Cooperation in Space
21. Letter From the Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Dryden) to President Johnson
Source: Johnson Library, White House Central Files, FG 260. No classification marking.
22. Letter From the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Webb) to President Johnson
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Charles E. Johnson Files, Cooperation in Space, US–USSR #2, Box 14. Confidential.
23. Report Prepared by the Committee on National Security Policy Planning Implications of Outer Space in the 1970s, Basic National Security Policy Planning Task I (1)
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1 US. Secret. The 20 Committee members were drawn from international departments and agencies including the Department of State, NASA, ACDA, OST, the CIA, the Department of Defense, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The paper was reviewed by Walt Rostow and the Policy Planning Group. In the preface, Rostow called this report “a pioneering study, the first to relate the scientific-technical intelligence and political factors involved in our future space policy relating to national security problems.” (p. iii)
24. Memorandom From Charles E. Johnson of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Charles E. Johnson Files, Cooperation in Space, US–USSR #2, Box 14. No classification marking.
25. National Security Action Memorandum No. 285
Source: Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 70 D 199. Confidential. Copies were sent to McGeorge Bundy, Charles E. Johnson, and Secretary Rusk.
26. Letter From the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Webb) to President Johnson
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Charles E. Johnson Files, Cooperation in Space, US–USSR #2, Box 14. Confidential.
27. Research Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Charles E. Johnson Files, Cooperation in Space, US–USSR #2. Secret; No Foreign Dissem.
28. Action Memorandum From the Acting Counselor and Chairman of the Policy Planning Council (Owen) to Secretary of State Rusk
Source: Department of State, S/PC Files: Lot 72 D 124, Scientific and Technological Development, 1965. Secret. Cleared by Edwin M. Kretzmann (SCI), Scott George (G/PM), and William R. Tyler (EUR). A copy was sent to Ambassador Harriman.
29. Letter From the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Webb) to President Johnson
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Charles E. Johnson Files, Cooperation in Space, US–USSR #2, Box 14. Secret. A copy was sent to Secretary Rusk.
30. Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the National Aeronautics and Space Council (Welsh) to Vice President Humphrey
Source: Minnesota Historical Society, Papers of Hubert H. Humphrey, Vice Presidential Files, Outer Space General Files, 1964–April 1967, 150.F.9.10 (F). No classification marking. No official minutes of the Space Council meetings were kept. According to a later Humphrey staff memorandum: “The Executive Secretary has been approached by the staff regarding the preparation of a record of action memorandum signed by the Chairman to be sent to the Council members following the meetings. The Executive Secretary is opposed on the basis that the meeting results are privileged material. At present, interested individuals from the participating Agencies are briefed on the meeting results at their request on an ad hoc basis by the Executive Secretary.” The result was that each agency had its own interpretation of the taken decisions which could lead to confusion: “In instances where the participating Agency may be lukewarm about the Council findings the net result can be inaction.” (“Suggestions for Improving the Effectiveness of the Space Council,” May 3, 1966; ibid.)
32. Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1 US. Confidential.
33. Information Memorandum From the Acting Director of the Office of International Scientific and Technological Affairs (Pollack) to Secretary of State Rusk
Source: Department of State,SCI Files: Lot 68 D 152, SP 1–1 USSR 1965. Unclassified. Drafted by M.F. Smith (SCI). A notation on the source text indicates that the Secretary saw the memorandum.
34. Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Posts
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 10 US. Limited Official Use. Drafted by William H. Edgar (EUR/SOV) on August 25 and cleared in draft by Martin Rosenberg (FE), Peter T. Higgins (AF), Peter D. Constable (NEA), Margaret E. Beshore (ARA), James B. Freeman (P), and James W. Milner (SCI). Cleared in substance by David H. Henry (SOV), Llewellyn Thompson (S/AL), Richard M. Moose (S/SO), Thomas W. Wilson (IO), and Bromley Smith (White House); and approved by Richard H. Davis (EUR).
35. Telegram From the Embassy in the Soviet Union to the Department of State
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1–1 US–USSR. Limited Official Use; Priority. No time of transmission appears on the source text; the telegram was received at 9:51 a.m.
36. Telegram From the Mission to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and European Regional Organizations to the Department of State
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1–1 EUR-US. Confidential. Repeated to the Office of the Secretary of Defense and NASA for Webb.
37. Telegram From the Embassy in France to the Department of State
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1–1 EUR-US. Confidential. Passed to NASA for Webb on December 28.
38. Telegram From the Embassy in France to the Department of State
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 1–1 EUR-US. Confidential. Also sent to London, The Hague, Bonn, Rome, Brussels for USEC, Stockholm, Bern, Vienna, Madrid, and Luxembourg.
39. Letter From the Acting Director of the Office of International Scientific and Technological Affairs (Pollack) to the Assistant Administrator for International Affairs, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Frutkin)
Source: Department of State, SCI Files: Lot 68 D 383. Confidential. Drafted by Trevanion H.E. Nesbitt (SCI) on February 8 and cleared by Leroy F. Percival (EUR/RPE) in draft.
40. Memorandum for the Record
Source: Department of State, S/PC Files: Lot 72 D 124, Scientific and Technological Development 1966. Confidential. Drafted by James E. Goodby (S/P) on March 25.
41. Memorandum for the Files
Source: Department of State, SCI Files: Lot 68 D 383. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Milner (SCI) on April 5.
43. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Germany
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential. Drafted by Percival (EUR/RPE), Milner (SCI), and George (G/PM) and cleared by Jerome H. Kahan (ACDA), Murray (DOD) (informed), Hausman (NASA) (informed), and Howard Meyers (G/PM) in draft. Also sent to Brussels, Canberra, London, Paris, Rome, and The Hague; and repeated to Geneva.
44. Letter From Secretary of State Rusk to the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Webb)
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, ORG 7 NASA. Confidential. Drafted by Nesbitt (SCI) and cleared by Johnson (G), Schaetzel (EUR), and Percival (EUR/RPE).
45. Action Memorandum From the Acting Director of the Office of International Scientific and Technological Affairs (Pollack) to Secretary of State Rusk
Source: Department of State,SCI Files: Lot 68 D 383. Limited Official Use. Cleared by J. Robert Schaetzel (EUR). A copy was sent to Ball. A May 16 cover memorandum attached to the source text reads: “Amb. Johnson believes you should be aware of the attached for your meeting with George Thomson but does not believe you should take the initiative in raising it. E.J.S.”
46. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Pollack and cleared by Morris (OTM), Robert L. Bruce (S/S), Barber, Frutkin (NASA), Frank E. Loy (E/TT), Sidney N. Graybeal (ACDA), and Spurgeon Keeny (White House). Cleared by U. Alexis Johnson. Repeated to Bonn, Brussels, Canberra, Paris, Rome, and The Hague.
47. Telegram From the Department of State to Secretary of State Rusk in Belgium
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential. Drafted by Pollack on June 4, cleared by Percival (EUR/RPE) in substance and Alexander L. Rattray (S/S), and approved by U. Alexis Johnson. Secretary Rusk was in Brussels for a meeting of NATO Foreign Ministers, June 6–8. During this session, the Ministers agreed to move NATO headquarters to Belgium.
48. Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Michael F. Smith (SCI) and cleared in substance by Frutkin and Percival; approved by Nesbitt (SCI). Also sent to Bonn, London, Rome, The Hague, and Brussels.
49. Position Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Source: Department of State, SCI Files: Lot 68 D 383, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text. This paper was prepared for a meeting of the National Aeronautics and Space Council on June 15 to discuss post-Apollo planning and specifically to answer a question of the Vice President: “Do you see any special advantages in selecting any particular goals in advancing this country’s prestige or bargaining position abroad?” (Memorandum from Pollack to Rusk, June 15; National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 10) In the June 13 covering memorandum to the Secretary that accompanied this memorandum, Pollack stated the Department’s goals: “Because of the hard facts of international relations in a space conscious world, post-Apollo programs have significant political importance and must therefore be constructed with that in mind. In order to establish and clarify the record it is suggested that you table a paper at the meeting … which would voice the Department’s interest in post-Apollo programs.” (Department of State, SCI Files: Lot 68 D 383) According to reports of the meeting, “The Secretary stated that his main interest was in near earth activities in space rather than expensive activities for interplanetary performance. He stressed communications and navigation satellites, space sciences, improvement in defense use of space; he did very nicely.” (Memorandum from Nesbitt to Pollack, June 15; ibid.)
50. Statement Prepared by the Ad Hoc Committee of the Space Council
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Records of the Department of State, Central Files, 1964–66, SP 11 ELDO. Confidential. The first draft of this paper was prepared by Pollack and a working group of the International Cooperation subcommittee, chaired by Under Secretary of State U. Alexis Johnson. Pollack sent the draft, in circulation for comments, under cover of a memorandum to Secretary Rusk on June 15 in preparation for a National Aeronautics and Space Council meeting. (Ibid., SP 10) On July 22 Joyce sent the final version of the paper, as printed here, prepared as a draft NSAM, under cover of a memorandum to President Johnson requesting Johnson’s signature to another memorandum to the Vice President.