List of papers by topics

[Incoming papers are listed chronologically under date of receipt. Unless otherwise specified, the correspondence is from or to the Secretary of State or the Department.]

PART I: THE CONTINUATION AND FURTHER SPREAD OF THE WAR—EFFORTS TOWARD PEACE

The War Prior to the Entrance of the United States

reply of the allied governments, january 10, 1917, to the president’s suggestion of december 18, 1916, that the belligerents communicate their terms of peace—counter-replies of the central powers to the rejection by the allied powers of their invitation of december 12, 1916, to discuss peace

[Page XVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 5, 1917 To the diplomatic representatives in Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and Japan (tel.); the same, with slight change, to Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey Instructions to deny press report that the President will send second peace note to the powers. 3
771 Jan. 4 [Rec’d Jan. 5] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Certain Allied ministers and generals will arrive in Rome tomorrow. 3
781 Jan. 7 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Reported probable result of conference will be withdrawal of Allied troops from Saloniki. 4
784 Jan. 9 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Form of Allies’ joint reply to the President’s peace note was decided in conference at Rome. Russia’s approval awaited. 4
219 Jan. 9 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Greek reply to Entente demands insists upon assurances against encroachments and a commission to settle reparations question. 4
221 Jan. 9 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Blockade of Greece not to be raised until conditions of ultimatum fulfilled. 5
1805 Jan. 10 [Rec’d Jan. 11] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Allies’ reply, to the President’s peace note received; also separate note from Belgium. 5
1806 Jan. 10 [Rec’d Jan. 11] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Quotes Allies’ reply to the President’s peace note and a separate Belgian note. 6
222 Jan. 11 From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Ultimatum accepted in principle by Greece. 10
1635 Jan. 12 [Rec’d Jan. 14] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Austria-Hungary’s counter-reply to Allies’ rejection of Central powers’ invitation to discuss peace. 10
4868 Jan. 12 [Rec’d Jan. 15] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German counter-reply to Allies’ rejection of Central powers’ invitation to discuss 12
Jan. 15 From the Persian Minister Persia endorses the President’s peace move and hopes the United States will assist in maintaining Persia’s rights in the peace conference. 14
2400 Jan. 12 [Rec’d Jan. 16] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Interview with German Ambassador on intended deportation of Greeks, German lack of influence in Turkey, confidential communication of German peace terms, and Great Britain’s attitude. 15
64 Jan. 15 [Rec’d Jan. 16] From the Greek Chargé Presents Greek note of appreciation of the President’s peace proposal. 16
Jan. 16 From the British Ambassador Copy of British note of Jan. 13 outlining conditions necessary for durable peace. 17
228 Jan. 16 [Rec’d Jan. 17] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Conditions of ultimatum accepted without reservation. 21
Jan. 17 To the Persian Minister Acknowledges receipt of Persian note endorsing the President’s peace proposals to belligerents. 21
794 Jan. 17 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Conversation with Foreign Minister on fixing of coal prices, etc. Switzerland reported mobilizing for defense. 21
800 Jan. 21 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) British note to the President criticized at the Vatican, and proposed partition of Europe condemned. 22
230 Jan. 21 From the Minister in Greece (tel.) British Minister considers settlement of Greece’s difficulties proceeding satisfactorily; hopes blockade can be raised. 23
610 Jan. 8 [Rec’d Jan. 22] From the Minister in the Netherlands Transmits press statement of attitude of the Netherlands regarding the President’s peace note. 23

the president’s address to the senate, january 22, on the bases of a durable peace—confidential communication by the german government of its terms of peace

[Page XIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 22 Address of the President of the United States to the Senate Bases of a durable peace 24
Jan. 15 To Ambassadors in belligerent countries (tel.) Text of President Wilson’s address to the Senate on bases of a durable peace, for communication, when notified, to Foreign Offices and press. 24
802 Jan. 22 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) The President’s Senate address favorably received by Foreign Minister. 29
803 Jan. 23 [Rec’d Jan. 24] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Foreign Minister inquires regarding the President’s plan for peace preservation. 30
318 Jan. 26 [Rec’d Jan. 27] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Cooperation of Spain in peace move can be secured by according to that country special consideration. 30
1662 Jan. 25 [Rec’d Jan. 27] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Favorable reception given the President’s peace address by Minister President of Hungary. 31
239 Jan. 27 From the German Ambassador to the German Foreign Office (tel.) Quotes President Wilson’s offer of peace mediation on basis of Senate address of Jan. 22. Urges delay in resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare. 31
1838 Jan. 27 [Rec’d Jan. 28] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) The President’s Senate address endorsed by French Socialist Party and press. Latter holds that peace should come only after victory of Allies. 33
1666 Jan. 27 [Rec’d Jan. 29] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes note of Hungarian Minister President conveying attitude toward President Wilson’s peace address. 34
Jan. 31 From the German Ambassador Germany’s confidential communication of its terms of peace, and at same time notice of resumption of submarine warfare. 34
4972 Jan. 31 [Rec’d Feb. 2] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Germany is determined, by submarine warfare, to compel Great Britain to ask for terms. 37
237 Feb. 1 [Rec’d Feb. 2] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) The Entente permits necessary foodstuffs for Greece, pending the raising of the blockade. 37
1683 Feb. 5 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Foreign Minister’s appeal to the President to induce the Entente to conform to American viewpoint and conclude peace honorable to both sides. 38
1688 Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Report on the Monarchy’s desperate situation and desire for peace. 39
246 Feb. 7 [Rec’d Feb. 8] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) British Minister sees no prospect of raising blockade. 39
[Page XX]

the president’s proposal to the allied powers of assurances to austria-hungary against radical dismemberment, february 8—proposals of the de facto mexican government for termination of the war, february 12—intercession of the united states in behalf of greece

[Page XXI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4421 Feb. 8 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The President’s proposal that the Allied powers give assurances to Austria-Hungary against radical dismemberment. 40
1700 Feb. 10 [Rec’d Feb. 11] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) The Kaiser expected in Vienna for conference with the Emperor. 41
5665 Feb. 11 [Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British can not assure Austria against dismemberment. Entrance of the United States into war urged for moral effect. 41
Feb. 12 From the Mexican Consul General at San Francisco in charge of Mexican interests Carranza’s note to neutral nations tendering cooperation in endeavor to terminate war. 44
154 Jan. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the Minister in Greece Official version of disturbances at Athens on Dec. 1, 1916. 47
309 Jan. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the Consul at Saloniki Formation of Provisional Government in Greece. Enclosure: Note from Foreign Minister requesting recogination. 52
254 Feb. 15 [Rec’d Feb. 16] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Entente consider Greece not acting in good faith regarding execution of terms of ultimatum. Less prospect of raising blockade. 54
Feb. 17 To the Mexican Consul General at San Francisco in charge of Mexican interests Acknowledges receipt of Carranza’s note to neutral nations tendering cooperation in endeavor to end the war. 54
130 Feb. 19 To the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Inquiry regarding conference of neutrals to be held in Stockholm for discussion of matters arising after the war. 54
4467 Feb. 20 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instruction to ascertain Allied intention in respect to food importations into Greece. 55
5714 Feb. 20 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Great Britain will now consider a formal peace commission proposal on behalf of Austria-Hungarv. 55
5725 Feb. 21 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Great Britain now anxious to detach Austria-Hungary from the Central powers. 56
192 Feb. 21 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Conference of European neutral countries to be held at Stockholm. Informed the United States has declined to attend 56
5736 Feb. 22 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Balfour states enemy submarines make it difficult to send supplies to Greece. 57

the offer to austria-hungary, february 22, of limited assurances against dismemberment in the event of a request for early peace—refusal of the austro-hungarian government to consider a separate peace reply of the united states to the proposals of the de facto mexican government reports of the constitutional struggle in germany request of the greek provisional government at saloniki for recognition

[Page XXII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1566 Feb. 22 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Offer to Austria-Hungary of Allies’ limited assurances against dismemberment in the event of a request for early peace. 57
420 Jan. 22 [Rec’d Feb. 23] From the Ambassador in Turkey Transmits Foreign Minister’s recapitulation of Turkey’s attitude following Entente response to Central powers’ invitation to discuss peace. 58
196 Jan. 23 [Rec’d Feb. 23] From the Consul General at Sofia Transmits Bulgarian note on situation created by Entente refusal to accept Central powers’ invitation to discuss peace. 61
1730 Feb. 27 [Rec’d Feb. 28] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister’s memorandum refusing to consider separate peace. 62
1580 Mar. 3 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Instructions to request reconsideration of separate peace; delay may make it ineffective. 63
607 Mar. 4 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Autonomy of Flanders considered by Germany. 64
635 Mar. 10 [Rec’d Mar. 11] rrom the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Jfress reports speech in German Reichstag deploring scarcity of food and demanding equal distribution. 64
1757 Mar. 13 [Rec’d Mar. 15] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary continues to refuse consideration of separate peace. 65
772 Mar. 15 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) German Chancellor has protested against criticism of Reichstag heard in House of Lords and suggested reform of internal policy after the war. 66
Mar. 16 To the Mexican Consul General at San Francisco in charge of Mexican interests The United States is in a position which precludes it from participating in Carranza’s offer of mediation to belligerents. Declines to suspend commercial relations with them. 67
779 Mar. 16 [Rec’d Mar.17] From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) German Chancellor dehnitely committed to more democratic government. 69
872 Mar. 16 [Rec’d Mar.17] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Quotation from foreign Minister’s speech commenting on President Wilson’s Senate address. 69
158 Feb. 11 [Rec’d Mar. 19] From the Minister in Greece Report on political situation, especially on question of Greek neutrality. 70
790 Mar. 20 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Socialist press appeals for free suffrage in Prussia. 73
241 Mar. 19 [Rec’d Mar.21] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Swedish press reports stormy budget debate in German Parliament, Socialists protesting against war policies. 74
513 Mar. 21 [Rec’d Mar.22] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) German Socialist leader reported as urging that bill be introduced before Reichstag granting equal suffrage in electing its members. 75
250 Mar. 23 [Rec’d Mar. 24] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) German press states that provisions are scarce; severer rationing is needed; holds that America, by arming merchant vessels, resorts to armed force. 75
285 Mar. 30 [Rec’d Mar.31] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Greek Provisional Government at Saloniki requests recognition. 76
537 Apr. 1 [Rec’d Apr. 2] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Austria-Hungary advocates peace conference and opposes an armistice. 76
538 Apr. 2 [Rec’d Apr. 3] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Substance of message reported sent to Duma by German Socialists congratulating Russian proletariat on political progress. 77
247 Apr. 4 To the Minister in Greece (tel.) Instructions to report status of Provisional Government and other data on Grecian situation. 77
[Page XXIII]

PART II: NEUTRAL RIGHTS

Neutral Rights as Affected by the Submarine Operations of Germany and Her Allies—Relations of the United States and European Neutrals with Germany and Her Allies—Entrance of the United States into the War

german memorandum, submitted january 10, on the treatment of armed merchant ships as warships—notes in explanation of submarine incidents of 1916—further submarine cases—german and austro-hungarian notes of january 31 announcing the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare

[Page XXIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 9 From the Consul at Cardiff (tel.) American S.S. Sacramento fired on by submarine off French coast. 81
2393 Jan. 8 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Germany reported preparing for submarine blockade of British coast, resolved to sink all ships without war warning. 81
1800 Jan. 9 [Rec’d Jan. 10] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Attack on Norwegian S.S. Helgoy. 82
Jan. 10 From the German Ambassador Treatment or armed merchant ships as warships. Enclosure: Cipher message on subject for transmission to Berlin. 82
Jan. 10 To the German Ambassador Declines to transmit to Germany Ambassador’s cipher message on offensive armament of merchant ships. 87
4860 Jan. 10 [Rec’d Jan. 11] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) German policy of submarine attack on all armed ships without warning. 88
4865 Jan. 11 [Rec’d Jan. 12] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German note on sinking of Norwegian S.S. Trippel. 88
4871 Jan. 12 [Rec’d Jan. 13] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German note relative to sinking of Norwegian S.S. Lökken. 89
4882 Jan. 15 [Rec’d Jan. 16] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German note relative to sinking of British S.S. Barbara. 89
4895 Jan. 17 [Rec’d Jan. 19] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Press summary on armament of merchantmen and German determination to use submarines to fullest extent. 90
4901 Jan. 18 [Rec’d Jan. 19] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Press summary of debate in the Prussian Lower House on unrestrained submarine warfare. 90
4900 Jan. 18 [Rec’d Jan. 19] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Neutral correspondents urged to create sentiment in favor of German reckless submarine warfare. 91
4912 Jan. 21 [Rec’d Jan. 23] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Germany warns neutral shipping against arming, and announces that crews taken on armed merchant vessels of enemies will be treated as prisoners of war. 91
Jan. 23 From the Consul General at Marseilles (tel.) Sinking of the British S.S. Mohacsfield. 93
1654 Jan. 23 [Rec’d Jan. 24] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Destruction of the S.S. Chemung 93
4925 Jan. 25 [Rec’d Jan. 26] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Inquiry regarding status of negotiations relative to submarine attacks on merchant vessels without warning. 94
3834 Jan. 27 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) No change of policy regarding armed merchantmen. 95
4939 Jan. 29 [Rec’d Jan. 30] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Discusses various reports regarding submarine warfare. Requests summaries of German communications for his information. 95
4948 Jan. 29 [Rec’d Jan. 30] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German note on sinking of British S.S. Trevarrack. 96
4957 Jan. 30 [Rec’d Jan. 31] From xne Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Discussion of German memorandum on armed merchant vessels. 96
4957 Jan. 30 [Rec’d Jan. 31] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Employment of reckless submarine warfare and blockade of English coast. 97
Jan. 31 From the German Ambassador Germany announces resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare and limits of the war zone. Warning: to American shipping. 97
322 Jan. 31 [Rec’d Feb. 1] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain inquires U.S. attitude regarding blockade by Germany and destruction of neutral vessels without warning. 102
3851 Feb. 1 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) No reply made to German note declaring armed merchantmen to be warships; notice of submarine blockade of England received. 103
4961 Jan. 31 [Rec’d Feb. 1] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Conversation with Foreign Minister regarding reasons for unrestricted use of submarine, and possibility of war with the United States. 103
1674 Feb. 1 [Rec’d Feb. 3] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Austro-Hungarian note announcing resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare. 104
[Page XXV]

the severance of relations with germany, february 3–effort at resumption of negotiations through the swiss minister, february 11–maintenance of relations with austria-hungary, turkey, and Bulgaria—refusal of the european neutral governments to follow the example of the united states in severing relations with germany; their protests to the central powers-submarine attacks on american ships and ships with americans aboard—receipt, february 24, of the zimmermann telegram conveying germany overtures to mexico

[Page XXVI] [Page XXVII] [Page XXVIII] [Page XXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2307 Feb. 3 To the German Ambassador U.S. severance of diplomatic relations with Germany. Correspondence leading to announcement quoted. 106
Feb. 3 To the diplomatic representatives in neutral countries (tel.) Instructions to notify Government to which accredited of U.S. severance of relations with Germany, suggesting similar action by neutral powers. 108
1518 Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Text of the President’s address of Feb. 3 to Congress, for the Foreign Minister and for publication. 108
Feb. 3 Address of the President of the United States to Congress Résumé of events leading to severance of relations with Germany. 109
Feb. 4 From the Consul at Plymouth (tel.) American S.S. Housatonic torpedoed. 112
1526 Feb. 4 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Efforts of Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate to continue diplomatic relations with the United States. 112
1680 Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Foreign Minister desires that good relations between the United States and Austria-Hungary be maintained. 113
3328 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Desire to maintain friendly relations with Turkey. 113
4994 Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Reports interview with Chancellor and Foreign Minister on attitude of America. Terms upon which Germany would make peace. 114
5607 Feb. 5 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Reported British ship Eavestone shelled by German submarine. American citizen killed. 114
5610 Feb. 6 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Sinking of the Housatonic and rescue of crew. 115
5615 Feb. 6 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) German submarine U–45 demanded and obtained lubricating oil of the American S.S. Westwego. 115
107 Feb. 6 To the Consul General at Sofia (tel.) Instructions to suggest continuance of friendly relations between the United States and Bulgaria. 116
1532 Feb. 6 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Message for transmission from the Bulgarian Minister at Washington to his Government, stating the United States desires to maintain friendly relations with Bulgaria. 116
439 Feb. 6 From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Quotes Denmark’s note declining to follow the United States in severing relations with Germany. 116
331 Feb. 6 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Transmits copy of Spam’s protest to Germany against unrestricted submarine warfare. 117
551 Feb. 7 [Rec’d Mar. 9] From the Ambassador in Spain Encloses Spanish note maintaining neutrality. 117n
115 Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Minister in Norway (tel.) Norway will limit its action against Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare to a joint protest with other Scandinavian countries. 118
5616 Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British satisfaction at U.S. break in relations with Germany. 119
330 Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) The King declares Spain will remain neutral in order to represent belligerents at various capitals in interest of humanity. 120
5625 Feb. 7 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Indications of success in dealing with submarines. 121
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of the California by submarine without warning. 122
Feb. 7 [Rec’d Feb. 8] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) British S.S. Turino torpedoed without warning. 122
Feb. 7 [Rec’d Feb. 8] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Details regarding sinking of the California; death roll. 123
712 Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Quotes in part Netherland note refusing to follow example of the United States in severing relations with Germany. 123
171 Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Quotes Sweden’s note declining to follow the United States in severing relations with Germany 124
Feb. 10 From the Counselor for the Department of State Swiss Minister offers good offices to prevent war between the United States and Germany. 125
5658 Feb. 10 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Affidavits of ship’s officers confirm reports of sinking of the California. 125
Feb. 10 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of British India liner Mantola. 126
Feb. 11 From the Swiss Minister Germany willing to negotiate with the United States provided English blockade is maintained. 126
251 Feb. 10 [Rec’d Feb. 11] From the Minister in Greece (tel.) Greece declines to take united action with the United States in severing relations with Germany. 126
501 Feb. 10 [Rec’d Feb. 11] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes Swiss note declining to unite with the United States in severing relations with Germany, and declaring intention of preserving neutrality. 127
505 Feb. 11[Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Quotes Swiss protest to Germany and Austria-Hungary against blockade; reservation of rights. 128
Feb. 12 To the Swiss Minister No negotiations possible with Germany until proclamation of unrestricted submarine warfare is withdrawn. 129
Feb. 12 [Rec’d Feb. 13] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of British tanker Saxonian. 129
119 Feb. 13 From the Minister in Norway (tel.) Quotes Norwegian note declining to follow the United States in severing; relations with Germany. 130
5676 Feb. 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Sinking of British S.S. Vedamore 130
Feb. 13 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Saxonian’s boats picked up, after being shelled. 131
Feb. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Reported destruction of schooner Lyman M. Law and landing of crew at Sardinia. 131
1551 Feb. 14 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Uncertainty of interpretation of Austria-Hungary’s declarations on submarine warfare. Instructions to ascertain attitude. 131
5690 Feb. 14 [Rec’d Feb. 15] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The Japanese Prince torpedoed without warning. 133
5689 Feb. 14 [Rec’d Feb. 15] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Sinking of British sailing ship Ainsdale. 134
2479 Feb. 11 [Rec’d Feb. 15] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Relations between the United States and Turkey remain normal. 134
Feb. 15 From the Consul at Swansea (tel.) British tank steamer Pinna attacked by submarine. 135
5694 Feb. 15 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Affidavits indicate submarine torpedoed the Saxonian without knowing its nationality. 135
1705 Feb. 15 [Rec’d Feb. 16] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austria-Hungary taking precautions against break with America. No submarine activity outside the Adriatic. 135
545 Feb. 19 [Rec’d Feb. 20] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Swiss criticism of Minister at Washington for activities in German overtures to the United States. Germany’s published statement. 136
1713 Feb. 19 [Rec’d Feb. 20] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Drastic measures to prevent press articles hostile to America. 137
121 Feb. 18 [Rec’d Feb. 20] From the Consul General at Sofia (tel.) Bulgaria intends to preserve friendly relations with the United States. 137
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 20] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Dalbeattie. 138
Feb. 20 From the Consul at Havre (tel.) Attack upon and escape of British ship Wallace. 138
848 Feb. 20 From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Sinking of schooner Lyman M. Law. 139
Feb. 21 Memorandum of the Secretary of State Swiss Minister explains that German overtures originated in Washington with approval of German Ambassador. 139
Feb. 21 From the Consul General at Barcelona (tel.) Sinking of Swedish S.S. Skogland. 141
5732 Feb. 21 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Destruction of French sailing ship Bayonne. 141
284 Feb. 21 [Rec’d Feb. 23] From the Greek Chargé Greek representations to Germany reserving rights in matter of submarine warfare. 142
Feb. 23 From the Consul at Havre (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Skrim. 142
1567 Feb. 23 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austria-Hungary must change its submarine policy, otherwise its representative can not be received by the United States. 143
Feb. 23 From the Consul at Havre (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Alice. 143
311 Feb. 24 From the Greek Legation Greece declines to follow the United States in severing relations with Germany. 143
279 Feb. 7 [Rec’d Feb. 24] From the Consul at Cork Discussion of the Eavestone sinking and of the submarine campaign off Irish coast. 144
Feb. 24 From the Consul General at London (tel.) Sinking of British sailing ship Centurion. 146
5747 Feb. 24 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes intercepted telegram of German Foreign Minister conveying overtures to Mexico and Japan. 147
2475 Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 25] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Rupture of diplomatic relations between the United States and Germany as affecting Turkey’s policy. 148
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 26] From the Vice Consul at Dundee (tel.) British S.S. Roanoke torpedoed without warning; vessel with crew towed to Dundee. 149
Feb. 26 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Cunarder Laconia. 149

the armament of american merchant ships—the sinking of the “laconia,” february 26, of other ships with americans aboard, and of American ships—austro-hungarian aide-mémoire on submarine policy, march 2—refusal of the american government to receive the austro-hungarian ambassador designate—declaration of a state of war with germany, april 6

[Page XXX] [Page XXXI] [Page XXXII] [Page XXXIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 26 To the diplomatic representatives in all countries except Liberia and Morocco (tel.) Quotes extract from the President’s address of Feb. 26 to Congress requesting authority to protect American life and property at sea. 149
1728 Feb. 26 [Rec’d Feb. 27] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Foreign Minister gives assurance of satisfactory reply to communication regarding the Ancona and Persia pledges. 151
Feb. 27 From the Consul at Liverpool (tel.) Reports loss of life in sinking of the Laconia. 151
4483 Feb. 27 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Appreciation of information regarding Germany’s overtures to Mexico. Matter to be taken up with Carranza. 151
1729 Feb. 27 From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Official denial that the Lyman M. Law was sunk by Austro-Hungarians. 152
1731 Feb. 27 [Rec’d Feb. 28] From the Ambassador in Austria Hungary (tel.) Official assurance of satisfactory reply to U.S. inquiry regarding submarine warfare. 152
4493 Feb. 28 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to request copy of German code and to decode certain German messages to South American countries. 152
737 Feb. 28 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Press summary of German Chancellor’s address to Reichstag on U.S. break in relations. 153
4494 Mar. 1 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to obtain permission to decode original of German overture to Mexico as secured in Washington. 155
Mar. 1 From the Consul at Havre (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Sjöstad. 155
589 Mar. 1 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Press reports or statements of various party leaders in German Reichstag on war conditions. 156
Mar. 1 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Submarine attack on British bark Galgorm Castle. 156
Mar. 1 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Submarine attack on Donaldson freight liner Tritonian. 157
Mar. 1 [Rec’d Mar. 2] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Suggestion that all German code messages be sent to England to be deciphered, as code experts can not be spared. 157
5789 Mar. 2 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Returns deciphered text of original German overture to Mexico. 158
1901 Mar. 2 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Nyland 159
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 3] From the Consul at Southampton (tel.) British S.S. Belgier torpedoed by German submarine. 159
Mar. 3 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian bark Storenes 159
603 Mar. 3 [Rec’d Mar. 4] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) German comments on publication in the United States of German overtures to Mexico and Japan. 160
Mar. 3 [Rec’d Mar. 4] From the Ambassador in Japan (tel.) Japan denies receipt from Mexico of German proposals of alliance 160
1739 Mar. 2 [Rec’d Mar. 4] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary, (tel.) Quotes Austria-Hungary’s justification of submarine policy. 161
Mar. 5 From the Consul at Liverpool (tel.) Attack on British schooner Mayola. 169
Mar. 5 From the Consul at Liverpool (tel.) Submarine attack on British S.S. Drina. 169
1746 Mar. 6 [Rec’d Mar. 7] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Foreign Minister requests that full reception be given the Ambassador designate in the United States. 169
5816 Mar. 9 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) General feeling that U.S. delay in sending out ships means submission to German blockade. 170
Mar. 10 From the Consul at Swansea (tel.) Sinking of British bark Inverlogic 170
Mar. 12 To the Argentine Embassy; mutatis mutandis, to all foreign embassies and legations at Washington Announces the arming of U.S. merchant ships. 171
Mar. 12 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Storstad bound for Rotterdam for Belgian relief 171
Mar. 12 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Cunard nonpassenger liner Folia. 172
120 Feb. 16 [Rec’d Mar. 13] From the Consul General at Sofia (tel.) Bulgaria reciprocates friendly feelings of the United States. 172
Mar. 13 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Further report on sinking of Cunarder Folia. 173
Mar. 13 From the Vice Consul at Rotterdam (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian freight steamship Thode Fagesund. 173
765 Mar. 13 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Summary of political situation in Germany. 173
Mar. 14 From the Consul at Plymouth (tel.) Sinking of S.S. Algonquin of New York. 174
Mar. 14 From the Consul General at London (tel.) British ship East Point torpedoed 175
303 Feb. 24 [Rec’d Mar. 15] From the Consul at Cork Report of destruction of Norwegian bark Blenheim and of submarine activity off Irish coast. 175
1760 Mar. 14 [Rec’d Mar. 16] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Prospect of difficulties if Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate not received in Washington. 177
Mar. 15 [Rec’d Mar. 16] From the Consul at Hull (tel.) Sinking of British S.S. Lucy Andersen. 177
Mar. 15 [Rec’d Mar. 17] From the Consul at Plymouth (tel.) Additional details on sinking of American S.S. Algonquin. 177
Mar. 17 From the Consul General at Marseilles (tel.) Attack on British merchant steamer Corso. 178
1606 Mar. 18 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) U.S. position regarding official reception of Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate. 178
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 18] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of the S.S. City of Memphis. 180
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 19] From the Consul at Cork (tel.) British tanker Lucilline torpedoed 181
Mar. 20 From the Vice Consul at Rotterdam (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian freight-steamship Davanger. 181
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 20] From the Consul at Glasgow (tel.) Sinking of the City of Memphis 181
Mar. 21 [Rec’d Mar. 22] From the Consul at Plymouth (tel.) Sinking of the Vigilancia 182
1948 Mar. 22 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Girda 182
Mar. 22 From the Vice Consul at Rotterdam (tel.) Sinking of Dutch tank-steamship La Campine owned by American company. 183
Mar. 22 From the Consul at Amsterdam (tel.) Standard Oil ship Healdton torpedoed. 183
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 23] From the Swiss Minister German notice of extension of submarine blockade of Arctic Ocean. 183
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 23] From the Consul at Southampton (tel.) Sinking of American ship Illinois. 184
Mar. 23 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian tanker Malmanger. 184
Mar. 23 From the Consul at. Amsterdam (tel.) Additional details on sinking of the Healdton. 185
Undated [Rec’d Mar. 23] From the Consul at La Rochelle (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Avra 185
1781 Mar. 22 [Rec’d Mar. 24] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) U.S. delay in receiving the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate. 186
1955 Mar. 23 [Rec’d Mar. 24] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Ronald. 186
1959 Mar. 24 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S.S. Wilfred. 187
IV. 4 Mar. 24 [Rec’d Mar. 26] From the Swiss Minister German notice of further extension of submarine blockade of Arctic Ocean. 187
Mar. 26 From the Consul at Liverpool (tel.) Attack on British S.S. Chorley 188
1624 Mar. 28 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Refusal to receive Ambassador designate and offer of safeconduct to Vienna. Instructions for U. S. Ambassador to report in Washington. 188
Mar. 28 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of British bark Neath 189
Mar. 30 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) British freight liner Crispin torpedoed. 189
Mar. 30 [Rec’d Mar. 31] From the Consul General at Marseilles (tel.) Sinking of British S.S. Eptalofos. 190
3467 Mar. 31 To the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Instructions to be followed in case Turkey decides to sever relations with the United States. 191
532 Mar. 31 [Rec’d Apr. 1] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Quotes German Foreign Minister’s address before the Reichstag in justification of his overtures to Mexico. 192
535 Mar. 31 [Rec’d Apr. 1] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Press report of German Chancellor’s speech concerning possibility of war with the United States. 192
1800 Apr. 1 [Rec’d Apr. 2] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austria-Hungary will sever diplomatic relations with the United States if latter declares war on Germany. 193
Apr. 2 From the Consul at Liverpool (tel.) Additional data regarding crew of the Crispin. 194
Apr. 2 To the diplomatic representatives in all countries (tel.) Résumé of President’s address to Congress advising declaration of war; joint resolution of Congress declaring war with Germany. 194
Apr. 2 Address of the President Text of address before joint session of the two Houses of Congress advising war with Germany. 195
1969 Apr. 2 [Rec’d Apr. 3] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) American S.S. Aztec torpedoed 203
Apr. 4 From the Consul at Cardiff (tel.) Sinking of the British S.S. Lincolnshire. 203
Apr. 4 From the Consul at Cardiff (tel.) Sinking of Norwegian S. S. Sandvik. 203
1974 Apr. 4 [Rec’d Apr. 5] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of the American S. S. Aztec. 204
Apr. 5 From the Consul General at Genoa (tel.) Sinking of the American S. S. Missourian. 205
Apr. 5 From the Consul at Cork (tel.) Sinking of Leyland horse transport Canadian. 205
Apr. 5 From the Consul at Hull (tel.) Sinking of British S. S. Cannizaro. 206
2587 Apr. 2 [Rec’d Apr. 6] From the Ambassador in Turkey (tel.) Speculation regarding Turkey’s attitude toward the United: States. Suggested diplomatic representations should relations be broken. 206
1364 Apr. 6 Proclamation Proclaims existence of war between the United States and Germany. 207
[Page XXXIV]

The Status of Neutral Seamen on Armed Merchant Ships of Belligerent Nationality—Treatment of Captured American Seamen Brought to Germany by the “Yarrowdale” and the “Moewe”

[Page XXXV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4909 Jan. 19 [Rec’d Jan. 20] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Press reports British S. S. Yarrowdale brought in as German prize with neutrals among prisoners on board. 208
3809 Jan. 22 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Inquiry whether any Americans among prisoners on board Yarrowdale. 208
4929 Jan. 26 [Rec’d Jan. 27] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Reported American prisoners are on Yarrowdale and German Government undecided what position to take regarding them. 208
4949 Jan. 30 [Rec’d Jan. 31] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Quotes German note stating that American citizens were among crews brought in by Yarrowdale. 209
3857 Feb. 2 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Instructions to insist on release of Americans on Yarrowdale. 209
4992 Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Americans on Yarrowdale will be released. 210
Feb. 12 From the Swiss Minister Transmits German message that release of Americans on Yarrowdale conditional upon freedom from seizure of German vessels in U.S. waters. 210
355 Feb. 17 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Officially reported that nonbelligerents on Yarrowdale will be liberated. 211
269 Feb. 20 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Formal demand upon Germany through Spanish Ambassador at Berlin for release of Yarrowdale prisoners. 211
370 Feb. 25 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Official notice that Yarrowdale prisoners were released on 16th. 211
291 Feb. 27 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Reported infectious disease prevents release of Yarrowdale prisoners. Instructions to request that Spanish representative be sent to investigate. 211
XVI 2 Mar. 2 From the Swiss Minister Transmits German note explaining delay in release of Yarrowdale prisoners and promising release at end of Quarantine. 212
399 Mar. 7 [Rec’d Mar. 8] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spanish Embassy doctor visits Yarrowdale prisoners and states conditions are as reported by German authorities. 212
408 Mar. 12 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Release of American prisoners on the Yarrowdale. 213
636 Mar. 12 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Arrival at Zürich of Americans from Yarrowdale. 213
678 Mar. 23 From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Return of the Moewe to German port with prisoners. Suggests representations through Spanish diplomatic channels. 213
349 Mar. 24 To the ambassador in Spain (tel.): for Berlin Request for release of Americans if any brought in as prisoners on the Moewe. 214
376 Mar. 31 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to urge Foreign Office to secure information regarding American prisoners on the Moewe and obtain their release. 214
481 Apr. 16 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) German reply to request for release of Moewe prisoners. 214
435 Apr. 26 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to request investigation of internment camp of the Moewe prisoners. 215
879 Apr. 18 [Rec’d May 15] From the Chargé in the Netherlands Transmits German memorandum of Mar. 30 regarding treatment of neutral members of crews of enemy merchantmen. 215
480 May 21 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Red Cross reports on American prisoners in Germany. Instructions to request Spanish investigation and report. 218
569 May 23 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spanish Ambassador’s report on American prisoners in Germany. 218

Relations of Latin-American Countries with the United States and with European Belligerent Countries as Affected by the War in General and by the German Submarine Warfare

expressions of approval of the president’s suggestions of december 18, 1916, to belligerent governments—responses to the notification of the severance by the united states of relations with germany—replies to the german notification of resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare

[Page XXXVI] [Page XXXVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 20, 1916 To the diplomatic representatives in all neutral countries (tel.) Instructions to deliver to Government to which accredited the President’s suggestion to belligerent governments that they communicate their terms of peace. 219
Jan. 8, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 9] From the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Quotes Brazil’s note concurring in pacific sentiments expressed by the President’s peace note. 219
Jan. 12 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Quotes Uruguay’s reply in sympathy with the President’s peace note. 219
Jan. 19 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes Peru’s note expressing wish that the peace initiative of President Wilson may produce results. 220
Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Panama’s offer of cooperation with United States. Precautions taken in Canal Zone to prevent possible injury to the canal. 221
Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Cuba ready to render moral and material support to the United States against Germany. 221
Feb. 5 From the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Brazil will protest against German policy; looks to concerted action of South American powers; and supports action of the United States. 222
Feb. 5 [Rec’d Feb. 6] From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Honduras gives assurance of sympathy with U.S. action toward Germany. Minister inquires if authorized to guarantee U. S. protection in case of German aggression. 222
Feb. 6 From the Minister in Bolivia (tel.) Bolivian accord with U.S. view on Germany’s submarine policy. 222
Feb. 7 From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Guatemala disposed to cooperate with United States. 223
Feb. 7 [Rec’d Feb. 8] From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Quotes Foreign Minister’s note stating Haiti is disposed to adopt such attitude as will be necessary to obtain peace. 223
Feb. 8 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Cuban protest against German note on submarine warfare, opening way for severance of 224
Feb. 8 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) The United States not in position to guarantee protection in case of aggression resulting from proposed action against Germany. 224
Feb. 8 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Quotes in part Panama’s note giving assurance of cooperation in defense of the canal should armed force be necessary. 225
Feb. 8 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentine attitude toward Germany theoretically at one with that of the United States, but, in absence of concrete injury, form of reply will appear different. 225
Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Quotes in part Brazil’s note protesting against blockade of England’s coast and placing upon Germany responsibility for any incidents resulting therefrom. 226
Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Minister in Paraguay (tel.) Paraguay may abstain from formally expressing its attitude toward Germany but is in full sympathy with U.S. position. 226
Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Ambassador in: Chile (tel.) Chile in note to Germany refuses acceptance of blockade measure and reserves rights. 227
DE–6 Feb. 9 From the Argentine Ambassador Forwards copy of Argentina’s reply to Germany deploring extreme measures of blockade and declaring adherence to rules of international law. 227
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 9] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Quotes Uruguay’s note recognizing justice of the President’s sentiments; also note of protest to Germany. 228
Feb. 9 [Rec’d Feb. 10] From the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Quotes in part Chile’s note disclosing unity of purpose with the United States in favor of general rights of neutrality. 229
Feb. 9 [Rec’d Feb. 10] From the Chargé in Colombia (tel.) Approval of Colombian treaty desired. Apprehension lest the United States invade Colombia 229
Feb. 8 [Rec’d Feb. 10] From the Minister in Bolivia (tel.) Quotes Bolivian note to Germany stating Bolivia unites with the United States in protesting against restriction of neutral shipping. 230
Feb. 11 [Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes Peru’s note of appreciation of the President’s stand on blockade and hope that war with Germany may be averted. 230
Feb. 12 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes from Peru’s reply to Germany refusing to accept principles of blockade with reservation of rights. Lorion case cited. 231
Feb. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the Minister in Ecuador (tel.) Quotes Ecuador’s acknowledgment of the President’s message without indicating attitude toward his suggestion that neutrals sever relations with Germany. 231

suggestions by paraguay, ecuador, and argentina for a conference of american states—attitude of the de facto mexican government regarding the german proposal for an alliance—offer of mexico’s good offices to restore relations between the united states and germany

[Page XXXVIII] [Page XXXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 15 [Rec’d Feb. 16] From the Minister in Paraguay (tel.) Paraguay’s suggestion that attitude of neutral American states be determined in convention. 232
2 Feb. 16 From the Ecuadoran Minister Presents Ecuador’s proposal of an American congress for agreeing upon joint action to protect neutral rights. 233
Feb. 24 From the Minister in Parama (tel.) Panaman Assembly authorizes cooperation with the United States in event of war with Germany. 233
10 Feb. 26 To the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Instructions to disclose to Carranza U. S. knowledge of German overtures and to suggest that statement of Mexico’s position be published. 234
9 Feb. 26 [Rec’d Feb. 27] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Foreign Minister denies knowledge of German overtures. 235
Feb. 27 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentine initiative in suggesting that Latin-American powers mediate between Germany and the United States. 235
Feb. 27 From the Minister in Salvador (tel.) Salvador Will observe scrupulous neutrality. 235
Mar. 3 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Probable outcome of projected Latin-American conference. 236
420 Feb. 17 [Rec’d Mar. 6] From the Minister in Honduras Transmits Honduran note commending action of the United States against Germany. 236
339 Feb. 9 [Rec’d Mar. 6] From the Minister in Nicaragua Transmits Nicaraguan note expressing regret over U. S. break in relations with Germany and hope that rights of neutrals will be respected. 237
13 Mar. 10 [Rec’d Mar. 11] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Carranza denies having received proposal of alliance with Germany; suggests peace conference at Washington. 238
Mar. 7 [Rec’d Mar. 12] From the Venezuelan Minister While Venezuela maintains strict neutrality, it sympathizes with U.S. move to enforce respect for neutral rights. 239
1266 Feb. 23 [Rec’d Mar. 14] From the Minister in Panama Panama refuses to follow Mexico’s suggestion that neutral governments discontinue sending munitions and supplies to belligerents. 240
Mar. 14 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Instructions to report Argentina’s activities regarding mediation by Latin-American powers. 240
Mar. 14 To the Ambassador in Chile (tel.): torepeat to Peru and Uruguay Instructions to report on activities of Argentina regarding mediation by Latin-American powers, also on attitude of Government to which accredited. 240
Mar. 15 From the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Chile and Brazil will not join Argentine movement for mediation between the United States and Germany. 241
Mar. 16 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Slight activity in promoting move for Latin-American mediation. 241
26 Mar. 17 [Rec’d Mar. 18] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Offer of Mexico’s good offices to restore relations between the United States and Germany. 241
Mar. 20 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) No organized effort to bring about mediation by Latin-American republics; plan not favored by Uruguay. 242
Mar. 24 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Peru discredits mediation proposition, favoring united action for insisting on neutrality and observance by belligerents of neutral rights. 242
54 Apr. 3 From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Ecuador and Colombia apparently only American republics supporting Mexican peace propaganda. 243
Apr. 3 [Rec’d Apr. 4] From the Minister in Costa Rica (tel.) Costa Rica will observe benevolent neutrality and try to prevent development of hostility against the United States within its territory. 243
Apr. 5 From the Cuban Minister Message from the Foreign Minister stating Cuba identified with the United States in policy; Cuban President will request authorization to declare a state of war with Germany. 244

responses to the notification of a state of war between the united states and germany—severance of relations with germany, in terms amounting to a declaration of war, by panama, april 7—declaration of war with germany by cuba, april 7—severance of relations with germany by brazil, april 11, in consequence of the sinking of the “paraná”—severance of relations with germany by bolivia, april 13—the sinking of the argentine ship “monte protegido”

[Page XL] [Page XLI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 6 To the diplomatic representatives in all countries except Russia (tel.) Notification of state of war between the United States and Germany. 244
Apr. 6 [Rec’d Apr. 7] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Exequaturs of German consuls in Panama will be canceled and proclamation of alliance with the United States will be issued. 245
Apr. 7 [Rec’d Apr. 8] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Panaman proclamation of alliance and cooperation with the United States in war with Germany 245
Apr. 7 [Rec’d Apr. 8] From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Quotes text of act authorizing the Cuban President to declare war on Germany. 246
Apr. 7 [Rec’d Apr. 8] From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Commission to be sent to Washington to confer regarding Cuba’s part in war. Precautions taken on land and in harbor. 247
Apr. 9 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Inquires if Panaman proclamation is declaration of war against Germany. 247
Apr. 9 [Rec’d Apr. 10] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Quotes extract from Panaman proclamation in which Panama and Germany defined as belligerents 248
77 Apr. 10 [Rec’d Apr. 11] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Officially confirmed that proclamation construed as declaration of war. 248
Apr. 10 [Rec’d Apr. 11] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Quotes Foreign Office note lamenting U.S. difficulties with Germany and promising to omit no effort to bring about peace. 249
Apr. 10 [Rec’d Apr. 11] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Quotes Argentine note recognizing justice of U.S. action against Germany. 249
Apr; 12 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Satisfaction expressed at action of Panama in allying itself with the United States. 250
Apr. 12 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) President Wilson’s message to the President of Cuba in appreciation of Cuba’s declaration of war against Germany. 250
Apr. 12 From the Salvadoran. Minister Salvador will maintain neutrality. Presents sympathy and good wishes to the United States. 251
Apr. 12 From the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Chile will maintain neutrality 251
Apr. 12 [Rec’d Apr. 13] From the Brazilian Ambassador Severance of relations with Germany by Brazil in consequence of the sinking of the Paraná. 251
Apr. 12 [Rec’d Apr. 13] From the Consul General at Rio de Janeiro (tel.) Brazil takes possession of German shipping in its ports. 252
Apr. 13 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes Peru’s note deploring necessity for U.S. action against Germany. 253
Apr. 14 From the Bolivian Minister Bolivia severs relations with Germany. 253
Apr. 14 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Gratification at Cuba’s desire to cooperate by sending commission to the United States. 254
Apr. 14 [Rec’d Apr. 15] From the Minister in Paraguay (tel.) Paraguay sympathizes with the United States in its action against Germany. 254
Apr. 14 [Rec’d Apr. 15] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay approves U.S. action against Germany but will observe neutrality. 254
Apr. 15 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Sinking of the Argentine brigantine Monte Protegido by German submarine may cause severance of diplomatic relations. 255
95 Apr. 15 [Rec’d Apr. 16]J From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Mexico will observe strict neutrality. 255
Apr. 16 To the Brazilian Ambassador No recourse left Brazil and the 255 United States but to take up arms to meet attacks on neutral shipping. 255
Apr. 16 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentina expresses appreciation of attitude of Brazil in defense of principles of international law. 256

Argentina’s initiative toward calling a conference of American states; attitude of the united states—offer of support in the war by guatemala in exchange for assurances against possible consequences: acceptance by the united states—similar assurances to haiti

[Page XLII] [Page XLIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 16 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Calling of commercial conference of American nations at Argentina includes the United States. 256
Apr. 16 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay expresses sympathy for Brazil in severing relations with Germany. 256
Apr. 17 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Quotes proposed Argentine invitation to the nations of America. 257
Apr. 18 From the Guatemalan Minister Offer of support in the war by Guatemala in exchange for assurances against possible consequences. Enclosure: Copy of Foreign Office note to Minister in Guatemala offering cooperation in war. 257
Apr. 18 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Inquiry regarding message of Mar. 16, 6 p.m., on commercial congress. 259
Apr. 18 From the Minister in Nicaragua (tel.) Nicaragua expresses sympathy for the United States in conflict and applauds the President’s magnanimity. 259
Apr. 19 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Suggests that Panaman Minister be given full powers as commissioner to cooperate on war matters. 259
Apr. 20 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Changes in title of congress of American nations to be called by Argentina. 260
Apr. 20 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Inquires U.S. attitude relative to conference of neutral American nations. 260
Apr. 21 To the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) The United States would give to Guatemala full support in action against Germany. 261
123 Apr. 21 To the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Germany’s violations of international law prevent U.S. acceptance of Mexico’s good offices in mediation. 261
124 Apr. 21 To the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Instructions to discuss with Mexico the menace arising from activities of German subjects in Mexico. 262
Apr. 22 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Impossibility of any expression of views by the United States regarding conference of Latin-American nations. 263
Apr. 22 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Press reports that Argentina demands apology and indemnity of Germany for sinking of brigantine. 263
Apr. 22 [Rec’d Apr. 23] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Quotes text of Argentine note of invitation to nations of America for conference to procure mutual understanding on the war. 263
Apr. 20 [Rec’d Apr. 25] From the Guatemalan Minister Guatemala will accept with gratitude U.S. assistance proffered in support of its attitude regarding the war. 264
Apr. 25 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Attempt of Argentina to interpret the meaning of U.S. reply regarding proposed conference of American nations. 264
133 Apr. 25 [Rec’d Apr. 26] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Discussion with Carranza of Latin-American mediation and war situation as affecting Mexican attitude toward the United States. 265
Apr. 21 and 24 Memoranda of the Chief of the Division of Latin-American Affairs of the Department of State Assurances of all proper assistance to Haiti in case of decision to break relations with Germany and declare war. 266
Apr. 26 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Haiti inquires precisely what support the United States would give in event of a declaration of war on Germany. 267
Apr. 27 To the Minister in Haiti (tel.) The United States gives assurance of using every effort to prevent Haiti from suffering injury as result of war with Germany. 268
28517 Op–23 Apr. 27 From the Secretary of the Navy The Navy Department requests to be informed whenever a change of relations between the United States and any foreign government occurs. 268
Apr. 27 From the Guatemalan Minister Presents copies of telegrams to and from the President of Guatemala on severance of relations with Germany and placing of its harbors and railways at disposal of the United States for mutual defense of both countries. 268
70 Apr. 28 To the Guatemalan Minister U.S. appreciation of offer of assistance by Guatemala in war with Germany. 269
Apr. 29 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Proposal that Cuba requisition German vessels and dispose of them to the United States. Suggested method of procedure. 270
Apr. 30 [Rec’d May 1] From the Panaman Minister Authorization of Panaman commission for discussion of war measures for protection of the canal. 271

severance of relations with germany by guatemala, april 27—settlement of the “monte protegido” case between argentina and germany—argentine invitation, may 9, to the latin-american states for a conference; attitude of the united states—severance of relations with germany by honduras, may 17; by nicaragua, may 19

[Page XLIV] [Page XLV] [Page XLVI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 27 [Rec’d May 1] From the Guatemalan Minister Guatemala severs relations with Germany and offers its ports and railways to the United States for use in common defense. 271
72 May 1 To the Guatemalan Minister Assurances of U.S. appreciation and support in action taken for common defense. 272
46 May 1 To the Bolivian Minister U.S. appreciation of Bolivia’s supporting attitude in severing relations with Germany. 273
May 1 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Socialist Party voted against intervention in the war. 273
May 1 From the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Decreed that Brazil comply with neutrality rules of 1914 until further orders to the contrary. 273
May 2 To the Secretary of the Navy No action taken on Costa Rican offer of use of its harbors by the United States, as de facto Government not recognized. 274
May 2 To the Minister in Salvador (tel.): to repeat to Nicaragua, Honduras, and Costa Rica Guatemala’s action in severing relations with Germany and offering support to the United States. 274
May 2 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Reported that Germany has agreed to indemnify Argentina for loss of vessel and will salute Argentine flag. 275
May 3 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Certain opposition to war might be overcome by assurance of Haiti’s admission to peace congress at end of war. 275
May 4 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) War message of Haiti’s President received in National Assembly. 275
May 5 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentina accepts German promise of reparation, ratifying friendly sentiments between the two countries. 275
May 5 To the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Necessity for prompt decision regarding alliance with great powers in war. 276
May 7 From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Assurance of Honduran cooperation in every way possible without violation of treaty of Washington. 276
May 8 From the Venezuelan Minister Presents extract from message of Provisional President of Venezuela to the National Congress declaring policy of neutrality. 277
May 9 [Rec’d May 10] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Requests suggestion regarding reply Panama should make to invitation to congress of American nations. 277
May 10 From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Honduras accepts invitation to Latin-American congress with understanding that support of the United States is contemplated. 278
May 11 From the Minister in Panama, (tel.) Reports reply of Central-American countries to invitation to Latin-American congress. 278
May 10 From the Minister in Nicaragua (tel.) Inquires what points Department wishes embodied in decree concerning Nicaragua’s attitude toward Germany. 278
May 11 To the Minister in Nicaragua (tel.) U.S. desire that Nicaragua take action regarding Germany similar to that taken by Guatemala. 278
May 11 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) President of Haiti authorized to protest against submarine warfare and to sever relations with Germany if there be need. 279
May 12 To the Minister in Honduras (tel.) Congress of neutrals not necessary to represent Latin-American feeling, as many nations have declared their policy. Honduran attitude under scrutiny. 279
May 12 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) The United States desires that Panama refuse to participate in conference. 280
May 14 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Costa Rica accepts invitation to Latin-American conference. 281
May 15 To the Panaman Minister Acknowledgment of note concerning appointment of Panaman commission to discuss protection of Panama and the canal. 281
May 15 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Haitian representative in Berlin instructed to ask for his passports if no satisfactory response received from Germany regarding protest. 281
May 17 From the Argentine Ambassador Presents Argentine message explaining move for congress of American nations and desire to remove any misunderstanding regarding friendly relations with the United States. 282
May 17 From the Venezuelan Minister Presents copy of Venezuelan note to Argentina declining to attend conference. 283
May 17 Memorandum of the Counselor for the Department of State Brazil proposes to support the United States in war in exchange for trade guaranties and agreement regarding protection. 283
May 17 From the Minister in Honduras (tel.) The President of Honduras decrees adherence to the United States, and diplomatic relations with Germany broken. 284
May 18 [Rec’d May 19] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.); Intimation that, if satisfactory cooperation with the United States can be effected, Brazil will revoke neutrality decree. 284
May 22 [Rec’d May 23] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.,), Text of message of President of Brazil to Congress on foreign policy. 285
May 22 [Rec’d May 23] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Quotes Panaman reply to Argentina refusing to attend conference of American nations. 286
May 24 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Cuba will not sell German prize vessels but offers use of them to the United States on any terms desired. 286
May 24 From the Chargé in Costa Rica (tel.) De facto Government of Costa Rica would sever relations with Germany in case of U.S. recognition. 287
1384 May 11 [Rec’d May 25] From the Minister in Panama Reports conference relating to measures for proper defense of Panama and the Canal Zone. 287
May 25 To the diplomatic representatives in Central and South America, except Argentina, Mexico, Panama, Cuba, Brazil, and the Dominican Republic (tel.) Instructions to bring to attention of Governments to which accredited U.S. attitude toward the conference. 289
May 25 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Quotes Nicaragua’s message to Argentina accepting invitation to conference, though adopting policy in accord with that of the United States. 289
May 19 [Rec’d May 26] From the Nicaraguan Chargé Nicaragua severs relations with Germany and offers support to the United States. 289
May 26 [Rec’d May 27] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Quotes text of the Brazilian President’s message to Congress recommending appropriation of German merchant ships in Brazilian ports. 290
May 28 [Rec’d May 29] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazilian Chamber of Deputies passed resolution authorizing withdrawal of decree of neutrality as affecting the United Stated and Germany. 291
May 29 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Foreign Relations Committee of Brazilian Chamber recommends appropriation of German merchant vessels and takes measures for defense of foreign commerce. 291
May 17 [Rec’d May 31] From the Honduran Minister of Foreign Affairs Honduras tenders its cooperation with the United States in every possible Way. 291
June 1 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay declares that the U.S. Fleet would be received as a friend in port of Montevido. 292
36 June 2 To the Nicaraguan Charge Appreciation of Nicaragua’s action in severing relations with Germany and offering Support to the U.S. cause. 292
June 2 From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Haiti declines to be represented at conference. 293

revocation by brazil, june 2, of the decree of neutrality as between the united states and germany seizure of german ships in brazilian ports—severance of relations with germany by haiti, june 17—opening of the ports and Waters of Uruguay to American naval forces

[Page XLVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
June 2 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Bill passed revoking decree of neutrality in war between the United States and Germany and authorizing use of German interned vessels. 293
June 2 From the Minister in Bolivia (tel.) Bolivia declines to participate in conference. 293
June 2 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil unwilling to revoke neutrality decrees affecting Allies until England removes prohibition on Brazilian coffee to Great Britain. U.S. good offices desired. 294
June 3 [Rec’d June 4] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil appropriates German vessels anchored in Brazilian ports. 294
June 4 From the Brazilian Ambassador Unalterable friendship of Brazil for the United States and policy of continental solidarity. 294
June 4 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Quotes President Wilson’s message of appreciation of Brazil’s move. 295
4939 June 6 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to request modification of prohibition on importation of Brazilian coffee. 296
June 9 [Rec’d June 10] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay supports Brazil’s policy on grounds of American solidarity. Suggests that American Fleet in its ports will have good effect. 296
June 11 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Inquires regarding extent of invitation to use Uruguay’s ports. 296
June 11 from the Minister in Paraguay (tel.) Paraguay does not favor convention of neutral American states. 297
June 13 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Peru consents to join conference only on condition that it act under leadership of the United States. 297
6448 June 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British concession to Brazil, in matter of coffee exports, sent to Embassy at Washington. 297
June 14 [Rec’d June 15] From the Chilean Ambassador Presents copy of Chile’s note to Brazil commending action of latter in repealing neutrality decree. 298
June 15 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Arrangements proposed for use by the United States of ex-German vessels. 299
Undated [Rec’d June 15] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Quotes Uruguay’s reply to Brazil’s declaration of neutrality, sympathizing with its aspirations toward continental solidarity. 299
135 June 15 [Rec’d June 16] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Ports and waters of Uruguay open to American naval forces. 300
June 16 To the Brazilian Ambassador Appreciation of friendly cooperation of Brazil in U.S. war policy. 300
June 17 [Rec’d June 18] From the Minister in Haiti (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by Haiti. 301
Undated [Rec’d June 19] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Text of Executive order revoking Uruguay’s neutrality decree. 301
June 20 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Acceptance of Uruguay’s ports for use of U.S. naval vessels. 302
June 20 To the Honduran Minister of Foreign Affairs Honduran offer of cooperation accepted. 302
June 23 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Reports countries which will participate in conference of neutrals. 303
[Page XLVIII]

the sinking of the argentine ship “toro”; adjustment of the case—visit of the american fleet to rio de janeiro, montevideo, and buenos aires—arrangements for cooperation with brazil in patrolling the south atlantic—revocation of brazil’s neutrality with respect to the allied powers, june 28; discussion as to the export of brazilian coffee and the disposition of german ships taken over by brazil—transfer to the united states of the german ships seized by cuba—negotiations between peru and germany concerning the sinking of the “lorton”

[Page XLIX] [Page L]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
June 26 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Sinking of Argentine vessel Toro 303
June 29 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Revocation of Brazil’s neutrality decree with respect to Allied powers. 304
July 1 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Annual message to Congress recites Argentina’s efforts to maintain neutrality and plan for congress of neutrals. 304
July 2 From the British Embassy Proposes to import Brazilian coffee if German requisitioned ships placed at disposal of Great Britain. 304
July 2 To the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Interview with Chilean Ambassador regarding Chile’s war policy. 305
July 3 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Request for outline of plan of congress of neutrals. 305
July 5 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Date and program of conference uncertain. Believed that Argentina’s note to Germany will result in severance of diplomatic relations. 306
July 6 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Inquires if Argentina can assist the United States in its plan of export allotment to the Allies by sending more wheat to France and Great Britain unconditionally. 306
109 July 6 To the Uruguayan Minister Appreciation of action of Uruguay in revoking neutrality decree.
307 July 6 From the Minister in Guatemala (tel.) Should Guatemala take part in conference, it would take no action which is hot in accordance with wishes of the United States. 307
July 9 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Arrangements for remuneration when Cuba turns over ex-German ships to U.S. Shipping Board. 307
July 19 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Colombia and Mexico most active in urging congress of neutrals. 308
July 25 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) German interned ships in Cuba to be turned over to him as agent of Shipping Board. 308
July 29 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes message of President of Peru to Congress, adhering to U.S. policies and commending President Wilson’s ideals. 308
July 31 From the Ambassador in Argentina Argentina will declare war if demands not accepted by Germany. 309
156 July 3 [Rec’d Aug. 1] From the Ambassador in Chile Possibility of Chile’s alignment with Brazil and the United States. 309
Aug. 4 From the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Evidence of change in Chilean neutrality policy. U.S. Fleet would be received as friendly visitor. 310
July 12 [Rec’d Aug. 8] From the Brazilian Minister for Foreign Affairs to the American Ambassador British conditions regarding shipments of coffee to Great Britain unacceptable to Brazil. Patrol of Brazilian coast. 310
Undated [Rec’d Aug. 9] From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Quotes Peruvian Senate resolution of sympathy with President Wilson’s declarations. 311
Aug. 9 From the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Chile wishes to pursue neutral policy until directly wronged. If American Fleet reaches Pacific, would receive it in friendly spirit. 312
Aug. 9 [Rec’d Aug. 10] From the Peruvian Legation Peru’s refusal to submit to prize court question of sinking of bark Lorton by German submarine. 312
971 July 23 [Rec’d Aim. 11] From the Ambassador in Brazil Brazilian Navy will cooperate with U.S. Navy in patrolling South Atlantic. 312
258 July 16 [Rec’d Aug. 13] From the Minister in Uruguay Reception at Montevideo of American squadron of Atlantic Fleet under command of Admiral Caperton. 314
Aug. 13 To the Ambassador in Chile (tel.) Appreciation of Chile’s friendly attitude. Not known when fleet will reach Pacific. 315
Aug. 14 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazilian coast patrol and Allied patrol of high seas. 315
2554 Aug. 18 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Same to Great Britain Uruguay not inclined to give the French and British the freedom of its ports. Instructions to suggest that matter be dropped. 316
Undated [Rec’d Aug. 20] From the Ecuadoran Legation Ecuador accepts invitation to conference; continues neutrality. 317
Aug. 19 [Rec’d Aug. 21] From the British Embassy Great Britain will sanction importation of portion of Brazilian coffee crop into United Kingdom on condition one-half tonnage of German vessels in Brazil be turned over to Allies. 318
Aug. 21 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Four German steamships, prizes of war, transferred to U. S. Shipping Board. 318
Aug. 24 [Rec’d Aug. 25] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) France secures tonnage from Brazilian company; consideration, purchase of coffee. Suggests negotiations with this company. 319
Aug. 29 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) German reply to Argentine demands considered acceptable. 319
Aug. 29 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Proposition to secure interned German vessels from Brazil by cash payment or fair exchange after war. 320
Sept. 3 [Rec’d Sept. 4] From the British Embassy Disposition of German ships taken over by Brazil. 321
Sept. 6 From the Minister in Peru (tel.) Peru’s foreign policy; probable break with Germany over sinking of the Lorton. 321

publication, september 8, of the recommendation by luxburg, german chargé in argentina, that ships be “spurlos versenkt”; handing of passports to luxburg—severance of relations with germany by the tinoco government in costa rica, september 22—negotiations relating to the revocation of uruguay’s neutrality, the conclusion of arbitration treaties between uruguay and the allied powers, and the disposition of german ships in uruguayan ports

[Page LI] [Page LII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Sept. 7 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Quotes three messages from Luxburg, German Chargé in Argentina, to Berlin, dispatched as official messages of Swedish Legation, and recommending drastic treatment of Argentine ships. 322
Sept. 8 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Revocation of Argentine export-prohibition decree urged. Attempted adjustment. 323
Sept. 9 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Conference with President Braz on German ship proposition. 323
Sept. 9 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Publishing of Department’s communiqué on Luxburg’s messages to Berlin. Swedish Minister denies having sent them. 324
Sept. 10 From the Consul General at Lima (tel.) Peru demands of Germany full compensation for sinking of the Lorton. 324
Sept. 11 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Foreign Minister denies any undertakings for limiting of Argentine shipping; awaits official confirmation before taking action on Luxburg messages. 324
Sept. 12 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Reported German Chargé has been given his passports. 325
Sept. 13 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Urges acceptance of U.S. proposal to take over German merchant vessels. 325
Sept. 13 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Report requested on interned German vessels, also on Argentine merchant vessels. 325
Sept. 14 From the Guatemalan Special Mission to the United States Specifies aid needed by Guatemala in order to cooperate with the United States in the war. 326
Sept. 14 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) German ships in port placed under police control. 327
Sept. 16 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentine merchant marine and their whereabouts. 327
Sept. 17 [Rec’d Sept. 18] From the Chargé in Costa Rica (tel.) Move of Costa Rican de facto Government to sever relations with Germany irrespective of recognition. Safe-conduct for German Chargé requested. 328
Sept. 20 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentine Senate voted to break relations with Germany. 328
Sept. 21 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) All cables sent by Swedish Legation transmitted to Argentine Ambassador at Washington. 329
Sept. 21 To the Chargé in Costa Rica (tel.) Safe-conduct will be granted German representative, when requested by neutral state, so far as it concerns U.S. forces. 329
Sept. 22 From the Chargé in Costa Rica (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by the Tinoco government in Costa Rica. 329
Sept. 23 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) German Government disavows Luxburg messages. Argentina undecided regarding future attitude toward Germany. 329
Sept. 25 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Reported House votes rupture of diplomatic relations with Germany. 330
Sept. 25 To the Minister in Salvador (tel.) Inquires meaning of Salvador’s declaration of friendly neutrality toward the United States and Italy. 330
Sept. 26 From the consul General at Lima (tel.) Peru threatens severance of diplomatic relations if the Lorton case not settled. 331
Sept. 27 [Rec’d Sept.28] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Probable Brazil will propose that ex-German ships shall be chartered to the United States, France, and Great Britain for their common interest. 331
Sept. 29 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Suggestion that offer to charter ex-German ships be made first to the United States, in adherence to doctrines of Americanism. 332
Sept. 29 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Details of House vote on severance of relations with Germany. 332
922 Oct. 1 To the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Instructions to make representations to Italy of Uruguay’s desire for arbitration treaties. 333
Oct. 2 [Rec’d Oct. 3] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay will maintain neutrality and join conference of neutrals unless Allies give consideration to its proposals. 334
Oct. 3 [Rec’d Oct. 4] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Believed British acceptance of treaty terms with Uruguay to be effected by transfer of German vessels to U.S. custody. 334
Oct. 3 [Rec’d Oct. 4] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) U.S. and French proposals for extending Brazil’s foreign commerce and assisting the cause of the Allies by employing ex-German vessels. 335
Oct. 4 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Requests permission to suggest that American squadron in Rio de Janeiro be moved temporarily to Montevideo. 336
Oct. 5 To the British, French, and Italian Embassies Tendency toward neutrality in Uruguay fomented by failure of Allies to come to treaty agreement. 336
Oct. 6 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Informed Italy willing to negotiate arbitration treaty with Uruguay. 338

severance of relations with germany by peru, october 6; by uruguay, october 7—revocation by uruguay of decrees of neutrality; second visit of the american squadron to Montevideo—assurances of Salvador as to the use of its ports and waters by the united states

[Page LIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Oct. 6 From the Consul General at Lima (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by Peru. 340
Oct. 7 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by Uruguay. 340
Oct. 8 From the Peruvian Minister Copy of Peru’s telegram of Oct. 6 announcing severance of relations with Germany. 340
Undated [Rec’d Oct. 8] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Quotes Uruguayan decree breaking relations with Germany. 341
36 Oct. 9 From the Ecuadoran Minister Presents Foreign Office note and memorandum of Sept. 11 in which Ecuador favors a congress for promotion of Pan-American understanding. 341
Oct. 10 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Second visit of U.S. squadron to Montevideo. 344
Oct. 12 [Rec’d Oct. 13] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil’s plan for use of ex-German ships. 345
Undated [Rec’d Oct. 16] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Revocation by Uruguay of decrees of neutrality as affecting the Allies. 346
Oct. 15 [Rec’d Oct. 16] From the Brazilian Ambassador Brazilian mission to the United States. 346
Oct 19 [Rec’d Oct. 20] From the Chargé in Colombia (tel.) Colombian protest against submarine warfare. 347
249 Oct. 5 [Rec’d Oct. 20] From the Minister in Salvador Salvador offers the use of its ports and waters to the United States for naval purposes and for armed merchantmen. 347
Oct. 20 From President Viera of Uruguay to President Wilson (tel.) Uruguay’s appreciation of sentiments of solidarity expressed by friendly visit of U.S. squadron. 347
Oct. 20 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) Formalities of law regarding registry of German merchant vessels seized by Cuba and turned over to the United States. 348
Oct. 19 [Rec’d Oct. 20] From the Chargé in Costa Rica, (tel.) Safe-conducts issued for German in Costa Rica representative 348
520 Oct. 20 [Rec’d Oct. 21] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Resolution introduced into Mexican Senate declaring benevolent neutrality toward Entente nations necessary for life of nation. 349
Oct. 22 From President Wilson to President Viera of Uruguay (tel.) U.S. relations with Uruguay may result in greater continental unity of purpose and policy. 349
157 Oct. 23 To the Brazilian Ambassador Every possible facility will be extended to Brazilian commission. 350
Oct. 25 From the British Embassy. Same from Embassy British acceptance in principle of arbitration treaty with Uruguay; proposals for use by the French United States and Allies of German ships in Uruguayan ports. 350
[Page LIV]

declaration of a state of war between brazil and germany, october 26—renewed initiative of argentina for a latin-american congress, october 29—peruvian plan, approved by the united states, to have the congress consider severance of relations with germany—assurances given by the united states to the guatemalan special mission, november 6—charter to france of german ships seized by brazil

[Page LV] [Page LVI] [Page LVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Oct. 25 [Rec’d Oct. 26] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Quotes the Brazilian President’s message to Congress relating to sinking of S.S. Mação and recommending war with Germany. 351
Oct. 26 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) France unwilling to withdraw proposal for acquisition of German ships in Brazil. 352
Oct. 26 [Rec’d Oct. 27] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Quotes Brazilian Senate resolutions declaring war with Germany. 352
Oct. 27 To the Ecuadoran Minister for Foreign Affairs Acknowledges Ecuadoran note of Sept. 11 recommending a continental policy for defense of of American interests. 352
Oct. 27 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Instructions to deny that information published regarding German despatches at Department for decoding came from U.S. Government. 353
Oct. 29 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Inquires the status of negotiations between England, France, and Uruguay regarding acquisition of ex-German ships. 354
Oct. 29 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Quotes Argentine message to Panama setting date for Latin-American congress. 354
Oct. 30 Memorandum of the Chief of the Division of Latin-American Affairs of the Department of State Peru is informed that the United States can express no opinion on matter of proposed American congress. 354
Oct. 30 From President Wilson to President Braz of Brazil (tel.) Brazil’s entrance into war welcomed by the United States and associated nations. 355
Oct. 31 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Salvador accepts and Honduras refuses invitation to conference. 356
Nov. 1 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Nicaragua, with simple acknowledgment, requests program of discussions of conference. 356
Nov. 3 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) The President suggests that the United States stand aside arid let France negotiate for Brazilian ships. 356
Nov. 3 [Rec’d Nov. 4] From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Misunderstanding of U.S. position regarding French arbitration treaty with Uruguay. 356
Nov. 5 From the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Negotiations for agreement regarding use of ex-German ships in Uruguay; U.S. and British proposals. 357
Nov. 6 To the Guatemalan Special Mission to the United States U.S. assurances given the Guatemalan Special Mission. 358
Nov. 7 [Rec’d Nov. 8] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Ratification by National Assembly of all steps of belligerency taken in Panama. 363
Nov. 7 [Rec’d Nov.8] From the Chargé in Paraguay (tel.) Failure of united action by American republics; Paraguay considers that each government should follow own course in dealing with Germany. 363
552 Nov. 8 [Rec’d Nov. 9] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Mexico to be represented at Latin-American conference. 364
Nov. 10 From the Chilean Ambassador Copy of Chilean telegram of Nov. 9 quoting message to Argentina inquiring object of proposed congress. 364
Nov. 10 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Guatemala declines to participate in conference. 364
Nov. 11 [Rec’d Nov. 12] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Certain countries respond to Argentina’s urge for conference. Brazil excluded. 365
355 Nov. 10 [Rec’d Nov.12] From the Venezuelan Minister Presents copy of reply to Argentina in which Venezuela declines to attend conference. 365
Nov. 13 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Not necessary that Panama make formal declaration of war. 366
Nov. 14 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Proposed purchase of Argentine surplus wheat by British and French; U.S. cooperation in plan. 366
Nov. 14 From the; Peruvian Legation Peruvian plan for the congress to consider severance of relations with Germany. 367
Nov. 14 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Argentina proposes a congress of Latin-Americans rather than a congress of neutrals. Brazil and Uruguay have inquired program. 368
Nov. 15 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) The United States could not urge France to sign arbitration treaty with Uruguay more radical than the U.S. treaty. 369
288 Oct. 17 [Rec’d Nov. 17] From the Minister in Uruguay Transmits copy of Uruguayan note announcing revocation of neutrality decree with respect to Allies upon principles of American solidarity. 369
Nov. 17 To the Minister in Salvador (tel.) Inquiry regarding privilege accorded U.S. vessels in Salvador an waters. 370
Nov. 19 Memorandum of the Chief of the Division of Latin-American Affairs of the Department of State Colombia declines to attend the conference of American states. 370
Nov. 21 Memorandum of the Chief of the Division of Latin-American Affairs of the Department of State Discussion of conference with Brazilian Ambassador; advisable to take no further steps until opinion received from Argentina regarding Peruvian plan. 371
Nov. 22 From the Chargé in Salvador (tel.) Salvador concedes to U.S. naval vessels same privileges enjoyed by Salvadoran vessels in its ports. 371
Nov. 22 [Rec’d Nov.23] From the Chargé in Paraguay (tel.) Paraguay’s conditional acceptance of invitation to conference. 372
Nov. 23 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.): to repeat to Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay Peruvian plan for congress approved by the United States. 372
Nov. 23 [Rec’d Nov.24] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil wishes to prevent Latin-American conference or to impose condition that attendance depend upon breaking relations with Germany. 373
1660 Nov. 9 [Rec’d Nov.24] From the Minister in Panama National Assembly approves the President’s steps in proclaiming war with Germany. Bill introduced expanding the President’s power, first submitted to Canal Zone authorities. 374
Nov. 26 Memorandum of the Chief of the Division of Latin-American Affairs of the Department of State Discussion with Peruvian Chargé regarding conference to be called by Argentina. 376
Nov. 28 From the Peruvian Chargé Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Uruguay accept Peruvian plan. 377
Nov. 29 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Charter to France of German ships seized by Brazil. 377
Dec. 1 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Instructions to report whether, under French and Brazilian agreement, any North Atlantic trade is intended. 378
Dec. 1 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) U.S. proposal to Uruguay regarding charter of ex-German vessels. 378
Dec. 1 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Brazil’s request for U.S. naval officers and offer to send squadron to Mediterranean. Ambassador recommends invitation be extended to join American squadron. 379
Dec. 3 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Invitation for Brazilian squadron to join American naval forces; naval officers will be furnished as reo nested. 379
Dec. 3 [Rec’d Dec. 4] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Trade arrangement between France and Brazil will benefit France. No provision for use of ships in North Atlantic. 380
600 Dec. 8 [Rec’d Dec. 4] From the Ambassador in Mexico (tel.) Personnel of Mexican delegation to Buenos Aires conference. 380
449 Dec. 5 To the Minister in Panama Approval of action in submitting the Panaman war measure to Canal Zone authorities. 380
5960 Dec. 5 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from Polk for Colby Suggests representations to France because no provision made to relieve North Atlantic situation in French-Brazilian trade arrangements. 381
Dec. 6 [Rec’d Dec. 7] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Conference with the President on Argentina’s international policy. Invitation to Pan-American conference would be tendered if the United States would accept. 381
Dee. 7 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.). Instructions to deny rumor that the United States and Great Britain approve the Pope’s further mediation in war. 382
Dec. 7 From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Costa Rica declines to take part in conference. 383
Dec. 7 From the Minister in Ecuador (tel.) Ecuador will attend Latin-American congress if all American countries previously reach common agreement. 383
[Page LVIII]

severance of relations with germany by ecuador, december 7—declaration of war on austria-hungary by panama, december 10; by cuba, december 16—further correspondence regarding the disposition of german ships seized by brazil, cuba, and uruguay—further correspondence regarding the proposed congress of american states—convention for the purchase of argentine wheat by great britain and france, signed january 14, 1918

[Page LIX] [Page LX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 8 From the Minister in Ecuador (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by Ecuador. 383
Dec. 10 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Understood that Peru, Bolivia, and Uruguay will not be represented at conference unless called for purpose of breaking relations with Germany. 384
Dec. 11 To the Minister in Uruguay (tel.) Disposition of ex-German ships in Uruguay discussed. Charter to Emergency Fleet Corp. desired by the United States. 384
Dec. 10 [Rec’d Dec. 11] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) At his informal suggestion, National Assembly passed resolution declaring war on Germany. 385
Dec. 13 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Inquires why suggestion that Panama declare war on Austria-Hungary was made without instructions. Wording of decree 385
Dec. 13 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Quotes message to the Treasury from commissioner at Paris that France and Great Britain favor acquiring supplies in Argentina on open market. The United States has like policy. 386
Dec. 14 To the Minister in Cuba (tel.) U.S. proposals for chartering German ships seized by Cuba. 386
1695 Nov. 27 [Rec’d Dec. 15] From the Minister in Panama Panama refuses second invitation to be represented at Latin-American congress. 387
Dec. 15 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Instructions regarding U.S. attitude toward the conference. Stand taken by Latin-American countries. 388
Dec. 15 [Rec’d Dec. 16] From the Chargé in Uruguay (tel.) Uruguay makes arrangements with England and France for use of six German vessels. Others open to bids for charter. 389
Dec. 16 [Rec’d Dec. 17] From the Minister in Panama (tel.) Reasons for suggesting that Panama declare war with Austria-Hungary. Text of decree 389
Dec. 17 From the Minister in Ecuador (tel.) Ecuador offers its waters and wireless stations to friendly war vessels without restriction. 390
Dec. 17 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) The President determined not to break with Germany. Luxburg telegrams said to be work of madman. 391
Dec. 18 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Inquires if vessels not chartered by France are available for charter by the United States through Shipping Board. 391
634 Dec. 19 [Rec’d Dec. 20] From the Chargé in Mexico (tel.) Mexican Senate defeated resolution declaring benevolent neutrality toward Entente nations necessary for life of nation. 392
Dec. 20 To the Minister in Panama (tel.) Approves action in suggesting that Panama declare war with Austria-Hungary. 392
Dec. 20 [Rec’d Dec. 21] From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) France secured best ex-German vessels. Remainder not available or desirable for charter to the United States. 392
Dec. 21 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) More Luxburg telegrams published. Government disavows contents. 392
170 Dec. 21 [Rec’d Dec. 22] From the Cuban Chargé Declaration of war on Austria-Hungary by Cuba. 393
Dec. 22 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Publication of additional Luxburg telegrams had slight effect upon the public. Washington Post editorial resented, paper called “official.” 393
Dec. 24 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Informed that proposed congress of neutrals postponed. Instructions to report. 394
Dec. 24 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Instructions to deny, if advisable, that the Washington Post voices views of the administration. 394
Dec. 28 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) General opinion that Latin-American conference will never take place. 394
Dec. 28 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Text of proposed convention between France, Great Britain, and Argentina for purchase of wheat in exchange for combustibles from the United States. Requests instructions. 395
Dec. 29 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) The United States would allow export of combustibles for Argentine requirements, but considers it inadvisable to make engagement. 397
1061 Nov. 21 [Rec’d Jan. 2, 1918] From the Ambassador in Brazil Great Britain refuses to relax restrictions on coffee from Brazil. Imports confined to necessities. 397
Jan. 2, 1918 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Argentina will accept wheat convention if U.S. position regarding coal stated definitely. Submits statement on subject for approval. 398
Jan. 3, 1918 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Authorization to send to Foreign Minister note regarding coal export as submitted for approval. 398
Jan. 3, 1918 [Rec’d Jan. 4] From the Chargé in Uruguay (tel.) Notification of time when bids for chartering of German vessels may be made. 399
Jan. 14, 1918 [Rec’d Jan. 15] From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Convention for the purchase of Argentine wheat by Great Britain and France signed. 399
Jan. 15, 1918 From the Minister in Cuba (tel.) The President seeking legal way to conform with Shipping Board’s proposals for chartering ex-German vessels. 400

Relations of Asiatic Countries with the United States and with European Belligerent Countries as Affected by the German Submarine. Warfare

china’s approval of the president’s suggestions of december 18, 1916, to belligerent governments—requests for assurances by china in the event of severance of relations with germany; attitude of the united states

[Page LXI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 9, 1917 From the Minister in China (tel.) Quotes Foreign Minister’s approval of President Wilson’s peace note of Dec. 18, 1916. 400
Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Minister in China (tel.) China requests assurances on certain points in event of severing relations with Germany. 401
Feb. 6 From the Minister in China (tel.) China will probably associate itself with American action if certain assurances are given by the United States. 402
Feb. 7 From the Minister in China (tel.) China fearful lest Japan secure mandate to supervise Chinese military organization. Quotes assurances of U.S. assistance, which he proposes to make. 403
Feb. 8 From the Minister in China (tel.) China will voice disapproval of submarine warfare in note to Germany; will sever relations, if the United States gives assurance of support. Instructions requested. 404
1335 Jan. 10 [Rec’d Feb. 8] From the Minister in China Position of China with respect to settlement after the war; representation at peace conference; possible courses of procedure for protection of interests. 404
Feb. 9 [Rec’d Feb. 10] From the Minister in China (tel.) China has protested to Germany against measures of blockade; if protest ineffectual, relations will be severed. 407
Feb. 10 To the Minister in China (tel.) Instructions to give no further assurances of support to China at present; matter under consideration. 408
Feb. 10 To the Minister in China (tel.) Inability to give assurances of support to China. Warning against isolated action. 408
Feb. 12 From the Minister in China (tel.) Will take no action until further instructed. Suggestion that U. S. leadership could prevent unilateral action harmful to China. 408
Feb. 13 From the Japanese Ambassador China is advised by Japan to take attitude similar to that of the United States regarding severance of relations with Germany. 409
Feb. 14 [Rec’d Feb. 15] From the Chargé in Siam (tel.) Quotes reply of Siam to peace note maintaining neutrality until its interests demand action. 410
Feb. 17 To the Minister in China (tel.) China should not do more than break diplomatic relations with Germany until U. S. decision is reached. 410
576 Feb. 26 To the Minister in China The United States not disposed to urge China to declare war on Germany. Recommends awaiting developments. 411
Feb. 28 [Rec’d Mar. 1] From the Minister in China (tel.) Japan bringing strong pressure to bear to force China to join Allies. 412
Mar. 2 To the Minister in China (tel.) Informed of China’s overtures to join Entente powers in return for certain assistance. Instructions to recommend that China wait. 412
Mar. 3 From the Minister in China (tel.) Discussion of China’s alignment with either the United States or the Allies. Latter offer inducements. 413
Mar. 3 From the Minister in China (tel.) China sees advantage in joining Allies. Early determination of attitude by the United States necessary. 413
1390 Feb. 14 [Rec’d Mar. 12] From the Minister in China Résumé of steps taken and argument used in urging China to associate itself with policy and action of the United States. 414
Mar. 12 From the Minister in China (tel.) Parliament votes break in relations with Germany. American International Corp. causes distrust of the United States. 418
Mar. 12 To the Minister in China (tel.) The United States not in position to give practical assurances to China, but will lend influence for its welfare. 419
Mar. 13 To the Minister in China (tel.) Instructions to inform China that declaration of war inadvisable; internal discord deprecated. 419
[Page LXII]

severance of relations with germany by china, march 14—desires expressed by the chinese government; attitude of the united states—declaration of war against germany by siam, july 22; discussion as to the disposition of german ships in siamese ports—declaration of war by china, august 14

[Page LXIII] [Page LXIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Mar. 14 From the Minister in China (tel.) Severance of relations with Germany by China. 420
Mar. 18 From the Minister in China (tel.) Enumeration of China’s desires. Attitude of the United States. 420
41 Mar. 17 [Rec’d Mar. 19] From the Chinese Minister Germany willing to discuss safeguarding lives and property of Chinese but refuses to renounce submarine methods. Relations severed. 422
Mar. 21 To the Minister in China (tel.) U.S. attitude toward China remains unchanged. 422
Mar. 26 To the Minister in China (tel.) China’s desires will receive consideration under certain conditions enumerated. 422
Apr. 3 From the Minister in China (tel.) China wishes to be informed of American action respecting Germany before further decision made as to policy. 423
1407 Mar. 1 [Rec’d Apr. 6] From the Minister in China Japanese pressure, internal politics, Allied financial assurances, and failure of the United States to give assistance, all tend to induce China to join the Allies. 424
Apr. 12 From the Minister in China (tel.) Advantages to be derived from China’s entrance into the war. Inclined to follow American policy. 425
Apr. 14 To the Minister in China (tel.) Possibility of financial assistance to China through congressional appropriation for loans. 427
1412 Mar. 9 [Rec’d Apr. 16] From the Minister in China Events and influences in China prior to break in relations with Germany. 427
Apr. 17 From the Minister in China (tel.) Recommends that indication of financial assistance to China be withheld until methods and conditions decided upon. 430
Apr. 19 To the Minister in China (tel.) U.S. situation regarding financial assistance to China. 431
Apr. 23 From the Minister in China (tel.) Requests to be informed of any statements made to Chinese Minister regarding financial assistance. 431
Apr. 23 To the Minister in China (tel.) Chinese Minister was told that China, if at war with Germany, had reason to expect financial assistance under bill pending in Congress. Text of bill quoted. 431
Apr. 25 From the Minister in China (tel.) Requests that he be informed upon passage of bill for financial assistance, before signature by the President. 432
Apr. 27 From the Minister in China (tel.) China on verge of declaration of war. Inquires if possible to extend financial assistance to equip reserves, etc. 432
Apr. 27 To the Minister in China (tel.) Bill for financial assistance already signed by the President. Action delayed because interpretation must be decided by the Department of Justice. 432
Apr. 28 [Rec’d Apr 29] From the Chargé in Siam (tel.) Quotes Russian appeal to Siam to take action against Germany. 433
1429 Mar. 28 [Rec’d May 1] From the Minister in China Report of situation in China after break in relations with Germany. Enclosure: Consular report from Canton on attitude in southern China. 433
1449 Apr. 13 [Rec’d May 12] From the Minister in China Summary of development of diplomatic situation after protest to Germany. 441
May 12 [Rec’d May 17] From the French Ambassador Efforts to induce the United States to join Allies in urging Siam to break relations with Germany. Advantages of such move. 444
1853 May 19 To the French Ambassador Declines to make further suggestions to Siam concerning relations with Germany. 445
1490 May 10 [Rec’d June 6] From the Minister in China Diplomatic situation and question whether China is to declare war against Germany. Enclosure: Memorandum of conversation with the Premier. 445
June 8 From the Minister in China (tel.) Inquires regarding U.S. cooperation in protection of Mukden Railway zone by foreign troops to exclusion of Chinese troops. 451
June 9 To the Minister in China (tel.) The United States declines to change its attitude toward question of excluding Chinese troops from Tientsin. 452
June 27 From the Chargé in Japan (tel.) Discussions in the Diet on approval of entrance of the United States into the war; retention by Japan of territory taken from Germany. 452
1540 July 22 From the Chargé in Siam (tel.) Siam’s declaration of war against Germany and Austria-Hungary. 453
June 22 [Rec’d July 30] From the Minister in China Criticism of article published in the Saturday Evening Post on action taken by China against Germany. 453
July 31 To the Chargé in Siam (tel.) Instructions to expedite the deal of American International Corp. to purchase from Siam the seized German steamers. 454
Aug. 7 From the Charge in Siam (tel.) Siam will accept final decision of Allies for disposition of seized German steamers. 454
Aug. 9 [Rec’d Aug. 11] From the Minister in China (tel.) Suggests mission to China to forestall action adverse to Chinese independence and American interests. 454
Aug. 11 [Rec’d Aug.12] From the Minister in China (tel.) Suggested mission would accord with expectations of China to complete invitation to sever relations with Germany. 455
Aug. 12 [Rec’d Aug. 13] From the Minister in China (tel.) Assurances of Allies in connection with impending declaration of war by China. Instructions requested. 455
Aug. 13 To the Minister in China (tel.) Character of China’s participation in war should be decided after consultation with Allies. 455
Aug. 14 To the Minister in China (tel.) Authorization to otter to China, after declaration of war is made, assurances similar to those proposed by the Allies. 456
Aug. 14 [Rec’d Aug.15] From the Minister in China (tel.) Quotes Chinese note announcing declaration of war with Germany and Austria-Hungary. 456
1637 Sept. 27 [Rec’d Oct.22] From the Minister in China Efforts to secure Allied assurance of cooperation in maintaining Chinese sovereignty. 457

Relations of Liberia with the United States and with European Belligerents as Affected by the German Submarine Warfare and by British and French Commercial Restrictions

liberian request for protection against the dangers resulting from a breach with germany—visit of a british warship to Monrovia—severance of relations with germany, may 8—british and french demand for the expulsion of germans; american demand for the removal of allied trade restrictions—receipt of satisfactory assurances from the british and french governments—project of a convention with liberia

[Page LXV] [Page LXVI] [Page LXVII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 6 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Liberia, ready to break relations with Germany, offers the United States facilities for naval and military operations, relying upon latter for protection. 458
Apr. 4 [Rec’d Apr. 5] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Liberian request for protection against dangers resulting from a breach with Germany. 459
4726 Apr. 19 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to France Advisable for Liberia to sever relations with Germany if Great Britain and France will give temporary protection. 459
Apr. 20 [Rec’d Apr. 21] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Liberia advised against making public its change of policy until protection secured against German attack. 460
6077 Apr. 24 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British proposal that Allied representatives advise Liberian break with Germany and give assurance of necessary protection. 460
4772 Apr. 30 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) When adequate protection has been given Liberia, the United States will advise break with Germany. 461
May 3 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Instructions to advise Liberian break with Germany when Great Britain and France have furnished protection requested. 461
May 6 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Arrival of British war vessel at Monrovia. 461
May 7 [Rec’d May 8] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Agreed that, following severance of relations with Germany, all Germans should leave Liberia. Inquires regarding arrangements for departure. 461
May 9 [Rec’d May 10] From the Siberian Consul General at Baltimore Announcement or Liberia’s severance of relations with Germany. 462
4814 May 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) American request for removal of Allied trade restrictions in Liberia. 462
May 11 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Instructions will be sent after conclusion of consultation with British Government. 463
6208 May 14 [Rec’d May 15] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Outlines conditions under which normal trade will be resumed between Great Britain and Liberia as soon as Germans are deported. 463
6219 May 15 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Liberia desires immediate deportation of Germans. 463
May 15 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) General Receiver of Customs voices disapproval of Liberia’s severance of relations with Germany without guaranty of future protection. 464
4843 May 16 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to request removal of Allied trade restrictions against Liberia. 464
May 16 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Instructions to suggest that Liberia take no further action againt Germany until advised by the United States. Trade guaranties requested of Great Britain. 464
May 17 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Citizens of Liberia endorse Government’s action concerning Germany and express confidence in the United States. 465
4877 May 25 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Liberia’s declaration of war and deportation of Germans should be conditional upon removal of trade restrictions. 465
6299 May 28 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British measures not intended to restrict legitimate Liberian trade but for circumscribing German activities. 466
5452 May 15 [Rec’d May 31] From the Ambassador in France Transmits French note on deportation of Germans and resumption of trade with Liberia. 466
June 2 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Arrival of British war vessel. Delay in program of deporting Germans, furthering German intrigue to divide Cabinet. 467
June 2 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Pending negotiations regarding resumption of trade, Liberia not advised to declare war or to remove Germans. Inquiry regarding action of German Receiver in Monrovia. 468
4918 June 4 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Maintains that retention of published white list and certificates of interest not needed after removal of Germans from Liberia. 468
June 7 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) French and British proposal for deporting Germans; Liberian reply making certain conditions, relying on U.S. advice. 469
June 11 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Quotes British memorandum stating conditions under which Liberian trade restrictions will be removed. Inquires attitude of Liberia. 469
June 15 [Rec’d June 16] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Outlines steps Liberia is prepared to take in compliance with British terms in order that trade restrictions may be removed. 470
June 30 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Proclamation of the President of Liberia regarding German property and deportations. 470
July 1 [Rec’d July 2] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Liberia will fix time for German deportation as soon as assurances of protection given. 471
July 6 [Rec’d July 7] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) German protest to Liberia against deportation or internment of German subjects. 471
99 May 18 [Rec’d July 7] From the Minister in Liberia Transmits copy of Liberian note severing relations with Germany. 472
July 11 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Great Britain requires Liberia to fix date for deportation of Germans. 473
July 13 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Suggestion that Liberia defer deportation action awaiting British reply regarding guaranties to Liberia. 474
July 13 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Great Britain and France advise declaration of war by Liberia, guaranteeing protection and removal of trade restrictions. U.S. advice desired. 474
July 14 [Rec’d July 18] From the British Embassy British withdrawal of restrictions on Liberian trade and protection against German aggression promised, provided Germans are deported and German firms closed. 474
July 18 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) U.S. advice that Liberia sever relations with Germany and deport Germans. 475
July 23 [Rec’d July 24] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Draft convention between Liberia, France, and Great Britain submitted with request for instructions regarding signing. 475
July 24 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Inquires if the United States should merely acquiesce in convention by signature in postscript rather than as signatory 476
July 28 To the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Disapproves of Liberian convention with Great Britain and France unless limited to duration of the war. 476

liberia’s declaration of war against germany, august 4—deportation of germans

[Page LXVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Aug. 5 [Rec’d Aug. 6] From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) Declaration of war against Germany and deportation of Germans. 477
Aug. 11 [Rec’d Aug. 14] From the French Ambassador Approval of Liberian arrangements for deporting German officials, women, and children. 478
1923 Aug. 17 To the French Ambassador No objection to Liberian plan for deporting German officials, women, and children. 478
Aug. 28 [Rec’d Aug. 29] From the Liberian Consul General at Baltimore Résumé of negotiations leading up to Liberia’s declaration of war with Germany. Quotes Department’s letter informing him of British assurance of protection and U.S. approval of action taken. 479
Aug. 30 To the Liberian Consul General at Baltimore Acknowledges receipt of communication regarding severance of relations between Liberia, and Germany. 484
122 Aug. 10 [Rec’d Sept. 14] From the Minister in Liberia Convention between Liberia, Great Britain, and France not consummated. 485
124 Aug. 11 [Rec’d Sept. 14] From the Minister in Liberia Transmits copy of Liberian reply to German protest against deportation of Germans resident in Liberia, sent through the Spanish Consul. 486
128 Aug. 14 [Rec’d Sept. 14] From the Minister in Liberia Transmits copy of French and British joint note, with U.S. acquiescence, guaranteeing to Liberia lifting of trade restrictions and granting protection, Liberian reply enclosed. 489
Oct. 12 From the Minister in Liberia (tel.) German women and German Receiver in Liberia embarked on Spanish vessel for Germany. 491

British Proclamations and Orders in Council Affecting Neutral Trade—The Detention of Neutral Ships

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 1 From the Consul General at London (tel.); the same from Paris Additional list of absolute contraband announced. 492
Jan. 13 From the Consul General at London Quotes text of amendment to order in council of Mar. 11, 1915, interpreting the term “enemy.” 492
Feb. 22 From the Consul General at London (tel.) Quotes order of Feb. 16, 1917, supplemental to orders in council of Mar. 11, 1915, and Jan. 10, 1917, for restricting enemy commerce. 493
5822 Feb. 16 [Rec’d Mar. 1] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Transmits report drawn up by committee on administration of order in council of March, 1915, regarding methods used in dealing with ships and cargoes brought into British ports. 494
Apr. 11 [Rec’d Apr. 26] From the Consul General at London Report on shipping detentions at Kirkwall showing decrease in number of arrivals due to submarine peril. 504

British Control of Neutral Shipping through Bunkering Agreements and Black List of Neutral Ships

[Page LXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4224 Dec. 28, 1916 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to report on British attempt to control neutral shipping through bunker agreements. 505
4232 Dec. 29, 1916 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Representations to Great Britain regarding blacklisting of S.S. Balboa. 505
5404 Jan. 2, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 3] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Unofficial reply to complaint against blacklisting of ships. Measures meant to discourage European neutral ships from deserting European waters. 506
5488 Jan. 17 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The Balboa removed from black list. 507
5500 Jan. 19 [Rec’d Jan. 20] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Requirement that shipowner not surrender control of ship to third party without British consent. 507
4364 Jan. 30 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Entente supervision of neutral shipping reported. Instructions to investigate effect on American shipping and freight rates. 508
5577 Feb. 2 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Reports Entente committee’s measures for control of neutral shipping and their probable effect. 508

Arrangements with Great Britain for the Importation of Goods of German Origin Detained in the Netherlands

[Page LXX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4400 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Renewal of application for permit to ship American-owned goods held in Rotterdam. 509
4566 Mar. 20 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Further representations and suggestions regarding detention of merchandise of American destination. 509
5901 Mar. 7 [Rec’d Mar.26] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Transmits British note requesting exact statement of points the United States wishes covered in British ruling on goods at Rotterdam. 510
4753 Apr. 25 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Adequate information has been given in proposal for release of German and Austrian goods in neutral ports. 512
6260 May 21 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instance cited where American merchants continue to order goods from Germany. Caution necessary. 512
146 May 21 [Rec’d May 23] From the British Ambassador Renewal of permits which had lapsed through delay caused by lack of shipping space. 512
979 June 11 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Preferential shipments go forward. Suggests that Department press immediately for shipping permits. 513
1019 June 27 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Reports disposition of certain goods stored in Rotterdam and apparent oversight in dealing with other shipments. 513
5169 July 18 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Substitute proposal for release of all goods in neutral ports. 514
6917 Aug. 10 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British Government will consider proposal for release of German goods if paid for and if list of goods is furnished. 515
Sept. 26 From the Counselor for the Department of State to the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy List forwarded descriptive of goods actually in neutral ports and paid for prior to Apr. 7, 1917, with recommendation for release. Other cases reserved for consideration. 515
Oct. 29 [Rec’d Oct. 30] From the Commercial Adviser of the British Embassy to the Counselor for the Department of State British authorization for release of goods of German origin as recommended by the U.S. Government. 517

British Declaration of a “Dangerous Area” in the North Sea—Protest by the United States, February 19

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
5544 Jan. 25 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British notice delimiting an area in the North Sea as dangerous to shipping. 518
5701 Feb. 15 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes revised British notice delimiting an area in the North Sea as dangerous to shipping. 518
1485 Feb. 19 To the British Ambassador Protest against delimiting of certain areas of high seas for military operations; reservation of rights. 519
5876 Mar. 23 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note giving directions for further delimitation of North Sea as dangerous area. 520

Interference with the Mails by Belligerent Governments

[Page LXXI]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1894 Feb. 28 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) France willing to expedite dispatch of pouches marked “Shipping Documents” if the United States gives assurance that they contain only such papers. 520
1572 Mar. 7 To the Ambassador in France Quotes inquiries received at U.S. Post Office regarding detention of mail for neutral countries. 521
4526 Mar. 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); the same to France Inquiry regarding interference with commercial mail for Greece. 521
2064 Mar. 12 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Unable to give guaranties for contents of pouches marked “Shipping Documents.” 521
1967 Mar. 30 [Rec’d Mar.31] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Explanation offered for nondelivery of U. S. commercial letters for Greece. 522
4916 Apr. 6 To the Ambassador in Great Britain Inquiry regarding intended disposition by British authorities of detained securities sent to persons in Germany, Austria, and neutral countries. 522
6065 Apr. 23 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) U.S. mail for Greek blockaded areas has been sent to London Post Office. Letter-mail service with Greece soon to be resumed. 523
5477 May 23 [Rec’d June 8] From the Ambassador in France Disposition of mail matter detained in France. 524
5527 June 8 [Rec’d June 20] From the Ambassador in France French notification that correspondence marked “Shipping Documents” shall be examined and dispatched to destination. 524
6435 June 20 [Rec’d July 6] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Transmits British note regarding disposition of remittances found in detained mail. 525

The Removal by British Naval Authorities of Enemy Reservists from American Ships on the High Seas

[Page LXXII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4417 Feb. 8 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquires if time opportune for proposal of arbitration in the Ausable case. 526
4476 Feb. 23 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Desires intimation regarding British attitude before making arbitration proposal in the Ausable case. 526
5761 Feb. 26 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British Government contends that German reservist is part of armed forces of enemy and different from reservist of any other army. 527
4485 Feb. 28 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Requests views on advisability of presenting arbitration proposal now. 527
5793 Mar. 5 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Suggests postponement or arbitration proposal in Ausable case until British note is received. 528
4747 Apr. 23 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Continuance of British practice of removing enemy reservists from U.S. ships contingent upon mutual agreement for reciprocal action. Case of the Allaguash. 528
6318 May 31 from the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British Government is willing that the United States remove enemy subjects from British ships. 529
6338 June 1 [Rec’d June 12] From the Ambassador in Great Britain Transmits British note in justification of policy of removing enemy subjects from neutral vessels without detaining vessel for adjudication by prize court. 529

PART III: NEUTRAL DUTIES

The Prevention of Recruiting within the United States: The Case of Addis and Blair

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
43 Feb. 15 From the British Ambassador Representations regarding delay in trial of British subjects indicted for recruiting within the United States in alleged violation of neutrality act. 535
4917 Apr. 6 To the British Ambassador Reply of Attorney General to British Ambassador’s complaint against delay in trial of British subjects for recruiting within the United States. 536
325 Sept. 26 From the British Ambassador Forwards applications for Executive clemency made by Addis and Blair, convicted for infraction of U.S. neutrality laws. 536
Nov. 27 To the British Ambassador Sends warrants of pardon for Addis and Blair from the Attorney General. 538
607 Dec. 14 From the British Ambassador Defense of action of Addis and Blair; criticism of U.S. neutrality laws. 539
1947 Dec. 28 To the British Ambassador Suggestions regarding U.S. neutrality laws will be referred to Attorney General for consideration. 541

Treatment of Armed Merchant Ships in Neutral Ports—Attitude of European Neutral Countries toward American Armed Merchant Ships

[Page LXXIII] [Page LXXIV] [Page LXXV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Dec. 21, 1916 From the Secretary of the Treasury Suggests that special authorization from Washington for clearance of vessels be dispensed with, except under unusual circumstances. 541
1902 Dec. 27, 1916 To the Ambassador in France (tel.) Inquiry regarding reports that commissions in the Navy are being issued to commanders of French Line vessels. 542
4216 Dec. 27, 1916 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquiry regarding reported transfer of western terminus for British steamships, nationalization of merchant vessels, and their protection by disguised cruisers. 543
Jan.3, 1917 To the Secretary of the Treasury Case of the French S.S. L’ Erdre. Question whether naval men in the pay of their governments form part of complement of merchant vessels. 543
1785 Jan. 4 [Rec’d Jan. 5] From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Commissions in the Navy have not been issued to merchant marine officers. 544
Jan. 6 To the French Ambassador Questions the purpose of armament on merchant vessels. Case of the French S.S. Mississippi. 544
Jan. 9 To the Secretary of the Treasury There will be no modification of regulations regarding clearance of armed merchant vessels. 545
5568 Jan. 5 [Rec’d Jan. 15] From the Ambassador in Great Britain British need for further protection of merchant vessels and uncertainty regarding American attitude thereto. 546
Feb. 19 From the Secretary of the Treasury Forwards letter from collector of customs at Norfolk on sinking of submarine by British S.S. Oxonian. Requests advice relative to clearance. 548
Feb. 19 To the Secretary of the Treasury Authorizes the clearance of the Oxonian on assurance from the British Consul that its armament is for defense only. 549
Feb. 19 From the British Ambassador Certifies to sworn statement made by master of British S.S. Oxonian that gun used only in self-defense. 550
Feb. 20 To the Secretary of the Treasury British S.S. Missouri. Collector should require consul to file assurance in each instance before granting clearance to a vessel carrying armament. 550
268 Mar. 3 To the Minister in Denmark (tel.); the same to Spain, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands Instructions to report whether Government to which he is accredited prohibits entrance and departure of merchant vessels armed for defensive purposes. 550
388 Mar. 4 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) No restrictions on armed merchant vessels in Spanish ports. 551
132 Mar. 6 From the Minister in Norway (tel.) Armed merchant vessels subject to examination by naval authorities in Norwegian ports. 551
208 Mar. 6 From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Government’s attitude undetermined regarding port restrictions on defensively armed merchant ships. 551
Mar. 6 To the Secretary of the Treasury Collectors should report on use made of armament on merchant vessels if for purposes other than practice. 551
758 Mar. 10 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Armed merchantmen of belligerents not permitted to enter Dutch waters. No decision regarding armed neutral vessels. 552
Mar. 12 To the Secretary of the Treasury Plan to obviate delay at certain ports, caused by requirement for special authorization for clearance of armed merchant vessels. 552
438 Mar. 13 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Inquires attitude of Government regarding entrance into Dutch ports of U.S. vessels armed for self-defense. 553
Mar. 16 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to Spain, Norway, and Swed en Will distinction be drawn between treatment of merchant vessels privately armed and those on which armed guards are placed by the U.S. Government? 553
231 Mar. 17 [Rec’d Mar. 18] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Armed British merchant vessels permitted in Norwegian ports. 554
423 Mar. 18 [Rec’d Mar. 19] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Merchant vessels armed for defense permitted in Spanish ports without distinction as to neutral or belligerent owner-ship. 554
246 Mar. 21 [Rec’d Mar.22] From the Minister in Sweden (tel.) Verbal permission to admit armed U.S. merchant vessels to Swedish ports. No definite regulations. 554
798 Mar. 23 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Quotes foreign Office note refusing to permit entrance into Dutch ports of war vessels or armed merchant vessels according to royal decree. 555
Mar. 24 [Rec’d Mar.25] From the Minister in Denmark (tel.) Denmark wishes to preserve its neutrality. Neither British nor French armed vessels have entered its ports. 556
462 Mar. 31 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Inquires if armed neutral vessels may enter Dutch ports as ships of commerce. 556
18 Mar. 31 To the Panaman Minister Reply to inquiry whether Italian armed merchant vessels are admitted to U.S. ports. 556
166 Apr. 28 From the Minister in Norway (tel.) Quotes Norway as reserving to itself right to decide in each case when belligerent armed merchant vessels may enter its ports. 557
338 Oct. 10 [Rec’d Oct. 11] From the Minister in Norway (tel.) Transmits Norwegian note verbale regarding civilian character of gun crews of merchant vessels. 557

Treatment of German Merchant Ships in American Ports Prior to the Declaration of a State of War

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 10 To the Governor of the Hawaiian Islands (tel.) Inquiry regarding reported seizure of German refugee boats in Hawaiian waters. 558
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 12] From the Governor of the Hawaiian Islands (tel.) German ships placed under guard, crews interned, and vessels cleaned. 558
Feb. 12 To the Governor of the Hawaiian Islands (tel.) Advises against seizure of German vessels and internment of crews; action should be limited to legal procedure for violation of law. 559
Undated [Rec’d Feb. 13] From the Governor of the Hawaiian Islands (tel.) Compliance with U.S. policy regarding war-bound vessels; transactions reported to the departments concerned. 559
Feb. 15 From the Attorney General Instructions sent to U.S. attorneys at various points regarding measures to be taken against crews of German and Austrian ships. 560
Feb. 16 From the Secretary of War Forwards correspondence with Governor General of Philippine Islands regarding treatment of German vessels and their crews. 562
Feb. 21 From the Swiss Minister Attention called to seizure of German merchant ships at Honolulu, Manila, and Colon, and looting by Government guards. 563
403 Mar. 10 To the Swiss Minister Reply to charge of looting of German vessels by Government guards in ports of Honolulu, Manila, and Colon. 564
Mar. 14 To the secretary of the Interior Compliance with Spanish Consul’s request that no American may board German steamer at Honolulu without giving notice to Spanish Consulate. 565
Mar. 29 From the Assistant Secretary of State to the Secretary of the Swiss Legation German refugee merchant vessels at Honolulu now under their German crews, subject to supervision by U.S. customs officials. 565
[Page LXXVI]

Precautions against the Supplying to Belligerent Warships of Information Regarding the Sailing of Merchant Ships

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 10 From the Assistant Secretary of State to the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury British and French request that publication of manifests of ships’ sailings be discontinued. 566
Feb. 12 [Rec’d Feb. 13] From the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury to the Assistant Secretary of State Practice of publishing manifests of particular vessels will be discontinued; total export figures only will be given. 566
Feb. 14 [Rec’d Feb. 16] From the Secretary of Agriculture Temporary suspension of information service relative to publication of arrival and departure of vessels. 567
Mar. 23 From the British Chargé British request that publication of information regarding sailings of Allied vessels from U.S. ports be withheld until seven days after departure. 567
Mar. 24 From the Counselor for the Department of State to the French Ambassador Treasury instructions issued to omit name of port of destination from export declarations if country of destination is given. 568
Mar. 29 To the Secretary of Agriculture Withholding publication by Weather Bureau and leading newspapers of information regarding sailings of vessels. 568
Apr. 24 To the British Embassy Compliance with request that publication of information regarding sailings of Allied vessels be withheld. Precautions in Canal Zone. 569

PART IV: OTHER PROBLEMS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Regulations Regarding Passports and the Expatriation of Naturalized Citizens

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
2519A Jan. 24 Executive order Text of amendments to rules governing the granting and issuing of passports in the United States. 573
507 Feb. 28 To all diplomatic representatives and consular officers (including consular agents) Instructions amplifying the rules regarding proposed return to the United States of naturalized citizens against whom the presumption of expatriation has arisen. 576
[Page LXXVII]

Conviction of the German Consuls Bopp and Schack for Violations of American Laws; Revocation of Their Exequaturs; Their Internment as Enemy Aliens

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Jan. 11 From the Assistant Attorney General to the Counselor for the Department of State Conviction of the German consular officers, Bopp and Schack, and three others for violation of American neutrality laws. 579
B 475 Jan. 12 [Rec’d Jan. 13] from the German Ambassador Requests authorization to appoint certain German consular officers to take the place of Bopp and Schack. 580
2291 Jan. 22 lo the German Ambassador Revocation of exequatur of Consul General Bopp. 580
2292 Jan. 22 To the German Ambassador Provisional recognition accorded new assignments of German consular officers at San Francisco and Seattle. 581
I 3 Feb. 28 [Rec’d Mar. 1] From the Swiss Minister German proposal that court proceedings be deferred in case of Bopp and Schack: until after reestablishment of diplomatic relations. 581
396 Mar. 3 To the Swiss Minister Refusal to free Bopp and Schack; representations made regarding assumption that U.S. courts would experience difficulty in affording them fair trial. 583
XI 20 Oct. 17 From the Swiss Minister German offer of bail for release of Bopp and Schack pending trial. Status of trial reouested. 584
Oct. 25 From the Attorney General; copy transmitted to the Swiss Legation History of indictment and trial of Bopp and Schack. Bail refused. 584

The Return of Diplomatic Officers from Their Posts upon the Severance of Relations between Their Countries

return of the american ambassador from germany

[Page LXXVIII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
3860 Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Instructions to leave Germany. Directions regarding arrangements to be made. Passports to be handed German Ambassador. 585
5002 Feb. 5 [Rec’d Feb. 6] From the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Not permitted to leave Germany until news received of departure of Bernstorff and staff from the United States. Yarrowdale prisoners held as reprisal measure. 587
222 Feb. 6 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.): for Berlin Complete arrangements made for departure of German diplomatic and consular staffs. Protective measures taken only against German interned vessels. 587
515 Feb. 12 [Rec’d Feb. 13] From the Ambassador formerly in Germany (tel.) Arrives at Berne. Quotes proposed agreement between the United States and Germany for reciprocal treatment of citizens and private property. Advises not to sign. 588
285 Feb. 26 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain is requested to notify Germany of sailing date of former Ambassador Gerard. 591

return of the german ambassador from the united states

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
213 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.): for Berlin Arrangements made for protection of German representatives en route to Germany. 591
4396 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) the same to France Requests safe-conduct and facilitties for German representatives and families leaving the United States. 592
4410 Feb. 7 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); the same to France Requests safe-conduct for German party to sail on the Frederik VIII. Inquires if vessel may carry other passengers and cargo. 592
1854 Feb. 7 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Safe-conduct accorded German Ambassador and party. 592
4418 Feb. 8 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to inform Foreign Office that it will be appreciated if examination of vessel conveying German party is conducted at Halifax. 593
5643 Feb. 8 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes British note consenting to examination at Halifax of ship carrying German party, in deference to U.S. wishes. 593
5645 Feb. 9. From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The right of search is reserved; no objection to steamer with German party aboard carrying other passengers and cargo. 593
1862 Feb. 9 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) No objection to other German passengers embarking on the Frederik VIII with German official party. 594
460 Apr. 30 To the Swiss Minister Regarding treatment of German Ambassador and party at Halifax, complaint should be made to Great Britain and France. 594
[Page LXXIX]

return of the austro-hungarian ambassador designate from the united states

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 9 From the Austro-Hungarian Chargé Relations between the United States and Austria-Hungary severed. Guaranty for safe return of personnel of Embassy and consulates requested. 594
Apr. 9 To the Austro-Hungarian Chargé Passports for Austro-Hungarian official party granted. 595
4667 Apr. 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); mutatis mutandis, to France British cooperation requested to facilitate departure from the United States of Austro-Hungarian Embassy and consular officers together with German officials from China. 595
1829 Apr. 11 [Rec’d Apr. 13] From the Chargé in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austro-Hungarian request for protective measures for officials departing from the United States. Embassy’s reply. 596
1541 Apr. 19 To the British Ambassador Requests consideration be shown Austro-Hungarian Embassy staff on departure, and presents inquiry relative to restrictions on personal effects. 596
2031 Apr. 20 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) French safe-conduct granted steamer carrying Austro-Hungarian staff and German consuls from China. 597
May 7 [Rec’d May 9] From the Swedish Minister Conveys thanks of Austro-Hungarian Ambassador designate for courtesies and facilities accorded him and party by American authorities. 598

return of the american ambassador from turkey

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
912 Apr. 23 [Rec’d June 20] From the Chargé in Turkey Plans for departure of Embassy staff. Enclosures: Turkish notes (1) announcing severance of relations; (2) inviting departure of U.S.S. Scorpion from Turkish port. 598
June 10 [Rec’d June 28] From the Ambassador formerly in Turkey reports details of severance of relations with Turkey and departure of Embassy staff. 604

return of german diplomatic and consular officers from brazil, Bolivia, and siam

[Page LXXX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 12 From the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Foreign Minister requests that voyage of German official party leaving Brazil be unimpeded. 606
Apr. 14 To the Chargé in Brazil (tel.) Instructions issued against molestation of former German Minister to Brazil and party on voyage. 607
June 1 From the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) British safe-conduct granted German Minister to Brazil to proceed to Germany. Inquiry regarding U.S. safe-conduct to New York. 607
June 2 To the Ambassador in Argentina (tel.) Authorization to issue safe-conduct to former German Minister. Right of search reserved. 607
June 5 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Inquiry regarding safe-conducts for other members of German Embassy party and for German Minister formerly in Bolivia. 608
June 6 To the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Authorizes granting of safe-conduct to members of German party not already taken care of and to German Minister formerly in Bolivia. Why will Frisia stop at New York? 608
June 12 From the Ambassador in Brazil (tel.) Reports sailing of Frisia with German Minister and official Brazil (tel.) party; will touch at New York to discharge passengers and cargo. 609
Aug. 5 [Rec’d Aug. 6] From the chargé in Siam (tel.) Siam requests permission for German and Austrian Chargés to pass through Panama Canal in returning to Europe. 609
Aug. 8 To the Chargé in Siam (tel.) Refuses permission for German and Austrian Chargés to travel through Panama Canal. 610

Representation of Governments in Countries with Which They Have Severed Relations; Protection of Their Interests and Nationals

representation of the united states in germany by spain

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
209 Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Requests representation of U.S. interests in Germany by Spain. 610
327 Feb. 4 [Rec’d Feb. 5] From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain accedes to request to represent U.S. interests in Germany. 610
215 Feb. 5 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) The United States, desires to intrust its interests in Germany to officers of Spanish birth. 610
350 Feb. 13 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Reports Spanish Ambassador, Berlin, in charge of American interests. 611
403 Mar. 10 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Compliance with request for Spanish personnel in caring for U.S. interests. 611
[Page LXXXI]

representation of germany in the united states and the philippines by switzerland; in hawaii, porto rico, and the Panama canal zone by spanish consuls

[Page LXXXII]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Swiss Minister Notification that German interests in the United States and the Philippines are in the charge of Swiss representatives. 612
342 Feb. 9 To the Swiss Minister No objection to German interests being represented by Switzerland. 612
Feb. 20 From the Spanish Ambassador Spanish consuls at Honolulu and in Porto Rico intrusted with protection of German interests. 613
Apr. 6 From the Swiss Minister Denmark offers to protect German archives in Danish West Indies, recently ceded to the United States. 613
June 20 Memorandum of the Acting Chief of the Division of Western European Affairs of the Department of State Swiss Legation notified that all Germans attached to Legation or consulates must depart or resign. 613
1026 June 30 [Rec’d July 1] From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Germany will withdraw permission for Americans to work at Spanish Embassy, Berlin, if German employees at Swiss Legation, Washington, dismissed. 614
585 July 3 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) No alternative but to request Swiss Legation at Washington to dismiss former German Embassy employees. 614
I b 15 Oct. 30 From the Swiss Minister Swiss Consulate at San Francisco temporarily in charge of German interests in Hawaiian Islands. 614
IV 14 Oct. 31 From the Swiss Minister Swiss Consul requests authorization to administer German affairs without license under Trading with the Enemy Act. 615
Nov. 27 To the War Trade Board Steps to be taken to prevent interference (under Trading with the Enemy Act) with Swiss Consulate in administration of German affairs. 615
IV 14 Dec. 4 [Rec’d Dec. 6] From the Swiss Minister Premises formerly occupied by German Consulate leased in name of Swiss Consul. Appreciation of Department’s action in matter. 616
L d 7 Apr. 25, 1918 [Rec’d Apr.27] From the Swiss Minister Spanish Vice Consul at Panama to assume protection of German interests in Canal Zone, subject to approval of powers concerned. 617
Aug. 24, 1918 To the Swiss Chargé Agrees to proposal that Spanish Vice Consul at Panama assume protection of German interests in Canal Zone. 617

representation of the united states in austria-hungary by spain

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
210 Feb. 4 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Inquires if Spain will take over U.S. interests in Austria-Hungary in event of severance of relations. 618
328 Feb. 5 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spain will assume chargé of American interests in Austria-Hungary in event of severance of relations. 618
1646 Apr. 9 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Austro-Hungarian Charge has requested passports. Instructions for transfer of U.S. and Allied interests to neutral governments. 618
396 Apr. 9 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Instructions to inform Foreign Office that U.S. interests turned over to Spanish Ambassador in Vienna. 619
469 Apr. 11 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) Spanish Embassy, Vienna, has taken charge of American interests in Austria-Hungary. Similar instructions given regarding British and Japanese interests. 619

representation of Austria-hungary in the united states by sweden, in the philippines by switzerland

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 10 From the Swedish Minister Announces that he has assumed charge of Austro-Hungarian interests in the United States. 619
Apr. 23 To the Swedish Minister Acknowledges receipt of notice that he has assumed charge of Austro-Hungarian interests in the United States. 619
May 26 From the Spanish Ambassador Spanish Consul at Honolulu will take charge of Austro-Hungarian interests in the Hawaiian Islands. 620
1 b 13 June 4 [Rec’d: June 5] From the Swiss Minister Representation of Austria-Hungary in the Philippines by Switzerland. 620
Oct. 29 [Rec’d Oct. 31] From the Swedish Minister Representation of Austria-Hungary in Hawaiian Islands transferred to Swedish Consulate at San Francisco. 620
[Page LXXXIII]

representation of turkey in the united states by spain

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Apr. 27 From the Spanish Ambassador Representation of Turkey in the United States by Spain. 621
May 1 To the Spanish Ambassador Acknowledges notice of Turkey’s representation in the United States by Spain. 621

transfer to other neutral governments of the representation of belligerent governments in enemy countries by the united states upon the severance of relations with the countries concerned

[Page LXXXIV]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4385 Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) British interests in Germany to be turned over to Dutch Minister. 622
Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); the same to France, Greece, Japan, Portugal, Roumania, Morocco, Russia, and Egypt Instructions to suspend activities in behalf of Germany until the country taking over German interests is indicated. 622
5627 Feb. 7 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) German interests in Great Britain intrusted to Swiss Minister. 622
Feb. 7 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.); the same to France, Greece, Japan, Portugal, Roumania, Morocco, Russia, and Egypt Germany has intrusted its interests in the United States and all belligerent countries to Switzerland, except in Russia where Sweden has charge. 623
346 Feb. 13 To the Swiss Minister Inquiry regarding disposition of German interests at places where there are no Swiss consular officers. 623
1587 Mar. 8 To the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Difficulty in handling Austro-Hungarian relief work in Russia separate from that of Germany. Inquires if desired that American Embassy continue its representation. 623
I 4 h Mar. 14 [Rec’d Mar. 16] From the Swiss Minister Arrangements made for German representation in certain places where there are no Swiss consuls. 624
1770 Mar. 20 [Rec’d Mar. 22] From the Ambassador in Austria-Hungary (tel.) Quotes Austro-Hungarian aide-mémorie continuation of U.S. protection in Russia. 625
1278 Mar. 23 To the Ambassador in Russia (tel.) Instructions to continue to care for Austro-Hungarian interests in Russia. 626
5993 Apr. 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Swiss Minister has requested that archives of former German division of Embassy be turned over to him. Requests permission to refuse. 626
4703 Apr. 17 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Instructions to refuse to turn over to Swiss Minister the Embassy archives of former German division but to permit records to be copied. 627
July 17 To the Swiss Legation. Requests that the necessity for transferring German representation in certain places be again pointed out to Germany 627
I d Allg. 3 Aug. 14 From the Swiss Chargé Arrangements for transfer of German representation to neutral powers in certain places where there are no Swiss consuls. 628

Withdrawal of the American Minister and Relief Workers from Belgium—Transfer of the Relief Work to Netherland Subjects

[Page LXXXV] [Page LXXXVI] [Page LXXXVII] [Page LXXXVIII] [Page LXXXIX]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
38 Feb. 1 From the Minister in Belgium (tel.): for the President Suggests intervention in order that British and German restrictions on shipping will not destroy Belgian relief work. 628
4386 Feb. 3 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Suggestion regarding relief work in Belgium. Enclosure: Note from Hoover to members of commission on best shipping routes. 630
248 Feb. 3 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Arrangements to be made in event Germany desires withdrawal of American Minister from Belgium. 630
5590 Feb. 3 [Rec’d Feb. 4] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from Belgian Relief Commission for Hoover Shipping difficulties and British Treasury loan to Belgium. 632
249 Feb. 4 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions to represent to German authorities that their trade restrictions have cut off Belgian relief ships. 632
Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the British Ambassador Great Britain will see that relief work goes on provided Germany will allow Belgian relief ships to come to Rotterdam. 633
5612 Feb. 6 [Rec’d Feb. 7] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission for Hoover Further German restrictions on trade and its effect on relief work. 633
5652 Feb. 9 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) The future of the Belgian Relief Commission. 634
5662 Feb. 10 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission for Hoover Negotiations between Great Britain and Germany for concessions in shipping regulations. 635
1867 Feb. 10 From the Ambassador in France (tel.) Sinking of Danish S.S. Lars Kruse with cargo of corn for Belgian relief. 636
5673 Feb. 12 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Reported that Germany will no longer permit American members of relief commission to operate in Belgium. Recommends that Americans retire. 636
39 Feb. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the British Ambassador British determination to continue Belgian relief work as far as feasible under German restrictions. 637
Feb. 14 From the Netherland Minister Netherland offer to take over work of American Commission for Relief in Belgium. 637
526 Feb. 13 [Rec’d Feb. 14] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.): from Herter, formerly in Belgium Reports suspension of prerogatives of American Minister and restriction on activities of relief commission. 638
716 Feb. 14 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.): from Whitlock Requests that no final action on Belgian situation be taken pending negotiations. 639
253 Feb. 15 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions to inform German authorities that unless American Minister and relief commission be accorded former privileges, they will be withdrawn. 639
40 Feb. 16 [Rec’d Feb. 21] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Reports status of Legation and relief commission and recommends preparation for gradual departure. 640
43 Feb. 21 [Rec’d Feb. 23] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) The commission is instructed to remain. Difficulty is divergence of opinion between Great Britain and Germany regarding shipping routes. 642
Feb. 24 From the Chairman of the Commission for Relief in Belgium (tel.) British Government has issued safe-conduct to ships via northern route. 643
5748 Feb. 24 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission, for Hoover also Commission resolved to send vessels to Rotterdam direct, without safe-conduct, requesting the United States to hold Germany responsible. 643
732 Feb. 25 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.): from Whitlock It is his purpose to inform the German authorities that he will leave Belgium if former privileges not restored. 644
256 Feb. 26 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Desirable that Minister remain for present. Recommends Hoover’s plan to transfer relief work to Netherland subjects, if Americans must withdraw. 644
257 Feb. 26 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions to advise Americans to leave Belgium and to facilitate their departure. 645
5767 Feb. 27 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission, for Hoover also British Government has warned Germany that unless safe-conduct granted, relief ships’ cargoes will be unloaded and sold. 646
44 Feb. 26 [Rec’d Feb. 28] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) German authorities accord every privilege except diplomatic recognition; will withdraw from occupied territory. 646
261 Mar. 1 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions not to leave Belgium until directed. Commission to depart at same time. 647
45 Undated [Rec’d Mar. 1] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Attempt to put into effect suggestion for reorganization of commission. Only oral assurances given that commission can depart when they desire. 647
264 Mar. 2 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Instructions to obtain written assurances from German authorities that American members of commission may leave Belgium when they desire. 648
744 Mar. 4 [Rec’d Mar. 5] From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) German correspondence with the Netherlands on subject of reorganization of the Belgian Relief Commission. 648
XII 2 Mar. 5 [Rec’d Mar. 7] From the Swiss Minister Swiss Legation in the United States authorized by Germany to continue to issue safe-conducts for Belgian relief ships. Route designated. 649
46 Mar. 3 [Rec’d Mar. 7] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Recommends early departure of commission; the Netherlands and Spain agree to conduct relief in Belgium. 649
5811 Mar. 9 from the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): for Hoover also Germany maneuvering to throw blame on relief commission and then dismiss it. No safe route to Rotterdam. Instructions awaited. 650
5819 Mar. 9 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission for Hoover Advocates withdrawal of American Relief Commission from Belgium because of interruption of service by Germany. 651
265 Mar. 10 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Belgian relief work will cease only when Americans are forced out. 651
4527 Mar. 10 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Hoover leaves for London; his view that relief commission should continue efforts until forced to retire. 651
760 Mar. 10 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Reports Belgian-Dutch frontier closed, Whitlock without diplomatic position or funds. 652
328 Mar. 16 To the Ambassador in Spain (tel.): for Berlin Protest against sinking by German submarine of Norwegian S.S. Storstad carrying corn for Belgian relief. 652
Mar. 20 From the Director of the Commission for Relief in Belgium (tel.) Quotes London office report of further attacks on commission ships sailing under German safe-conducts. Protests made. 653
444 Mar. 20 To the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Inquires about communication with Whitlock. 653
792 Mar. 21 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) Sealed communications with Brussels only through Spanish pouch, but Spanish courier service not yet resumed across Belgian-Dutch frontier. 654
48 Mar. 14 [Rec’d Mar.23] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Secured written assurances that members of American commission may leave Belgium in case of war, but subject to quarantine Measures 654
268 Mar. 23 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Orders withdrawal of American Minister and relief workers from Belgium. 655
Mar. 23 To the Netherland Minister Accepts proposal that relief work in Belgium be transferred to Netherland subjects. 655
Mar. 24 Statement given to the press by the Department of State Situation in German-occupied territory causes withdrawal of American Minister and relief workers from Belgium. 656
Mar. 27 From the Director of the Commission for Relief in Belgium (tel.) London office desires that commissioners delay departure from Belgium in order to instruct new delegates in the work. 657
Mar. 27 To the Commission for Relief in Belgium Members of commission should leave Belgium at once. 657
49 Mar. 28 [Rec’d Mar.29] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Reports preparations to leave Belgium. 657
815 Mar. 29 From the Chargé in the Netherlands (tel.) It is reported American Relief Commission and officials in Belgium will be detained for period to prevent spread of military information. 658
711 Apr. 1 [Rec’d Apr. 2] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Informed that members of American Legation and consulates and relief commission will leave Belgium at once, several members of latter remaining to wind up affairs. 658
50 Apr. 3 [Rec’d Apr. 6] From the Minister formerly in Belgium (tel.) Reports departure from Belgium of Legation staff, consuls, and relief commission with few exceptions. 658
5992 Apr. 13 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Quotes substance of Belgian Relief Commission’s protest against destruction of relief ships to be transmitted through neutral channels to Germany. 660
May 2 From the British Embassy Great Britain does not feel justified in allowing other relief vessels to proceed in view of German outrages. 661
XVIII May 2 [Rec’d May 4] From the Swiss Minister Points out that Belgian relief ships must avoid German blockade zone; safe-conducts contain this stipulation. 661
520 May 4 From the Ambassador in Spain (tel.) German explanation of sinking of the Storstad. 662
866 May 4 [Rec’d May 5] From the Minister in Switzerland (tel.) Arrival from Belgium of remaining American delegates of relief commission. Passports refused private American citizens in Belgium. 662
May 7 From the British Embassy Permission for Belgian relief ships to proceed to Rotterdam in zone of safety prescribed by German Government. 663
6249 May 19 From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from the Belgian Relief Commission to Hoover Admiralty refuses to release vessels. Commission protests. 663

Reports on the Deportation of Civilians from Belgium

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
4231 Dec. 29, 1916 To the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.) Inquires Hoover’s opinion regarding continuance of Belgian deportations notwithstanding 664
3722 Dec. 29, 1916 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Inquires what action has been taken by Germany regarding protests against Belgian denotations. 664
243 Dec. 29, 1916 To the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Inquiry whether deportations continue and what percentage of those deported are being returned. 664
5397 Jan. 2, 1917 [Rec’d Jan. 4] From the Ambassador in Great Britain (tel.): from Hoover Report on Belgian deportations and suggestion of personal note from President Wilson to the German Emperor along certain lines. 665
29 Jan. 2 [Rec’d Jan. 5] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Further report on Belgian deportations and efforts to influence the situation. 666
3754 Jan. 6 To the Ambassador in Germany (tel.) Instructions to arrange for American inspection of work places of deported Belgians. 668
A 131 Jan. 8 From the German Ambassador Presents German justification of system of deportation of Belgians. 668
32 Jan. 16 [Rec’d Jan. 17] From the Minister in Belgium (tel.) Reports milder methods of deportation and attempt of civil government to abrogate policy 672
429 Jan. 17 [Rec’d Feb. 13] From the Minister in Belgium Change of methods of deportation in Brussels. Encloses summons blank. 673

The Establishment of a Serbian Legation in the United States

[Page XC]
No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
1590 Sept. 11 1916 From the Chargé in France (tel.) Application for establishment of Serbian Legation in the United States, designating minister under consideration 674
1740 Sept. 23 1916 To the Chargé in France (tel.) A Serbian diplomatic mission under minister proposed will be agreeable to the United States. 674
Jan. 26, 1917 Remarks of the Serbian Minister upon reception by President Wilson Letters of credence presented 674
Jan. 26. President Wilson’s reply to the Serbian Minister Acceptance of letters of credence 675

The Jurisdiction of American Courts over Ships Requisitioned by Foreign Governments—The Case of the “Attualità”

No. Date From and to whom Subject Page
Sept. 12, 1916 [Rec’d Sept. 13] From the Counselor of the Italian Embassy Case of the Italian S.S. Attualità. Requests Department to suggest measures to protect Italian requisitioned ships from attachment in U. S. ports 675
2977 Oct. 2, 1916 [Rec’d Oct. 4] From the Italian Ambassador Again presents case of the Attualità detained in U.S. court; claims right of exemption from attachment as a requisitioned vessel of a friendly country. 677
Oct. 13, 1916 From the Counselor of the Italian Embassy Reiterates formal protests against the assumption of jurisdiction by U.S. courts over an Italian requisitioned ship and points out impossibility for appeal in time allowed. 678
221 Oct. 26, 1916 To the Italian Ambassador Summary of the Attualità case: not armed public vessel, not entitled to immunity under international law. Suggests application for release under bond. 680
750 Dec. 11, 1916 [Rec’d Dec. 12] From the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Italy requests the release of the Attualità; grain cargo needed. 685
682 Dec. 14, 1916 To the Ambassador in Italy (tel.) Calls attention to reasons given in former correspondence why the Attualità cannot be released except under bond. 685
1359 May 12, 1917 [Rec’d May 14] From the Italian Ambassador Reserves rights of his Government regarding forced sale of the Attualità. Transfer of flag of Italian steamers prohibited. 686
278 May 29 To the Italian Ambassador The Attualità case tried on its merits by court of competent jurisdiction, vessel found at fault in collision, and amount of damage referred to commissioner. 687