File No. 893.51/2007

The Chargé in China ( MacMurray) to the Secretary of State

[Extract]
No. 2197

Sir: Referring to my telegram of August 9, 4 p.m.,1 on the subject of a proposed arrangement with certain Japanese banking interests for a credit of 80,000,000 gold yen to be used as a reserve against which to issue a quantity of gold currency notes ultimately redeemable only in Japan, I have the honor to advise you that on the 10th instant the Government by mandate promulgated a set of regulations governing the issue of gold currency notes, and rules governing the Government’s Currency Bureau, of which translations are enclosed herewith (these translations being those published in the Peking Leader of the 11th instant, as corrected by the Chinese Secretary of Legation by comparison with the Chinese text as published in the Government Gazette). Only fragmentary information in regard to the terms of the loan, with a view to which these regulations have undoubtedly been framed, has thus far been obtainable, the effort throughout having been to keep the matter a profound secret—the Acting Minister of Finance, Mr. Ts’ao Ju-lin, having himself informed me, a month ago, that no such project was in contemplation, the only basis for the rumors in regard to it (such as those embodied in the enclosed clipping from the Peking Leader of July 71) being that the Ministry was considering the possibility of issuing perhaps as much as $3,000,000 worth of gold currency notes, independently of any arrangements with foreign banking interests, and merely as an experiment with a view to finding a solution of certain questions of exchange. Some further statements in regard to the contents of the agreement concluded between Mr. [Page 148] Ts’ao and Mr. Nishihara are contained in the enclosed clippings from the Leader of the 9th and 10th instant.1 There is also enclosed clipping from the same newspaper of the 9th instant, giving a translation of a reported interview with Mr. Nishihara on the eve of his departure from Peking.1

I beg to refer to the Legation’s despatch (No. 1667) of October 12 last1 in regard to the proposals for a new currency loan, which were submitted by the Ministry of Finance for the consideration of the banking groups interested in the currency loan agreement of April 15, 1911. In reply to the formal letter of the Chinese Government submitting these proposals, the representatives of the British, French, Japanese, and Russian groups replied under date of December 27 last requesting a more detailed exposition of these proposals, as a necessary preliminary to further negotiations. A copy of this letter is enclosed herewith.1 Although in April last the bankers insisted upon, and received, a further extension of their option under the currency loan agreement, extending to October 14 next, they never received any reply to their inquiry until the 10th instant, when the regulations referred to above were forwarded to them by the Ministry of Finance, with an intentionally flippant note to the effect that “in reply to your inquiry of some time ago” there were enclosed copies of documents which would sufficiently indicate the purposes of the Ministry in regard to currency reform. …

J. V. A. MacMurray
[Enclosure]

Regulations governing the issue of gold currency notes2

Article 1

With a view to facilitating international trade and preparing for the adoption of a currency system with a gold basis the bank or banks appointed by the Currency Bureau shall be allowed to issue gold currency notes.

Article 2

The unit of the gold currency shall be one gold dollar which shall contain 0.752318 kungfun of pure gold, that is, 2.01688 candareen of kuping tael.

One-tenth part of a gold dollar shall be called a “chao”, one-hundredth a “fen”, one-thousandth a “li”, etc.

Article 3

The denominations of the gold currency notes shall be: one dollar, five dollars, ten dollars, twenty dollars, fifty dollars and one hundred dollars.

The Government may order the bank or banks appointed by the bureau to issue gold currency notes of smaller denominations, such as five-chao (half a dollar), two-chao (one fifth of a dollar), and one-chao (one tenth of a dollar), and the Government mint may be ordered to mint copper coins of one “fen” denomination.

Article 4

Before the coinage of such gold dollars the holder of the gold currency notes may remit the money to other cities in this country or to foreign countries through the specified banks and after the coinage of such gold dollars, the holder of such gold currency notes may exchange them for gold coins as well as remit them to any city in the country or to any foreign country.

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The gold currency notes may be exchanged at the specified banks for foreign gold coins or gold bullion. All ornaments made of pure gold shall be considered equivalent to sterling gold and they shall be valued according to the quantity of pure gold they contain.

Article 5

The proportionate value of the gold currency notes and the national currency now in circulation will necessarily not always be the same. But it shall be made known to the public by notifications issued by the specified banks from time to time, and gold currency notes and current silver coins in circulation or silver bullion may be exchanged at the said banks at the notified value.

Article 6

The specified banks shall have an adequate gold reserve against the amount of notes issued. This gold reserve shall either be in our national gold dollars, or gold bullion, or foreign gold coins deposited with the exchange banks in both Chinese and foreign commercial ports. The public shall be notified by the specified banks once every ten days about the amount of the gold reserve and the places where this reserve is deposited.

This gold reserve shall be subject to the inspection of the special delegates of the Currency Bureau at any time.

Article 7

The gold currency notes may be used in public and private dealings at the proportionate value as notified from time to time by the specified banks.

The use of the gold currency notes shall not be restricted.

Article 8

The specified banks may deposit and carry on other forms of business with the gold currency notes.

Article 9

These regulations shall be enforced from the date of promulgation.

The rules governing the organization of the Currency Bureau

Article 1

The Currency Bureau shall be under the direct control of the Premier and take charge of the following affairs:

(1)
Those in connexion with currency;
(2)
Those in connexion with the issue of notes;
(3)
Other matters in connexion with currency.

Article 2

The following officers shall be appointed to the Currency Bureau:

  • One director-general; this post shall be held by the Minister of Finance concurrently.
  • One governor, to be specially appointed.
  • One adviser, to be engaged.
  • An unlimited number of honorary advisers, to be engaged.

Article 3

In the Currency Bureau, departments shall be established and members appointed to manage the affairs of their respective departments. But before the establishment of such departments, investigation committee shall be appointed with a certain number of members, which shall be decided upon by order of the bureau.

Article 4

For copying documents and the management of miscellaneous affairs, clerks shall be employed in the said bureau.

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Article 5

All the mints, printing offices, paper factories, and the superintendents of the banks under the control of the Ministry of Finance shall be under the supervision and direction of the Currency Bureau.

Article 6

The Currency Bureau may issue orders independently or, in important matters may ask for the issuance of Cabinet orders, or it may issue jointly with the Ministry of Finance.

Article 7

The Currency Bureau shall be established for a period of ten years.

Article 8

The regulations governing management of affairs in the Currency Bureau shall be drafted separately.

Article 9

These rules shall be enforced from the date of promulgation.

  1. Not printed.
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  7. Extract from the Peking Leader of August 11, 1918.