Index

References are to document numbers

    • Abshire, David M., 50
    • Abu Dhabi, 234
    • Acheson, Dean, 5, 11, 20
    • Aden, 35
    • Adham, Kamal Sheik, 162
    • African liberation movements, 68
    • African Party for the Independence of Portuguese Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), 97
    • Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organization, 92
    • Agency for International Development (AID), 17, 52, 68
    • Agnew, Spiro T.:
      • NSC policy discussions on Southern Africa, 20, 23
      • Portuguese role in Africa, 96
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 28, 39
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 32
      • U.S. arms embargo on Southern Africa, 40
    • Ahidjo, Ahmadou, 177
    • Ahmad Khalifa al-Sawaydi, 234
    • AIRCO, 37
    • Alarcon DeQuesada, Ricardo, 132
    • Alexander, Edward J., 34
    • Algeria, 91, 160, 166
    • Allegheny Ludlum Steel, 239
    • Alves, Maj. Nito, 116
    • Alvor Accord, 129, 130
    • AMAX, 45
    • American Asbestos, 37
    • American Metal Climax, 53
    • Amin, Idi, 103, 120, 137, 139, 144
    • Andersen, Knud Borge, 234
    • Anderson, Jack, 161
    • Andrew, Robert, 135
    • Andrews, E.F. “Andy,” 239
    • Angola (see also Angola and Angolan subheadings under other subjects; Political parties and liberation movements; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola):
      • Alvor Accord, 129, 130
      • Competing regimes for diplomatic recognition, 135, 136, 171
      • Cuban involvement in, 132
        • Aircraft stopover and refueling rights, 160
        • British position, 193
        • Costs of, 173
        • Force levels, 141
        • MPLA position, 190
        • Soviet-U.S. talks on, 145
        • U.S.-Angolan relations, 190
        • Use of Soviet transport for, 147
        • U.S. position, 186
      • DRC/Zaire-U.S. talks on, 149
      • Economic sanctions against, 32, 36
      • Economic situation in, 93
      • France, relations with, 174
      • Independence for, 79, 135, 136
      • Liberation movements in, 68, 93
      • Literacy in, 113
      • Military aid for FNLA/UNITA government:
      • Military situation in, 113, 116
      • Naval blockade of, 29
      • Nigerian-RSA talks over, 199
      • NSC meetings on, 113
      • OAU role in, 101, 105, 138, 139, 146, 150, 167
      • Peace talks among parties from, 101, 146
      • Portuguese policy toward, 109, 128, 129, 130
      • Portuguese rule in, 9, 116
      • Portuguese-U.S. talks on, 131, 160
      • Refugees from, 99, 103
      • Rhodesian role of, 113
      • RSA military role in:
      • Sino-Soviet competition in, 92, 141
      • Soviet role in:
      • Tanzanian proposal on, 156
      • United States, relations with:
        • Closing of U.S. consulate, 134, 135
        • Evacuation of U.S. diplomatic personnel, 133, 135
        • MPLA position, 190
        • U.S. position, 188, 191
      • U.N. membership for, 136, 186, 188, 189, 190, 191
      • U.S. arms embargo against, 40
      • U.S. help in Portuguese evacuation of, 125
      • U.S. investment in, 68, 91
      • U.S. policy toward:
        • Aims and options in, 17
        • Guidelines for, 93
        • In the independence era, 105, 109
        • Prevention of Neto takeover, 108
        • Review of, 147, 148
      • U.S. role in, as seen by African leaders, 111
      • U.S.–RSA cooperation on, 83
      • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in:
      • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 112, 115, 117, 119
    • Ansary, Hushang, 161
    • Antiballistic missiles, 88
    • Antimony, 53
    • Anyaoku, Eleazar Chukwuemeka, 223, 232, 233
    • Apartheid, 1
    • Arenales, Alfonso, 110
    • Armstrong, Anne, 208, 233
    • Armstrong, Gen. R.F., 78, 80, 81
    • Asbestos, 8, 52
    • Ascension Island, 139, 196
    • Asencio, Diego, 90
    • Ashe, Arthur, 12, 18, 19, 21
    • Aspin, Norman, 215
    • Assad, Hafez al-, 204
    • Atoms for Peace Program, 17
    • Austin, Timothy, 189
    • Australia, 234
    • Avery, Sewell, 130
    • Azores, 68, 87, 160
    • Azevedo, Adm. Joseé Pinheiro de, 128
    • Baker, James, 72
    • Bandaranaike, Sirimavo, 35
    • Banda, Rupiah, 150, 193, 195
    • Barbados, 160
    • Barbour, Robert, 137, 139
    • Barr, Brady G., 36
    • Basele Ikondi ya Bankoko Lopori, 99
    • Baster people, 205
    • Beatty, William, 45
    • Belgium, 99, 234
    • Benguela Railroad, 93, 113, 173
    • Benin, 160
    • Bennett, W. Tapley, 150
    • Bergh, Gen. Hendrik Johannes Van Den, 10, 196, 203
    • Bergsten, C. Fred, 22
    • Berne Union, 234
    • Bertram, Christoph, 192
    • Birnbaum, Phil, 215
    • Bisengimana, Barthelemy, 91, 166
    • Black Parents’ Association, 203
    • Blee, David H., 165
    • Bliss, L.G. “Tony,” 37
    • Bomani, Paul, 200
    • Bongo, Omar, 144, 166, 174
    • Botha, Roelof Frederik:
      • On Kissinger as Communist, 204
      • Plebescite offer for South West Africa/Namibia, 54
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 200, 222, 235
        • Economic support plan for, 215
        • Transitional government, 236
        • U.S.–RSA talks on, 196, 203, 236, 238
      • U.S. economic policy toward RSA, 76
      • U.S.–RSA relations under Carter administration, 239
    • Botswana, 17, 20, 53, 71, 87
    • Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 152
    • Boverie, Col. Richard T., 163
    • Bowdler, William G., 81, 196, 203, 213
    • Brazil, 70, 136
    • Bremer, Jerry, 111, 112, 121, 138, 156
    • Brezhnev, Leonid I., 77, 140
    • Brown, Robert L., 16
    • Brown, Gen. George S.:
      • Angola:
      • Ocean surveillance, 80
      • U.S. policy toward Southern Africa, 84
    • Bruce, Robert L., 26, 27, 41
    • Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 239
    • Buchanan, Patrick, 8, 171, 185
    • Buffum, William, 38, 138
    • Bureau of Intelligence and Research:
      • Intelligence Notes:
        • No. 490: South Africa: The Invisible Government, 10
        • RAAN–11: South-West Africa: Enough South African-Waldheim Progress?, 75
        • RAFN–15: South-West Africa: Implications of South Africa’s Plebiscite Offer, 46
        • RESN–158: Portugal Proposes Dialogue with African States, 97
        • RSEN–60: USSR-Africa: Soviets Increasing Aid to African Liberation Fronts?, 92
    • Bush, George H.W., 96
      • Angola, U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 173, 175, 182, 183, 185, 187
      • Byrd Amendment, 55
      • Export-Import Bank loans to RSA, 82
      • Smith-Vorster meeting on Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 201
      • U.S. review of policy in Southern Africa, 84
    • Butcher, Goler T., 55
    • Butiku, Joseph W., 194, 204
    • Butler, Malcolm, 83
    • Butterfield, Alexander P., 96
    • Byatt, Robin, 229
    • Byelorussia, 136
    • Byl, Pieter K. van der, 223, 235
    • Byrd Amendment, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 69, 103, 194, 197
    • Byrd, Harry F., Jr., 56, 59
    • Cabinda:
      • Cuban troops in, 137
      • DRC/Zaire policy toward, 99, 113, 127
      • Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda, 103, 136
      • Separatism in, 131
      • U.S. investments in, 93
    • Cabora Bassa Dam, 94
    • Cabral, Amilcar Lopez, 194
    • Caetano, Marcello, 202
      • Autonomy for overseas territories, 68, 93, 94, 96
      • Conservative domination of government of, 97
      • Overseas provinces policy of Portugal, 89, 90, 91
      • Overthrow of, 98, 101
    • Callaghan, James:
      • Angola, 147, 193
      • Ford message exchange with, 210
      • Kissinger meetings with, 197, 198, 208
      • Kissinger message exchange with, 192, 193
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 193
        • British role in transition, 221, 229
        • Guarantees for Rhodesian whites, 196, 197, 208
        • U.S.-British talks on, 197, 236, 239
    • Cameroon, 136, 152, 166
    • Campbell, Hugh, 46
    • Campbell, Phil, 96
    • Canada, 234, 236
    • Cape Verde Islands, 87, 136, 160
    • Caprivi Strip, 29
    • Caradon, Lord, 16
    • Cardoso, Antonio da Silva, 130
    • Cardoso, Leonel, 129, 130
    • Carlucci, Frank, 125, 127, 128, 129, 160
    • Carter, Jimmy, 201, 205, 208, 239
    • Carter, W. Beverly, Jr., 51, 110, 117
    • Case, Clifford, 123
    • Cashews, 94
    • Catto, Henry E., Jr., 218, 220, 229, 232
    • Central America, 13
    • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA):
      • Angola:
        • Covert aid to non-Communist liberation groups, 102, 106, 112, 127
        • Cuban costs for intervention in, 173
        • U.S. military aid to DRC/Zaire, 121, 127
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government, 138, 144, 187
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 100, 106, 127
      • U.S. cooperative surveillance program with RSA, 78, 79
      • U.S. policy toward South West Africa/Namibia, 30
    • Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), 192
    • Ceylon, 35
    • Chacko, Eapen, 73
    • Chad, 166
    • Chase International, 45
    • Cheney, Richard, 163
    • Chicago Sun-Times, 192
    • China, People’s Republic of:
    • China, Republic of, 59, 70
    • Chipenda, Daniel, 106, 186
    • Chissano, Joaquim, 110, 124, 193, 204, 223
    • Chona, Mark:
      • Angola, 103, 121, 150
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 221, 222, 228, 231, 237, 239
        • Kissinger-Kaunda meetings on, 195, 205, 207
        • Patriotic Front in transition period, 239
        • Transitional government in, 235, 236
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 237, 238
    • Chrome:
    • Cisse, Jeanne Martin, 97
    • Clark, Richard, 123, 124, 139, 156, 180, 236
    • Clements, William P.:
      • Angola:
      • Ocean surveillance, 78, 80
    • Clift, Denis, 139
    • Coal, 52
    • Coal liquification, 83
    • Colby, William E.:
    • Colonialism, 194
    • Commerce, U.S. Department of, 23, 30, 31, 33, 83
    • Commonwealth of Nations, 35, 233, 236
    • Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC), 149
    • Conference of Nationalist Organizations of the Portuguese Colonies, 92
    • Conference in Support of Peoples of the Portuguese Colonies (Rome, June 1970), 92
    • Conger, Clement, 88
    • Conger, Clinton, 20
    • Congo, Democratic Republic of (DRC)/Zaire (see alsoDRC/Zaire subheadings under other subjects):
      • Angolan civil war’s impact on, 148
      • Belgium, relations with, 99
      • British economic aid to, 193
      • Cuban destruction of plane from, 185, 186
      • Portugal, relations with, 87
      • Schaufele visit to, 157, 166
      • United States, relations with, 79, 99, 113, 179
      • U.S. diplomacy in support for FNLA/UNITA government in Angola, 155, 158
      • U.S. economic and military aid to, 112, 115, 117, 119, 127, 179, 182, 185
    • Congo (K). See Congo, Democratic Republic of (DRC)/Zaire.
    • Congo, Republic of (Brazzaville):
      • DRC/Zaire move into Cabinda, possible reaction to, 127
      • MPLA aided by, 108, 141, 160
      • Soviet advisors for MPLA forces in, 141
      • U.S. reconnaissance flights over, 139, 147
    • Congress, U.S.:
      • Acts of:
      • Angola, 115, 125, 149
      • House Appropriations Committee, 147, 185, 187
      • House Armed Services Committee, 147
      • House Africa Subcommittee of the Foreign Affairs Committee, 76
      • House Foreign Affairs Committee, 147
      • House Select Committee on Intelligence, 147
      • Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, 63
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 208
      • Senate Appropriations Committee, 185
      • Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 20, 123, 147
      • South Africa visa restrictions, 12, 13
      • Zimbabwe Development Fund, 234
    • Connally, John B., Jr., 69, 96
    • Connell, James, 97
    • Connor, James E., 189
    • Conte Amendment, 17
    • Coote, Wendell B., 43
    • Copper, 53, 71, 113
    • Corning Glass, 20, 37
    • Costa Gomes, Francisco de, 125, 129
    • Costa Rica, 136
    • Cotton, 94
    • Cotton, Norris, 79
    • Council on International Economic Policy (CIEP), 83
    • Coutinho, Adm. António Alva Rosa, 130
    • Covey, James P., 203, 214
    • Cromer, Earl, 58, 62, 65, 66
    • Crosby, Oliver S., 2, 7, 13, 18, 50, 65
    • Crosland, Anthony, 197
      • British role in Rhodesian transition, 229
      • Conference for transition to majority rule in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 223, 233
      • Rhodesian acquiescence to majority rule, 213
      • Richard talks with, 223, 224
      • RSA suspension from IAEA, 86
      • U.S.-British talks on Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 202, 208, 235, 239
      • Zimbabwe Development Fund proposal, 234
    • Cuba (see also Cuba and Cuban subheadings under other subjects):
      • Recognition of MPLA government by, 136
      • United States, relations with, 170
    • Curran, Ted, 43, 63
    • Cutler, Walter L., 99, 111, 112, 127, 135
      • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in Angola, 137, 139, 149, 164, 166
    • Daddah, Ould, 56, 57, 58
    • Dahomey, 160
    • Dales, Richard, 202
    • Damara people, 1
    • Davis Cup, 21
    • Davis, Nathaniel, 103, 110, 111, 112, 115, 117, 118, 121, 149, 152
    • Declaration of Arusha (1967), 239
    • Defense Appropriations Act (1976), 183, 187
    • Defense, U.S. Department of, 30, 31, 83
    • Dellums, Ronald, 147
    • Denmark, 234
    • Denney, George C., 10
    • Détente, 118, 163
    • Development Assistance Committee, 234
    • De Villiers, David, 46
    • Devlin, Lawrence R., 111
    • Diamonds, 53, 91, 93
    • Dibrell, 37
    • Diego Garcia, 139
    • Diggs, Charles C., Jr.:
    • Dobrynin, Anatoly, 140, 142, 145, 146, 154, 156, 169
    • Dole, Robert J., 96
    • Dorman, Maurice, 67
    • Douglas-Home, Sir Alec:
      • British arms sales to South Africa, 34
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 37, 61, 62, 66, 235
    • Duckett, Carl, 106, 163
    • Duff, Anthony:
    • Dugard, John, 45
    • Dupont, 45
    • Eagleburger, Lawrence S., 121, 152, 202, 203, 208
    • East African Training Program (EATP), 68
    • East Caprivi people, 1
    • East and Central Africa Summit (Lusaka, May 1969), 9
    • Easum, Donald B., 144, 149
    • Echeverri, Ossa G., 196
    • Edmondson, William B., 217, 235, 236, 237
    • Eduardo Pinnock, Johnny, 107, 116
    • Egypt, 194
    • Ekangaki, Nzo, 97
    • Elections:
      • Angola (Nov. 1975), 107, 113
      • Rhodesia (Apr. 1970), 27
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe (transitional), 224
      • South Africa (Apr. 1970), 18
      • United States (1976), 201, 202, 203, 205, 238
    • Eliot, Theodore L., Jr., 44, 48
    • Elizabeth II, Queen, 219
    • Ellsworth, Robert F., 173, 175, 182
    • Elslande, Renaat van, 234
    • Elwyn-Jones, Lord, 208
    • Erofeev, Vladimir, 161
    • Escher, Alfred Martin, 73, 74, 196
    • Eteki M’Boumoua, William, 138
    • European Development Fund, 199
    • European Economic Community (EEC), 41, 234
    • Executive privilege, 14
    • Export-Import Bank:
      • Guarantees for nuclear reactor sale to RSA, 70
      • Policies regarding RSA of, 71, 82, 83
      • Portuguese territories’ role of, 17
      • South West Africa/Namibia credit guarantees, 30, 31, 32, 33
    • Fergusson, Ewen A.J., 197, 233
    • Fernando Poo, 139
    • Finch, Robert, 96
    • Finland, 44
    • Firestone, Leonard K., 147
    • Fish, Lt. Gen. Howard M., 127, 137, 182
    • FitzGerald, Garret, 234
    • Flanigan, Peter, 72, 76
    • Fluor Corporation, 83
    • FNLA. See National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) under Political parties and liberation movements
    • Foote Mineral, 8, 20, 37
    • Foot, Michael, 208
    • Ford, Gerald R., Jr.:
      • Angola:
        • French recognition of MPLA, 174, 178
        • Mao discussions, 152
        • Need for timely action on, 147
        • Question of continuance of, 173
        • Soviet role in, 145, 154
        • Tunney Amendment, 157, 163, 168
        • United Nations membership for, 188, 189
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 141, 151, 153, 157, 163, 174
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 113, 114, 117, 118, 125
        • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 103, 195
      • DRC/Zaire-U.S. relations, 99
      • Election of 1976, 205
      • Electoral defeat of, 238
      • Mozambique, 104, 110
      • Portuguese-U.S. relations, 131
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British-U.S. talks on, 198
        • Byrd Amendment, 103
        • Cuban role in, 192
        • Majority rule for, 192, 203
          • Callaghan message exchange on, 210
          • Smith acquiescence in, 207, 208
        • Soviet role in, 192
      • RSA–U.S. relations, 79, 137
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 197
      • U.S. military aid to DRC/Zaire, 182
      • Zambian-U.S. talks on Southern Africa, 103
    • Foreign Direct Investment Program, 17
    • Forlani, Arnaldo, 234
    • 40 Committee:
    • Fourie, Bernadus Gerhardus, 236
    • France (see also France and French subheadings under other subjects):
      • African fund, 202
      • Angola, relations with, 174
      • Chrome imports by, 37
      • U.N. membership for Angola, 136, 188
      • Veto of RSA’s expulsion from U.N. by, 77
      • Zimbabwe Development Fund, 234
    • Frank, Charles R., 215, 234
    • Fraser Committee, 203
    • FRELIMO (Liberation Front of Mozambique), 94, 101, 103, 194, 201
    • Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC), 103, 136
    • Frydenlund, Knut, 234
    • Fugit, Edward, 133, 135, 136
    • Fulbright, J. William, 56
    • Funseth, Robert L., 196
    • Gabella, Elliott, 208
    • Gabon, 144, 152, 155, 157
    • Garba, Major General Joseph N., 144, 150, 239
    • Garin, Vasco Vieira, 87, 88, 90
    • Gaylard, Jack, 221
    • Gebelt, Stephen G., 87
    • Gelb, Leslie, 152
    • General Electric (GE), 70
    • General Services Administration (GSA), 42
    • Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, 234
    • George, Scott, 67
    • Germany, Democratic Republic of, 136
    • Germany, Federal Republic of, 37, 149, 196, 202, 204, 234
    • Ghana, 166, 167
    • Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry:
    • Gleason, Capt. Joseph, 106
    • Goa, 87
    • Godber, Lord Joe, 61, 66, 67
    • Gold, 17, 22, 71
    • Gonçalves, Vasco dos Santos, 131
    • Gowon, Yakubu, 108
    • Granger, Clinton, 81
    • Greenhill, Denis, 16
    • Grennan, Dennis, 202, 220, 233, 235, 236
    • Gromyko, Andrei A., 77
    • Group of 77, 86
    • Guhin, Michael, 63
    • Guinea, 87, 160
    • Guinea-Bissau, 136, 160
    • Guiringaud, Louis de, 234
    • Gulf Oil, 93
    • Guyana, 136
    • Guyer, Roberto, 73
    • Habib, Philip C., 197, 200, 239
    • Haig, Alexander, 6, 28, 39, 56, 70, 72
    • Haldeman, H.R., 8, 62
    • Halsted, David C., 73
    • Harlech, Lord, 67
    • Hartman, Arthur A., 33, 123, 128, 137
    • Hawkins, Air Vice Marshall Harold, 65, 213
    • Healey, Denis, 208
    • Heath, Edward R.G., 35, 58, 65, 66, 67
    • Helms, Richard M., 24, 39, 95
      • Iranian military aid for Angola, 159, 161
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 28, 64
      • U.S. policy toward Southern Africa, 6, 20
    • Herero people, 1, 46
    • Hersch, Seymour, 156
    • Herstige Nasionale Party (RSA), 21
    • Hertzog, Albert, 21
    • Herz, Martin F., 73
    • Heyniger, Lambert, 75
    • Hinton, Deane, 99, 113, 149
    • Hodgson, James, 96
    • Hoffacker, Roscoe L., 51
    • Holloway, Adm. James, III, 78, 80, 81
    • Holloway, Anne Forrester, 239
    • Honey, Martha, 221
    • Horan, Harold E., 79, 81, 83
      • Angola:
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 137, 139, 147, 173, 175, 182
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 113, 125, 127
      • Kissinger-Kaunda visit, 195
    • Hormats, Robert C., 70, 215
    • Horn of Africa, 58
    • Houphouet-Boigny, Félix, 174, 177
    • House of Representatives, U.S. (see also Congress, U.S.):
      • Appropriations Committee, 147, 185, 187
      • Armed Services Committee, 147
      • House Africa Subcommittee of the Foreign Affairs Committee, 76
      • Foreign Affairs Committee, 147
      • Select Committee on Intelligence, 147
    • Hughes-Ryan Amendment to Foreign Assistance Act, 187
    • Hughes, Thomas L., 1, 10, 15
    • Human Events, 20
    • Humphrey, Hubert H., 180, 195
    • Hurd, John:
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 65
      • South Africa, Republic of, 47, 49, 50, 51, 72
    • Hyland, William G.:
    • Hynning, Clifford J., 54
    • Ikle, Fred, 163
    • India, 44, 87, 236
    • Indian Ocean, 34, 35, 43
    • Indonesia, 58
    • Ingersoll, Robert S., 105
      • Angola:
        • Department of State disagreements over, 152
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 137, 138, 147, 152, 156
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 112, 113, 121, 123
    • Intelligence Alert Memoranda, NIO 0001–76, 167
    • Inter-Departmental Regional Group for Africa:
      • Addendum to Response to NSSM 224: United States Policy toward Angola, 113
      • Botswana: Policy Planning Paper, 53
      • Department of State papers approved by, 93, 94
      • Response to NSSM 89: South West Africa, 29
      • Response to NSSM 224: United States Policy toward Angola, 105, 109
      • South Africa: Policy Planning Paper, 71
      • Swaziland: Policy Planning Paper, 52
      • U.S. policy implications of British-Rhodesian settlement, 61, 64
      • U.S. reviews of policy toward Southern Africa, 6, 17, 84
    • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 63, 86
    • International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), 53, 199, 215, 234, 239
    • International Court of Justice (ICJ), 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 44, 54
    • International Development Association, 234
    • International Finance Corporation, 234
    • International Monetary Fund (IMF), 17, 22, 112, 180, 215
    • International Signals and Control Corporation, 80, 81
    • Iran, 159, 161, 162, 234
    • Iraq, 136
    • Iron ore, 52, 93
    • Irwin, John N., II, 67
    • Israel, 203, 205, 235
    • Italy, 37, 70, 136, 234
    • Ivory Coast, 20, 155, 157, 167
    • Jacobs, Martin, 38
    • Japan, 37, 136, 234
    • Johnson, U. Alexis, 33, 42, 49, 87
    • Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 30, 31
    • Jones, Gen. David C., 113
    • Journiac, Rene, 172
    • Justice, U.S. Department of, 23
    • Kaduma, Ibrahim M., 194, 202
    • Kamanga, Ruben, 195
    • Kaokovelder people, 1
    • Kaps, Helen, 99
    • Kapuuo, Clemens, 74, 203
    • Kasanda, Peter, 195, 205
    • Katyusha rockets, 149
    • Kaunda, Kenneth:
      • Angola, 116, 121, 173, 175, 186
      • British arms sales to South Africa, 35
      • Mozambique independence, 110
      • Nkomo meeting with, 231
      • Portuguese-Zambian relations, 87
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British role in, 221
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 235
        • Kissinger meetings on, 195, 205, 239
        • Kissinger message exchange on, 212, 228, 231, 236, 237, 238
        • Nyerere talks on, 211
        • Reinhardt meetings on, 224, 225, 228
        • Smith’s acquiescence to majority rule in, 207
        • Vorster meeting on, 194
      • Savimbi meetings with, 103, 107, 115
      • Savimbi as supported by, 103, 106, 112, 123, 180
      • Smith’s view of, 201
      • Solidarity with black majorities in Southern Africa, 89
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 207
      • U.S.-Zambian relations, 43, 180
      • Visits:
        • Kinshasa (Nov. 1975) (cancelled), 144
        • Washington (Apr. 1975), 103, 195
    • Keiter, Samuel C., 45
    • Kennedy, David M.:
      • Angola, 40
      • Mozambique, 40
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 28, 39
      • RSA, 40
      • Southern Africa, 6, 20, 23, 40
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 24, 32
    • Kennedy, Edward M., 8
    • Kennedy, Richard T., 64, 72
    • Kenyatta, Jomo, 199, 208
    • Keogh, Dennis W., 86
    • Keroro people, 13
    • Khalatbary, Abbas Ali, 234
    • Khama, Sir Seretse, 53, 194, 208
    • Killoran, Thomas, 130, 133, 134
    • Kirk, Roger, 147
    • Kissinger, Henry A., 65, 160, 168, 180, 216, 217, 237
      • Angola:
        • Cuban involvement in, 173
        • Diplomatic recognition for, 136, 171
        • French diplomatic recogniton of MPLA, 176, 177
        • Military aid for FNLA/UNITA government:
        • MPLA–U.S. relations, 191
        • Peace talk proposals, 146
        • RSA withdrawal from, 165, 184
        • Tunney Amendment, 157, 163, 182
        • U.S. arms embargo against, 40
        • U.S. policy toward, 105, 148
        • U.S. role in, as seen by African leaders, 111
        • U.S.-Soviet messages/talks on Soviet role in, 138, 140, 142, 144, 145, 169, 170
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 137
          • Congressional relations over, 151, 152, 153, 156, 172, 185
          • Department of State internal disagreements over, 149, 152
          • Diplomatic efforts, 138
          • DRC/Zaire as conduit for, 158, 164, 166, 172
          • French-U.S. communications over, 155, 157, 172, 173
          • NSC meetings on, 163
          • Planning for implementation of, 144
          • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 150
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 100, 106, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127
        • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 103
      • Callaghan meetings with, 197, 198, 208
      • On détente, 118
      • DRC/Zaire-U.S. relations, 99
      • Kaunda meetings with, 195, 205, 239
      • Kaunda message exchange with, 212, 228, 231, 236, 238
      • Machel meetings with, 194
      • Mobutu meetings with, 205
      • Mozambique, 40, 104
      • Muzorewa meeting with, 194
      • Nkomo meeting with, 194
      • Nyerere meetings with, 194, 204, 207, 208, 239
      • Nyerere message exchange with, 228, 230, 232, 236, 238
      • Portuguese coup (Apr. 1974), 98
      • Portuguese-U.S. relations, 88, 131
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British-U.S. talks on, 58, 66, 198, 202, 208
        • Chrome imports from, 8, 69
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 223, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235
        • Ford-Carter administrations transition talks on, 239
        • Majority rule:
          • British plan for conference on, 220
          • Plan for negotiations for, 199, 200
          • Smith acquiescence on, 205, 206, 208, 209
          • Smith message exchange on, 213, 214
          • Tanzanian position, 230
          • U.S. position, 211
        • Rhodesian-U.S. talks on, 203, 205
        • RSA–U.S. talks on, 196, 203, 206, 236, 238, 239
        • Sanctions on:
        • Smith-Vorster meetings on, 201, 206
        • Tanzanian-U.S. talks, 204, 207
        • Transitional government, 236
        • U.S. Consulate General in, 11, 16, 25, 28, 37
        • U.S. policy implications for British agreement with, 64
        • Zambian-U.S. talks, 205, 207, 236
        • Zimbabwe Development Fund proposal, 234, 239
      • Smith talks with, 205, 206
      • South Africa, Republic of:
        • IAEA suspension of, 86
        • United States, relations with:
          • Assignment of Black FSO to Pretoria, 72
          • Export-Import Bank loans, 82, 85
          • Mutual understanding on marketing of gold, 22
          • Nuclear Fuel Agreement, proposed, 63
          • Nuclear reactor sales to, 70
          • Ocean surveillance, 78, 79
        • U.S. arms embargo against, 23, 40
        • U.S. economic policy toward, 76
        • U.S. talks with, 199
        • Vetoing of expulsion from U.N. of, 77
        • Vorster meetings, 196, 206, 239
      • Southern Africa:
        • Callaghan communications, 193
        • NSC policy discussions on, 20, 23
        • U.S. review of policy toward, 5, 6, 84
        • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 103
      • South West Africa/Namibia:
        • Ford-Carter administrations transition talks on, 239
        • Tanzanian-U.S. talks, 204
        • U.S. policy review for, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32
        • Zambian-U.S. talks and messages on, 205, 237
      • Visits:
        • Africa (Apr.–May 1976), 188, 194
        • Africa (Sept. 1976), 204, 205, 206, 207, 230
        • Brussels (Jan. 1976), 172
        • Germany (Federal Republic) (June 1976), 196
        • London (Sept. 1976), 202, 208
        • Moscow (Oct. 1974), 77
        • Puerto Rico (June 1976), 196
        • Zurich (Sept. 1976), 203
    • Kissinger, Nancy, 176
    • Kleindienst, Richard G., 37
    • Klein, Herbert G., 96
    • Knight, Ridgway, 90
    • Korea, People’s Democratic Republic of, 11
    • Kosaka, Zentaro, 234
    • Kurasini International Education Center, 68
    • Kurds, 175
    • Kuwait, 234
    • Kuwani, Bitwell R., 180
    • MacBride, Sean, 196, 205
    • Macedo, Ernesto Ferreira de, 129, 130
    • Machel, Samora:
      • Kissinger meetings with, 194
      • Kissinger message to, 110
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British role in, 202
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 224, 237
        • Negotiations over, 199
        • Patriotic Front during transition period, 239
        • Smith acquiescence to majority rule in, 208, 213
      • Savimbi as seen by, 103
      • Visit to Tanzania (Dec. 1975), 150
    • Madeira Islands, 98
    • Mahon, George H., 153, 185, 186
    • Makonde people, 94
    • Malagasy, 160
    • Malan Opera House, Cape Town, 49, 50, 51
    • Malawi, 17, 20, 87, 94, 96
    • Mali, 136, 144, 160
    • Manganese, 53, 71
    • Mansfield, Michael, 208
    • Mansfield, Philip, 225
    • Mao Zedong, 152
    • Mark, David E., 46, 75, 97
    • Marsh, John, 189
    • Mashona people, 3
    • Matabele people, 3
    • Matungulu N’Kuman, 99
    • Mauritania, 58, 136
    • Maw, Carlisle E., 152
    • Mayo, Robert, 23
    • Mbeka Makosso, 99
    • Mbindi, Gabriel, 10
    • McAfee, William, 115
    • McCaffrey, Tom, 208
    • McClellan, John, 156
    • McCloskey, Robert J., 16, 152
    • McFarlane, Lt. Col. Robert C., 125
    • McGee, Gale W., 55
    • McGovern, George S., 129, 139
    • McKesson, John A., III, 91
    • McNally, Tom, 208
    • McNamara, Robert S., 215
    • Melhuish, Ramsey, 233
    • Melo Antunes, Ernesto A. de, 103, 116, 127, 128, 130, 131, 160
    • Mercenaries:
    • Metallurg, 37
    • Military Airlift Command (MAC), 29
    • Military Assistance Program (MAP), 127
    • Military Procurement Act (1971), 55, 69
    • Millard, Guy E., 25, 26, 34
    • Miller, Robert, 147
    • Mitchell, John N.:
      • Angola, 40, 96
      • Mozambique, 40, 96
      • NSC policy discussions on Southern Africa, 20, 23
      • Sanctions on Rhodesia, 39
      • South Africa, Republic of, 40
      • U.S. Consulate General in Rhodesia, 28
    • Mobutu Sese Seko (Joseph-Désiré):
      • CIA view of, 106
      • Desire for peace in Angola, 173
      • FNLA/UNITA as supported by, 91, 99, 100, 116, 158, 164, 181, 185
      • Kaunda meetings with, 103
      • Kissinger meetings with, 205
      • RSA talks with, 165
      • Savimbi meetings with, 103, 107
      • Savimbi as supported by, 113, 116
      • Schaufele visit to, 166
      • Soviet intervention in Angola, 138
      • U.S. economic and military aid to DRC/Zaire, 1, 115, 119, 137, 179, 185
      • U.S. messages to, 168
      • U.S. role in Angola as seen by, 111, 112
      • Vance mission, 118, 119, 120, 121, 149
      • Visit to Washington (Aug. 1970), 91
    • Mogwe, Archibald, 221, 222
    • Mondlane, Eduardo, 194
    • Moore, Charles R., 26, 34, 36, 65
    • Moorer, Adm. Thomas H., 39
    • Moose, Richard M., 123, 152
    • Morgan Guaranty, 45
    • Morgan, Thomas E., 152
    • Morris, Roger, 8, 20, 25
    • Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 137, 150, 152, 153
    • Mozambique:
      • Angola government of national unity, 167
      • Chinese People’s Republic influence in, 87, 138, 194
      • Chissano government, 204
      • Cuban military advisors in, 186
      • Economic sanctions against, 32, 40
      • Economic situation in, 94
      • Independence for, 79, 104
      • Liberation Front of Mozambique (FRELIMO), 94, 101, 103, 194, 201
      • Liberation movements in, 68
      • MPLA government recognized by, 136, 160
      • Naval blockade of, 29
      • Portuguese rule in, 9, 96
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe and, 201, 213
      • RSA, relations with, 199
      • United Kingdom, relations with, 193
      • United States, relations with, 104, 110, 124, 201
      • U.S. arms embargo against, 40
      • U.S. policy toward, 17, 94
      • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 103
    • Mudenda, Elijah, 195
    • Mugabe, Robert, 236
      • Conference for transition to majority rule, 221, 222, 223, 233, 238
      • Kissinger’s views on, 239
      • Patriotic Front divisions, 224, 225
      • Rhodesian view of, 213
    • Muganda, Bernard, 204
    • Muir, Richard J.S., 235
    • Mulcahy, Edward W., 110, 135, 136, 179, 180
      • Angola:
        • Evacuation of U.S. diplomatic personnel from, 133
        • U.S. role in, as seen by African leaders, 111
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 137, 139, 147
          • Congressional relations over, 156, 185
          • Diplomatic efforts, 138
          • Planning for implementation of, 144
          • Question of continuation of, 175
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 112, 123, 125
      • DRC/Zaire-U.S. relations, 99
    • Muller, Hillgard:
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 203, 238
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 54, 60, 75
      • U.S. Presidential elections (1976), 201
      • U.S.–RSA relations, 18, 19, 21, 72, 196
    • Multiracialism, 93, 94
    • Muzorewa, Abel:
      • British role in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 221
      • As Chief Minister, proposed, 235, 236
      • Conference for transition to majority rule in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 222, 229, 232, 233, 238
      • Kissinger meeting with, 194
      • Rhodesian conference, 220
      • Smith’s view of, 201
    • Mwaanga, Vernon, 103
    • Mwale, Seteke G., 103, 195, 205
    • Namibia (see also South West Africa/Namibia), 46
    • National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA), 17, 71
    • National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) (see also FNLA/UNITA government subheadings under other subjects):
      • Chinese People’s Republic support for, 113, 129
      • Closing of office of, 186
      • DRC/Zaire support for, 99, 129
      • French support for, 129
      • Korean People’s Democratic Republic military aid to, 11
      • MPLA conflict with, 103
      • Portuguese talks with, 101
      • RSA talks with, 165
      • U.S. support for, 100
      • U.S. view of, 109
    • National Review, 20
    • National Security Council (NSC) (see also Inter-Departmental Regional Group for Africa):
      • Angola, 113, 148, 163
      • Meetings:
        • Dec. 17, 1969, 20, 23
        • June 27, 1975, 113
        • Dec. 22, 1975, 163
      • Review Group, 30
      • South West Africa policy review, 5
      • U.S. policy on Southern Africa, 20, 23
      • U.S.–RSA military relations, 42
    • National Security Decision Memoranda:
    • National Security Study Memoranda:
    • National Union of South African Students (NUSAS), 13
    • National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) (see also FNLA/UNITA government subheadings under other subjects):
      • Chinese People’s Republic support for, 114
      • MPLA conflict with, 103, 116, 135, 136, 173
      • Portuguese talks with, 101
      • RSA talks with, 165
      • U.S. view of, 109
      • Zambian support for, 103, 129
    • Nelson, Harvey F., Jr., 50
    • Nelson, William, 115, 137, 139, 147, 173, 175, 185
    • Nessen, Ron, 137
    • Netherlands, 44, 234
    • Neto, Agostinho:
      • Communist support for, 99
      • Dar es Salaam Conference (1976), 191
      • French view of, 177
      • GRAE conflict with, 103
      • MPLA claim as government of Angola, 136
      • MPLA-Portuguese relations, 130
      • Ousting as head of MPLA, 116
      • Power-sharing proposal, 112
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 213, 214
      • SWA/Namibia Conference, 202
      • U.S.-Angolan relations, 190
      • U.S. view of, 109
    • Newsom, David, 41, 43, 48
      • DRC/Zaire-U.S. relations, 91
      • NSC policy discussions on Southern Africa, 20
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 57, 59, 67
      • South Africa, Republic of, 13, 18, 45, 47, 49, 51, 76
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 29, 33, 54, 60
    • Newsweek, 214
    • New Zealand, 234
    • Nguza Karl I Bond, 175
    • Nickel, 8, 53
    • Nigeria:
      • ICJ advisory opinion proceedings on SWA, 44
      • MPLA government recognized by, 149, 152, 160, 166, 167
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe and, 222, 223, 225, 232, 233, 236, 239
      • RSA military role in Angola, 156, 167
      • RSA, relations with, 99
      • RSA talks over Angola with, 199
      • Soviet Union, relations with, 137
      • United States, relations with, 79
      • U.S. Export-Import Bank loans to RSA, 83
      • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in Angola, 147, 149
      • Violence in, 13
    • Nixon, Richard M.:
      • On Africans, 57
      • Angola, 152
      • Code of conduct on Soviet-U.S. relations, 140
      • OAU representatives meeting with, 56, 57, 59
      • Pardon of, 153
      • Portugal, 88, 96, 98
      • Rhodesia:
      • South Africa, Republic of:
        • Ashe visa application, 19
        • United States, relations with:
          • Assignment of Black FSO to Pretoria, 72
          • Export-Import Bank loans, 82
          • Mutual understanding on marketing of gold, 22
          • Ocean surveillance, 80, 81
        • Vetoing of expulsion from U.N. of, 77
      • Southern Africa, 5, 6, 20, 84
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 30, 31, 32, 33
      • Visit to Romania, 1969, 21
      • Zambian-U.S. relations, 43
    • Nkomo, Joshua:
      • British role in transition, 221
      • British view of, 202
      • As Chief Minister, proposed, 199, 235
      • Conference for transition to majority rule, 222, 223, 229, 233, 235
      • Interim government role of, 203
      • Kaunda meeting with, 231
      • Kaunda support for, 235
      • Kissinger visit with, 194
      • Patriotic Front divisions, 224, 225
      • Smith meetings with, 208, 239
      • Smith’s view of, 201
      • Soviet military aid to, 150
      • Visit to Ghana (Jan. 1977), 238
    • Nkumbi International College, 68
    • Nogueira, Alberto Franco, 87, 88
    • Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT), 63
    • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO):
      • Antiballistic missiles, 88
      • Military cooperation with RSA, 79
      • Ministerial meeting (Brussels, Dec. 1975), 147
      • NAC meeting (Oslo, May 1976), 192
      • Portuguese membership in, 68, 93, 94
    • Norway, 234
    • Nuclear energy, 70, 71
    • Nuclear fuel, 63
    • Nujoma, Samuel D., 238, 239
    • Nyati, Mandungu Bula, 149, 158, 166
    • Nyerere, Julius:
      • Angolan proposal of, 156
      • Dar es Salaam Conference (1976), 191
      • Kissinger meetings with, 194, 204, 207, 208, 239
      • Kissinger message exchange with, 228, 230, 232, 236, 238
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British role in, 202, 221
        • Conference for transition to majority rule, 223, 230, 235
        • Kaunda talks on, 211
        • Reinhardt meetings on, 224, 225, 228
      • Savimbi meeting with, 103, 107
      • Savimbi as supported by, 112
      • Solidarity with black majorities in Southern Africa, 89
      • U.S.-Tanzanian relations, 205
    • Obasanjo, Olusegun, 232
    • Ocean surveillance, 78, 79, 80, 81, 137
    • Odendaal Plan (1962), 1
    • Office of Emergency Preparedness (OEP), 30, 31, 37, 55
    • Office of Management and Budget (OMB), 183
    • Office of Munitions Control, 80, 81
    • Ogilvie, Donald G., 182
    • Oil, 91, 93, 94, 103
    • Okavango people, 1
    • Olivier, Daniel P., 13, 18
    • O’Neill, Paul, 182
    • Operations Advisory Group, 182, 183, 185, 186
    • Organization of African Unity (OAU):
      • African Liberation Committee, 68
      • Angolan rivals for diplomatic recognition, 135, 136, 171
      • Angola role for, 101, 105, 138, 139, 146, 150, 167
      • Conciliation Committee, 152
      • GRAE as supported by, 91
      • Meetings:
        • Addis Ababa (Sept. 1970), 89
        • Addis Ababa (May 1973), 75
        • Addis Ababa (Jan. 1976), 167, 168, 171
        • Mauritius (June 1976), 196
      • MPLA recognized by, 175
      • Nixon meeting on Rhodesia/Zimbabwe with representatives of, 56, 57, 59
      • Portuguese dialog with, 97
      • Possible adverse consequences for FNLA/UNITA in meeting of, 167
      • RSA views of, 60
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 73, 74, 75
      • U.S. Consulate General in Rhodesia, 27
    • Ovamboland, 1, 46, 54
    • Ovambo people, 1, 13, 46, 196
    • Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), 52, 215
    • Packard, David, 20, 182
    • Packman, Martin, 97
    • Pahlavi, Shah Reza, 161, 162
    • Paine, Thomas O., 6, 23
    • Pakistan, 44
    • Palliser, Michael, 202, 224, 233
    • Palme, Olaf, 191
    • Palmer, Joseph, II, 2
    • Passage, David, 191, 239
    • Patriotic Front (Zimbabwe), 224, 225, 226, 238, 239
    • Pauly, Lt. Gen. John W., 106, 115, 123, 125
    • Peace Corps, 17, 52, 53
    • Pearce Commission, 67, 222
    • Pearce, Lord, 67
    • Percy, Charles H., 194, 203
    • Petalite, 20
    • Peterson, Peter G., 69
    • Phillips, Christopher H., 33
    • Pike, Otis G., 139
    • P.L. 480, 20
    • Platinum, 71
    • Pletcher, Charles H., 49
    • Poland, 136
    • Polaroid, 45
    • Political parties and liberation movements (see also National Front for the Liberation of Angola; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola; South West Africa People’s Organization):
      • African Party for the Independence of Portuguese Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), 97
      • Conservative (U.K.), 34
      • Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC), 103, 136
      • Herstige Nasionale Party (RSA), 21
      • Liberation Front of Mozambique (FRELIMO), 94, 101, 103, 194, 201
      • National Party (RSA), 1, 21
      • Patriotic Front (Zimbabwe), 224, 225, 226, 238, 239
      • Republican (U.S.), 239
      • Revolution Government of Angola in Exile (GRAE), 91, 103
      • Rhodesian Front, 3, 201, 221, 230, 235, 236
      • Rhodesia Party, 235
      • United National Independence Party (UNIP) (Zambia), 103, 107
      • Zimbabwe African Nationalist Union (ZANU), 186, 221
      • Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU), 186
    • Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA):
    • Population planning, 53
    • Portugal (see also Portugal and Portuguese subheadings under other subjects):
      • African states dialogue with, proposed, 97
      • Arms embargo on, 88, 93, 94
      • Autonomy for overseas territories of, 68, 93, 94, 97
      • Black African perspectives on, 9
      • Botswana, relations with, 87
      • British arms sales to, 35
      • DRC/Zaire, relations with, 87
      • Malawi, relations with, 87, 96
      • NATO membership, 68, 93, 94
      • Overseas provinces policy of, 89, 90, 91, 98
      • Refugees from, 125, 128
      • South Africa, relations with, 87
      • Tanzania, relations with, 87, 94
      • United Kingdom, relations with, 41
      • United States, relations with, 17, 87, 88, 90, 131
      • U.S. policy toward, 68
      • Zambia, relations with, 87, 94
    • Portuguese Guinea, 68, 87, 97
    • Potts, James M.:
      • Angola:
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in, 137, 139, 147, 173, 175
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups, 115, 123, 125, 127
    • Powell, Enoch, 230
    • Price, Raymond K., 96
    • Private Export Funding Corporation (PEFCO), 70
    • Proctor, Edward W., 30
    • Racism, 89, 194
    • Ramphal, Sir Shridath, 231
    • Ramsbotham, Sir Peter, 184, 192, 202, 239
    • Ratliff, Rob Roy, 102, 115, 118, 122, 126, 143, 182
    • Reagan, Ronald W., 194
    • Reed, Randolph, 124
    • Refugees:
      • Angolan refugees in DRC/Zaire, 99, 103
      • Angolan refugees in Zambia, 103
      • Portuguese, 125, 128
      • Rhodesian, 194
      • U.N. training programs for, 29, 31, 32
      • U.S. educational aid to, 17, 68
    • Rehoboth Basters, 46
    • Reid, Ogden R., 13, 18
    • Reinhardt, John E.:
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • Conference for transition to majority rule:
        • Discussions in Africa on, 205, 230, 231, 236
        • Nyerere-Kaunda talks on, 224, 225, 228
      • RSA visit of, 18
    • Reuss, Henry S., 22
    • Reynolds, 99
    • Rhinelander, John B., 13
    • Rhodesia Railways, 234
    • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe (see also individual groups under Political parties and liberation movements.)
      • Angolan role in, 113
      • Black raids into, 5
      • British agreement with, 64
      • British-RSA talks on, 200, 233, 235
      • British talks with:
        • British position, 67
        • Failure to agree in, 64
        • Five principles, 58, 65, 67
        • Likelihood of agreement in, 61
        • Pearce Commission, 67, 222
        • Test of Acceptability, 66, 67
        • U.S. support for, 65
      • British-Zambian relations over, 41
      • Closing of borders with, 194, 234
      • Conference for transition to majority rule:
      • Council of State:
      • Cuban role in, 192
      • Demographics of, 234
      • Draft constitution for, 3
      • Economic situation, 234
      • Ford-Carter administrations transition talks on, 239
      • Guarantees for Rhodesian whites:
        • British-U.S. talks on, 196, 197, 198, 208, 215
        • Economic support plan, 215
        • In plan for negotiations, 199
        • Rhodesian position, 209
      • Land Tenure Act (1969), 234
      • Liberation movements in:
        • Disagreements among, 223
        • Mozambique support for, 201, 213
        • U.S. relations with, 68
      • Majority rule:
      • Nigeria and, 222, 223, 225, 232, 233, 236, 239
      • Patriotic Front divisions, 224, 225
      • Refugees from, 194
      • Republic declared by, 27, 58
      • RSA-Rhodesian talks on, 201
      • RSA–U.S. talks on, 196, 199, 203, 205, 206, 236, 238, 239
      • Sanctions on:
        • Byrd Amendment, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 194, 197
        • Chinese People’s Republic’s position on, 61
        • Chrome exports, 8, 23, 37, 69
        • Portuguese failure to observe, 94
        • U.S. review of policies for implementation of, 28, 37
        • Weaknesses of, 17
      • “Six Principals” for settlement in, 3
      • Soviet role in, 192, 208
      • Tanzanian-U.S. talks on, 194
      • Transitional government:
      • United States, relations with:
      • U.N. supervision of, possible, 203
      • U.S. policy toward, 17, 64
      • Zambian imports from, 56, 57
      • Zambian position, 150
      • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 195, 205, 236
      • Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary Army, 221, 228, 231, 233, 235
    • Richard, Ivor:
      • Conference for transition to majority rule:
      • Crosland talks with, 223, 224
      • U.S. meetings with, 225, 235
      • Vorster talks with, 238, 239
    • Richardson, Elliot L., 13, 14, 20, 85
    • Rives, Lloyd, 46
    • Roberto, Holden A.:
      • Israeli covert aid to, 123
      • Mobutu’s support for, 91, 99, 100, 116, 179
      • Mulcahy visit with, 144
      • Portuguese view of, 131
      • Power-sharing proposal, 112
      • As President of FNLA/UNITA coalition government, 136
      • RSA covert aid to, 123, 144
      • Soviet support for rival groups of, 92
      • U.S. covert aid to, 102, 108, 112, 156
      • U.S. view of, 109, 113
    • Robinson, Charles W., 194, 195, 197, 200, 235
    • Rockefeller, Nelson, 204
    • Rodman, Peter W., 150, 194, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 208, 233, 235, 236, 238
    • Rogers, William D., 197, 211
    • Rogers, William P., 48
      • Angola, 40, 91
      • Mozambique, 40
      • Portugal’s overseas provinces policy, 90
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • British arms sales to, 34, 35, 36, 38
        • British talks with, 66
        • British-U.S. talks on, 16
        • Byrd Amendment, 55, 57, 59
        • Chrome imports from, 69
        • Draft constitution for, 3
        • Sanctions on, 37, 39
        • U.S. Consulate General in, 25, 27, 28
        • U.S. policy implications for British agreement with, 64
      • South Africa, Republic of:
        • Ashe visa application, 19
        • British arms sales to, 34, 35, 36
        • Bureau of State Security’s role in, 10
        • U.N. sanctions on, 15
        • U.S. arms embargo against, 40
        • Working conditions for non-whites at U.S. companies in, 45
      • Southern Africa, 6, 20, 40, 96
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 1, 24, 32, 54, 60
      • Visits:
        • Portugal (May 1970), 90, 91
        • United Kingdom (July 1970), 34, 35, 36, 38
    • Romania, 136
    • Romney, George, 96
    • Rondon, Fred, 64
    • Roosevelt, Archibald B., Jr., 95
    • Rountree, William, 4, 7, 12, 18, 19, 21
    • Rowlands, Edward, 200
    • Rumsfeld, Donald H., 96
      • Angola, 113, 148, 163, 182
      • Export-Import Bank loans to RSA, 82, 85
      • U.S. policy review for Southern Africa, 84
    • Runyon, Charles, III, 7, 14
    • Rush, Kenneth, 20, 173, 176, 177
    • Rusk, Dean, 205
    • Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, 234
    • Sadat, Anwar el-, 149, 162, 194
    • Sahnoun, Mohamed, 97
    • Salazar, Antonio, 88
    • Salim, Salim Ahmed, 221, 222
    • Samuel, Richard C., 197, 200, 202
    • Sao Tome and Principe, 136, 160
    • Saud Al-Faisal bin abd al-Aziz, Prince, 234
    • Saudi Arabia, 156, 159, 161, 162, 234
    • Saunders, Harold H., 152, 156, 173, 175
    • Sauvagnargues, Jean, 176, 177, 197
    • Savimbi, Jonas:
    • Schaufele, William E., Jr., 160, 168, 179, 180, 184, 216, 219, 237
      • Angola, 144, 152, 153, 156, 173, 182
      • Kissinger-Kaunda meeting, 195
      • Kissinger-Nyerere meeting, 194
      • Kissinger-Vorster meeting, 196
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 205
      • Visits:
    • Schlesinger, James R., 105, 113
    • Schmidt, Helmut, 197, 204, 208
    • Schori, Pierre, 190, 191
    • Scott, David A., 235
    • Scott, Hugh D., Jr., 59
    • Scowcroft, Brent C., 98, 165
      • Angola:
        • Soviet role in, 139, 145
        • United Nations membership for, 188, 189
        • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in:
          • Congressional relations over, 151, 152, 153
          • Department of State disagreements over, 152
          • Disengagement from covert activity, 182
          • 40 Committee meetings on, 137, 139, 147, 173, 175
          • NSC meetings on, 163
          • Termination payments, 187
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 106, 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 119, 123, 127
      • Kissinger-Callaghan meetings, 197
      • Portuguese-U.S. relations, 131
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 201, 207
      • South Africa, Republic of, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 137
    • Scranton, William W., 188, 189, 203
    • Seelye, Talcott W., 214, 217, 228
    • Seitz, Raymond G.H., 229, 233
    • Senate, U.S. (see also Congress, U.S.):
      • Appropriations Committee, 185
      • Foreign Relations Committee, 20, 123, 147
    • Senegal, 87, 155, 167
    • Senghor, Leopold S., 172, 223
    • Shakespeare, Frank J., 30
    • Shashe Complex Project, 53
    • Shultz, George, 96
    • Siciliano, Rocco, 20
    • Simonstown Agreement (1955), 35
    • Simon, William E., 82
    • Sisco, Joseph J., 119
    • Sithole, Ndabaningi, 194, 221, 222, 232, 233, 236, 238
    • Smith, David S., 190, 197, 198, 202
    • Smith, Ian D.:
      • Acquiescence on majority rule, 205, 206, 207, 208
        • Disclosure of Annex C, 216, 218
        • Kissinger message exchange on, 213, 214
        • Salisbury speech on, 209, 210, 211
      • British lack of support for, 193
      • British-Rhodesian talks, 65, 66
      • Conference for transition to majority rule, 208, 220, 222, 224, 233, 235, 236
      • Constitution drafted for Rhodesia, 3
      • Douglas-Home meetings with, 61
      • Mistrust of British, 229, 232
      • Nkomo meetings with, 208, 239
      • Nyerere’s view of, 230
      • Replacement of, need for, 197
      • Republic declared by, 27, 58
      • Sanctions on Rhodesia, 8
      • Vorster meetings with, 201, 206
      • Wilson meetings with, 3
      • Zambian view of, 150, 205
    • Smith, Lt. Gen. William Y., 127, 137, 139, 147, 173, 175, 182
    • Smith, Wayne, 92
    • Smuts, Jan, 10
    • Snell, John, 218
    • Soares, Mário, 127
    • Sobukwe clause, 7
    • Soder, Karin, 234
    • Sole, Donald Bell, 196
    • Somalia, 35, 92, 136, 160, 186
    • Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, 25, 88, 138, 156, 163, 196
    • South Africa, Republic of (RSA) (see also RSA subheadings under other subjects):
      • Acts of Parliament:
        • General Law Amendment Act (1969), 13, 14
        • Homelands Act (1968), 1
        • Official Secrets Act, 14
        • South West Africa Affairs Act (1969), 1, 2, 4, 14
        • Terrorism Act (1967), 7, 14, 46
      • Afro-Asian position, 15
      • Black African contacts with, 48
      • British arms sales to, 34, 35, 36, 38
      • Bureau of State Security (BOSS), 10
      • Cape Town opera house opening, 49, 50, 51
      • Chrome exports by, 37, 71
      • DRC/Zaire, relations with, 165
      • Economic sanctions against, 29, 32, 79
      • Homelands, 71
      • IAEA suspension of, 86
      • ICJ advisory opinion procedings on SWA, 44
      • Iran, relations with, 162
      • Ivory Coast, relations with, 20
      • Lesotho boundary dispute with, 238
      • Liberation movements in, 68
      • Malawi, relations with, 20
      • Mozambique, relations with, 199
      • NATO military cooperation with, 79
      • Naval blockade requirements for, 29
      • Nigeria, relations with, 99
      • Nuclear energy program, 71
      • OAU as seen by, 60
      • Portugal, relations with, 87
      • Rhodesia as obstacle to international acceptance of, 205
      • Tanzanian-U.S. talks on, 194
      • United Kingdom, relations with, 41
      • United States, relations with:
        • Aircraft carrier visit cancellation, 5
        • Air Force Tracking Station 13, 71
        • Arms embargo, 23, 40
        • Arthur Ashe visa application, 12, 18, 19, 21
        • Assignment of Black FSO to, 72
        • Under Carter administration, 239
        • Defense, 17
        • Export-Import Bank loans, 71, 82, 83
        • Expulsion of U.S. citizens, 47
        • Kissinger-Vorster meetings, 196, 206, 239
        • Military cooperation, 42, 83
        • Mutual understanding on gold marketing, 22
        • NASA tracking facility, 17, 71
        • Nuclear fuel agreement, proposed, 63
        • Nuclear power reactor sale to, 70
        • Ocean surveillance, 78, 79, 80, 81, 137
        • Rhodesian talks, 196, 199, 203, 205, 206, 236, 238, 239
        • South West Africa/Namibia issues, 29
        • Sugar quota, 17
        • Trade amounts, 71
        • Trade and investment, 17
        • Visa restrictions on members of U.S. Congress, 12, 13
      • U.N. membership, 9, 77, 78
      • U.N. sanctions on:
        • British position, 15, 17
        • French position, 17
      • U.S. economic policy toward, 76
      • U.S. policy toward, 17, 71
      • Working conditions for non-whites at U.S. companies in, 45
    • Southern Africa (see also individual countries):
      • Angolan civil war’s impact on, 148
      • Black African manifesto on, 9
      • NSC policy discussions on, 20, 23
      • Soviet role in, 96
      • U.S. arms embargo on, 23, 40
      • U.S. review of policy toward, 5, 6, 17, 84
      • Violent vs. evolutionary change in, 17
    • Southern African Development Fund, proposal, 17
    • Southern African Students Program (SASP), 68
    • Southern Africa Student Program, 17
    • South West Africa/Namibia (see also South West Africa/Namibia and SWA subheadings under other subjects; South West Africa People’s Organization):
      • Autonomy’s curtailment in, 1
        • U.S. position, 2
      • British-U.S. talks on, 197, 202
      • Constituent Assembly:
      • Continuance of RSA mandate over:
        • British position, 73
        • French position, 73
        • OAU position, 73, 74, 75
        • RSA position, 74
        • U.S. position, 73
      • Escher report on, 73, 74
      • Ford-Carter administrations transition talks on, 239
      • French-U.S. talks on, 197
      • General Law Amendment Act as applied to, 13, 14
      • German language status in, 1
      • Homelands creation in, 1, 75
        • Zambian position, 103
      • ICJ status determination, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 44, 46, 54
      • Independence for:
        • British position, 193
        • Scenarios for, 84
        • Walvis Bay’s status, 204
      • Liberation movements in, U.S. relations with, 68
      • RSA position, 13
      • RSA–U.N. talks on, possible, 60
      • South West Africa’s status, Proceedings for advisory opinion (1971), 44
      • Tanzanian-U.S. talks on, 194
      • Terrorist Act as applied to:
        • RSA position, 60
        • U.S. position, 7
      • U.N. role in:
        • Escher Report, 73, 74
        • RSA position, 13
        • U.S. position, 14, 29, 74
        • Zambian position, 205
      • U.S. investment in, 29, 33, 71
      • U.S. policy for, 5, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33
      • U.S.–RSA talks on, 54, 60, 238
      • Waldheim contacts with RSA over, 73, 75
      • Windhoek Conference, 197, 202, 203, 204, 205, 207, 230, 237, 238
      • Zambian-U.S. talks and messages on, 103, 195, 205, 237
    • South West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO):
      • As Constituent Assembly participant, 204, 205, 207, 230, 237, 239
      • Plebiscite on status of South West Africa/Namibia, proposed, 46
      • RSA views of, 60
      • SWA/Namibia conference, 202
      • Terrorist Act applied to, 7
      • UNITA support of, 175
    • Soviet Union (see also Soviet subheadings under other subjects):
      • African liberation movements, 68, 92
      • Angola role:
      • Chinese People’s Republic competition in Africa with, 92
      • Chrome exports by, 20, 37, 56
      • ICJ advisory opinion proceedings on SWA, 44
      • Libyan role of, 92
      • Nigeria, relations with, 137
      • United States, relations with:
        • Angolan civil war’s impact on, 148, 170, 171
        • Code of Conduct for, 140
    • Spain, James W., 194, 230
    • Sparkman, John, 123
    • Special Self-Help and Development Program, 17
    • Spiers, Ronald, 202, 208
    • Spinola, Gen. António de, 98, 101
    • Stans, Maurice H., 96
      • Angola, 40
      • Mozambique, 40
      • Rhodesia, 28, 37, 39, 69
      • RSA, 40
      • Southern Africa, 6, 23, 40
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 24, 32
    • Steel, Henry, 221
    • Stempel, John D., 13
    • Stennis, John, 56
    • Stevenson, John, 44, 45
    • Stewart, Robert M.M., 16, 25
    • Steyn, Lucas C., 7
    • Stoel, Max van der, 234
    • Strand, 152, 156
    • Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 171
    • Strategic and critical materials list, 69
    • Sudan, 13, 92, 160
    • Suez Canal’s reopening, 34
    • Sugar, 94
    • Sugar quotas, 52
    • Sukarno, 58, 59
    • Sulphur, 53
    • Summ, Godfrey H., 75
    • Sunday Telegraph, 203
    • Swaziland, 17, 52, 71
    • Sweden, 136, 191, 234
    • Switzerland, 37
    • Syria, 136, 203, 205
    • Tan-Zam Railway, 89, 93
    • Tanzania (see also Tanzania and Tanzanian subheadings under other subjects):
      • Angola government of national unity, 167
      • British arms sales to South Africa, 34
      • Chinese People’s Republic’s role in, 35, 87
      • Dar es Salaam Conference (1976), 191
      • FRELIMO bases in, 94
      • MPLA government recognized by, 160
      • Portugal, relations with, 87, 94
      • United States, relations with, 17, 205
      • U.N. membership for Angola, 136
      • U.S. educational aid for refugees in, 68
      • Zambia, relations with, 194
    • Taswell, Harald L.T., 7, 13, 14, 18
    • Thant, U, 27, 60
    • Theis, Paul, 104
    • Themido, Joao Hall, 131
    • Thomaz, Américo, 97, 98
    • Thompson, Alan R., 16
    • Thorn, Gaston, 234
    • Tibbetts, Margaret J., 89
    • Tobin, Irwin, 92
    • Todd, Garfield, 203, 236
    • Toyvo Ya Toyvo, Herman, 205
    • Training films, 42
    • Transkei, 1, 236, 238
    • Treasury, U.S. Department of the, 22, 23, 30, 31, 83
    • Trinidad and Tobago, 160
    • Troxel, Oliver L., Jr., 43
    • Trudeau, Pierre Elliott, 208
    • Tsumeb mining complex, 29
    • Tunney Amendment, 151, 157, 163, 168, 182, 183, 186, 187
    • Tunney, John, 151
    • Turkey, 37
    • Turnhalle Conference. See Windhoek Conference under South West Africa/Namibia.
    • Uganda, 166
    • Umba-di-Lutete, Jean-Theodore, 91, 99
    • Union Carbide, 8, 20, 37, 39, 41
    • United Arab Emirates (UAE), 234
    • United Kingdom (UK) (see also British subheadings under other subjects):
      • Closing of U.S. Consulate General in Rhodesia, 16, 23, 25, 27, 28
      • Economic situation in, 198
      • EEC membership for, 41
      • ICJ advisory opinion proceedings on SWA, 44
      • Portugal, relations with, 41
      • South Africa, relations with, 41
      • U.N. membership for Angola, 136
      • Veto of RSA’s expulsion from U.N. by, 77
      • Zambia, relations with, 41
      • Zimbabwe Development Fund proposal, 234
    • United Nations (U.N.) (see also U.N. subheadings under other subjects):
      • African liberation movements, 68
      • Angolan membership in, 136, 186, 188
      • Decolonization Committee, 97
      • Mozambique membership in, 104
      • Portuguese view of, 90
      • Refugee training programs, 29, 31, 32
      • Rhodesia/Zimbawe possible supervision by, 203
      • RSA membership in, 9, 77, 78
      • SWA role of, 13, 14, 29, 73, 74
      • Zimbabwe Development Fund, 234
    • United Nations Charter:
      • Article 73e, 93, 94
      • Chapter VII, 17, 44
    • United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 105
    • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), 194
    • United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 223
    • United Nations General Assembly (UNGA):
      • Resolution 2145 (1966), 1, 4, 29, 33, 44, 46
      • Suspension of RSA from, 78
      • Termination of RSA mandate over SWA by, 29, 31
      • U.N. Council for South West Africa established by resolution, 29
    • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), 68, 105
    • United Nations Security Council (UNSC):
      • Angola, 153
      • British-Rhodesian settlement talks, 67
      • Declaration of Rhodesian republic, responses to, 27
      • Portuguese territories, debate on, 97
      • Resolutions:
        • 181 (S/5386), 37
        • 232, 8
        • 268, 15
        • 269, 15
        • 276, 29
        • 282, 38
        • 322, 97
      • Rhodesian debate, 203
      • South African sanctions studied by, 29
      • South West Africa/Namibia, 4, 31, 73, 74, 75
    • United States Information Agency (USIA), 30, 31
    • Universal Leaf Tobacco, 37
    • Universal Postal Union (UPU), 68
    • University of Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland (UBLS), 71
    • Uranium, 204
    • U.S. Steel, 53
    • Vanadium, 71
    • Vance, Cyrus, 235, 236, 238, 239
    • Vance, Sheldon B.:
      • Angola:
        • U.S. role in, as seen by African leaders, 111
        • U.S. support for non-Communist liberation groups in, 112, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 127, 149
      • Mobutu visit to Washington, 91
      • U.S. aid to DRC/Zaire, 115, 119
    • Van den Bergh, Gen. Hendrik Johannes, 10, 196, 203
    • Van der Byl, Pieter K., 223, 235
    • Veneman, John, 96
    • Vietnam, Republic of, 44
    • Vietnam War, 13, 36
    • Volpe, John, 96
    • Vorster, Balthazar Johannes:
      • Advisory council for South West Africa, 73
      • Ashe visa application, 18, 21
      • Bureau for State Security, 10
      • Front Line states leaders’ meetings with, 103, 196
      • Kaunda meeting with, 194
      • Kissinger meetings with, 196, 206, 239
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • Majority rule, 200, 213, 230, 235
        • Transitional government, 236
        • U.S.–RSA talks on, 203, 205
        • Zambian-U.S. talks on, 195
      • Richard talks with, 238, 239
      • Smith meetings with, 201, 205, 206
      • South West Africa, 103, 195, 204, 205, 207
      • United Nations as disliked by, 205
    • Waldheim, Kurt, 73, 75, 116, 196, 230
    • Walker, Peter C., 110, 124
    • Wall, Patrick, 230
    • Walters, Lt. Gen. Vernon A., 139, 185
    • Waring, Frank, 18, 19
    • Warner, John S., 123, 183
    • Watts, William, 20
    • Wells, William, 123, 137, 139, 173
    • Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 6, 20, 23, 24, 28
    • Widnall, William B., 22
    • Wilkowski, Jean M., 103, 195
    • Wilson, Harold:
      • Resignation of, 192
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, 3, 8, 25, 58, 204
      • U.S. bombing of Hanoi, 36
    • Wisner, Frank G., III, 211, 237
      • Rhodesia/Zimbabwe:
        • Conference for transition to majority rule in, 221, 222
          • British-U.S. talks on, 208, 224, 225, 233
          • Independence date, 226
          • Kissinger briefing for meeting on, 232
          • Plan for, 199, 200
          • Richard consultation in London, 224, 229, 233
          • RSA–U.S. talks on, 238
        • Majority rule, 205
        • Transitional government, 219, 236
    • Witman, William, II, 36
    • Woodward, Bob, 153
    • World Council of Peace, 92
    • World Health Organization (WHO), 68
    • World Peace Conference, 129
    • Worrel, Stephen W., 192
    • Worsthorne, Peregrine, 203
    • Wright, Marshall, 46, 56, 63, 65, 70
    • Wright, Patrick, 208
    • Wyman, Tom, 45
    • Yeo, Edwin, III, 215
    • Yost, Charles W., 20, 31, 33
    • Young, Andrew J., 235, 239
    • Young, Robin, 229
    • Yugoslavia, 149
    • Zaire. See Congo, Democratic Republic of (DRC)/Zaire.
    • Zambia (see also Zambia and Zambian subheadings under other subjects):
      • Angola government of national unity, 167
      • Angolan civil war’s impact on, 148
      • Botswana, relations with, 53
      • British arms sales to South Africa, 34, 41
      • British economic aid to, 193
      • Diplomatic recognition of the MPLA by, 116, 173, 175, 180, 186
      • DRC/Zaire support of FNLA/UNITA government in Angola, 166
      • FRELIMO bases in, 94
      • Portugal, relations with, 87, 94
      • Rhodesian exports to, 56, 57
      • Schaufele visit to, 157
      • Tanzania, relations with, 194
      • UNITA planes impounded by, 186
      • United Kingdom, relations with, 41
      • United States, relations with, 17, 43, 150
      • U.S. economic aid to, 180
      • U.S. educational aid for refugees in, 68
      • U.S. support for FNLA/UNITA government in Angola, 150, 155, 156
    • Zanzibar, 239
    • Zhou Enlai, 205
    • Ziegler, Ronald L., 25, 58, 62, 96
    • Zimbabwe Development Fund, 234, 239
    • Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary Army (ZIPA), 221, 228, 231, 233, 235
    • Zimbabwe. See Rhodesia/Zimbabwe.
    • Zulu, Grey, 195