List of Papers

[Incoming papers are listed chronologically under date of receipt. Unless otherwise specified, the correspondence is from or to officials in the Department of State.]

I. PRISONERS OF WAR

Treatment of Prisoners of War

[Page XII][Page XIII][Page XIV][Page XV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
May 15, 1917 [Rec’d May 16] From the Postmaster General Order No. 211, suspending mail service for and via Germany, does not apply to mail to or from prisoners of war. 1
616 May 29, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Proposes centralized organization in Switzerland for relief of U.S. prisoners of war in Germany. 1
991 June 2, 1917 [Rec’d June 4] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Report on organizing in Switzerland relief work for U.S. prisoners in Germany. 2
2620316 June 16, 1917 From the Secretary of War Functions of National Committee on Prisons and Prison Labor. Privileges of Swiss Minister. 3
2055 June 16, 1917 [Rec’d June 17] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Organization of the American Prisoners Central Committee. 4
2418 July 5, 1917 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Question of free entry and transit through France of supplies for U.S. prisoners and interned civilians. 4
2330 July 26, 1917 [Rec’d July 27] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) France is disposed to grant transit facilities for U.S. prisoner supplies; arrangements therefor. 5
822 Aug. 8, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) U.S., French, German, and Swiss negotiations for reciprocal free transit of parcels for U.S. and German prisoners. 6
Aug. 9, 1917 To the Secretary General of the War Council, American Red Cross Grounds upon which negotiations are being conducted for reciprocal free transit of parcels for prisoners. 7
613 Aug. 22, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain Howland of American Red Cross to set up in Europe supply system for U.S. prisoners in Germany. Spanish cooperation requested. 7
1494 Aug. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 24] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) French delay in permitting free transit of parcels through France for German prisoners in America. 9
1650 Sept. 15, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 17] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) French Line boats transport limited number of parcels to U.S. prisoners in Germany at fourth-class rate. 9
IX Prinz 6 Sept. 18, 1917 From the Swiss Minister German request for Swiss inspection of camps where officers and crews of Kronprinz Wilhelm and Prinz Eitel Friedrich are imprisoned. 10
506 Sept. 21, 1917 To the Swiss Minister No objection to Swiss inspection of war prison camps, as requested by Germany. 10
Sept. 24, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Limitation of privilege of postal correspondence of prisoners of war in America. 11
988 Oct. 3, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Limited number of parcels permitted on French Line is satisfactory for the present. 11
Oct. 9, 1917 To the Swiss Minister German prisoners in America will be permitted to receive visitors under certain restrictions. 12
Oct. 19, 1917 From the Secretary of War Suggested commission to deal with affairs of U.S. and German prisoners is not approved. 12
1921 Oct. 25, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 26] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Suggestion that U.S. Ambassador in France be directed to request of France free transit of parcels. 13
877 Nov. 12, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 13] From the Chargé in Spain (tel.) Quotes Spanish note verbale stating Germany refuses to permit inspection of prison camps by agents of American Red Cross. 13
1143 Nov. 21, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) French Line is taking measures to insure transportation of postal packages for U.S. and German prisoners. 14
3016 Nov. 26, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 28] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Dresel to Red Cross Spanish report on camp conditions at Brandenburg. 14
46 Dec. 1, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Proposed reciprocity with Germany regarding privilege of permitting prisoners to converse with prison-camp inspectors without witnesses. 15
Dec. 3, 1917 To the Chairman of the War Trade Board Plan approved for censorship and transmission of mail and parcels to and from U.S. and German prisoners. 15
6121 Dec. 26, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to secure information from British escaped prisoners regarding U.S. prisoners in Germany. 17
Dec. 31, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 2, 1918] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) German assent to transmission of parcels for prisoners in Germany. 17
814 Jan. 4, 1918 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Report of proposed ill-treatment of U.S. prisoners in Germany, Investigation requested. 17
3043 Jan. 8 To the Ambassador in France (tel.); the same to representatives in certain other countries Free transmission in the United States of mail and parcels for prisoners of war. Same requested of Government to which accredited. 18
3020 Jan. 11 [Rec’d Jan. 12] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Germany acquiesces in and France gives instructions for forwarding to prisoners postal packages from the United States. 18
Jan. 15 To the Swiss Minister No objection to transmission of limited sums of money to enemy prisoners in Entente countries; application to W.T.B. suggested. 18
Jan. 16 [Rec’d Jan. 17] From the Swiss Legation Swiss telegram reports German statement that U.S. prisoners will be treated like other prisoners. 19
850 Jan. 28 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to request Spain to present to Germany U.S. protest against ill-treatment of U.S. prisoners. 19
1906 Feb. 3 [Rec’d Feb. 4] From the Chargé in Denmark (tel.) Quotes Danish note agreeing to free transit of mail and parcels for prisoners of war. 21
2004 Undated [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Netherland assent to free transit of mail and parcels to or from prisoners of war. 22
2607 Feb. 9 [Rec’d Feb. 11] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss assent to free transit, for the present, of mail and parcels to U.S. prisoners in enemy countries. 22
1062 Feb. 12 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) German reply to U.S. protest against ill-treatment of U.S. prisoners. 22
IX Prinz 6 Feb. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 15] From the Swiss Minister Germany now concedes U.S. prisoners the privilege of conversation without witnesses. Like privilege requested for German prisoners. 23
2720 Feb. 25 [Rec’d Feb. 26] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Suggested arrangement for furnishing counsel in court proceedings against U.S. prisoners in Germany. Case of Paul Nagel. 24
1557 Mar. 4 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Approval of arrangement for defense in court proceedings against U.S. prisoners. Intimation of reprisal in Nagel case. 24
160 Mar. 18 To the Swiss Minister Privilege of conversing with German prisoners without witnesses is granted. 25
6976 Mar. 21 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the Ambassadors in France and Italy Instructions to inquire what assistance Great Britain will accord U.S. citizens in British Army or Navy who may be captured by the enemy. 25
2902 Mar. 20 [Rec’d Mar. 23] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) German Army regulations for clothing of prisoners of war. 26
2209 Mar. 26 From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Proposed purchase of food in America by Dutch–American committee in Amsterdam for supplying U.S. prisoners in Germany. 26
1062 Mar. 28 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Efforts of Dutch-American committee to feed U.S. prisoners in Germany should be discouraged. Complete arrangements already made. 27
3587 Apr, 12 [Rec’d Apr. 13] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) French regulations and proposals for facilitating free transit of prisoners’ mail. 27
3715 Apr. 25 [Rec’d Apr. 26] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) France will accord to U.S. citizens in French Army, who may be captured, same assistance as to its own nationals. 28
1564 May 1 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Quotes Italian note according to U.S. citizens in Italian Army, who may be captured, same assistance as to its own nationals. 29
3315 May 9 [Rec’d May 10] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Concentration of U.S. prisoners of war at Tuchel and Brandenburg camps. 30
10070 May 15 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Great Britain will accord to U.S. citizens in British Army, who may be captured, same treatment as to British subjects. 30
1385 June 4 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Instructions for consuls to advise U.S. prisoners escapinging from Germany to report to U.S. military attaché at London. 30
2280 July 12 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to request Spanish Embassy, Berlin, to convey to Germany U.S. protest against despoiling U.S. prisoners of their property. 31
3967 July 16 [Rec’d July 17] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany is disposed to enter into agreement with the United States regarding defense of prisoners of war under accusation. 31
4062 July 24 [Rec’d July 26] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss to charge half rates for transporting foodstuffs hitherto carried free for prisoners. 32
4071 July 25 [Rec’d July 26] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Switzerland seeks consent of interested Governments to half-rate charge for transporting prisoners’ supplies on Government railways. 32
4104 July 27 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Joint representations to Switzerland against charge for transporting prisoners’ consignments prior to consent by interested Governments. 33
4199 Aug. 5 [Rec’d Aug. 6] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss Federal railways authorized by Federal Council to charge half rates on shipments in bulk, but not on gift packages. 33
2430 Aug. 10 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Chargé of half rates by Switzerland for transport of consignments to prisoners considered reasonable. Instructions. 34
2431 Aug. 12 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Authorization to request Spanish Embassy, Berlin, to voice U.S. protest to Germany against detention of U.S. prisoners in reprisal camps. 34
4330 Aug. 15 [Rec’d Aug. 18] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Removal of U.S. prisoners from Tuchel to Rastatt. Spanish Embassy, Berlin, requested to arrange for internment in interior. 35
4190 Aug. 16 [Rec’d Sept. 10] From the Minister in Switzerland Encloses German note, July 24, protesting against U.S. practice of taking fingerprints, etc., of German prisoners. 35
4929 Sept. 27 [Rec’d Sept. 28] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Reasons for transfer of U.S. prisoners to Rastatt. 36
5031 Oct. 4 [Rec’d Oct. 6] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany rejects suggestion of protected camps for U.S. prisoners. Comments. 36
2356 Oct. 26 To the Minister in Switzerland U.S. practice of taking fingerprints, etc., of U.S. soldiers; same welcomed for U.S. prisoners in Germany. 37
3272 Nov. 5 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to request Spanish Embassy, Berlin, to voice U.S. protest to Germany against forcing U.S. prisoners to work in mines, etc. 38

Arrangement for Payment of Officers

[Page XVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
524 June 12, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain requested to convey to Germany U.S. proposal of reciprocal action regarding pay for officer prisoners. 39
753 Nov. 17, 1917 To the Chargé in Spain (tel.) Spain requested to bring to attention of Germany further notice of U.S. offer regarding officers’ pay. 39
942 Dec. 22, 1917 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Germany is disposed to come to agreement with the United States regarding officers’ pay. 40
Jan. 4, 1918 From the Secretary of War Pay to German officer prisoners discontinued until agreement is concluded with Germany. 40
1488 Feb. 23 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Request for summary of German despatch regarding officers’ pay. 40
2735 Feb. 27 [Rec’d Feb. 28] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Summary of German proposal regarding officers’ pay. 41
1728 Apr. 5 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to request Spanish Embassy, Berlin, to convey U.S. reply to German proposal regarding officers’ pay. 42
4187 Aug. 3 [Rec’d Aug. 4] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes German statement agreeing to U.S. proposal relative to officers’ pay; certain stipulations named. 43
3009 Sept. 27 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany to be informed that officers’ pay will be made according to proposal, pending solution of matter at Berne conference. 44

Proposed Repatriation of Sanitary Personnel

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
815 Aug. 4, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to inquire through Spanish Embassy, Berlin, whether Germany will consider reciprocal release of sanitary personnel. 45
1058 Oct. 26, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) German reply regarding proposed reciprocal release of sanitary personnel is awaited. 45
1707 Nov. 9, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 27] From the Chargé in Switzerland Encloses German note agreeing to reciprocal repatriation of sanitary personnel. Basis of agreement. 45
1800 Apr. 24, 1918 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) For Germany: The United States is willing to adopt as modus vivendi certain principles under Hague and Geneva conventions, though not bound by conventions. 48
4968 Sept. 30 [Rec’d Oct. 2] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel). International Red Cross expresses surprise at statement that the United States is not bound by Geneva convention. 49
3259 Nov. 2 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Reasons why the Hague and Geneva conventions not considered binding on the United States. Proposal of modus vivendi remains unanswered. 50

Disposition Made of Prisoners Captured by American Forces

[Page XVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 22, 1918 From the Secretary of the Navy Discussion of internment in the United States of prisoners captured by U.S. naval forces. 51
Feb. 21 From the Secretary of War Quotes cablegram of Jan. 4 to Pershing requesting views as to disposal of prisoners; reply; comments. 52
Mar. 4 From the Secretary of the Navy Encloses Sims’s message, Mar. 1, containing substance of British Admiralty letter on disposal of prisoners taken by U.S. Navy. 53
Apr. 17 To the Secretary of War Quotes and discusses art. 24 of treaty of 1799 with Prussia regarding disposal and treatment of war prisoners. 55
June 14 From the Secretary of War Quotes cablegram from Pershing questioning wisdom of bringing to this country all German prisoners, in view of labor situation. 56
June 21 To the Secretary of War Views regarding disposal of prisoners of war captured by the United States. 57
Sept. 5 To the Swiss Chargé Location in France of prisoners captured by U.S. forces and directions for sending mail. 58
Sept. 12 From the Acting Secretary of War Quotes Pershing’s message recommending removal to the United States of officer prisoners captured by U.S. forces. 58
Sept. 18 To the Secretary of War No objection to sending enemy officer prisoners to the United States. 59
Sept. 24 From the Secretary of War Disposal of officer prisoners is now before conference at Berne. 59

The American-German Conference at Berne: Agreement of November 11, 1918

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No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
813 Aug. 3, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) American Prisoners Central Committee at Berne as intermediary for war-prison relief; necessity for German recognition; cooperation of Red Cross and Y.M.C.A. 60
1510 Aug. 24, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 26] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Measures recommended by Prisoners Central Committee for agreement with Germany. 61
1670 Sept. 18, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 20] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Additional points suggested for eventual agreement with Germany; special commissioner advisable. 64
Nov. 15, 1917 To the Secretary of War Advisability of reaching general agreement with Germany by negotiation through Spain rather than by conference. Question of separate agreements. 64
2213 Dec. 11, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 13] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) British–Turk and French–German conferences being held at Berne. Similar method advised for settlement of U.S. prisoner matters. 65
Dec. 28, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 4, 1918] From the Secretary of War Recommends one general agreement with Germany, covering all questions on treatment of prisoners. 66
Jan. 17, 1918 [Rec’d Jan. 19] From the Acting Director of the Bureau of Prisoner Relief, American Red Cross Necessity for arranging treaty with Germany before Red Cross can properly care for U.S. prisoners. 67
Jan. 26 To the American Red Cross Draft of proposed arrangement for prisoner relief will be submitted to Germany through Spanish diplomatic channels. 67
1164 Feb. 21 To the Chargé in Switzerland For Germany: draft of proposed reciprocal arrangement regarding treatment and privileges of prisoners. 68
1864 May 7 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Switzerland is requested to provide for internment of certain U.S. invalid prisoners captured by Germany. 76
May 9 From the Assistant Secretary of State Direct conference with Germany recommended in order to bring about agreement. 77
1126 May 15 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain is requested to inquire if Germans will meet U.S. delegates at Berne. 78
3461 May 25 [Rec’d May 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes Swiss note, May 23, acceding to request for internment in Switzerland of U.S. invalid prisoners from Germany. 78
3499 May 29 [Rec’d May 30] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Case of Corp. Edward Roberts. Repatriation has been requested. 79
2019 June 1 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Proposal to Germany of provisional agreement regarding repatriation or neutral internment of invalid prisoners. Case of Thomas McCarthy. 79
3583 June 6 [Rec’d June 8] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Urges definite proposals to Germany regarding repatriation and internment of invalid prisoners. 80
2101 June 15 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany to be urged to permit Swiss examination as to eligibility of invalid prisoners for neutral internment or repatriation. Special cases. 80
3703 June 19 [Rec’d June 21] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany is disposed to enter negotiations with the United States for agreement regarding exchange and internment of prisoners. 81
2147 June 22 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Proposes date for conference with Germany. 81
3786 June 26 [Rec’d June 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany not in position to fix date for conference at Berne. 82
2211 July 1 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Request that Germany set date for conference as soon as possible. 82
2304 July 17 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Request that Swiss Government nominate national to preside over U.S.–German conference. 82
4042 July 22 [Rec’d July 24] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss Government will accept offer to preside over conference if Germany agrees. 83
2349 July 26 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Request that Switzerland as certain whether Germany is willing for Swiss national to preside over conference. 83
2410 Aug. 6 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Request that Germany be urged to make early decision as to date for proposed conference. 84
1659 Aug. 10(?) [Rec’d Aug. 11] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Germany suggests that conference take place the middle of September. 84
4302 Aug. 14 [Rec’d Aug. 16] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Germany requests Swiss Government to preside over coming conference. Latter consents. 85
1440 Aug. 17 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Personnel of U.S. commission to Berne conference. 85
Aug. 22 To the Chairman of the Commission to Prisoners of War Conference Instructions regarding negotiations with Germany. 86
4641 Sept. 8 [Rec’d Sept. 9] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Personnel of German commission to Berne conference. 86
Sept. 13 [Rec’d Sept. 14] From the Ambassador in France (tel.): from Garrett Determination to bring about equal and humane treatment of prisoners of war and interned civilians. 87
Sept. 13 From the Ambassador in France (tel.): from Garrett Question of U.S. responsibility for Germans in Cuba, Panama, etc., and German responsibility for Americans in Turkey. 87
5642 Sept. 17 To the Ambassador in France (tel.): to Garrett Attitude regarding equal and humane treatment of prisoners is approved. 88
Sept. 17 [Rec’d Sept. 18] From the Ambassador in France (tel.): from Garrett Proposals relative to exchange and internment of prisoners on humane basis. Views requested. 88
2776 Sept. 23 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Summary of telegrams from Legations relative to treatment of Germans in certain Latin American countries. 89
2784 Sept. 24 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Feasibility of presenting to the conference the condition of Belgians and French in occupied territory, with view to amelioration. Instructions. 90
2789 Sept. 25 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Conditional approval given proposals relative to exchange and internment of prisoners. 90
2995 Sept. 25 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Germany and Austria-Hungary notified that American Red Cross, Y.M.C.A., etc., are authorized U.S. relief societies. 91
Sept. 25 [Rec’d Sept. 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett First meeting of conference.
Adjournment for separate deliberation on bases of agreement. Essential differences of respective proposals.
91
Sept. 28 [Rec’d Sept. 30] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Report on deliberations in second meeting of conference. 92
3026 Sept. 30 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett List of cases of injury to Americans in Turkey, of possible use as deterrent to German claims and threats. 93
3045 Oct. 2 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Agreement desired regarding treatment of Germans in U.S. Army, naturalized during the war, when taken prisoners by Germany, and the converse. 94
Oct. 1 [Rec’d Oct. 3] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Free hand for commission requested as to employment of exchanged and repatriated prisoners. 94
3073 Oct. 5 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Free hand given commission as to employment of exchanged and repatriated prisoners. 95
Oct. 5 [Rec’d Oct. 8] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett German proposal of U.S. declaration against internment or deportation of Germans in China; other proposals in conference. 95
3095 Oct. 9 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Instructions regarding question of treatment of Germans in Cuba and Panama and of Americans in Turkey and Bulgaria. 96
3106 Oct. 11 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett German proposal with regard to internment or deportation of Germans in China not acceptable. 97
Oct. 14 [Rec’d Oct. 16] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Further negotiations regarding release and repatriation of civilian prisoners. 97
Oct. 18 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Commission desires to propose advance payment to officer prisoners. 98
3147 Oct. 18 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Attitude toward proposed exchange of civilian prisoners. 98
Oct. 19 [Rec’d Oct.’ 20] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Departure of German delegates to Berlin for instructions. 98
Oct. 20 [Rec’d Oct. 21] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Terms of proposed agreement with Germany for exchange of interned civilians. 99
Oct. 25 [Rec’d Oct. 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Germany will not accept provision recognizing as American citizens Germans captured by German forces if naturalized after Aug. 4, 1914. 100
Oct. 25 [Rec’d Oct. 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett Proposed U.S. declaration in conference: not present intention to transport to the United States prisoners subject to compulsory labor. 100
Oct. 26 [Rec’d Oct. 28] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Garrett German delegates acquiesce in certain clauses of agreement; other matters pending. 101
3248 Nov. 1 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Reply to suggested advance pay for officer prisoners; sec. 3648, Revised Statutes, quoted. 101
3258 Nov. 2 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett No objection to proposed declaration in conference regarding transport of German prisoners to the United States. 102
3293 Nov. 7 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett U.S. position regarding treatment of Germans, naturalized in the United States during the war, who may be captured by Germany, and the converse. 103
Nov. 11 German-American Agreement Treatment of prisoners of war, sanitary personnel, and civilians. 103

Proposed American-Austro-Hungarian Conference

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1434 Aug. 16, 1918 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to inquire through Spain whether Austria-Hungary is disposed to agree to a conference to conclude agreement regarding prisoners of war. 157
1871 Oct. 1 [Rec’d Oct. 2] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Austria-Hungary agrees to conference with the United States to conclude agreement regarding prisoners of war. 158
1629 Oct. 3 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions for arranging date of proposed conference. 158
5680 Nov. 9 [Rec’d Nov. 11] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Austria-Hungary requests that opening of conference be postponed. 158
3340 Nov. 15 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Conference indefinitely postponed. Instructions. 159

II. ENEMY ALIENS

Treatment of Enemy Aliens

[Page XXII][Page XXIII][Page XXIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4993 Feb. 4, 1917 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Interview with Zimmermann on provisions of treaty of 1799 allowing citizens or subjects of both countries nine months in which to leave in case of war. 160
Feb. 10, 1917 From the Swiss Minister Quotes German proposal of interpretive and supplementary agreement as to art. 23 of treaty of 1799 between the United States and Prussia. 160
416 Mar. 20, 1917 To the Swiss Minister U.S. refusal to acquiesce in proposed supplementary agreement. Cases cited of German violation of existing treaties. 162
Mar. 30, 1917 [Rec’d Mar. 31] From the Swiss Minister Quotes German communication denying violation of treaties and accusing the United States of violations. 164
1364 Apr. 6, 1917 Proclamation Formal declaration of a state of war with Germany and regulations prescribing conduct toward alien enemies. 165
Apr. 19, 1917 From the Minister in China (tel.) Inquiry regarding entrance into the United States of Germans not of military age and of German women and children. 169
Apr. 21, 1917 To the Minister in China (tel.) Enemy aliens not permitted to enter the United States without special authorization. 169
Apr. 21, 1917 To President Wilson Question of the detention of Germans inimical to the United States without abrogation of the treaty of 1799. 169
May 8, 1917 From President Wilson Privilege of discrimination against Germans desiring to leave who are believed to be inimical to the United States. 170
May 9, 1917 To the Attorney General Transmission of the President’s letter of May 8, supra. 171
353 May 11, 1917 [Rec’d May 12] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) U.S. press representative returning from Germany reports conditions and general attitude toward Americans remaining there. 172
473 May 17, 1917 To the Swiss Minister No objection to distribution by Prisoners of War Relief Committee of necessary funds to needy Germans in the United States. 172
479 May 21, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) For Berlin: representations against undue detention of U.S. citizens in Germany and German-occupied territory. Cases of Clayton and Whipple. 173
641 June 28, 1917 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Formalities alleged as causing delay in departure of Americans from Germany and of Germans from the United States. 173
584 July 10, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) U.S. policy toward departure of German subjects from the United States. 174
July 20, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Status of German subjects detained at Ellis Island. 174
Aug. 9, 1917 To the Swiss Chargé Reply to request for list of Germans detained in the United States as suspicious aliens and charges against them. 175
Aug. 27, 1917 To the Secretary of Labor Inquiry regarding treatment of German subjects detained at Ellis Island and elsewhere under jurisdiction of the Department of Labor. 176
774 Sept. 6, 1917 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Germany will grant passports to Clayton and Whipple. 177
Sept. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 25] From the Assistant Secretary of Labor German subjects detained at Ellis Island and elsewhere are under civilian officers of Department of Labor. 177
Oct. 2, 1917 To Mr. Amos H. Englebeck Standing of alien enemies in U.S. courts during war. 178
Oct. 11, 1917 To the Swiss Minister U.S. policy toward active members of, or reservists in, German military establishment who are in the United States. 179
Oct. 12, 1917 From the Assistant Attorney General Consideration will be given inquiry regarding status of German prisoners of war, etc. 179
16 Oct. 22, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Removal to Hot Springs, N.C., of interned Germans held at immigration station in California. 180
1408 Nov. 16, 1917 Proclamation Additional regulations prescribing conduct toward alien enemies. 180
Nov. 23, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 24] From the Secretary of War Plans contemplated for employment of prisoners of war and interned aliens in the United States. 183
Dec. 4, 1917 To the Secretary of War Concurrence in proposed plans for employment of prisoners of war but not in plans for interned aliens. 185
1417 Dec. 11, 1917 Proclamation Formal declaration of state of war with Austria-Hungary and regulations prescribing conduct toward its citizens in the United States. 185
Dec. 17, 1917 To the Secretary of Labor; the same to the Attorney General and Secretary of War Tentative scheme for control of relief work among interned enemy aliens in the United States, expense to be borne by Germany. 188
307 Dec. 24, 1917 To the Swedish Minister Temporary relief permitted Austrian and Hungarian subjects in the United States, pending organization of Government relief control. 189
1436 Feb. 1, 1918 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Regulations for official inquiry concerning welfare and whereabouts of persons in the United States. 190
127 Feb. 13 To the Swiss Minister Contemplated transfer to Hot Springs, N.C., of German subjects interned at Ellis Island and Gloucester City, N.J. 190
131 Feb. 21 To the Swiss Minister; the same to the Swedish Minister Tentative scheme for administering relief to enemy aliens and prisoners of war in the United States. 191
Mar. 21 To the Secretary of Labor Approval of only voluntary labor on the part of alien enemies in the United States. 191
1443 Apr. 19 Proclamation Extension of regulations prescribing conduct toward alien enemies to include women. 192
1793 Apr. 22 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Authorization for American Red Cross to receive and transmit welfare inquiries through International Red Cross. 194
3446/21 July 3 From the Swedish Minister Austro-Hungarian warning against internment of its subjects without valid cause. Cases of Kunwald and Pohl. 195
Aug. 9 To the Swiss Chargé Alien enemies interned in the United States not permitted to send money to Germany. 195
Aug. 28 To the Swedish Minister Assurance of proper consideration in arrest and detention of female enemy aliens. 195
Sept. 11 Department announcement Formation of the National Alien Enemy Relief Committee; its purposes and functions. 197
Sept. 17 To the Swedish Minister Austrians and Hungarians are not interned without good cause. Cases of Kunwald and Pohl discussed. 199
4437 Sept. 10 [Rec’d Sept. 28] From the Minister in Switzerland Austro-Hungarian statement that U. S. citizens are not interned in the Monarchy. Investigation. 199
IX Sept. 30 [Rec’d Oct. 1] From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German notes verbales, Aug. 12 and 31: (1) protest against internment of German women; (2) conditional granting of safe-conducts to Mrs. Summers and party. 200
3047 Oct. 2 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Assumption that attention of Austria-Hungary will be called to inaccuracy of statement that U.S. citizens are not interned in the Monarchy. 201
Nov. 15 To the Swiss Minister Status and treatment accorded former employees of German merchant steamship companies, interned at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga. 202
Dec. 11 To the Swiss Minister For Germany: U.S. policy regarding internment of German women. 203
[Page XXV]

Special Treatment of Alsatians and Lorrainers, Czecho-Slovaks, and Poles

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
May 27, 1917 From the French Ambassador Necessary precautions requested to prevent friendly Alsatians and Lorrainers being taken for alien enemies. 204
June 7, 1917 From the Attorney General Treatment of Alsatian Germans in the United States. 205
July 23, 1917 To Polish Central Relief Committee of America Encloses Attorney General’s reply, June 29, to protest of Poles against classification as Germans and Austrians. 205
Mar. 22, 1918 [Rec’d Mar. 23] From the Attorney General Suggested change in registration card to prevent classification of French Alsatian-Lorrainers as enemies. Enclosures: letter from French Ambassador, Mar. 18, and reply, Mar. 22. 206
Mar. 26 To the Representative of the Polish National Committee Issuance of certificates of Polish nationality to Poles born in Germany, Austria, and Russian Poland. Enclosure: Attorney General’s letter, Mar. 21. 210
Aug. 20 To the Representative of the Polish National Committee Form of certificates to be issued to certain Poles entitling holders to consideration of U.S. authorities. 212
Oct. 5 To the Attorney General Consideration to be accorded Czecho-Slovaks resident in the United States. 213
Oct. 5 [Rec’d Oct. 8] From the Attorney General Views as to status and consideration due Czecho-Slovaks resident in the United States. 214
Nov. 26 To the Attorney General Lack of consideration to holders of certificates of Polish nationality cited. Proper recognition by Department of Justice desired. 215

Persons of German Birth Naturalized in Countries Other than the United States

[Page XXVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
July 30, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 2] From the British Ambassador Canada’s desire to consider as alien enemies Germans naturalized in the United States; inquiry as to U.S. practice in like cases. 215
1723 Aug. 24, 1917 To the Consul General at Ottawa Department of Labor considers as alien enemies Germans naturalized in countries other than the United States. 216
Dec. 27, 1917 From the Attorney General Interpretation of sec. 4067, Revised Statutes, and recommendations as to its administration. 217
Mar. 13, 1918 To the Argentine Chargé Treatment accorded Alberto Fehlandt as Argentine citizen of German nativity. 219
May 31 To the Attorney General Request for views on claim of Capt. M. S. Hveissel for losses caused by detention at Ellis Island. 220
464 July 18 To the Danish Minister Summary of case of Capt. Hveissel and opinion regarding his claim, submitted by Department of Justice. 221

Officers and Crews of German Merchant Ships in American Ports

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 6, 1917 From the Secretary of Labor Encloses copy of report of Apr. 6 to the President on internment of crews of German merchantmen in U.S. ports. 222
VII Prinz 2 June 14, 1917 From the Swiss Minister German inquiry as to treatment of crews of German merchantmen in U.S. ports. 223
54274 June 26, 1917 [Rec’d June 28] From the Secretary of Labor Treatment of crews of German merchantmen in U.S. ports. 224
Sept. 6, 1917 From the Assistant Secretary of Labor Information for New Zealand regarding treatment of crews of German merchantmen interned at Honolulu. 226
49 Dec. 6, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Internment at San Francisco of Germans removed from merchantmen in the Philippines. 226
Apr. 25, 1918 To the Secretary of Labor Suggested transfer of crews of enemy merchantmen to custody of Department of Justice in order to secure coordination of treatment of interned alien enemies. 227
54278/General May 11 [Rec’d May 14] From the Acting Secretary of Labor Approval of proposed measures for coordination of treatment of interned enemy aliens. 227

Officers and Crews of Captured American Merchant Ships

[Page XXVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
3456 May 25, 1918 [Rec’d May 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Inquiry regarding status and privileges of officers of U.S. mercantile marine imprisoned at Heidelberg. 228
8075 June 4 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquiry as to British attitude toward status of British officers and crews on armed merchantmen captured and interned by Germany. 229
10710 June 19 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.) British attitude toward status of officers and crews of British mercantile marine interned in Germany. 229
4237 Aug. 8 [Rec’d Aug. 9] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Inquiry as to attitude to be taken toward interned officers and crews of U.S. merchantmen who are not U.S. citizens. 231
2611 Aug. 27 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Shipping Board to assume financial relief for interned officers and crews of U.S. merchantmen, whether of U.S. or neutral nationality. 231
2669 Sept. 6 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Garrett Shipping Board desires transfer of certain interned officers of U.S. merchant marine to officers’ camp. Status as civil prisoners to be maintained. 232

Enemy Aliens in Panama, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic: Recommendations of the United States

[Page XXVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 3, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 4] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Panama agrees to cooperate in the internment of Germans. 232
Apr. 12, 1917 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Internment at Taboga Island of Germans from Panama and Colon and from German ships at Cristobal. 233
Apr. 12, 1917 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Internment of German subjects in Canal Zone not favored by President Wilson. Added protection offered Canal Zone. 233
390 June 21, 1917 To the Minister in Panama Swedish complaint against internment of Oscar W. Eliassen; assurances given Panama against loss if internments are carried out according to U.S. policy. 233
Apr. 16, 1918 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Panaman attitude toward U.S. directions to transfer to New York Germans interned at Taboga Island. 234
Apr. 19 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Agreement reached that legal status of interns at Taboga shall not be changed by their transfer to the United States. 235
8–L June 12 [Rec’d June 17] From the Swiss Chargé Germany protests against deportation to the United States of German subjects residing in Panama. 235
June 18 To the Secretary of War Opinion regarding custody of, and jurisdiction over, Panaman interns. 235
I–d–11 June 1 [Rec’d June 29] From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German note of May 16, protesting to the United States against ill-treatment of Germans in the Dominican Republic. 236
VIII-L-2 Aug. 7 [Rec’d Aug. 10] From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German note of May 31 protesting to the United States against ill-treatment of Germans in Cuba. 237
Sept. 4 To the Swiss Chargé Refutation of charges of ill-treatment of Germans in the Dominican Republic. 238
Oct. 28 To the Attorney General History of case and Department’s views regarding removal to the United States of Germans interned in Panama. 239
A.B. 6278–7 Nov. 19 [Rec’d Nov. 22] From the Attorney General Orders for internment in the United States of certain Germans from Panama are without authority and therefore will be canceled. 243

“Ally-of-Enemy” Aliens

[Page XXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1817 Apr. 7, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 9] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Austro-Hungarian proposal for agreement regarding treatment of its subjects and U.S. citizens, each in the country of the other. 244
1836 Apr. 14, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 15] From the Chargé in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austria-Hungary requests reply through Spanish Embassy to proposed reciprocal agreement. 245
520 Apr. 16, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): to Grew U.S. acceptance, with certain changes, of reciprocal agreement with Austria-Hungary. 245
Apr. 20, 1917 To the Swedish Minister Consideration to be accorded officers and crews of certain Austrian ships detained at Ellis Island. 245
171 Apr. 25, 1917 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Request that Sweden forward to U.S. Embassy at Constantinople instructions to report on condition of Americans in Turkey. 246
May 2, 1917 From the Spanish Ambassador Request for U.S. good offices with Allies in obtaining safe-conducts for certain Turkish officials and students leaving the United States. 246
54274/8–B May 2, 1917 [Rec’d May 4] From the Assistant Secretary of Labor Officers and crews of certain detained Austrian ships treated as immigrants; majority released. 247
334 May 6, 1917 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople, May 3: order preventing departure of Americans rescinded. 247
341 May 8, 1917 [Rec’d May 9] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople, May 2: difficulties placed in way of departure from Turkey of Americans from 18 to 45 years of age. 248
194 May 9, 1917 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) For Constantinople: Department embarrassed in aiding departure of unofficial Turks by obstacles met by Americans leaving Turkey. 248
May 12, 1917. To the Spanish Ambassador Safe-conducts will be granted by U.S. and British Governments to certain Turkish officials leaving the United States. 249
911 May 15, 1917 [Rec’d May 16] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes telegram from Spanish Minister, Vienna, in which Austria accepts U.S. changes in proposed reciprocal agreement. 249
369 May 18, 1917 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: report on departure of Americans from Turkey. 250
591 May 19, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Message through Spanish channels to Austria-Hungary of U.S. acceptance of terms of agreement, thereby making it effective. 250
219 May 29, 1917 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Request for further inquiry by Sweden regarding obstacles placed in way of Americans desiring to leave Turkey. 251
414 June 5, 1917 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: further report on departure of Americans. 251
516 June 8, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Request that Spain seek extension of time for Americans in Turkey desiring to cross Austria-Hungary en route to Berne. 252
644 June 29, 1917 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Americans from Turkey will be allowed to pass through Austria-Hungary without time limit. 252
532 July 13, 1917 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: Americans will not be allowed to leave Turkey unless Ottoman subjects are permitted to depart from America. 252
293 July 16, 1917 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Message to Turkey through Sweden: Turkish subjects not prevented from leaving the United States; like privilege expected for Americans in Turkey. 253
546 July 17, 1917 [Rec’d July 18] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: acute situation in Turkey regarding departure of Americans. 253
569 July 24, 1917 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: departure of more Americans from Turkey reported; facilitating departure of Turks from America is urged. 254
570 July 24, 1917 [Rec’d July 25] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople: Ottoman students in America regarded as having official status; procuring safe-conducts urged. 254
Aug. 31 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 1] From the Spanish Minister Turkish note to be put on record regarding Turkish students who have been allowed to leave America. 255
[Page XXX]

III. ENEMY PROPERTY

Treatment op Enemy and “Ally-of-Enemy” Property

[Page XXXI][Page XXXII][Page XXXIII][Page XXXIV][Page XXXV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 8, 1917 Public statement U.S. respect for all private rights of subjects of foreign states. 256
1366 Apr. 6, 1917 Proclamation Regulations under which German insurance companies may maintain agencies in the United States. 256
Apr. 26, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 27] From the Swiss Minister Question of competence of Swiss consuls to receive personal property in settlement of inheritances of absent German heirs. 257
June 1, 1917 To the Swiss Minister Subject of competence of Swiss consuls to act for absent German heirs may be taken up by Congress. 258
225 June 1, 1917 To the Swedish Minister Swedish consuls requested to defer acceptance of money in Austrian and Hungarian inheritance cases, pending action by Congress. 259
1295 June 20, 1917 [Rec’d June 22] From the Belgian Minister Belgian proposal that Allies institute reprisal measures against German spoliation in Belgium. 259
12 July 13, 1917 To the Belgian Minister Private enemy property in the United States can not be confiscated as reprisal measure against German plundering in Belgium. 260
1386 July 13, 1917 Proclamation Prohibiting transaction in the United States of the business of marine and war risk insurance by German companies. 260
495 Aug. 13, 1917 To the Swiss Chargé Swiss consuls requested to defer acceptance of money in German inheritance cases, pending action by Congress. 262
2729–A Oct. 12, 1917 Executive order Vesting authority in designated officers and making regulations under Trading with Enemy Act and Title VII of Act Approved June 15, 1917. 263
1051 Oct. 24, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) For Berlin: inquiry regarding banking restrictions applied to U.S. citizens in Germany. 264
1944/23 Oct. 29, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 30] From the Swedish Minister Request that Swedish consuls be permitted to collect and deposit money belonging to Austro-Hungarians. 265
IV–14 Oct. 31, 1917 From the Swiss Minister German inquiry concerning U.S. sequestration of enemy property and release of enemy patents. 266
1076 Oct. 31, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) For Berlin: inquiry as to report that Germany intends to auction U.S. oil properties in Rumania. 266
29 Nov. 3, 1917 To the Swiss Minister; similar note to the Swedish and Spanish representatives Notification of appointment of Alien Property Custodian. 266
774 Nov. 14, 1917 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.); the same to the Chargé in Switzerland For publicity: statement of the Alien Property Custodian as to his plans and purposes in respect to alien property. 267
1672 Nov. 22, 1917 From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Compulsory registration of enemy property in Germany made applicable to U.S. citizens. 268
Nov. 24, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 27] From the French Ambassador Proposed note by certain Associated Powers to European neutrals for purpose of securing to Allies enemy stocks gathered in neutral countries. 268
295 Dec. 4, 1917 To the Swedish Minister Transmits substance of letter from Alien Property Custodian, Nov. 19, on custody of funds of Austrian and Hungarian subjects in the United States. 269
Dec. 4, 1917 To the Alien Property Custodian Decision regarding custodianship of dividends from U.S. stock, held by Public Trustee of England, presumably for German subject. 270
2770 Dec. 7, 1917 Executive order Additional regulations regarding foreign insurance companies doing business in the United States. 270
Dec. 10, 1917 Statement by the Alien Property Custodian Assurance against seizure of property of Austro-Hungarians resident in the United States. 271
2017 Dec. 14, 1917 To the French Ambassador Inexpedient to join in representations to neutrals regarding enemy stocks of goods in neutral countries. 271
Dec. 21, 1917 To the Alien Property Custodian Suggestion that no demand be made for property in the United States belonging to residents of Turkey. 272
2289 Dec. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 24] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Message from Spanish Embassy, Berlin, regarding German intentions relative to U.S. oil interests in Rumania. 272
88 Jan. 3, 1918 To the Swiss Minister; mutatis mutandis, to the Spanish and Swedish representatives Attention of Swiss consuls called to provision that funds payable to enemy subjects shall be conveyed to Alien Property Custodian. 273
127 Jan. 10 [Rec’d Jan. 15] From the Belgian Minister Measures taken by British–French–Belgian conference, Oct. 9, 1917, to check German depredations in occupied territory; U.S. adherence requested. 274
55 Jan. 14 [Rec’d Jan. 15] From the British Chargé British support off Belgian representations concerning measures to check German depredations in occupied territory. 277
331 Jan. 18 To the Swedish Minister Reply to inquiry as to how provisions of Trading with Enemy Act will apply to Austro-Hungarian subjects. 277
Jan. 19 [Rec’d Jan. 25] From the French Ambassador French support of Belgian representations concerning measures to check German depredations in occupied territory. 278
Feb. 15 Department memorandum Negative reply to representations for U.S. adherence to measures to check German depredations in occupied territory. 279n
IV–14 Jan. 25 [Rec’d Jan. 26] From the Swiss Minister German inquiries regarding dispossession of Hamburg-American Line and liquidation of other German enterprises. 279
1005 Dec. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 26, 1918] From the Ambassador in Spain Encloses German note, Nov. 30, in reply to U.S. inquiry regarding banking restrictions applied to U.S. citizens in Germany. 279
1414 Jan. 28, 1918 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) For Berlin and, mutatis mutandis, Vienna: inquiry regarding status of U.S. property in Germany as affected by official acts; request for periodic reports. 281
Jan. 31 To the Chairman of the Committee on Public Information For publication: information which should be furnished Department for complete record of American-owned property in enemy countries. 281
Jan. 30 [Rec’d Feb. 1] From the French Ambassador Text of German order of Dec. 13 relative to obligatory custodianship of U.S. interests in Germany. 283
2547 Jan. 31 [Rec’d Feb. 2] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Spanish Embassy, Berlin, reports inquiries from U.S. citizens in Germany regarding sequestration of their property in the United States. 284
1427 Feb. 5 Proclamation Including within term “enemy” Germans and Austro-Hungarians in custody of War Department, for purposes of Trading with Enemy Act. 284
129 Feb. 13 To the Swiss Minister Reply to inquiries relative to German patents and private property in the United States. Memorandum of Alien Property Custodian, Feb. 7. 285
Feb. 23 To the Swiss Minister Alien Property Custodian will report to Legation quarterly on property under his control belonging to German subjects in Germany. 287
Mar. 5 To Messrs. Briesen & Schrenk Provision by which Mr. Paul Hagspihl may draw upon personal funds deposited with Equitable Trust Co. of N. Y. 288
1605 Mar. 12 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Property in the United States of U.S. citizens resident in Germany is liable to sequestration. 288
2051 Mar. 16 From the Chargé in Denmark (tel.): Owen to W.T.B. German press report of official order, Mar. 4, for liquidation of U.S. enterprises in Germany. 289
Mar. 17 [Rec’d Mar. 20] From the French Ambassador Possible effect of U.S. nonadherence to Anglo–Franco–Belgian agreement and of U.S. liquidation of enemy property. 290
8476 Mar. 8 [Rec’d Mar. 25] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Encloses German press summary on requiring notification of U.S. and other enemy property in Germany and of German claims against enemy subjects. 291
Mar. 28 Statement by the Alien Property Custodian Authorization for sale of enemy holdings in the United States to effect Americanization of properties. 292
2832 Apr. 2 Executive order Authorizing certain sales to be conducted by Alien Property Custodian pursuant to the Trading with Enemy Act and amendments thereof. 293
Apr. 11 To the Swedish Minister Liquidation of Austro-Hungarian insurance companies in the United States. 294
786 Apr. 18 To the Ambassador in Spain Instructions to ascertain measures taken by Germany regarding property in Germany of U.S. citizens. 294
IV–14–B Apr. 15 [Rec’d Apr. 22] From the Swiss Minister Encloses German note, Mar. 10, protesting against U.S. sequestration of German private property and intimating retaliatory measures. 295
3163 Apr. 25 [Rec’d Apr. 27] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Spanish Embassy, Berlin, quotes extract from German note, Mar. 23, on reprisal measures to be taken against the United States. 296
IV–14 May 10 [Rec’d May 11] From the Swiss Minister Germany inquires whether measures for liquidation of German property in the United States have gone into effect. 297
3348 May 13 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) German reprisal measures apply to property of Americans residing in and outside of Germany. 298
2152 May 25 To the French Ambassador; mutatis mutandis, to the Belgian Minister Taking over of property in the United States of U.S. citizens or of citizens of cobelligerents resident in territory occupied by the enemy. 298
1454 May 31 Proclamation Including certain individuals as “enemies” for purposes of Trading with Enemy Act, and requiring reports as to their property. 299
June 27 To the French Ambassador; similar note to the Belgian Minister Statement regarding restoration of property in the United States belonging to Frenchmen residing in enemy-occupied territory. 302
1464 June 28 Proclamation Taking over the property of the North German Lloyd Dock Co. and Hamburg-American Line Terminal and Navigation Co. 302
June 25 [Rec’d June 28] From the French Ambassador Brazil has been requested to consult Allies before rescinding measures relative to private enemy property. U.S. attitude sought. 303
July 13 [Rec’d July 18] From the French Ambassador Approval of sequestration of property in the United States belonging to Frenchmen residing in enemy-occupied territory. 304
July 24 To the Counselor of the British Embassy Only limited information given out regarding enemy property taken over by Alien Property Custodian. 305
July 31 From the Belgian Minister Approval of sequestration of property in the United States belonging to Belgians residing in enemy-occupied territory. 305
Aug. 1 To the Russian Ambassador No further demands will be made for U.S. custodianship of property of Russians residing in enemy territory. 306
IV–B–14 Aug. 22 [Rec’d Aug. 23] From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German note, June 11, protesting against the sale by the United States of property of the German steamship lines. 307
Sept. 10 To the Alien Property Custodian Treaties with the enemy regarding property rights in the United States not operative. 309
IX Prinz F Sept. 10 [Rec’d Sept. 11] From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German note, July 14, denying liquidation of U.S. property. 310
1277 Aug. 11 [Rec’d Sept. 10] From the Ambassador in Spain Encloses German note, July 18, regarding treatment of U.S. private property in Germany. 311
Sept. 19 [Rec’d Sept. 20] From the Alien Property Custodian Refutation of German claim that German decrees on U.S. private property were reprisal measures. 313
279 Sept. 26 To the Swiss Chargé Equipment of North German Lloyd Dock Co. and Hamburg-American Line Terminal and Navigation Co. taken over by the United States. 314
Sept. 30 To the Swiss Chargé Regulations relative to forwarding of personal belongings to alien enemies after internment. 314
Oct. 3 To the Swiss Chargé Liquidation of German private property, particularly commercial enterprises, is being effected. 315
Oct. 9 To the Swiss Chargé Exemption of $500 granted to internees can not be increased except by act of Congress. 316
Oct. 12 To the Swiss Chargé Alien Property Custodian has ordered the sale of the property of 21 enemy-owned companies. 316
XXV–9 Nov. 27 [Rec’d Nov. 29] From the Swiss Minister Encloses German note, Sept. 30, protesting against U.S. liquidation of German private property in the Philippines. 317
Jan. 2, 1919 [Rec’d Jan. 4] From the Alien Property Custodian Treatment accorded property of German subjects in the Philippines. 318

Enemy Interest in Patents. Copyrights, and Trade-Marks

[Page XXXVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2193 Apr. 21, 1917 To the Ambassador in France (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the Ambassador in Great Britain Possible arrangement with Germany respecting patents, copyrights, and trade-marks. Inquiry as to French arrangements. 319
2081 May 8, 1917 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) French have no agreement with the enemy concerning patents and trade-marks. Domestic laws prescribe regulations. 319
May 18, 1917 To the Swiss Legation Papers relating to patent applications of German subjects are returned because of existence of war. 320
1372 May 24, 1917 Proclamation Authorizing owners of letters patent granted by Germany to make payments required for preservation of their rights. 320
5009 June 16, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the Ambassador in France Request that patent remittances sent to Germany will not be detained en route by Great Britain. 321
9–17–7–1 July 2, 1917 [Rec’d July 5] From the Attorney General Arrangement necessary for transmission of patent remittances to Germany. 321
6705 July 11, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Patent remittances sent to enemy countries allowed to go forward. 322
2326 July 25, 1917 [Rec’d July 27] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Patent remittances permitted to pass without detention. 322
Sept. 21, 1917 To Messrs. Dowell & Dowell No arrangement yet devised for transmission to Germany of patent remittances. 323
Oct. 22, 1917 To the Federal Trade Commission Department activities in assisting U.S. citizens in protection of patent rights in enemy countries. 323
7128 Sept. 21, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 23] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Encloses British note, Sept. 17, reporting no arrangements with the enemy regarding patents and describing domestic regulations. 324
737 Nov. 1, 1917 To the Chargé in Spain (tel.) Quotes section of Enemy Trading Act regarding enemy patent privileges in United States. Inquires whether Germany extends similar privileges. 326
799 Dec. 22, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Renewed inquiry as to extent of patent privileges accorded to U.S. citizens by Germany. 326
6330 Jan. 23, 1918 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the Ambassador in France Will patent documents and remittances passed by U.S. censors proceed through Great Britain en route to Central Powers without further requirement? 327
129 Feb. 13 To the Swiss Minister Encloses statement by Chairman of Federal Trade Com., Nov. 2, 1917, relative to use by U.S. citizens of enemy-owned patents and copyrights. 327
3217 Feb. 19 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Patent documents and remittances for enemy countries permitted by France to proceed, with certain restrictions. 329
8730 Feb. 19 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Patent documents and remittances for enemy countries permitted by Great Britain to proceed, with certain restrictions. 329
2837 Apr. 11 Executive order Revoking authority of designated officers regarding patents, etc., under Trading with Enemy Act. 330
1159 Apr. 18 [Rec’d May 18] From the Ambassador in Spain Encloses German note, Feb. 25, on patent privileges extended to U.S. citizens. 331
837 July 22 To the Ambassador in Spain Legalization by Spanish representatives of documents regarding German patent applications in the United States not sufficient. 332

Property of Enemy and “Ally-of-Enemy” Governments and Officials

[Page XXXVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 24 1917 To the Alien Property Custodian Unwise to take over property belonging to former official representatives of enemy or ally-of-enemy countries. 334
Jan 19, 1918 To the Alien Property Custodian Recommendation that immunity be accorded property of persons in Diplomatic list at time severance of relations with the enemy. 334
Mar. 26 To the Alien Property Custodian Recommendation that bank account held by the Department of Austro-Hungarian Interests, Swedish Legation, be not disturbed. 335
2207 Mar. 26 From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Proposed seizure by German authorities of certain personal property of former Ambassador Gerard. 336
1074 Apr. 1 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Instructions to request Spanish Embassy, Berlin, to protest against seizure of Gerard’s property, calling attention to U.S. treatment of property of German officials. 336
Apr. 3 To the Alien Property Custodian No objection to seizure, as property of German Government, of funds owed to former German commercial attaché. 337
2239 Apr. 18 [Rec’d Apr. 19] From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Germany disposed to respect property of U.S. officials on basis of reciprocity. 337
May 28 [Rec’d June 1] From the Alien Property Custodian Request for opinion regarding seizure of property in Washington owned by the German Government, but distinct from the German Embassy. 337
June 24 [Rec’d June 28] From the Alien Property Custodian Proposed demand upon Swedish and Swiss consuls for money held as trust funds for Austrians and Germans. 338
July 8 To the Alien Property Custodian Unwise to seize property in Washington owned by German Government, but distinct from German Embassy. 338
July 27 To the Alien Property Custodian No objection to seizure of trust funds held by Swedish and Swiss consuls for Austrians and Germans. 339
Oct. 16 To the Alien Property Custodian Advises immunity for residences, and furnishings, of former consuls and their families, but not for other real estate or securities. 339

Enemy Property in Certain Latin American Countries: Recommendations of the United States

brazil: german banks

[Page XXXVIII][Page XXXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
July 21, 1917 [Rec’d July 22] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Classification of Brazilian business houses having German connections. Inadvisability of establishing statutory list. 340
Oct. 27, 1917 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil’s desire to adopt U.S. policies regarding enemy banks, property, etc. 341
Nov. 1, 1917 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Instructions to make representations regarding the reported movement of German funds from South America to Spain. 341
Nov. 12, 1917 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Summary of portion of Trading with Enemy Act pertaining to enemy property, banks, etc. 342
503 Nov. 14, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 15] From the British Ambassador Encloses summary of British instructions to Minister, Rio de Janeiro, to recommend to Brazil certain methods for financial blockade of the enemy. 343
Nov. 18, 1917 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Recommendations that Brazil be requested to enforce strictly the financial blockade of the enemy. 345
Feb. 1, 1918 [Rec’d Feb. 4] From the Secretary of the Treasury Suggested U.S. representations to Brazil regarding its control of credit operations to prevent benefit to the enemy. 345
Aug. 2 [Rec’d Aug. 3] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) German banks and business houses taken over by Brazil. Inquiry as to U.S. methods of procedure. 346
Aug. 10 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) U.S. assurance of withdrawal of statutory list upon elimination of German interests in Brazil. British attitude. 346
Aug. 20 [Rec’d Aug. 21] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Proposed joint note to Brazil: withdrawal of black lists conditional upon making effective certain measures against German concerns and banks. 347
Sept. 4 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Method of procedure in taking over enemy business houses in the United States. 348
Sept. 12 [Rec’d Sept. 13] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Suggested change in proposed joint note to Brazil. Recommendations. 349
Sept. 17 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Quotation from draft of joint note to Brazil. Recommendations. 349
Sept. 27 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Instructions to take no action regarding joint note to Brazil, pending conference with Brazilian Ambassador at Washington. 350
Oct. 9 From the Secretary of the Treasury Disapproval of British plan for taking over German banks in Brazil. Suggestions. 351
Oct. 11 To the Secretary of the Treasury British Embassy informed of U.S. disapproval of British proposed action regarding liquidation of German banks in Brazil. 352
Oct. 17 [Rec’d Oct. 18] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazilian decree canceling right of German banks to operate in Brazil. 352
Oct. 23 The Allied and U.S. representatives to the Brazilian Chargé Recommendations of the Washington conference regarding Brazil’s liquidation of enemy interests. 353
Oct. 31 From the Brazilian Chargé Brazil’s attitude toward the recommendations of the Washington conference. 354
Nov. 2 The Allied and U.S. representatives to the Brazilian Chargé Explanation of the recommendations of the Washington conference. 355
Nov. 9 From the Brazilian Chargé Statement of economic measures taken for reprisal and defense; representations against black list. 356

cuba

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 28, 1917 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) War legislation recommended for Cuba similar to that enacted in the United States. 357
July 13, 1918 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Bill similar to Enemy Trading Act passed by Cuban legislature. 358
July 23 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Two legislative provisions recommended re transfer and disposal of assets from German properties in Cuba. 358
735 Aug. 6 [Rec’d Aug.13]. From the Minister in Cuba Cuban President empowered to issue adequate regulations to include transfer and disposal of German properties. 358
Sept. 20 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Dr. Bustamante has assumed office as custodian of enemy property in Cuba. 359

dominican republic and haiti

[Page XL]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 5, 1918 To the Secretary of the Navy Opinion on application of Enemy Trading Act to Dominican Republic and to transactions of U.S. citizens in the Republic. 359
Aug. 3 To the Secretary of the Navy Status of Haiti and Dominican Republic in regard to imports and exports. 362
Aug. 3 To the Minister in Haiti (tel.) German firms reported buying and storing commodities in Haiti. Instructions to confer with authorities on preventive measures. 362
Aug. 7 [Rec’d Aug. 11] From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) German firms in Haiti are being sequestrated. 362
22 Oct. 29, 1918 [Rec’d Oct. 30] From the Ecuadorian Minister U.S. cooperation requested for protection of Ecuadorian interests in German-controlled cacao plantations. 363
40 Nov. 12 To the Ecuadorian Minister Suggested elimination of German interests in cacao plantations. Assurance of U.S. financial and commercial assistance. 364

guatemala and nicaragua

[Page XLI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
June 24, 1918 [Rec’d June 25] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Custodianship of alien properties offered to U.S. citizen, D. B. Hodgsdon. Advice as to acceptance requested. 365
June 26 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) No objection to Hodgsdon’s appointment as custodian. 365
July 4 [Rec’d July 5] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Hodgsdon accepts appointment; certain railway and power companies are placed in his custody. 365
July 12 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Importance of Guatemala’s enacting measures similar to Enemy Trading Act. Services of W.T.B. adviser offered. 366
July 15 [Rec’d July 16] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Measures taken under Presidential decree for sequestration of four German properties. 366
July 23 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Instructions to convey to Guatemala U.S. attitude regarding transfer of German properties and disposition of proceeds. 366
250 July 30 To the Minister in Guatemala; mutatis mutandis, to the representatives in Honduras and Nicaragua Instructions to seek interview with President on disposition of German-owned property and to offer services of U.S. agent. 367
Aug. 16 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Instructions to seek of President date when Guatemala will begin liquidation of enemy property and to urge acceptance of aid of U.S. agent. 368
Aug. 20 [Rec’d Aug. 22] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) President’s attitude toward liquidation of German property; acceptance of services of U.S. agent. 369
Sept. 12 [Rec’d Sept. 13] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) W.T.B. urged to grant license for much-needed supplies for Empresa Electrica de Guatemala. 370
Sept. 18 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) When authority is given to sell German property, W.T.B. will license supplies for Empresa Electrica de Guatemala. 370
Sept, 20 [Rec’d Sept. 22] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Authority to sell German property in Guatemala will be given in a few days. 370
Sept. 27 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Notice of sale of German properties requested in order that U.S. interests may have opportunity to bid. 371
Sept. 27 [Rec’d Sept. 28] From the Minister in Nicaragua (tel.) Nicaragua will accept offer of loan of special agent from the United States. 371
Oct. 16 [Rec’d Oct. 17] From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Decree issued for sale of German-owned Empresa Electrica de Guatemala. [Footnote states U.S. release of supplies ordered.] 372
Oct. 22 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the representatives in Honduras and Nicaragua Special agent designated to advise Guatemala in alien property administration. 372

honduras: german enterprises at amapala

[Page XLII][Page XLIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Sept. 29, 1917 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Inquiries authorized by Pacific Mail with view to port developments in Honduras. Instructions. 372
Oct. 15, 1917 From the Minister in Salvador (tel.) Honduras will permit U.S. firm to build port at Sacate Grande. 373
Dec. 18, 1917 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Representations to Honduras against German secret contract for commercial activities at Amapala. 373
Dec. 21, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 22] From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Attitude of Honduran President toward German secret, contract, internment, and discontinuance of steamship service. 374
Dec. 20, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 24] From W. R. Grace & Co. Proposed steamship terminal at Sacate Grande impracticable; efforts to get facilities at Amapala free from German control. 374
Dec. 29, 1917 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Instructions to report regarding rumored closing of port of Amapala and canceling of Kohncke agency by Pacific Mail. 375
Dec. 31, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 1, 1918] From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Port Amapala not closed. Service to Amapala suspended by Pacific Mail until establishment of new agency which is not blacklisted. 375
Jan. 5, 1918 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Note to Honduras regarding cessation of ships’ calls at Amapala; suggestion of temporary arrangement and new Pacific port. 376
Jan. 16 [Rec’d Jan. 17] From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Quotes Honduran note regarding new port and temporary facilities. Note deemed unsatisfactory; the Peru instructed not to call at Amapala. 377
Jan. 18 [Rec’d Jan. 20] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Quotes Honduran note proposing Government seizure and operation of German lighters in port of Amapala. Comments. 378
Jan. 21 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Instructions to present to President U.S. plans for Pacific port; Pacific Mail’s plan to send lighters to Amapala; U.S. regret for hardships imposed by enforcement of Trading with Enemy Act; and Government seizure and operation of enemy-owned lighters meet U.S. requirements. 380
Jan. 25 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Quotes Pacific Mail telegram on plan to furnish lighters for steamer service and to survey new port. Instructions. 381
Jan. 27 [Rec’d Jan. 29] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Quotes Honduran note, Jan. 27, guaranteeing satisfactory settlement of Amapala situation. Resumption of steamer service recommended. 382
Feb. 6 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Honduran guaranties satisfactory; resumption of traffic to Amapala through agent of Pacific Mail is approved. 384
Feb. 8 From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Situation at Amapala appears satisfactory. Lighter service to be handled later by Commercial Export Co. 384
Feb. 15 [Rec’d Feb. 16] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Representations made to President, who has forbidden transportation of freight between Amapala and San Lorenzo except by National Agency. 385
Feb. 16 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Necessity no longer exists for utilizing German-owned lighters. Question of German taint now before W.T.B. 386
Feb. 17 [Rec’d Feb. 18] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) The President states traffic between Amapala and San Lorenzo will be thrown open to all if W.T.B. decision is favorable. 386
Feb. 23 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Instructions to make representations to President regarding operation of lighter service by National Agency, 387
Feb. 26 [Rec’d Feb. 27] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) President denies German interest in National Agency, intimating change of manager if necessary. 388
Mar. 1 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) U.S. survey around Sacate Grande contemplated. Honduran permit requested for survey and storage facilities for gasoline. 389
Mar. 1 [Rec’d Mar. 2] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) President agrees to temporary arrangement proposed for movement of cargo and requests general license. Recommendations. 389
Mar. 8 [Rec’d Mar. 9] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Foreign Minister’s views as to permit for U.S. surveys and facilities for storage of gasoline. 390
Mar. 12 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.). Explanation of survey for new port and storage of gasoline. 390
Mar. 18 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Honduran assurances regarding National Agency are satisfactory; no licenses necessary. Open competition in port desired. 391
Mar. 21 [Rec’d Mar. 22] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Formal assurances as to elimination of German interests in National Agency not yet given. Free competition would probably prevent U.S. control. 392
Mar. 27 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Request for formal assurance from Honduras regarding elimination of German interests in National Agency. 392
Apr. 29 To the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Pacific Mail Agency prepared to operate lighterage enterprise. Suggestion that National Agency be discontinued. 393
Apr. 30 [Rec’d May 2] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Impasse reached in negotiations with Honduras regarding operation of lighters at Amapala. 393
May 2 [Rec’d May 3] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Mismanagement and loss of business by National Agency; better opportunities for Pacific Mail. Recommendations. 394
July 11 [Rec’d July 12] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Honduran assurances of fair treatment for Pacific Mail, restriction of National Agency, etc. Recommendations. 395
Sept. 16 [Rec’d Sept. 17] From the Chargé in Honduras (tel.) Honduras desires expert from W.T.B. and Alien Property Custodian as adviser on measures to be taken against Germany. 396

panama

[Page XLIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2066 Aug. 26, 1918 [Rec’d Sept. 10] From the Chargé in Panama Panaman legislation on espionage and trading with the enemy is now probable. 396
Sept. 18 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Proposed additional legislation in Panama on land holdings of alien enemies. Case of German syndicate on Puerto Piñas Bay. 397
Oct. 18 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Favorable to Panaman legislation authorizing sale of land held by alien enemies. 397
2158 Nov. 5 [Rec’d Nov. 20] From the Minister in Panama Draft bill including article authorizing sale of enemy land holdings in Panama. Case of German syndicate on Puerto Piñas Bay. 398
2179 Nov. 20 [Rec’d Dec. 5] From the Minister in Panama Encloses Panaman note, Nov. 20, suggesting that termination of war makes enemy-trade legislation unnecessary. 399

peru: the casa grande sugar plant

[Page XLV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 25, 1918 From the Peruvian Legation Effect in Peru of placing Casa Grande sugar plant on black list. Agreement sought for continuing its operation. 400
Feb. 27 [Rec’d Feb. 28] From the Peruvian Minister Proposed measures whereby Casa Grande sugar plant may operate without benefit to the enemy. 401
Mar. 19 Department memorandum Question of W.T.B. licensing banks to trade with Casa Grande plant, and of turning over to the United States of ex-German ships in Peruvian waters. 401
Apr. 27 [Rec’d Apr. 29] From the Peruvian Legation Reasons why long-deferred settlement of Casa Grande difficulties should be expedited. 402
158 May 6 To the Peruvian Minister Conditions under which temporary enemy trade license will be granted to finance marketing of Casa Grande sugar in Chile. 403
May 14 [Rec’d May 16] From the Peruvian Minister Peruvian Executive order will be issued establishing Government control over Casa Grande sugar plant. 405
May 20 From the Peruvian Minister Appointment of general administrator over Casa Grande plant; request for removal of restrictions. 405
166 June 3 To the Peruvian Minister Temporary license to be granted American banks in Peru to facilitate marketing of Casa Grande sugar in Chile, pending authorization for sale of plant. 406
June 5 [Rec’d June 6] From the Peruvian Minister Request that U.S. officials be notified that no restrictions exist against trading with Casa Grande plant. 407
172 June 18 To the Peruvian Minister Facilities for operation of Casa Grande plant will be revoked unless power of sale is conferred within 15 days. 408
July 10 [Rec’d July 11] From the Peruvian Minister Request has been made to Bremen directory of Casa Grande firm for full power to sell estate. Extension of license to operate is desired. 410
July 27 [Rec’d July 29] From the Peruvian Minister Peru resolves to terminate its administration over Casa Grande plant, as owners refuse full power to sell. 411
195 Aug. 8 To the Peruvian Minister Acknowledgment of notes of July 10 and 27. 411

IV. TRADING WITH THE ENEMY

Trading with the Enemy and with Allies of the Enemy

[Page XLVI][Page XLVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
212 Apr. 6, 1917 Order of the Postmaster General Suspension of exchange of postal money orders between the United States and the German Empire. 412
211 Apr. 7, 1917 Order of the Postmaster General Sending or forwarding of mail matter to Germany or its allies prohibited. 412
Apr. 10, 1917 From the Consul General at Rio de Janeiro (tel.) Inquiry regarding delivery of north-bound cargo from German shippers in Brazil or to German consignees in the United States. 413
Apr. 12, 1917 To the Consul General at Rio de Janeiro (tel.) No legal obstacle to delivery of cargo from German shippers in Brazil or to German consignees in the United States. 413
Apr. 13, 1917 To Messrs. Berliner, Strauss & Meyer Information regarding trade with persons of German origin in Mexico and’ Central and South America. 414
Apr. 17, 1917 To the Cummer Lumber Co. Delivery during the war of phosphate rock to Germany on contracts made prior to the war is not possible. 414
Apr. 19, 1917 To Mr. Emil Schwarz of Messrs. Benj. Schwarz & Sons Advice regarding copartnership with nonresident Austro-Hungarians in business conducted in the United States. 415
Apr. 21, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 22] From the Consul at Guadalajara (tel.) German dealers at Guadalajara uncertain regarding their ability to place orders in the United States. 416
Apr. 25, 1917 To Mr. Jay Zeamer Disabilities of persons in the United States with regard to commercial intercourse with enemy nationals. 416
Apr. 28, 1917 To the Consul at Guadalajara (tel.) Question of Germans in Mexico trading in the United States. 417
May 15, 1917 To Representative Geo. Huddleston No legal obstacle to transactions between U.S. citizens involving German or Austro-Hungarian Government securities. 417
May 23, 1917 To the Hercules Powder Co. Re making further payments to certain Berlin company, as stockholder: all intercourse between U.S. and German residents illegal. 418
June 1, 1917 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) All trading with or for benefit of Germany should be prevented, and ships so engaged should be penalized. 418
June 2, 1917 To the Fidelity and Casualty Co. of N.Y. Payment of funds to German beneficiaries in Germany is illegal. 419
June 9, 1917 To the Edgar Improvement Co. No objection to remittances to Philip Mansch in Austria. 419
July 2, 1917 To the Attorney General No legal obstacle to payment by Nat’l City Bank of N.Y. to Hallgarten & Co. for account of certain Austrian company. 420
July 13, 1917 To Mr. Jules Charmatz Transmission of funds from residents of United States to residents of enemy-occupied territory is illegal. 421
July 26, 1917 To the Safe Deposit & Trust Co. of Baltimore Question of payment of income to wife of Austro-Hungarian diplomat. 421
Sept. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 25] From the Chairman of the Shipping Board Purchase by U.S. citizen of the Albingia and Virginia, at Cartagena, Colombia, from the Hamburg-American Line. 422
Sept. 28, 1917 To the Chargé in Colombia (tel.) Instructions regarding transfer of the Albingia and Virginia from Hamburg-American Line. 423
344 Oct. 1, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 3] From the British Ambassador Attention called to remittances being sent to Austria-Hungary and to enemy-occupied Russian territory through Spanish Embassy at Washington. 423
Oct. 17, 1917 To the British Ambassador Remittances to the enemy, formerly permitted provisionally, now nullified by Enemy Trading Act; special licenses permitted. 424
1989/14 Nov. 5, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 6] From the Swedish Minister Permission requested to continue transfer of credits to Austria-Hungary for needy relatives of persons in the United States. 425
554 Nov. 6, 1917 To the diplomatic and consular officers Instructions to refer to the Department all questions of interpretation of the Trading with the Enemy Act. 426
Nov. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 23] From the Consul General at Saloniki (tel.) Inquiry regarding U.S. firms doing business with local firms having Austrian, Bulgarian, or Turkish connections. 426
Dec. 6, 1917 To the Consul General at Saloniki (tel.) Enemy Trading Act applies to allies of enemy; liability regarding existing contracts would be determined by Greek laws. 427
Dec. 11, 1917 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Early elucidation requested on questions bearing on Enemy Trading Act. 427
Dec. 12, 1917 To the Consul General at Saloniki (tel.) Interpretation of Enemy Trading Act. 427
311 Dec. 29, 1917 To the Swedish Minister Transfer of credits from persons in the United States to Austria-Hungary for needy relatives is prohibited. 428
Dec. 31, 1917 To the Chargé in Costa Rica (tel.) Conditions under which German subjects in neutral countries are considered enemies. 428
Jan. 3, 1918 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Enemy Trading Act applies to U.S. corporations with agencies in Cuba, but not to U.S. citizens resident in Cuba. 429
194 Jan. 24 To the Consul General at Guayaquil U.S. citizens residing outside the United States not subject to penalties of Enemy Trading Act, but duty bound by its policies. 429
Mar. 7 To the diplomatic representatives in Latin American countries (tel.) Action to be taken regarding local U.S. firms or branches which are employing enemy subjects. 430
Apr. 17 To the diplomatic representatives in Latin American countries (tel.) W.T.B. regulations regarding enemy trade licenses for branch houses of U.S. firms in neutral or Allied countries. 430
July 10 To Messrs. Kenefick, Cooke, Mitchell & Bass Advice in regard to securing funds held in Germany to credit of persons in the United States. 431
2202 Sept. 12 To the Minister in Switzerland Advice to U.S. citizens abroad relative to prohibitions under Enemy Trading Act. 432

Trading with the Enemy in China

[Page XLVIII][Page XLIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 14, 1917 From the Minister in China (tel.) Inquiry as to permissibility of commercial relations between Americans and Germans in China. 433
Apr. 23, 1917 To the Minister in China (tel.) No obstacle in law to commercial relations between Americans and Germans in China; policy to be discouraged, however. 434
1454 Apr. 14, 1917 [Rec’d May 12] From the Minister in China Encloses his instructions to Consul, Changsha, Apr. 13, on intercourse with enemy nationals in China as affected by U.S. cooperation with Allies. Requests views. 434
636 June 27, 1917 To the Minister in China Measures pending before Congress on prevention of trade, directly or indirectly, with the enemy. 435
1565 July 13, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 14] From the Minister in China Proposed compliance with British enemy trading regulations pending U.S. legislation on subject; his instructions to Consul General at Shanghai enclosed. 436
676 Aug. 31, 1917 To the Minister in China British theory of blacklisting not supported. Bill before Congress on enemy trade based on principle of domicile, not nationality. 437
Oct. 24, 1917 From the Minister in China (tel.) Does U.S. enemy-trading legislation apply to transactions with Germans and Austrians resident in China? 438
Nov. 10, 1917 From the Minister in China (tel.) Is it advisable for U.S. citizens to pay or receive rents upon existing leases with Germans resident in China? 439
Nov. 30, 1917 To the Minister in China (tel.) Classes with which Americans are prohibited to trade, except with licenses. 439
Dec. 11, 1917 To the Minister in China (tel.) U.S. citizens may pay rent to and receive rent from Germans resident in China on assumption that they are not doing business with enemy. 440
June 14, 1918 From the Minister in China (tel.) Inquiry whether objectionable for Americans to acquire German property in China. 440
June 27 To the Minister in China (tel.) Purchase by U.S. firms in China of property of German subjects not prohibited if within terms of Enemy Trading Act. 440
11 May 24 [Rec’d June 27] From the Special Assistant of the Department of State China cooperates in U.S. and British policy, issuing regulations governing punishments for trading with the enemy. 441
July 8 [Rec’d July 9] From the Chargé in China (tel.): Den-by to W.T.B. Suggestion of U.S. machinery to enforce Enemy Trading Act in China. 441
July 17 From the Chargé in China (tel.): Den-by to W.T.B. Recommendation that naval attaché be empowered to exercise functions of custodian of enemy property in China. 442
Aug. 3 To the Chargé in China (tel.): W.T.B. to Denby Doubtful whether Enemy Trading Act is enforceable in China. Certain arrangements proposed. 442
Aug. 9 [Rec’d Aug. 12] From the Chargé in China (tel.): Denby to W.T.B. Amendment of Enemy Trading Act to include extraterritorial jurisdiction urged. 443
Sept. 7 To the Chargé in China (tel.): W.T.B. to Denby Instructions regarding U.S. commercial dealings with the enemy in China, pending legislative measures. 444
Sept. 10 From the Consul at Shanghai (tel.): to W.T.B. Inquiry regarding commercial operations of U.S. citizens with Germans in China. 444
Sept. 21 To the Consul at Shanghai (tel.): from W.T.B. Regulations for dealing with the enemy in China under Enemy Trading Act. 444

Purchase op Austrian Ships: The Taking Over of the “Martha Washington”

[Page L]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1773 Mar. 20, 1917 [Rec’d Mar. 22] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Telegram of Austro-Americana Steamship Co. to Phelps Bros., relative to sale of certain ships. 445
1617 Mar. 23, 1917 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Instructions to inform steamship company its message will not be forwarded. 446
1644 Apr. 7, 1917 To the Chargé in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Message for Austro-Americana from Phelps Bros., announcing sale of certain Austrian ships and prospective sale of others. Details. 446
515 Apr. 14, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Phelps Bros.’ message to Ferruccio Schiavon, Lucerne, regarding sale of certain Austrian ships. 447
Apr. 17, 1917 Department memorandum Authorization for sale of Austrian ships without restrictions. Warning of possible U.S. requisition. 447
779 Apr. 17, 1917 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Austro-Americana’s message to Phelps Bros., approving of sale of certain ships and authorizing sale of others. 448
865 May 4, 1917 [Rec’d May 5] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Austro-Americana’s request for good offices of Legation to ascertain whether sale of Austrian ships has been completed. 448
1004 June 5, 1917 [Rec’d June 7] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions for Phelps Bros, from Ferruccio Schiavon authorizing sale, under restrictions, of ships and property. 449
686 June 21, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Phelps Bros.’ report to Ferruccio Schiavon, of tentative sale of certain ships, with request for instructions. 450
July 3, 1917 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Message from Ferruccio Schiavon to Phelps Bros., approving of sale of ships. 450n
Dec. 19, 1917 Department memorandum Correspondence and comments relative to taking over by the United States of the Austrian steamship Martha Washington. 451
Dec. 21, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 22] From Mr. Chas. S. Haight, of Haight, Sanford & Smith U.S. seizure of the Martha Washington inexpedient. Reasons. 453
Jan. 9, 1918 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Commissioner of the Shipping Board Plan whereby the Martha Washington and Austrian ships in Spain may be secured by the United States. 454
1315 Jan. 9 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Message from Phelps Bros, to Ferruccio Schiavon, on further negotiations for sale of the Martha Washington and Austrian ships in Spanish waters. 454
2859–A May 11 Executive order Authorization for taking over the Martha Washington by the United States. 455
May 22 [Rec’d May 23] From the Acting Director, Bureau of Enemy Trade, W.T.B. Application of Phelps Bros, for license to transmit to Austria purchase price of ships. 456
June 6 To the Acting Director, Bureau of Enemy Trade, W.T.B. License permitted for transfer to Austria of purchase price of ships. 457
2042 June 6 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Message from Phelps Bros, to Ferruccio Schiavon, with information that the Martha Washington has been seized. 457
Sept. 16 [Rec’d Sept. 25] From the Director, Bureau of Sales, Alien Property Custodian Question of disposition of fund in hands of Phelps Bros, as proceeds from sale of Austrian ships. 458

V. RELIEF OPERATIONS

Belgian Relief

[Page LI][Page LII][Page LIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
6898 Aug. 6, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): C.R.B. to Hoover Allies urged to supply additional tonnage at once. 459
Aug. 14, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 15] From the Second Counselor of the British Embassy Proposed examination of Belgian relief ships in U.S. harbors instead of at Halifax. 459
Oct. 8, 1917 To the British Ambassador Collector of Customs has been instructed to examine relief ships in U.S. ports, thus avoiding call at Halifax. 460
Oct. 18, 1917 The King of the Belgians to President Wilson (tel.) Appeal for additional aid for Belgium. 460
7493 Oct. 22, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquiry into source of future income for Belgian relief. Understanding in Europe that U.S. loan would be sufficient. 461
5669 Oct. 26, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Treasury Department explanations as to amount and terms of U.S. loan for Belgian relief. 462
286 Oct. 26, 1917 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Quotes President Wilson’s reply to the King of the Belgians on diflficulties encountered by C.R.B. Instructions. 463
287 Oct. 26, 1917 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions to discuss informally with Foreign Minister proposition of bringing destitute Belgian children to the United States. 464
98 Nov. 1, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 2] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Foreign Minister suggests that destitute Belgian children be cared for in Switzerland rather than in America. 465
99 Nov. 2, 1917 From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Interview with Foreign Minister: understanding reached regarding U.S. difficulties and sacrifices in bringing relief to Belgium. 465
5766 Nov. 9, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Hoover to Poland Increase in U.S. loan to Belgium contingent upon use of part of British and French loans for expenses in Europe. 466
5828 Nov. 16, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Hoover to Poland World shortage of food and shipping stressed. The United States unable to increase supplies for C.R.B. 466
Nov. 23, 1917 [Rec’d Nov.24] From the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy C.R.B. shortage in tonnage; need for joint tonnage program by Inter-Allied Chartering Executive and U.S. Shipping Board. 467
2850 Undated [Rec’d Dec. 5, 1917] From the Special Representative (tel.) Resolutions of Inter-Allied Conference giving priority to supplies for Belgium and northern France, and guaranteeing tonnage. 468
8050 Dec. 22, 1917 [Rec’d Dec.23] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Poland to Hoover Quotes his letter to Clemenceau on British failure to participate in financing of European requirements for French and Belgian relief. 469
6187 Jan. 7, 1918 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Leffingwell to Crosby Inquiry into cause of British failure to participate in plan for Belgian relief ratified at Paris conference. 470
Jan. 10 [Rec’d Jan. 11] From the Delegate to the Inter-Allied Council (tel.): to McAdoo Reasons for British delay in participating in Belgian relief as agreed upon at Paris. Recommendations. 471
Feb. 13 From the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy Cooperation requested in proposed protest against German preferential distribution of foodstuffs to Belgians working in German interests. 472
Feb. 19 To the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy Unfavorable toward prohibiting shipment of foodstuffs to Belgium because of German preferential distribution. 472
607 Mar. 6 [Rec’d Mar. 25] From the Minister in Belgium Report on conditions in Belgium; possible weakening of morale in face of hunger if C.R.B. work discontinued. 473
7226 Apr. 11 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); to repeat to Paris and Havre Question whether 60,000 tons of available shipping should be allocated to C.R.B. or for military purposes. 475
9507 Apr. 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note favoring use of 60,000 tons shipping for military purposes and securing Swedish tonnage for C.R.B. 476
3610 Apr. 13 [Rec’d-Apr. 14] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Subject of tonnage for military purposes and Belgian relief will be settled in conference at Paris. 477
115 Apr. 18 [Rec’d Apr. 19] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Belgium desires use of available 60,000 tons for food shipments rather than for military purposes. 477
9631 Apr. 21 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note expressing hope that the United States will supply tonnage for troops and for Belgian relief also. 477
10005 May 12 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Stevens to Hurley Proposed arrangement for the United States and Great Britain to share burden of providing tonnage for C.R.B. 478
10024 May 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): C.R.B. to Hoover Urgent that priority claim on tonnage be backed by heads of Governments; British proposal; tonnage requirements. 480
10025 May 13 [Rec’d May 14] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Poland to Hoover Decision must be made between relief for Belgium or transport of munitions and men. U.S. concurrence in British proposal urged, 481
Undated [Rec’d May 14] From the Belgian Prime Minister (tel.) U.S. and British sharing of tonnage responsibility urged to relieve May crisis. 482
May 13 [Rec’d May 15] From the French Ambassador Encloses Clemenceau’s telegram, May 13, to President Wilson quoting Belgian Prime Minister’s appeal to France and Great Britain regarding food situation. 482
May 21 To the Secretary of War President Wilson considers relief to Belgium of prime importance. Immediate action urged. 484
May 23 Public statement issued by the Food Administration Solution of Belgian situation by combined efforts of U.S. and British Governments. U.S. measures. 485
2728 Oct. 11 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Davis to Rathbone Proposed supply of immediate requirements of liberated Belgians from British Army stocks; C.R.B. to reimburse British Treasury. 486
2779 Oct. 14 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Poland to Hoover Tentative arrangements for supply and distribution of food in released territories and for refugees arriving in the Netherlands. 487
2003 Oct. 16 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Rathbone to Crosby Net amount of reimbursements allowed British Treasury for Army rations. 488
2869 Oct. 16 [Rec’d Oct. 17] From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Poland to Hoover Arrangements for care of Belgian refugees in the Netherlands and feeding of the released population. 489
Oct. 18 Department memorandum Preparations for disbandment of C.R.B. Belgian Minister desires that its activities continue. 490
2302 Oct. 19 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Hoover to Poland C.R.B. may continue its work through reconstruction period. 490
2358 Oct. 23 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Hoover to Poland Instructions on measures to be taken to supply needs of released population, in case German safe-conducts not forthcoming. 491
3034 Oct. 23 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): C.R.B. to Hoover France, Great Britain, and Belgium prepared to care for immediate needs of released population. 491
3075 Oct. 24 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Poland to Hoover Plans for supplying food to released population. 492
3127 Oct. 26 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): C.R.B. to Hoover Large numbers of evacuees in the Netherlands. Efforts to relieve suffering. C.R.B. requested to continue certain activities. 493
2484 Oct. 29 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.): Hoover to Poland Instructions regarding handling of French relief. 494
Oct. 29 From the Belgian Minister Belgian plan of reconstruction with aid of Allies. 494
Nov. 6 [Rec’d Nov. 8] From President Wilson Expansion of C.R.B. activities to cover all U.S. relationship, and possibly that of other governments, to Belgian reconstruction. 496
153 Nov. 9 [Rec’d Nov. 10] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Appeal of Belgium for priority in shipment of supplies for reconstruction. 497
323 Nov. 14 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.): Hoover to Whitlock Assurances of U.S. assistance in reconstruction. Specific measures to be taken. 498

Polish Relief

[Page LIV][Page LV][Page LVI][Page LVII][Page LVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
261 Feb, 16, 1917 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to ascertain if Spanish Ambassador in Berlin will receive funds for Jewish war sufferers in Poland. 498
379 Feb. 27, 1917 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spanish Ambassador, Berlin, will receive funds from U.S. committee for Jewish sufferers in Poland. Suggestions. 499
Apr. 21, 1917 To the Treasurer of the Joint Distribution Committee Distribution of $100,000 for relief of Jews in Poland. Plans for future distribution through a committee in neutral country. 499
Apr. 27, 1917 [Rec’d Apr. 30] From the British Ambassador Great Britain discourages proposals to send relief to Russian Jews in Poland. 500
573 May 11, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Red Cross inquires whether General Polish Relief, Vevey, can distribute supplies to Poles outside enemy-occupied territory. 500
913 May 15, 1917 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Polish Relief Committee extends activities to sufferers in Poland and to Polish refugees in Russia. 500
516 May 16, 1917 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Request that Netherland Consul, Warsaw, supervise distribution of relief in occupied portion of Russian Poland. 501
610 May 26, 1917 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to obtain information regarding reliability of General Polish Relief Committee of Vevey. 501
956 May 31, 1917 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Netherland reply regarding relief in Russian Poland awaits settlement of certain problems. 501
1025 June 11, 1917 [Rec’d June 13] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Polish Relief Committee of Vevey highly recommended. 502
June 15, 1917 To the Chairman of the Executive Committee, Polish Victims’ Relief Fund Sending of Polish relief funds to Committee at Vevey is authorized. 502
5012 June 18, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to report British methods of controlling remittances to occupied territories for civil population. 503
6570 June 29, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British opposition to policy of transmitting large funds to occupied territories. Reasons. 503
1330 July 31, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 2] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes telegram of Polish General Committee, Vevey: distressing situation in Poland; appeal for aid. 504
Aug. 13, 1917 To the Treasurer of the Lithuanian National Relief Fund Funds to Lithuania not authorized; relief approved for refugees in Russia through Central Lithuanian Relief Committee in Petrograd. 505
Aug. 21, 1917 To the Polish Victims’ Relief Fund Organization authorized to transmit funds to Vevey Committee in Russian Poland and requested to act as clearing house for other Polish relief agencies. 506
Aug. 23, 1917 To Rev. N., Pidhorecki, of the Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church of St. George American Express Co. and C.B. Richard & Co. given conditional authorization to transmit funds to Ruthenians in occupied territory. 507
Aug. 24, 1917 To C. B. Richard & Co. Conditions and limitations under which relief funds may be sent to enemy-occupied Russian Poland. 507
Sept. 5, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 6] From the Russian Embassy Russian support given appeal of Polish General Committee in Switzerland. 508
5459 Sept. 21, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquiry regarding British method of sending remittances to Poland. 509
985 Oct. 2, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Red Cross proposal to deliver in Berne, for distribution in Polish cities, milk for babies and young children. 509
Oct. 3, 1917 To the British Ambassador Red Cross favors shipment of milk for babies in Poland but no general relief. Certain remittances permitted. 510
1817 Oct. 8, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 10] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Whitehouse to Castle Appeal of Polish Committee, Vevey, to relieve desperate situation in Poland. Cash remittances recommended. 512
1016 Oct. 11, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.); from Red Cross Ready to send $100,000 for purchases in Switzerland for relief of children in Poland. 513
721 Oct. 12, 1917 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Germany disposed to facilitate distribution of relief to Jews in occupied territory through Netherland representatives. 513
1487 Oct. 15, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 16] From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Germany has no objection to $40,000 being paid Mr. Nathanson through Dutch Consul at Warsaw. 514
Oct. 16, 1917 To the Polish Victims’ Relief Fund; mutatis mutandis, to Amer. Express Co. and Richard & Co. Transmission of drafts, etc., prohibited by Enemy Trading Act, until licenses can be granted by W.T.B. 514
2716 Oct. 16, 1917 To the Ambassador in France (tel.): to Dresel American Red Cross inquires British attitude toward proposed relief of Polish children. 515
729 Oct. 18, 1917 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Inquiry whether Germany has agreed to let Dutch Consul distribute U.S. funds in general or only in case of $40,000. 515
1529 Oct. 22, 1917 From the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Sending of $40,000 to Warsaw was test case; similar privilege now understood to cover all occupied territory. 515
1898 Oct. 20, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 22] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Dresel to Red Cross Purchase in Switzerland of supplies for Poland impracticable. British favor transfer of funds for local purchases. 516
Oct. 26, 1917 To the Polish Victims’ Relief Fund; mutatis mutandis, to Amer. Express Co. and Richard & Co. Licenses to send drafts, etc., abroad should now be obtained from W.T.B. 517
453 Nov. 2, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 5] From the British Ambassador British disapproval of scheme to send milk to Poland. Reasons. 517
7600 Nov. 3, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 5] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British method of transmitting funds to British or Allied nationals in enemy-occupied districts of Russian Poland. 518
1091 Nov. 5, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Red Cross to Dresel Donations of cash available for immediate relief in Poland conditional on proper guaranty from Germany. 519
Nov. 6, 1917 To the American Red Cross Inclination to agree with British in regard to sending milk to Poland. Relief for Poland from standpoint of expediency and policy. 520
5735 Nov. 6, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Request for report on conference, Nov. 6, at Foreign Office on relief for enemy and enemy-occupied territory. 521
7623 Nov. 7, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 8] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Report and tentative plans of conference of Nov. 6 regarding relief to enemy-occupied territory. 521
5808 Nov. 14, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. decision to limit remittances and to control distribution in Poland. 522
773 Nov. 14, 1917 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) Authorization for use of certain funds for immediate relief in Poland through Netherland Consul, Warsaw. 523
2037 Nov. 13, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 14] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Whitehouse to Red Cross German guaranty secured. Transmission of funds urged for relief of Polish children. 523
1136 Nov. 19, 1917 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions for putting relief work in Poland into effect. 524
7965 Dec. 14, 1917 From the Ambassador, in Great Britain (tel.) British inquiry as to U.S. position regarding remittances to enemy and enemy-occupied territory. 524
6066 Dec. 19, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. policy as regards remittances to enemy and enemy-occupied territory. 525
5630 Jan. 5, 1918 To the Ambassador in Great Britain Remittances to enemy or enemy-occupied territory must be authorized by W.T.B. and forwarded through diplomatic channels. 525
8672 Feb. 14 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British inquiry as to U.S. methods of forwarding remittances, for purpose of coordination. 526
Mar. 15 To President Wilson Encloses report on monetary relief sent certain territories occupied by the enemy. Limitation recommended and opinion requested. 526
Mar. 16 From President Wilson Amount of remittances to enemy-occupied territories should be limited, but not retroactively. 528
Mar. 18 To J. B. Denvir, jr., of Bureau of Enemy Trade, W.T.B. Amount of relief remittances authorized by the President for portions of Poland and Turkey not under British occupation. 529
1043 Mar. 21 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.); to be repeated to Berne, Copenhagen, and Stockholm Relief remittances permitted to Poland, to be supplemented by clothing from neighboring neutral countries; German guaranties to be obtained. 529
121 May 13 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.); the same to the representatives in Denmark and Sweden Views requested regarding relief for Lithuania and other occupied portions of Russia from political standpoint. 530
2280 May 15 From the Chargé in Denmark (tel.) Relief to portions of Russia under German occupation is contrary to Allied interests and beneficial to German control. 530
2092 May 15 [Rec’d May 16] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Relief sent to enemy-occupied Russia will not benefit Allies, but, withheld, will increase ill-feeling against Germany. 531
3392 May 16 [Rec’d May 17] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): Hoover to Dresel Recommendations for further relief in Poland. 531
May 21 To the War Trade Board No remittances to be sent to any part of Russia under enemy occupation except Poland. Geographic limitations of Poland. 532
547 May 21 [Rec’d May 23] From the British Embassy The United States is requested to join Allies in opening credit for relief of Polish refugees in Russia. 532
June 3 To the Joint Distribution Committee Clothing cannot be bought in neighboring neutral countries for shipment to Poland. 533
1393 June 5 To the Minister in the Netherlands (tel.) All receipt forms for U.S. relief money must indicate that such money comes from the United States. 533
237 June 2 [Rec’d June 16] From the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Further Lithuanian relief from America inadvisable. Reasons. Y.M.C.A. aiding in exchange of Russian prisoners. 534
2278 July 12 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): Hoover to Dresel Large quantities condensed milk available for distribution to children in Poland. 53
1490 Aug. 30 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Polish National Committee has requested of Great Britain facilities for monthly shipments of milk to Poland; British inquire U.S. views. 534
2758 Sept. 20 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Milk for Poland conditional upon Swiss supervision, German guaranties, and destruction of containers. 535
5036 Oct. 4 [Rec’d Oct. 5] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss cooperation in delivering milk to Poland; difficulty of destroying tin containers. 536
Oct. 10 To the British Embassy Joint Allied assistance to Polish refugees in Russia advisable when conditions favor effective organization for distribution. 536
3181 Oct. 22 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Red Cross suggests milk could be shipped in powdered form in paper-lined wooden cases. 537
1207 Oct. 31 [Rec’d Nov. 1] From the British Chargé Great Britain regards with disfavor proposed Red Cross monthly shipments of milk to Poland. Reasons. 537
313 Nov. 14 To the British Chargé In view of German capitulation, it is assumed that British objection to milk shipments to Poland is withdrawn. 537

Relief in Turkish Territories

[Page LIX][Page LX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2387 Jan. 8, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Turkish request that three-fourths of the Caesar’s supplies be landed at Beirut for Palestine poor; one-fourth at Jaffa. 538
3280 Jan. 18, 1917 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) All supplies to be landed and distributed at Beirut if possible. 538
3352 Feb. 15, 1917 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) The Des Moines and Caesar have been ordered to remain at Alexandria until further notice. 538
2480 Feb. 12, 1917 [Rec’d Feb. 17] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Turkey agrees to unloading of Caesar’s entire cargo at Beirut and taking on of passengers for Europe. Other plans for Jaffa. 539
3363 Feb. 20, 1917 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) The Des Moines and Caesar will proceed to Jaffa and Beirut upon receipt of German guaranties against interference. 540
2513 Feb. 23, 1917 [Rec’d Feb. 26] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Uncertain character of guaranties furnished by Turkey and Germany for safe-conduct of the Caesar and Des Moines. 540
3379 Feb. 27, 1917 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) The Caesar and Des Moines cannot be sent to Beirut without satisfactory guaranties of safety. 541
Mar. 27, 1917 [Rec’d Mar. 28] From the Spanish Ambassador Spain offers the United States shipping facilities for sending relief to Christian prisoners in Syria and Palestine. 541
Mar. 28, 1917 To the Spanish Ambassador Acknowledgment of offer of shipping facilities for relief of Christians in Syria and Palestine and request that ships convey Americans from Syria back to Spanish port. 542
2563 Mar. 23, 1917 [Rec’d Mar. 29] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Turkey’s concession and Germany’s guaranty regarding relief ships for Syria and Palestine. 542
3481 Apr. 3, 1917 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Acceptance of Spanish offer to furnish ship to transport U.S. relief supplies to Syria and Palestine. 544
May 2, 1917 [Rec’d May 3] From the Spanish Ambassador Spain inquires as to quantity of U.S. supplies to be sent to Asia Minor, in order to furnish adequate shipping. 544
May 4, 1917 To the Spanish Ambassador Information regarding quantity of relief supplies to be shipped to Asia Minor. 545
May 5, 1917 [Rec’d May 11] From the Spanish Ambassador Spain cannot transport supplies from America but will make every effort to forward to Asia Minor supplies sent to Spain. 546
Aug. 24, 1917 To the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief; similar letters to other relief agencies Authorization to transmit relief funds to Turkey. Instructions. 547
Sept. 1, 1917 To the Consul General at Saloniki (tel.): Red Cross to Ryan Arrangement to purchase Caesar’s cargo at Alexandria and send to Saloniki. 548
Sept. 5, 1917 To the Consul at Alexandria (tel.) Instructions to request British to provide quick transportation to Saloniki for the Caesar’s cargo. 548
Sept. 25, 1917 From the Consul at Alexandria (tel.) Reports loading of the Caesar’s cargo. 548n
Oct. 3, 1917 To the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief; the same to other relief agencies Change in formula of authority for remittances to subject races in Turkey. 548
Oct. 16, 1917 To the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief; the same, mutatis mutandis, to other relief agencies Authorization to remit funds nullified by Enemy Trading Act. Plan to secure licenses from W.T.B. for Committee to continue relief. 549
Oct. 26, 1917 To the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief; the same to other relief agencies Application for license to permit transfer of credits, etc., in relief work should be made to W.T.B. 549
567 Dec. 3, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 7] From the British Ambassador Attention called to fact that relief funds sent to Turkey will tend to prolong the war. 550
Dec. 18, 1917 To the British Ambassador Justification of U.S. policy in permitting relief funds to be sent to subject races of Ottoman Empire. 551
646 Dec. 26, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 27] From the British Ambassador Organized British relief work for the Jews in the Holy Land. Requests U.S. cooperation. 551
Jan. 5, 1918 To the British Ambassador U.S. cooperation with Great Britain in relief measures for Palestine. 552
Jan. 26 To the Chairman of the W.T.B. Department’s policy regarding relief for certain countries in the Near East. 553
1384 Jan. 26 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople, Jan. 12: dispatch of gold through Sweden to Turkey suggested in relief work. 554
507 Jan. 31 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) To Constantinople: details requested regarding suggested gold shipment to Turkey. 554
1635 Mar. 6 [Rec’d Mar. 7] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople, Feb. 27: details of proposed transmission of gold for relief work. 555
1661 Mar. 9 [Rec’d Mar. 10] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) From Constantinople, Mar. 5: Ottoman Minister of Finance authorizes foreign gold changed to Turkish money for relief purposes. 555
304 Mar. 21 From the British Ambassador on Special Mission Provisional approval of plan for U.S. Zionists to dispatch medical unit to Palestine. 556
23 Mar. 30 [Rec’d Mar. 31] From the Agent and Consul General at Cairo (tel.) Zionist Commission to Palestine will hereafter administer all measures of relief in Palestine. 556
Apr. 6 To the Agent and Consul General at Cairo (tel.) Department will continue to transmit relief funds through the Agency for distribution by the Zionist Commission. 557
708 Apr. 15 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Plan of forwarding gold from Sweden to Constantinople disapproved. 557
May 9 To the British Ambassador on Special Mission Suggests that the British notify the enemy of U.S. recognition of Zionist Medical Unit. 557
May 17 To the British Ambassador on Special Mission Encloses memorandum officially recognizing American Zionist Medical Unit loaned to British for service in Palestine. 558
June 14 To the British Ambassador on Special Mission Personnel of Zionist Medical Unit. 559
July 16 To the Chamber of Commerce, Columbus, Ohio Functioning of American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief. 559
July 22 To the War Trade Board Stipulated amount of remittances approved for relief and for maintenance of certain institutions in Turkey 560
112 Aug. 24 [Rec’d Sept. 30] From the Agent and Consul General at Cairo Report on relief work in Palestine. 561
[Page LXI]

Persian Relief

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 10, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 14] From the Minister in Persia (tel.) Famine conditions in Persia. Red Cross assistance desired. 563
23 Jan. 10, 1918 To the Minister in Persia (tel.) Inquiry as to best method by which Red Cross can relieve famine in Persia. 564
Jan. 22 [Rec’d Jan. 23] From the Minister in Persia (tel.) Further report on conditions and information regarding food supplies available for Persia. 564
Jan. 25 To the Vice Chairman of the American Red Cross Red Cross aid to Persia recommended. 564
29 Mar. 5 To the Minister in Persia (tel.) Inquiry as to status of Persian Cossacks and Persian attitude toward Armenians. U.S. relief measures. 565
311 Mar. 22 [Rec’d Mar. 25] From the British Ambassador on Special Mission Prospect of good harvest in Persia. Impracticable nature of MacCallum’s proposed relief plan. 565
44 Apr. 22 To the Minister in Persia (tel.) Transmits message of American Relief Committee to Persia appealing for maintenance of peace irrespective of religion or nationality. 566
53 May 10 To the Minister in Persia (tel.) Instructions to report situation of Jews in Persia. 566
May 13 [Rec’d May 14] From the Minister in Persia (tel.) Estimated number of needy Jews in Persia. 567
520 May 15 [Rec’d May 17] From the British Chargé British recommendations relative to MacCallum’s relief expedition to Persia. 567
60 May 29 To the Minister in Persia (tel.) Instructions regarding use of funds deposited by Joint Distribution Committee for Jewish relief in Persia. 567
July 5 [Rec’d July 6] From the Secretary of the Amer. Com. for Armenian and Syrian Relief Encloses copy of Committee’s letter to Persian Chargé concerning commission sent for relief work in Persia. 568
Aug. 22 [Rec’d Aug. 24] From the Consul at Tabriz, temporarily at Casvin (tel.) British establishing camps to care for refugees arriving Hamadan. U.S. aid needed. 569
381 May 6 [Rec’d Aug. 26] From the Minister in Persia Encloses Foreign Minister’s reply, May 5, to Committee’s appeal for peace. 570
16 Oct. 2 [Rec’d Oct. 3] From the Minister in Persia (tel.) Conditions in Persia; need for additional funds. 571
Undated [Rec’d Nov. 21] From the Persian Foreign Minister (tel.) Expression of appreciation for sending of American Relief Commission to Persia. 571
[Page LXII]

Finnish Relief

[Page LXIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 4, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 10] From the Finnish Commissioner Request for release in U.S. ports of flour owned by Finnish Government, to prevent starvation in Finland. 572
1915 Dec. 19, 1917 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Flour, purchased by Finland, requisitioned for France. Corn available for Finland at Gulf ports. 574
Jan. 4, 1918 [Rec’d Jan. 5] From the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy Inquiry as to measures for insuring final destination of grain shipments and request for full consultation. 574
Jan. 12 To the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy Arrangements for safeguards for grain shipments. 575
487 Jan. 16 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Instructions to confer with Sweden and British Minister on control of distribution of shipments and transit across Sweden. 576
1407 Jan. 29 [Rec’d Jan. 30] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Sweden will permit transit of food to Finland. Recommendations. 576
Feb. 21 To the Shipping Board Representative on the W.T.B. Requests arrangements for limited shipments of foodstuffs to Finland. 577
570 Feb. 27 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.): Ignatius to Finnish Legation Chartering of vessels for shipment of oats to Finland. 577
1579 Feb. 27 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Pro-German influence in Finland; effect, political and economic, of furnishing supplies to Finland. 578
1707 Mar. 16 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Views of Allied Ministers on question of furnishing cereals to Finland, in view of Finnish treaty with Germany. 578
653 Mar. 30 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Initial U.S. shipment of 2,000 tons foodstuffs for Finland approved. 580
1813 Apr. 2 [Rec’d Apr. 3] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Urges that shipment of cereals to Finland be refused. 580
Apr. 12 To the Chairman of the W.T.B. Finnish Food Commissioner informed that conditions in Finland do not warrant shipment of foodstuffs. 581
8296 June 18 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.) Reported negotiations for sending American grain to Finland for distribution after German withdrawal. Instructions. 581
78 July 6 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.) Reasons for decision to send no foodstuffs to Finland. 582
936 July 12 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Instructions to inform Finnish representatives that Finnish Food Commissioner will return home. 582
Aug. 8 From the Swedish Legation; similar notes from the Danish and Norwegian Legations Appeal for exportation to Finland of enough breadstuffs to prevent actual starvation. 582
717 Aug. 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Presence of German military forces in Finland thought to preclude any aid to that country. British attitude sought. 583
910 Aug. 15 From the British Chargé Sending food to Finland impossible so long as it is occupied by German military forces. U.S. attitude sought. 584
Aug. 17 To the Swedish Legation; mutatis mutandis, to the Danish and Norwegian Legations Request for food for Finland refused so long as Finland continues to be occupied by German military forces. 585
Aug. 29 [Rec’d Aug. 31] From the French Ambassador Conditions which France imposes for revictualing of Finland. 585
2239 Sept. 20 To the French Ambassador U.S. attitude toward furnishing food to Finland in accord with that of France. 586
2970 Oct. 9 [Rec’d Oct. 10] From the Chargé in Sweden (tel.) Withdrawal of German troops furnishes opportunity to win Finland over to Allies. Export of cereals to Finland recommended. 587
1203 Oct. 11 To the Chargé in Sweden (tel.) Reports of German evacuation discredited as plot to slow up Allied activities. 587
Nov. 16 To the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy Approval of definite measures to feed Finnish population in view of withdrawal of German troops. 588

Serbian Relief

[Page LXIV][Page LXV][Page LXVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
May 8, 1917 From the Serbian Minister Appeal for loan for Serbia. 588
270 May 19, 1917 [Rec’d May 21] From the Serbian Minister Needs of Serbian Government and Army; hope of U.S. support. 591
June 11, 1917 [Rec’d June 13] From the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Encloses note from Serbian Minister, June 1, and Treasury reply, June 7, regarding loan to Serbia. 593
Aug. 4, 1917 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.): from McAdoo Transfer of funds to Paris for relief of Serbia. 597
Aug. 9, 1917 [Rec’d Aug. 11] From the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Foreign Minister’s views as to distribution of U.S. loan to Serbia. 598
Aug. 23, 1917 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.); from McAdoo Credit of $3,000,000 established in favor of Serbia. Stipulations as to distribution. 598
1005 Nov. 21, 1917 From the Serbian Minister Contemplated exchange of sound prisoners. Proposal that American Red Cross provision Serbian prisoners in Germany. 599
65 Nov. 30, 1917 To the Serbian Minister Disapproval of contemplated exchange of sound prisoners; approval of proposed provisioning of Serbian prisoners by American Red Cross. 600
2880 Nov. 30, 1917 To the Ambassador in France (tel.): Leffingwell to Crosby Quotes British note on Serbian relief. Instructions to advise regarding further loan to Serbia. 601
1064 Dec. 7, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 10] From the Serbian Minister Review of situation of Serbian war prisoners in enemy countries and specific request for relief. 602
15 Dec. 6, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 12] From the Delegate to the Inter-Allied Council (tel): to McAdoo Serbian Prime Minister states British and French relief to Serbia insufficient. Delay on loan advised. 604
6039 Dec. 14, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Leffingwell to Crosby Relief of Serbian prisoners of war should be shared by the United States, Great Britain, and France. 605
Dec. 20, 1917 [Rec’d Dec 21] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Crosby to McAdoo Extensive aid to Serbian Government by France and Great Britain. British relief to civilians restricted. Further U.S. loans advised. 605
6102 Dec. 22, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): Leffingwell to Crosby Further credit established to be used by American Red Cross for relief of Serbian prisoners. 606
66 Dec. 29, 1917 To the Serbian Minister Department is supporting request for relief of Serbian war prisoners in enemy countries. 606
1457 Jan. 5, 1918 To the British Ambassador; similar note to the French Ambassador British cooperation requested in proposed provisioning of Serbian prisoners by American Red Cross. 607
67 Jan. 9 To the Serbian Minister Obstacles to proposed relief for civilian population in enemy-occupied portion of Serbia. 607
1325 Jan. 11 To the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): to Dresel Provisioning of Montenegrin war prisoners requested by Serbia. Inquiries. 608
72 Jan. 15 [Rec’d Jan. 18] From the British Chargé Great Britain will facilitate provisioning of Serbian and Montenegrin war prisoners by American Red Cross. 609
2484 Jan. 23 [Rec’d Jan. 24] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.): Dresel to Davison Distribution of supplies for Serbian and Montenegrin war prisoners. Special guaranties unnecessary. 609
Feb. 12 From the French Ambassador France will facilitate transit of supplies for Serbian prisoners. Plan for U.S., British, and French regulation of shipments. 610
1566 Mar. 5 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Allotment of certain percentage of supplies to Serbian Red Cross for distribution to war prisoners. 611
Mar. 26 [Rec’d Mar. 28] From the French Ambassador Proposed inter-Allied committee in Paris to direct relief of prisoners of small Allied states. 612
3333 May 10 [Rec’d May 12] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Petition to allow purchase of supplies in America for transit through Switzerland to Serbians in territory occupied by Austria. 613
1930 May 17 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Transmission of foodstuffs to Serbian territory occupied by Austria cannot be permitted. Reasons. 614
2149 May 24 To the French Ambassador Unfavorable to proposed inter-Allied committee at Paris to control supplies for war prisoners of small states. Reasons. 615
145 June 14 To the Consul General at Sofia Transmission of Serbian memorial on condition of war prisoners. U.S. request for favorable consideration. 615
June 24 [Rec’d June 28] From the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Serbian request for increased tonnage for transporting relief purchases. 616
76 May 29 [Rec’d July 1] From the Special Agent in Corfu Official reception accorded Serbian Agricultural Unit of American Red Cross. Serbian appreciation of mission. 616
July 9 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Red Cross has purchased provisions to extent of money supplied by Serbia. Additional funds have been requested. 617
July 16 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.): from McAdoo Serbian relief not in need of tonnage; further shipments soon to be made. 618
2379 Aug. 1 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) For Sofia: Serbian representations to Bulgaria re restricting of assistance to Serbian prisoners and refusal of information. 618
Sept. 8 [Rec’d Sept. 9] From the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Suggestion that U.S. representative at Sofia request authority to distribute supplies to Serbian prisoners in Bulgaria. 618
Sept. 12 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Inquiry re proposed Serbian prisoner supplies to be distributed by U.S. representative. 619
Oct. 5 From the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Serbian explanations regarding provisioning of Serbian prisoners and request for increase in shipments. 619
267 Sept. 14 [Rec’d Oct. 30] From the Consul General at Sofia Refutation of Serbian statement regarding condition of war prisoners. Enclosure: Bulgarian note of Sept 9. 620
Nov. 8 To the Special Agent in Corfu (tel.) Request for additional assistance for Serbian prisoners may be disregarded in view of capitulation of Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. 624

Relief for Russian Prisoners of War Held by the Central Powers: the Copenhagen Red Cross Conference

[Page LXVII][Page LXVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1340 May 30, 1917 [Rec’d June 2] From the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Russian Red Cross seeks provisions in the United States for Russian prisoners in enemy countries. 624
1529 July 3, 1917 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Quotes telegram sent Legation, Copenhagen, inquiring extent and control of Russian relief passing through that city. 625
July 10, 1917 [Rec’d July 11] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Favorable report on competency and activities of Copenhagen branch of Russian Red Cross and of Moscow committee in charge. 625
5282 Aug. 9, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Proposed American Red Cross relief for Allied war prisoners in enemy countries. British opinion sought. 626
7084 Sept. 1, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 2] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British views on relief for Russian and other Allied prisoners. 628
7232 Sept. 22, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Conference in which Harte of Y.M.C.A. proposes plan for relief of Allied prisoners in Germany and for enemy prisoners in Russia. 629
1276 Sept. 27, 1917 [Rec’d Sept. 28] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Quotes telegram, Sept. 14, from Petrograd to Danish Red Cross regarding Red Cross conference at Copenhagen. Comments on abuse of relief efforts. 630
1295 Sept. 30, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 1] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Quotes telegram, Sept. 25, from Petrograd to Danish Red Cross concerning comprehensive scheme for relief of Russian prisoners. Copenhagen conference felt to be German peace propaganda. 631
7325 Oct. 4, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Disapproval of Harte’s comprehensive scheme to feed prisoners. Instructions requested before discussion of relief with Foreign Office. 633
5536 Oct. 5, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Harte’s comprehensive scheme for feeding prisoners disapproved. Consideration being given proposal to feed sick Russian prisoners. 633
523 Oct. 5, 1917 To the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Comprehensive scheme for relief of Russian prisoners never approved; U.S. will not participate in or be bound by decisions of Copenhagen conference. 634
1482 Oct. 25, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 26] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Exchange of Russian and German prisoners and repatriation of certain interns in Denmark proposed in conference. 635
5677 Oct. 29, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); similar tel. to the Ambassador in France Telegram No. 1482 from Denmark transmitted with instructions to inquire Government’s views and proposed action thereon. 635
1495 Oct. 26, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 27] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Conference agrees to exchange of Russian, German, and Austro-Hungarian invalid prisoners. Comments. 635
5686 Oct. 29, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); the same to the Ambassador in France Telegram No. 1495 from the Minister in Denmark quoted. 635n
1809 Oct. 30, 1917 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Telegram No. 1495 from Minister in Denmark quoted with instructions that, if report is true, Russia be warned of grave peril to Allied cause. 635n
5724 Nov. 3, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to inquire whether British Government concurs in American Red Cross plan for provisioning invalid Russian prisoners. 636
1956 Nov. 6, 1917 [Rec’d Nov. 8] From the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Russian assurance that only invalid prisoners will be exchanged. U.S. shipment of food to Denmark inadvisable. 639
7648 Nov. 9, 1917 [Rec’d Nov 10] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British views on exchange of prisoners, representations having been made to Petrograd. 640
7714 Nov. 16, 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Foreign Office not opposed in principle to American Red Cross plan for provisioning invalid Russian prisoners, but favors postponement. 641
5846 Nov. 17, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Matter of relief held in abeyance pending clearing of Russian political situation. 641
1876 Dec. 1, 1917 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Instructions to endeavor to have exchange of prisoners limited to invalids and made through neutral countries. 641
2078 Dec. 8, 1917 [Rec’d Dec. 11] From the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Statements of head of chancery of Russian Red Cross on proposed methods of exchanging prisoners. 642
615 Dec. 17, 1917 From the British Embassy Expedient that supplies to Russian prisoners cease, pending conclusion of Russo-German negotiations. 642
Dec. 22, 1917 To the British Ambassador Shipments of U.S. supplies for Russian prisoners negligible. Further shipments will be discouraged. 643
665 Dec. 29, 1917 From the British Ambassador Reasons for British recommendations for discontinuance of supplies to Russian prisoners. 643
Jan. 2, 1918 To the Counselor of the British Embassy Licenses for supplies to Russian and Rumanian prisoners will be withheld pending outcome of negotiations for separate peace. 645
8243 Jan. 12 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British request for U.S. opinion on detaining mail relating to provisioning Russian prisoners. 645
6243 Jan. 14 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) All licenses for U.S. supplies to Russian prisoners revoked, hence censorship of U.S. mail unnecessary. 646
8455 Jan. 31 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British inquiry as to censorship of mail regarding transfer of money through neutral country to Russian prisoners. 646
6609 Feb. 18 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Transmission of funds to Russian prisoners discouraged. Detaining of mail on the subject via neutral countries approved. 646
5057 Oct. 5 [Rec’d Oct. 7] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): Dresel to W.T.B. Inter-Allied Commission of Berne refuses to send supplies to Russian prisoners. U.S. ruling requested. 647
3137 Oct. 17 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): W.T.B. to Dresel Action of Allied Blockade Committee sustained in refusing shipments for Russians. 647

VI. MILITARY SERVICE CONVENTIONS

[Page LXIX][Page LXX][Page LXXI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Sept. 17, 1917 To the British Ambassador; mutatis mutandis, to the representatives of certain other countries Encloses draft of proposed agreement between the United States and Great Britain providing for reciprocal military service. 648
5691 Oct. 30, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions regarding transmittal of British counterdraft of proposed convention. 650
7571 Oct. 31, 1917 [Rec’d Nov; 1] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes text of British counter-draft of proposed convention. 650
5769 Nov. 10, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Transmits text of U.S. counter-draft of proposed convention. Explanations and inquiries. 653
5918 Nov. 28, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Further changes in draft convention proposed. Concise form desired as model for agreements with other countries. 655
7847 Nov. 30, 1917 [Rec’d Dec.1–3] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note submitting an amended draft convention. 656
5956 Dec. 5, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The United States agrees in the main to suggested changes in draft convention. Comments and explanations. 659
6054 Dec. 18, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Canada’s acceptance of provisions of art. 4 of draft convention awaited. Explanations regarding declarants and exemptions. 661
3041 Jan. 7, 1918 To the Ambassador in France (tel.); similar tel. to the Ambassador in Italy Transmits draft of proposed conscription agreement between the United States and Great Britain. Similar agreement with France desired. 662
6251 Jan. 15 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Reasonable delay in signing agreement proposed, with view to awaiting Canada’s acceptance of art. 4. 664
8382 Jan. 24 [Rec’d Jan.25] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British proposed wording of art. 4. 664
6390 Jan. 30 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes texts of British and Canadian draft agreements. Certain important modifications suggested to Great Britain. Canadian agreement initialed. 665
8440 Jan. 30 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British proposal that British subjects under conscription agreement be immediately called to service. 669
6421 Feb. 2 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. objection to proposal for immediate conscription of British subjects under conscription agreement. 670
8580 Feb. 8 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Great Britain will not press further question of immediate compulsory military service of its subjects in the United States. 671
1412 Feb. 11 [Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Quotes Italian note approving proposed conscription agreement, with certain slight changes. 671
8623 Feb. 12 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Feb. 11, accepting U.S. modification of draft convention with slight changes. 674
6565 Feb. 14 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. acceptance of changes in draft convention; signature urged. 676
3193 Feb. 16 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Transmits new draft of proposed conscription agreement with France; early action imperative. 677
1078 Feb. 16 To the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Transmits new draft of proposed conscription agreement with Italy; early, action imperative. Comments on Italy’s suggested changes. 679
8720 Feb. 18 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Feb. 18, stating British commissioner authorized to sign convention and suggesting that ratifications be exchanged in London. 681
Feb. 20 To President Wilson Military service conventions with Great Britain and Canada, together with exchange of notes on art. 1, submitted for ratification. 683
3242 Feb. 23 [Rec’d Feb. 24] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) France accepts terms of convention, reserving consent regarding draft age; other points to be adjusted. 691
1430 Feb. 23 [Rec’d Feb. 24] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Conditions under which Italy will accept proposed convention. 693
1089 Feb. 26 To the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Necessity for uniformity in conventions with cobelligerents; explanations and suggestions. 693
1462 Mar. 10 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Quotes Italian note stating adjustment of differences satisfactory and Italian Ambassador being authorized to sign convention. 695
3445 Mar. 25 [Rec’d Mar. 26] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Quotes French note objecting to draft age limit in proposed convention. 696
May 3 To the British Ambassador on Special Mission Certain amendments to military conventions with Great Britain and Canada proposed at request of members of Senate. 697
585 May 29 From the British Ambassador on Special Mission Substantial agreement with regard to proposed amendments to conventions. 698
June 4 To President Wilson Resubmission of British and Canadian conventions to the Senate, with amendments. 700
1425 June 11 To the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Changes in proposed Italian convention, corresponding to those made in British and Canadian conventions, submitted for adoption by Italy. 701
4481 June 11 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Changes in proposed French convention, corresponding to those made in British and Canadian conventions, submitted for adoption by France. 702
4784 June 27 To the Ambassador in France (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to the Ambassador in Italy Immediate signature of military service convention urged. 704
1787 June 30 [Rec’d July 1] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Quotes Italian note making further concessions and explanations regarding military service convention. 704
1796 July 2 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Italians who do military service in the U.S. Army obtain remittal of the exemption tax in Italy. 705
July 3 To the Chargé in Great Britain Transmits instruments of ratification of conventions with authorization to effect exchanges; also general certificate of exemption of U.S. citizens outside military age limit. 706
July 17 From the Greek Minister Greece ready to sign military convention. Suggested formation of Greek regiments in the United States for service in the Balkans, 707
June 3 Convention between the United States and Great Britain Relating to military service of U.S. citizens in Great Britain and of British subjects in the United States. 708
June 3 Convention between the United States and Great Britain Relating to military service of U.S. citizens in Canada and of Canadians in the United States. 714
July 30 General Executive Certificate Exempting from military service U.S. citizens in Great Britain who are outside U.S. compulsory-service age limit. 717
2195 Aug. 3 To the French Ambassador U.S. pleased to proceed to signature of convention with France, rights being reserved in behalf of Frenchmen who have become U.S. citizens. 718
Aug. 5 To the Greek Legation U.S. readiness to sign convention with Greece; refusal to concur in suggested organization of Greek regiment in the United States. 719
Aug. 15 To the Italian Ambassador Interpretation of art. 1 of convention as regards “enrollment” and age fixed for conscription of U.S. citizens in Italy. 720
2112 Aug. 19 [Rec’d Aug. 20] From the Italian Ambassador Italy acquiesces in U.S. interpretation of art. 1 of military convention. 721
456 Oct. 15 To the Italian Ambassador Inquiry as to status in Italy of U.S. citizens of Italian birth exempted from military duty in United States. 722
2538 Oct. 17 From the Italian Ambassador Italian regulations governing U.S. citizens of Italian birth exempted from military duty in United States. 722
Sept. 3 Convention between the United States and France Providing for reciprocal military service. 723
Aug. 24 Convention between the United States and Italy Providing for reciprocal military service. 726
Aug. 30 Convention between the United States and Greece Providing for reciprocal military service. 729
[Page LXXII]

VII. LEGAL STATUS OF MEMBERS OF AMERICAN FORCES IN EUROPE

[Page LXXIII][Page LXXIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
7142 Sept. 11 1917 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Sept. 5, regarding penal military jurisdiction over U.S. forces in Great Britain. 733
Oct. 1, 1917 [Rec’d Oct. 5] From the French Ambassador Encloses British-French declaration on penal military jurisdiction and suggests similar U.S.–French agreement. 734
2023 Jan. 3, 1918 To the French Ambassador President Wilson authorizes settlement, by exchange of notes, of question of penal military jurisdiction over U.S. and French forces. Quotes draft note of agreement. 735
Jan. 14 [Rec’d Jan. 16] From the French Ambassador France accepts terms of agreement regarding penal military jurisdiction over French and U.S. forces. 736
8333 Jan. 21 [Rec’d Jan. 22] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Jan. 18, relative to maintenance of discipline among U.S. troops in Great Britain; and memorandum of Judge Advocate General. 737
Jan. 26 [Rec’d Feb. 1] From the French Ambassador Suggested exchange of notes for reciprocal delivery of deserters from French and U.S. Armies. 738
6461 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Acceptance of British suggestions for cooperation in penal jurisdiction over U.S. military forces in Great Britain. Advisability of formal agreement. 739
Mar. 3 [Rec’d Mar. 5] From the French Ambassador Suggested formula to be inserted in proposed notes regarding reciprocal delivery of deserters from French and U.S. Armies. 740
9101 Mar. 18 [Rec’d Mar. 19] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Mar. 15, containing draft regulations and draft order of Army Council to legalize British cooperation in discipline of U.S. troops in Great Britain. 741
9748 Apr. 27 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note, Apr. 26, containing supplementary provisions for order of Army Council and suggesting formal agreement with United States: 744
7668 May 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Regulations set forth in telegram of Mar. 18 are acceptable. 745
2164 June 7 To the French Ambassador President Wilson authorizes settlement, by exchange of notes, of question of reciprocal delivery of deserters from French and U.S. Armies. Quotes draft note of agreement. 745
July 3 [Rec’d July 8] From the French Ambassador France accepts terms of proposed arrangement for reciprocal delivery of deserters from French and U.S. Armies. 746
81 July 5 To the Belgian Minister President Wilson authorizes settlement, by exchange of notes, of question of penal military jurisdiction over U.S. and Belgian forces. Quotes draft note of agreement. 747
264 July 17 To the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.) British supplementary provisions in note of Apr. 26 not acceptable. Reasons. 748
July 11 [Rec’d July 17] From the French Ambassador Suggested solution for awkward situation arising from finding French deserters or delinquents among noncomr batant U.S. troops. 749
2216 Aug. 24 To the French Ambassador Steps taken to correct situation where French deserters or delinquents are found among noncombatant U.S. forces. 750
Sept. 6 [Rec’d Sept. 9] From the Belgian Minister Belgium accepts terms of agreement on penal military jurisdiction over U.S. and Belgian forces. 751
4452 Dec. 9 From the Chargé in Great Britain (tel.) Further negotiations relative to maintenance of discipline among U.S. troops in Great Britain. 751
4160 Jan. 20, 1919 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Favorable to agreement with Great Britain on terms similar to those of Franco-American agreement of Jan. 3–14. 752
1469 Mar. 21, 1919 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British view that, owing to present military situation, it is unnecessary to proceed with agreement. 752
5106 Apr. 11, 1919 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Proposed agreement deemed desirable; request for draft for consideration. 753
837 June 5, 1919 [Rec’d June 28] From the Chargé in Great Britain Encloses British note, May 31, containing draft of proposed U.S.–British agreement regarding penal military jurisdiction. 753
July 13, 1919 [Rec’d July 16] From the French Ambassador Expediency of continuing penal military jurisdiction agreement. 754
Aug. 10, 1919 To the French Ambassador Suggestion that penal military jurisdiction agreement be continued until 30 days after notice of termination by either Government. 755
5804 Aug. 13, 1919 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes U.S. draft note of agreement relative to penal military jurisdiction, for submission to Great Britain. 755
Aug. 29, 1919 [Rec’d Aug. 30] From the French Ambassador France accepts arrangement for continuation of penal military jurisdiction agreement, to be terminated after 30-day notice. 756
Sept. 2, 1919 To the Belgian Chargé Suggestion that penal military agreement be continued until 30 days after notice of termination by either Government. 757
Oct. 20, 1919 [Rec’d Oct. 21] From the Belgian Chargé Belgium favorable to proposed continuation of arrangement relative to military penal jurisdiction. Inquiry as to date of notice of modification. 757
Oct. 25, 1919 To the Appointed Belgian Ambassador Date on which notice of modification of termination of agreement will be given; also question of effective date. 758
Nov. 10, 1919 [Rec’d Nov. 12] From the Appointed Belgian Ambassador Modification of termination of agreement considered as effective from Oct. 20, 1919; published Nov. 8. 758
3563 Dec. 20, 1919 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British attitude toward concluding convention regarding penal military jurisdiction. 759
6310 Dec. 26, 1919 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Proposed convention necessary as long as any U.S. forces remain in Great Britain. 759
23 Jan. 6, 1920 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British inquiry as to reason why the United States deems convention desirable. 759
88 Jan. 30, 1920 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. forces having been withdrawn from British territory, proposed convention no longer necessary. 760

VIII. MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS

Marriages op Members of American Forces in France

[Page LXXV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 26, 1918 [Rec’d Feb. 1] From the French Ambassador Proposed agreement regarding regulations for marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. Encloses arrangements arrived at by British and French on subject. 761
2097 Mar. 12 To the French Ambassador Pershing’s views on regulations regarding marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. 764
Mar. 28 [Rec’d Apr. 1] From the French Ambassador Bases upon which France deems possible an agreement regarding marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. 765
Apr. 30 [Rec’d May 1] From the French Ambassador Urgency of concluding agreement regulating marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. Provisions proposed. 766
2158 June 12 To the French Ambassador Encloses forms of affidavits, etc., to be used in marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. Explanations. 767
July 28 [Rec’d July 31] From the French Ambassador Importance of penal legislation in United States against U.S. soldiers guilty of perjury in making out marriage affidavits. 769
2333 Sept. 14 To the French Ambassador Army regulations exist for punishment of U.S. soldiers guilty of perjury or bigamy. Legislation also being proposed. 770
Nov. 7 [Rec’d Nov. 9] From the French Ambassador Proposal of exchange of notes to record agreement for regulating marriages of U.S. soldiers to French women. Encloses draft note of agreement. 771
2289 Nov. 27 To the French Ambassador Marriage regulations to include all U.S. forces abroad now under consideration of War and Navy Departments. 773
Feb. 3, 1919 To the French Chargé Encloses draft of proposed bill to regulate marriages of persons in U.S. military and naval forces in foreign countries. 773
June 22, 1919 [Rec’d June 30] From the French Chargé Draft bill meets with approval of France. Certain modifications suggested. 777
Aug. 1, 1919 To the French Ambassador Impracticable nature of suggested modification of draft bill. 777
Sept. 26, 1919 [Rec’d Sept. 29] From the French Ambassador France desists from objections to draft bill and desires that its introduction to Congress be expedited. 779
Oct. 21, 1919 To the French Ambassador Draft bill relative to marriages of U.S. soldiers and sailors submitted to Congress. [Footnote states bill not made law.] 779

Alleged Violations of the Laws of War

[Page LXXVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2615 Feb. 11, 1918 From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes appeal of International Committee of Red Cross, Feb. 6, against use by armies of asphyxiating and poisonous gases. 779
2617 Feb. 11 [Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Chargé in Switzerland (tel.) Red Cross appeal to President Wilson to secure Allied action against use of poisonous gases. 781
3212 Feb. 21 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Inquiry as to tenor of identic note suggested by French Ambassador as reply of Allies to Red Cross appeal. 781
3580 Apr. 11 [Rec’d Apr. 12] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Proposed identic reply of Allies to appeal of Red Cross, based on resolution of Supreme War Council. 782
3072 Apr. 13 [Rec’d Apr. 15] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Résumé of proposed identic reply of Allies to appeal of Red Cross, submitted for approval. 782
434 Apr. 24 [Rec’d Apr. 25] From the British Embassy U.S. concerted action with Allies suggested in requiring effective guaranty from Germany for discontinuance of use of poisonous gases. 783
3275 May 7 [Rec’d May 9] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) British Minister instructed to present to Red Cross identic reply regarding poisonous gases. 783
1926 May 17 To the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Instructions to present to Red Cross note suggested by French Ambassador regarding poisonous gases. 784
147 July 5 To the Consul General at Sofia Protest to Bulgaria on behalf of Greece against ill-treatment of Greeks in Macedonia; request for remedial measures. 784
Sept. 19 From the Swiss Chargé Transmits German protest against use of shotguns by U.S. Army and threat of reprisals. 785
Sept. 28 To the Swiss Chargé Reply to German protest, defending use of shotguns by U.S. Army and giving notice of reprisals if German threats are carried out. 785
5801 Oct. 4 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) President Wilson opposes suggested double retaliation for Austrian executions of Allied aviators bearing manifestos. U.S. counterproposal. 786
4592 Sept. 24 [Rec’d Oct. 15] From the Minister in Switzerland Encloses press account of German reply to Red Cross protest against use of poisonous gases. 787
Nov. 2 From the Swiss Chargé Encloses German note relative to air raids on German territory. 788
Nov. 2 From the Belgian Minister German orders for destruction of Belgian mines. 789
287 Nov. 7 To the Swiss Minister U.S. protest to Germany against contemplated destruction of Belgian mines. 790
Nov. 11 [Rec’d Nov. 12] From the Swiss Minister Transmits German denial that destruction of Belgian mines has begun. 791

Passport and Visa Regulations

[Page LXXVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2619 May 11, 1917 Executive order Amendment to Consular Regulations: verification of U.S. passports and visa of foreign passports. 791
May 29, 1917 To the diplomatic and principal consular officers in certain countries (tel.) Instructions regarding verification of U.S. passports and visa of foreign passports. 793
94343–N June 5, 1917 The Secretary of Commerce to certain steamship lines Formal request not to transport any U.S. citizens or aliens departing from the United States without valid passports. 793
535 July 26, 1917 To the diplomatic and consular officers Encloses joint order of Secretaries of State and Labor requiring passports, etc., from aliens desiring to enter United States; also declaration form for aliens about to depart. Instructions and regulations. 794
1473 Aug. 8, 1918 Proclamation Regulating the issuance of passports and granting of permits to depart from and enter the United States. 807
2932 Aug. 8 Executive order Prescribing further rules and regulations governing issuance of permits to enter and leave the United States. 810

Expatriation and Repatriation

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
5676 Oct. 27, 1917 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); to repeat to Paris, Rome, and Petrograd Certificates of repatriation are provided for Americans who served in armed forces of Allies. 822
568 Dec. 28, 1917. To the diplomatic and consular officers Instructions regarding application of act declaring no U.S. citizen may expatriate himself when this country is at war. 823
246 Sept. 5, 1918 To the British Ambassador on Special Mission Status of W. E. Mellen, U.S. citizen, who has applied for naturalization under Canadian law. 823
628 Sept. 26, 1918 To the diplomatic and consular officers Instructions regarding repatriation of U.S. citizens who have taken oaths of allegiance to Allied Powers for military service. 824
302 Apr. 23, 1919 From the British Ambassador on Special Mission Question arising in Cape Town, Africa, of recognizing naturalization of U.S. citizens as British subjects in time of war. Citation of treaty of 1870. 826
July 19, 1919 To the British Chargé Argument upholding act forbidding expatriation of U.S. citizens in time of war. Case of J. C. Bull and R. J. Mahaffery. 827
[Page LXXVIII]

Status in American Ports of Ships Owned or Requisitioned by Foreign Governments and Engaged in Commerce

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 9, 1918 [Rec’d Apr. 10] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentine complaint of treatment accorded national transport Chaco, in U.S. ports. 829
Apr. 30 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Reply regarding treatment of Argentine transports in U.S. ports is anxiously awaited. 831
May 3 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Explanations regarding treatment accorded transport Chaco; agreement signed by President of Argentine Naval Commission is quoted. 831
May 18 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentina considers explanations regarding the Chaco as satisfactory. 834
Nov. 4 To the Italian Ambassador U.S. reply to Italian representations regarding immunity from arrest of ships in service of Allies. Case of the Attualità. 835

Radio Communication with France

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
June 19, 1917 [Rec’d June 23] From the French Ambassador Proposed building in France of new high-power wireless station for radio communication with the United States. 836
1892 July 19, 1917 To the French Ambassador Official radio service with France during present war over such station as may be designated is assured. Commercial service in peace time to be considered. 837
Jan 8, 1918 The Chief, Bureau of Steam Engineering, to the Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces in European Waters Report on progress in construction of high-power radio station in southwest France. 838
5960 Jan. 18 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in France Encloses protocol, Jan. 5, of conference between U.S. and French members of Inter-Allied Radiotelegraphic Commission. 839
Nov. 24, 1919 [Rec’d Nov. 26] From the Secretary of the Navy Armistice signed before completion of high-power radio station in France. Encloses U.S.–French agreement, Feb. 11, 1919, concerning its completion. 840
[Page LXXIX]

American-Italian Protocol Relative to Radio Service

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 16, 1918 From the Italian Ambassador Advisability of convention between the United States and Italy to regulate radiotelegraphic communications. Draft submitted. 844
384 Feb. 14 To the Italian Ambassador Two changes proposed in draft protocol for regulation of U.S.–Italian radiotelegraphic communication. 845
707 Feb. 28 From the Italian Ambassador Italy accepts changes in draft protocol. Text transmitted for signature. 846
Mar. 27 U.S.–Italian protocol Regulation of radiotelegraphic communication between the two countries. 847