Index

• Aggression, 5, 15, 22, 27, 312
• Agriculture, Department of, 523n
• Air Coordinating Committee, 436, 448
• Air Force, Department of the, 2n, 13, 74, 87n, 96, 205, 311, 448, 767, 795
• Albania (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe and under Greece, Greek Frontier, Northern, and Greek Frontier, Northern: UNSCOB): Civil aviation policy, 484; Corfu channel, British charges against Albania regarding, 879; Free Greek government, possible recognition of, 4, 7, 11, 15, 25, 40, 48, 50, 222–223; state of war with Greece, continuation of, 67; U.N. membership, application for, 67, 240, 245, 247n, 371; U.S. policy toward, 312–313, 500; war with Greece, possibility of, 73; Yugoslavia, relations with, 1090–1091, 1101
• Aleksandrov, George Fedorovich, 811
• Alexander, Metropolitan of Horns (Emessa), 904
• Alexander, Patriarch of Antioch, 904
• Alexandra, ex-Queen Mother of Romania, 408, 411–412, 416, 421
• Alexandretta, 72
• Alexei, Patriarch, 801–802, 838–839
• Allan, Col. Carlisle V., 400–401
• Allen, Denis, 926–927
• Allen, George V., 365
• Alphand, Hervé, 466–467, 469–470, 472
• American Overseas Airlines (AOA), 438, 445n, 453
• Anderson, Karl, 524
• Andreichin, George, 332, 335, 379–380
• Andrienko, Konstantin G., 1029
• Anglo-American talks concerning the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean (1947), 2n
• Anne, Princess of Denmark, 409n
• Anschuetz, Norbert L., 220
• Arab League. see League of Arab States.
• Arab States: Greek proposals regarding bloc including, 41–43, 72, 79; Palestine question, 72, 79; relations with Greece, 42
• Ardass, Bishop, 394
• Arey, Hawthorne, 575
• Argentina, 745
• Armed attack under Art. 51 of the U.N. Charter, 4, 16–18, 175, 208
• Armour, Norman, 18–21, 41–42, 396n, 397–400, 402–404, 411, 418, 516–520
• Armstrong, Hamilton Fish, 399
• Armstrong, Willis C., 509–511, 524, 545, 960, 971
• Armstrong, W. Park, Jr., 758
• Army, Department of the (War Department): American Mission for Aid to Turkey, 78; committee on treaties, consultations with, 311; Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia, 742; displaced persons, repatriation of, 907–908; Greek armed forces, size and support of, 158, 164; Joint United States Military Advisory and Planning Group, 96; lend-lease vessels, transfer to Soviet Union of, 959; liberation of Prague during World War II, 734; master lend-lease agreements, determination of end of emergency referred to in, 996n; military aid program, 37, 39, 64, 105, 766; military aid to Greece, 205, 209, 220; military aid to Turkey, 193; military attaché staff at U.S. embassy in Moscow, 819–820; Turkish tobacco sales to U.S. and British zones of occupation in Germany, 149; U.N. Special Commission on the Balkans, transfer of materiel to, 222; U.S. claims against Yugoslavia, 1059; U.S. policy toward Greece, 2n, 13, 24; U.S. troops to Greece, question regarding despatch of, 65; Lt. Gen. Van Fleet, designation as Director of JUSMAPG and Commanding General, U.S. Army Group, Greece, 37n; visit to the United States by Peter, ex-King of Yugoslavia, 401; Walker mission to Greece, 152; Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1085–1086, 1088
• Arnold, Elting, 575
• Arutyunyan (Arutiunian), Amazasp Avakimovich, 952, 955, 960, 966, 971, 973, 978
• Athanassov, Boyan, 303
• Atomic Energy Commission, export controls, 489n, 496, 503, 513, 523n, 524, 568
• Attlee, Clement R., 30
• Auboyneau, Christian R., 302, 364
• Austin, Warren R., 380, 629n, 745, 897
• Australia, 225–228, 229n, 230–234, 241, 251n, 253n
• Austria (see also under Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe): Allied Control Commission, 629; Allied Council, 689; British policy toward, 843–844; British zone of occupation, 455, 460; elections, proposal regarding international supervision of, 339; Four-Power Control Agreement (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and France) (1946), 689; French zone of occupation, 455, 460; International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 504, 576–577; lend-lease credits, 505; occupation policies, 878; occupying powers, 630n, 661; restitution program, 360; restitutions of Romanian property, 349; Soviet policy toward, 837; Soviet position in, 338, 684, 840; Soviet pressure on, 208; Soviet zone of occupation, 826; trade with Soviet bloc, 567–568, 587; treaty of peace, 594, 595n, 597, 599, 605, 609, 628, 648, 652, 657, 688–689, 692, 725–727, 732; U.S. forces in Austria, 732; U.S. policy toward, 352–353, 500; U.S. zone of occupation, 443, 460, 500, 608, 728, 740; Yugoslav claims respecting Austrian Carinthia, 298, 1070–1071; Yugoslav policy toward, 1104
• Azores, 514
• Baillie, Hugh, 824n
• Balabanov, Mme., 303
• Balkan Committee of the Department of State, abolition of, 311
• Balkan federation: Proposals regarding, 294, 299, 405, 1074, 1089, 1104; Soviet attitude toward, 293–295, 297–298; Yugoslav attitude toward, 1082, 1089, 1104, 1111
• Balta, Tahsin Bekin, 213
• Baltic States: Annexation by the Soviet Union, nonrecognition by the United States of, 396, 400, 402–403, 431, 766, 805, 826–827, 880, 907; authentication of signatures and acquisition of official documents, questions regarding, 805–806, 880–881; collectivization program in, 944; displaced persons from, repatriation problems concerning, 396, 400, 402–403; International Peasants Union, question regarding adherence to, 422; present and future status of, 296, 396–397, 399–400, 402–404, 426; Soviet military occupation (1940), 826–828; U.S. policy regarding, 400, 402, 430–431, 805
• Banasz, Bishop, 326
• Bannantine, George, 372–373, 391–392
• Baranovski, Anatol Maximovich, 633, 663–664
• Barbour, Walworth, 195, 235n, 286, 397–399, 427–428, 595, 1056n, 1058–1063, 1106n
• Barkley, Alben W., 534n
• Barnes, Robert G., 1067n
• Barringer, J. Paul, 447–449, 451n, 462n
• Barron, Bryton, 628
• Baxter, William O., 51–52, 56–57, 60–61, 70n, 182, 195, 213, 218, 220–221, 235–237, 262n
• Baydur, Hüseyin Ragip, 18–21, 83, 114–115, 173
• Bayev, S. M., 633
• Bazykin, Vladimir Ivanovich, 789, 922n
• Beam, Jacob D., 414, 757n
• Bebler, Alesh (Aljes), 635–637, 644, 649, 652–653, 657, 663–664, 673, 681, 684, 686–687, 691–692, 698, 1055, 1056n, 1057, 1097–1099
• Beck, Louis C., 368
• Beck-Friis, Johan Hugo, 759–760
• Belgium, 296, 370, 468, 529, 570, 587, 621, 662–663, 846, 856
• Bell, George L., 524
• Belyayev (Belyaev), Maj. Gen. Alexander Ivanovich, 1015, 1017
• Beman, Spencer S., 368
• Benelux, 445, 567, 846
• Beneš, Eduard, 415, 429, 734, 736n, 739, 741, 743, 748–752, 754–756, 853
• Beneš, Mrs. Eduard, 755
• Berlin, Soviet blockade of, 164, 181, 555, 889, 910, 919, 930, 932, 943, 945, 947, 1083, 1095, 1097; air corridors, 468; air lift operations, 787, 920; Berlin negotiations, 155, 666, 945; British policy, 843–844; Moscow conversations, 120, 122, 129, 462, 666, 683–685, 919–920, 945; Soviet objectives, 840, 919–920, 945; U.N. Security Council, 945; U.S. rights, protection of, 834n, 858
• Berman, Jakub, 528
• Berry, Burton Y., 408
• Bevans, Charles I., 628
• Bevin, Ernest: Balkan federation proposals, 294; British-U.S. consultations regarding Greece, 220–221; British policy toward Bulgaria, 373; British policy toward Greece, 30, 82n, 221; British policy toward the Soviet Union, 842–843, 858, 889–890; civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 467–469; Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia, 736–737; Cyprus question, 117–118, 121; Greek armed forces, size and support of, 156, 166; military and political situation in Greece, 163, 165n, 221; political prisoners in Greece, [Page 1123] execution of, 82n; Soviet approach to Greek foreign minister, 115, 117–118; Soviet objectives in the Middle East, 909; trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 554; U.N. membership, policy regarding, 376; U.S. military mission in Greece, 147; U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 860–862; Western European union, proposals regarding, 43, 299, 517; Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1078, 1087
• Bidault, Georges, 680, 736–737, 842, 861n, 862n, 864
• Biddle, Eric H., 109
• Bierut, Bolestan, 572–574
• Biffle, Leslie, 416
• Bigart, Homer, 59
• Bilmanis, Alfred, 396n, 399–400, 430–431
• Birmingham, Stephen W., 1038n
• Bitterman, Henry J., 575
• Black, Eugene R., 575
• Blaisdell, Thomas C., Jr., 511, 524, 526, 1, 546, 575–577
• Bliss, Don C., 467–469, 562, 574, 578, 890
• Bloom, Sol, 534n
• Blum, René, 885n
• Bohlen, Charles E., 43–45, 74–75, 165n, 166n, 298n, 378, 470–472, 479–480, 830n, 860n, 906–908, 1030, 1047n, 1051–1052, 1096
• Bonbright, James C. H., 737–738
• Bonesteel, Lt. Col. Charles H., 1095
• Bonnet, Henri, 470, 595n, 602, 621n, 861n
• Borisov, S.A., 633
• Bradley, Gen. Omar N., 194
• Braun, Father Leopold, 867
• Brazil, 222–223, 229n, 234, 239, 243–244, 251n
• Bridges, Styles, 103n, 1064–1065
• British Board of Trade, 472
• British Commonwealth of Nations, 585–586
• British European Airways (BEA), 438, 442
• Brooks, James R., 575
• Brown, Jeanette Stillman, 924
• Brown, Winthrop G., 510–511
• Bruce, David K., 523n, 524–525
• Bruins, John H., 733–735
• Bruslov, Yuri M., 868, 995
• Brussels Pact countries, 115, 172, 214
• Bryte, Col. Walter, 450
• Budget, Bureau of the, 52n, 182, 184, 187, 194, 216, 823
• Bulganin, Nikolay Alexandrovich, 918
• Bulgaria (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe and under Greece, Greek Frontier, Northern, and Greek Frontier, Northern: UNSCOB):
  • American College near Sofia, closure of, 343
  • Arrest and imprisonment of Dimiter Gitchev, Agrarian Union leader, 291–292; U.S. statement regarding, 292
  • Arrests of Bulgarian employees of U.S. legation, U.S. protests regarding, 303–305, 332–333, 368–369
  • Arrests of opposition leaders, 304, 305n
  • British policy toward, 373–376
  • Capital levy tax, question regarding application to U.S. nationals, 343
  • Civil aviation: Air services to the United Kingdom, 480; aviation rights, nonextension to the United States of, 342–343, 460; British sales of aircraft to, 472; French sale of aircraft to, U.S. concern regarding, 466–467, 469–470, 472; Italian negotiations, 447
  • Claims by the United States against, 324–325, 341, 357
  • Communist Party, 285n, 338, 499n
  • Detention of U.S. legation attachés, 368–369
  • Diplomatic missions in Sofia and Washington, size of, 794
  • Diplomatic premises, U.S. protest regarding Bulgarian violation of, 303–305
  • Economic discrimination against the United States, 324, 340
  • Economic policy and programs, 308
  • Ex-enemy assets blocked in the United States, 323, 325, 341
  • Expropriation, U.S. policy regarding, 341, 343
  • Expulsion of Vice Consul Donald Ewing as persona non grata, 365–366
  • Federation with Yugoslavia, proposal regarding, 1074
  • Foreign policy, 844
  • Free elections, failure of Soviet Union to observe Yalta commitments for, 878
  • Free Greek government, possible recognition of, 4, 7, 10, 16, 25, 32, 40, 48, 50, 222–223
  • Greco-Bulgarian frontier: British attitude, 284–285, 315–316; Bulgarian attitude, 284, 285n, 314–316, 322, 330, 334; Soviet attitude, 284, 285n, 330, 334; U.S. efforts to make inspection under terms of peace treaty, 282–285, 314–315, 317, 325, 330, 334
  • Greek Thrace, possible Bulgarian occupation of, 13
  • Heads of mission at Sofia (British-U.S.-Soviet), proposed meetings of, 283–284, 315, 317–318, 324, 329–332, 359, 379; British position, 330n; Soviet attitude, 283–284, 318, 323, 330n, 359, 379
  • Independent Socialist Party, 285n
  • Legation plane, Bulgarian request for removal of, 333
  • Library reading rooms, Bulgarian requests for transfer from U.S. and Italian legation quarters, 333
  • Lulchev trial, U.S. condemnation of, 388–389
  • Military information required under terms of peace treaty, U.S. efforts to obtain, 282–283, 314–315, 317, 324–325, 329, 331, 359–360
  • Nationalization program, 324, 341–343
  • Petroleum Products Distribution Company (Petrole Company), U.S. protests regarding Bulgarian seizure of, 333, 341–342
  • Political situation, 279–280, 285–287, 320
  • Prewar bilateral treaties to be retained, U.S. notification regarding, 302, 325
  • Reparations, 360
  • Restitution of Bulgarian property in Germany, 342
  • Sentry firing at legation automobile, protest regarding, 369n
  • Socialist Party, 388
  • Soviet influence over, 878
  • Soviet military occupation, 826, 828
  • Soviet occupation troops, withdrawal of, 324
  • Sovietization of, 280, 319–321, 758, 778, 828
  • State trading, 350
  • Travel restrictions with respect to diplomatic missions, 360, 387–388, 937
  • Treaty of peace, U.S. efforts to secure implementation of, 279, 282–285, 287, 292, 315–319, 321–326, 329–332, 334–335, 339–343, 346, 354–362, 364–365, 370–371, 374–381, 388–390, 467, 469–470; British position, 370–371; Bulgarian attitude, 287, 360; Soviet attitude, 325–326, 360–362
  • U.N. membership, application for, 245, 247n, 359, 370n, 371, 374–375, 378–381; British position, 376; Soviet support, 374; U.S. opposition to, 362, 370n, 374n, 377–378, 380–381
  • U.S. concern for welfare of people of, 279, 312, 321, 323, 357–358
  • U.S. forces on Allied Control Commission, withdrawal of, 324
  • U.S. interests in, protection of, 279, 312, 341–343, 361
  • U.S. policy toward, 312–313, 319–321, 428, 500
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 1101
  • Zveno political group, 428
• Bulgarian exiled leaders and refugees, 427–428
• Bulgarian National Committee, 413, 428
• Burma, 474, 837
• Butler, George H., 132n.
• Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, 405, 571, 798, 804, 877
• Byrnes, James F., 608, 680, 877, 882
• Caffery, Jefferson, 61n, 466, 469–472, 560, 624n, 627–631, 705n, 735, 738, 768, 863–864, 913n
• Çakir, Hüsnü, 217
• Canada, 172, 474, 527, 567, 586, 843, 855
• Canellopoulos, Panayotis, 81
• Cannon, Cavendish W., 62–63, 105n, 297–298, 616–617, 619, 625, 627–629, 632n, 634–660, 662–723, 1054–1056, 1063–1066, 1070–1072, 1076n, 1086, 1100–1107
• Cardozo, Michael H., 995n
• Carim, Fuat, 217
• Carter, E. J., 914
• Carter, Brig. Gen. Marshall S., 184
• Central European federation, proposals regarding, 404–405
• Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 2n, 9, 39, 50
• Central Rhine Commission, 628, 634
• Ceylon, 377, 474, 574, 578n, 579
• Chamberlain, Neville, 30n
• Chapin, Selden, 279–285, 289n, 290, 295–297, 305–310, 313–314, 326–329, 336–339, 366–367, 372n, 373n, 383–387, 389, 393–395, 444–445
• Chauvel, Jean, 466
• Cheklin, N. I., 960, 971, 978
• Chepurnykh, Zot Ivanovich, 1039, 1041, 1047, 1053
• Chernyshev, Nikolay P., 120–121, 129
• Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo, 910
• Chief of Naval Operations (U.S.N.), 145
• Chile, 744–745
• China, 229n, 239n, 243, 251n, 267n, 474, 665, 704, 709, 909–910, 935
• Chinese Communists, 909–910, 946
• Choumenkovitch. see Sumenkovic.
• Christopher, Patriarch of Alexandria, 904
• Churchill, Winston, 21n, 931, 945
• Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA), 448
• Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), 436, 448, 455
• Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, North Korea, Mongolian People’s Republic, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia), 350, 360, 436–488
  • Anglo-American discussions concerning, 451n, 456, 457n, 462–463, 469, 470n, 472, 473n, 480n, 481–488
  • Belgian position, 468
  • Benelux position, 445
  • British position, 438–439, 442–443, 445, 449–450, 454–455, 459–460, 465, 467–469, 471–479, 481–488
  • Containment of Soviet and Soviet satellite air transport operations, 454–456, 460–462, 467–468, 471–480, 482–484, 486
  • Export embargo on aircraft parts, and equipment, 452–455, 458, 460, 462, 465–467, 471–473, 475–476, 478–482, 486, 488, 528, 566, 569–570, 585, 588
  • French position, 442, 445, 449–450, 454–455, 460, 466–472
  • Netherlands position, 442–443, 447, 454–455, 468
• Clark, Tom C., 977n, 1030n
• Clay, Eugene H., 38, 45, 57
• Clay, Gen. Lucius D., 725, 742, 907–908
• Clayton, William L., 510, 534–536
• Clementis, Vladimir, 652, 663, 686, 698, 720, 733, 757
• Cohen, Benjamin V., 374n
• Cole, Felix, 580n
• Collins, Gen. J. Lawton, 217, 220
• Colombia, 749
• Comintern, 1082, 1102
• Comintern Congress, Fifth (1924), 243
• Commander, U.S. Naval Forces, Mediterranean, 5, 8, 13–14, 23
• Commerce, Department of, 436, 492, 495–498, 502, 510–514, 515n, 523–524, 545, 561–562, 568, 587, 995, 999, 1002, 1060
• Committee for implementing treaties of peace with countries of South Europe (treaty committee), 310–311, 323n, 325, 353n, 448n, 546n
• Common Cause, Inc., 1036n, 1038
• Communism, international, 3, 9–10, 12, 118, 735
• Communist Information Bureau (Cominform):
  • Establishment of, 499, 517, 889n, 917–918, 1104
  • European Recovery Program, opposition to, 516
  • Meeting at Bucharest of Communist Party representatives from Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, France, and Italy, June, 1075; refusal of Yugoslav Communist Party to attend, 1090
  • Resolution denouncing Tito, 115, 122n, 167, 203, 207, 364, 418n, 455n, 615n, 623, 626–627, 643, 658, 905–906, 909; 918–919, 943–944, 1074–1076, 1100–1104, 1100–1107, 1116; British reaction to, 1078, 1083–1084, 1087; U.S. interest in, 1054, 1073, 1076, 1078–1081, 1084–1089, 1091–1099, 1101–1102, 1104–1106, 1109–1112, 1117–1118; Yugoslav Communist Party rejection of, 1076–1077, 1081–1083, 1085, 1088–1089, 1100–1102
  • Soviet policy toward, 889
  • World Conference of Intellectuals, relationship to, 913
• Conciliation commissions, 360
• Conference at Adana between British Prime Minister Churchill and Turkish President Inönü (1943), 21
• Conference on the implementation of the treaties, Rome, June 14–21, 339n, 353–354, 365; report of, 353–362, 436, 448–451, 546–547
• Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, Belgrade, July 30–Aug. 18, 360, 386, 464–465, 593–732, 1100
  • Anglo-American-French consultations during conference, 637–638, 641, 674, 683
  • Anglo-American-French preliminary discussions at Paris, July 21–23, 624
  • Austria: Consultations with U.S. delegation, 624n, 631–633; non-recognition of convention in British, U.S., and French zones of occupation, 725, 727; participation in consultative capacity, 595–596, 599–601, 602n, 604, 609–615, 618–620, 625–626, 628–629, 630n, 631–634, 638–639, 641–642, 644–645, 652, 660, 683, 720–721, 729
  • Austrian Danube, 650
  • British position, 594–601, 602n, 604–606, 608–624, 627–630, 637–638, 640–641, 645, 649–651, 653–654, 660–666, 672–673, 681, 684–687, 691–692, 697–699, 703–704, 708–709, 719–720, 722, 728, 731
  • Bulgarian participation and position, 605, 614, 620, 663–664, 681, 692, 694, 708, 719
  • Cabotage trade, 647, 681
  • Convention concerning the regime of navigation on the Danube, Aug. 18, 593n, 648, 649n, 719–720; Austrian adherence, question of, 665, 689, 710n; nonrecognition by the United States, 724–732; ratification, 710–712, 723; refusal to sign by the United States, United Kingdom, and France, 686, 703, 705, 720–721, 723
  • Convention instituting the definitive statute of the Danube (1921): British-French reservation of rights under, 618, 620–621, 624, 628, 630, 632–634, 640–642, 651, 660–663, 665, 672, 686, 714, 717, 719, 725–726; nullification of, 719n; rights of other signatories (Belgium, Greece, and Italy), 621, 662–663, 667, 709, 715, 717, 725, 727, 729; Soviet position, 652, 713–715; U.S. position, 687, 713, 715, 721, 725–727, 729–732
  • Council of Foreign Ministers: Decision regarding Danube conference (1946), 593–595, 597, 600–601, 604–605, 608–609, 613–615, 620, 625, 629n, 645, 652, 655, 659, 662–663, 665, 668, 670, 672, 676, 680–681, 685–690, 692, 710, 712, 714, 717, 719–720, 729; referral of conference decisions, question of, 596, 600, 602n, 609–610, 722
  • Credentials committee, 708–709
  • Czechoslovak participation and position, 605, 613, 620, 651–653, 663, 686, 691–692, 698, 708, 720
  • Danube commission, proposed, 625, 628, 630–633, 645–648, 652–653, 660, 665, 668, 688, 690–691, 698, 704, 707, 719
    • Austrian participation, question of, 648, 665, 667–668, 670, 671n, 684, 686, 688–689, 692–693, 717, 720, 725, 727, 729
    • Establishment of, 719n, 729, 731–732
    • German participation, question of, 688n, 690, 692–693, 717, 730
    • Membership, 668, 670, 688, 692, 719, 729
    • U.N. relationship, 628, 652, 659–660, 665, 667–670, 677, 681, 684, 691, 705n, 706, 709, 716–717, 729
    • U.S. position, 651–652, 656, 658–660, 668, 677, 686, 691, 693, 695–697, 702, 717
    • U.S. refusal to recognize, 725–727, 730, 732
  • Disputes, settlement of, 684, 691, 705n, 706–707, 709, 716
  • Draft conventions:
    • Debate on, 652–653
    • Soviet draft 637–638, 645–654, 656, 658–660, 662–677, 680–682, 684–686, 688, 690–691, 696–697, 699n, 700–702, 704, 707–708, 710n, 711–713, 715–718, 720–721, 730; British amendments, 675, 686–687, 692, 705–706, 707n, 709–710, 717–718; Czechoslovak-Hungarian amendments, 691, 696, 698; French amendments, 675–676, 680–681, 710–713, 717–718, 720; U.S. amendments to, 674–681, 684–688, 690–693, 695–699, 701–702, 704, 706, 710–712, 717–718, 720
    • U.S. draft 638, 650, 653–654, 660, 665–671, 673, 679, 681, 688, 690, 727
    • Yugoslav draft 649
  • Drafting committee, 707–709, 715n
  • Freedom of navigation, country positions regarding: Austrian, 631; British, 613, 661, 664; French, 610, 613, 630, 681, 702; Romanian, 627; Soviet, 608, 610–611, 613, 643, 645, 650, 669, 677, 680, 702, 879; U.S., 597–600, 602, 607, 609–611, 613, 626, 642, 650, 655, 657–659, 668–669, 676, 679–680, 683, 685, 688–690, 694, 697, 700–701, 706–707, 711, 714, 716–718, 729
  • French position, 594, 595n, 596–599, 601, 604–606, 608–622, 624, 627–631, 637–638, 640–642, 644–645, 649, 654, 661–663, 666, 671–674, 683–687, 697–699, 702–704, 705n, 708, 710, 719–720, 722
  • General committee, proceedings of, 672, 674–678, 680–713
  • Germany: Adherence to convention, question of, 665, 670, 671n; Anglo-American-French zones of occupation, non-cooperation with Danube commission and nonrecognition of convention, 725, 727; participation in conference and commission, question of, 596, 600, 629, 630n, 634, 652, 657, 660, 683, 686
  • Hungarian participation and position, 605, 614, 620, 663, 672, 682, 685, 691, 694, 697, 704, 708, 720
  • International control, principle of, 681, 697
  • International Court of Justice, British proposal for referring question of validity of 1921 Danube convention to, 628, 660–662, 665, 667, 672, 705n, 709, 720; U.S. support for, 707, 725, 732
  • Majority vote, 634, 644, 646
  • Multiple voting, question of, 633
  • Nondiscrimination, 647, 678, 683–684, 698, 699n, 700–702, 716–717, 730
  • Office of Military Government for Germany (United States): consultations with, 624n; nonrecognition of convention or commission, 732
  • Official languages (French and Russian), 635–639, 641–643, 681, 698, 707–708
  • Proceedings, reports on, 634–645, 650–653, 655–660, 662–673, 715n, 716–722
  • Riparian states: Soviet support for limitation of membership on commission to, 601, 633, 635, 637, 639, 645–648, 653, 660, 664–665, 660–670, 691, 697, 701; U.S. position, [Page 1127] 650, 655–656, 670, 676, 688, 690–692, 694, 697, 711–712, 717, 729–730
  • Romanian participation and position, 602–603, 605–606, 614, 620, 627, 663–665, 677, 681, 694, 704, 719–720
  • Rules of procedure, 644
  • Soviet delegation, 631–633
  • Soviet position, 594–597, 600–601, 603–609, 612–619, 622–623, 626–627, 629n, 632–633, 635–653, 655, 657–659, 661–662, 665–668, 671–672, 675, 678–682, 686–687, 691–693, 697–698, 700, 702, 704, 708–710, 716–717, 719–724, 1073, 1075
  • Ukrainian participation and position, 605, 614, 620, 626, 633, 663–664, 681, 691–692, 704, 709, 719
  • Unanimity voting principle, 599–600, 620, 624, 626, 634
  • U.N. observers, proposal for, 629
  • U.S. delegation, 624–625, 630, 632, 636, 650, 653–654, 659, 661
  • U.S. participation and position in, 593–732 passim
  • Withdrawal of the United States, United Kingdom, and France from the conference, proposals regarding, 685–686, 702–703
  • Yugoslavia: Invitations for the conference, 600, 602, 604–606, 612–620, 622, 625, 629, 1073, 1075, 1082; participation and position, 623–624, 635, 644, 649, 651–652, 657, 663–664, 671–673, 681, 686–687, 691–694, 698, 708, 710n, 719, 1091, 1101, 1105
• Congress (U.S.): Aid program for Greece and Turkey, 36, 38, 43–47, 52n, 55–56, 61, 64, 102–103, 108–109, 126–127, 129, 131, 136, 144–146, 150, 154, 158–159, 164, 169, 181–182, 184–185, 190, 194, 202, 208–209, 212, 218, 221; compensation for patent holders, 981; costs of the U.S. embassy in Moscow, 823; Czechoslovakia, Soviet moves in, 766; Displaced Persons Act of 1948, 403n; European Recovery Program, 45n, 60, 778, 885; exports to Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 356–357, 500, 512n, 517, 526, 543, 778, 995, 1000, 1019; Finland, Soviet pressure on, 766; Greek northern frontier, proposal for U.S. guards for, 335; House Appropriations Committee, 102–103, 149; House Committee on Un-American Activities, 1038, 1053; House Foreign Affairs Committee, 55, 56n, 64n, 95, 149; lend-lease operations, 963; military preparedness, 766–767, 888; Mundt amendment, 778; Munitions Control Act, 503; Patent secrecy Act, amendment to, 503; Republican control, 354; Senate Appropriations Committee, 149; Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 55, 64, 95, 149, 527, 881; Senate Judiciary Committee, 403; Senate resolution requiring information on Soviet violation of agreements, 881; Senate Special Committee Investigating National Defense Program, report of, 1021; Soviet satellites, situation in, 310; Soviet Union, attitude toward, 833; Stratton bill on immigration quotas, 402–403; Thomas committee, 932; Treasury special account, 816; Turkish tobacco sales to U.S. and British zones in Germany, question of, 149; universal military training, 766; U.S. policy toward Greece, 5, 25; U.S. policy toward Turkey, 35; Vandenberg resolution on aid to regional and other collective arrangements, 888; Van Fleet nomination, 37
• Connally, Matthew J., 396, 399n
• Connelly, Bernard C., 412–413, 417n
• Connolly, Maj. Gen. Donald H., 7–8
• Conolly, Adm. Richard L., 145, 217
• Cooley, Harold D., 416
• Corfu, 879
• Corliss, James C., 815–816
• Coste, Brutus, 431, 432n
• Costello, Leo, 1035
• Coulet, François, 761, 763–765, 770–771, 776
• Council for European Economic Cooperation (CEEC), 69, 356
• Council of Foreign Ministers (see also under Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube), 124, 626, 725–727, 854, 873, 878
• Council of Free Czechoslovakia, 429–430, 433
• Council on Foreign Relations, 399
• Crawford, William A., 811–812
• Crete, 191
• Cretzianu, Alexander, 410, 432
• Cribbett, Sir George, 438, 462n
• Crocker, Edward, 560, 912–915
• Cromie, Leonard J., 58n, 99n, 122–124, 130, 196, 250–257
• Crowley, Leo T., 985, 1005
• Curley, Thomas J., 1039
• Curzon line, 877
• Cyprus, 115–118, 120–121, 191
• Czapik, Archbishop of Eger, 383–384
• Czechoslovak National Committee, 413
• Czechoslovak Relief Committee, 414–415
• Czechoslovak State Airline (CSA), 440, 442, 458, 476, 487
• Czechoslovakia (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, and Trade with the Soviet Union and [Page 1128] Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe):
  • Agrarian Party, 422
  • Agreement with the Soviet Union, 591
  • British policy toward, 427n
  • Civil aviation: Aircraft industry, 453–454; air routes, 453–454, 460; British air services to, 468, 474, 486; expansion of Czechoslovak air services to Near and Middle East, 430–440, 453, 458–459
  • Claims by the United States against, 343, 1070
  • Commercial agreement with the United States, proposal regarding negotiation of, 733–735, 753
  • Communist Information Bureau: Communist Party participation in establishment of, 499n; support for, 757
  • Communist seizure of power, 65, 102, 307, 309, 337, 414–415, 439, 449, 452, 454, 458–459, 486, 532, 534–535, 733–758, 766, 771, 778, 846–847, 890; British position, 736–737, 843; French position, 737–738; Joint U.S.-U.K.-French declaration, 736–738, 739n; Soviet role and attitude, 741, 749–751, 766, 771, 853; U.N. Security Council deliberations, 744–747; U.S. attitude toward, 733–758, 852
  • Cultural agreement with the United States, proposed negotiation of, 733–735
  • Diplomatic missions in Prague and Washington, size of, 794
  • ECE committee on development of trade, 571
  • Elections, 733–735, 752, 754–756
  • European Recovery Program, acceptance and subsequent withdrawal under Soviet pressure, 852
  • Exiled leaders and refugees, U.S. attitude toward, 403n, 424–425, 427, 429–430, 433–434
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, U.S. attitude toward Czechoslovak signature of Protocol of Provisional Application, 534–536
  • Government in exile, U.S. attitude toward formation of, 424–425, 427, 429, 433–434
  • Greek children, question regarding possible removal to Czechoslovakia of, 250
  • Greek guerrillas, aid to, 235
  • Industrial equipment, question regarding purchases from the United States of, 521–522
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 504, 576, 578
  • International Peasants Union, question of adherence to, 422
  • Lend-lease settlement agreement with the United States, Sept. 16, 758
  • Liberation of Prague at end of World War II, 734–735, 748, 753
  • Nationalization of American property, U.S. claims regarding, 521–522
  • Refugees, relief for, 414–416, 425, 429
  • Reparations deliveries from Germany, 522
  • Soviet absorption or integration, reports regarding possibility of, 752, 757–758
  • Soviet Union: Economic aid, 590n, 591; grain sales (1947), 754; influence, 535, 590
  • U.S. Educational Foundation, proposal regarding establishment of, 735
  • U.S. interests in, 361
  • U.S. policy toward, 338, 427, 433–434, 500, 577
• Da Cunha, Vasco T. L., 243–244
• Dahl, Jens Rudolph Norup, 463
• Dairen, 877
• Danube conference. see Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube.
• Danube conference (1921), 635
• Danubian federation, 294, 297
• Danubian shipping, 346, 350
• Darnell, Lt. Col., 122
• Davenport, Marcia, 743n
• Davidson, Jo, 913
• Davila, Charles A., 397–399, 410–411, 418–419, 432
• Davis, Richard H., 867–868
• Deak, Francis, 328, 438, 440–442, 445, 450, 451n, 462, 471–473, 477
• Declaration and convention on human rights, draft 377, 379n
• Defense, Department of, 19, 1077
• Defense Supplies Corporation, 953
• De Gasperi, Alcide, 1066
• de Gaulle, Gen. Charles, 946
• De Luce, 281
• Dembitz, Lewis, 575
• Dendramis, Vassili G.: Albanian aid to Greek guerrillas, 122–123, 256–257; Council of Foreign Ministers, question regarding meeting of, 124; dinner for ex-King Peter of Romania, 416; Eastern Mediterranean bloc, 41–43, 70–71; Free Greek government, question regarding recognition by other governments, 31–32; Greek Air Force, request for bombers for, 123–124; Greek armed forces, size and support of, 150–151, 156n; Greek coalition government, U.S. support for, 96–97; guerrilla firing from foreign territory, 257–259; Italian elections, impact [Page 1129] of, 70n; joint Anglo-American-Greek staff talks, Greek request for, 56–57, 60–61; military aid to Greece, 213; military situation in Greece, 78; North Atlantic pact, Greek interest in participation in, 215n; regrets regarding wounding of Lt. Col. Darnell, 122; sealing of northern frontiers, proposed, 51–52; surplus property agreement with the United States, Jan. 6, 7–8; U.N. armed forces to protect UNSCOB observers, request for, 260–262; U.N. Charter, proposed invocation of Art. 51 of the, 262n; U.N. General Assembly consideration of Greek case, 276; U.N. Special Committee on the Balkans, 247–249, 257, 259–262, 267–268; U.S. guarantee of Greece, 61; U.S. policy toward Greece, 54
• Denmark, 456, 463–465, 567, 571, 587, 780
• Dennett, Raymond, 744
• Dennyes, Lajos, 394
• de Panafieu, François, 364
• Dewey, Thomas E., 932
• Dickstein, Samuel, 1036n, 1037, 1044–1045
• Dillon, Robert A., 576
• Dimitrov, Gheorghi, 30, 285–287, 293n, 294–295, 297–299, 388, 1074, 1089
• Dimitrov, G. M., 377, 421n, 427–428
• Dimitrov, Joseph, 368
• Dinbergs, Anatol, 430
• Dion, Father Louis Ferdinand, 867–868
• Displaced Persons Act of 1948, 403n
• Displaced persons, U.S. policy regarding voluntary repatriation of, 906–908
• Ditlef, Nils C., 777n
• Djilas, Milovan, 1090–1091, 1103, 1108
• Dombovski, R., 934
• Dominican Republic, 434
• Donovan, 784–785
• Douglas, Lewis, 45n, 53n, 115–117, 375–376, 462, 473–475, 536n, 554, 560, 562, 579–580, 624n, 736–737, 768, 861, 889–890, 1078
• Down, Maj. Gen. Ernest E., 162–163, 177, 218
• Doyle, Michael Francis, 867–868
• Draper, William H., 150, 546, 1085–1088, 1092, 1095
• Drew, Gerald A., 165–166, 181, 225–226, 229n, 238, 239n, 240, 242–245, 246n, 255, 261–262, 265, 267–268, 278
• Dufault, Father, 867–868
• Dulles, Allen, 399
• Dulles, John Foster, 932
• Dunham, Donald C., 382
• Dunn, James C., 301, 353–354
• Dunning, Berkov, 639, 642, 655, 667, 675, 678, 684, 687, 691, 693, 695, 699, 705, 707, 710, 713, 716
• Durbron, Elbridge, 789, 792n, 796, 803, 858–859, 862–867, 869–876, 888, 890n
• Dustmann, Walter H., Jr., 639, 655–660, 667–671, 675–680, 684–685, 687–691, 693–697, 699–702, 705–708, 710–719
• Dutch Navigation Company, 603
• Dzvonchik, Archbishop Joseph Onisim, 904–905
• East Prussia, 877
• Eastern Europe Economic Working Party (EWP) of the Department of State, 498n, 509, 511
• Eastern European exile leaders and organizations, attitude of the United States toward, 396–435
• Eaton, Charles A., 96
• Economic Commission for Europe (ECE):
  • Ad hoc committee on trade and industrial reconstruction, 557–558, 570; British position, 558; meeting at Geneva, Sept. 21–Oct. 5, 570n; resolution recommending establishment of a committee on the development of trade, 570–572; Soviet position, 559, 560n, 571–572; U.S. position, 557–561, 571–572
  • Austrian representation, 613
  • Danube commission, relationship to, 665, 706
  • Danube conference and conventions, U.S. policy regarding, 725
  • Reports, 557, 559n
  • Sessions, 556–557
  • Soviet proposal regarding trade and industrial development, 556–557
  • U.S. position, 690
• Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, 356, 469, 546, 554, 562, 564, 568
• Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), 53n, 78n, 85, 88–91, 109–111, 149, 185, 204, 221, 476, 478–480, 542, 544, 548, 554, 561–562, 564, 566–570, 576–578, 584–591, 725, 727, 732
• Economic policy of the United States. see Foreign economic policy of the United States.
• Economou-Gouras, Paul, 236n
• Egypt, 72, 439n, 474, 709
• Ehrenburg, Ilya Gregoryevich, 932
• Einopekkala, 785
• Eire. see Ireland.
• Eisenhower, Gen. of the Army Dwight D., 37
• Elbrick, C. Burke, 421–424, 531, 805–806
• Elizabeth, Princess, 401n
• El Salvador, 709
• Emmet, Christopher, 1036n
• Enckell, Carl, 759n, 760–765, 767–771, 773–774, 777, 785–786
• English, Benedict M., 364, 816
• Epirus, Northern. see under Greece: Albania.
• Eremin (Yeremin), I.A., 952, 1002n, 1017
• Erhardt, John G., 625–626, 632–633, 721, 905–906, 1087
• Erkin, Feridun Cemal, 148–150, 173
• Estonia. see Baltic States.
• European Commission of the Danube, 648, 665, 692, 694, 713, 719n
• European Recovery Program (ERP) (Marshall Plan) (see also under individual countries), 4, 12, 14, 20, 49, 60, 62, 69, 73–74, 76–77, 81, 88, 126, 248, 293, 295, 299, 309, 313, 337, 347, 355–356, 417, 440, 471, 490–494, 496–499, 502, 506–507, 512–513, 516–519, 524, 526–527, 529, 536–537, 539–541, 548, 553, 558–559, 561–562, 565, 572, 577–578, 582, 584, 656, 692, 739, 766, 778, 780, 834–837, 843, 851, 884–885, 940, 946, 1050–1057
• Evatt, Herbert V., 228
• Ewing, Donald F., 365–366
• Export-Import Bank of Washington (see also Poland: Export-import Bank loan (1946)), 515n, 524, 576, 766, 787
• Fadeyev, Alexander Alexandrovich, 913
• Fagerholm, K. A., 761–764, 772, 781, 785–787
• Far East, 469, 473–477, 479, 909–910
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 56, 1024, 1028, 1031, 1033, 1036, 1043, 1046–1047, 1049–1050, 1052
• Federal Reserve Act, 1058
• Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1, 29–30, 68, 73–74, 830, 1058–1059
• Federal reserve system, 515n
• Ferguson, C. Vaughn, 382
• Fierlinger, Zdenĕk, 741
• Finland:
  • Allied Control Commission, 759, 917
  • British air services to, 439
  • Communist Party, 760, 762, 777, 779, 783
  • Elections, 759–760, 762–763, 765, 770–777, 779, 781, 783–784
  • Export controls. see under Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe.
  • Export-Import Bank credits, 787
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 504, 576–578, 787
  • Lend-lease credits, 505
  • National independence of, U.S. interest in maintenance of, 759–787
  • Sale of U.S. war surplus locomotives, question of, 781
  • Soviet Union: Coastal guns on Gulf of Finland, Soviet request for demobilization of, 768; nonaggression agreements (1939), Finnish refusal to sign, 766; relations with, 617n, 764, 787; reparations to, 567, 759–760, 762, 783–784; Soviet policy toward Finland, 759–760, 766, 768, 784–786; Soviet pressure and threats, 750, 759, 766; trade negotiations, 787; treaty of friendship and military alliance, Soviet proposal for, 759–776, 780; treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance with the Soviet Union, Apr. 6, 776–782, 784, 845–847
  • Sweden, relations with, 769
  • United Nations, question of membership in, 767
  • U.S. air services to, 453, 460–461
  • U.S. credits, 781
  • U.S. policy toward, 500
• Fisher, Allan J., 576
• Fisher, Wayne W., 369–370
• Fletcher-Cooke, P., 709
• Florian, John, 373n
• Flournoy, Richard W., 805
• Ford, Peyton, 915
• Foreign Agents Registration Act, 405
• Foreign Assistance Act of 1948, 110, 185–186, 542n, 546n, 554n, 564n, 778n
• Foreign Bondholders Protective Council, 815
• Foreign economic policy of the United States, 356, 492–493, 495, 499; military aid priorities, 192; mobilization, proposals regarding, 8, 49, 93–95; most-favored-nation treatment, 340; nondiscrimination policies, 340; strategic export lists, 478, 540, 543; strategic stockpile program, 554, 563–564, 579
• Foreign Policy Association, 399
• Foreign purchasing commissions in the United States, U.S. policy toward, 915–916
• Forrestal, James: Economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey, 216; Greek armed forces, size and support of, 158, 167, 171–172, 178; military aid priorities, 192n; military aid to Greece, 206; military aid to Turkey, 20n, 134, 171–172; public speeches by military officers, 897n; return by Soviet Union of merchant and naval vessels, 950, 959n, 1003; trade with Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 512n, 523n, 525, 550, 564; UNSCOB, personnel and equipment for, 238; U.S. military power in Greece, U.S. position regarding use of, 95n; U.S. policy toward Greece, 8; U.S. strategic interests in Greece and Turkey, 191
• Foster, William C., 546, 1095
• Fotić (Fotitch), Konstantin, 401, 413, 417, 418n
• France (see also under Civil aviation policy of the United States toward Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, Czechoslovakia: Communist seizure of power, Germany, and Greek frontier, Northern: UNSCOB): Committee on the development of trade (ECE), 570–571; Communist movement, 4, 49; Communist Party participation in the establishment of the Cominform, 499n; Communist strikes, 889; Czechoslovak government in exile, possible attitude toward, 427; lend-lease settlement, 982, 1003; London conference on Germany, 884; Romanian nationalization program, protests regarding, 370; Soviet cause in, 298; Soviet directions to French Communist Party, 833, 844; Sovietization of, 296; trade with Poland, 529; trade with Soviet bloc, 567, 586; U.S. policy toward, 665; Western European union, 845, 856
• Franco, Gen. Francisco, 746n
• Franges, Ivan, 412–413
• Franks, Sir Oliver, 147, 629, 926–927
• Frederika, Queen of Greece, 106, 162
• Freedom of navigation. see Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube.
• Freers, Edward Louis, 995
• French Danube Navigation Company, 603, 606
• French Indochina, 837
• Gafenco, Grigore, 396–399, 410, 431, 432n
• Gallman, Waldemar J., 311–312, 438–439, 572–574
• Ganovsky, Sava, 368–369
• Garner, James W., 714
• Garr, Ruth V., 369–370
• Gaston, Herbert E., 575
• Gavrilović Milan, 421n
• George, J. M., 524
• German aggression, U.S. offer to Soviet Union of 20-year mutual guarantee pact against, 877–878
• German Danube, 650
• Germany (see also Berlin, Soviet blockade of):
  • Anglo-American zones of occupation (Bizonia), 149, 345, 529, 567, 860n, 1110
  • British zone of occupation, 439, 442, 445, 447, 455, 460
  • Control Council, 349
  • Danube commission, prewar rights on, 633
  • East-West break over, 757
  • French policy toward, 884–885
  • French zone of occupation, 349, 455, 460
  • German assets abroad, negotiations concerning, 360, 1062
  • Italian elections, impact of, 843
  • Looted gold, negotiations concerning, 1062
  • Occupation policies, Soviet noncooperation in implementing, 878
  • Occupying powers, 630n, 661
  • Peace settlement or treaty, 629, 688n, 690, 692, 725–727
  • Rearmament, question of, 470
  • Reparations deliveries, 522, 536n, 877
  • Soviet policy toward, 298, 338, 837, 878, 889
  • Soviet zone of occupation (East Germany), 294, 444n, 500, 814n, 820–828, 844, 920, 1082
  • U.S. interests in, 354, 500
  • U.S. zone of occupation: Civil air services of Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, restrictions on, 439, 442–443, 445–447, 455, 460; Crown of St. Stephen, question regarding transfer of, 366n; Czechoslovak transit trade, proposed suspension of, 740, 742; Danube navigation, 610, 626, 657; Greek prewar Danube ships, 603; Horthy family, departure of, 367; Hungarian repatriation mission, expulsion of, 328n; problems in, 728; restitution program, 328n, 349, 360; Soviet citizens prisoners in, proposed exchange for U.S. citizens prisoners in the Soviet Union, 902, 906–908, 942; trade with Soviet bloc, 587
  • Western zones of occupation (West Germany or Trizonia): Currency reform program, 889; Danube commission or convention, policy toward new, 725; Soviet reaction, 920; tripartite negotiations (United States-United Kingdom-France), 861n; West German government, 910
• Gerö, Ernö, 326
• Gilmore, Eddy Lanier King, 824, 926
• Gitchev, Dimiter, 291–292
• Glasheen, Terence G., 233–234
• Glendinning, C. Dillon, 576–577
• Goffin, Louis, 885n
• Golubov (Potapov), Vladimir Ilich, 798
• Gomulka, Wladyslan, 528, 1109
• Goonetilleke, Sir Oliver, 574
• Gordon, Thomas S., 402
• Gorkin, A. F., 812–813
• Gottwald, Klement, 734n, 736n, 750, 754–755, 757, 852
• Govarov, Marshal Leonid Alexandrovich, 916
• Grady, Henry F.: Ambassador in Greece, responsibilities as, 90–91, 111; Greek armed forces, question [Page 1132] regarding size and support of, 131–132, 142–144, 150–155, 160–162, 168–171, 179n, 182, 187–191, 193–194, 210–212, 218, 220; military aid to Greece, 182, 187–191, 193–194, 213; military situation in Greece, 176–177, 184; political situation in Greece, 112, 180–181, 183, 186–187; Soviet peace overtures, 117, 120–121; Soviet tactics in U.N. General Assembly, 138–141; U.S. Air Force Group in Greece, 130n
• Grant, Robert A., 534n
• Grant, Lt. Col. Walter H., 132–134
• Greater Syria, 294
• Greece (see also Greek Frontier, Northern):
  • Agreement between the Department of State and ECA, June 24, regarding relationships in Greece, 109–111
  • Agricultural rehabilitation program, 38
  • Aid Program (PL 75), 73–74, 76–77, 88, 90–91, 93, 110–111, 125, 144, 146, 158, 177–178, 181–182, 184–185, 223, 227; Policy Planning Staff report on, 195–204
  • Air Force (Royal Hellenic Air Force), 39, 45, 87, 128, 130, 136, 142–143, 146, 153, 155, 157, 160, 164, 168, 179, 190, 209–210; Greek request for bombers for, 123–124, 127, 133
  • Albania:
    • Diplomatic relations, Albanian willingness to resume, 118, 248–249, 251; Soviet support for, 275; U.N. General Assembly resolution regarding, 277–278
    • Frontier conventions, U.N. General Assembly resolution regarding, 277–278
    • Northern Epirus, Greek claim to, 115
    • State of war, continuation of, 67, 249
  • American Mission for Aid to Greece (AMAG), 1, 14, 28–29, 38, 58, 60, 67, 73–74, 76–77, 78n, 88–91, 96, 104, 109–111, 126–129, 131, 136, 150, 156, 162–163, 177, 188
  • Arab states, relations with, 42
  • Armed attack on, proposed U.S. policy regarding, 175, 208
  • Armed forces, size and support of, 37–39, 44–45, 55–56, 63–64, 127, 130–133, 135–137, 144–147, 150–158, 160–162, 168–171, 178–179, 187–191, 193–194, 196, 200, 205, 210–212, 218, 220–221; U.S. policy regarding, 132–137, 142–144, 146, 150–151, 156, 159, 165–170, 178–179, 181–182, 227
  • Balance of payments, 159
  • Bank of Greece, 29n, 73
  • British advisers, 227–228
  • British aid, 44, 228
  • British guarantee of Greek integrity (1939–1940), 41, 61
  • British Military Mission, 147
  • British policy toward Greece, 30, 33, 82n, 147, 221, 843
  • British troops in Greece, suspension of withdrawal of, 3, 47
  • British-U.S. consultations, 220–221
  • Bulgaria:
    • Diplomatic relations, Bulgarian willingness to resume, 106–107, 118, 248, 251, 889; Soviet support for, 275; U.N. General Assembly resolution regarding, 277–278
    • Frontier conventions, U.N. General Assembly resolution concerning, 277–278
    • Greek policy toward, proposals regarding, 321
    • Greek territory, Bulgarian claim to, 200
    • Political refugees from Bulgaria, proposal regarding Greek utilization of, 321
  • Cyprus, Greek claim to, 115, 121
  • Czech air services to Greece, 439n, 442, 476–478, 480
  • Danube Convention of 1921, signatory of, 621, 662–663
  • Dodecanese Islands, question regarding Greek military use of, 116–117
  • Eastern Mediterranean bloc, Greek proposal regarding formation of, 41–43, 60–71, 79, 160, 215n; Arab states reaction, 72, 79; British reaction, 70, 71n, 79; Italian reaction, 79; Turkish reaction, 70–72, 79, 149; U.S. reaction, 70–72, 79–80, 215n.
  • Economic aid to Greece, 1, 26, 35–36, 47–50, 62, 76, 143, 191, 203, 206, 209, 215–216, 219, 228
  • Economic Cooperation Administration Mission in Greece, 89, 91, 110–111, 131, 152n.
  • Economic cooperation agreement with the United States, July 2, 60, 114, 136
  • Economic cooperation assistance program, 143, 146, 161, 177, 180, 189, 213, 221
  • Economic reforms, 1, 6, 28–29, 33, 74, 199, 201–202
  • Economic situation, 3, 37, 44, 66–68, 1125–1126, 177, 191, 196–197, 199, 207
  • Enlisted Conscript Training Course (ESSO) trainees, 151
  • European Recovery Program, questions regarding Greek relationship to, 35, 45n, 53–54, 73–74, 76–78, 81, 88–91, 109–111, 157, 159, 197
  • Foreign exchange: Deficit, 136, 197; earnings, 135, 146; holdings, 38
  • French guarantee of Greek integrity, proposal regarding, 61
  • Gendarmerie, role and size of, 128, 135–136, 143, 153, 155, 157, 160
  • Gold held by Federal Reserve Bank, 1, 29–30, 68, 73–74
  • Greek General Staff, 54, 114, 154–155, 218
  • Guerrillas:
    • Air operations by, possibility of, 78–79
    • Free Greek Government (First Provisional Democratic Government of Free Greece): Establishment of, 3–4, 10, 19, 21, 32, 48, 62, 66, 223, 233, 844; Greek Government position, 31–32; recognition by Soviet Union or Soviet satellites, question of, 3–4, 7, 10–11, 15–19, 25, 31–34, 40–41, 48, 50, 62–63, 222–223, 233, 263, 1055–1056; U.S. position, 18–19, 31–33
    • Intervention by or aid from the Soviet Union or Soviet satellites, considerations regarding the possibility of, 4, 7, 10–13, 16–17, 27, 39, 42, 44, 48, 62–63, 66–67, 73, 93–94, 122–123, 134, 163, 166–168, 200, 206–208, 222–223, 225, 229, 235–236, 238, 240, 242–243, 251–252, 255, 258–260, 262n, 268, 271, 273–274, 282, 321, 338, 1055, 1070
    • Military activities, 6, 10, 21, 37, 43–44, 47–48, 54, 57, 66–67, 103, 105, 108–109, 118, 122–123, 125–126, 128–133, 135, 140–141, 146, 150, 154–158, 168–170, 177, 188–189, 196–199, 202, 206–209, 211, 227–228, 264, 320
    • Peace rumors and feelers, 80–81, 100–102, 105–107, 113, 118–119, 249
  • Import program, 38, 161
  • Inflation, 28–29, 44, 67, 73, 161, 177, 196, 213n
  • Italian elections, impact of, 65–70, 72–73, 81n
  • Italian peace treaty, Soviet interest in any Greek violation of, 116
  • Italy: Reparations settlement, 43, 69; war against (1940), 12, 61, 67; war criminals, delivery of, 43
  • Joint Anglo-American-Greek staff talks, Greek request for, 56–57, 60–61, 65
  • Macedonia, Yugoslav-Bulgarian claims to, 200
  • Martial law, declaration of, 183
  • Military aid to Greece, 1, 3–5, 26, 32, 35, 37–39, 45–50, 52–53, 63–64, 76, 84, 102–105, 107, 124–130, 132–137, 142–146, 150–160, 178, 182, 184–194, 197, 201, 203–204, 206, 210–213, 215–216, 218–221, 228
    • Joint United States Military Advisory and Planning Group (Greece) (JUSMAPG), 37n, 67, 73, 87, 96, 127n, 147, 153, 160, 177n, 182, 187–188, 191, 205, 210–212, 227–228
    • U.S. Air Force Group in Greece, 127, 130
    • U.S. armed intervention, Greek proposal regarding, 31
    • U.S. Army Group in Greece (USAGG), 37n, 38, 46, 96, 105, 125, 127n, 130, 222
    • U.S. Military Survey Mission, 27, 28n
    • U.S. Navy Group in Greece, 46, 53, 127n, 130
    • U.S. troops to Greece, considerations regarding possible despatch of, 5, 8–13, 15, 17, 22–23, 25, 27, 39–40, 49, 64–65, 93, 95, 98–100, 205, 207–209
  • Military budget, 1, 44, 160–161, 211
  • Military situation, 19, 37n, 66, 106, 109, 112, 120, 122–129, 131–133, 135–136, 137n, 139–144, 146–147, 150, 153–156, 158–159, 162–171, 170–178, 182, 188, 196–198, 202, 206, 208–212, 218–219, 238, 245, 253, 259–262
  • National Army: Activities and capabilities of, 3, 48–49, 66, 81, 93–94, 96, 103–105, 107–108, 122–124, 128, 131–132, 136, 151–157, 160, 162–166, 168, 170, 177–179, 181–184, 189–190, 198, 200–202, 206–207, 209–212, 221, 253, 257, 259, 262, 264, 271, 274; operational advice to, 47, 95–96; reorganization of, 19, 120; U.S. policy toward, 132–137, 142–144, 146
  • National Defense Corps (National Guard), 19, 63–64, 66, 103, 128, 133, 135–136, 142–143, 146, 150–153, 210–212
  • Navy, 46, 87, 128, 136, 142–143, 145–146, 153, 155, 157, 160, 190, 209–210; British interest in, 128, 145; British loan of ships to, 142
  • North Atlantic pact, Greek interest in participation in, 215n
  • Pact with Turkey and Iran, proposal regarding, 173
  • Political prisoners, execution of, 74–75, 82–83, 85–87, 114, 140–141; British reaction, 82–83, 87n; Romanian protest, 86; Soviet reaction, 85–86, 91–92, 139; U.S. position, 119–120
  • Political situation (see also Guerrillas, supra ):
    • Elections: Possibility of, 134, 138, 227; proposal for international supervision of, 225, 227
    • Greek Communist Party (KKE), 3–4, 44, 74n, 80–81, 91–93, 138; outlawry of, 226
    • Greek Government:
      • Changes in, 57–58, 81–82, 112–113, 180–181, 186–187
      • Coalition government, 36, 58, 67, 81, 112, 179–180, 186, 190–200, 227; resignation and reappointment of, 183n; U.S. support for, 96–97, 134, 137–138, 180–181, 183
      • Status of, 3, 6, 48
    • Liberal Party, 58–59, 81n, 112, 137–138, 179, 181, 183
    • National Liberation Front (EAM), 74n
    • National Union Party, 81n
    • “New Party,” 186n
    • Populist Party, 58, 81n, 112, 137, 179, 181, 183
    • Reforms, proposals regarding, 6
    • Security arrests, 58–60, 82
  • Public health program, 38
  • Reconstruction Finance Corporation advance ($50 million), 56
  • Reconstruction program, 38, 44, 104, 126, 161, 213
  • Refugee problem, 1, 6, 26, 28, 59, 104, 189, 197, 199, 212, 219
  • Relief assistance, 76
  • Royal Hellenic Air Force (RHAF). see Air Force, supra .
  • Royal House, 161–162
  • Soviet Union: Efforts to obtain control over Greece, 2–6, 9, 11, 17–18, 39–40, 47, 49–50, 71–72, 100, 144, 181, 200, 202–203, 206–207, 219–220, 242, 298, 319–321, 323, 837, 840, 843, 909, 1111; peace feelers, 102, 105n, 106–108, 113, 115–118, 129, 249; policy toward Greece, 30, 94, 121, 248, 855, 1085
  • Supreme Council of National Defense, 177, 201n
  • Territorial integrity and political independence: Greek concern regarding, 31, 143; threats to, 63, 252, 271–272, 274, 276–277; U.S. support for, 2, 6; 10, 18, 25, 47, 61–62, 128–129, 133, 136–137, 224, 236, 241
  • Trade with Soviet bloc, 567, 587
  • Turkey: Customs union with, proposed, 43; relations with, 42
  • U.N. Security Council, Greek desire to seek election to, 261
  • U.S. guarantee of Greece and Turkey, 41–43, 61, 71
  • U.S. interest in, 354
  • U.S. military power in Greece: Relationship to the United Nations, 99–101; U.S. position regarding use of, 93–95, 98–101, 205–208
  • U.S. policy toward, 2–7, 8–18, 21–28, 32–33, 36, 39–41, 46–52, 54–55, 65–67, 73, 124, 128, 144, 189–190, 196, 259, 261, 320, 665, 704
  • U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, information concerning, 862n
  • U.S. strategic interests in, 128, 158–159, 184–186, 189, 191–192, 212, 219
  • Varkiza agreement between the Greek Government and the National Liberation Front (EAM) (1945), 74–75, 92
  • Western European union, Greek relationship to, 43, 185
  • Yugoslavia: Frontier conventions, U.N. General Assembly resolution concerning, 277–278; relations with, 34, 251, 275
• Greek Frontier, Northern:
  • Albania: Greek guerrillas, questions concerning Albanian aid to and refuge for, 63, 67, 78, 122–123, 131–133, 143, 163, 166–168, 206–208, 235–236, 238, 240, 245, 251–252, 255, 256n, 258–259, 263–268, 271–274, 298, 319, 1055; peace feelers, 249; Soviet intervention with Albania, Greek request for, 256, 263; tripartite (U.S.-U.K.-French) approach to, 256–257, 263–265; UN. observers in, 198
  • Bulgaria: Aid to Greek guerrillas, question of, 63, 122, 166–167, 208, 235–236, 245, 251–252, 255, 256n, 263, 265–268, 271–274, 282, 298, 319, 323, 371, 374–376, 378, 381, 1055; peace feelers, 249; U.N. condemnation of, 374; U.N. observers in, proposal for, 198
  • Cease-fire proposals, 138
  • Foreign troops, Greek request for, 225
  • Sealing of northern frontier, Greek proposals regarding, 51–52, 156, 321–322, 335–336
  • United Nations:
    • Actions pertaining to, 163, 202, 219, 236
    • Economic sanctions against Greece’s northern neighbors, Greek proposal regarding, 247–248, 267–268
    • General Assembly:
      • Australian resolution, 277
      • Belgian resolution, 277–278
      • Diplomatic relations between Greece, Albania, and Bulgaria, resolution concerning restoration of, 277–278
      • Frontier conventions between Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia, resolution concerning, 277–278
      • Greek children, resolution regarding repatriation of, 277–278
      • Greek political and territorial integrity, deliberations concerning threats to, 1n, 11, 40, 50–51, 54, 138, 144, 181, 223, 229–230, 239, 245–248, 252–255, 258, 262–263, 268–269, 277–278, 381, 502
      • Resolution of Oct. 21, 1947, 4, 7, 10–11, 16, 25, 33, 40–41, 44, 48, 50–51, 63, 222–224, 226, 229, 233, 235, 241–242, 244, 251–253, 255–256, 268, 271–274, 276
      • Soviet position and resolution, 102, 106, 113, 118–119, 138–141, 230, 275–277
      • Special session on Greece, proposal for, 226, 232–233, 240–243
      • UNSCOB recommendations, 268–269, 1072
      • U.S. draft resolution, 166, 269–273; British-French-Chinese joint sponsorship of, 269, 273–277; Greek attitude toward, 269–270, 273n, 276
      • Yugoslav position, 1114
    • Observers on frontier, proposal for, 198
    • Security Council:
      • Deliberations during 1947, 3, 223; Soviet veto, 11, 48, 258, 879
      • Firing by Greek guerrillas from foreign territory, Greek proposal regarding response to, 258
      • Referral of Greek case to, consideration of, 11, 48, 230
  • U.S. initiative at the United Nations, 222–278, 281n, 282n
  • Yugoslavia: Aid and assistance to Greek guerrillas, reports regarding, 62–63, 78, 122n, 163, 166–168, 207–208, 235–236, 245, 251–252, 255, 256n, 263, 265–268, 271–274, 298, 319, 1055, 1070–1072, 1082, 1085, 1090, 1094, 1098, 1104; claim td Macedonia, 200; U.N. observers in, proposal for, 198
  • U.N. Charter, proposals regarding invocation of Art. 51 of, 4, 16–17, 24, 31, 175, 208, 237, 262n, 270, 276, 322
  • U.N. Security Council Commission of Investigation, 4, 16, 224
  • U.N. Special Committee on the Balkans (UNSCOB):
    • Activities of, 4, 7, 10–11, 16, 48, 51–52, 106, 123, 124n, 167, 222–278
    • Albania: Cooperation with UNSCOB, question of, 224, 226, 235, 245, 251–253, 264–265, 272, 274; economic sanctions against, proposal for, 247–248, 267–268; Greek children, questions concerning removal to, 250; Greek provocations, Albanian protests regarding, 230–231, 240; UNSCOB démarche to, 257; UNSCOB report regarding, 268–269
    • Australian position, 225–228, 229n, 230–234, 241, 243, 245, 251n, 253n
    • Brazilian position, 222–223, 229n, 234, 239, 243–244, 251n
    • British position, 243, 251n
    • Bulgaria: Cooperation with UNSCOB, question of, 224, 226, 235, 245, 251–252, 265, 272, 274; economic sanctions against, proposal for, 247–248, 267–268; Greek children, questions concerning removal to, 250; Greek provocations, Bulgarian protest regarding, 230–231, 371; UNSCOB report regarding, 268–269, 381
    • Chinese position, 229n, 239n, 243, 251n, 267n
    • Conciliation role of, 225–226, 230–234, 238, 240, 246, 251, 256n, 277
    • French position, 243, 251n
    • Greek attitude toward, 224n, 236, 247–248, 251, 257, 260, 264, 267–268
    • Greek children removed from guerrilla territory: Greek attitude toward, 253–254, 276; U.S. position, 249–250, 254–255, 276
    • Guerrilla firing from foreign territory, Greek proposal regarding response to, 257–260
    • Mexican position, 229n, 239n, 242–244, 251n, 253n, 260, 266
    • Netherlands position, 242, 251n, 265n, 266
    • Observer groups: Proposals regarding, 224–225, 229, 232, 234, 236–239, 241–244, 246–247, 250, 256, 266, 274, 277; U.N. armed guards for, proposed, 260–262, 266–267
    • Pakistani position, 229n, 234, 241, 243, 251n, 253n
    • Reports, 106, 113, 225, 233, 236, 238–239, 243–249, 251–252, 254–255, 262–263, 265–271, 273–275, 376, 466, 1072
    • Soviet attitude toward, 235
    • Terms of reference, 224, 229, 234, 240–244
    • U.S. policy toward, 222–232, 235–250, 251n, 253–257, 260–267
    • Yugoslavia: Cooperation with UNSCOB, question of, 224, 226, 235, 245, 251–252, 265–266, 272, 274; economic sanctions against, proposal for, 247–248, 267–268; Greek children, questions concerning removal to, 250; UNSCOB recommendations regarding, 268–269; Yugoslav position in the United Nations, proposal regarding suspension of, 247
• Greek-Turkish aid bill, 149
• Green, Paul H., 369–370
• Greenberg, Joseph, 815–816
• Greenland, 464
• Gregory, Sir Henry, 364
• Griffis, Stanton, 519–521, 528–530, 572n, 814–815
• Grigaitis, Pius, 402–404
• Grigoru (Gregory), Metropolitan, 839–840
• Griswold, Dwight P.: American Mission for Aid to Greece, Chief of, 53–54, 76–77, 89, 91, 110; European Recovery Program, relationship to Greek aid program, 90; Greek coalition government, U.S. support for, 96–97; Greek gold held by Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 29–30, 68; Italian elections, impact of, 65–68; Maj. Gen. Livesay, request for return to the United States, 37n; military situation in Greece, 106; operational advice to Greek armed forces, 96n; political situation in Greece, 112–113; resignation of, 53; Soviet peace offensive, 107–108; Tass propaganda regarding, 107; U.S. military aid to Greece, 1, 28–29, 36–39, 63–64, 102–105, 109; U.S. policy toward Greece, 26, 28–29, 65–67
• Gros, André, 620, 693, 722
• Grosfeld, Adam, 528–530
• Gross, Ernest A., 15–18, 902n, 1030, 1044–1045
• Groza, Petru, 412
• Gruber, Karl, 628, 631
• Gusyev (Gusev), Fedor Tarasovich, 934
• Hackworth, Green H., 687, 714
• Hadsel, Fred L., 543n, 649
• Hague Court. see Permanent Court of International Justice.
• Haislip, Lt. Gen. Wade H., 218
• Hamilton, Maxwell McG., 787
• Hancock, Patrick, 429
• Hankey, Robert Maurice Alers, 889–890
• Hankinson, Sir Walter C., 580n
• Hare, Raymond A., 130, 132n, 145, 187n
• Härmä, Erkki, 774, 784
• Harper, Maj. Gen. A. M., 39, 45, 55, 64–65
• Harriman, W. Averell, 111, 411, 472, 490, 506–508, 511n, 512, 515, 523n, 525, 536, 542n, 545–546, 557n, 560–562, 564, 568–570, 579, 584–585, 589, 821, 1086–1088, 1092, 1094–1095, 1097
• Harrington, Lt. Col. Davis O., 400–401
• Harvey, Sir Oliver, 737
• Harway, Maxwell, 593n
• Havlik, Hubert F., 1069
• Hays, Maj. Gen. George P., 942n
• Heath, Donald R., 280, 282–287, 291–292, 303n, 304–305, 314–316, 319–323, 332–336, 368–371, 375–380, 381n, 388–390
• Hebrang, Andrije, 1070, 1074, 1089–1090, 1102–1103
• Heljas, Lennart, 772–774, 783, 785
• Helm, Alexander Knox, 306, 313–314
• Henderson, Loy W.: Eastern Mediterranean bloc, Greek proposals regarding, 71n; Free Greek government, questions regarding recognition of, 31–32; Iran, Soviet charges regarding activities of U.S. military missions in, 902–903; joint Anglo-American-Greek staff talks, Greek request for, 56–57, 60–61; political situation in Greece, 112; sealing of northern frontier, Greek proposal for, 51–52; Soviet peace overture, 117; UNSCOB role and activities, 235, 248n; U.S. guarantee of Turkish integrity, 83; U.S. policy toward Greece, 9–15, 22, 24, 39–41, 54; U.S, policy toward the Soviet Union; 862n; U.S. troops in Greece, question regarding, 64–65, 99n
• Herman, Samuel, 912n
• Hickerson, John D.:
  • Balkan federation, Soviet policy toward, 298n
  • Balkan satellites, U.S. policy toward, 312n
  • Baltic States, present and future status of, 396n
  • Bulgaria, U.S. relations with, 286, 388–389
  • Conference consider the free navigation of the Danube, 595–596, 728, 730–731
  • Czechoslovakia, situation in, 757n
  • Defection of Russian teachers in New York, 1045n
  • Diplomatic representatives from the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, U.S. policy regarding, 318–319
  • Finland, U.S. relations with, 786–787
  • Greece: U.S. military mission in, 147; U.S. military power in, 98–99; U.S. policy toward, 15
  • Hungary, U.S. relations with, 373, 391–392, 395
  • Latvia, U.S. relations with, 430–431
  • Romania, U.S. relations with, 301n, 392–393, 416n, 418n
  • Soviet Union: Lend-lease pipeline agreement with, 997–1000; U.S. efforts to cooperate with, 876–879; U.S. relations with, 796, 803, 825–828, 830–831, 888n
  • Yugoslavia, U.S. relations with, 1056–1057, 1067, 1117–1118
• Hilton, Maj. Gen. Richard, 790
• Hiltunen, 774, 782–783
• Hitler, Adolf, 19, 30, 739
• Hodža, Fedor, 414–416, 424
• Hoffman, Michael, 559–560
• Hoffman, Paul G., 73, 76, 78n, 89–91, 109–111, 150, 195n, 464–465, 564–568, 577
• Hoguet, Peter W., 1036n
• Holmes, Julius C., 476–479
• Hooker, John S., 575
• Hooker, Robert G., Jr., 757n, 915–916, 978, 995–996, 998
• Hoover, Herbert, 527
• Hoover, J. Edgar, 915, 1024–1030
• Horowitz, 528–529
• Horthy, Adm. Nicholas (Miklos), 281, 367
• Houdry Process Corporation, 1018
• Howard, Harry N., 59, 165–166, 224, 239
• Howard, John B., 52–53, 60, 87
• Hoyer-Millar. see Millar, Frederick Robert Hoyer.
• Hull, Cordell, 965n
• Hulley, Benjamin M., 782n, 786–787
• Humelsine, Carlisle H., 183, 1069
• Hungarian exiled leaders and refugees, 435.
• Hungarian National Committee, 413, 435
• Hungarian-Soviet Civil Air Transport Company (Maszovlet), 442–443
• Hungary (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe):
  • Ajaka Electric Power Plant, nationalization of, 348
  • Allied Control Commission (council), 324, 394, 828
  • American military persons and Hungarian repatriates, U.S. protest regarding mistreatment of, 328–329, 444n
  • American press correspondents, difficulties of, 281
  • Army, 280
  • Arrest and sentencing of Bishop Ardass (1947), 394
  • Arrest of Cardinal Mindszenty, 393–395; U.S. statement regarding, 395
  • Calvinist Church, Communist pressure on, 326
  • Capital levy and levy on capital increases, 348
  • Catholic Church, Communist pressures on and quarrels with, 326–327, 336, 367, 383–385, 389–390, 394; U.S. position, 336
  • Civil aviation: Air services to the United Kingdom, 486; negotiations with the Netherlands, 442–443, 447; negotiations with the United States, 328, 346, 437–438, 443–445, 448, 457, 450–460
  • Claims by the United States against, 324–325, 328n, 320n, 341, 343, 343–345, 345–346, 357, 385n, 387
  • Communist Party, 295–296, 309n, 499n
  • Crown of St. Stephen, proposed transfer to Vatican of, 366–368
  • Danubian shipping, Soviet-Hungarian monopoly of, 346
  • Department of State Wireless Bulletin, Hungarian demand for licensing and censorship of, 280–281, 289; U.S. position, 289–291
  • Detention of American employees of the Hungarian-American Oil Company, 372–373, 391–392
  • Diplomatic missions in Budapest and Washington, size of, 794
  • Economic agreement between Hungary and the Soviet Union, 859n
  • Economic discrimination against the United States, 324, 340, 347–348
  • Economic policy and program, 308
  • Ex-enemy assets blocked in the United States, 323, 325, 341
  • Expropriation of American-owned properties, U.S. policy regarding, 341, 344
  • Ford Motor Company, forced liquidation of, 348, 386
  • German external assets in Hungary in which there was U.S. beneficial interest, U.S. representations regarding transfer to the Soviet Union, 344
  • Greece, absence of diplomatic relations with, 250
  • Greek children, question regarding removal from Greece to Hungary, 250
  • Greek guerrillas, aid and support for, 235, 281
  • Heads of mission (committee of ministers of the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union), question regarding meeting of, 314, 317–318, 323, 329–332, 359
  • Hungarian-American Oil Company (MAORT), U.S. protests regarding seizure and treatment of, 343–347, 372–373, 386, 391–392
  • Hungarian consulates in New York and Cleveland, considerations regarding possible closure of, 373
  • Hungarian Restitution Commission in U.S. zone of occupation in Germany, expulsion of, 328n, 385n, 444n
  • Hungarian-Soviet Mixed Commission, 344
  • Joint shipping companies, question of Soviet control over, 666, 669, 678–679, 681–682, 685, 700, 718, 723, 730
  • Joint Soviet-Hungarian Navigation Company (Meszhart), 679, 682
  • Legation aircraft Hungarian refusal to permit utilization of, 328, 437n, 444
  • Lutheran Church, Communist pressure on, 326
  • Military information under terms of peace treaty, Hungarian refusal of U.S. and British requests for, 305–307, 313–314, 317–318, 324–325, 331, 359
  • Mopex difficulties in motion picture distribution, 346
  • Most-favored-nation treatment, 348
  • Nationalization programs, 324, 328n, 341, 347–348, 361
  • Political situation, 279, 307–308, 337
  • Prewar bilateral treaties to be retained, U.S. notification regarding, 302, 325
  • Restitution shipments from the U.S. occupied zone of Germany, suspension of, 328–329, 339, 344–345, 352, 372, 385–387
  • Social Democratic Party, 295, 308
  • Soviet arrests of U.S. military attachés, U.S. protests regarding, 287–288, 295, 316–317
  • Soviet military occupation of, 280, 826, 828
  • Sovietization of, 279–280, 295–296, 307, 309, 337–338, 617n, 778, 828, 846
  • Soviet Union, Hungarian attitude toward, 281
  • Standard Electric, Rt., imposition or Communist directors of personnel, 346–347
  • Standard Oil Company, press attacks on, 347
  • Telfongyar, Rt., imposition of Communist directors of personnel, 346–347
  • Tito, attitude toward, 280
  • Treaty of peace, U.S. efforts to secure implementation of, 279–280, 305–306, 313–314, 317–318, 323–326, 329–332, 339–341, 344, 346–348, 354–362, 364–365, 385n, 390, 444n; Soviet position, 307n, 325–326, 360, 362
  • U.N. membership, application for, 359; U.S. opposition to, 362
  • U.S. concern for the welfare of the people of, 279, 312, 323, 352, 357–358
  • U.S. forces on Allied Control Commis-mission, withdrawal of, 324
  • U.S. interests in, protection of, 279, 310, 312, 343–348, 361, 372–373, 391–392
  • U.S. policy toward, 312, 338–339, 500
  • Vacuum Oil Company: Forced resignations from, 347; seizure of, 344
  • Voice of America, Hungarian campaign against, 365
  • Yugoslavia, relations with, 1101
• Huxley, Julian S., 913–914
• Iceland, 514, 567, 587
• Idman, Carl, 777–778
• India, 439n, 474, 487, 704
• Indonesia, 886
• Inönü, Ismet, 21n, 134–135, 216–218
• Interdepartmental committees on unclassified information and the export of unclassified technology, 503
• Interior, Department of the, 523n
• Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), 428
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (see also under Poland), 499; 504, 576–578, 706, 787, 1059
• International Catalytic Oil Process Corporation, 1018
• International Civil Aviation Conference at Chicago (1944), 457
• International Civil Aviation Organization, 447n, 451, 453–454, 457, 464–465
• International Commission of the Danube, 649, 694, 713n, 719n
• International Court of Justice (ICJ) (see also under Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube), 628, 660–662, 665, 672, 746, 1062–1063
• International Monetary Fund (IMF), 499, 1059
• International Peasants Union, 377, 405, 421–422, 519n
• International Refugee Organization, 400, 403
• International Standard Electric Corporation, 351
• International Telephone and Telegraph 351
• International Tin Study Group, 575
• International Trade Organization, 356, 491, 493–495, 497, 499, 510, 559
• Inverchapel, Lord, 30, 33, 220–221, 289, 595n, 602, 621n, 860–863
• Ioanitiu (Ioanitziu), Myrcea, 408–410
• Ioann, Archbishop of Alaska, 839
• Ioann, Archbishop of Brooklyn, 839
• Iran: Armed attack on, proposed U.S. policy concerning possible, 175; civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 474; Soviet efforts to obtain control of, 2, 4, 47, 750, 837, 840, 909, 947; Soviet Union, relations with, 174, 847; territorial integrity and political independence of, U.S. support for, 2, 47; U.S. military missions in, Soviet charges regarding activities of, 902–903; U.S. policy toward, 175
• Iraq, 72, 439n
• Ireland (Eire), 377, 567–568, 587
• Italian Committee of the Department of State, abolition of, 34
• Italian fleet, 843
• Italian government, Anglo-American-French support for, 68–73
• Italy:
  • Agreement on payments with the Soviet Union, 582n
  • Agreement on reparations with the Soviet Union, 582n, 583–584, 587–589
  • Agreement on trade with the Soviet Union, 582n, 583–584, 587–589
  • Civil aviation negotiations with Soviet satellites, 437n, 439n, 440–442, 445–447, 450, 455, 463
  • Communist Party: Control of Italy, considerations regarding possibility of, 61–62, 69, 73; participation in the establishment of the Cominform, 499n; role, 584; Soviet directions to, 844
  • Czechoslovak Communist coup, effect on Italy of, 736–737
  • Danube Convention of 1921, signatory of, 621, 662–663
  • Elections, 65–66, 68–70, 72–73, 81n, 337, 412, 440–441, 833–836, 843, 885–886, 1066, 1074, 1090
  • Greece: Eastern Mediterranean bloc, Greek proposal regarding, 41–42, 79; relations with, 42–43; war criminals, agreement with Greece regarding delivery of, 43
  • Military clauses of the peace treaty, U.S. efforts to prevent Soviet embarrassment of Italian government regarding implementation of, 317–318, 332, 358
  • Reparations to the Soviet Union, 69, 582–584, 877
  • Reparations to Yugoslavia, 69
  • Return of cargo vessel seized by the United States during World War II, 951, 956, 958
  • Soviet efforts to obtain control of, 2, 4, 47, 49, 55, 67, 208, 285n, 298
  • Soviet Union, relations with, 217, 219
  • Territorial integrity and political independence of, U.S. support for, 2, 47, 55
  • Trade with Poland, 529
  • Trade with Soviet bloc, 567, 582, 586–587
  • Treaty of commerce and navigation with the Soviet Union, Dec. 11, 582n
  • Trieste: Italian policy regarding, 1083; joint British-U.S.-French statement of Mar. 20 recommending return to Italy of, 1066
  • U.N. membership, application for, 377
  • U.S. policy toward, 355, 357, 665
  • War against Greece, World War II, 12
  • Yugoslav boundary dispute, 360
  • Yugoslav claims to Trieste, 298
• Ivanov, Dimiter, 291
• Japan, 149, 825, 841, 900, 935, 957
• Japanese aggression, U.S. offer to the Soviet Union of 20-year mutual guarantee pact, 877–878
• Jebb, Hubert Miles Gladwyn, 266, 268
• Jellicoe, Lord, 423–424, 427n, 622–623, 728
• Jernegan, John D., 41–43, 99n, 122n, 130–132, 145, 186, 187n, 194–195, 215n, 248n, 257, 259n
• Johnson, Herschel, 229
• Johnson, Valdemar W. L., 812n
• Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): Civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 436; economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey, 216–217, 220; Greek national army, questions regarding size of, 64, 220; Joint United States Military Advisory and Planning Group in Greece, 96; military aid priorities, 192; mobilization, position regarding, 95; U.S. military power in Greece, 93–95, 98, 99n; U.S. policy toward Greece, 8–9, 27, 39, 50; U.S. policy toward security of nations threatened by the Soviet Union and not members of North Atlantic defense arrangement, 176; U.S. strategic interests in Greece and Turkey, 158n, 159–160, 184, 191–192; [Page 1140] U.S. troops to Greece, position regarding despatch of, 95, 98, 99n
• Joliot-Curie, Mme. Iréné, 913n
• Juan of Spain, 398
• Jurgela, Constantine R., 402
• Justice, Department of, 525
• Jutila, Kalle T., 777, 781, 786–787
• Kahn, Albert E., 914
• Kaijalainen, 774
• Kaiv, Johannes, 396n, 399–400
• Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich, 916
• Kallinen, Yijö, 771–772, 774, 779–780, 783
• Kamenov, Evgeny, 303n, 663n
• Kardelj, Edvard, 1071, 1098, 1100, 1103, 1108, 1113–1114, 1117
• Kasenkina (Kasyenkina), Mrs. Oksana Stepanovna, 1024–1028, 1030–1039, 1041–1045, 1047–1050, 1052–1053
• Kauppi, Kalle, 780
• Kekkonen, Urho, 775, 781, 784
• Kennan, George F., 8n, 27–28, 99, 195n, 298n, 470, 472n, 479, 489n, 508n, 510–511, 564n, 822n, 860n, 861, 1117, 1118n
• Kennedy, Donald D., 575, 579
• Kenney, Gen. George C., 886, 897n
• Kerensky, Alexander Fedorovich, 1026
• Keyes, Lt. Gen. Geoffrey, 1085, 1087
• Khachaturyan, Aram Ilyich, 809–810, 949
• Khrapchenko, Mikhail B., 810
• Khrennikov, T., 949
• Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich, 801
• Kidrić, Boris, 1071, 1103
• Kiel Canal, 669
• Kilpi, Silvi-Kyllikki, 774, 782, 785
• Kirk, Adm. Alan G., 10, 222, 224, 229–234, 238–239
• Kirov, Sergey Mironovich, 917
• Kirsanov. S. P., 633
• Knapp, J. Burke, 575–577, 1019, 1069–1070
• Knollenberg, Bernard, 1017
• Knutson, Martha Andreevna, 1024–1025, 1033
• Koch, Henry, 524–526
• Koczak, Stephen, 384–385
• Kohler, Foy D., 581–582, 633, 918–925, 933–934, 947–949, 1110–1111
• Koivsta, Juko, 775, 785–786
• Kojansky, Alexander, 1027n
• Kolarov, Vasil, 303n, 332–336, 369, 370n, 371, 373–376, 379–381, 388–389
• Kopcsak, Lt. Col. Peter J., 287–288, 295, 316
• Korchinsky, Alexander, 1027, 1035–1036
• Korea, 484, 517, 826–828, 837, 878
• Kosanović, Sava, 1058, 1061, 1063–1065, 1098, 1106, 1117
• Kostov, Traicho, 333
• Kosygin, Alexey Nikolayevich, 802n
• Kravchenko, Vektor Andreevich, 1028, 1030
• Krek, Miha, 413
• Krotov, Boris Mikhailovich, 812n, 978, 994–996, 998, 1030
• Kulakov (Koulatov), 952, 960, 971
• Kurile Islands, 876
• Kuusinen, Hertta, 785
• Kuusinen, Otto V., 785n
• Laberge, Father George Antonio, 868
• Labouisse, Henry R., Jr., 952–955, 971, 973–974
• Ladas, Christos, 82, 86, 120, 139
• Lambrakis, Demetrios, 67, 80, 137
• Landymore, Alexander, A.W., 462n
• Lane, Chester T., 1017
• Latvia. see Baltic States.
• Lavrentyev, Anatol Iosifovich, 618n, 633, 698, 704
• Lavrishchev, Areksandr Andreyevich, 148
• Law, Richard Kidston, 335
• Lazareanu, Alexandra, 383, 393n
• League of Arab States, 70, 294
• Leahy, Fleet Adm. William D., 8–9, 191–192
• Le Breton, David, Jr., 18–21
• Ledden, Michael J., 1039, 1050n
• Leiber, Father, 384
• Leino, Yrjö, 759, 782, 784–785
• Lend-lease:
  • Agreement in connection with silver, 977, 997
  • Credits for lend-lease obligations, 505
  • Master lend-lease agreements, determination by the President of the end of the emergency referred to in, 976, 996–997, 1011–1018
  • Program during World War II, 17, 694, 852
  • Report to Congress, 13th, 963
  • Settlements. see under Czechoslovakia, France, Poland, Soviet Union, United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia: United States.
• Lend-lease act, Mar. 11, 1941, 950, 955, 958–959, 965, 975, 986–987, 997, 1000, 1009, 1016–1017
• Lenin. Vladimir Ilyich, 293, 383, 426, 898, 916–917, 941, 1109
• Leonhart, William K. K., 1056
• Leontić, 1103
• Leontii, Archbishop, 839
• Leopold, ex-King of Belgium, 398
• Leverick, Henry P., 382–383, 392
• Libya, 517n
• Lie, Trygve H., 629n, 659–660, 730, 744, 888
• Lielnors, Harry W., 402
• Lister, Ernest A., 477
• Lithuania. see Baltic States.
• Lithuanian-American Council, 402–404
• Lithuanian-American Information Center, 402
• Litvinoff, Maxim Maximovich, 766, 816n, 852, 865n, 1034
• Litynski, Zygmunt, 531, 533–534
• Livesay, Frederick, 815
• Livesay, Maj. Gen. William G., 19, 27–28, 32, 36–38, 39n, 54
• Locker, Melville E., 575
• Lodge, Henry Cabot, 65, 103n
• Lomakin, Yakov Mironovich, 1027–1028, 1033, 1035–1039, 1041–1043, 1045n, 1046–1052, 1053n
• London Conference on Germany, 884n, 885, 888
• Louchheim, Walter C., Jr., 575
• Lovell, Col. John R. 382, 392–393
• Lovett, Robert A:
  • Agreement between the Department of State and ECA, June 24, regarding relationships in Greece, 109–111
  • American mission for aid to Turkey, 78
  • Arrest of Cardinal Mindszenty, statement regarding, 395
  • Berlin blockade, 122, 124
  • Bulgaria, U.S. relations with, 286, 317–318, 373–374, 388, 390
  • Civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, U.S. policy regarding, 441, 443, 451n, 472–473, 475–476, 480
  • Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 596n, 601–602, 606, 724–725, 729, 731
  • Council of Foreign Ministers, 124
  • Defection of Russian teachers in New York, 1030–1032, 1036, 1040–1043, 1045n, 1046
  • Eastern European exiled leaders and organizations, 406n, 416, 430–435
  • Eastern Mediterranean bloc, Greek proposal regarding, 70–71, 79–80
  • Economic aid to Greece, 195n, 204n, 215
  • European Recovery Program, relationship of Greek-Turkish aid program to, 45n, 53, 76–78, 88, 90–91
  • Finland, Soviet pressure on, 776–777, 779
  • Free Greek government, U.S. position regarding recognition of, 18, 222–223, 1056
  • Greek Air Force, Greek request for bombers for, 124
  • Greek armed forces, questions regarding size and support of, 154n, 157–158, 167–168, 178–179, 194n
  • Greek coalition government, 36, 179–180
  • Hungary, U.S. relations with, 317–318, 352–353, 372–373, 392, 395
  • International Bank loan to Poland, U.S. opposition to, 514–516
  • Italian government, Anglo-American-French support for, 68–73
  • Military aid to Greece, 124, 144–145, 182, 192, 194n, 204n, 209, 215
  • Military situation in Greece, 78–79, 122–123, 162, 165n, 166–167, 177–178
  • Minister-Counselor of Romanian legation, declaration by the United States as persona non grata, 301n, 392
  • North Atlantic defense arrangement, 172, 213–215
  • Political prisoners in Greece, 74–75
  • Soviet Balkan satellites, U.S. policy toward, 312n
  • Soviet Union: Lend-lease pipeline agreement (1945), 994–997, 1000, 1010–1011, 1019; lend-lease settlement negotiations, 989n, 1002, 1004–1010, 1012–1013, 1015–1020; political and military objectives, 943n; U.S. relations with, 788, 796, 825, 829–833, 876, 897n, 900, 915, 926, 929–930, 942–943
  • Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 489n, 498n, 508–511, 569–570, 574–575, 578–581
  • U.N. General Assembly consideration of Greek case, 269–273, 275–276
  • U.N. Special Committee on the Balkans, role and activities of, 222–223, 238–242, 247, 256
  • U.S. aid to Turkey, 34, 36n, 97–98, 192, 194n, 215
  • U.S. guarantee of Turkish integrity, 85n
  • U.S. military power in Greece, 98–99
  • U.S. policy toward Greece, 27–28
  • Vinson mission to Moscow, proposed, 926
  • Western European union, 114–115, 148
  • Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1078, 1079n, 1087n, 1095–1096, 1112–1113
  • Yugoslavia, U.S. relations with, 1058, 1065n, 1067, 1069, 1117, 1118n
• Lukashev, Konstantin Ignatyevich, 1017
• Lukasiewicz, Juliusz, 404–406
• Lulchev, Kosta, 285, 388, 389n
• Luxembourg, 571, 587, 856
• Lychowski, Tadeusz, 528, 559
• Lynch, Edward, 575
• Lyon, Scott C., 1053n
• MacArthur, Gen. of the Army, Douglas, 841n
• Macedonian democratic movement, 428
• Maček (Machek), Vladimir, 401, 412–413, 421n
• Maclean, Donald D., 57, 622, 1084
• Maddocks, A. F., 622
• Madeira, 514
• Maggard, Peggy M., 369–370
• Magyar, Olaszlo, 326–327
• Makary (Makarius), Archbishop, 839n
• Makins, Roger M., 462, 558, 562
• Malenkov, Georgy Maximilianovich, 905–906, 918, 1091
• Malkovsky, Dimiter, 291
• Manchuria, 877–878
• Maniu, Iuliu, 324, 408, 420, 423
• Mann, George A., 642–643
• Mannerheim, Marshal Carl Gustav, 768, 773
• Maritime Commission (U.S.), 950–951, 974, 1019
• Markezinis, Spyros, 186, 187n
• Markos Vafiades, 10–11, 18–19, 31–33, 34n, 40, 48, 62–63, 66, 80–82, 86, 93–94, 101–102, 105n, 107–108, 113, 115, 118–120, 122n, 123, 125, 134, 138–141, 144, 167, 200, 222–223, 225, 233, 235–236, 238, 249, 320–321, 338, 844, 889, 909, 1055, 1056n, 1070, 1082, 1090, 1094
• Marks, Matthew J., 576
• Marshall, Charles E., 195
• Marshall, George C.:
  • Address to U.N. General Assembly, 377, 379
  • Balkan federation, Soviet opposition to, 293, 297
  • Baltic States, 880–881
  • British policy toward Greece, 30, 33
  • Bulgaria, U.S. relations with, 282, 285–286, 291–292, 303–304, 312–314, 319, 323n, 330–332, 334, 370, 373, 375–376, 378–379
  • Civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 436–439, 444–447, 451n, 456, 462–463, 465–467, 469, 471, 473, 476, 481–482
  • Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 593–594, 605, 612–627, 629–634, 637–645, 650–653, 655, 660–664, 667, 671–672, 674–675, 678, 680, 682–687, 691, 693, 695, 697, 699, 702–703, 705, 707–708, 710, 713, 716, 719, 721–722
  • Cyprus question, 121
  • Czechoslovakia: Communist seizure of power, 535, 733, 735–743, 747, 754–755; U.S. relations with, 521–522
  • Defection of Russian teachers in New York, 1035, 1037–1044, 1049, 1051–1053
  • Dodecanese Islands, question regarding Greek military use of, 116–117
  • Eastern European exiled leaders and organizations, 400, 407, 416–418, 424–427, 429–430
  • Eastern Mediterranean bloc, Greek proposal regarding, 71
  • Economic aid for Greece, 204n
  • Economic doctrine in the Soviet Union, 940, 947
  • European Recovery Program, statement on, 578
  • Finland, Soviet pressure on, 759–761, 764–771, 773, 775–786
  • Free Greek government, questions regarding recognition of, 31–33
  • Greek armed forces, questions regarding size and support of, 135–137, 142–143, 146–147, 150–152, 154–156, 160–168, 170, 181–182, 187, 194n, 205, 210
  • Greek coalition government, U.S. support for, 96–97, 137–138
  • Greek elections, 134
  • Greek gold at Federal Reserve Bank in New York, 29
  • Greek Government, changes in, 57–58, 81–82
  • Greek relations with Yugoslavia, 34
  • Hungary, U.S. relations with, 279, 289–291, 295, 305, 307, 312–313, 323n, 326, 328–330, 336, 365–368, 383, 385, 389, 393
  • International Bank loan to Poland, 515, 520
  • Italian Communist control of Italy, considerations regarding possibility of, 61–62
  • Italian elections, 67
  • Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee in the Soviet Union, dissolution of, 948
  • Joint Anglo-American-Greek staff talks, Greek proposal for, 56
  • Joint U.S. Military Advisory and Planning Group in Greece, continuation of, 147
  • Ladas assassination, message concerning, 82n
  • Master lend-lease agreements, determination of the end of the emergency referred to in, 976, 996–997
  • Military aid program for Greece, 36–37, 45–46, 55–56, 60, 62–63, 102–103, 108–109, 144, 159, 187, 194n, 204n, 205, 218
  • Military aid program for Turkey, 20n, 55–56, 62, 102, 108–109, 144, 159, 194n
  • Military situation in Greece, 129–130, 176, 183, 204
  • Operational guidance to Greek armed forces, 95–96
  • Petkov execution in Bulgaria (1947), statement regarding, 287
  • Poland, U.S. relations with, 572
  • Polish press attacks on, 530
  • Political prisoners in Greece, execution of, 82–83, 85–87, 91, 114, 118–120
  • Political situation in Greece, 180, 183, 186
  • Revocation of exequatur of Soviet consul general at New York (Lomakin), 1051–1052
  • Romania, U.S. relations with, 288–289, 301, 311–313, 323n, 330–332, 362–363, 382, 602
  • Security arrests in Greece, 58–60
  • Soviet absorption or annexation of satellite countries, reports regarding possibility of, 814
  • Soviet arrests of American military attachés in Hungary, 316
  • Soviet Balkan satellites, U.S. policy toward, 312–313
  • Soviet economic cooperation with Soviet satellites, 933
  • Soviet peace feelers, 80, 100–101, 105, 113–118, 120, 129, 889
  • Soviet political and military objectives, 833, 900, 919, 943
  • Soviet position at the United Nations regarding Greek case, 118–119, 138
  • Soviet Union: Economic and financial situation in, 802, 918–919; lend-lease pipeline agreement, 1000–1001, 1010–1011; lend-lease settlement negotiations, 956–959, 975–977, 984–989, 1004; political situation in, 797, 800–801, 803, 808, 816, 818, 821, 822n, 824, 838, 875, 898, 903, 905, 916, 948; return of eight merchant vessels, 950n, 951–952, 968–969, 983–984; return of U.S. naval vessels, U.S. request for, 959n; U.S. policy toward, 835–836, 838, 840–841, 847, 850n, 851, 854, 858–863, 865, 866n, 869–870, 884, 930; U.S. relations with, 155, 412, 790–796, 798, 803, 806, 812–814, 819–820, 822, 828–830, 832, 841–842, 850, 858, 864, 866, 871, 881, 888–889, 896–897, 899, 901–902, 906–908, 921, 923, 928, 930n, 931, 934, 937
  • Stalin letter to Henry Wallace, 870, 872–873
  • Statement on Greek-Turkish aid bill, Mar. 3, 64n
  • Statement regarding U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 336, 412
  • Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 512, 523n, 525, 527–528, 542–546, 550–552, 554–555, 560–570, 579, 582, 588–591
  • Turkey, U.S. relations with, 148–150
  • U.N. Charter, Greek request for invocation of Art. 51 of, 262n
  • U.N. General Assembly consideration of Greek case, 181, 270, 273–276
  • U.N. membership, 376
  • U.N. Special Committee on the Balkans, 224–232, 238, 243, 245–250, 253–268
  • U.S. Air Force Group in Greece, 130
  • U.S. guarantee of Turkish integrity, Turkish requests for, 83
  • U.S. military power in Greece, 101
  • U.S. policy toward Greece, 9, 15, 22, 26–28, 32–33, 41–42, 46n, 65, 261
  • U.S. troops to Greece, question regarding despatch of, 64–65
  • Van Fleet appointment, 36–37
  • Vinson mission to Moscow, statement of Oct. 9 regarding, 927n
  • Visit to Greece, 155, 161–166, 168, 183, 270
  • World Conference of Intellectuals, 712
  • Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1073, 1076–1078, 1079n, 1082, 1085, 1088, 1092–1100, 1102, 1106, 1110–1111
  • Yugoslavia: Aid to Greek guerrillas, 62; U.S. relations with, 312–313, 1054, 1056–1057, 1063–1065, 1068–1070, 1105–1106, 1113, 1117
• Marshall Plan. see European Recovery Program.
• Martin, Edwin M., 509, 536n, 545–546
• Martin, Joseph W., Jr., 534n
• Martin, William McChesney, 575, 578
• Marvel, Josiah, Jr., 463–464
• Masaryk, Jan, 741–744, 748, 751, 756, 852
• Masaryk, Thomas Guarrigue, 744, 747
• Matecki, Col., 404, 406
• Mates, Leo, 635, 674n
• Matheny, Brig. Gen. William A., 142, 146, 153
• Matthews, H. Freeman, 472, 759–761, 760–770
• Mavrogordatos, Michael, 58–59, 81, 183
• Max B. Miller & Co., Inc., 1018
• Mayer, René, 885
• McBride, Maj. Gen. Horace L., 193–194, 217
• McCloy, John J., 514–516
• McClure, Russell S., 618
• McCullough, James H., 575
• McDermott, Michael, 639, 655, 667, 675, 678, 684, 687, 691, 693, 695, 699, 705, 707, 710, 713, 716
• McGhee, George C., 39n, 45n, 53–54, 58n, 64, 88–91, 109, 124–129, 130n, 132, 135n, 144–145, 154n, 171–172, 184–186, 192–195, 203–204, 215–216, 235n
• McMillan, Sgt. James M., Jr., 1042
• McNair, Arnold Duncan, 713–714
• McWilliams, William J., 15, 39, 132n, 915n
• Mediterranean: U.S. military forces in, proposed strengthening of, 49, 93, 95; U.S. policy regarding, 55
• Mediterranean, Eastern: Anglo-American talks concerning (1947), 2n; British strategic and economic position in, 2, 4, 47, 49, 160; Communist activities in, 5–6; Greek proposal for creating bloc, 41–43, 69–71, 160, 214, 215n; U.S. policy in, 21; U.S. security interests in, 2, 5, 8–9, 46–47, 71, 191
• Melas, George, 114
• Melbourne, Roy M., 408, 427–428
• Mellaha Air Base in Libya, reactivation by the United States of, 517
• Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946, 950, 958, 961–962, 970, 973–975, 1003
• Merriam, Gordon P., 195
• Merrill, Frederick T., 595–596, 1084
• Mevorah, Nissim, 303n
• México, 229n, 239n, 242–244, 251n, 253n, 709, 855
• Mezincescu, Eduard, 301–302, 382
• Michael (Mihai), King of Romania: Abdication of, 288n, 397n, 398n, 401n, 750n; exile status of, 397–401, 407–412, 419, 421
• Mihajiović (Mihailovich), Gen. Draža, 1065–1066
• Mikhoels, Solomon Mikhailovich, 797–798
• Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw, 401, 406–407, 421–423, 519
• Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich, 749
• Milicevic, Vladeta, 416
• Millar, Frederick Robert Hoyer, 220–221
• Miller, Lt. Col. Allen C., 166–167
• Millis, Walter, 825
• Mine, Hilary, 515, 528–531, 534
• Mindszenty, József Cardinal, 326–327, 336, 389–390, 393–395
• Miner. Robert G., 155–156
• Modzelewski, Zygmunt, 528, 572n
• Molnar, Erik, 290, 314, 328–329, 367, 685, 720
• Molochkov, Fedor Fedorovich, 803, 871–872, 938
• Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich: Attitude of, 829, 933; Baltic States, Soviet policy toward (1939), 826; Communist Party Politburo role, 818–819; conference of Soviet and Soviet satellite foreign ministers at Warsan, 889; conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 597, 607–608, 626, 680, 720; Council of Workers’ Deputies in Petrograd. member of Executive Committee of (1917), 1025n; defection of Russian teachers in New York, protest regarding, 1035n, 1040, 1044–1046; diplomatic officials and missions in the Soviet Union, treatment of, 793, 819–820, 822–823, 850, 872, 881, 888; Finland, proposed treaty of friendship and military alliance with, 768, 772–774, 780; Greece, policy toward, 121; Paris Peace Conference, 644; San Francisco conference, 1074; Ambassador Smith, conversations with, 85, 102, 336, 337n, 354, 355n, 845–854, 858–865, 868–871, 874, 1035n, 1044; Soviet official representation in the United States, proposed reduction of and restrictions on, 796–797, 803, 867, 881, 888; Soviet propaganda line, 723; Soviet-Romanian treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance, 294; treaty of peace between the Soviet Union and Finland (1940), 769; Truman reelection, 932; Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 30th anniversary of, 801–809; U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 836, 838, 840–841, 845–847, 851–854, 858, 860–865, 868–871, 874; Voice of America, U.S. protests regarding jamming of, 842; Zhdanov death, 916
• Molotov, Mrs. V. M., 933
• Mongolian People’s Republic (Outer Mongolia), 484
• Monnet, Jean, 884–885
• Montini, Monsignor, 367
• Moore, William C., 1017
• Morgan, Gen. Sir Frederick, 220
• Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers (1945) 420, 821, 827
• Moscow Declaration (1943), 689
• Most-favored-nation treatment, 348, 491, 493–495, 497, 1013
• Motion Picture Exporters Association, 346, 361
• Muir, Raymond Douglas, 930n
• Mullins, Edward, 1039, 1050
• Mundt, Karl E., 778, 1028
• Munitions Control Act, 492, 501–503, 523, 528
• Munitions Control Board, 523, 528, 538, 554
• Muradeli, V., 808–810, 949
• Murphy, Robert, 366n, 367, 907n, 942n
• Murray, James D., 462n
• Myers, Sumner B., 74–75
• Myrdal, Gunnar, 572
• Nagy, Ferenc, 309, 401, 407, 421n, 435
• National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems (NAC), 515–516, 575–578, 955, 1003
• National Defense (Military) Establishment (Department of Defense), 94, 182, 185, 526, 546
• National Security Act of 1947, 489n
• National Security Council (NSC): Civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 449n, 451–456, 459, 465, 471, 473, 475–478, 480–482; establishment of and membership on, 489n; Soviet political and military objectives, 943n, 947; trade with Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 489n, 490, 492, 497–498, 506, 508, 510–512, 527n, 546, 548, 564; U.S. military power in Greece, 93–95, 98–99, 101, 205–208; U.S. policy toward Greece, 2–7, 9–10, 14–15, 21–28, 39–41, 46–51; U.S. policy toward Iran, 175; U.S. policy toward the security of [Page 1145] nations threatened by the Soviet Union but not members of the North Atlantic defense arrangement, 176; U.S. policy toward Turkey, 175; U.S. strategic interests in Greece and Turkey, 144–145, 158–160, 184; Yugoslav defection from the Soviet bloc, 1079n, 1118n
• National security of the United States, 512, 525, 535, 548, 552–553, 566, 778n, 825, 849
• National Security Resources Board (NSRB): Trade with the Soviet Union and the Soviet satellites, 523n, 546, 548; U.S. military power in Greece, 93, 95; U.S. policy toward Greece, 39, 50
• Nationalization of U.S. interests (see also under individual countries), 360
• Naumenko, Ivan Savvich, 811–812
• Navy, Department of the, 766, 795; antiaircraft gun assemblies to the Soviet Union under lend-lease, 959; committee on treaties, consultation with, 311; Greek Navy, increase in strength of, 87n; Joint U.S. Military Advisory and Planning Group in Greece, 96; master lend-lease agreements, determination of the end of the emergency referred to in, 996n; military aid to Greece, 205; naval forces in the Mediterranean, reinforcement of, 19–20, 286n, 517; naval vessels to Soviet Union under lend-lease, 993, 1007; Patent Secrecy Act, 503; U.S. policy toward Greece, 2n
• Neal, Jack Davis, 1024
• Near and Middle East: Anglo-American talks concerning (1947), 2n; British strategic and economic position in, 2, 4, 47, 49, 72; Communist activities in, 5; Soviet and Soviet satellite air services to, efforts to block, 439, 458–459, 469, 473–479, 484; Soviet objectives in, 843, 866, 885, 909; U.S. security interests in, 2, 5, 8, 46–47, 71, 191
• Near East College Association, 343
• Nejedlý, Zdenĕk, 741
• Ness, Norman T., 531, 950–951
• Netherlands, 242, 251n, 265n, 266, 370, 570, 587, 856
• Niculescu-Buzesti, Grigore, 410, 421n, 423, 432
• Nickels, Horace J., 408–412, 418–421, 432
• Nikou, Bishop, 839
• Nitze, Paul, 510, 578–579, 1002–1004, 1013–1016
• Noel-Baker, Philip J., 580
• Nordness, Ned, 773
• North Atlantic defense arrangements, proposed, 172–176, 213–215; Vandenberg resolution, June 11, 148, 172–176, 214
• Norton, Garrison, 470, 478, 481–482, 575–577, 596n, 606–611, 622–623, 721n, 725–727, 731–732
• Norway, 567, 587, 780, 982
• Novikov, Nikolay Vasilyevich, 952, 974n, 998
• Nuveen, John, 111n, 195
• Nyárady, Nicholas, 590
• Oder River International Commission, 712
• O’Donoghue, Sidney E., 381
• Oeriu, Simon, 301
• Office of Military Government, United States (OMGUS), 624n, 732
• Office of the Special Representative in Europe of the ECA (OSR), 479
• Oggins, Isaiah Saymonovich, 789
• Okinawa, 124
• Oliver, Covey T., 531
• Olson, 1097–1099
• Oppenheim, L., 686
• Orekhov, Fedor Terentyevich, 789, 871–872
• Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC), 88, 197, 482, 556, 558–561, 563, 567
• Orlovic, Gen., 400, 410–417
• Orsini-Rosenberg, Felix, 625–626, 632, 644, 720
• Osmakov, Capt. Ivan F., 928
• Ostrovityanov, Konstantin Vasilyevich, 875, 941
• Osusky, Stefan, 424–425, 427, 429–430
• Outer Mongolia. see Mongolian People’s Republic.
• Overby, Andrew N., 575
• Ozdeniz, Vice Adm. Necati, 217
• Paasikivi, Juho, 761–766, 768–778, 781–783, 785, 787
• Padelford, Norman J., 634
• Pakistan, 229n, 234, 241, 243, 251n, 253n, 439n, 474, 487
• Palestine: Partition of, 72, 79; Soviet interest in, 837, 909, 946; Soviet satellite air services, British refusal of, 487; U.N. cease-fire order, 138; U.N. Commission on Palestine, 260–261; U.N. special General Assembly meeting, 166, 240–241, 825; U.S. interest in, 354; U.S. policy toward, 885; U.S. security forces, proposals regarding, 7, 51, 825
• Panama Canal, 626–627, 663
• Pan American Airways, 448, 453, 487
• Panchenko, Varvara Markovna, 1043n
• Panyushkin, Alexander S., 593–595, 601, 612, 616–617, 619, 729, 896, 901, 923–925, 930n, 951–956, 960–975, 978–984, 989–1002, 1004, 1010, 1012, 1016, 1020–1023, 1030–1032, 1036–1037, 1040–1043, 1045–1047, 1049–1052
• Papagos, Gen. Alexander, 176–177, 180, 183, 186–187, 221
• Papandreou, George, 186
• Papánek, Ján, 424, 744, 747
• Paris Peace Conference (1919), 648n, 649n
• Paris Peace Conference (1946), 583, 596, 626, 636, 638, 644, 672, 687, 689–690, 717, 723
• Parsons, Arthur W., 247, 253, 256
• Parsons, J. Graham, 327
• Partridge, Col. Richard C., 1076–1077
• Patent Secrecy Act, 503
• Pauker, Mrs. Ana, 301–302, 382–383, 632, 633n, 640, 645, 663n, 664–665, 691, 703–704, 720
• Paul, King of Greece, 121, 162–163, 165, 176, 183, 186–187, 204
• Payart, Jean, 622, 630, 637, 645
• Peake, Sir Charles Brinsley Pemberton, 616n, 635, 640, 645, 649–651, 654, 660–661, 664–665, 672, 684, 692–693, 699, 704, 719, 1073
• Peck, Edward Heywood, 375–376
• Peev, Dragan, 303n, 368
• Pekkala, Mauno, 759, 762, 768, 783
• Peltonen, Onni, 773–774
• Penfield, James K., 590–591
• Permanent Court of International Justice, 669, 712, 1062
• Persian Gulf area, 160
• Persona non grata, situations involving, 301n, 318–319, 366, 369, 392–393, 935
• Peru, 434
• Peter, ex-King of Yugoslavia, 400–401, 407, 416–418, 1061
• Peterson, Sir Maurice Drummond, 790n, 862–863
• Petkov, Nikola, trial and execution of, 286, 291, 375, 388, 1066; U.S. statement regarding, 287, 292, 388
• Petrescu, 420
• Petrolite Corporation, 1018
• Petzeff (Pecheff), Stoyan, 381
• Peyer, Karoly, 435
• Pfeffer, I. G., 798
• Philip, Prince, 401n
• Pijade, Moša, 1073–1074
• Pius XII, Pope, 384
• Plastiras, Gen. Nicolas, 67
• Pohjala, 780–781
• Poland (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe):
  • Agreement with the Soviet Union concerning delivery of Soviet industrial equipment, Jan. 26, 518n
  • Agricultural collectivization program, 944
  • Anti-American campaign in Polish press, 530
  • Border with Germany (Oder-Neisseline), 910–911, 913
  • British relations with, 423n, 562
  • Catholic Church role, 405–406
  • Civil aviation: British air services to, 468, 474, 486; negotiations with Denmark, 456, 463–466; negotiations with Switzerland, 445; U.S. policy regarding, 438–439, 445, 457, 460
  • Claims by the United States against, 1070
  • Committee on the development of trade (ECE), 571
  • Communist Party participation in the establishment of Cominform, 499n, 517
  • Cotton credit from the United States, question of, 531
  • Diplomatic missions in Warsaw and Washington, size of, 794
  • Eastern Germany, U.S. agreement to Polish administration of, 877
  • Economic agreement with the Soviet Union, 298, 814n
  • Economic relations with the Soviet Union, 573
  • European Recovery Program, opposition to, 516–517
  • Export-Import Bank loan (1946), 518, 533, 543, 545, 555
  • Financial relations with the Soviet Union, 934
  • Foreign exchange rate for U.S. embassy, 519
  • Foreign trade policies, 529, 573
  • Free elections, failure of Soviet Union to observe Yalta commitment regarding, 878
  • Greek children, question regarding removal from Greece to, 250
  • Greek guerrillas, aid to, 235
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: Member of, 504; U.S. opposition to loan, 514–516, 518, 520–521, 556, 576, 578
  • Lend-lease settlement, negotiations regarding, 519, 530–533, 555–556
  • Nationalization of American property, negotiations regarding compensation for, 519, 530–534, 555–556
  • Post-UNRRA relief, 531
  • Resolution introduced in U.N. General Assembly regarding discrimination in international trade, 588
  • Soviet absorption or incorporation of, possibility of, 294, 298–299, 814–815
  • Soviet influence, 878
  • Soviet military occupation, 826
  • Sovietization of, 405, 749
  • Trade with: Belgium, 529; Bizonia, 529; France, 529; Italy, 529; Sweden, 529, 573; Switzerland, 529; United Kingdom, 529, 562
  • UNRRA assistance to, 517–518, 520
  • U.S. interests in, 361
  • U.S. policy toward, 385, 500, 577
  • U.S. surplus property credits (1946), 518n
  • U.S. trade relations, 573
  • Voice of America broadcasts, 406
  • World War II, 19
• Polish exiled leaders and organizations, 404–406, 421–424
• Polish government in exile in London, 423–424
• Polish National Committee, 413
• Policy Planning Staff of the Department of State: Civil aviation policy toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 449n, 451n; Eastern European exiled leaders and organizations, 406n; establishment and functions of, 489n; report on U.S. aid to Greece, 195–204; Stalin letter to Wallace, 871n; trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 489–507, 509–511; U.S. military power in Greece, 205n; U.S. policy toward Greece, 21–26, 28, 99n; U.S. policy toward Greece, Italy, and Mediterranean area, 55; U.S. policy toward security of nations threatened by the Soviet Union and not members of North Atlantic defense arrangement, 176; U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 866n; Yugoslav defection from the Soviet bloc, 1079–1081, 1087n, 1089n, 1092n, 1093n, 1094n, 1097n, 1099n, 1117–1118; Yugoslavia, negotiations concerning U.S. claims against, 1058, 1069
• Popkov, Peter (Pyotr) Sergeyevich, 916
• Popov, Georgy Mikhailovich, 809, 916, 918
• Popovic, B.V., 416
• Porfyrogenis, Miltiades, 80
• Porozhnyakov, Alexander Efremovich, 1027n
• Port Arthur, 877
• Porter, Paul, 559–560, 562, 570–572
• Portugal, 377, 380, 514, 567–568, 587, 1062
• Posniak, Edward G., 545–546
• Potsdam Conference (1945), 748, 825, 877
• Potter, Philip, 134
• Poulitsas, Panayotis, 180
• Prentice, Edward 478
• Preoteasa, Grigore, 301, 382–383, 392–393
• Preparatory Commission for the International Refugee Organization, 402
• Prica, Srdja, 1068
• Prokofiev, Sergey Sergeyevich, 809, 849
• Rădescu, Gen. Nicholas, 409, 411–412, 418, 421, 432
• Radford, Vice Adm. Arthur W., 217–218
• Radin, George, 417
• Radius, Walter A., 625, 687–691, 694, 710, 713–715, 721n, 722
• Railey, Howard B., 466, 469n, 471–473, 477, 479
• Rajk, László, 372n, 385–587
• Rákosi, Mátyás, 279–280, 326–327, 372, 443n
• Rankin, Karl, 36n, 58, 64, 70n, 80–81, 87n, 91–92, 97n, 100–102, 105–107, 113–117, 218–220, 442n
• Rankovió, Aleksander, 1071, 1073, 1100, 1103, 1108–1109
• Rasmussen, Gustav, 463
• Rawlins, Maj. Gen. S.B., 54
• Raynor, G. Hayden, 433, 595
• Reams, Robert Borden, 615–616, 622–624, 631–632, 649–650, 1073–1078, 1084–1085, 1088–1093, 1097–1098, 1102–1113
• Reber, Samuel, 926–927
• Rebus sic stantibus, doctrine of, 714
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), 56
• Red Cross, 250, 254, 876
• Reinhardt, G. Frederick, 472, 912n
• Reinstein, Jacques, 355–357, 364, 524
• Rendis, Constantine, 82
• Revercomb, 403
• Rhodes, 191
• Riefler, Winfield, 575, 578
• Ripka, Hubert, 430, 433, 734, 749
• Robertson, Edward V., 217
• Rock, C. A., 806n
• Rogers, James Grafton, 815
• Romania (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe):
  • Allied Control Commission, 324, 349, 828
  • American films, discrimination against, 350
  • Army, Soviet control over, 311–312
  • Civil aviation: Air services to the United Kingdom, 486; negotiations with the United States, 457, 460
  • Claims against: French, 302; U.S., 301, 324–325, 341, 349–351, 357
  • Communist Party participation in the establishment of Cominform. 499n
  • Danube shipping, Soviet-Romanian monopoly over, 351
  • Detention and recall of legation staff members (Giurgiu affair), 369–370, 393
  • Diplomatic missions in Bucharest and Washington, size of, 794
  • Economic discrimination against the United States, 324, 340, 347, 350
  • Economic policies and programs, 308
  • Espionage and sabotage trial, 382, 392–393
  • Ex-enemy assets blocked in the United States, 323, 325, 341
  • Expropriation of American-owned property, U.S. policy regarding, 341, 349
  • Free Greek government: Aid to, 223, 235; question regarding recognition of, 32, 223
  • German external assets in which there was U.S. beneficial interest, U.S. representations regarding transfer to Soviet Union of, 349
  • Giurgiu affair. see Detention and recall of legation staff members, supra .
  • Government: Changes in constitutional structure of, 288n; continuation of U.S. relations with, 288–289
  • Greek children, question regarding removal from Greece to, 250
  • Greek vessels seized during war, Greek claim regarding, 606
  • Heads-of mission (British-U.S.-Soviet ministers), 323, 329–332, 359
  • Industrial Offices Law, 349, 351
  • Joint shipping companies, question regarding Soviet control over, 666, 669, 678–679, 681–682, 700, 718, 723, 730
  • Joint Soviet-Romanian Shipping Company (Sovromtransport), 679
  • Maniu arrest and conviction, U.S. protest regarding, 324, 423n
  • Military information to be provided under terms of the peace treaty, 325, 329, 331, 359
  • Monarchy, abolition of, 288n
  • National Liberal Party, 420
  • National Peasant Party, 324, 408, 420, 423n
  • Nationalization programs, 324, 341, 361, 365; protests by Belgium, France, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States, 370
  • Political situation, 288–289, 408, 412
  • Prewar bilateral treaties to be retained, U.S. notification regarding, 302, 325
  • Reparations to the Soviet Union, 603
  • Restitution of Romanian property in Germany and Austria, 349
  • Rumano-Americano Oil Company, Romanian efforts to bring under state control, 349
  • Social Democratic Party, 420
  • Soviet absorption or annexation, question regarding possibility of, 362–363, 418n
  • Soviet intervention in Romanian Government affairs, 632n, 750
  • Soviet military occupation, 826, 828
  • Sovietization of, 758, 828
  • Standard Fabrica de Telefonne si Radio, company protests regarding treatment of, 351
  • State trading, 350
  • Treaty of peace, U.S. efforts to secure implementation of, 279, 291, 301–302, 323–326, 329–332, 339–341, 346–351, 354–362, 364–365, 390, 602–603, 626; British protests, 291, 360; Romanian position, 291; Soviet position, 291, 325–326, 360, 362
  • U.N. membership, U.S. opposition to, 359, 362
  • U.S. concern for welfare of people of, 279, 289, 312, 323, 357–358
  • U.S. expulsion of Minister-Counselor from Romanian legation in Washington, 392–393
  • U.S. forces on Allied Control Commission, withdrawal of, 324
  • U.S. interests in, protection of, 279, 289, 312, 348–351, 361
  • U.S. legation officers, accusations against and recall of, 382–383, 392
  • U.S. policy toward, 312–313, 500
  • Yalta agreement, 878
• Romanian Agrarian Party, 423
• Romanian exiled leaders, attitude of the United States toward, 397–399, 416–421, 431–432
• Romanian National Committee, 419, 432
• Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor (Mrs. Franklin D.), 379, 931
• Roosevelt, Franklin D., 421n, 852, 868n, 873, 932, 954, 963, 1034
• Roseman, Alvin J., 194n
• Rothengast, Conrad H., 1039, 1043
• Rountree, William M., 186
• Royal Dutch Airlines (KLM), 443, 472
• Royall, Kenneth C., 39n, 78, 95–96, 132–134, 216–218, 270, 1085, 1087, 1092, 1095
• Rudenko, Lt. Gen. Leonid Georgiyevich, 1005
• Ruedemann, Paul, 372–373, 391–392
• Rusk, Dean, 15n, 235, 256n, 266
• Russian Bondholders Committee, 816
• Russian United Mutual Aid Society, 1028n
• Russian war relief, 876
• Ruthenia, 327n
• Sadak, Necmettin, 97n, 148, 214, 217
• Sakhalin, southern, 876
• Saltzman, Charles E., 158–160
• Samarin, Mikhail Ivanovich, 1024n, 1026, 1028–1039, 1043–1047, 1049–1050, 1052–1053
• Samarin, Vladimir Mikhailovich, 1024n, 1032, 1035–1036, 1045–1046, 1049
• Samarina, Elena (Helen) Mikhailovna, 1024n, 1029, 1032, 1035–1036, 1045–1046, 1049
• Samarina, Klavdiya Mikhailovna, 1024n, 1028–1029, 1032, 1035–1036, 1038, 1045–1046, 1049
• Samarina, Tatyana Mikhailovna, 1024n, 1032, 1035–1036, 1045–1046, 1049
• Sandifer, Durward V., 99
• San Francisco conference (1945), 1074
• Santa Cruz, Hernán, 744–745
• Sappington, James C., 462n
• Satterthwaite, Joseph C., 148, 172–176, 179n, 182, 186, 187n, 194, 213, 215n, 220–221, 269
• Satterthwaite, Livingston, 462n, 471–473, 477–478
• Savage, Carlton, 510
• Savonenkov, Lt. Gen. G.M., 759–763, 770–771, 783n
• Sawyer, Charles, 542–547, 550, 552n, 564
• Schoenfeld, Rudolf, 288, 291, 301–302, 363–364, 382–383, 393, 412, 605–606, 627
• Schuman, Robert, 864n
• Scott, Franklin, 771
• Scott, Oswald A., 764n, 765, 776
• Second Decontrol Act of 1947, 491, 523n, 542, 551
• Second War Powers Act of 1942, 523n
• Secretary of State’s Staff Committee, 501
• Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 515n
• Senanayake, D.S., 579–580
• Seymour, Jean, 832
• Sforza, Carlo, 1094
• Shan, Brackley, 450
• Shcherbakov, Alexander Sergeyevich, 916
• Shea, Robert, 382
• Shebalin, Vissarion Yakovlevich, 809–810, 949
• Shebanov (Shebanoff, Shibanov), Harry, 1026, 1029–1030
• Shostakovich, Dmitry Dmitriyevich, 809–810, 949
• Shvernik, Nikolay Mikhailovich, 929
• Siam, 474
• Sihvo, Gen. Aarne, 781
• Sik, Andren, 378n
• Simić, Stanoje, 615, 616n, 617–619, 622n, 634–635, 639, 1054, 1056n, 1057, 1073
• Simutis, Leonard, 402
• Skouras, Spyros P., 162
• Slánský, Rudolf, 755, 757–758
• Slavik, Juraj, 414n, 424, 433
• Slovak Democratic Party, 422, 424
• Slovak government in exile, reports regarding possible formation of, 434
• Smith, Walter Bedell:
  • Arrest of U.S. military attachés by Soviet troops in Hungary, protest regarding, 316–317
  • Balkan federation, Soviet opposition to, 293–295
  • Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 626–627, 638–639, 643–644, 666n, 722–724
  • Defection of Russian teachers in New York, 1035–1036, 1039–1040, 1045–1046, 1050
  • Economic doctrine in the Soviet Union, 940–942
  • Finland, Soviet pressures on, 766–767, 769, 775, 786
  • Molotov, conversations with, 85, 102, 336, 337n, 354, 355n, 845–854, 858–865, 868–871, 874, 1035n, 1044
  • Resignation of, 829–831
  • Return of lend-lease merchant ships, 984n
  • Soviet and satellite refugees, question regarding utilization by the Voice of America, 426
  • Soviet Union: Economic and financial situation in, 802–803, 919; political and military, objectives, 833, 909–910, 943–947; political situation in, 797–798, 800–805, 808–811, 816–819, 821–822, 824, 838–840, 898–899, 903–905, 916–918; satellites, policy toward, 293–294, 298, 299n, 814n; U.S. policy toward, 834, 836–838, 840–865, 868–871, 874, 884–886, 930–931; U.S. relations with, 790–792, 794–800, 803, 806–808, 812–813, 820, 822–823, 828–829, 836, 838, 842, 850–851, 867–868, 871–872, 874, 881–884, 899–903, 906, 908–909, 911–912, 923–924, 928–929, 931–940
  • Stalin, conversations with, 836, 841, 846–847
  • Supplies and equipment for, 831
  • Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 563–564, 567–568, 591–592
  • Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1082–1084, 1093, 1097
• Smith, Vice Adm. William W., 951n, 969n
• Smuts, Field Marshal Jan Christian, 106
• Snow, Brig. Gen. Conrad E., 805
• Snyder, John W., 515n, 578
• Sobolev, Arkady Alexandrovitch, 239
• Socony-Vacuum Oil Company, 341
• Sofianopoulas, John, 75
• Sokolovsky, Marshal Vasily Daniloyich, 889
• Solmssen, Kurt A., 815–816
• Sophoulis, Themistocles, 1, 57–58, 68–69, 70n, 80, 101, 106, 108, 113–114, 117, 119, 121, 129, 137–138, 155–157, 165, 170, 176–179, 181, 183, 186
• Souers, Adm. Sidney W., 2–7, 8n, 39, 46n, 93–95, 508n, 512n, 943n
• Southard, Frank A., Jr., 575, 577
• Soviet Union (see also Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, Conference to consider the [Page 1150] free navigation of the Danube, and Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe and under individual countries):
  • Aggression and expansionist policies, U.S. policy regarding menace of, 19, 191, 767, 852, 865–866, 942
  • All-Union Society for Foreign Tourism in the Soviet Union (Intourist), 929
  • American repatriation teams, Soviet refusal to permit access to American citizens liberated by Soviet armed forces by, 879
  • Amtorg Trading Corporation (AMTORG), 797, 830–831, 883, 888, 915–916, 922, 936, 981, 999
  • Anti-American feeling and propaganda, 879, 902n
  • Anti-Semitism, reports concerning, 798
  • Arrests of U.S. embassy personnel, 793
  • Balkan satellites, Soviet hegemony over, 912–913
  • British policy toward, 843–844, 858, 889–890
  • Byelorussian and Ukrainian participation in the United Nations, U.S. agreement to, 877
  • Censorship regulations for newspaper correspondents, 937–938
  • China, Soviet policy toward, 909–910
  • Citizenship laws, changes in, 812–813
  • Civil aviation: Soviet objectives, 440–441, 449–450, 452, 458–459, 485–486; U.S. efforts to negotiate agreement, 878
  • Claims, credits, and other matters, negotiations regarding, 816n
  • Claims settlement negotiations (1934–1935), 912n
  • Communist Party: Activities of, 816–819; Central Committee, 808–811, 876n, 905, 949; participation in the establishment of the Cominform, 499n; Politburo, 300, 818, 823, 836, 905, 911, 916, 918, 942, 944–945, 947, 1074; purge, possibility of, 905–906
  • Conference of Foreign Ministers of the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Warsaw, 889, 910
  • Council of Workers’ Deputies in Petrograd (1917), 1025n
  • Cultural relations, U.S. efforts to develop, 800, 877, 879, 893
  • Currency reform, protest regarding application to U.S. embassy, 791–793
  • Curzon Line as western border of the Soviet Union, U.S. agreement to fixing of the, 877
  • Customs procedures and difficulties for foreign missions in Moscow, 791–793, 796, 803, 812, 819–820, 822–823, 829, 831n, 866–867, 871–872, 882–883, 908–909, 935, 938–940; U.S. countermeasures regarding imports for Soviet embassy in Washington, 796, 811–812, 819, 831
  • Defection of Russian teachers in New York, 1024–1053
    • Closure of Soviet consulates general in New York and San Francisco, 1051, 1053
    • Closure of U.S. consulate general in Vladivostok, 1051, 1053
    • Extraterritoriality of Soviet consulate general in New York, Soviet protest regarding alleged violation of, 1041, 1043–1044, 1051; U.S. reply, 1048
    • Revocation by President Truman of the exequatur of the Soviet consul general in New York (Lomakin), 1045n, 1048, 1050–1052
    • Soviet protests regarding U.S. action concerning, 1030–1036, 1040–1043, 1046, 1049–1051; U.S. reply, 1045–1048, 1052–1053
    • U.S. consulate general at Leningrad, Soviet withdrawal of permission for opening, 823n, 1051, 1053
    • Writ of habeas corpus served on Soviet consul general in New York, Soviet protest regarding, 1036–1038; U.S. position regarding, 1044–1045
  • Detention of British military attaché, British protest regarding, 790
  • Diplomatic exchange rate, negotiations regarding application of, 791–793, 820, 893, 935
  • Diplomatic officials of Western states in Moscow, Soviet treatment of, 790–794, 799–800, 893
  • Diplomatic representatives from the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, U.S. policy regarding, 318–319
  • Dual nationality, Soviet policy regarding, 807–808, 907, 924–925
  • East Prussia, U.S. agreement to Soviet annexation of the northern part of, 877
  • Economic and financial situation, reports on, 802–804, 918
  • Economic doctrine, 940–945, 947
  • European Recovery Program, Soviet opposition to, 295, 338, 490, 492, 499, 506, 511–512, 559, 560n, 692, 694, 697, 834, 836, 844, 848, 851, 853, 856, 934
  • Exchange of nationals liberated by Soviet and U.S. armed forces, Soviet-U.S. agreement regarding, 877
  • Exit visas for Soviet spouses of American citizens and for detained American citizens in the Soviet Union, difficulties in obtaining, 806–808, 812–813, 901–902, 923–925
  • Foreign economic policy, 340
  • Foreign institutions and personnel, regulations regarding relations with Soviets, 798–800, 891, 922
  • Fund held in special account by the Treasury Department, discussions concerning utilization of, 815–816, 912n
  • Government Purchasing Commission of the Soviet Union in the United States, 822, 915, 992–993, 999, 1002–1003, 1009, 1011, 1013, 1023
  • Housing problems of U.S. embassy staff, 793, 796n, 819–820, 822–823, 829, 850–851, 882–883, 893, 935, 940
  • Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, dissolution of, 948
  • Kurile Islands and Southern Sakhalin, U.S. agreement to cession to the Soviet Union, 876
  • Lend-lease assistance to the Soviet Union, 491, 694, 852–853, 876, 878
  • Lend-lease credits, 505
  • Lend-lease pipeline credit agreement of Oct. 15, 1945: Soviet interest payments, reduction of, 994–1002, 1010–1011; suspension of shipments from the United States, Soviet representations regarding, 994–1002, 1010–1011, 1019.
  • Lend-lease settlement, continuation of efforts to negotiate, 491, 694n, 878, 950–966, 971–993, 995, 998, 1002–1023
    • Claims, compensation for, 959, 981
    • Combined meetings (U.S.-Soviet), 952–956, 960–967, 971–975, 978–983
    • Defense articles, questions regarding return of, 976–977, 985, 997, 1006–1007, 1012–1013, 1022
    • Department of the Army vessels, request for return of, 959
    • Local currency for U.S. diplomatic missions, 982
    • Navy Department antiaircraft gun assemblies, request for return of, 959
    • Patent arrangements between the Soviet Union and U.S. firms, 953, 966, 980–981, 988, 992–993, 1003–1004, 1009, 1013–1019, 1023
    • Return of eight merchant vessels, 950–953, 955–956, 958, 960–961, 967–972, 974, 976–977, 983, 990
    • Soviet position, 953–956, 958–966, 977, 979–983, 985, 989–993, 995, 1004–1005, 1013, 1020–1023
    • Soviet purchase of dry-cargo vessels, question of, 970–976, 980, 988–989
    • Soviet Supply Protocols, 967, 1015
    • U.S. naval vessels, request for return of, 958–959, 972–973, 975–980, 986–987, 989, 992, 1003–1004, 1007, 1012–1013, 1022–1023
    • U.S. position, 952–959, 961–967, 973, 975–976, 979–989, 991, 1002–1019
  • Marriage to foreigners, Soviet prohibition of Soviet citizens from, 808, 812–813, 892, 922
  • Military occupations, record of, 825–828
  • Military preparations, 844
  • Mutual guarantee pact against German and Japanese aggression, U.S. offer of, 877–878
  • National holiday greetings, 929–930
  • Nationalization and confiscation of American property without compensation, U.S. reservations regarding, 911–912
  • Newsweek article of May 17 describing Soviet Union as aggressor, Soviet protest regarding, 886–888; U.S. reply, 896–898
  • Paramount Soviet interests in Dairen, Port Arthur, and the Manchurian railroads, U.S. agreement to recognize, 877
  • Peace offensive, 889–890
  • Peaceful coexistence, 942n
  • Political and military objectives, 337–338, 767, 825, 833, 837, 844–848, 851, 854–858, 865–866, 886, 909–910, 919–920, 942–947
  • Political situation in, reports on, 797–798, 800–805, 808–811, 816–819, 824, 875–876, 894–896, 903–906, 916
  • Progressive Party of Henry Wallace, attitude toward, 932–933
  • Protection of American lives, welfare, and interests, 789, 806–808, 911–912
  • Purge in Soviet musical world, 808–811, 948–949
  • Russian Orthodox Church, position of, 801–802, 838–840, 903–905
  • Satellites in Eastern Europe: Absorption or annexation of, question of, 293–294, 296–300, 362–363, 418n, 752, 757–758, 814–815, [Page 1152] 1090; economic cooperation with, 933–934; secret economic and military agreements with, 360; policy toward, 848, 854–855; power over, 643
  • Secret police (All Russian Extraordinary Commission or Cheka), 790, 892–893
  • Soviet consulates general at New York and San Francisco, closure of, 1051, 1053
  • Soviet official representation in the United States, considerations regarding reduction of and restrictions oh, 793–794, 796n, 797, 803, 819, 850–851, 867, 881–884, 888, 940
  • Special security interests in Central and Eastern Europe, public recognition by Secretary Byrnes of, 877
  • Sphere of influence, 83, 643, 748, 835, 837
  • Stalin, reports regarding health of, 821–822
  • Stalinism, 894–895
  • Stalin’s letter to Henry Wallace, May 17, 870–874; Department of State press release, May 18, regarding, 871n, 873
  • State Secrets Act (1947), 891, 922
  • Stateless persons, Soviet treatment of, 923–924
  • Sweden, Soviet policy toward, 785
  • Tourism, 893
  • Trade policies, 490–491, 498–499, 521–522, 551, 591
  • Travel restrictions for members of foreign missions, 892, 921–923, 926, 928–929, 934–937; proposals for restrictions on Soviet mission in the United States, 922–923, 926, 929, 935–937
  • Treaties and agreements, Soviet violations of, 881
  • Truman: reelection of, Soviet attitude toward, 931–933; State of the Union message, Tass interpretation of, 794–795
  • UNRRA shipments to, 491, 876
  • U.S. citizens prisoners in the Soviet Union, proposed exchange for Soviet citizens prisoners in the U.S. zone of Germany, 902, 906–908, 934, 942–943
  • U.S. consulate general at Vladivostok, closure of, 1051, 1053
  • U.S. cooperation with the Soviet Union, acts evidencing desire for, 876–878; Soviet response, 878–879
  • U.S. credits in postwar period, U.S. offer of, 876, 878
  • U.S. embassy stair in Moscow, considerations regarding reduction of, 793–794; 819–820, 822, 828, 881–884, 888
  • U.S. loans to (1941–1942), 965n, 982
  • U.S. military mission in Moscow during World War II, 876
  • U.S. policy toward security of nations threatened by the Soviet Union but not members of the North Atlantic defense arrangement, 172–176
  • U.S. policy toward, 85, 102, 336, 337n, 500, 788n, 834–838, 845–866, 868–871, 874, 930–931
  • U.S. relations with, 155, 354–356, 362, 850, 853–854, 856–858, 859n
  • Venezia Giulia and Trieste, U.S. compromise with Soviet Union and Yugoslavia on boundaries and administration of, 877
  • Vinson mission to Moscow, consideration of, 926–927, 932–933
  • Violation of South Korean air space by Soviet planes, U.S. representations regarding, 928
  • Violations of Soviet territory and commercial shipping by American planes, Soviet protests regarding, 788, 795, 899–901; U.S. replies, 795, 813–814, 841, 874–875, 927–928
  • Visa for Father Dion, Soviet refusal of, 867–868
  • Voice of America broadcasts, Soviet jamming of, 832–833, 842, 864, 893–894
  • World domination, objective of, 3–4, 49
  • Xenophobia, 890–896, 922
• Spaak, Paul-Henri, 863, 885
• Spain, 380, 474, 514, 568, 746, 1062, 1111
• Spassoff, Velislave, 303n
• Stahlberg, Kaarlo J., 773
• Stalin, Tosif Vissaronovich: Advice to Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1929), 833; advice to Soviet economists, 876n; Allied occupation of Japan, refusal to participation of Soviet troops under foreign commander, 825; President Beneš of Czechoslovakia, conversation with, 748; Berlin question, 932; Churchill’s Fulton speech, 945; Communist doctrine, 945, 947–948, 1104, 1109; Cominform policy toward Tito, 905–906; conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 607, 720; Council of Workers’ Deputies in Petrograd, member of Executive Committee of (1917), 1025n; Finland, policy toward, 766, 768–769, 771–772; foreign [Page 1153] policy, 723, 846; health of, 821–822; imperialism, 941; imprisonment, 1026; interviews with foreign correspondents, 824, 898; leadership of, 426, 818–819, 821, 898, 918; press controls in the Soviet Union, 898; Ambassador Smith, conversation with, 836, 841; 846–847; spheres of influence, 835; Ukrainian S.S.R., letter to, 801; U.S. loans (1941–1942), 965, 982; U.S. policy toward Soviet Union, 835, 838; Vinson mission to Moscow, proposed, 926n; Henry Wallace, May 17, letter to, 870–874; world revolution as instrument of Soviet strategy, concept of, 293; Yugoslav defection, 1073, 1075, 1078–1079, 1083–1084, 1091, 1101, 1109; Zhdanov death, 916–917
• Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, 372n, 373, 391–392
• Stassen, Harold L., 509, 824, 898
• State–Army–Navy–Air Force Coordinating Committee (SANACC): Military aid priorities, 192; peace treaties with Italy and Soviet Balkan satellites, implementation of military clauses of, 329–332, 358–359, 362; U.S. strategic interests in Greece and Turkey, 158–160, 191, 192n
• State–War–Navy Coordinating Committee (SWNCC), implementation of military clauses of peace treaties with Italy and Soviet Balkan satellites, 317–318, 329n, 330
• Stefanova, Katia, 291
• Steinhardt, Laurence A., 521–522, 733n, 734–735, 736n, 738–744, 747–756
• Stenger, J. J., 575
• Stettinius, Edward R., Jr., 1014–1018
• Stevens, Francis B., 298–300, 402–406, 423, 564n, 595, 722, 867–868, 905–906, 994, 996
• Stratford Development Corporation, 1018
• Stratos, George, 155
• Stratton, William G., 402
• Strauss, Frederick, 575
• Stripling, Robert E., 1038n
• Suez Canal, 626–627
• Sulzberger, Cyrus L., 362
• Sumenkovic (Choumenkovitch), 413
• Sundstrem, Kai, 775n
• Supreme Commander, Allied Powers, Japan (SCAP), 841, 874–875, 900
• Surplus Property Act of 1944, 969n
• Suslov, Mikhail Andreyevich, 918
• Svento, Rheinhold, 771, 782
• Sweden, 370, 404, 455, 472, 529, 567–568, 570–571, 573, 587, 760, 769, 785, 1062
• Sweetser. Capt Willard M., 1076–1077
• Switzerland, 370, 398, 439n, 445, 454–455, 529, 567, 587, 846, 1062
• Symington, W. Stuart, 134–135
• Syria, 72, 374
• Szanto, Zoltan, 663, 704
• Taft-Hartley Act, 932
• Takki, 774, 784
• Tangier, 514
• Tarasenko, Vasily Akimovich, 1000n
• Tasca, Henry, 575
• Taylor, Wayne C., 575, 578
• Tchernychev. see Chernyshev.
• Teheran Conference (1943), 748
• Texas Development Corporation, 1018
• Theophilus, Metropolitan, 839–840
• Thielen, Lt. Col. Bernard, 287–288, 295, 316
• Thierry, Adrien, 640n, 642, 663, 673–674, 684, 686, 719, 722
• Thomas, Father Jean de Matha, 868n
• Thompson, Llewellyn E., 15, 195, 298n, 353–355, 406, 414–416, 448–451, 516, 555–556, 595, 867–868, 960, 1011, 1096
• Thorp, Willard L., 489n, 498, 510–511, 524, 531–534, 542–544, 546, 557–560, 562, 590, 596n, 726, 732, 745–747, 950–976, 978–989, 1057
• Tidmarsh, Maj. Harold A., 156–157
• Tildy, Zoltán, 308
• Tilea, V.V., 418
• Tito, Marshal (Josip Broz): Balkan federation, 1082, 1089; blocked gold in the United States, 1057, 1059; Ambassador Cannon, conversation with, 1054–1058; claims question, 1057; Communist doctrine, 1115–1116; Dimitrov of Bulgaria, conference with, 293n; economic policies, 1108; European Recovery Program, attitude toward, 1086, 1098–1099; foreign policy, 1098–1099; Greece, policy toward, 1098; Greek guerrillas, question of recognition of, 30, 1055–1056; Hungarian attitude toward, 280; Hungarian prime minister, rumors regarding meeting with, 1067; Eric Johnston, conversation with, 1113; leadership and position of, 1077–1078; ex-Governor Olson, conversation with, 1098; opposition of exiled Yugoslavs to, 413; Soviet Union, break with, 115, 122, 167, 200, 207, 455n, 623, 626–627, 905–906, 919, 943–944, 1073–1075, 1077–1081, 1083–1085, 1087–1091, 1098, 1101, 1103, 1105–1111, 1113, 1117; Trieste, 1054–1055; U.S. economic assistance, question of, 1094, 1096; U.S. support for, considerations regarding, 1076–1077; U.S. trade relations, 1056–1058, 1094, 1098–1099, 1113, 1117; Yugoslav Communist Party Congress, 1097
• Togliatti, Palmiro, 833
• Tolstoy (Tolstaya), Alexandra Lvovna, 1024–1026, 1028–1030, 1033–1034, 1036, 1050
• Tolstoy, Count Lev Nikolayevich, 1024n
• Tolstoy Foundation, 1024, 1029, 1031, 1033–1036, 1047, 1049–1050, 1052
• Torngren, 774
• Trade between East and West Europe: Policies regarding, 356, 360, 454, 464–465, 476, 518, 526–528, 536–537, 539, 543, 547–548, 553, 558–559, 560n, 561–562, 564–565, 572, 607, 725; U.S. position, 565, 568, 576–578, 583n, 584, 590, 643
• Trade with the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Eastern zone of Germany, Finland, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia), U.S. export controls regarding (see also Export embargo under Civil aviation policy of the United States toward the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites), 340, 356–357, 491, 496–498, 502, 508–514, 517, 527, 533, 535, 539, 541–545, 548, 554, 778, 994–996, 998–999, 1001, 1010–1011, 1019
  • Advisory committee, 523n, 525, 542, 545–547, 554; ad hoc subcommittee of, 523, 525–527, 536–542, 544, 548
  • Albania, effect of restrictions on, 538
  • Arms, ammunition, and implements of war, controls regarding, 523, 526, 528, 532, 538–539, 541, 562, 565–566, 569, 585
  • Atomic energy materials, controls regarding, 526, 568, 568
  • Austria, proposed treatment of, 544, 549, 577
  • Barter arrangements, proposals regarding, 550–551
  • Bulgaria, effect of restrictions on, 538
  • Capital equipment for war industries, 502–503
  • Commercial agreements and treaties affected by, 546–547, 552–553, 563–564
  • Control lists, 495, 502, 511, 539–540
  • Control procedures, 512–514, 539–541, 548–549, 552n
  • Czechoslovakia, effect of restrictions on, 538, 590
  • Economic warfare against the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 525–526, 529, 542, 581
  • Export controls, enforcement of, 568, 588
  • False destinations, listing of, 568
  • Finland, exception for, 455, 543, 545, 549–550, 567, 570, 577
  • Inspection, 541
  • Most-favored-nation principle, 491, 493–495, 497
  • National security interests, 489n, 512, 525, 535, 541, 548, 552–553, 566, 778n
  • Nondiscrimination, 491–492, 513
  • Poland, effect of restrictions on, 528–532, 538, 543, 545, 555–556, 573
  • Presidential Proclamation 2776 regarding export controls, 452–453, 455, 458, 528, 538, 566, 569
  • Private trading arrangements between American firms and the Soviet Union, 550–551
  • Prohibited list, 548, 553–554, 565, 579, 586, 589n, 1117
  • Reexports, control of, 541
  • Reparations deliveries, questions regarding continuation of, 536n
  • Restricted list, 586
  • Rubber shipments to the Soviet Union, U.S. efforts to restrict, 554–555, 569, 574–575, 578–582
  • Short supply items, 490, 492, 502, 506–507, 514, 523, 539–541, 553
  • Soviet military potential, items contributing to, 490–492, 506, 512, 522n, 527, 532, 536, 538–539, 543, 548–549, 551, 553, 565–566, 582, 585
  • Soviet sales of gold to acquire dollars, effort to restrict, 569
  • Soviet stockpiling program, efforts to control shipments for, 563–564, 569, 575, 579, 582
  • Soviet Union, effect of restrictions on, 563, 831, 857, 994–996, 998–999, 1001
  • State trade monopolies, 494–497, 499, 510
  • Third-country leakage of strategic items, 568
  • Transshipment or diversion at free ports, 568
  • U.S. credits, utilization of, 504–505
  • U.S. critical strategic imports from the Soviet Union arid Soviet satellites, 550–552, 563–565; chrome, 490, 510, 536–537, 539, 542, 548, 552, 563, 569, 580–581; iridium, 490; manganese ore, 490, 510, 536–537, 539, 542, 548, 552, 563, 569, 580–582; platinum, 510, 536–537
  • U.S. exports to the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 489–592, 495–497, 501, 508, 510, 512, 528, 535, 537–539, 542–545, 548, 554
  • U.S. imports from the Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 490, 496–497, 510, 527–528, 536–537, 543–544, 548–549
  • U.S. policy, 489–592
  • Western European countries, negotiation of agreements with, 565–570, 577, 579, 585–588
  • Yugoslavia, considerations regarding exceptions for, 566, 1109–1110, 1117
• Treasury, Department of the, 29n, 73, 431, 525, 569, 815–816, 1002, 1059–1060, 1093
• Treaties, conventions, agreements, etc. (see also agreements under individual countries):
  • Agreement between the Soviet Union and Hungary regarding Hungarian debts involved in German external assets (1947), 344–345
  • Agreement between the Soviet Union and Hungary regarding joint shipping company (1946), 679
  • Agreement between the Soviet Union and Romania regarding joint shipping company (1945), 679
  • Agreement between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia regarding joint shipping company, 679
  • Agreement between the United States and Greece concerning U.S. aid (1947), 76
  • Agreement between the United States and Greece regarding relief supplies (1947), 76
  • Agreement between the United States and Poland on economic and financial cooperation (1946), 518n
  • Agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union relating to disposition of lend-lease supplies in inventory or procurement in the United States (pipeline agreement) (1945), 985, 990, 994–996, 998–1002, 1005, 1010–1011, 1019
  • Air services transit agreement! (1944), 487
  • Anglo-Iraqi treaty, 72
  • Anglo-Soviet pact of mutual assistance (1941), 722
  • Arbitration agreement (1929), 1062–1063
  • Armistice agreements with Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania, 828
  • Atlantic Charter, 421n
  • Bermuda agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom regarding civil aviation, 440, 443
  • Bretton Woods financial and monetary agreements (1944), 504, 1061–1062, 1069
  • Brussels Pact between the United: Kingdom, France, Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg, Mar. 17, 115, 172, 214, 681, 843
  • Bucharest convention (1939), 648n, 651, 663, 713
  • Civil aviation agreement between the Soviet Union and Hungary (1946), 442n
  • Civil aviation agreement between the United Kingdom and Czechoslovakia, 486–487
  • Civil aviation agreement between the United States and Czechoslovakia (1946), 450–451, 453, 455, 487
  • Commercial agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union (1987), 493–494, 552n, 564n, 572, 853, 857
  • Convention concerning the regime of navigation on the Danube, Aug. 18. see under Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube.
  • Convention instituting the definitive statute of the Danube (1921). see under Conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube.
  • Convention on international civil aviation (1944), 487
  • Cultural convention between the United Kingdom and Czechoslovakia (1947), 734, 753
  • Economic cooperation agreement between the Soviet Union and Hungary, secret protocols to, 347–348
  • Economic cooperation agreement between the Soviet Union and Romania, secret protocols to, 347–348, 351
  • Economic cooperation agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom, 562
  • Four-Power control agreement on Austria (1946), 689
  • General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) (1947), 534–536, 552n, 559
  • Geneva convention, 418
  • Inter-American Defense Treaty, 17
  • Lend-lease agreement between the United States and Czechoslovakia (1942), 758
  • Lend-lease agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union (1942), 950n, 951–967, 969, 975, 979–980, 982–990, 1004, 1007, 1010–1018, 1020, 1022
  • Montreux convention, 877
  • Moscow agreement (1945), 874, 899–900
  • Nonaggression agreements (1939), 766
  • Potsdam agreement (1945), 345, 692, 827
  • Provisional commercial agreement between the United States and Romania (1930), 552n
  • Reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Finland (1936), 552n
  • Renville agreements, Jan. 17, regarding Indonesia, 886
  • Roosevelt-Litvinoff agreement (1933), 816, 912n, 1034
  • Saadabad pact, 294
  • Sinaia agreements between Romania, France, and the United Kingdom (1938), 640, 648n, 651, 663, 713
  • Surplus property agreement between the United States and Greece, Jan. 6, 7–8
  • Surplus property agreement between the United States and Poland (1946), 531
  • The Hague Convention, 1062–1063
  • Trade agreement between the United Kingdom and Poland, 529
  • Trade agreements between the Soviet Union and: Belgium, 846; Netherlands, 581–582; Switzerland, 846; United Kingdom, (1947), 555n, 562, 581–582, 846
  • Treaties of peace with Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania, Feb. 10, 1947, 279n, 282–284, 285n, 287, 302, 305n, 306, 307n, 310, 315–316, 319, 322–325, 329, 330n, 331–332, 334–335, 339–351, 353–362, 364, 370n, 371, 374, 385n, 388–390, 444n, 467, 469–470, 593–594, 597–599, 602–604, 608–610, 613, 626–627, 629n, 635, 639–640, 643, 655–657, 663, 665, 668, 673, 679–680, 685, 688–689, 702, 707, 714, 719, 725, 729, 1061
  • Treaty of commerce between the United States and Serbia (1881), 552n
  • Treaty of friendship and military alliance between the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia (1943), 747, 749, 768
  • Treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Bulgaria and Romania, Jan. 1948, 293n, 294n
  • Treaty of frienship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia (1947), 293n
  • Treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Finland and the Soviet Union, Apr. 6, 776–782, 784
  • Treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Hungary and Romania, Jan. 1948, 293n, 295, 768
  • Treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Hungary and the Soviet Union, Feb. 18, 295, 307, 309, 763–764, 776–777, 780
  • Treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance between Romania and the Soviet Union, Feb. 4, 294–295, 764, 776–777, 780; secret military protocols, 311–312
  • Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation between the United States and Finland (1934), 552n
  • Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation between the United States and Hungary (1925), 552n
  • Treaty of friendship, commerce, and navigation between the United States and Poland (1931), 552n
  • Treaty of Paris, (1856), 648n
  • Treaty of peace between the Soviet Union and Finland (1940), 769
  • Treaty of peace with Finland, 759, 761–764, 767
  • Treaty of peace with Italy, 69, 116, 217, 310, 317, 353, 357, 364, 583–584, 673, 878, 1061
  • Treaty of Versailles (1919), 649n, 715
  • Varkiza agreement between the Greek Government and the National Liberation Front (EAM) (1945), 74–75, 92
  • Weather station (Greenland) agreement between the United States and Denmark, 464
  • Yalta agreement (1945), 312, 380, 878
• Treaties, effect of war on validity of, 714–715
• Treaty claims, 360
• Treaty committee. see Committee for implementing treaties of peace with countries of South Europe.
• Trieste: British policy toward, 843; European Recovery Program, relationship to, 1072; joint Anglo-American-French statement, Mar. 20, 843, 1066; problems concerning, 310, 360; Soviet pressure on, 208, 843, 911, 1111; U.N. Security Council, 1101, 1105; U.S. compromise regarding boundaries and administration of, 877; U.S. policy toward, 1054–1055, 1072; Yugoslav claim to, 298, 877; Yugoslav policy toward, 1054, 1070–1071, 1101
• Trotsky, Leon, 426, 743n, 917, 1096
• Troyanovsky, Alexander Antonovich, 845n
• Troyanovsky, Oleg Alexandrovich, 845, 847
• Truesdell, George E., 564n, 952, 960, 971, 978, 994n, 1011–1012
• Truman, Harry S.: Address at the University of California, Berkeley, on the progress of world peace, June 12, 105; address to Congress on securing peace and preventing war, Mar. 17, 65, 338, 781, 823, 881; Baltic States, status of, 396, 399–400, 407; Berlin blockade, 1095; broadcast statement, Oct. 29, 214; civil aviation policy toward Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 449, 451n, 455n, 459, 465; conference to consider the [Page 1157] free navigation of the Danube, 596, 625, 686; determination of the end of the emergency referred to in the master lend-lease agreements, 976, 996–997, 1011–1018; Displaced Persons Act of 1948, 403n; economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey, 124–125, 144, 158, 179, 185, 194, 208–209, 215–217; emergency powers, 523n; International Peasants Union, 421–422; lend-lease authority, 955, 958, 976, 985, 1007; lend-lease settlement negotiations with the Soviet Union, 976, 1013; message to Congress regarding economic and military assistance to Greece and Turkey, Mar. 12, 1947, 144, 158, 179; ex-King Peter of Yugoslavia, conversation with, 416–418; Polish press attacks on, 530; Proclamation 2776 regarding export controls, 452–453, 455, 458, 528, 538, 566, 569; reelection, Soviet attitude toward, 931–933; resignation of Ambassador Smith, 830n; return of merchant vessels by Soviet Union, 951, 956; revocation of exequatur of Soviet consul general in New York (Lomakin), 1045n, 1048, 1052; State of Union message to Congress, Jan. 7, 794; statement regarding U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 336; trade with Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 509, 511n, 528; U.S. military position in Greece, 101; U.S. policy toward Greece, 5–6, 25, 46–47, 49; U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union, 834n, 835, 838, 840n, 859n, 861, 866n; U.S. relations with the Soviet Union, 796n; U.S. representation in Greece, 14; U.S. representative on UNSCOB, appointment of, 778; Van Fleet appointment, 87; Vinson mission to Moscow, consideration of, 926–927; Yugoslavia, U.S. policy toward, 417, 1095, 1098
• Truman Doctrine. see U.S. economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey.
• Tsaldaris, Constantine: Coalition government, participation in, 58, 117, 137, 181, 183, 186; Czechoslovak air services to Greece, 442n; Eastern Mediterranean bloc, proposals for creation of, 42, 79; Greek armed forces, size and support of, 154–156, 165–166; 181–182; Greek Government, changes in, 81; guerrilla attitude toward, 101; Italian elections, impact of, 68–69, 70n; joint Anglo-American-French guarantee of Greek integrity, proposed, 61n; joint Anglo-American staff talks, proposed, 61n; Ladas assassination, 82n; military situation in Greece, 129–130; political prisoners, execution of, 85–86, 87n, 114; Soviet peace overtures, 80, 113–121, 129; U.N. General Assembly consideration of Greek case, 273n; UNSCOB report, 249; U.S. military aid, 1, 213; U.S. policy toward Greece, 54
• Tsankov, Alexander, 428
• Tsarapkin, Semyen Konstantovich, 789
• Tsouderos, Emmanuel, 67, 80, 137
• Tuomioja, Sakari, 785
• Turkey:
  • Alexandretta, dispute with Syria regarding, 72
  • American mission for aid to Turkey, 78, 193
  • Armed attack on, proposed U.S. policy regarding, 175
  • Bulgarian political refugees, proposed utilization of, 321
  • Customs union with Greece, proposed, 43
  • Czechoslovak air services to, U.S. efforts to block, 476–478, 480
  • Eastern Mediterranean bloc, proposed creation of, 41–42, 70–72, 79, 149; 214
  • Economic and financial aid to, 1, 34–36, 46n, 55–56, 62, 184, 215–216, 221
  • Economic cooperation agreement with the United States, July 4, 114
  • Economic situation in, 44
  • European Recovery Program, relationship to, 35–36, 53–54, 85
  • Greece, relations with, 42
  • Italian naval vessels, Turkish opposition to transfer to Soviet Union of, 217
  • Military aid to, 1, 20–21, 34, 36n, 44–45, 46n, 55–56, 84, 97–98, 102, 135, 144–145, 153, 158–159, 184–186, 192n, 193–194, 214–217
  • Mobilization, status of, 787
  • North Atlantic defense arrangement, question regarding inclusion of Turkey in, 213–214
  • Report of U.S. Ambassador concerning assistance to Turkey, July 15, 1947, 193n
  • Soviet efforts to obtain control of, 2, 34–35, 44–45, 47, 49, 71–72, 83, 134–135, 148, 159, 191–192, 298, 319, 843
  • Soviet Union, Turkish policy toward, 148, 217, 219
  • Territorial integrity and political independence of, 2, 35, 45, 47, 62, 83–85
  • Trade with Soviet bloc, 514, 567, 587
  • U.S. policy toward, 34–35, 44–45, 46n, 73, 98, 144, 175, 214
  • U.S. relations with: Consultations regarding U.S. policies, 21, 148; sale of Turkish tobacco to British and U.S. zones in Germany, discussions concerning, 149–150
  • U.S. strategic interests in, 158–159, 184, 189, 191–192
  • U.S. Survey Mission to Turkey (1947), 34–35
  • Western European pact, question of Turkish relationship to, 114–115, 148–149, 173, 184–185
• Turner, Robert K., 744
• Tuthill, John W., 596–601, 622–623, 726n, 728–729, 731
• Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 296–297, 300, 374, 405, 422, 426, 571, 663, 800–801, 804, 877
• Union of South Africa, 474
• United Incandescent Lamp (Tungsram), 348
• United Kingdom (see also British subheadings under individual countries and subjects): Devaluation of the pound, 529; lend-lease assistance to, 1021; lend-lease settlement, 956, 966, 982, 1003, 1021–1022; Nazi Germany, policy toward, 19; strategic importance of, 189; trade with the Soviet bloc, 514, 585–586; Western European union, 845, 856
• United Nations:
  • Atomic energy, international control of, 873, 877, 879, 922, 928
  • Constabulary or gendarmerie, proposed, 261
  • Czechoslovak case, 415, 736–737
  • Disarmament, Soviet proposals regarding, 879, 928
  • Economic and Social Council: Danube commission, relationship to, 665, 669–670, 706; Danube conference and convention, U.S. policy regarding, 725–726: displaced children, 254; ECE report, approval of, 557–559; session of, 557, 559; specialized organizations, relations with, 706; Yugoslav assets frozen in the United States, 1061, 1063
  • Finnish appeal to, proposed, 765–766
  • General Assembly: Czechoslovak case, 746; Danube conference and convention, U.S. policy toward, 722, 725–726, 732; Interim Committee, 224–225, 228, 256, 266, 273; international trade, Polish charges regarding discrimination in, 478, 585, 588; membership Questions, 370n, 371, 374, 376–378; Palestine, special session on, 240–241, 825–826; Soviet wives of foreign citizens, discussions concerning, 924–925; third session at Paris (see also under Greek Frontier, Northern), 154n, 155, 233, 241, 243, 245n, 269, 270n, 358, 370n, 373n, 374, 787, 930, 935; troops in nonenemy territory, resolution concerning stationing of (1946), 17; warmongering resolution, 887–888, 896; Yugoslav attitude toward, 1113–1114
  • Membership for Soviet satellites, question of, 293, 371, 374n, 375
  • Military Staff Committee, Soviet obstruction in, 879
  • Palestine cease-fire order, 138
  • Principles of, 94, 245
  • Registration of treaties and agreements, 567
  • Secretary-General, 230–231, 240, 253, 260–261, 264, 267, 273, 275, 277, 282n, 371, 374n, 375
  • Security Council (see also under Greek Frontier, Northern):
    • Berlin blockade, 945
    • Corfu case, Soviet veto of, 879
    • Czechoslovak case, 744–747; Soviet veto of, 745–746
    • Finnish case, 767, 769
    • Iranian case (1946), 766
    • Membership applications: Albania, 374n; Hungary, 377–378; Soviet satellites, 359, 371; Soviet vetoes, 371, 374, 879
    • Spanish case (1946), 746; Soviet veto of, 879
    • Syrian case, Soviet veto of, 879
    • Trieste question, 1101, 1105
  • Soviet attitude toward, 879
  • Soviet exchanges with Western Powers, 728
  • Soviet walkouts, 686
  • Specialized agencies, 877, 879
  • World Congress of Intellectuals, question of affiliation with, 914
  • Yugoslav defection from Soviet bloc, 1076
• U.N. Charter, 2, 4–5, 11, 16–19, 24, 31–33, 40–41, 47, 61, 84, 100–101, 140, 175, 208, 219, 222–223, 236, 240, 245, 252, 253n, 270n, 272, 274, 381, 421n, 588, 659, 676–677, 688, 695, 705n, 719, 746, 767, 769, 835, 887, 888n, 902n
• U.N. Commission on Palestine, U.S. observers on, 260–261
• U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 706, 913–914
• U.N. Relief and Rehabilitation administration (UNRRA): Assistance to Poland, 517–518, 520; assistance to Yugoslavia, 692; shipments to the Soviet Union, 491, 538; termination of, 44, 403
• U.N. Security Council Commission of Investigation. see under Greek Frontier, Northern.
• U.N. Special Committee on the Balkans (UNSCOB). see under Greek Frontier, Northern.
• U.S. Air Force in Europe (USAFE), 450
• U.S. economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey (Truman Doctrine) (see also under Greece and Turkey), 1–221
• U.S. Marines, 19–20, 286, 517
• Universal military training in the United States, 766, 794, 837–838
• Universal Oil Products Corporation, 1018
• Vaidyla, Michael, 402
• Vamberg, Rustem, 373n
• Vandenberg, Arthur H., 36n, 55n, 61, 74, 96, 148, 534, 596, 601, 888, 932
• Vandenberg resolution. see under North Atlantic defense arrangements.
• Van Fleet, Lt. Gen. James A., 37, 56, 64, 74, 96n, 103–104, 106–107, 109, 131–132, 142–143, 146, 150–152, 154–155, 158, 160–164, 168, 170, 177, 185, 187, 190, 193–194, 205, 210–212, 218, 220
• Van Kleffens, Eelco, 318–319
• Varga, Bela, 435
• Varga, Evgeny Samoylovich, 811, 875, 940–944, 947–948
• Vatican, 336, 360–367, 384, 389, 394–395, 904
• Vedeler, Harold C., 414–416, 595, 743n
• Velchev, Gen. Damian, 428
• Velebit, Vladimir, 1103
• Venezia, Giulia, 877
• Venizelos, Sophocles, 186
• Versailles Conference (1919), 635
• Vesterinen, 774–775
• Viiding, 774
• Vilhula, 773–775, 782–783
• Villard, Henry S., 154, 235n
• Vincent, John Carter, 400–401, 410, 643n
• Vinson, Fred M., 926–927, 932–933
• Visoianu, Constantin, 410
• Vlazov, Irrdan, 291
• Voice of America (VOA), 102, 230, 336, 358, 360, 365, 376, 379, 394, 403–404, 406, 420, 425–427, 685, 725–726, 732, 800, 811, 832–833, 864, 893–894, 919, 923n, 929, 930–931, 947–948, 1109
• Voionmaa, Tapio, 760
• Voulgaris, Adm. Petros, 180
• Vukmanović-Tempo, Svetozar, 1103
• Vyshinsky, Andrey Yanuaryevich: Arrest of U.S. military attachés in Hungary, 316–317; attitude of, 829, 903, 945; conference to consider the free navigation of the Danube, 631–633, 635–637, 640–645, 649–657, 659, 664–675, 678–682, 686–688, 692–694, 697–698, 700, 702, 704, 708–710, 716, 719–721, 1100; customs difficulties for U.S. embassy, 791, 796, 829; exit visas for Soviet spouses of American citizens and detained American citizens, 901, 923; housing problems for U.S. embassy, 828, 882; nationalization of American property, 911–912; Romania, Soviet intervention in, 750; Soviet currency reform, 791–792; Soviet foreign policy, 851, 853; Soviet official representation in the United States, proposed reduction of and restrictions on, 867n, 883; U.N. General Assembly session at Paris, 930; U.S. embassy staff, size of, 828, 883
• Wade, Col. Ralph H., 303n
• Wadsworth, George, 193–194, 213n, 217–218
• Walker, Col. E. A., 152–153, 195
• Wallace, Henry Agard, 865, 871, 873, 932–933
• Wallander, Arthur W., 1028
• Wallinger, Geoffrey A., 82, 371, 375–376
• War, act of, 5, 40–41, 48
• War between the United States and the Soviet Union, considerations regarding possibility of, 5, 9, 65–66, 84, 98–99, 189–190, 322, 327, 337, 354, 412, 517, 526, 532, 752, 834, 837, 843–844, 858, 919–920, 943, 945–946, 1030, 1104, 1110–1113
• War Department. see Army, Department of the.
• Warren, Avra Milvin, 760–765, 767–786
• Warsaw conference of foreign ministers of Soviet Union and Soviet satellites, 889, 910
• Warsaw Youth Conference, 1100
• Watson, Adam, 311–312, 364
• Watson, John H., 462
• Wedemeyer, Lt. Gen. Albert C., 145, 193, 218, 1086–1087
• Weinbaum, Mark (Max), 1025n,