Index

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INDEX

  • Addis, Dr. Thomas, pardon after conviction for recruiting 538541
  • Adelheid, ex-German ship transferred to United States by Cuba, 318
  • Ainsdcle, sunk with American aboard 134
  • Algonquin, American steamer sunk without warning 174, 177
  • Alice, sunk with American aboard 143
  • Allaguash, removal of belligerent reservists 528529, 530
  • Ancona, case of 1916 cited 131132, 133, 151, 161, 163, 168
  • Anna Forstenes, Belgian relief slip torpedoed outside war zone 661
  • Appam, prize in American port, precautions for safety 588
  • Arbitration treaties between Uruguay and Allied powers, negotiations for conclusion 333335, 336339, 350351, 356357, 358, 369.
  • Argentina:
  • Armament of merchant ships (see also Submarine warfare: Resistance and aggression by enemy merchant ships):
    • Armed merchant ships, treatment of crews, neutral seamen:
      • Austro-Hungarian attitude 165166
      • Cases of captured American seamen brought to Germany on the Moewe and Yarrowdale 95, 96, 208215, 218, 587, 588, 590
      • German note 215218
    • Armed merchant ships in neutral ports, attitude of—
    • Armed merchant ships of neutrals, German attitude towards 92
    • British practice and instructions 84, 85, 8687, 543, 546548
    • Effect upon conduct of submarine warfare, German memorandum of Jan. 10 8386, 9697
    • French practice and instructions 84, 87, 542543, 544545
    • Italian practice and instructions 84, 87
    • Russian practice and instructions 87
    • U. S. notice of intent to arm 171
  • Athanasios, case of 1915 cited 676, 684
  • Athos, sunk with loss of several hundred Chinese laborers 429
  • Attualità, merchant ship requisitioned by Italy, libeled in U. S. courts 675687
  • Ausable, removal of belligerent reservist 526, 530
  • Austria-Hungary:
    • Ambassador designate to United States, question of reception 143, 169, 177, 186
      • U. S. refusal to receive 188, 191
    • Diplomatic and consular staffs, return from—
    • Economic condition 39
    • Interests in charge of—
    • Peace, terms and attitude 31, 34, 3839, 7677
      • Counter reply to Allied powers’ rejection of invitation to discuss peace 1012
      • Refusal to consider separate peace 63, 6566
      • Reply to Pres. Wilson’s Senate address of Jan. 22 104105
    • Prisoners of war and interned civilians in Russia, U. S. relief work 623624, 625626
    • Relations with United States:
    • Submarine warfare:
      • Cases 9394, 132
        • Denial of responsibility in certain cases 152, 167
      • Unrestricted conduct, attitude towards 38
        • Notice of Jan. 31 of extent of war zones 104105
        • Aide-mémoire of Mar. 2 161168
    • U. S. diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 596
    • Visit of German Kaiser 41
    • War with Associated powers, declarations by—
  • Avra, sunk with American aboard 185186
  • Aztec, American steamer sunk 203, 204205
  • Bacchante, British war vessel at Monrovia 461, 464, 465
  • Balboa, American steamship blacklisted 505506
  • Barbara, German investigation of sinking with Americans aboard 89
  • Bavaria, German ship interned in Cuba 247
    • Transferred to United States 318
  • Bayonne, sunk with Americans aboard 141142
  • Belgier, sunk with Americans aboard 159
  • Belgium:
  • Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Count von (German Ambassador at Washington):
    • Effort to delay resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare 3233
    • Return from United States upon severance of diplomatic relations 591594
  • Black list of neutral ships, case of Balboa 505506, 507
  • Blair, Ralph K., pardon after conviction for recruiting 538541
  • Blenheim, sunk with American aboard 175176
  • Blockades:
  • Blythe, Samuel G., article on China in Saturday Evening Post 453
  • Bolivia:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 293, 384
    • Cooperation with United States 222223, 253
    • German Minister, departure 608609
    • Relations with Germany, severance 253
    • Submarine warfare, protest against unrestricted conduct 230
  • Bopp, Franz (German Consul General at San Francisco):
    • Conviction for violation of U. S. laws 579580
    • Relieved of office 580
    • Revocation of exequatur 580581
    • Detention and internment 582585
  • Braz Pereira Gomes, Dr. Wenceslao (President of Brazil), messages to Congress 285286, 290291, 351
  • Brazil:
    • Coffee, negotiations with Great Britain for removal of import restrictions 294
      • U. S. intercession 296
      • British conditions 297, 305, 318
        • Brazil’s attitude 310311
      • Suspension of negotiations 397
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 281, 373374
    • Cooperation with United States 222, 226, 283286, 294295
      • Patrolling of South Atlantic 311, 312313, 316
      • Mission to United States 346347, 350
      • Squadron to join U. S. naval forces 379380
    • German diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 606609
    • German ships in Brazilian ports:
    • Neutrality decrees:
      • Decree of Apr. 25, as affecting United States 273274
      • Decrees as affecting Allied powers, withdrawal 304
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 219
    • President, messages to Congress 285286, 290291, 351
    • Relations with Germany, severance, 251252
    • Submarine warfare:
      • Cases of vessels sunk 252, 351
      • Protest against unrestricted conduct 252
    • War with Germany, declaration of state of 352
  • Brincken, Von (attaché of German Consul at San Francisco) conviction for violation of U. S. laws 579580
  • Bulgaria:
    • Peace, counter-reply to Allied powers’ rejection of invitation to discuss peace 6162
    • Relations with United States, maintenance, attitude of—
  • Bunker coal (see also Black list of neutral ships), British bunkering agreements 505, 506507, 507509
  • Cablegrams, transmission by U. S. officials for German, Austrian, and Bulgarian officials 31n, 87, 112, 116, 137, 152
  • California, sunk with American aboard 122, 123, 125
  • Camilla, Belgian relief ship torpedoed outside war zone 661
  • Canadian, sunk with Americans aboard 205
  • Cannizaro, sunk with American aboard 206
  • Centurion, sunk with Americans aboard 146147
  • Chemung, Austro-Hungarian investigation of sinking with Americans aboard 9394
  • Chile:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 241, 364
    • Neutrality, maintenance 229, 251, 298299
    • Submarine warfare, protest against unrestricted conduct 227
    • U. S. Fleet, visit of 309310, 312, 315
  • China:
    • Cabinet:
    • Cooperation with United States 401404, 407409, 410420, 453454, 454455
      • Assurance of cooperation in event of war 407
      • Saturday Evening Post article by Samuel G. Blythe 453
      • U. S. attitude 408, 410411, 419420, 422
      • U.S. influence and prestige 428, 437
    • Cooperation with Allied powers:
    • Desiderata, with regard to tariff, Boxer indemnity, etc 420421, 443
    • German rights and property:
      • Concessions, policed by Chinese 434435, 451
        • Attitude of—
          • Allied powers 434
          • United States 452
      • Extraterritoriality privileges 434, 435436
      • Ships interned 437438
    • Loan from United States, project 402, 419, 427, 430432, 445446, 446447.
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 400401
    • Peace settlement, desire to protect interests in 404407
    • Railway project of Siems-Carey Co., bond issue 449
    • Relations with Germany, severance 418, 420, 422
    • Submarine warfare:
      • Case of vessel sunk with loss of several hundred Chinese laborers 429
      • Protest against unrestricted conduct 407
        • Japanese approval 409
    • War with Germany and Austria-Hungary, declaration of state of war 456
  • Chorley, sunk with Americans aboard 188
  • City of Memphis, American ship sunk 180, 181182
  • Coaling. See Bunker coal.
  • Coffee, Brazilian negotiations with Great Britain for removal of import restrictions 294, 296, 297, 304305, 310311, 318, 397.
  • Colombia:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 308, 370371
    • Neutrality, maintenance 229
    • Submarine warfare, protest against resumption of unrestricted conduct 347
  • Commercial conference in Latin-America. See Conference of American States
  • Conference of Allied leaders at Rome 3, 4
  • Conference of neutrals at Stockholm 5455, 56
  • Conference of American States, initiative taken by—
  • Constantia, ex German ship transferred by Cuba to United States 318
  • Contraband of war, lists of—
  • Conventions. See Treaties and conventions.
  • Cornell, Margaret, conviction along with Germans for violation of U. S. laws 579580
  • Corso, sunk with American aboard 178
  • Costa Rica:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 281, 383
    • German diplomatic staff, safe-conducts for departure 329, 348349
    • Offers to United States of—
      • Benevolent neutrality 243
      • Use of ports and waters 247
    • Recognition of Tinoco government, question involved 243, 274, 287, 328
    • Relations with Germany, severance 329
  • Crews of armed merchant ships, status of neutral members. See Neutral seamen and passengers on armed merchant ships of belligerents.
  • Crispin, sunk with Americans aboard 189190, 194
  • Crowley, Charles C. (employee of German Consul General at San Francisco), conviction for violation of U. S. laws 579580
  • Cuba:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 281
    • Cooperation with United States 221222, 224, 244
      • Mission to United States 247, 254
    • German ships in Cuban ports:
    • War, declaration of a state of war with—
      • Germany 246
      • Austria-Hungary 393
  • Customs collectors. See under United States.
  • Dalbeattie, sunk with Americans aboard 138
  • Davanger, sunk with American aboard 181
  • Declaration of London:
    • German and Austrian appeals to 13, 162
    • Peruvian appeal to 312
    • Removal of belligerent subjects from neutral ships 530
  • Declaration of Paris 13
  • Defensive sea areas. See North Sea.
  • Denmark:
    • Interests in Belgium transferred to Spain by United States 642
    • Neutrality, maintenance 116117
    • Representation of Germany in Danish West Indies 613
  • Deportations. See under Belgium and Germany.
  • Desaix, French cruiser at Monrovia 491
  • Detention and seizure of enemy ships in belligerent ports prior to outbreak of hostilities 221, 247, 252, 327, 438, 453, 558566, 588
  • Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes:
    • Austria-Hungary, rules and practice, destruction at sea 9394
    • Germany, rules and practice (see also Submarine warfare), destruction at sea 8889
    • Great Britain, rules and practice 492493, 494504
  • Diplomatic and consular officers, return from posts upon severance of relations 585610
  • Drina, sunk with Americans aboard 169
  • East Point, sunk with Americans aboard 175
  • Eavestone, sunk with Americans aboard 144145
  • Ecuador:
    • Conference of American States:
      • Initiative towards calling.233, 317
      • Attitude towards Argentine initiative 383, 384
    • Cooperation with United States, opening of waters to friendly war vessels 389
    • Neutrality, maintenance 231232, 317
    • Pan-American solidarity, memorandum on 341344
    • President, message to Congress 317318
    • Relations with Germany, severance 383384
  • Elkus, Abram I. (U. S. Ambassador to Turkey), illness and return from Turkey upon severance of relations 598606
  • Enemy aliens and property, treatment of:
    • Deportation by Liberia 471, 477478, 486489, 491492
    • Internment by—
    • Treaty for protection of citizens and private property presented to United States by Germany, paraphrase of 589590
  • Enemy ships in belligerent ports, treatment prior to outbreak of hostilities 221, 247, 252, 438, 453, 558566, 588
  • Enlistment in belligerent forces, case of Addis and Blair 535541
  • Eptalofos, sunk with Americans aboard 190
  • Euphrates, Belgian relief ship torpedoed outside war zone 661
  • Exchange, The, case cited 681
  • Extraterritoriality in China, transference of consular jurisdiction 434, 435436
  • Far East, war in. See China and Siam.
  • Feistein, Belgian relief ship torpedoed outside war zone 661
  • Flag:
    • Neutral, use by armed enemy merchantmen 92
    • Transfer forbidden by Italian law 686687
  • Folia, sunk with American aboard 172, 173
  • France:
  • “Freedom of the Seas” 2728, 98, 99, 162163, 165
  • Galgorm Castle, sunk with Americans aboard 156157
  • Geier, German warship seized by U. S. naval authorities 558
  • Gerard, James Watson (U. S. Ambassador to Germany), return from Germany upon severance of diplomatic relations 585591
  • Germany (see also Submarine warfare):
    • Belgium:
    • Chargé d’Affaires in Argentina, disclosure of his telegrams to Berlin. See under Argentina.
    • Consular officers at San Francisco, conviction for violating U. S. laws See under United States.
    • Deportation of German civilians from Liberia, protest 471
    • Diplomatic and consular staffs, return from—
    • Economic conditions 7576
    • Greek deportations in Turkey, attitude towards 15
    • Interests in charge of—
      • Denmark in Danish West Indies 613
      • Netherlands in China 434, 438
      • Spain in—
      • Switzerland in—
    • Kaiser’s visit to Austria-Hungary 41
    • Mexico, overtures to, Zimmermann telegram 147, 158, 160, 192
    • Peace, terms and attitude 15, 114
      • Counter-reply to Allied powers’ rejection of invitation to discuss peace 1214
      • Reply to Pres. Wilson’s—
        • Offer of mediation 3436
        • Senate address of Jan. 22 97100
    • Political situation 6667, 6869, 7375, 173174
    • Russian revolution, attitude of German Socialists 77
    • Severance of relations by—
    • Ships in ports of Brazil, China, Cuba, Siam, Uruguay, and United States, treatment accorded. See under individual countries.
    • Treaty for protection of citizens and private property after severance of relations, paraphrase of treaty presented to United States 589590
    • U. S. diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 585591
    • War with Associated powers:
      • United States declaration of war 207208
      • Cuban declaration of war 246
      • Panaman proclamation, amounting to a declaration of war 245, 248
      • Brazilian—
        • Neutrality decrees withdrawn 293, 304
        • Declaration of war 352
      • Uruguayan neutrality decrees withdrawn 301302, 307, 346, 369370
      • Siamese declaration of war 453
      • Liberian—
        • Declaration of war 477
        • Deportation of German subjects 477478, 491492
      • Chinese declaration of war 456
  • Girda, sunk with Americans aboard 182183
  • Good offices. See under Peace.
  • Gouverneur Jaeschke, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Great Britain (see also Black list; Blockades; Detention and seizure of neutral ships and cargoes):
  • Greece:
    • Athens, disturbances of Dec. 1, 1916 4751
    • Blockade by Allied powers 5, 23, 37, 39, 54, 55, 57
    • Neutrality, maintenance 126127, 143144
      • Political situation 7073
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 1617
    • Provisional government, request for U. S. recognition 5253, 76
    • Saloniki, Allied occupation 4
    • Submarine warfare, protest against resumption of unrestricted conduct 142
    • Ultimatum of Allied powers 4, 5, 23, 54
  • Guatemala:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 278, 307, 364365
    • Cooperation with United States 223
      • Suspension of guaranties in border departments 257
      • Request for assurances 258259
        • U. S. assurances 261
          • Acceptance 264
      • Special mission to United States, memorandum on needs for effective cooperation 326327
      • Offer of use of territorial waters, ports, and railways 272
    • Relations with Germany, severance 271
  • Hague conventions cited:
    • VI, 1907 (status of enemy merchant ships at outbreak of hostilities) 590
    • IX, 1907 (restrictions with regard to right of capture) 216, 217
    • XI, 1907 (restrictions with regard to right of capture) 210, 590
    • XIII, 1907 (rights and duties of neutral powers in naval war) 604
  • Haiti:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 293
    • Cooperation with United States 223224, 275, 276
      • U. S. assurances 266268
      • Benevolent policy 279
    • Relations with Germany, severance 301
    • Submarine warfare, protest against resumption of unrestricted conduct 279, 281
  • Hale, William Bayard (Hearst representative in Germany) 94, 95
  • Haelen, Belgian relief ship attacked by submarine 653
  • Healdton, American ship sunk 183, 185
  • Helgoy, sunk with American aboard 82
  • Henry S., removal of belligerent subjects 530
  • Hermes, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Holsatia, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558559
  • Honduras:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 278, 356
    • Cooperation with United States 222, 224, 236237, 276, 282
    • Relations with Germany, severance 282
  • Housatonic, American steamer sunk 112, 115
  • Illinois, American ship sunk 184
  • Immunity of public vessels from local jurisdiction, case of the requisitioned merchant ship Attualità 675687
  • Interests of belligerents, protection. See under individual countries.
  • Internment:
  • Isle of Arran, boats towed to shore by submarine 146
  • Italy:
    • Arbitration treaty with Uruguay, negotiations for conclusion of 333, 334, 336339
    • Armament of merchant ships, instructions and practice 84, 8687
    • Conference of Allied leaders at Rome 34
    • Interests in charge of—
      • Spain in Turkey 601
      • Switzerland in Austria-Hungary 618
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s Senate address of Jan. 22 2930, 6970
    • Price fixing, effect upon U. S. shipments of coal 22
    • Requisitioned merchant ship libeled in U. S. courts, public character of Attualità 675687
  • Inverlogie, sunk with American aboard 170171
  • Japan:
  • Japanese Prince, sunk with Americans aboard 133
  • Kaufmann (Chancellor of German Consulate General at San Francisco), detention at San Francisco for violation of U. S. laws 582583
  • King Alfred, British war vessel at Monrovia 467
  • Kraetke, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • La Compine, sunk with American aboard 183
  • Laconia, sunk with Americans aboard 149, 151
  • Lars Kruse, sunk with cargo for Belgian Relief Commission 636
  • Latin-American conference. See Conference of American States.
  • League to enforce peace, discussion 6, 2526, 30
  • L’Erdre, French armed merchant ship 543544
  • Liberia:
    • Cooperation with United States 458
    • Request for aid to handle possible German outbreak 459
      • U. S. negotiations with France and Great Britain 459461
    • Severance of relations with Germany 462, 472
    • Negotiations with Great Britain and France looking to a declaration of war against Germany 462477, 479485
      • Trade restrictions, British conditions for removal 469470
        • Acceptance 470
        • Liberian proclamation 470471
      • Deportation of German subjects, German protest 471
      • Assurances, British and French 474475, 489491
      • Draft convention 475476
    • War with Germany:
      • Declaration of state of war 477
      • Deportation of German subjects 477478, 491492
  • Liebenfels, German ship sunk in Charleston harbor 561, 588
  • Liechtenstein, interests in Belgium transferred by United States to Spain 642
  • Lincolnshire, sunk with American aboard 203
  • Locksun, German tender seized by U. S. naval authorities 558
  • Lökken, German defense of sinking with American aboard 89
  • Loongmoon, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Lorton, Peruvian ship sunk 231, 312, 324, 331, 340
  • Lucilline, sunk with American aboard 181
  • Lucy Andersen, sunk with American aboard 177
  • Luigi, case of 1916 cited 676, 681, 684, 685
  • Luxburg, Count (German Chargé d’Affaires to Argentina):
    • Telegrams to Berlin, disclosure of 322323, 324, 353
    • Passports sent him 325
    • Safe-conducts to Germany 391n
  • L man M. Law, American schooner sunk 131, 139, 152
  • Mação, ex-German steamer under Brazilian flag torpedoed 351
  • Mail censorship and detention by belligerent governments:
    • Commercial mail to Greece, detention and return 521, 522, 523524
    • French arrangements for detained mail, U. S. inquiry concerning 521
      • French reply 524
    • Remittances in transit through Great Britain 522523, 525526
    • Shipping documents, special treatment 520, 521, 522, 524525
  • Malmanger, sunk with American aboard 184185
  • Manifests of cargo, publication discontinued as precaution against supplying information to belligerent warships 566
  • Mantola, sunk with American aboard 126
  • Marcus L. Urann, removal of belligerent subject 530
  • Mayola, sunk with American aboard 169
  • Mediation. See Peace: Good offices and mediation.
  • Mexico:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards—
      • Argentina’s initiative 308, 364
        • Mexican delegation 380
      • Ecuador’s initiative 243
    • German overtures:
    • Neutrality, maintenance 249, 255, 262, 265266
    • Peace:
      • Carranza’s proposal for terminating war 4546, 54
      • Offer of good offices to restore relations between United States and Germany 241242
  • Michaїlovitch, Lioubomir (Serbian Minister to the United States), appointment and reception 674675
  • Mississippi, French armed merchant ship 544545
  • Missouri, British armed merchant ship 550
  • Missourian, American steamer sunk 205
  • Moewe, German cruiser, capture of neutral seamen. See Neutral seamen and passengers on armed merchant ships of belligerents.
  • Mohacsfield, sunk with American aboard 93
  • Montenegro, interests in charge of Spain in Turkey 601
  • Monte Protegido, Argentine ship sunk 255, 275
  • Monroe doctrine 29, 295
  • Naval war zones. See North Sea and Submarine warfare: Unrestricted conduct.
  • Neath, sunk with Americans aboard 189
  • Netherlands:
    • Belgian relief, attitude 637638, 648, 649
    • Neutrality, maintenance 123
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 2324
    • Representation in enemy countries and in countries with which relations have been severed, of—
    • Transmission of communications between governments, German memorandum on treatment of neutral members of crews of enemy merchantmen 215218
  • Neutral ports:
    • Armed merchant ships, treatment 541558
    • Precautions against supplying belligerent warships information regarding sailings 566569
  • Neutral seamen and passengers on armed merchant ships of belligerents, treatment of:
    • Austro-Hungarian attitude 165166
    • Cases of captured American seamen brought to Germany on the Moewe and Yarrowdale 95, 96, 208215, 218, 587, 588, 590
    • German note on status of neutral seamen 215218
  • Neutral states:
  • Nicaragua:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 278, 289, 356
    • Cooperation with United States 237238, 259, 278279
      • Offer of use of ports and waters 290
    • Relations with Germany, severance 289290
  • Norway, neutrality, maintenance 118119, 130
  • North Sea, “dangerous” area declared by Great Britain 518520
  • Nyland, sunk with American aboard 159
  • Odenwald, restrained in U. S. port, safety precautions 588
  • Olivart, ex-German ship transferred by Cuba to United States 318
  • Oxonian, British armed merchant ship 548550
  • Palm Leaf, British master retained as hostage 146
  • Panama:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 277, 280281, 286, 387388
    • Cooperation with United States 221, 225, 233234
      • Proclamation of alliance and cooperation 245, 248
        • U. S. acceptance of action 250
      • Measures for protection of canal 287288
      • Mission to United States 259260, 271, 281
    • Peace, attitude towards Carranza’s suggestion for terminating war 240
    • War with Germany and Austria-Hungary:
      • Proclamation amounting to a declaration of war against Germany 245, 248, 366
      • Resolution of National Assembly declaring war on Austria-Hungary 385, 390391
  • Pan-American solidarity, policies of 222, 286, 292, 295, 296, 299300, 301, 322, 342344, 352353
  • Paraguay:
    • Conference of American States, attitude 297, 372
      • Initiative towards calling.232, 363
    • Neutrality, maintenance 226227, 254
  • Paraná, Brazilian ship sunk 252
  • Pardo, Dr. José (President of Peru), message to Congress 308309
  • Passports and consular certificates:
    • Expatriation, presumption of 576579
    • Rules for issuance in United States, requirements:
      • Affidavit 573574
      • Letters from commercial firms 574575
      • Photographs 575
      • Witness 575576
      • Surrender of old passports 576
  • Pauli (German Minister to Brazil), return from Brazil upon serverance of relations 606609
  • Peace:
    • Central powers’ proposal, counter-replies to Allied powers’ rejection of:
    • Good offices and mediation:
      • Mexican offer of good offices to restore relations between United States and Germany 241242
      • Pope’s further mediation, U. S. denial of approval 382
      • U. S. suggestions and offers:
        • President’s communication to belligerents 3
          • Joint reply of Allied powers 4, 5, 68, 22
          • Separate note of Belgium 5, 89
          • Attitude of—
        • President’s offer to Germany on basis of Senate address of Jan. 22 3132
          • Acceptance by Germany 3435
        • President’s proposal of assurances to Austria-Hungary:
          • Consultation with Great Britain 4041
          • Presentation to Austria-Hungary 5758, 6364
    • League to enforce, discussion 6, 2526, 30
    • Mexican proposal for terminating war 4546
      • Replies of—
    • Pres. Wilson’s address of Jan. 22 to Senate on bases of a durable peace 2429
    • Terms:
  • Persia:
    • National integrity, desire for preservation of 14
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 14
  • Persia, case of 1916 cited 132133, 151, 163, 168
  • Peru:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 242243, 297, 384
    • Cooperation with United States 230231, 253, 309, 311
    • Pan American solidarity, external policy 321322
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 220
    • President, message to Congress 308309
    • Relations with Germany, severance 340, 341
    • Submarine warfare:
  • Pinna, sunk with Americans aboard 135
  • Pommern, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558559
  • Princess Melita, British armed merchant ship 555
  • Prinz Waldemar, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Prisoners of war, treatment 13
  • Prisoners of war and interned civilians, U. S. relief work for Austra-Hungary in Russia 623624, 625626
  • Prize procedure, Great Britain 500501
  • Prizes, destruction at sea 8889, 9394
  • Public vessels immune from local jurisdiction, case of the requisitioned merchant ship Attualità 675687
  • Recruiting. See Enlistment.
  • Relief. See under Belgium and Prisoners of war.
  • Representation of belligerent governments in enemy countries:
  • Reservists of belligerent forces, removal from neutral ships by enemy 526532
  • Return of diplomatic and consular officers upon severance of relations 585610
  • Ritter, Dr. Paul (Swiss Minister to United States), participation in German overtures to United States for resumption of relations 125, 126, 136137, 139141
  • Roanoke, torpedoed with American aboard 149
  • Ronald, sunk with American aboard 186187
  • Roumania, interests in charge of—
    • Spain in Germany 586
    • Switzerland in Austria-Hungary 618
  • Russia:
    • Aide-mémoire to Siam urging severance of relations with Germany 433
    • Armament of merchant ships, instructions and practice 87
    • Interests in charge of Netherlands in Turkey 601
    • Revolution, attitude of—
      • German socialists 77
      • Pres. Wilson 200
  • Sacramento, American ship attacked by submarine 81
  • Safe-conducts:
  • Salvador:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 278, 356
    • Cooperation with United States, friendly neutrality 330331
      • Opening of waters to U. S. Fleet 347, 370, 371
    • Neutrality, maintenance 235, 251
  • Sanden, Von (German Minister to Bolivia), return from Bolivia upon severance of relations 608609
  • Sandvik, sunk with Americans aboard 203204
  • Saxonian, sunk with Americans aboard 129130, 131, 135
  • Schack, Von (German Vice Consul at San Francisco):
    • Conviction for violations of U. S. laws 579580
    • Detention and internment 582585
  • Scorpion, U.S. warship in Turkish waters 113, 135, 148n, 207, 601, 603604
  • Secondo, sunk with Americans aboard 132, 167
  • Self-determination, Wilsonian principles 27, 29, 202
  • Serbia:
    • Interests in charge of—
      • Spain in—
    • Legation, establishment in United States 674675
      • Minister Michaílovitch presents letters of credence 674675
  • Setos, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Siam:
    • Allied powers, efforts to bring into war 433, 444445
      • Russian aide-mémoire 433
      • U. S. attitude 445
    • Austro-Hungarian Chargé departure 609610
    • German Chargé departure 609610
    • German ships in Siamese ports:
      • Seizure: 453.
      • Negotiations for use:
        • Allied powers 454
        • United States 454
    • Neutrality, maintenance 410
    • War with Germany and Austria-Hungary, declaration of a state of 453
  • Sjöstad, sunk with American aboard 155
  • Skogland, sunk with Americans aboard 141
  • Skrim, sunk with American aboard 142
  • Solidarity.See Pan-American solidarity.
  • Spain:
    • Belgian relief, attitude towards 634635, 648
    • Neutrality, maintenance 117n, 120
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916, to belligerents and Senate address of Jan. 22 3031
    • Representation in enemy countries and in countries with which relations have been severed, of—
    • Submarine warfare, protest against unrestricted conduct 117118
    • Transmission of communications between governments:
      • German protest against Liberian deportation of German subjects 471
      • U. S. communications to Germany 211, 587588
      • U. S. safe-conduct for German Embassy staff and German consuls 591
  • Staatssekretar, German merchant ship in Hawaii at time of severance of relations 558
  • Storenes, sunk with American aboard 159160
  • Storstad, Belgian relief ship sunk by submarine 171172, 652653, 662
  • Submarine warfare (see also Armament of merchant ships):
  • Sussex, case of 1916 cited 106107, 109110
  • Sweden:
    • Conference of neutrals at Stockholm 5455, 56
    • Neutrality, maintenance 124
    • Representation in enemy countries and in countries with which relations have been severed, of—
  • Switzerland:
    • Minister in United States, participation in German overtures to United States for resumption of relations 125, 126, 136137, 139141
      • Attitude of Swiss Government 136137
    • Neutrality, maintenance 127128
    • Representation in enemy countries and in countries with which relations have been severed, of—
    • Submarine warfare, protest against resumption of unrestricted conduct 128129
    • Transmission of communications between governments:
      • German communications regarding Americans on the Yarrowdale 210, 212
      • German notices of extension of submarine blockade 183184, 187
      • German overtures for resumption of relations and U. S. reply 126, 129
      • German proposal concerning Messrs. Bopp and Schack and U. S. reply 582583
  • Tarnowski, Count Adam (Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate to United States) 112113
  • Thode Fagesund, sunk with American aboard 173
  • Toro, Argentine vessel sunk 303
  • Trade restrictions, negotiations for removal of. See Brazil and Liberia.
  • Trading with the Enemy Act, United States 514, 515, 615616
  • Treaties and conventions:
    • Amity and commerce, treaty of 1799 between United States and Prussia 589
    • Amity, commerce, and navigation, treaty of 1867 between Germany and Liberia 471, 486489
    • Arbitration treaties, negotiations between Uruguay and Allied powers for conclusion of 333335, 336339, 350351, 356357, 358, 369
    • Convention for the purchase of Argentine wheat by Great Britain and France 395396, 399400
    • Protection of citizens and their property after severance of relations, paraphrase of treaty presented to United States by Germany 589590
  • Trent, Civil War case cited 526
  • Trevarrack, German investigation of sinking with Americans aboard 96
  • Trevier, Belgian relief ship torpedoed outside war zone 661
  • Trippel, German investigation of sinking with American aboard 88
  • Tritonian, sunk with American aboard 157
  • Tuan Chi-jui (Premier of China). See China: Cabinet, Premier.
  • Tunisie, Belgian relief ship attacked by submarine 653
  • Turino, sunk with American aboard 122123
  • Turkey:
    • German influence 15, 134
    • Greek deportation 15
    • Interests in charge of—
      • Spain in—
      • Sweden in Great Britain and Dominions 602
    • Internment of U.S.S. Scorpion 601
    • Turkish note verbale 603604
    • Peace, counter-reply to Allied powers’ rejection of Central powers’ invitation to discuss peace 5860
    • Relations with United States:
    • U. S. diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 598606
  • United States:
    • Armament of merchant ships, attitude 545, 557
      • President’s request for authority from Congress to arm 150
      • Notice of intent to arm 171
    • Austro-Hungarian diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 594595
    • Belgian deportations, reports on 665668
    • Belgian relief, attitude 630, 645, 647, 650652, 656657
      • Withdrawal of U. S. workers 655, 657
      • Transference of work to Netherland subjects 655
    • Black list of neutral ship, protest 505506
    • Blockade of Central powers, efforts for exemptions 509517
    • Blockade of Greece, attitude 55
    • Cablegrams, transmission by officials for German, Austro-Hungarian, and Bulgarian officials 31n, 87, 112, 116, 137, 152
    • Citizens, prisoners on the Moewe and Yarrowdale, efforts on behalf of 95, 208215, 218, 588
    • Codes, arrangements with Great Britain for deciphering 152153, 155, 157158
    • Conference of American States, attitude 240241, 263, 279281, 289, 355, 372373, 388389
    • Conference of neutrals at Stockholm, attitude 56
    • Cooperation of Latin-American countries with United States, attitude 224, 250, 250251, 254, 259260, 261, 267, 268, 269270, 272, 273, 274, 276, 278279, 281, 292293, 295296, 296, 300301, 302303, 305, 307, 330331, 349, 350, 355, 358363, 366, 370, 379380, 385, 392
    • Cooperation of neutral states, suggestion to follow United States in severing relations with Germany 108
    • Customs collectors, instructions and reports on armed merchant ships in U.S. ports 541542, 543544, 545546, 548549, 550, 551552, 552553.
      • Manifests of cargo, publication discontinued 566
    • Diplomatic and consular staffs:
    • Enlistment in belligerent forces, attitude 536538
    • Far East policy. See China and Siam.
    • Fleet, visits to South American countries 292, 296, 304, 309310, 312, 314315, 336, 344345.
    • German consular officers at San Francisco, conviction for violating U.S. laws 579580
      • Relieved of office 580
      • Revocation of exequaturs 580581
      • German request 582583
        • U. S. reply 583
      • Internment 584585
    • German diplomatic and consular staffs, departure 591594
    • German overtures to Mexico, receipt and publication of Zimmermann telegram 147148, 151152, 153, 155, 158
    • German ships in U. S. ports, treatment prior to declaration of war 221, 558566, 588
    • Intercession with Great Britain for removal of restrictions on coffee from Brazil 296
    • Interests in charge or—
    • Liberian policy. See Liberia.
    • Mails, interference with, attitude 521522, 522523
    • Naval vessel in Turkish waters 113, 135, 148n, 207, 601, 603604
    • Negotiations with—
    • North Sea, attitude towards British declaration of dangerous sea area 519520
    • Pan-American solidarity, attitude 352353
    • Passports.See Passports and consular certificates.
    • Peace:
      • Good offices and mediation. See under Peace.
      • Mexico’s offer of mediation between United States and Germany, attitude 261262
      • Mexico’s proposal for terminating war, attitude 54, 6768
      • Pope’s further mediation, attitude 382
      • Pres. Wilson’s address to Senate on bases of durable peace 2429
    • Persian national integrity, attitude 21
    • Precautions against supplying belligerent warships with information regarding sailings 566569
    • President. See Wilson, Woodrow.
    • Prisoners of war and interned civilians, attitude towards continuance of Austro-Hungarian relief in Russia 623624, 626
    • Public character of ships requisitioned by foreign governments, attitude 680685, 685686
    • Relations with—
    • Representation of belligerent countries, transference to neutrals upon severance of relations with countries concerned 586, 601, 618, 621628, 642
    • Reservists, attitude on removal from ships by enemy 526527, 527528, 528529
    • Safe-conducts 329, 348349, 391n, 607609
    • Serbia, legation established in Washington 674675
    • Submarine warfare, notes and communications to—
    • Trading with Enemy Act 514, 515, 615616
    • War with Germany and Austria-Hungary:
      • Declaration of state of war with Germany:
        • President’s address to Congress advising declaration 195203
        • Joint resolution of Congress declaring war 195
        • Proclamation of Apr. 6, of a state of war 207208
        • Notice to diplomatic representatives 244245
      • Declaration of a state of war with Austria-Hungary 385n
  • Uruguay:
    • Arbitration treaties, negotiations with Allied powers for conclusion of 333335, 336339, 350351, 356357, 358, 369
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 242, 334, 384
    • Cooperation with United States and other American states at war 296, 299300
      • Opening of ports to U. S. Navy 300
        • Acceptance 302
    • German ships in Uruguayan ports:
    • Neutrality, maintenance 228229, 254, 334
    • Neutrality decrees, withdrawal as affecting—
    • Pan-American solidarity, international policy 296, 301
    • Peace, attitude towards Pres. Wilson’s suggestion of Dec. 18, 1916 220
    • Relations with Germany, severance 340, 341
    • Submarine warfare, protest against resumption of unrestricted conduct 228229
    • U. S. Fleet, visits of 292, 296, 314315, 336, 344345
      • Message of Pres. Viera to Pres. Wilson 347348
  • Vatican criticism of British peace terms 22
  • Vedamore, sunk with Americans aboard 130131
  • Venezuela:
    • Conference of American States, attitude towards 283, 365
    • Neutrality, maintenance 239240, 277
  • Viera, Dr. Feliçiano (President of Uruguay), message to Pres. Wilson 347348
  • Vigilancia, American ship sunk 182
  • Wallace, with Americans aboard, attacked by submarine 138
  • War Trade Boar 616, 617
  • War zones, naval. See North Sea and Submarine warfare: Unrestricted conduct.
  • Welsh Prince, sunk with Americans aboard 132, 167
  • Westwego, American steamer forced to deliver oil to submarine: 115116
  • Wheat, British and French negotiations with Argentina for export 306, 366367, 399400
  • Whitlock, Brand. See Belgium: U. S. Minister.
  • Wilfred, sunk with Americans aboard 187
  • Wilson, Woodrow (President):
    • Address to—
      • Senate, Jan. 22, on bases of a durable peace 2429
      • Congress, Feb. 3, on severerance of relations with Germany 109112
      • Congress, Feb. 26, requesting authority to arm merchant vessels 149150
      • Congress, Apr. 2, advising declaration of war against Germany 195203
    • Message to President of Cuba, upon Cuban declaration of war 250251
    • Messages to President of Brazil, upon Brazil’s—
      • Withdrawal of neutrality decrees 296
      • Declaration of war against Germany 355
    • Offer of mediation to Germany on basis of Senate address of Jan. 22 3132
    • Proposal to Allied powers of assurances to Austria-Hungary against dismemberment 4041
    • Reply to message from President of Uruguay 349
  • Yarrowdale, German prize used to convey captured seamen to Germany. See Neutral seamen and passengers on armed merchant ships of belligerents.
  • Zimmermann, Dr. Artur (German Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs), telegram conveying overtures to Mexico 147, 158, 160, 192