430, 433; information concerning, and
citation to, 436, 439–440
-
1938, exchange of notes signed Aug. 5, 601–624
- Guarantee of amount of Soviet purchases to be made during
year, question of, 605, 607, 609, 613, 614, 616–619
- Negotiations, 605–619; U. S. Chargé’s review of
negotiations, and recommendations for future reference, 621–624
- Publicity, arrangements for, 620
- Tax on Soviet coal imported into United States,
complications in connection with, 601–604, 611, 615–616, 622–623
- Texts, 615, 620
- Unfavorable balance against Soviet Union in
Soviet-American trade, Soviet dissatisfaction over, 607, 611–612, 621–622
-
1939, exchange of notes signed Aug. 2, 809–837
passim
- Guarantee of amount of purchases to be made by Soviet
Union during year, question of, 814, 829, 836, 837
- Manganese exports to United States, Soviet proposals
concerning, 815–819, 824, 825, 826, 836
- Negotiations, 814–815, 823, 824–830, 831, 832; résumé by
U. S. Chargé, 835–837
- Publicity, arrangements for, 830–831, 831–832, 832–833, 833–834
- Texts, 827, 833
- Unfavorable balance against Soviet Union in
Soviet-American trade, Soviet dissatisfaction and desire for
U. S. concessions, 825, 826–827, 828
- Communist International, Seventh Congress of, July 25–Aug. 20, 1935, 218–268
- Data on plans and arrangements for, 218–220, 221, 224;
Litvinov’s assumed
ignorance of, 222, 223, 265
- Delegates and participants, 242, 243–244
- Policy of the organization, alleged change in, 260–262, 516
- Proceedings:
- Agenda and opening session, 228–229
- Resolutions, 233–235, 257
- Speeches by—
-
Browder,
Earl, 229–231, 239–241
-
Darcy, Sam,
231–232, 262
-
Dimitrov,
Georgy, 235–237, 260–261
-
Green, Gil,
237–239
-
Pieck, Wilhelm, 228–229
- Protests by—
- Speeches. See under
Proceedings, supra.
- Subjects of attention:
- Activities of Communist Party in United States, 229–232, 235–241
- Farm labor party, possible creation of, 236–237, 239–240, 261
- Fascism, 228–229, 231, 236, 239–240, 241, 261
- Labor unions, 239, 240–241
- Negroes, 231, 232
- Strikes, 230, 232, 238
- Trojan horse tactics, 237,
247
- Youth organizations, 230–231, 234, 237–238
- Violation of Soviet pledge of noninterference in
internal affairs of United States:
- American press reports, 241–242
-
Litvinov’s
interpretation of matter, 223,
264–265
- Recommendations of U. S. Ambassador
Bullitt following
close of the Congress:
- Principal items: Cancellation of exequaturs of
Soviet Consuls in United States, 246, 247; issuance of a statement by President
Roosevelt, 246–247; non-severance of diplomatic relations,
244–246; non-withdrawal of
military and naval attachés, 247–248;
restriction of American visas to Soviet citizens,
246, 247
- Request of Secretary of State for, 232, 242–243
- Suggestions in connection with possibility of
Soviet reprisals, 248
- Text, 244–248
- U. S. protest (see also
Recommendations of U. S. Ambassador
Bullitt
, supra):
- Preliminary indications of U. S. position, 156–157, 158, 220, 221, 221–223
- U. S. note and Soviet rejection:
- Soviet press comment, 255–257, 259
- Statements to the press by Soviet
Ambassador, 253–254; by U. S. Secretary of
State, 254, 257–259
- Suggestions of U. S. Ambassador following
exchange, 253;
attitude of President
Roosevelt, 254
- Texts of notes, Aug. 25
and 27, and information concerning exchange,
249–253
- Communist International of Youth, Sixth Congress of, reports
on proceedings and resolutions, 260, 262–264, 265–268; American
delegates, 260, 263,
268
- Communist movement in United States, direction from Moscow (see also
Communist International), 132–134, 156–157, 158; activities of Communist Party in United States, 229–232, 235–241
- Communist Party, All-Union:
- Admission of new members, resumption of (Nov.
1936), 306–307
- Eighteenth Party Congress, Mar. 1939:
Manuilsky, report on work of
Comintern, 742–744; Stalin,
speech, summary and discussions of portion on foreign affairs, 739–741, 744–745, 747–750, 760; Voroshilov, speech on military development, 745–746
- Future composition of Party, remarks of Soviet official (1936), 305–306
- “Party democracy”, question of meaning, 304–305, 306
- Purges, 304–305, 306–307; resolution of Central Committee
looking toward curtailment of purge activities, 508
- Consolidated Aircraft Corp., 464, 466, 467, 470–471, 473–474
- Constitution, Soviet, Dec. 5, 1936, 301; functioning of Government under, 512–513
- Consular fees, 58, 74
- Consular officers. See
Diplomatic and consular officers.
- Consulates in Soviet Union (see also
Diplomatic and consular officers), closing of
large number of, 505–506, 517, 547–548
- Cotton, question of Soviet purchases from United States, 812–814, 819–823
- Cuba, trade agreement with United States, cited, 197, 333
- Curtiss-Wright Corp., 902, 903
- Customs control by Soviet authorities. See under
American Embassy in Moscow: Difficulties.
- Czechoslovakia: European situation, 387, 517, 519n
, 533–534,
539, 540, 591; trade agreement with United States, cited,
203, 205, 415
-
Daily Worker, 132–133
-
Darcy, Sam, 231, 262
-
Davies, Joseph E.:
- Conversations with Kalinin,
569–570;
Litvinov, 372–374, 386–388, 529–536;
Stalin, 551–552, 566–568, 571–577
- Impressions at opening session of Moscow treason trial (1938), 528
- Opinions with respect to Moscow treason trials, 532–533;
permanency of Stalin regime,
549; Soviet debt to United States,
370–372;
Soviet regime in general, 550–551
- Presentation of letters of credence, and initial contacts with
various Soviet officials, 358–361
- Review of situation in Soviet Union and U. S.-Soviet relations,
June 6, 1938, 552–566
- Soviet attitude toward appointment as U. S. Ambassador, 440–441;
toward facilities extended in his travels in Soviet Union, 649, 654
- Suggestion for possible trip to Moscow in connection with
British-French-Soviet negotiations for anti-aggression pact, 756–757
- U. S.-Soviet debt negotiations. See
Debts, claims, and credits: Renewal of negotiations, 1938
.
- Debts, claims, and credits, U. S.-Soviet negotiations:
- Agreement of Nov. 1933
(Roosevelt–Litvinov understanding):
- Consideration of problems, prior to agreement, 7–8, 10–14,
15, 17, 23–24, 25–26; of methods for
financing of Soviet obligations through use of American
credits in Germany, 47–48, 52,
54–55, 62
- U. S.-Soviet exchange of views, Nov. 15
and 16, 26–27, 35–37; plans for later
discussions, 41
- Unsuccessful negotiations to implement. See
Negotiations, 1934–35
, infra; also
Renewal of negotiations, 1938
, infra.
- British and French claims, Soviet contentions as to
relation to U. S.-Soviet negotiations, 115–116, 144, 146–147, 147–148, 155,
159, 160, 161–162, 164, 165, 167,
169, 173, 180, 181, 188, 360, 370,
576
- Export-Import Bank, function and activities, 67, 68, 70, 71, 75, 77, 80, 87, 90, 91, 92–93, 94, 95, 96–97, 98–99, 111, 115, 117, 119–120, 122,
124–125,
127, 129, 136–137, 142, 143, 145,
151, 155, 159
- Johnson Bill, effect on credit transactions of Soviet Union, 25, 68, 69, 70, 76, 77, 80, 82, 89–90, 91, 101, 109–110, 111, 120,
142–143
-
Kerensky government’s debt to
United States, 17, 26, 27, 76, 77, 81–82, 86, 90–91, 96, 115, 120, 369, 573–574, 576–577, 581–582, 597,
600
- Negotiations, 1934–35, to
implement agreement of Nov. 1933, 63–191
- Disagreement in interpretation of 1933 understanding, 70–72, 77, 85,
108–109, 117–119; summary of U. S.
understanding of basis for settlement of debt situation,
122–123
- Discussions in Moscow and in Washington. See
Initial proposals
and
Later proposals, infra.
- Failure. See
Termination, infra.
- Initial proposals:
- American proposal of Feb. 20,
1934: Discussions, 63–64, 65–68, 69, 78–80, 88, 92, 97, 97–98; text, 78–79
- Soviet proposal of Apr. 2,
1934: Discussions, 75–77, 79, 80–81, 82; substance, 75
- Interim cessation, and opinions of President
Roosevelt as to method for
proceeding with negotiations, 85–88
- Later proposals:
- Discussions, 90, 91–102, 103, 104–108, 108–110, 111, 112, 114–116, 121–125, 127–132, 134–135, 135–139, 140–156, 157–161, 161–165, 167–171;
memoranda of conversations held at State Department
in Washington, 127–128, 129–132, 134–135, 135–136, 140–141, 170–171
- Substance: American proposals, 93–94, 145–146, 154; Soviet proposals, 92, 98, 136–137
- Publicity in connection with:
- Press statements and releases: Release issued by
State Department, May 7,
1934, 90–91; statement read at press
conference by Under Secretary of State, Aug. 24, 1934, 137; statement issued by
Secretary Hull, Jan. 31,
1935, 172–173; statement issued by
Litvinov,
Feb. 3, 1935, 174–175
- U. S. policy concerning, 104
- Recapitulation of negotiations (U. S. press statement of
Jan. 31, 1935), 172–173
- Summary review of negotiations up to July 19, 1934, 119–121
- Termination:
- Information concerning, 171
- Press statement by Secretary Hull, Jan. 31, 1935, 172–173; by Litvinov, Feb. 3,
1935, 174–175
- Reaction in Soviet press and and among Soviet
officials, 175–177, 178, 179, 181–182, 184–187; effect on Litvinov’s position,
179–180, 181, 187
- Temporary working agreement, conversations
relative to possibility of, 188–191
- U. S. Ambassador’s observations as to Moscow
factors involved, 178–180
- U. S. reduction of Embassy personnel and abolition
of Consulate General at Moscow, 171, 173–174, 177–178, 180–181, 182–184
- Possibility of debt discussions, 1936 and
1937, question of, 314–316, 357, 359–360, 369–372, 396–397
- Renewal of negotiations, 1938:
- Comments of Soviet Ambassador and Soviet Government (Apr. 1938), 647, 650; of U. S.
Ambassador Davies
(June 6), 560
- Proposal of Stalin
for settlement of Kerensky debt: Discussions of Ambassador
Davies with
Stalin and
Molotov, 573–581; terms of proposal, 581–582, 599–600; U. S. inconclusive efforts to secure a
modification of Soviet proposal, 594–595, 597
- Visit of Rubinin to United
States, 83–84,
86
-
Dekanozov, Vladimir, 771
-
Denikin, Anton, 525
- Destroyers, efforts of Soviet agency to purchase in United States. See under
Armament control.
-
Dewey, John, 112
- Dies Committee, 784
-
Dimitrov, Georgy, 235–237, 291, 510–511, 738
- Diplomatic and consular officers:
- Changes in diplomatic and consular representation upon U. S.
recognition of Soviet Government, 1933. See
Recognition: Diplomatic and consular representation.
- Difficulties due to Soviet customs practices. See
American Embassy in Moscow: Difficulties: Customs
control.
- Right of Consuls to visit nationals in prison. See
Arrests: Agreement of
Nov. 16, 1933.
- U. S. consular representation in Soviet Union, 81, 82–83, 85, 102–103, 108, 121,
171, 177–178, 180, 448,
651; abolition of Consulate General
at Moscow, 171, 177–178, 180
- Douglas Aircraft Co., 467, 474
-
Dreitser, Efim, 366
- du Pont de Nemours & Co., E. I., 475
-
Duranty, Walter, 84, 126, 184, 185, 359–360
- Ecuador, trade agreement with United States, cited, 415
- Electric Boat Co., 463–464, 468, 671
- Espionage Act of June 15, 1917, U. S., cited, 460, 467, 477, 690, 691, 726, 875
- Estonia (see also
Baltic States), 543
- European situation:
- General: 1937, 386–388; 1938, 541–542, 543–544, 572; 1939, 757, 781, 962–963
- Mobilization of Soviet military reserves, Sept.
1939, 779–782, 791
- Soviet entrance into Poland, Western Ukraine, and Western White
Russia, Sept.–Oct. 1939, 782–783, 785, 787,
790
- Soviet-Finnish war, winter 1939. See under
Finland.
- Export-Import Bank (see also under
Debts, claims, and credits), 819, 821, 823–824
- Export licenses for arms and munitions. See under
Arms and munitions.
-
Ezhov, Nikolay, 381, 753–755
- Far Eastern situation (see also under
Recognition), 531,
542–543, 556, 596, 774–775, 777–778, 778–779
- Farm labor party, 236–237, 239–240, 261
- Fascism, 228–229,
231, 236, 239–240, 241, 261, 733–735, 738, 742, 743–744
-
Faymonville, Lt. Col. Philip R., 173–174, 390–391, 597, 598–599, 600–601
- Federal Bureau of Investigation, U. S., 728–729, 922
- Finland, relations with Soviet Union:
- Aaland Islands, question of, 767, 787–788
- Miscellaneous, 287, 543
- Soviet-Finnish war, winter 1939:
- Baltic States, attitude toward Finnish position, 982
- Information concerning Soviet negotiations with Finland
leading to break in relations, 785–786, 787–788, 797–798, 962
- League of Nations, Finnish appeal and League expulsion of
Soviet Union, 800, 801–806, 984n
- Manifestations of attitude of United States, Great
Britain, and France, 790, 793–796
- Messages and statements of President
Roosevelt in interest of peace,
788, 798–800, 801
- U. S. withdrawal of technical assistance from Soviet
Union, 806–807; Soviet efforts to restrict movements of
American engineers and others employed in Soviet Union, 807–809
-
Fischer, Louis, 220, 389
- Five-year plans, Soviet, 58, 557, 735–736
- Foreign Office, Soviet:
- Difficulties in obtaining information from Commissariat of
Internal Affairs in connection with—
- Arrests and disappearances of American citizens in Soviet
Union, 719–720, 722, 905
- Detention of American vessel City of
Flint in Murmansk, 993–994
- General situation affecting relations of American Embassy with,
447, 451, 634–635, 649–650, 657
- Personnel changes (1939), 770–773
- Foreign policy of Soviet Union:
-
1933–36: Aggressive characteristics, 310; “Soviet policy of peace,” 312; world revolution, 224–227, 292, 310–311, 312–314
-
1937, changing trends, 514–518
-
1938:
-
Kalinin, remarks,
583–584
-
Litvinov: Comments on
Soviet self-sufficiency, 548;
statement to the press, Mar 17, 539–541; speech, June 23,
discussion of, 587–589
- Résumé, Apr. 1, 542–544
-
Stalin, letter to
Ivanov, 520–527
- Summary of policy following Munich Agreement, 591–592
-
1939:
- British-French-Soviet negotiations for anti-aggression
pact (1939), 756–757, 759, 760, 765–766, 769, 778–779
- Determination of policy in relation to conduct of
aggressor states, 746–747, 750–753
- Eighteenth Congress of All-Union Communist Party, summary
and discussions of Stalin’s speech, 739–741, 744–745, 747–750, 760
- Internal economic situation in Soviet Union, relation to
foreign policy, 791–793
-
Litvinov, removal as
Commissar of Foreign Affairs, significance of, 757–761
-
Molotov, speeches:
May 31, 764–768; Oct. 31, 785–790
- Résumé by Loy W.
Henderson of guiding principles, July 22, 773–775
- Foreign trade policy and commercial resources of Soviet Union (see also
Commercial agreements between Soviet Union and Baltic
States; Trade relations between United States
and Soviet Union), 292, 296–299, 762–764, 783–784, 811–812
-
Foster, William Z., 220, 228, 244
- France:
- Relations with Soviet Union (see also
Debts, claims, and credits: British and French claims):
- Action in connection with Soviet adherence to Spitzbergen
Treaty of Feb. 9, 1920, 278–280
- British-French-Soviet negotiations for anti-aggression
pact (1939), 756–757, 759, 760, 765–766, 769, 778–779
- Miscellaneous, 53–54, 60–61, 124, 126, 135, 163, 165, 178, 188, 286, 387, 533–534, 539, 540, 544, 572, 591, 740, 748–749
- Treaty of mutual assistance, May 2,
1935, 226
- Views as to disadvantages of breaking relations with
Soviet Union, 793–794
- Trade agreement with United States, cited, 329, 334, 412, 415,
420
- General Electric Co., 871–872
- General Electric Co., Inc., International, 893–894, 899–900, 901
- General Motors, 101
- Germany, relations with Soviet Union (see also
under
Baltic States):
- Agreement of Oct. 12, 1925, concerning
legal protection, etc., cited, 32, 494, 715,
717, 917–918
- Arrest of German citizens in Soviet Union, 320–322, 393, 530
- German police, alleged connection with conspiracy of Zinovyev and others, 300, 302
- Loan to Soviet Government, question of, 13, 84, 126, 180, 187, 766–767
- Miscellaneous, 53, 60, 283, 287, 373,
379–380,
533–534,
555, 558, 561, 584–585, 588, 591,
737, 739–740, 744–745, 750, 751–752, 759,
773–774,
780, 781
- Soviet Army officers, alleged friendly attitude toward Germany,
383–384,
385
- Ukraine, alleged German designs in, 731–732, 740, 748–749
- Gibbs & Cox, Inc. See
Armament control: Destroyers; also under
Armament control: Battleships.
- Gold mining by Americans in Siberia, question of, 139–140
-
Gorin, M. N. (Soviet citizen), arrest in United States
for violation of espionage laws, 726–730, 918–926
- Great Britain, relations with Soviet Union (see
also
Debts, claims, and credits: British and French claims):
- British-French-Soviet negotiations for anti-aggression pact (1939), 756–757, 759,
760, 765–766, 769, 778–779
- Miscellaneous, 124, 165, 387,
388, 505–506, 517, 533–534, 543–544, 572,
591, 740, 748–749, 761
- Proposal for joint representations by Diplomatic Corps in Moscow
concerning certain Soviet practices, 644–645, 655–656
- Views as to disadvantages of breaking diplomatic relations with
Soviet Union, 793–794
- Greece, 548, 562,
565
-
Green, Gil, 237–238, 244, 260, 268
-
Guilden, I. R., 819–823, 823–824
- Hearst press, 241, 261
-
Henderson, Loy W.:
- Comments on developments during first three years of U. S.-Soviet
diplomatic relations, 307–319
- Conversation with Litvinov,
585–586
- Observations concerning elections to Supreme Soviet of the
U.S.S.R., and first session of Supreme Soviet, 401–404, 509n
- Opinions concerning conditions under which American Embassy in
Moscow operates, 633–635; recommendations, 638–642
- Résumé of guiding principles of Soviet foreign policy, July 1939, 773–775
- Views and observations concerning trial and execution of Zinovyev and others, 300–303
-
Hitler, 264, 373, 384, 515, 531, 533, 584, 731–732, 778, 961
-
Hoover, J. Edgar, 922
-
Howard, Roy, 288–289
-
Hrinkevich, Frank (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 493–494, 495–496, 503, 530, 561, 562, 710, 720–721, 724–725
-
Hull, Cordell:
- Comments on various irritating practices of Soviet Union, 498–499; on
question of Soviet debt to United States and its relation to world
situation, 396–397
- Statements to the press:
-
Jan. 31, 1935, upon termination of U.
S.-Soviet debt negotiations, 172–173
-
Sept. 1, 1935, on Soviet violation of
pledge of noninterference in U. S. internal affairs, 257–259
- Hungary, 595n
- Industrial development, resources, and manpower in Soviet Union, 58, 536–539, 544–545, 553–554, 557, 571, 586–587, 735–736, 770–777
- “Informers” among Soviet employees of American Embassy in Moscow, 663
- Intourist, 245, 393, 590, 726
- Italian-Ethiopian conflict, Soviet attitude, 283–284
- Italy, 543, 739,
748, 767
-
Izvestiya, 21–22, 43–46, 182, 216, 388, 593, 960
- Japan, relations with Soviet Union:
- Miscellaneous, 2, 20–21, 322, 542, 739, 748,
767–768,
774–775,
777, 789
- Possibilities of attack on Soviet Union, 3, 13, 53, 54, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64–65, 83, 100, 110–111, 116,
122, 126, 166–167, 226–227, 264,
283, 287, 293–294, 303, 558, 561,
588, 773–774, 777–778
- Treaty of relations, Jan. 20, 1925, cited,
352–353
- Johnson Act (U. S.), 25, 68, 69, 70,
76, 77, 80, 82, 89–90, 91, 101, 109–110, 111, 120, 142–143, 821
-
Johnson, Gen. Hugh, 111
-
Kaganovich, Lazar, 511
-
Kalinin, Mikhail:
- Conversations with U. S. Ambassadors, 56, 569–570, 776–777
- Election as President of Presidium of Supreme Soviet, 514
- Remarks relative to United States and to Soviet relations with the
world, 548, 569–570, 583–584;
relative to Soviet industrial development, 586–587
- Reply to U. S. Ambassador Bullitt’s remarks on presentation of his
credentials, 50–51; to President Roosevelt’s message
of Oct. 11, 1939, cited, 788
-
Kamenyev, Lev, 300–303, 362, 366, 368, 376, 523
-
Kennan, George F.:
- Memoranda on—
- Annoying practices of Soviet authorities, 446–451, 657–660
- Anti-foreign campaign in Soviet Union, 398–400
-
Radek–Pyatakov trials, 362–369
- U. S. customs treatment of Soviet coal, 601–604
- Notation relative to purges in Soviet Army, 519n
-
Kerensky government’s debt to United
States, 17, 26, 27, 76, 77, 81–82, 86, 90–91, 96, 115, 120, 369, 573–574, 576–577, 581–582, 597, 600
-
Khrushchev, Nikita, 511
-
Kim (Soviet steamer), question of clearance through
Panama Canal, 845–846, 847–850, 851, 852–854
-
Kirov, Sergey, 303, 379, 380
-
Kolchak, Alexander, 23, 26, 525
-
Kosior, Stanislav, 511
-
Krestinsky, Nikolay, 527–528
-
Kujala, Arthur J. (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 723–724, 907–908, 912–918
- Labor: Employment and payment of local labor for construction of a U. S.
Embassy building in Moscow, difficulties over question of, 268–277
passim; Seventh Congress of Communist International,
discussions in connection with, 236–237, 239–241, 261
-
Lapinsky (P. L. Mikhailsky), 186–187
- Latvia (see also
Baltic States), 543
- League of Nations:
- Aaland Islands, question of refortification, League position, 767
- Italian-Ethiopian conflict, Soviet comments on policy of League
members, 283–284
-
Litvinov, speech at Assembly,
information concerning, 517–518
- Soviet-Finnish war (1939), Finnish appeal
to League, and League expulsion of Soviet Union, 800, 801–806, 984n
- Soviet membership, 53–54, 60–61, 539, 588; expulsion, 984n
- Legal protection of nationals. See
Arrests and disappearances; Recognition: Problems: Religious freedom and legal rights.
-
Lenin, 520, 521, 523–527, 571, 732–735
- Letters rogatory, U. S.–Soviet exchange of notes, Nov.
22, 1935, relative to execution of, citation to texts, 280
- Lithuania (see also
Baltic States), 543
-
Litvinov, Maxim (see also
Recognition:
Roosevelt–Litvinov conversations):
- Communist International, Seventh Congress, assumed ignorance of
plans for, 221–222, 223, 265
- Conversations with Loy W.
Henderson, 585–586; U. S. Ambassador Davies, 372–374, 386–388, 529–536
- Foreign policy of Soviet Union: Comments on Soviet
self-sufficiency, 548; speech at League
of Nations Assembly, information concerning, 517–518; speech of June 23, 1938, discussion of, 587–589;
statement to the press, Mar. 17, 1938, 539–541
- Opinions on various aspects of world situation, 264–265, 373–374, 386–388
- Personal position (see also
Resignation, infra), effect of Munich Agreement on, and speculation
concerning, 592, 737
- Resignation as Commissar of Foreign Affairs, 757–761
- U. S.-Soviet debt negotiations, breakdown of: Effect on political
position of, 179–180, 181; statement to the
press, Feb. 3, 1935, 174–175; views, 178–179, 181
- London Naval Conference of 1935, question of
admission of Soviet Union, 107, 108, 113, 116, 117
-
Lozovsky, Solomon, 771
- Manganese, question of Soviet exports to United States, 815–819, 824, 825, 826, 836
-
Manuilsky, Dmitry, 734, 742–744
-
Martin Co., Glenn L., 474
- Mergenthaler Linotype Co., 106
-
Messersmith, George S.: Opinions and
suggestions on various aspects of U. S.-Soviet relations, 504–505, 643–644, 839–841; review of
certain difficulties in U. S.-Soviet relations, 865–868
- Military developments in Soviet Union:
- Army: Growth, development, and strength, 1934–39, 286–287, 293,
547, 558, 745–746; political commissars, establishment of, 519–520, 746; purges, 1937,
376–380,
383–386,
519–520;
reduction in draft age for active service, 1936, 299–300
- Budget, increases; in, 285–286, 547
- Mobilization and troop movements, Sept,
1939, 779–782, 791
- Naval and air forces, 287, 556, 558,
587, 592, 745, 791
- Naval program. See
Armament control.
- Military information, possibility of a U. S.-Soviet liaison for
interchange of, 595–597, 600
- Military secrets, U. S. policy concerning. See
under
Armament control.
- Miller, Max B. & Co., 807, 808
- “Misunderstandings” (Soviet oral promises to United States), Soviet
contentions of, 71–75,
108–109
-
Molotov, Vyacheslav:
- Appointment as Commissar of Foreign Affairs, and subsequent
changes in Foreign Office personnel, 757–758, 772–773
- Personal characteristics, 57, 511
- Remarks on Soviet-Finnish negotiations and break in relations,
785–786,
797–798
- Speeches on international situation and Soviet foreign policy,
282–285,
287–288,
764–768,
785–790,
793
- Monetary changes by Soviet decree (see also
Ruble purchases), effect on American Embassy in
Moscow, 281–282
- Mongolia, 768, 775, 789
-
Mooney, Tom, 237, 734–735
-
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 26, 118
- Moscow Fire Insurance Co., 345–346, 347–348, 350–351, 352
- Munich Agreement, cited, 591, 592
-
Mussolini, 264, 531, 533
- National holiday of Soviet Union: Omission of U. S. felicitations in 1939, 790; speech by
Molotov, reference to, 793
- Nausiainen. See
Nousiainen
.
- Naval mission to United States, Soviet, 871,
872–873, 875, 876–878, 880–881, 883, 893, 899
- Naval program, Soviet. See
Armament control.
-
Nelson, Dr. Walter G., difficulties
due to customs practices of Soviet authorities, 845–846, 846–850, 851, 852–854, 867
- Netherlands, trade agreement with United States, cited, 329, 334, 405, 407, 412, 414, 414–415, 421, 426–427, 429, 602
- Neutrality: Baltic States, policy of, 935–938; prizes of war in neutral ports, 988, 997–998, 1002; U. S.
neutrality legislation, 373–374, 427, 429, 430, 432, 459, 489, 542, 678–679, 790, 795, 886, 941
- New York Shipbuilding Corp., 480–490
passim
- Noninterference in internal affairs of United States, Soviet
guarantees of:
- Exchange of notes between Roosevelt and
Litvinov, Nov. 16, 1933, 28–29
- U. S. fears concerning Communist world revolutionary activities
prior to agreement of 1933, 6–7, 15, 17
- Violation of pledge:
-
Nordeen, Hjalmar S. (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 497, 722–723
-
Nousiainen, Elmer J. (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 660–661, 904–905, 912
- October Revolution (1917), 811
- Olympic Games, 267
-
Page, Edward, Jr., memorandum on
annoying practices of Soviet authorities, 657–660; on problems of U. S.
citizens visiting Soviet Union, 590–591
-
Peek, George N., statement to the
press, 125
- Persia, 543
-
Pieck, Wilhelm, 228–229
- Poland: Formal protest to Lithuania upon Soviet cession of Vilna to
Lithuania, 969, 971;
relations with Soviet Union, 53, 60, 387, 543, 746–747, 761, 767, 774
- Politburo, 512–513
-
Pravda, 22, 181–182, 243–244, 256, 257, 383, 388, 474, 518, 733, 738, 744, 960
- Prizes of war. See City of
Flint.
- Propaganda. See
Noninterference in internal affairs of United
States; Registration of agents in United States
of foreign principals.
-
Provenick, William (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 721–722
- Purges:
- Communist Party, 304–305, 306–307, 508
- General (arrests, dismissals, executions), 1937–38, 380–382, 387–388, 397,
400–401,
404, 508, 545–546
- Moscow trials (see also
Red Army, infra):
-
Aug. 1936 (Zinovyev, Kamenyev, etc.), 300–303, 362, 366, 368, 376, 523
-
Jan. 1937 (Radek, Pyatakov, etc.), 362–369, 376, 400
-
Mar. 1938 (Bukharin, Krestinsky, etc.), 527–528, 532–533, 544, 545–546
- Red Army, June 1937, 376–380, 383–386, 519–520, 544
- Soviet Foreign Office, 1938, 517, 634
- Termination, evidences of, 754–755
-
Pyatakov, Yury, 362–369, 376, 400
-
Radek, Karl, 57, 181–182, 304, 362–369, 376, 400
-
Radek–Pyatakov trials (1937), 362–369, 376, 400
- Radio Corporation of America, 395, 397–398, 449–450, 660
- Reciprocity. See under
American Embassy in Moscow: Difficulties.
- Recognition of Soviet Union by United States, 1933, 1–62
- Diplomatic and consular representation, questions
concerning:
-
Bullitt, William C.:
Remarks upon presentation of credentials as U.S. Ambassador,
and reply of President Kalinin, 49–51; report on visit to Soviet
Union, 55–62
- Status of Commercial Attaché to be appointed by Soviet
Government, 47; U.S. position,
51
- Termination of representation in United States of former
Russian government, 19, 37–38,
46–47, 49
- Exchange of notes, Nov. 16. See under
Roosevelt–Litvinov conversations, infra.
- Far Eastern situation:
- Effect on, 1–2, 21, 22, 24,
45, 46, 54, 61; letter of Sept. 8, 1932, from Secretary Stimson to Senator
Borah concerning,
text, 1–2
- Japanese attitude, 20–21
- League of Nations, Soviet inquiries as to U.S. attitude toward
proposed Soviet membership, 53–54, 60–61
- Loans to Soviet Government, question of U.S. attitude, 12–14
- Opening of negotiations, exchange of letters between President
Roosevelt and President Kalinin, Oct. 10
and 17, 17–19
- Press comment in Soviet Union, 21–22, 43–46
- Problems requiring settlement prior to recognition,
discussions and negotiations concerning:
- Communist world revolutionary activities: U.S. fears
concerning, 6–7, 15, 17; U.S.-Soviet reciprocal
guarantees, Nov. 16, of [Page 1031] respect for territorial
and political integrity, 28–29
- Observations by U.S. officials, 6–17
- Religious freedom and legal rights:
Prosecution for economic espionage, Soviet statement
explaining, 34–35; U.S. attitude, 9–11,
15, 16, 29–30, 34;
U.S.-Soviet exchange of guarantees concerning, Nov. 16, 30–34
- Repudiated debts and confiscated property: Consideration
of methods for financing of Soviet obligations through use
of American credits in Germany, 47–48, 52, 54–55, 62; U.S. attitude, 7–9, 10–11,
11–12, 15, 16–17,
23–24, 25–26, 41;
U.S.-Soviet exchange of views concerning methods of
settlement, 26–27, 35–36, 37
- Soviet claims for damages arising out of American
intervention in Eastern Siberia in 1918–21, waiver of, 17,
36
- Remarks of Soviet Military Attaché in Japan concerning, 3
-
Roosevelt–Litvinov conversations in Washington:
- Arrangements for visit of Litvinov and members of Soviet delegation to
Washington, 18, 19, 20, 22
- Exchange of notes, Nov. 16, establishing
diplomatic relations and expressing reciprocal guarantees concerning
respect for territorial and political integrity, religious freedom
and legal protection, and settlement of debts and claims, 27–36
- Statements relative to:
-
Nov. 8, joint communiqué by Secretary
Hull and Soviet
Commissar Litvinov
concerning opening of discussions, 25
-
Nov. 10, joint statement by
Roosevelt and Litvinov concerning
conversations, 25
-
Nov. 18, statement by Secretary
Hull of
gratification at resumption of relations, 39
-
Nov. 22, proposed statement
concerning plans for continuance of discussions on debts and
claims, 41
-
Nov. 22, extract from radio address
by Assistant Secretary of State Moore, 42–43
- Termination of Litvinov’s
visit, letter of farewell to Roosevelt, 42; Roosevelt’s
reply, 43
- Trade and commerce between United States and Soviet Union
following recognition (see also
Commercial agreements between United States and
Soviet Union): Effect of recognition on trade situation,
question of, 3–5; general policy, 62; reciprocal
removal of discriminatory tonnage duties on cargoes and vessels,
40–41
- Red Army. See
Military developments: Army.
- Red Army troupe visiting World’s Fair in New York, 1939, 844, 846, 852, 854, 855–856
- Red International of Labor Unions, 133, 134
- Registration of agents in United States of foreign
principals, U. S. requirement for, 926–933
- Bookniga Corporation, failure to register as foreign agent, U. S.
legal proceedings and Soviet protests, 931–933
- U. S. request to Chiefs of Missions for information on officers
and employees of foreign governments in United States, 926–928;
Soviet protest and U. S. position, 928–931
- Revenue Act of 1932, U. S., coal tax provision,
201, 206, 207, 324n
, 328, 329,
423, 602
-
Robinson, Mr. and Mrs. Donald L.
See under
Arrests and disappearances: American citizens.
-
Roosevelt, Franklin D. (see also
under
Armament control
and
Recognition of Soviet Union by United States):
- Attitude toward Soviet efforts to purchase a battleship in United
States, 483
- Possibility of a U. S.-Soviet liaison for interchange of military
information, exploration of, 595–597, 600
- Proclamations: Feb. 29, 1936, cited, 490; May 1, 1937,
cited, 477, 486
- Relation of U. S.-Soviet debt negotiations to election in United
States, question of, 138–139
- Soviet-Finnish war, 1939:
- Message of Oct. 11 to President
Kalinin and
reply, cited, 788; of Nov. 30 to Soviet Union concerning
bombing of civilians, text, 798–799
- Press statements, Dec. 1 and 2,
texts, 799–800, 801
- Views on principle of reciprocity in granting diplomatic
courtesies, 868–869
-
Rubens, Mr. and Mrs. Adolph A.
See under
Arrests and disappearances: American citizens.
- Ruble purchases for American Embassy staff in Moscow,
difficulties involved, 57–58, 448, 455, 650–651
- Rumania, 543, 746–747, 761
-
Rumreich, Dr. Adolph S., difficulties
due to Soviet customs practices, 456–457, 658
- Russian Socialist Federated Soviet Republic:
- Russian Volunteer Fleet, 355
-
Rykov, Alexey, 537
- Scantic Line, 65
-
Schwartz, Mrs. Martha Louise, 507
- Secret police, Soviet (G. P. U. or N. K. V. D.), 368, 403, 544, 545, 546, 548, 754, 756
-
Serebryakov, Leonid, 362, 365
-
Serkau, G. G., 812–813, 819–823, 823–824
- Seversky Aircraft Corp., 705–706
- Siberia: Gold mining by Americans, question of, 139–140; Soviet waiver of claims for
damages arising out of American intervention in 1918–21, 17, 36
-
Sinclair, Upton, 230
- Socialism, 521–527, 557
-
Sokolnikov, Grigory, 362–363, 365, 366
- Soviet employees of American Embassy in Moscow. See
under
American Embassy: Difficulties.
- Soviet (Council) of Nationalities, 509–510
- Soviet (Council) of People’s Commissars, resolution relative to industrial
construction, 538
- Spain, comments of Litvinov
concerning, 387
- Sperry Gyroscope Co., Inc., 481, 483, 487, 676–677
- Spitzbergen Treaty of Feb. 9, 1920, adhesion of
Soviet Union, with U.S. consent, 278–280
-
Stalin, Iosif:
- Building site for American Embassy in Moscow, promise of, 60, 72–73
- Communist International, Seventh Congress of, 244–245, 253, 261
- Foreign policy of Soviet Union:
- Letter of Feb. 12, 1938, in reply
to letter of Ivanov, 520–527; text, 522–527
- Speeches, summaries and discussions of, 516, 739–741, 744–745, 747–750, 760
- Industrialization and public improvements policy, 537, 545
- Interview with Roy Howard,
288–289;
Ambassador Bullitt, 59–60;
Ambassador Davies, 551–552, 566–568, 571–577
-
Lenin’s theories,
implementation of, 733
- Permanency of regime, question of, 549, 558
- Purge of Soviet leaders and Army personnel opposed to Stalin, 300–303, 378, 380–382
- Supreme Soviet (Council), 401–404, 511
- U.S.-Soviet debt negotiations:
-
Steiger, Boris, 375, 400, 401
-
Steinhardt, Laurence A.:
-
City of Flint case: Commendation by
Department of State in connection with handling of, 1007, 1009:
opinions as to Soviet-German collusion, 999–1000, 1001, 1003–1005
- Presentation of credentials and conversation with Kalinin, 775–779
- Recommendations with reference to difficulties from Soviet
authorities interfering with proper functioning of American Embassy,
850–852,
856
- Soviet customs inspection of effects, 855–856
- Submarines and submarine rescue equipment, Soviet efforts to purchase in
United States, 463–464, 671, 895
- Supreme Soviet (Council) of the U.S.S.R.:
- Elections to, observations of U. S. Chargé, 401–404
- First session, Jan. 12–19, 1938,
personalities and proceedings, 509–514; indications as to future functioning
of Government under the new Constitution, 512–513
- Incorporation of Western Ukraine and Western White Russia into
Soviet Union, 790
-
Molotov’s speeches on foreign
affairs, 1939, 764–768, 785–790
-
Sviridoff, George (American citizen), arrest and
detention by Soviet Government, 491–492, 719–720
- Sweden: Loan to Soviet Government, question of, 68, 69, 76,
84; trade agreement with United States,
cited, 212, 327,
329, 331, 334, 336
- Tariff Act of 1930, U. S., cited, 207
- Technical assistance:
- Contracts between Soviet Government and American aircraft
manufacturers, 466–467, 473–474
- U. S. withdrawal of technical assistance from Soviet Union. See under
Finland: Soviet-Finnish war.
- Terror. See
Purges.
- Trade Agreements Act of 1934, U. S., cited, 197, 199, 201, 203, 206, 209, 326, 327, 329, 336, 337, 431, 609, 612, 614, 815
- Trade agreements between United States and other countries, cited:
- Belgium, 194, 195
- Brazil, 192, 205
- Cuba, 197, 333
- Czechoslovakia, 203, 205, 415
- Ecuador, 415
- France, 329, 334, 412, 415, 420
- Netherlands, 329, 334, 405,
407, 412, 414, 414–415, 421, 426–427, 429,
602
- Sweden, 212, 327, 329, 331, 334,
336
- Trade relations between United States and Soviet Union (see also
Armament control
and
Commercial agreements between United States and Soviet
Union):
- Coal. See
Tax on Soviet coal
for specific year under
Commercial agreements between United States and
Soviet Union.
- Credits, long-term, 819–823
- Discriminatory tonnage duties on cargoes and vessels, reciprocal
removal of, 40–41
- Foreign trade policy of Soviet Union, 811–812
- General observations, 3–5, 9–10, 59, 62, 294–295, 309n
, 316–317, 323, 449, 563–564
- Insurance business on merchandise en route between United States
and Soviet Union, 812
- Manganese, Soviet proposals concerning exports to United States,
815–819,
824, 825, 826, 836
- Purchases by Soviet Union of—
-
Serkau-Guilden proposals
regarding long-term credits, 819–823
- Statistics, 217–218, 324–325, 342–343, 438–439, 604,
606, 620, 816, 825, 826–827, 830; U.
S. unsuccessful efforts to obtain certain figures, 589, 830,
831–832,
833, 833–834, 836–837
- Trade agreement between United States and Soviet Union,
possibility of negotiating, 608–609, 612,
614, 615, 815, 826, 827, 828, 829–830, 834–835, 836
- Trade Union Unity League, 133
- Treason trials. See
Purges.
- Treaties and agreements:
- Baltic States, agreements with Soviet Union. See
Baltic States: Conclusion by Soviet Union of mutual assistance pacts;
Commercial agreements between Soviet Union
and Baltic States.
- France–Soviet Union, treaty of mutual assistance, May 2, 1935, 226
- Germany–Soviet Union, agreement of Oct. 12,
1925, concerning legal protection, etc., cited, 32, 494, 715, 717,
917–918
- Hague Convention of 1907 (No. XIII), cited,
986–988,
989, 990, 993
- Japan–Soviet Union, treaty of relations, Jan.
20, 1925, cited, 352–353
- London Naval Treaty of 1936, cited, 684, 688
- Munich Agreement, cited, 591, 592
- Portsmouth, Treaty of (1905), cited, 774, 962
- Spitzbergen Treaty of Feb. 9, 1920,
adhesion of Soviet Union, with U. S. consent, 278–280
- U. S.–Belgium, commercial treaty of 1875,
cited, 328
- U. S.–Soviet Union:
- Trojan horse techniques, 237, 247, 291
-
Trotsky, Leon, and followers, 300, 301, 302–303, 362–367, 380–381, 520–526
passim, 527–528, 537, 733
-
Troyanovsky, Alexander, statement to
the press, Aug. 26, 1935, following U. S. protest
relative to Seventh Congress of Communist International, 253–254
- Tsagi (Soviet agency), 467, 474
-
Tukhachevsky, Mikhail, 377, 378–379, 384–385, 386, 519n
- Turkey, 543, 767,
789
- Ukrainian question, 731, 740, 744, 748, 782–783, 785, 790
-
Umansky, Konstantin, complaints
regarding unfavorable press in United States, 796–797, 859–861
- United Aircraft Corp., 892–893
- Uruguay, severance of diplomatic relations with Soviet Union, 283
- U. S. Army Engineer Corps, Soviet request for blueprints of certain
machinery used by, 871–872
- U. S. citizens, protection of (see also
Arrests and disappearances: American citizens):
- Engineers and others employed in Soviet Union (1939), Soviet efforts to restrict movements of, 807–809
- Unofficial representations by Ambassador Davies to Litvinov concerning—
- Office quarters for American-Russian Chamber of Commerce,
536
- Soviet wives of American citizens desiring to return to
United States, 534–535, 845
- Soviet employees of American correspondents, 535–536
- U. S. Congress: Act of June 8, 1938, governing
registration of agents of foreign principals, cited, 927, 930; Dies Committee, 784; Joint Resolution of May 1,
1937, cited, 477, 490; neutrality legislation, 373–374, 427, 429, 430, 432, 459, 489, 542, 678–679, 790, 795, 886, 941
- U. S. Marines in Moscow, 114
- U. S. naval vessels, visits to Leningrad and Vladivostok, 112–113, 388, 390–391
- U. S. Navy Department. See
Navy Department
under
Armament control: Battleships
and
Destroyers.
- U. S.-Soviet relations, general reports and discussions with reference to,
283, 284–285, 287–289, 291–296, 307–319, 549–550, 555, 564–567, 583, 585–586, 592–594, 598–599, 776, 784, 790, 794–796
- U. S. State Department. See
State Department
under
Armament control: Battleships
and
Destroyers.
- U. S. Supreme Court, 926, 988
- U. S. War Department, 871–872
- Vilna. See under
Baltic States: Conclusion by
Soviet Union of mutual assistance pact with Lithuania.
- Visas:
- American citizens (including diplomatic personnel), dilatory
practices of Soviet authorities, 389–390, 450–451, 590–591, 626, 628,
659, 844–845, 851; Soviet position, 653–654
- Diplomatic visas for clerical personnel, question of, 64
- Foreign residents of Soviet Union not acquiring Soviet
citizenship, Soviet issuance of exit visas to, 506–507
- Soviet citizens proceeding to United States, question of, 161; Soviet wives of American citizens,
534–535,
845
- Voks, 393
-
Voroshilov, Kliment, 58–59, 123–124, 147, 182–184, 404, 511, 745–746
- Vultee Aircraft Division, Aviation Mfg. Co., 466, 467, 474
-
Vyshinsky, Andrey, 363–364
- War in Europe, predictions of (see also
European situation), 303, 534, 542
- War psychology in Soviet Union, 547
- Warships and war material, efforts of Soviet agencies to purchase in
United States. See
Armament control.
- Western White Russia, 782–783, 785, 790
- Wheat, question of Soviet purchases from United States, 809–811, 813
- Wiring and microphones in U. S. Ambassador’s residence in Moscow, 441–442, 445–446
- World revolution, aim of Soviet Government, 6–7, 224–227, 292, 310–311, 312–314, 561, 733–734, 738
- World’s Fair in New York, 1939, preparations of Red
Army troupe to visit, 844, 846, 852, 854, 855–856
- Youth organizations (see also
Communist International of Youth), 230–231, 234, 237–238
-
Zaikin, Dmitry, Vice Consul, 857–858, 862–864, 867–868
-
Zhdanov, Andrey, 511, 513, 517
-
Zinovyev, Grigory, and
co-conspirators, trial and execution, 300–303, 362, 366, 368, 376, 523