File No. 818.00/338

The Chargé in Costa Rica ( Johnson) to the Secretary of State

[Telegram—Extracts]

Your February 25, 4 p.m. received. Have you received my February 24, 8 p.m.? Wounded American, Ryan, doing well. Now appears that Colombian also killed. …

Backbone of movement seems to be broken; cable and rail communication last accounts restored; but movement may revive. Also urgently recommend that Volio and friends in Panama be allowed sufficient freedom to return to Costa Rica. Guell appears to be in flight. Am awaiting instructions regarding action to take on behalf of Ryan. Minor incidents I have taken up unofficially without instructions. Whole Costa Rican situation requires serious consideration. I have not perhaps emphasized sufficiently lawlessness of Tinoco régime. For the last two weeks, since official full investigation discovered some of revolutionary government plans, reign of terror has existed. Suspects in great numbers in every part of country have been thrown into jail and mildest punishment has been lashes on the back to extract confessions. Several of rural guard imprisoned have been tortured to death; one while undergoing torture called Tinoco a traitor and was instantly shot by Joaquin himself. Two Americans’ houses have been entered without warrant and Carlos, being likewise an American citizen previously mentioned, kept in jail without warrant several hours until I had him released. Spanish colony have suffered particularly, as I have reported. … Incidents verified and circumstances too numerous to mention have been reported to me of the most barbaric and atrocious torture of political prisoners.

[Page 242]

Sentiment is extremely strong for intervention among all classes of foreigners and natives who are praying for some form of aid from us. A remarkable change of sentiment has been effected since the anti-American demonstrations before Legation three years ago in regard to Nicaraguan treaty.

Very considerable demands backed by warship would be desirable. Costa Ricans, if the present movement unsuccessful, are helpless in the hands of despotic tyrants who are ruining the Costa Rican Government. Situation warrants effort on behalf of democracy against czarism in Costa Rica, more so in view of our fight for same principle in Europe. Many believe that if our troops landed here they would be welcomed.

Johnson