Foreign Relations of the United States Diplomatic Papers,
1932, The Far East, Volume III
Index
- Agreements. See
Treaties, conventions, etc.
- Arms and munitions: U. S. export restrictions on shipment to China,
question of application to Japan, 431–432, 452; U. S.
surplus stocks of war material, Chinese interest in obtaining and U. S.
policy on disposition of, 663–664, 668–669
- Australia, Japanese aims and interests in, 37
- Aviation:
- Chinese desire for services of American aviators to assist in
military training of Chinese aviators, and U. S. refusal to allow
participation of U. S. military personnel, 582–583, 636–637, 643, 680–681, 696,
702; French offer to send military
air mission, 680
- Sale of aviation gasoline by American and British oil companies to
Chinese military, question of, 194, 210, 316–317, 334–335
- Bandits in Manchuria, Japanese operations against, 20, 55, 79,
110, 113–114, 624, 692–693, 722–723
- Belgium. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
- Blockade of Shanghai and other Yangtze ports by Japan, possibility of,
effect on U. S. and other foreign interests, 55,
56, 61–62, 63, 85, 217, 228, 276, 286; U. S. policy regarding “pacific” blockade,
85
-
Borah, William E. (Chairman of
Senate Foreign Relations Committee), letter from Secretary Stimson, Feb. 23,
relative to Nine-Power Treaty, 428–429, 429, 435–436, 440–441, 442, 449, 453, 454–455, 457–458, 462, 467, 470, 525–526, 532, 534, 535, 566–567, 591, 717
- Boxer indemnity payments by new state of “Manchoukuo,” 624
- Boxer Protocol of 1901, cited, 241
- Boxer uprising of 1900, allusions to, 257, 440
- Boycotts, anti-Japanese. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- Canton: Possibility of Japanese attack on, Portuguese fear of, 211; threatened seizure of customs in 1924 and in 1931, cited, 591, 617, 656, 674
- Canton faction, 55, 56, 122, 250, 275, 656, 674
- Censorship of American mail in Manchuria by Japanese, 652–653, 722
-
Chamberlain, Culver B., American
Consul at Harbin, assault at Mukden by Japanese soldiers, 6, 9, 15
-
Chiang Kai-shek. See under
China.
- China (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute):
- Arms and munitions: U. S. export restrictions on shipment to
China, question of application to Japan, 431–432, 452; U. S. surplus stocks of war
material, Chinese interest in obtaining and U. S. policy on
disposition of, 663–664, 668–669
- Aviation:
- Chinese desire for services of American aviators to assist
in military training of Chinese aviators and U. S. refusal
to allow participation of U. S. military personnel, 582–583, 636–637, 643, 680–681, 696, 702; French
offer to send military air mission, 680
- Sale of aviation gasoline by American and British oil
companies to Chinese military, question of, 194, 210, 316–317, 334–335
- Boxer indemnity payments by new state of “Manchoukuo,” 624
- Boxer Protocol of 1901, cited, 241
- Boxer uprising of 1900, allusions to, 257, 440
- Boycott, anti-Japanese (see also under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Shanghai: Anti-Japanese
activity), 61–62, 212, 216, 220–221, 222,
225, 295, 648
- Canton: Possibility of Japanese attack on, Portuguese fear of,
211; threatened seizure of customs
in 1924 and in 1931,
cited, 591, 617, 656, 674
- Canton faction, 55, 56, 122, 250, 275,
656, 674
-
Chang Hsueh-liang, 1, 25, 26, 56, 58, 110, 111, 597,
644, 710
-
Chen, Eugene. See
Political situation:
Chen, Eugene
,
infra.
-
Chiang Kai-shek (see also under
Political situation, infra), military situation, 122, 250, 299, 377,
444, 531, 680
- Chinese Eastern Railway. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign powers: Russia: Manchuria.
- Customs administration. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Chinese administrative
services.
- Financial questions:
- Foreign aid: Hope of foreign loan, 38; possibility of U. S. financial and material
support, unofficial inquiry by Wellington Koo concerning, 415
- Manchurian customs seizure: Loss of revenue
for Chinese Government, 648;
foreign loan service, assurance of payment by new regime,
561, 591, 616, 620–621, 624, 635, 668; nonpayment of domestic loan service, 561, 616, 624
- Proposed measures for increasing income of Government,
368–369
- Shanghai, financial situation, 368
- Flood refugee camp, Japanese air bombardment of, protest by
Director General of National Flood Relief Commission, 329; Japanese explanation and expression
of regret, 366
-
Koo, V. K. Wellington,
21, 38–39, 172, 309, 327, 328,
349–350,
381, 382, 415, 438–439
-
Lo Wen-kan. See under
Political situation, infra.
- Political situation:
- Canton faction, 55, 56, 122, 250, 275, 656, 674
-
Chen,
Eugene (Foreign Minister): 3–4, 15, 16,
25, 30–31, 55, 275, 454, 491; resignation because of
opposition to policy of Chiang
Kai-shek regarding severance of diplomatic
relations with Japan and other steps, 20, 36–37, 38,
55, 61, 64, 65, 72,
77, 78
-
Chiang Kai-shek:
General, 20–21, 25, 39, 55–56, 79, 148, 250, 275, 299; Japan, relations with, 597; opposition to severing of diplomatic
relations and other steps leading to war with Japan, 36–37,
38, 55, 61–62, 63,
64
- Communism, 20–21, 25,
55, 56, 75, 84, 266, 379, 450, 459, 566–567, 576, 649
- Kuomintang, 26, 266, 379, 531, 597
-
Lo Wen-kan,
appointment as Foreign Minister, 91–92, 108, 117, 173, 187, 231–232, 241, 298–299, 724, 729
- Memorandum on the capacity of China to exercise the powers
of a state, prepared for General McCoy by the American Consul General
at Nanking, 647–651
- Transfer of seat of government temporarily from Nanking to
Loyang, 122, 135, 148, 149–150, 172–173, 207
-
Wang Ching-wei, 21, 25,
55–56, 64, 65, 78,
91, 117, 122, 148, 299, 531, 614, 724
- Postal service in Manchuria. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Chinese administrative
services.
- Salt Revenue Administration. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Chinese administrative
services.
- Shanghai International Settlement (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute: Shanghai: International
Settlement): Municipal elections, 622–623; plans for future of,
suggestions by American Consul General at Shanghai, 403–404, 507–508, 682–683, 695; rendition by Great Britain and
United States, possibility of, 76
- Shanhaikuan, Japanese military advance on, 7, 28
- Shantung negotiations of 1922, cited, 125, 427
- Soochow, Japanese aerial demonstrations over, 437, 451
-
Soong, T. V., 38, 117, 122, 149–150, 187,
309, 368, 632, 636–637, 672
-
Sun Fo, 25, 61, 64, 78, 275, 454,
613
- Tientsin: Japanese military threat to, 25, 38; Japanese troops and
military supplies at, 7, 28, 486, 491
-
Wang Ching-wei, 21, 25, 55–56, 64, 65, 78, 91, 117, 122,
148, 299, 531, 614, 724
- Yangtze River valley, possibility of blockade of Shanghai and
other Yangtze ports by Japan, effect on U. S. and other foreign
interests, 55, 56, 61–62, 63, 85, 217, 228, 276,
286
- Chinchow, Japanese occupation of. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Action by Japanese armed
forces.
- Chinese Eastern Railway. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers: Russia: Manchuria.
- Claims. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: U. S.
commercial interests.
- Commission of Inquiry to China and Japan. See
Sino-Japanese dispute: League
of Nations:
Lytton Commission.
- Commissions. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: League
of Nations.
- Communism: China, 20–21, 25, 55,
56, 75, 84, 266, 379, 450, 459, 566–567, 576, 649; Manchuria, 46,
740
- Customs. See
China: Financial
questions: Manchurian customs seizure;
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Chinese administrative
services: Customs Administration.
- Depression, world economic, 26, 211, 415
- Disarmament Conference: Far Eastern situation, relation to disarmament
problem, 431, 454–455, 502–504; general, 157, 170, 174, 239, 363, 402, 428, 429, 430–431, 454–455, 502–504, 589, 705, 734, 735; Japan,
representation at, 183–184; United States, representation at, 182–183, 692n
- Disarmament policy of United States, effect on Far Eastern situation, 454–455
-
Donald, W. H., 25, 58, 84
- Far Eastern crisis. See
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- Flood refugee camp, Japanese air bombardment of, protest by Director
General of National Flood Relief Commission, 329; Japanese explanation and expression of regret, 366
- France (see also under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers), offer to send French military air mission to China, 680
- Germany:
- Nine-Power Treaty, nonratification of, 376, 442
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo,” question of, 420
- Sino-Japanese situation: Consultations with United States, 219, 289–290, 375–376, 442–443; observations on U. S. identic note
of Jan. 7 to China and Japan, 289
- Great Britain. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
-
Hoover, Herbert (President),
proposal for personal appeal to Japanese Emperor by chiefs of state of Great
Britain and United States, 124–129, 138–140, 142–143, 147; draft text,
128–129
- Italy. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
- Japan (see also
Sino-Japanese dispute):
- Kellogg-Briand Pact, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 16, 28, 31, 78, 89, 91–92, 112, 124, 129, 134, 148, 162, 167, 178, 179, 312, 364, 388, 392, 429, 455, 524, 525, 554, 573, 577, 586, 592, 634, 650, 688, 715, 718
-
Koo, V. K. Wellington, 21, 38–39, 172, 309, 327, 328, 349–350, 381, 382, 415, 438–439
- Kuomintang, 26, 266, 379, 531, 597
- League of Nations. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
-
Lo Wen-kan, 91–92, 108, 117, 173, 187, 231–232, 241, 298–299, 724, 729
-
Lytton Commission. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: League
of Nations.
- “Manchoukuo”. See
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria.
-
McCoy, Gen. Frank R.
See
Sino-Japanese dispute: League
of Nations:
Lytton Commission: U. S.
participation.
- Mexico, U. S. appreciation of Mexican assurances of support in event of
difficulties with Japan, 254
- Missionaries and mission property, U. S.: Detention of publications of
Seventh Day Adventists Mission in Manchuria by Japanese censor, 722; protection of, 56
- Nanking. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- National City Bank of New York, 549
- Netherlands. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
- Nine-Power Treaty. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Proposals and suggestions for solution of dispute.
-
Nomura, Admiral, 180–181, 195, 200, 251, 266, 269, 270, 284, 293
- Open-door principle:
- China, 62, 72, 383
- Manchuria: Japanese declarations in support of, 19, 23, 36, 82;
violations of, 14, 114, 311, 603
- Portugal: See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
- Property. See
Sino-Japanese dispute: Protection of foreign lives and property.
-
Pu-yi (Hsuan-tung), 415, 419, 463, 518, 538, 548, 602, 644, 699, 711, 742, 744
- Radio Corporation of America: Manchuria, conclusion of contract with
authorities of new administration, 685–686; Shanghai, U. S. representations to Japanese
authorities for protection of station at Chenju, 59, 81, 491–492, 495, 561–562, 686
- Recognition. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Manchuria: Independent regime.
- Russia. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers.
- Sanctions. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute: League
of Nations.
- Shanghai International Settlement. See under
China.
- Shanhaikuan, Japanese military advance on, 7,
28
- Shantung negotiations of 1922, cited, 125, 427
-
Short, Robert, American aviator,
reported death in air battle with Japanese planes, Japanese representations
and U. S. position regarding, 451, 504–505
-
Simon, Sir John:
- Letter from Secretary Stimson expressing appreciation for cooperative
efforts in connection with Sino-Japanese situation, text, 577
- Statements, etc.: Feb. 12, speech before
Anglo-American Press Association, 301–302; Feb. 18, statement in House of Commons regarding
killing of two British seamen at Shanghai, 390, 391; Mar. 22, statement of policy on Far Eastern situation,
620–621
- Sino-Japanese dispute:
- Boycotts, anti-Japanese:
- Arms embargo, question of application to Japan of U. S.
export restrictions regarding China, 431–432, 452
- Chinese (see also under
Shanghai: Anti-Japanese activity, infra), 61–62, 212, 216, 220–221, 221–222, 225, 295, 648
- World economic, question of: Japanese attitude, 202; sentiment in United States
concerning, 426, 449, 453; U. S. Government, attitude of, 452–453
- Chinese decision to resist Japanese aggression, 38, 122, 415, 417,
438, 450, 531, 576, 666–667
- Chinese declaration of war against Japan, rumors of, 63, 125, 133–134, 147–148, 169–170, 178, 250
- Commissions. See under
League of Nations, infra.
- Correspondence. See under
League of Nations
and
United States, infra.
- Diplomatic relations between China and Japan, Chinese proposals
for severance of, 15, 16, 20, 36–37, 38, 55, 61–62, 63, 64, 72, 77, 78
- Foreign powers:
- Aid and intervention of powers, Chinese desire for, 4, 10,
20, 56, 65–66, 78–79, 275
- Attitude of certain diplomats in Japan toward use of
pressure on Japan, 212, 287, 317, 330, 343, 346, 364–365, 370, 457–458
- Belgium:
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo”, question of, 592
- United States:
- Consultations with, 11n
, 22, 31, 96–97, 592–593
- U. S. identic note of Jan.
7. to China and Japan: Aide-mémoire in cognizance of, text, 31; discussions, 11n
,
22
- France:
- Japan, alleged understanding with, 157, 166, 174, 428, 493, 566
- Military and naval forces, 108, 120, 175, 280, 315, 689
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo,” question of, 420, 552
- Shanghai (see also the following
under
Shanghai, infra:
Cessation of hostilities:
Initial proposal; International Settlement:
Representations: Foreign governments: France), French Concession,
87, 132, 157, 174–175
- United States, consultations
regarding—
- Far Eastern situation, general, 1–2, 84–85, 157–158, 166–167, 173–175, 175–176, 287–289, 373–375, 428–429, 552–553
- Nine-Power Treaty, U. S. draft declaration,
288–289, 374
- Shanghai. See the
following under
Shanghai, infra:
Cessation of
hostilities; Initial
proposal; International
Settlement: Representations: Foreign governments: Joint protests.
- U. S. identic note of Jan.
7 to China and Japan: Discussions, 2, 4–5, 10–11, 21–22; notification of parallel
action by French Government, 35–36
- Germany:
- Nine-Power Treaty, nonratification of, 376, 442
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo”, question of, 420
- United States: Consultations with, 219, 289–290, 375–376, 442–443; U. S. identic note of
Jan. 7 to China and Japan,
German observations, 289
- Great Britain:
- British citizens:
- Damage to lives and property resulting from
military action at Shanghai: General, 100, 209, 368, 378, 390, 391, 393–394, 398, 433–434, 725–726, 754; killing of two British seamen, 368, 378, 390, 391; presentation of
claims, 726, 754
- Plans for evacuation from Shanghai, 85, 413, 446, 464–465
- Military and naval forces, 84, 108, 120, 140, 145, 165, 315, 689, 691, 753–754
- Pro-Japanese attitude, alleged, 360, 566, 614
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo”, question of, 420, 588–589, 621
- Sale of aviation gasoline by American and British
oil companies to Chinese military, question of, 194, 210, 316–317, 334–335
- Shanghai. See the following
under
Shanghai, infra:
Cessation of hostilities:
Initial proposal; International Settlement:
Representations: Foreign governments: Great Britain.
-
Simon, Sir
John:
- Letter from Secretary Stimson expressing
appreciation for cooperative efforts, text, 577
- Statements, etc.: Feb.
12, speech before Anglo-American Press
Association, 301–302; Feb.
18, statement in House of Commons regarding
killing of two British seamen at Shanghai, 390, 391; Mar. 22,
statement of policy on Far Eastern situation, 620–621
- Statements of policy on Far Eastern situation:
- United States, consultations
regarding—
- Far Eastern situation, general, 61–63, 388–389, 389–390, 392, 440–442, 664–666
-
Hoover proposal. See
under
Proposals and suggestions for
solution of dispute, infra.
- Manchuria, Chinese Customs Administration.
See
Manchuria: Chinese administrative
services: Customs
Administration: U. S.
British consultations, infra.
- Nine-Power Treaty, draft statement. See
Proposals and suggestions for
solution of dispute: Nine-Power Treaty: United States: Draft of
possible joint or concurrent statement, infra.
- Shanghai. See the
following under
Shanghai, infra:
Cessation of
hostilities: Initial
proposal; International
Settlement: Representations: Foreign governments: Joint protests.
- U. S. identic note of Jan.
7 to China and Japan. See
under
Proposals and suggestions for
solution of dispute, infra.
- Italy:
-
Lytton
Commission, offer to furnish facilities for, 685
- Military and naval forces, 108, 120, 211, 280, 315, 422, 689; accidental shelling of Libia, 422
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo,” question of, 420
- Shanghai. See the following
under
Shanghai, infra:
Cessation of hostilities:
Initial proposal; International Settlement:
Representations: Foreign governments: Italy.
- United States, consultations
regarding—
- Mexico, U. S. appreciation of assurances of support in
event of difficulties with Japan, 254
- Netherlands:
- Shanghai International Settlement, suggestion for
representations to China and Japan requesting
respect for neutrality of, 87
- U. S. identic note of Jan.
7 to China and Japan, notification and
acknowledgment, 11n
, 23–24
- Portugal: Shanghai International Settlement,
representations to Japan against violation of neutrality of,
211; U. S. identic note of
Jan. 7 to China and Japan,
notification to Portuguese Government concerning, 11n
- Russia:
- China: Attitude toward Russian interest in
Manchurian situation, 21;
relations with, 25, 171, 576
- Japan (see
also
Manchuria, infra):Anti-Japanese press
campaign, report of, 704; nonaggression pact, Russian proposal
for, 556, 557–558, 560
- League of Nations invitation to Russia to
participate in Assembly, question of, 430–431, 449
- Manchuria:
- Chinese Eastern Railway: Japanese military
action involving, 497–498, 629, 692–693, 711, 722–723, 740; officials and
employees, questions concerning, 17, 521, 733; new
flag, 629; shipment of
rolling stock and other railroad property to
Siberia, 439, 600, 624, 646;
transportation of Japanese troops, 171, 195, 454, 483, 555, 557, 558–559, 624
- Communism, Japanese claims of and actions to
combat, 46, 740
- Damage to life and property, 247–248
- Effect of disturbances in Manchuria on
Russo-Japanese relations, 26–27, 554–560, 699, 745
- Grain embargo to prevent Russian grain
shipments from Manchuria, 439, 600, 629, 646
- Interest of Russia in settlement of
Manchurian question, Chinese views, 21
- Military preparations in expectation of
Japanese invasion of Siberia, 17, 46, 439, 559–560, 624, 646
- Mongol leaders, attitude toward Russia, 439–440
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo,” question of,
521, 557, 600
- United States. See
United States, infra.
- Kellogg-Briand Pact, 5, 6, 8, 9,
10, 16, 28, 31, 78,
89, 92, 112, 124, 129, 134, 148, 162, 167, 178, 179, 312, 364, 388, 392, 429, 455, 524, 525, 554, 573, 577, 586, 592, 634, 650, 688, 715, 718
- League of Nations, efforts to preserve peace:
- Appeals by China:
- Initial appeal under art.
11 of the Covenant, cited, 68, 86, 90, 104–107, 130–131; question of concurrent
application of arts. 11 and
15, 104–107, 203
- Request, Jan. 29, for
application of arts. 10 and
15 of the Covenant; Cited,
95, 170, 298; discussions, 104–107, 130–131, 202–204, 205, 206–207, 574, 607, 737; Japanese reservations
regarding application of art.
15 to Manchuria, 202, 203–204, 607, 737;
question of concurrent application of arts. 11 and 15, 104–107, 203; text, 90–91
- Request, Feb. 12, for
referral of dispute to Assembly: Discussions, 296, 302–305, 307–308, 324, 351–352, 370–371, 394–395, 403; Japanese objections as
to legality, 370–371, 394; resolution convoking Assembly to meet
Mar. 3, 403; text, 298
- Commissions:
- Correspondence:
- China and Japan-League:
-
Jan. 29, Chinese
request for application of arts.
10 and 15
[Page 763] of
League Covenant: Cited, 95, 170, 298; discussions, 104–107, 130–131, 202–204, 205, 206–207, 574, 607, 737;
Japanese reservations regarding application of art. 15 to Manchuria, 202, 203–204, 607, 737; question of concurrent application of
arts. 11 and 15, 104–107, 203; text, 90–91
-
Jan. 29, League
expression of concern to China and Japan over Far
Eastern situation, cited, 107, 363
-
Feb. 12, Chinese
request for referral of dispute to Assembly:
Discussions, 296, 301–305, 307–308, 324, 351–352, 370–371, 394–395, 403;
Japanese objections as to legality, 370–371, 394;
resolution convoking Assembly to meet Mar. 3, 403; text, 298
-
Feb. 14, Chinese
submission of protest (dated
Feb. 11) by Director General of National
Flood Relief Commission against Japanese air
bombardment of flood refugee camp, text, 329
-
Feb. 15, Japanese
explanation and regrets over accidental bombing of
flood refugee camp, text, 366
-
Feb. 16, appeal by
League to Japan to respect treaty obligations:
Cited, 389, 390, 391–392, 403, 445, 508;
discussions, 276, 346, 348–349, 351–352, 353, 354–355, 361, 362; text, 363–364
-
Feb. 29, League
proposal to China and Japan for cessation of
hostilities. See
Shanghai: Cessation of hostilities:
New proposal, infra.
-
Mar. 1, Japanese
acceptance of League proposal of Feb. 29, text, 496
-
Mar. 2, League
acknowledgment of Japanese communication of Mar. 1 and request for
information as to local arrangements for cessation
of hostilities, text, 496
-
Mar. 2, Japanese
reply to League communication of Mar. 2, text, 498–499
-
Mar. 2, Chinese
acceptance of proposal of Feb.
29, text, 500–501
-
Mar. 8, Chinese
communication quoting alleged statements by
Secretary Stimson in a conversation with the
Chinese Chargé in Washington: Excerpt, 545; U. S. refutation and
Chinese explanation, 548, 550–552
-
Mar. 8, Japanese
communication regarding necessity for Chinese
cooperation in local arrangements for cessation of
hostilities at Shanghai, text, 546–547
-
Mar. 11, Chinese
protest against threatened seizure of customs at
Antung, text, 561
-
Mar. 12, Chinese
acceptance of resolution of Mar.
11, text, 585–586
-
Mar. 16, Japanese
explanation in regard to Customs Administration at
Antung, text, 598
-
Mar. 22, Chinese
protest against Japanese seizure of customs
revenue in Manchuria, text, 623–624
-
Mar. 29, Chinese
communication containing reports on seizure of
Manchurian customs and salt revenues, excerpts,
651–652
-
Apr. 2, Japanese
denial of reports that Japanese authorities have
taken measures to seize customs revenues in
Manchuria, text, 668
- United States-League:
-
Jan. 16, League
notification of appointment of Gen. McCoy as
American member of Lytton Commission, text, 32–33
-
Jan. 20, Gen. McCoy’s
acceptance of invitation to serve on Lytton Commission,
text, 40–41
-
Jan. 29, League
invitation to United States to be represented on a
provisional commission of inquiry for [Page 764] Shanghai, text, 94; U. S. position, 123–124, 156–157
-
Jan. 30, League
invitation, superseding Jan.
29 invitation, to United States to be
represented on a commission of inquiry for
Shanghai: Discussion, 129–131; text,
129–130; U. S. reply, 131n
-
Mar. 4, League
request for U. S. cooperation with interested
powers in accordance with resolution of Mar. 4: Text, 516; U. S. reply, 517
-
Mar. 11, League
notification to United States of passage of
resolution of Mar. 11:
Text, 568; U. S.
discussions looking toward a reply, 569–572, 572–573
- Japan, threats to withdraw from League, 204, 660–661
-
Lytton Commission (Commission of Inquiry
concerning Manchuria):
- Allusions to, 8, 9, 24, 27–28, 57, 73, 106, 245, 363, 448, 574, 718
- Arrangements, organization, etc. (see also
U. S. participation, infra), 30, 32, 42–43, 44–45, 48–53, 101, 536
- Chairmanship, appointment of Lord Lytton to, 32, 40–41, 45
- Chinese assessor, difficulties with authorities
and surveillance by Japanese police in “Manchoukuo,”
710, 732, 748–749
- Facilities for work of Commission, willingness of
powers to furnish, 685,
686
- Investigations regarding—
- Manchuria, 76,
387, 621, 631, 632, 646–647, 710–711, 712–713, 737–738, 746, 747–751
- Shanghai, 131,
598–599, 600–601, 614, 666; suggestion for utilization of
Commission as neutral observers under terms of
proposal for cessation of conflict, 204–205, 206–207, 216, 220
- U. S. participation:
- Appointment of Gen. Frank R. McCoy as U. S.
representative on Commission, 4, 26, 32–33, 40–41, 44
- Attendance at meetings of Commission by
American Consul at Geneva on behalf of Gen. McCoy, 33, 41, 44–45
- Facilities for work of Commission, U. S.
arrangements for, 685,
686
- Memorandum regarding capacity of China to
exercise powers of a state, prepared for Gen. McCoy by
American Consul General at Nanking, 647–651
- Request by Gen. McCoy for transportation via U.
S. naval vessel from Tientsin to Dairen, U. S.
position, 695–696
- Resolutions:
-
Sept 30, 1931, cited, 28, 35–36, 72, 423, 574
-
Oct. 24, 1931, cited, 28, 423
-
Dec. 10, 1931, cited, 4–5, 10, 22, 28, 41, 49, 72, 162, 167, 423–424, 574
-
Feb. 19, cited, 403
-
Mar. 4:
- Cited, 531–532, 536, 569, 573, 613, 625, 671, 678, 685, 735, 736
- Interpretation of terms, 606–607
- Text, 515–516
- U. S. cooperation, League request and U. S.
compliance, 516, 517
-
Mar. 11:
- Chinese acceptance, 585–586
- Cited, 592–593, 593, 605, 661, 735, 736, 737
- Discussions, 501–504, 508–509, 524–525, 528, 532–533, 535–536, 546, 552, 554, 562, 563–564, 573–575
- Passage, 568
- United States: Cooperation and interest in
League action, 501–504, 508–509, 562, 563–564; letter of appreciation to Sir John Simon, text,
577; League
notification of passage of resolution, text, 568; reply to League
notification, discussions leading to, 569–572; statement to press, text, 572–573
-
Apr. 30, text, 735–737
- Sanctions, invocation of art. 16 of
Covenant against Japan: Chinese request for, possibility of,
15, 36, 38, 64, 68,
72, 76; discussions, 240,
285–286, 390, 441–442, 449, 452–453, 457, 552, 661, 665, 666
- Shanghai situation. See
Shanghai: Cessation of hostilities: League, infra.
- United States. See
United States: Cooperation with League, infra.
-
Lytton Commission of
Inquiry. See under
League of Nations, supra.
- Manchuria, military occupation by Japan and
establishment of state of “Manchoukuo”:
- Action by Japanese armed forces:
- Army officers, independent actions of, 113–114
- Atrocities by Japanese troops against Chinese
civilians, alleged, 33–34
- Bandit forces, Japanese operations against, 20, 55, 79, 110, 113–114, 624, 692–693, 722–723
- Chinchow, Japanese occupation of Jan. 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 22, 27, 28, 76, 263, 699
- Chinese Eastern Railway. See
under
Foreign powers: Russia: Manchuria, supra.
- Chinese military offensive, plans for, 377
- Hailar, 17, 646
- Harbin, 17, 20, 54, 79, 91, 171, 195, 247–248, 268–269, 425, 445, 454, 505–506, 624–625, 646
- Jehol and Chahar, 25,
26, 28, 42, 54–55, 114, 387
- Kirin, 497–498, 662, 693, 698, 711, 712, 722–723, 733, 742
- Kowpangtze, 3
- Manchuria Station, 17,
646
- Mongolia, 15, 45, 46, 54, 114, 387
- Mukden, 134, 312, 564, 698–699, 742
-
Nakamura
case, cited, 699
- Nonni River-Tsitsihar region, 7, 17, 45, 59, 263, 375, 425, 629, 680, 699, 742
-
Pinhsien, 24, 54
-
Suichung, 28
- Troops, Japanese: Number in Manchuria, 45; transportation via
Chinese Eastern Railway, 171, 195, 454, 483, 555, 557, 558–559, 624.
- Tungliao, 31, 34
- Chinese administrative services in
Manchuria, Japanese seizure of:
- Customs Administration:
- Assumption of control and seizure of
revenues by new state of “Manchoukuo” with
assistance of Japanese authorities, 409, 561, 562–563, 591, 598, 616–617, 620–621, 621–622, 623–624, 629, 632–633, 635–636, 646, 648, 651–652, 654–657, 662, 668, 674–675, 739
- Boxer indemnity payments, proposed
assumption by “Manchoukuo,” 624
- Foreign and domestic loan service, proposed
arrangements for payment by “Manchoukuo,” 561, 591, 616, 620–621, 624, 635, 668; nonpayment of Chinese domestic loan
service by “Manchoukuo,” threats of, 561, 616, 624
- League of Nations correspondence with China
and Japan concerning, texts: Mar. 11, Chinese protest against threatened
seizure of customs at Antung, 561; Mar.
16, Japanese explanation in regard to Customs
Administration at Antung, 598; Mar. 22,
Chinese protest against Japanese seizure of
customs revenue in Manchuria, 623–624; Mar. 29,
Chinese reports on seizure of Manchurian customs
and salt revenue, 651–652; Apr. 2, Japanese denial of
reports that Japanese authorities have taken
measures to seize customs revenues in Manchuria,
668
- U. S.-British consultations
and proposals for concurrent action in filing
objections and reservations in regard to
maintenance of the integrity of the Chinese
Customs Administration in [Page 766] Manchuria, 562–563, 577, 620–621, 621–622, 632–633, 635, 654–657, 658, 661–662, 671–672, 673–676, 738–740
- Postal Service, assumption of authority by
“Manchoukuo” with assistance of Japanese, 409, 644–645, 652–653, 657–658, 662; censorship and detention of American
mail by Japanese censor, 652–653, 722
- Salt Revenue Administration, seizure of, 645, 648, 652, 663, 672, 702, 735, 739–740
- Independent regime under Japanese military
control:
- Establishment of new state (see
also
Officials
and
Organization, infra):
- Chinese Government: Attitude, 487, 536; statement concerning so-called
independence movement in Manchuria, text, 422–424
- Harbin: Objection of Department of State to
proposed action by American Consul General in
assisting National City Bank to ascertain legal
status of official of Northeastern Steamship Co.,
549; question of
participation of U. S. official in reorganization
of municipal government, 424–425, 445, 505–506, 543
- Independence of three Northeastern Provinces
of Fengtien, Kirin, and Heilungkiang,
establishment of, 17,
20, 34–35, 54, 59, 350–351, 367, 386–387, 409, 529, 579–580, 742–744
- Mongol chiefs, attitude, 439–440
- Report on events in Manchuria by Gen.
Ma
Chan-shan, Chairman of Provincial
Government of Heilungkiang, 741–747
- Résumé of political developments in
Manchuria by American Consul General at Mukden,
698–700
- Officials of new regime: Japanese
control of, 597–598, 602, 624–625, 700, 724, 733, 745–746; list
of names, 576;
resignation of Chinese officials, 600, 679–680
- Organization of new regime and
inauguration ceremonies: Arrangements, 415, 419, 463–464, 490, 517–518, 521, 529–530, 538, 547–548, 554, 564, 576, 579–580, 587, 591, 602–603, 699–700, 742, 744–746;
Pu-yi
(Hsuan-tung), 415, 419, 463, 518, 538, 548, 602, 644, 699, 711, 742, 744; U. S.
nonacknowledgment of communications and
nonacceptance of invitations from officials of new
regime, 495–496, 529–530, 547–548, 587, 599–600, 636
- Recognition of new regime, question
of:
- Belgium, 592
- Chinese Government, declaration regarding,
586
- France, 420,
552
- Germany, 420
- Great Britain, 420, 588–589, 621
- Italy, 420
- Japan, 452, 557, 617–618, 618
- Russia, 521,
557, 600
- United States: Attitude,
general, 495–496, 552, 589, 592; request by Foreign
Minister of “Manchoukuo” for U. S. recognition,
text, 579–580; U. S.
nonacknowledgment of communications and
nonacceptance of invitations from officials of new
regime, 495–496, 529–530, 547–548, 587, 599–600, 636
- Request of “Manchoukuo” to adhere to International
Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington, 719
- Railway interests in Manchuria: Difficulties between
Chinese and Japanese interests, 11–14, 43–44,
45, 110, 171, 195, 745; Nishihara agreements, cited, 11
- Russia. See
Foreign powers: Russia: Manchuria, supra.
- United States:
- Memorandum from U. S. Ambassador in Japan on
aspects of Manchurian situation, 109–115.
- Plan for solution of Manchurian situation, 688, 713–716
- Protection of lives and property of U. S.
citizens:
- Assault at Mukden by Japanese soldiers on
Mr. Culver B.
Chamberlain, American Consul at Harbin,
6, 9, 15
- Censorship and detention of American mail by
Japanese censor, 652–653, 722
- Claims: Settlement of claims resulting from
Japanese military action, question of, 601; Standard Oil Co.
losses from looting, question of notification of
de facto authorities
regarding, 672–673, 687
- Question of participation of U. S. official in
reorganization of Harbin municipal government, 424–425, 445, 505–506, 543
- Radio Corporation of America, conclusion of
contract with new regime, U. S. position, 685–686
- Nanking, Chinese fears of extension of military action to, and
Japanese assurances in connection with:
- Bombing of city by Japanese naval vessels, 162, 163, 164, 167, 178–179, 185, 187
- Evacuation of U. S. citizens, plans for, 60, 149–151, 185, 228, 246, 619–620
- General, 55, 60, 80,
117, 122, 135, 148, 149–151, 162, 163, 164, 167, 178–179, 185, 187, 207–208, 227, 228, 246, 267, 275, 276, 299, 376–377, 619–620
- Presence of Japanese naval vessels, 135, 150, 164, 207–208, 227, 267, 276, 299, 619; proposal for U. S., British, and French
representations to secure withdrawal of all but one of
Japanese vessels, 207–208, 227
- Transfer of seat of Chinese Government temporarily from
Nanking to Loyang, 122, 185, 148, 149–150, 172–173, 207
- U. S. naval vessels, presence of, 164, 619
- Nine-Power Treaty. See under
Proposals and suggestions for solution of
dispute, infra.
- Political situation in Japan and relation to Sino-Japanese
dispute:
- Conflict of policy between military and civilian elements
of government, 37, 63, 96–97, 108–109, 113, 167, 218, 230, 325–326, 364–365, 426, 597, 632, 728–729
- Election, effect on situation, 251, 364, 373–374, 375, 447
- Financial questions: Obligations resulting from military
action in Manchuria and Shanghai, 326, 365, 729; U. S. loans, possible desire
for, 44, 92–93
- Public sentiment toward—
- Proposals and suggestions for solution of dispute
(see also
Shanghai: Cessation of
hostilities, infra):
- Arbitration, Japanese unwillingness to accept, 104–105, 536
- China, appeals for League action. See
League of Nations: Appeals by China, supra.
- Commissions. See under
League of Nations, supra.
- Direct negotiations, Chinese attitude toward, 4, 30–31, 38–39,
56, 65, 78–79, 129, 275–276
-
Hoover, Herbert
(President), proposal for personal appeal to Japanese
Emperor by chiefs of state of Great Britain and United
States, 124–129, 138–140, 142–143, 147; draft text,
128–129
- International police force for Manchuria, proposed, 110, 114–115
- Kellogg-Briand Pact, 5, 6, 8,
9, 10, 16, 28, 31,
78, 92, 112, 124, 129, 134, 148, 162, 167, 178, 179, 312, 364, 388, 392, 429, 455, 524, 525, 554, 573, 577, 586, 592, 634, 650, 688, 715, 718
- Manchuria: International police force, proposed, 110, 114–115; U. S.
proposals concerning, 688, 713–716
- Mandate for Japan to restore order in Manchuria,
suggested, 111, 112
- Nine-Power Treaty (see
also
U. S. identic note of Jan. 7
, infra):
- Allusions to, 19, 28, 78, 112, 124, 179, 311–312, 388, 392, 423, 562, 567, 617, 634, 650, 661, 688, 715, 718, 727, 728, 740, 742
- China:
- Appeal to United States, France, and Great
Britain as signatory powers, 10, 91–92, 134–135, 148; text, 91–92
- Conference of signatories, Chinese interest
in and U. S. objections, 16, 17–19, 21, 27, 36, 38, 40, 78, 81–82, 177–178
- Invocation by China, proposed, 68–69, 76–77, 86, 121, 148, 170–178;
position of United States and other powers, 69, 121, 176–178
- Great Britain, proposal for Japanese declaration
of intention to respect treaty provisions, 23
- United States, steps in support of
treaty principles:
- Draft of possible joint or
concurrent statement by United States, Great
Britain, and other powers, discussions, 257, 261, 273, 278–284, 288–289, 292, 294–298, 304–305, 308, 324, 335–340, 341–345, 348–349, 352–356, 360, 360–362, 373, 374, 383–385, 408, 424; France, discussions
with, 288–289, 374
- Identic note of Jan.
7 to China and Japan. See
U. S. identic note, infra.
- Letter from Secretary Stimson to Senator
Borah
(Chairman of Senate Foreign Relations Committee),
allusions to, 428–429, 429, 435–436, 440–441, 442, 449, 453, 454–455, 457–458, 462, 467, 470, 525–526, 532, 534, 535, 566–567, 591, 717
- U. S. identic note of Jan.
7 to China and Japan upholding open-door principle
and observance of treaty obligations:
- Allusions to, 121,
445, 591–592, 661
- China: Discussions, 14–15, 16, 17–18, 18–19, 25–26, 30–31, 39–40; reply, 27–29; text of
U. S. note, 7–8
- Germany, observations, 289
- Japan, 7n
, 8–9
- League of Nations: Attitude and possible
endorsement, 76, 121, 286, 577;
transmittal of text of note to, 7n
- Notification to other powers signatory to
Nine-Power Treaty and suggestion for similar action:
- Belgium: Aide-mémoire
in cognizance of, 31;
discussion, 22;
notification, 11n
- France: Discussions, 2, 4–5, 10–11, 21–22; information as to parallel action, 35–36; notification, 10–11
- Great Britain: Discussions, 2, 5–6, 19, 22, 22–23, 86, 388;
notification, 11n
- Italy: Discussions, 6, 48;
notification, 11n
- Netherlands, notification and
acknowledgment, 11n
, 23–24
- Portugal, notification, 11n
- Text, 7–8
- Protection of foreign lives and property:
- Evacuation from places of danger:
- Manchuria:
- Shanghai:
- Anti-Japanese activity by Chinese, and
Japanese action to combat:
- Boycotts and other anti-Japanese activities by
Chinese, 39, 55, 61–62, 70, 71, 78, 83, 88, 93, 98, 102–103, 152, 173–174
- Incidents involving Chinese and Japanese
nationals, 39, 41–42, 46–47, 47, 53–54, 55–57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 66–68, 70, 70–71, 73–75, 76, 77–78, 82–83, 83–84, 84–85, 88–89, 93–94, 95, 98, 100–101, 102–103, 105, 151–152, 312–315
- Japanese demands and reply by Chinese Mayor, Jan. 28, 46–47, 47, 54, 56, 58, 60, 61, 70–71, 80–81, 83, 84, 88–89, 92, 98, 99–100, 102–103, 105, 117, 134, 151–152, 313, 356, 400, 585, 604, 609
- Japanese military operations and Chinese
resistance (see also
International Settlement:
Military action in and near
Settlement, infra):
- Dispatch of Japanese warships and landing of
troops (see also
International
Settlement: Military
action: Japan, violation
of neutrality of Settlement: Entry and landing of Japanese
troops, infra), 46, 71, 76, 77–78, 88, 91, 97, 105, 108, 133, 155, 164, 171, 180, 212–213, 216, 218, 219, 220, 221, 225, 227, 229–230, 232–233, 234, 235–236, 249, 250, 255, 265, 268, 269, 270, 272, 279, 284, 286, 298–299, 313, 315, 320, 330, 331, 332, 333, 340, 378, 416, 487, 493, 495
- Military action, 55, 83–84, 88–89, 89–90, 91, 92, 93, 96, 97, 99–100, 103, 105, 117, 119–120, 122, 132–133, 134, 135–136, 136, 139, 148, 149, 152, 152–153, 164, 166, 169, 171, 173, 175, 179, 180, 181, 185–186, 189–191, 193, 195, 198, 199, 205, 212, 214–216, 217, 218, 225–226, 227, 228, 229, 233–234, 246, 246–247, 248–249, 250, 254–255, 255–256, 261, 262–263, 265–266, 270–271, 273, 275, 276–277, 279, 284–285, 289, 290, 291, 293–294, 298–299, 300–301, 309–310, 313–314, 315, 317–319, 320–321, 327, 330, 331, 332, 333, 338, 340, 356–357, 358, 367–369, 377, 378, 380, 395, 398–399, 444, 464, 484, 487, 491, 495, 498, 510, 595–596, 747; assistance of German
ex-Army officers in direction of Chinese military
plans, reports of, 332
- Mistreatment of Chinese pastor of a
Christian church by Japanese marines, 611–613
- Cessation of hostilities:
- China:
- Appeal to United States, France, and Great
Britain as signatories to Nine-Power Treaty, 10, 91–92, 134–135, 148
- Invocation of arts.
10 and 15 of League
Covenant, application to Shanghai situation, 90–91, 94, 104–107, 130–131, 202–203
- Commissions of investigation:
-
Lytton Commission: Investigation of
Shanghai incident, 131, 598–599, 600–601, 614, 666; suggestion for utilization of
Commission as neutral observers under terms of
proposal for cessation of conflict, 204–205, 206–207, 216, 220
- Shanghai Commission of
Investigation:
- Establishment by League, 94, 95, 123–124, 129–131, 156–157, 186, 245, 323, 325, 409, 590; question of U. S. membership, 94, 95, 123–124, 129–131, 156–157
- Reports, 254–255, 266–267, 274, 295, 333, 351, 418–419, 523–524; U. S. cooperation,
227–228, 254–255, 333, 418–419, 523–524
- United States: Question of
membership, 94, 95, 123–124, 129–131, 156–157; U. S. cooperation,
227–228, 254–255, 333, 418–419, 523–524
- Conference at Shanghai, proposed. See
New proposal, infra.
- Defense Committee of International
Settlement, attempts to establish neutral zone, 87, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143–144, 145, 149, 165, 192, 198–199, 314
- Initial proposal by interested
powers (France, Great Britain, Italy, and United
States) for cessation of hostilities, Feb. 1: Chinese acceptance,
182, 186, 187, 193, 220, 229, 314, 357; good offices of four
powers in efforts to obtain a peaceful settlement,
153–155, 158–165, 166–167, 167–168, 179–184, 186, 195, 196–197, 204–205, 209, 210–211, 211–213, 216, 219–225, 227, 228–229, 230, 234–240, 242, 243, 245, 245–246, 302–305, 309, 314, 324, 329, 357, 389;
Japanese refusal, 179,
182, 195, 196, 204–205, 206–207, 209, 219, 220, 222, 223, 230, 314, 357, 389; terms
of proposal, 167–168
- Japanese ultimatum of Feb.
18 and Chinese refusal. See
under
Local efforts, infra.
- League of Nations (see also
Commissions, supra, and New proposal, infra):
- Appeals by League Council: Jan. 26, expression to China and Japan of
concern over Shanghai situation, 71–72; Feb. 9, appeal
to Japan urging early peaceful solution at
Shanghai, 266–267; Feb.
16, appeal to Japan to respect treaty
obligations, 276, 346, 348, 351–352, 353–355, 362, 363–364, 403, 445; Feb. 19,
request for extension of time limit of Japanese
ultimatum, 402–403, 408
- Resolutions by League Assembly. See
League of Nations: Resolutions: Mar.
4, Mar. 11
, and Apr.
20, supra.
- Local efforts upon Japanese
initiative to end hostilities: Discussions leading
to arrangements for an armistice, 234–235, 238–239, 240–241, 242, 242–243, 251–252, 252–253, 261, 267, 269, 271, 272–273, 278–279, 286–287, 288, 290–292, 299–300, 306, 314, 321, 323–324, 327, 328, 349–350, 357, 368, 372, 373, 376, 377, 378, 381, 390, 392, 396, 397; Japanese ultimatum of
Feb. 18, Chinese refusal,
and renewal of hostilities, 371, 372, 376, 377, 381, 382, 388, 394, 398–400, 401, 402–403, 405–408, 410–411, 411–412, 412, 414, 417, 418, 420–422, 426–428, 429–430, 443–444, 447–448, 450, 456, 464, 478, 490–491, 492–493; text
of Japanese ultimatum of Feb.
18, 382, 399–400
- Neutral zone, proposed. See
Defense Committee, supra.
- New proposal, Feb.
29, by League Assembly for cessation of
hostilities and for a conference at Shanghai for
restoration of peaceful conditions:
- Meetings and consultations at Geneva
regarding proposal and related questions, 458–463, 465–473, 475–477, 479–482, 483, 484–486, 489–490, 493–494, 496–497, 498–501, 509, 511, 515–516, 517, 518, 519, 519–520, 522–523, 524–526, 528, 530, 532–533, 545, 546, 546–547, 548, 554, 563–564, 568, 569–572, 572–575, 585–586, 589–590, 606–607, 689, 697–698, 703–704, 704–705, 706–709, 712, 716, 724–725, 730, 735–737
- Negotiations at Shanghai:
- Bombing incident at Japanese military
review, effect on negotiations, 733–734, 738, 741
- Discussions, preliminary, 473–474, 477, 483, 488–489, 494–495, 497, 499, 509, 518, 519, 520, 520–521, 522, 525–526, 526–527, 537–538, 543–544, 546, 547, 548–549, 563, 575–576, 582, 583–585, 580–587, 590–591, 593–595, 598–599, 600–601
- Formal sessions between Chinese and Japanese
negotiators in presence of [Page 771] neutral observers
regarding terms of armistice agreement, 604–605, 609–611, 613–616, 625–628, 629–631, 634–635, 637–641, 641–642, 652, 653–654, 658–660, 667, 669–671, 673, 677–679, 681–682, 683–685, 687, 688–689, 689–690, 692, 694–695, 697–698, 702–703, 704, 705–706, 706–707, 712, 719–721, 724, 730–732, 747, 751–753
- Resolutions of Mar. 4, Mar. 11, and Apr. 30. See under
League of Nations: Resolutions, supra.
- Signature of Armistice agreement of May 5, and constitution of
Joint Commission to supervise withdrawal of
troops, 753
- U. S. cooperation in efforts for peaceful
settlement, 426–428, 448–449, 458–463, 465–472, 475–477, 480, 482, 484–486, 488–490, 493, 493–494, 501–504, 508–509, 511–515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 519–520, 521, 522–523, 525–527, 528–529, 530, 531–532, 533–535, 545, 548, 550–552, 569–572, 572–573, 577, 590–591, 593–595, 605–609, 621, 653–654, 687, 693–694, 697, 702–703, 706, 708–710, 716–719, 719–720, 721, 732, 733–734, 738, 741, 753
- Proposals by foreign powers and by League
Assembly. See
Initial proposal
and
New proposal, supra.
- Demilitarization of Shanghai and other ports, Japanese
proposal for, 256–257, 280–282, 288–289, 382, 481, 618, 670, 717
- French Concession, 87, 132, 157, 174–175
- International Settlement, violation of
neutrality, and efforts to defend:
- Defense arrangements:
- Consular Body, action of, 47, 64, 66–67, 75–76, 85, 88–89, 102–103, 116, 119, 144, 175, 200–201, 205–206, 258, 310–311, 380–381, 386, 416
- Defense Committee, 82–83, 119–120, 136, 137, 139, 141, 143–144, 146, 149, 165, 171, 172, 187–189, 192, 314, 321;
attempts to establish neutral zone, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142, 143–144, 145, 149, 185–186, 198–199, 314
- Foreign military and naval forces:
- France, 108,
120, 175, 280, 315, 689
- Great Britain, 84, 108, 120, 140, 145, 165, 315, 689, 691, 753–754
- Italy, 108, 120, 211, 280, 315, 422, 689;
accidental shelling of Libia, 422
- Japan (see also
Military action: Japan: Entry and landing of Japanese troops, infra), 108, 116, 266, 315
- Total foreign troops, 108, 266, 315
- United States: Forces, 84, 108, 116, 118–119, 120, 124, 133, 136, 137, 142, 146, 165, 255–256, 280, 315, 689, 691, 753–754; incident on Settlement
border involving 31st
Infantry Regiment, 753–754;
question of withdrawal of 31st Infantry Regiment, 541–543, 553, 572, 691, 753–754; White House statement
of Jan. 31, 146
- Municipal Council:
- Actions and responsibility for preservation
of order, 47, 53–54, 62, 64, 66–67, 70, 75–76, 79–80, 80, 82–83, 88, 89, 98, 116, 118–119, 120, 131–132, 169, 311
- Declaration of state of emergency, Jan. 28, 60, 74, 75, 79–80, 82–83, 87, 105, 131, 230–231, 356, 595
- Japanese interference with municipal
functions, 116, 151, 196, 197–198, 199, 200–201, 206, 209, 248–249, 322, 333, 369, 386, 464, 506–507, 524, 539–541;
restoration of functions, 539–541
- Municipal elections, failure of one American
member to be elected, political significance, 622–623; U. S. attitude, 623
- Policing of International Settlement:
Arrangements, 42, 47, 62, 67, 68; Japanese suggestion for
policing of Japanese-occupied territory contiguous
to Settlement by Settlement police, 84, 97, 115, 118, 120
- Sanitation work in extra-Settlement areas
under Japanese control, necessity for, 565–566, 581
- Volunteer corps, 47, 67, 87, 108, 119, 254–255, 256, 315
- Military action in and near
Settlement:
- Airplane flights over Settlement by Chinese
and Japanese planes, 194, 199, 210, 230, 233, 246–247, 258, 276–277, 277–278, 287, 293, 319, 320, 334, 392–393, 395, 407, 413
- China, military action involving Settlement,
119–120, 122, 136, 140, 147, 151, 173, 259, 381, 400–401, 450
- Japan, violation of neutrality
of Settlement:
- Atrocities against Chinese civilians by
Japanese troops, alleged, 189, 198, 313–314, 333, 444
- Entry and landing of Japanese
troops in Settlement area, 62, 93, 97, 98–99, 171, 227, 230, 233, 235–236, 241, 243, 249, 250, 260, 262, 272, 313, 320, 321–322, 322, 330, 330–331, 337, 340, 366–367, 373, 378, 393, 407, 416, 422, 436–437, 438, 449, 450–451
- Interference by Japanese military and
civilians in defense sectors of other nations:
Actions, 116, 119, 123, 132, 135–136, 136, 144, 146, 148, 151, 169, 171, 172, 187–189, 190, 196, 198, 199, 205, 209, 410, 414–415;
Japanese claims of understanding with Municipal
authorities, 96, 97, 100–101, 105, 117, 118, 148, 165, 192–193, 314–315; U. S.
efforts to avoid clash with Japanese forces in U.
S. defense sector, 116, 118–119, 120, 123, 124, 136, 188–189, 199, 205, 208, 209, 410, 414–415
- Prisoners of war: Chinese civilians detained
in International Settlement by Japanese, efforts
of Municipal Council and Consular Body to obtain
release of, 226–227, 232–233, 249, 310–311;
Chinese combatant prisoners, release of, 588
- Use of Settlement by Japanese troops as base
of attack against Chinese, 98, 100, 116, 118, 119, 119–120, 128, 131–132, 133, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141–142, 144, 145, 146, 148, 151, 169, 171, 174, 176, 189, 191, 192–193, 199–200, 209, 231–232, 235, 238, 259, 260, 262, 268, 269, 277, 289, 309, 313, 330–331, 337, 339, 345, 346–348, 350, 353, 358, 359, 359–360, 370, 371, 385, 389, 400–401, 405–406, 418–419, 422, 432–436, 437–438, 438, 449, 450–451, 455
- Municipal Council. See
under
Defense arrangements, supra.
- Neutrality of Settlement, violation by Japan. See
Military action: Japan, supra.
- Protection of foreign lives and property:
- Damage to lives and property resulting from
military action:
- France, 209
- Great Britain: General, 100, 209, 368, 378, 390, 391, 393–394, 398, 433–434, 725–726, 754; killing of [Page 773] two British seamen, 368, 378, 390, 391; presentation of
claims, 726, 754
- Trade and shipping, 215, 380–381, 455–456
- United States: General, 59, 81, 199, 209, 215, 249, 269, 272, 328, 378–379, 381, 393–394, 398, 419–420, 433–434, 491–492, 495, 561–562, 581–582, 700–701, 723–724, 725–726, 754; presentation of
claims, 478, 578–579, 700–701, 723–724, 725–726, 754; Radio
Corporation of America, Chenju station,
representations to Japanese authorities for
protection of, 59, 81, 491–492, 495, 561–562, 686
- Evacuation plans:
- France, 446
- Great Britain, 85, 413, 446, 464–465
- United States, 74, 83, 85, 133, 331–332, 352, 395–396, 397, 399, 412–413, 446, 464–465
- Representations and protests
regarding violation of neutrality of International
Settlement:
- Foreign governments:
- France (see
also
Joint protests, infra), 157, 173–174, 175–176, 198, 201
- Great Britain (see also
Joint protests, infra), 93–94, 98–100, 115–116, 128, 133, 137–138, 146, 174, 196, 197–198, 201
- Italy (see
also
Joint protests, infra), 116, 198, 201, 210–211
- Joint protests to Japan by
France, Great Britain, Italy, and United States
regarding damage to International Settlement,
discussions, 338–340, 344–345, 345, 346–348, 350, 352–353, 359–360, 362–363, 370, 373–374, 375, 398;
regarding use of Settlement for military
operations, 432–435, 436–437, 450–451
- Netherlands, 87
- Portugal, 211
- United States (see
also
Joint protests, supra), 62–63, 86, 128, 132, 147, 198, 201, 209, 214
- Municipal authorities, 116, 119, 187–189, 198–199, 200–201, 205–206, 258, 259–260, 416, 437–438
- Pastor of Community Church and other
individuals, desire for strong protest against
Japanese actions by U. S. and other Governments,
116, 208, 214; U. S. reply, 214
- Shanhaikuan, Japanese military advance on, 7, 28
- Soochow, Japanese aerial demonstrations over, 437, 451
- Tientsin: Dispatch of Japanese troops and military supplies to,
7, 28, 486, 491;
Japanese military threats to, 25, 38
- Treaties:
- Boxer Protocol (1901), cited, 241
- Kellogg-Briand Pact. See
Kellogg-Briand Pact, supra.
- League Covenant, invocation of. See
League of Nations: Appeals by China, supra.
- Nine-Power Treaty (1922). See-under
Proposals and suggestions for solution
of dispute, supra.
- Portsmouth Treaty (Japan-Russia, 1905), cited, 555,
557, 558–559
- Sino-Japanese treaties concerning Manchuria, cited: Dec. 22, 1905, 11, 12, 14, 713; Map 25, 1915, 2, 6,
8, 110, 311
- United States (see also
U. S. citizens, U. S.
commercial interests, U. S. military
and naval forces, and
U. S. Senate, infra):
- Arms and munitions: U. S. export restrictions regarding
China, question of application to Japan, 431–432, 452; U. S.
surplus stocks of war material, Chinese [Page 774] interest in obtaining, and
U. S. policy on disposition of, 663–664, 668–669
- Cooperation with League of Nations in
efforts to preserve peace:
- Commissions. See
League of Nations:
Lytton Commission: U. S. participation, supra; also
Shanghai: Cessation of hostilities:
Commissions: Shanghai Commission of
Investigation: United
States, supra.
- Correspondence:
-
Jan. 16, League
notification of appointment of Gen. McCoy as
American member of Lytton Commission, text, 32–33
-
Jan. 20, Gen. McCoy’s
acceptance of invitation to serve on Lytton Commission,
text, 40–41
-
Jan. 29, League
invitation to United States to be represented on a
provisional commission of inquiry for Shanghai,
text, 94; U. S.
position, 123–124, 156–157
-
Jan. 30, League
invitation, superseding Jan.
29 invitation, to United States to be
represented on a commission of inquiry for
Shanghai: Discussion, 129–131; text,
129–130; U. S. reply, 131n
-
Mar. 4, League
request for U. S. cooperation with interested
powers in accordance with resolution of Mar. 4: Text, 516; U. S. reply, 517
-
Mar. 11, League
notification to United States of passage of
resolution of Mar. 11:
Text, 568; U. S.
discussions looking toward a reply, 569–572, 572–573
- Exchange of views and information with League
officials, 57, 69, 71–73, 77, 85–86, 94, 94–95, 95, 121, 123–124, 129–131, 156–157, 176–178, 202–205, 206–207, 219–221, 230, 234–240, 240, 244, 245–246, 251–252, 276, 283, 285–286, 292, 295, 301–305, 305–306, 306, 323, 324, 329, 336–337, 340, 341–344, 352–356, 356–358, 392, 397, 406–407, 425–426, 429, 431, 435, 452–453, 456–457, 458–462, 462–463, 465–473, 475–477, 493–494, 501–504, 508–509, 511–515, 519, 522–523, 523, 524–525, 525, 530, 563–564, 569–572, 593, 707–710, 734–735
- Nonassumption of exclusive responsibility for
settlement of dispute, and desire for League action,
274, 283, 291, 292, 303–304, 305–306, 306, 324, 429, 441, 442–443, 453, 535
- Noncooperation with Council, alleged, 329
- Policy of independent action through diplomatic
channels and reenforcement of League action, 5, 10, 73, 123–124, 306
- Representation at League meetings: Arrangements
for liaison with Council, 40, 41, 43, 57, 65, 77, 170, 274, 283; invitation to United
States to participate in Assembly, question of, 324, 402, 430–431, 449, 452, 456–457
- Correspondence:
- China and Japan-United States:
-
Jan. 7, U. S. identic
note to China and Japan. See
Proposals and suggestions for
solution of dispute: U.
S. identic note, supra.
-
Jan. 29, Chinese
appeal to United States, France, and Great Britain
as signatories to Nine-Power Treaty, text, 91–92
-
Jan. 30, Chinese
request for U. S. action under Nine-Power Treaty
in Shanghai situation, text, 134–135
-
Jan. 31, Chinese
protest against Japanese use of International
Settlement at Shanghai as base of attack against
Chinese forces, text, 168–169
-
Feb. 1, Proposal of
powers to China and Japan for cessation of
conflict, text, 167–168
-
Feb. 2, Chinese
acceptance of proposal for cessation of
hostilities, text, 187
-
Feb. 3, Chinese
further suggestions in regard to proposal for
cessation of conflict, text, 193
-
Feb. 5, Two notes
from Chinese Government in further protest against
Japanese use of International Settlement as
military base, texts, 231–232
-
Feb. 9, Appeal to
United States from ten Chinese Associations in
Shanghai, text, 262–264
- Undated, Statement by Chinese Government
summarizing Sino-Japanese dispute, text, 311–315
-
Feb. 14, Chinese
further protest against Japanese use of
International Settlement as base of attack, text,
330–331
-
Mar. 24, Observations
by Chinese Foreign Minister on statement by
British Foreign Secretary in Parliament on Mar. 22, summary, 633–634
- League–United States. See
Cooperation with League:
Correspondence, supra.
- Discussions with—
- Belgium, 11n
, 22, 31, 96–97, 592–593
- China, 9–10, 16, 18–19, 20–21, 21, 30–31, 36–39, 39–40, 55–57, 65, 78–79, 108, 147–148, 176–177, 245–246, 253, 262–264, 309–310, 396, 438–439, 519, 531–532, 537–538, 550–552, 685–686, 726–730
- France. See
Foreign powers: France: United States, supra.
- Germany, 219, 289–290, 375–376, 442–443
- Great Britain. See
Foreign powers: Great Britain: United States, supra.
- Italy. See
Foreign powers: Italy: United States, supra.
- Mexico, 254
- Netherlands, 11n
, 23–24, 87
- Portugal, 11n
, 211
- Recognition of “Manchoukuo,” question of. See
Manchuria: Independent regime: Recognition: United
States, supra.
- U. S. citizens:
- Assault at Mukden by Japanese soldiers upon Mr. Culver B. Chamberlain,
American Consul at Harbin, 6, 9, 15
- Censorship and detention of American mail by Japanese
authorities in Manchuria, 652–653, 722
- Evacuation of American citizens from places of danger:
- Nanking, plans for, 60,
149–151, 185, 228, 246, 619–620
- Shanghai, plans for, 74, 83, 85, 133, 331–332, 352, 395–396, 397, 399, 412–413, 446, 464–465
- Manchuria, question of participation of U. S. official in
reorganization of Harbin municipal government, 424–425, 445, 505–506, 543
-
Short, Robert,
American aviator, reported death in air battle with Japanese
planes, Japanese representations and U. S. position
regarding, 451, 504–505
- U. S. commercial interests:
- Andersen, Meyer & Co., 700–701, 723
- Aviation gasoline, sale to Chinese military by American
and British oil companies, question of, 194, 210, 316–317, 334–335
- Blockade of Shanghai and other Yangtze ports by Japanese,
possibility of, effect on U. S. and other foreign interests,
55, 56, 61–62, 63,
85, 217, 228, 286; U. S. policy regarding
“pacific” blockade, 85
- Boycott, anti-Japanese:
- Arms embargo, question of application to Japan of
U. S. export restrictions regarding China, 431–432, 452
- World economic, question of: Japanese attitude,
202, 458; sentiment in United
States concerning, 426,
449, 453; U. S. Government,
attitude of, 452–453
- China, possibility of U. S. financial and material support
for, unofficial inquiry by Wellington Koo concerning, 415
- Claims for damages resulting from military action:
- Manchuria: Settlement of claims resulting from
Japanese military action, question of, 601; Standard Oil Co.
losses from looting, question of notification of de facto authorities, 672–673, 687
- Shanghai, damage to U. S. lives and property, 59, 81, 199, 209, 215, 249, 269, 272, 328, 378–379, 381, 393–394, 398, 419–420, 433–484, 491–492, 495, 561–562, 581–582, 700–701, 723–724, 725–726, 754;
presentation of claims, 478, 578–579, 700–701, 723–724, 725–726, 754
- Radio Corporation of America: Manchuria, 685–686; Shanghai, Chenju station, 59, 81,
491–492, 495, 561–562, 686
- Robert Dollar Co., 700, 723
- Standard Oil Co.: Manchuria, question of notification of
de facto authorities regarding
losses from looting, 672–673, 687; Shanghai, firing on Standard Oil Co. ship,
369
- U. S. military and naval forces:
- Asiatic Fleet, 63, 137, 197
- Chinese desire for services of American aviators in
training of Chinese military aviators, and U. S. refusal to
allow participation of U. S. military personnel, 582–583, 630–637, 643, 680–681, 696, 702
- Nanking, naval forces at, 150–151, 164, 619
- Shanghai:
- U. S. military and naval forces at, 84, 108, 116, 118–119, 120, 124, 133, 136, 137, 142, 146, 153, 165, 255–256, 280, 315, 689, 691, 753–754
- U. S. Thirty-first Infantry Regiment: Duties at
Shanghai International Settlement, 146, 255–256;
incident at Settlement border involving members of,
753–754; question of withdrawal
of, 541–543, 553, 572, 691, 753–754
- U. S. Senate, interest in Manchurian situation, 2, 40
- Soochow, Japanese aerial demonstrations over, 437, 451
-
Soong, T. V., 38, 117, 122, 149–150, 187, 309, 368, 632, 636–637, 672
- Standard Oil Co.: Manchuria, question of notification of de facto authorities regarding losses from looting, 672–673, 687; Shanghai, firing on Standard Oil Co. ship,
369
-
Stimson, Henry L., letter to
Senator Borah (Chairman of Senate
Foreign Relations Committee), Feb. 28, relative to
the Nine-Power Treaty, 428–429, 429, 435–436, 440–441, 442, 449, 453, 454–455, 457–458, 462, 467, 470, 525–526, 532, 534, 535, 566–567, 591, 717
-
Sun Fo, 25, 61, 64,
78, 275, 454, 613
- Tientsin: Japanese military threats to, 25,
38; Japanese troops and military supplies at,
7, 28, 486, 491
- Treaties, conventions, etc. (see also
under
Sino-Japanese dispute):
- Agreement for Chinese Government five percent gold loan of 1912, cited, 672
- Boxer Protocol of 1901, cited, 241
- International Radiotelegraph Convention of Washington (1921), desire of “Manchoukuo” to adhere to,
719
- Versailles treaty, question of revision of, 591–592
- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. See
Sino-Japanese dispute: Foreign
powers: Russia.
- United States. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- U. S. citizens. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- U. S. commercial interests. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- U. S. military and naval forces. See under
Sino-Japanese dispute.
- U. S. Senate, interest in Manchurian situation, 2, 40
- U. S. war material, Chinese interest in obtaining surplus stocks of, and
U. S. policy on disposition of, 663–664, 668–669
- Versailles treaty, question of revision of, 591–592
-
Wang Ching-wei, 21, 25, 55–56, 64,
65, 78, 91, 117, 122, 148, 299, 531, 614, 724
- Washington Conference of 1922, cited, 56, 125n
, 311, 427
- White House statement of Jan. 31 on protection of
American citizens at Shanghai, text, 146
- Yangtze River valley, possibility of blockade of Shanghai and other
Yangtze ports by Japan, effect on U. S. and other foreign interests, 55, 56, 61–62, 63, 85, 217, 228, 276, 286